Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ontario. Child and family services act

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Ontario. Child and family services act'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ontario. Child and family services act"

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Browne, Dillon T., Jacqueline Johnson, Erin Beatty, Mary Price Cameron, Duane Durham, and Aron Shlonsky. "The Therapeutic Family Care Program: A 10-year community implementation of Treatment Foster Care in Ontario, Canada." Developmental Child Welfare 1, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516103218815701.

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The present study describes a community implementation of treatment foster care (TFC) for children and youth involved with child welfare in Ontario, Canada. There were two guiding research questions: (1) how are children and adolescents changing over the course of services and (2) how have the placements of children and adolescents changed over time? Clinical outcomes were tracked using the Assessment Checklist for Children (ACC) and Assessment Checklist for Adolescents (ACAs)—clinical tools that were specially designed to assess the functioning of young people in care. There were 1,068 ACCs on 518 children, and 559 ACAs on 222 adolescents. Each additional year of involvement with Therapeutic Family Care Program corresponded to additional improvement for both children, d = −.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −.25 to −.12, and adolescents, d = −.11; 95%CI = −.18 to −.03. Moderators and subdomains of clinical improvement were considered, though findings generally revealed significant improvement over time for most youngsters in most clinical areas. At the program level, there has been a significant increase in placement permanence across the last decade (i.e., greater prevalence of birth parent, adoption, and kinship care). In sum, this study illustrates an example of community implementation for TFC in a child welfare setting, which necessarily includes the systematic tracking of outcomes in the context of evidence-supported intervention.
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Choate, Peter, Roy Bear Chief, Desi Lindstrom, and Brandy CrazyBull. "Sustaining Cultural Genocide—A Look at Indigenous Children in Non-Indigenous Placement and the Place of Judicial Decision Making—A Canadian Example." Laws 10, no. 3 (July 15, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws10030059.

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The Truth and Reconciliation Commission has called upon Canada to engage in a process of reconciliation with the Indigenous peoples of Canada. Child Welfare is a specific focus of their Calls to Action. In this article, we look at the methods in which discontinuing colonization means challenging legal precedents as well as the types of evidence presented. A prime example is the ongoing deference to the Supreme Court of Canada decision in Racine v Woods which imposes Euro-centric understandings of attachment theory, which is further entrenched through the neurobiological view of raising children. There are competing forces observed in the Ontario decision on the Sixties Scoop, Brown v Canada, which has detailed the harm inflicted when colonial focused assimilation is at the heart of child welfare practice. The carillon of change is also heard in a series of decisions from the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in response to complaints from the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada and the Assembly of First Nations regarding systemic bias in child welfare services for First Nations children living on reserves. Canadian federal legislation Bill C-92, “An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families”, brings in other possible avenues of change. We offer thoughts on manners decolonization might be approached while emphasizing that there is no pan-Indigenous solution. This article has implications for other former colonial countries and their child protection systems.
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Lindell, Karen U., Christina K. Sorenson, and Susan V. Mangold. "The Family First Prevention Services Act: A New Era of Child Welfare Reform." Public Health Reports 135, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354919900892.

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Danseco, Evangeline, MaryAnn Notarianni, and Jana Kocourek. "Quality Standards on Youth Engagement and Family Engagement: Defining Excellence for Engagement." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 39, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2020-011.

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To enhance consistency in practicing meaningful engagement to improve services, the Ontario Centre of Excellence for Child and Youth Mental Health co-developed quality standards on system-level youth and family engagement with agency representatives, researchers, youth, and families. These two quality standards encompass statements that describe high-quality engagement based on evidence.
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Mohapatra, Satya, Hyacinth Irving, Angela Paglia-Boak, Christine Wekerle, Edward Adlaf, and Jürgen Rehm. "History of Family Involvement with Child Protective Services as a Risk Factor for Bullying in Ontario Schools." Child and Adolescent Mental Health 15, no. 3 (August 12, 2010): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2009.00552.x.

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Banasiak, Anna, and Agata Niezabitowska. "Family assistant opportunities in the area of supporting family with a child with autism spectrum (ASD)." Praca Socjalna 35, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4430.

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The family assistant’s tasks include providing emotional and instrumental support and empowering the family in its subjectivity. As raising a child with ASD poses many specific challenges (e.g. the lack of a comprehensive system of support), the assistant should be able to guide the family to the right institutions. The aim of this article is to indicate the need for family assistants to know the specificity of autism spectrum disorder. In addition, based on the ‘For Life’ Act, the available benefits and services for pregnant women, children with ASD and their families are described, and a list of support facilities is provided.
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Greene, Saara, Doe O'Brien-Teengs, Wanda Whitebird, and Allyson Ion. "How HIV-Positive Aboriginal Women (PAW) Talk About Their Mothering Experiences With Child and Family Services in Ontario." Journal of Public Child Welfare 8, no. 5 (October 20, 2014): 467–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15548732.2014.948253.

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Limb, Gordon E., and Eddie F. Brown. "An Examination of the Indian Child Welfare Act Section of State Title IV-B Child and Family Services Plans." Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 25, no. 2 (February 16, 2008): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10560-008-0114-4.

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Kawam, Elisa. "Revisiting the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980: Analysis, Critique, and Recommendations." World Journal of Social Science Research 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2014): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v1n1p23.

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During the 1970s, record rates of families intersected with the US foster care system. An estimated 500,000 children resided in foster care and despite services provided, those children suffered longer stays in foster care, increased re-entry into foster care, and reduced family reunification. The foster care system actually promoted family instability and in response, the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act [AACWA] passed. AACWA intended to promote family strength and increased service provision through the restructuring and reorganization of the child welfare system. A variety of opinions regarding the overall approach to solving this problem ultimately led to severe programmatic cuts that are still felt today, more than 30 years later. Revisiting the AACWA and providing a renewed critique yields pragmatic, feasible, and necessary policy recommendations to guide governmental bodies worldwide on behalf of the families and children they serve.
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Underwood, Kathryn, Elaine Frankel, Karen Spalding, and Kathleen Brophy. "Is the right to early intervention being honoured? A study of family experiences with early childhood services." Canadian Journal of Children's Rights / Revue canadienne des droits des enfants 5, no. 1 (November 9, 2018): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/cjcr.v5i1.1226.

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This article presents an empirical study of family interactions with childhood disability and early years services in Ontario, Canada, with a focus on whether the right to early intervention is being honoured. International mandates, national legislation, and local policies have increased global awareness of the rights of children to be provided with environments for optimal healthy development and education, including the right to early intervention. The right to early intervention is articulated by the United Nations in several international declarations and conventions. Article 20 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC, 1989) was the first convention to use the term disability. It specifically addresses the particular rights of disabled children, with articulation of the right to “enjoy a full and decent life, in conditions which ensure dignity, promote self-reliance, and facilitate the child’s active participation in the community” (A.20, s.1, 1990). Further, the CRC clearly states that children have the right to special care and assistance for both the child and the service providers working with the child. Services are to be delivered free of charge in order to ensure that the child has access to education, training, health care, rehabilitation, preparation for employment, and recreation services. In all cases these services must consider the fullest social integration and individual development that is consistent with cultural and spiritual beliefs (A.20, s.2-4).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ontario. Child and family services act"

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Sammon, William J. "The Ontario Child and Family Services Act: Maintaining the balance between competing rights." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5823.

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LUKEŠOVÁ, Miloslava. "Podpora rodin s dítětem se zdravotním postižením." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48626.

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The family means an environment in which human personality is formed, where human capital is created and where future generations are raised and educated. Its prosperity influences the development of the state as well as the cultural, social and economic development. It is always a stressful situation for the family if the newborn child is handicapped or if the handicap develops in a child so far healthy. There may be inevitable changes in parents´ employment, in the lifestyle of the family, in the way of spending free time and often even in the relationships within the family. One form of possible alleviation in such a situation is the existence of social services. Act no. 108/2006 on Social Services is aimed at specifying particular types of social services and related allowances as a tool for helping. The intended outcome is a healthy, competitive environment in this sphere and subsequent growth of social services network. The submitted bachelor thesis is based on qualitative research focused on the opinions and attitudes of handicapped children´s parents. The parents evaluated the current forms of support provided for their families, the offer of social services in their region and the services utilization. The thesis also surveys how much information is available to the parents as regards the system of social help and social services, what is their first experience regarding family care allowance. This allowance is a new form within the Czech social support system. The sample consisted of thirty parents of handicapped children and the data collection technique was based on semi-standardized interviews and content analysis. The survey results yielded the following hypothesis for prospective quantitative research: The interest of families with a handicapped child in broader offer of social services does not depend on the nominal value of allowances intended for covering the cost of these services.
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Fourie, Charmaine. "'n Opleidingsprogram vir voornemende pleegouers (Afrikaans)." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27100.

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Misdade wat gemik is teen kinders veroorsaak tans ‘n nasionale krisis wat geïllustreer word deur die feit dat daar ‘n toename in die mishandeling en verwaarlosing van kinders is. Al hoe meer kinders word ook wees gelaat na die afsterwe van hul biologiese ouers weens MIV/VIGS-verwante siektes. Dit bring mee dat daar ‘n geweldige toename in pleegsorgplasings in Suid-Afrika is. Welsynsorganisasies beskik egter nie oor ‘n resente opleidingsprogram wat daarop gemik is om voornemende pleegouers op pleegsorg voor te berei nie. Die doel van die studie het behels om ‘n opleidingsprogram vir voornemende pleegouers te ontwikkel, te implementeer en empiries te toets. Die doelwitte wat gestel is om die doel te bereik was om ‘n opleidingsprogram vir voornemende pleegouers te ontwikkel, die program by voornemende pleegouers te toets en om die impak van die program waar te neem deur die resultate van ‘n voor- en natoets te vergelyk. Die inhoud van die opleidingsprogram wat vir die studie ontwikkel is, is beskryf. Gevolglik is van beskrywende navorsing gebruik gemaak. Hierdie studie het berus op die volgende hipotese: Indien voornemende pleegouers hierdie opleidingsprogram deurloop het, sal die voornemende pleegouers se kennis rakende die omvang, wetlike implikasies, verwagtinge, motiewe, verantwoordelikhede en pligte ten opsigte van pleegsorg, en die profiel van die pleegkind verbeter. Die empiriese resultate van die studie het die hipotese as waar bewys.‘n Kwantitatiewe enkelstelselontwerp, is die benadering wat gevolg is. Data is ingesamel met behulp van ‘n vraelys wat tydens ‘n voor- en natoets benut is. Altesaam 53 respondente (ouer as 20 jaar) bestaande uit getroude pare en enkellopendes wat gedurende die tydperk Februarie tot Junie 2006, by die Ondersteuningsraad van Pretoria as voornemende pleegouers aangemeld het, is by die studie betrek. Die 53 respondente is in drie groepe ingedeel. Drie opleidingsessies met elk van die drie groepe is onderneem. Rothman en Thomas se model vir intervensienavorsing is benut om die opleidingsprogram vir voornemende pleegouers te ontwikkel. Die model bestaan uit ses fases, waarvan die eerste vyf fases in die studie benut is. Tydens die eerste fase is die probleem ontleed; in die tweede fase is teoretiese inligting versamel en deelnemers by die studie betrek; by die derde en vierde fases, is die opleidingsprogram tentatief ontwerp en getoets om leemtes te identifiseer. Daarna is die program volledig geïmplementeer en die impak daarvan empiries getoets. Die kwantitatiewe data (voor- en natoets) is met behulp van ‘n selfontwerpte vraelys ingesamel. Die vraelys is benut om inligting aangaande die respondente se kennis van pleegsorg te verkry. Individuele telefoniese onderhoude is een maand na afloop van die implementering van die program met die respondente gevoer om addisionele inligting te kry. Die resultate van die voor- en natoets het getoon dat die opleidingsprogram suksesvol was. Die respondente wat by die studie betrek is, het ‘n verbetering getoon ten opsigte van hul kennis van pleegsorg. Na die evaluering van die opleidingsprogram, is ‘n samevatting van die vernaamste bevindings, en gevolgtrekkings vir die ondersoek in geheel, aangebied. Aanbevelings is gemaak en is temas vir verdere navorsing geïdentifiseer.
Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Social Work and Criminology
unrestricted
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Tyabazayo, Phumlani. "The duty of the state to give effect to the rights of children in child-headed households in the context of section 28(1)(b) and (c) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3198.

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The scourge of HIV/AIDS is ravaging our communities; many children have lost their parents to this pandemic. The death of parents because of this pandemic has resulted in the emergence of a new phenomenon of child-headed households. This paper seeks to examine the rights of children in child-headed households as entrenched in section 28(1)(b) and (c) of the Constitution. Once the rights of children in child-headed households are ascertained, the state’s duty to give effect to these rights is investigated. In the analysis of the rights, the socio-economic rights jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court is considered. The paper further argues that the state gives effect to the rights of children in child-headed households through legislation and policy. As such, the paper takes a closer look at the legislation and policies that seek to give effect to the rights of children in child-headed households as enumerated in section 28(1)(b) and (c) and gaps in that legislation and policy are highlighted. In conclusion, proposals are made that will assist the state to give effect to the rights of children in child-headed households as set out in the Constitution.
Private Law
LL.M.
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Thiele, Shelley. "Exploring the feasibility of foster care as a primary permanency option for orphans." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/927.

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In the wake of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, welfare organisations in Vryheid situated in northern KwaZulu-Natal have noted dramatic increases in requests for foster care placements for orphaned children. In many instances, orphans have lived by private arrangement with extended families for several years. However, families are increasingly overwhelmed with the burden of overextending scarce resources, forcing them to seek welfare assistance. Community-based responses to the crisis are regarded as top priority. This study examines literature regarding child care alternatives for orphans, focussing on foster care as the primary option. A study was conducted which explored community perceptions towards the local orphan crisis and foster care in particular. Findings revealed that although the adage 'Blood is thicker than water' still applies, foster care cannot stand alone. Alternate forms of care-giving need to be found to avoid plunging orphan care into further crisis.
Social work
M.A.(Social Science (Mental Health))
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Books on the topic "Ontario. Child and family services act"

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Mang, Ian. The 1997 annotated Child & Family Services Act. Scarborough, Ont: Carswell, 1996.

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Ontario. Highlights of the Child and Family Services Act. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services, 1985.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. Highlights of the Child and Family Services Act. Ontario. S.l: s.n, 1985.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. Adoption: Under the Child and Family Services Act. Toronto, Ont: the Ministry, 1985.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. Front-line service delivery: Under the Child and Family Services Act. Toronto, Ont: the Ministry, 1985.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. The Child and Family Services Act training handbook ... . [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services, 1985.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. Child protection and child abuse reporting: Under the Child and Family Services Act. Toronto, Ont: the Ministry, 1985.

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Ontario. The Child and Family Services Act: A guide to part III. Toronto, Ont: Butterworths, 1986.

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Services, Ontario Ministry of Community and Social. Policy framework for services funded under the Child and Family Services Act: Background paper. S.l: s.n, 1993.

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Ontario. Ministry of Community and Social Services. Policy framework for services funded under the Child and Family Services Act: Directions for implementation. Toronto, Ont: Ministry of Community and Social Services, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ontario. Child and family services act"

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Mawhiney, Anne-Marie. "Policy Development as a Hegemonic Strategy: Example of the child and Family Services Act in Otario." In The State as Parent, 53–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1053-9_4.

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Miles, Joanna, Rob George, and Sonia Harris-Short. "12. Child Protection." In Family Law, 825–915. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811848.003.0012.

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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter examines the law on state intervention into family life where a child is considered to be ‘in need’ or at risk of significant harm. It discusses the competing approaches to state intervention and the principles underpinning the Children Act (CA) 1989; the legal framework governing local authority support for children in need under Part III of the CA 1989 and the Social Services and Well-Being (Wales) Act 2014; the law and procedure regulating compulsory intervention into family life by means of care proceedings under Part IV; and the various emergency and interim measures available to protect a child thought to be at risk of immediate harm.
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Morgan, Polly. "11. Child Protection: State Support for Children." In Family Law, 705–69. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198834243.003.0011.

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This chapter considers how the Children Act 1989 provided a legal framework within which the state can support children to remain with their families through difficult situations and intervene to protect them when they face unacceptable risks. The chapter starts by giving a brief history of child protection law. The chapter then looks at the inherent tension in protecting children while aspiring to support their life with their families, before considering local authorities' powers and duties, resources, and the ever-increasing numbers of children who are involved with social services, whether as c hildren in need, looked after children, or as subjects of child protection investigations or applications.
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Lowe, N. V., G. Douglas, E. Hitchings, and R. Taylor. "17. Public Law Proceedings Concerning Children." In Bromley's Family Law, 626–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198806691.003.0017.

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This is the first of two chapters discussing child protection issues—what is often called the public law concerning children. Chapter 17 begins with a consideration of the basic dilemmas of child protection followed by an overview of the development of local authority powers. It explains the current basic legal framework and provisions for local authorities to provide services for families; specific duties and powers; accommodating children in need; and secure accommodation. The chapter ends by focusing on the local authorities’ investigative powers and duties. It covers the general duty of investigation under s 47 of the Children Act 1989; co-operating with other agencies to discharge investigative duties; emergency protection orders; child assessment orders; and police protection.
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Snow, Kim. "Earning a Hoodie, Voyager Capital." In Leaving Care and the Transition to Adulthood, 315–28. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630485.003.0017.

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Most children in Ontario, Canada, who are involved in child protection services receive services while living with their family or kin; are temporarily placed in the custody of child protection services and live in foster homes, group homes, or kinship care homes; or are placed permanently in the care of child protection services. Until April 2018, this last group of young people were legally designated Crown Wards. This chapter describes a peer-led strategy which sees current and former Crown Wards in Ontario, Canada, plan their own educational journey while at the same time reaching out to other young Crown Wards to encourage them to do the same. Bourdieu’s field theory—specifically the concepts of social capital and habitus—are applied to the project. Fostering social capital, network mapping, and peer-centered practice are emergent models useful to the engagement process and essential as relational practice methods.
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Rymph, Catherine E. "The New Deal, Family Security, and the Emergence of a Public Child Welfare System." In Raising Government Children. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635644.003.0003.

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This chapter addresses the significance of the New Deal to the development of publicly funded foster care and its relationship to the nascent welfare state. The chapter includes many first-hand accounts of parents turning to foster care because they could not provide both economic support and nurturing care to their children. The chapter argues that the onset of the Great Depression marked a setback for the delivery of child welfare services. However, the promise of a more rational system of federal welfare provision through passage of the Social Security Act and other New Deal programs raised hopes that economic insecurity for families could be so drastically reduced as to eliminate (or at least diminish) the role of poverty in separating children from their families. In addition, Title V of the Social Security Act also provided funds to develop state-level public child welfare services, which helped spur the creation of a child welfare infrastructure.
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Norrie, Kenneth McK. "The Statutory Framework after 1968." In A History of Scottish Child Protection Law, 42–84. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474444170.003.0003.

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After an examination of the Kilbrandon Committee’s work in the early 1960s, this chapter will offer an analysis of the major changes to the Scottish child protection process brought about by the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 – including that Act’s increased focus on preventive measures, a greater involvement of the child’s family, and the clarification and enhancement of the role of the local authority. There follows the lead up to and enactment of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995, with its increased focus on participation rights and the restructuring of local authority duties towards vulnerable children and those who are now “looked after”. Thereafter, the new regimes regulating the provision of care in residential establishments and in foster care (the Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001 and the Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010) are explored in detail, as is the development of “GIRFEC” as the major Governmental tool. The chapter ends by exploring the restructuring of the children’s hearing system by the Children’s Hearings (Scotland) Act 2011, and the failed “named person” scheme in the Children and Young People (Scotland) Act 2014. Contemporary international conventions are described.
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Hornby, Simonetta Agnello. "The Children Act 1989: Success or failure." In Perinatal Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199676859.003.0029.

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Heralded as the most progressive legislation of the world, the Children Act of 1989 revolutionized children’s law in England and Wales. It is underpinned by six principles: the supremacy of the child’s interest in all decisions concerning their upbringing and education; the recognition that it is best for any chid to be brought up by their blood family, that his religious and ethnic background must be respected, and that siblings should not be separated; the abolition of the stigma of illegitimacy and its replacement with the attribution at birth of paternal responsibility to the child’s father; the unification of public and private law, and the creation of the ‘menu’ of Residence, Contact, Prohibition, and Specific Issue orders available to the court; the establisment of the new principle that time is of the essence in all cases relating to children; and the creation of the presumption that ‘no order is better than an order’ thus the ingerence of the court must be minimal. I believed in those principles and in the benefits that the Children Act would bring to my clients—children and parents alike. I had some reservations: the system was expensive to implement on two counts: first, it gave the child a ‘guardian’ (a qualified social worker appointed by the court through CAFCASS, a governmental agency), as well as their own solicitor paid for by Legal Aid, as was the representative of the parents, who had the right to instruct independent experts; second, because its requirements of social services and other agencies involved further training and increased resources, as well as further involvement of the judiciary, and increased court time. Hornby and Levy were at the forefront of its implementation: our entire staff received in-house training that was open to other disciplines, within the spirit of cooperation between agencies that permeated the Act and its implementation. I also lectured in Britain and abroad and was proud to tell others that social services were under a duty to keep families united, rather than removing children from parents, and make efforts to return to the family the child removed from it, or if this failed, to place the child within the extended family, or with adoptive parents, within a year.
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Tunstill, Jane, and June Thoburn. "The 1989 England and Wales Children Act: the high-water mark of progressive reform?" In Social Work, 157–72. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447356530.003.0010.

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The 1989 Children Act is a widely admired piece of legislation. This chapter traces its genesis of the legislation and examines the value base of the legislation and its implications for social work practice. The political social and economic trends which have impacted on the implementation are analysed. Has the risk aversion which has led to increased numbers of ‘looked after’ children undermined the balance between family support and child protection reflected in the Act? The cuts in family support services have made it hard to realise the partnership with parents which was one of the key themes of the Act. There remains a hope that the vision and intentions of the legislation may yet be achieved
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Stoesz, David. "Wednesday’s Children." In Building Better Social Programs, 35–57. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190945572.003.0003.

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During the Progressive Era, nonprofit organizations were the basis for child welfare, promoting the creation of the Children’s Bureau. Title IV of the Social Security Act established that the government would provide cash benefits and social services for poor children. The absence of rigorous research in child welfare contributed to disproportionality in care, accounting for Jane Crow. Varied funding match rates contributed to elaborate fiscal arrangements between state and federal governments as well as incentives to place children in foster care. Yet, the Perry Preschool project, the Nurse-Family Partnership, and the Abecedarian Project emerged, demonstrating the value of field experiments.
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