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1
Pantaleo, Sylvia. "Children's Literature across the Curriculum: An Ontario Survey." Canadian Journal of Education / Revue canadienne de l'éducation 27, no. 2/3 (2002): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1602221.
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Hernandez, Anna. "City Profile: Stratford, Ontario." World Literature Today 91, no. 3 (2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2017.0034.
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Giscombe, C. S. "Ontario Towns." Hudson Review 43, no. 4 (1991): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3852186.
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Geist, Jaimie, Line Tremblay, Sandra Dorman, and Christina Rinaldi. "Anglophone culture, Francophone culture, family behaviours, and childhood obesity in Sudbury, Ontario." Diversity of Research in Health Journal 1 (June 21, 2017): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.28984/drhj.v1i0.35.
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In general, Francophones in Ontario are more likely than their Anglophone counterparts to suffer from overweight and obesity. It has also been established that Francophones, Canada-wide, eat fewer daily servings of fruits and vegetables than Anglophones and tend to consume more kilocalories from fat (Batal et al., 2013). Despite these trends, comparative investigations amongst Francophone and Anglophone children in Ontario have not been completed. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review will be to investigate research evidence regarding Francophone children in Ontario and whether they are more likely or less likely to suffer from overweight or obesity than Anglophone children in Ontario. In addition, we will examine research on cultural factors that may be different between the two linguistic groups and which may contribute to the prevalence of obesity. This literature review will present an overview of childhood obesity in Northern Ontario and Francophone and Anglophone culture as well as identify the gaps within the literature for that require further research attention.
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Shah, Vidya, Gisele Cuglievan-Mindreau, and Joseph Flessa. "Reforming for Racial Justice: A Narrative Synthesis and Critique of the Literature on District Reform in Ontario Over 25 Years." Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, no. 198 (February 17, 2022): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1086426ar.
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Ontario school districts are struggling to respond to racism in schooling and society. How has the literature on school district reform in Ontario addressed these ongoing and growing concerns? Through a narrative synthesis and a systematic literature review, we map and characterize the existing literature on school district reform in Ontario in the past 25 years. By combining systematic searches in main online databases with key journal and author search, we analyzed and coded a total of 95 documents. Framed through Critical Race Theory (CRT) and in conversation with recent studies on anti-racist district reforms in the United States, we conceptualize four approaches to district reform literature in Ontario: The Politics of Race Evasion, the Politics of Illusory Equity, the Politics of Representation and Recognition, and the Politics of Anti-Racist Resistance. The authors conclude with a commentary on the use of these conceptualizations in district operations and policies, as well as directions for future research. They also propose a potential fifth approach to district reform, The Politics of Regeneration.
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Shahaed, Heba, Guneet Sandhu, and Eric Seidlitz. "Reviewing Inequities in Primary Care Received by Indigenous Peoples in Ontario." Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal, no. 5 (December 4, 2020): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i5.2542.
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Research has shown that Indigenous peoples in Canada experience health inequities when compared to the non-Indigenous population. High quality primary care has been described in literature; however, this has not been explored through the lens of Indigenous health. A scoping review was performed in order to investigate the quality of primary care received by indigenous peoples in Ontario. To conduct this review, a search of current literature on primary care in Indigenous communities in Ontario was performed. The studies examined in this review were derived from four different databases and many evaluated specific communities using a qualitative and quantitative approach. Several themes were identified including inadequate preparation and training of health care providers, physician and nursing shortages, strategies associated with improved quality of care, management of mental health, disparities in health service delivery station types and ineffective primary care impacts on hospitalizations. This literature search demonstrated a clear gap in the literature on the quality of primary care received by the Indigenous population in Ontario. Thus, further research is necessary in order to outline the current state of primary care being delivered to Indigenous populations in Ontario, and develop strategies to enhance the quality of care for this population.
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Burns, Diane, Vicky Simanovski, Victoria Karuna Hagens, and Garth Matheson. "Reducing the impact of distance on hematopoietic cell therapy patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.74.
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74 Background: Hematopoietic Cell Therapy (HCT) patients experience unique travel challenges and high out-of-pocket costs due to the highly specialized care required. We conducted a mixed methods study to understand current patient support programs in Ontario and other jurisdictions and a cost analysis to inform the development of recommendations to reduce the impact of remoteness on HCT patients and caregivers. Methods: Qualitative information on patient transportation and accommodation supports was gathered through informal and structured input from fourteen Ontario Regional Cancer Program Directors, Hematologists, Patient and Family Advisory Council and Aboriginal Navigators. An environmental scan of medical travel assistance programs within Ontario and in other jurisdictions was performed. A scoping literature review was conducted of published studies focused on inequities in receipt of cancer care in countries with Universal Health care. HCT patient travel patterns to each of the transplant facilities in Ontario were obtained from analysis of Cancer Care Ontario data holdings. Results: We concluded that travel assistance for cancer patients in Ontario varies considerably across the province, and that Ontario lags behind other jurisdictions in Canada and internationally. The scoping literature review revealed that patients who live far from specialist centres, for some diseases, have later stage at diagnosis, less timely access to specialist care, poorer outcomes, lower patient experience scores, and make treatment decisions based on distance. From the analysis of travel patterns for HCT patients, provincially 4 – 79% of patients travel for HCT based on their location (see table below). Conclusions: This study highlights the need to better support HCT patients in Ontario. As a result, a proposal to support accommodations for HCT patients was developed and approved by the Ontario government for implementation in 2018/19.[Table: see text]
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Wood, Valerie M., and Lobna Chérif. "Resilience-based curriculum for Canadian Military Colleges: An environmental scan and literature review." Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0057.
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LAY SUMMARY There is a growing need to recognize resilience as an acquired skill for graduates in higher education, such as universities and colleges, particularly for those entering demanding occupations like the military. To help the administrators of Canada’s Military Colleges (CMCs) make decisions about the development and implementation of resilience programs, the authors carried out a review of current resilience education programs within Ontario universities and the U.S. Federal Service Agencies (U.S. FSAs). Findings showed that only seven Ontario Universities and two U.S. FSAs offered resilience education, with none of these programs having any published scientific reports of their effectiveness (how well they work to improve resilience). This article offers recommendations for CMC administrators to use to build resilience education for Canadian officer and naval cadets.
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Wood, Valerie M., and Lobna Chérif. "Resilience-based curriculum for Canadian Military Colleges: An environmental scan and literature review." Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0057.
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LAY SUMMARY There is a growing need to recognize resilience as an acquired skill for graduates in higher education, such as universities and colleges, particularly for those entering demanding occupations like the military. To help the administrators of Canada’s Military Colleges (CMCs) make decisions about the development and implementation of resilience programs, the authors carried out a review of current resilience education programs within Ontario universities and the U.S. Federal Service Agencies (U.S. FSAs). Findings showed that only seven Ontario Universities and two U.S. FSAs offered resilience education, with none of these programs having any published scientific reports of their effectiveness (how well they work to improve resilience). This article offers recommendations for CMC administrators to use to build resilience education for Canadian officer and naval cadets.
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Forsyth, Robert G., Michael J. Oldham, Eric Snyder, Frederick W. Schueler, and Ross Layberry. "Forty years later: distribution of the introduced Heath Snail, Xerolenta obvia, in Ontario, Canada (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hygromiidae)." Check List 11, no. 4 (August 7, 2015): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.4.1711.
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Xerolenta obvia is a Central European land snail that is introduced to Ontario, Canada, where it was first recorded in the literature in 1975 from a single population at Bethany (City of Kawartha Lakes). Over the four decades since that publication, additional records have been found clustered near Bethany, within the City of Kawartha Lakes, and in neighbouring Peterborough County and the Regional Municipality of Durham. Two distant sites are also now known, one in rural Ottawa (southeastern Ontario), and one at Windsor, Essex County (southwestern Ontario).
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Crawford, David S. "The Ontario Medical Library Association 1887–1907." Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association / Journal de l'Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5596/c07-012.
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In the 19th century it was difficult for the growing number of medical practitioners in North America to access current medical literature. Various ways were suggested to solve this problem; one of them was the creation of physician-run medical library associations. After other failed attempts, Ontario physicians formed the Ontario Medical Library Association (OMLA) in 1887. In 1907 the OMLA became the nucleus of the Academy of Medicine, Toronto.
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Kassam, Meenaz. "Religious Discourse in Nineteenth-century Ontario." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 43, no. 2 (May 20, 2014): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429814526140.
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Max Weber’s ethos of work was not an integral part of the pre-industrial culture of Ontario. It had to be inculcated to encourage the formation of a culture conducive to the industrial era. This article examines the formative role of religious discourse in fostering just such a work ethic by considering sermons, diaries, manuscripts, and other publications preserved in the archives of Anglican, Presbyterian, and United (Methodist) churches. It also analyzes denominational literature, which played an important role in shaping the popular culture in an industrializing Ontario (1885–1910). Alternative voices, which challenged the nascent ethos of industrialization, are also examined. This article finds that values promoting an emerging industrial order were prominent in sermons of the era, which often dealt with issues of social control, justification of social inequities, and the development of an appropriate work ethic.
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Congreves, Katelyn A., Jillian M. Smith, Deanna D. Németh, David C. Hooker, and Laura L. Van Eerd. "Soil organic carbon and land use: Processes and potential in Ontario’s long-term agro-ecosystem research sites." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, no. 3 (August 2014): 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-094.
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Congreves, K. A., Smith, J. M., Németh, D. D., Hooker, D. C. and Van Eerd, L. L. 2014. Soil organic carbon and land use: Processes and potential in Ontario’s long-term agro-ecosystem research sites. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 317–336. Soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial for maintaining a productive agro-ecosystem. Long-term research must be synthesized to understand the effects of land management on SOC storage and to develop best practices to prevent soil degradation. Therefore, this review compiled an inventory of long-term Ontario studies and assessed SOC storage under common Ontario land management regimes via a meta-analysis and literature review. In general, greater SOC storage occurred in no-till (NT) vs. tillage systems, in crop rotation vs. continuous corn, and in N fertilizer vs. no N fertilizer systems; however, soil texture and perhaps drainage class may determine the effects of tillage. The effect on SOC storage was variable when deeper soil depth ranges (0–45 cm) were considered for NT and rotational cropping, which suggests an unpredictable effect of land management on SOC at depths below the plough layer. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to use the presented inventory of nine long-term research sites and 18 active experiments in Ontario to pursue coordinated studies of long-term land management on SOC at depths extending below the plough layer.
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Hornby, Richard. "The Stratford Festival, Ontario, Canada." Hudson Review 43, no. 4 (1991): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3852195.
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McDiarmid, Mary, and Michael Thomas Lam. "Librarian Support for Researchers in Ontario Hospitals." Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association / Journal de l'Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada 39, no. 2 (July 24, 2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/jchla29358.
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Introduction This study investigates the extent to which Ontario hospital librarians and library resources support researchers and describe the librarians' participation in research capacity building within their institutions. Methods A 16-question SurveyMonkey™ web-based survey questionnaire was disseminated via email to 53 potential participants consisted of library directors, managers and solo librarians. Results The response rate was 60%. The number of researchers supported by librarians ranged from 10 or less to 76 or more researchers in the past 10 months. Librarians supported a variety of scholarly research outputs, assisting researchers with journal articles being the most frequently supported activity. The top three library resources used to support researchers were licensed electronic journals, print collections and expert librarian searches. One of the reported ways librarians received training to better assist researchers was via online continuing education.Discussion As others have reported, there was a predominance of support for literature studies including literature reviews and systematic reviews. Surprisingly, some librarians reported that they had all the databases or resources they needed to support research, while an alarming 79 per cent of respondents reported not having access to all the databases and resources they needed. Lack of access to databases or online resources may have a negative effect on the quality of research the librarians provided. Raising the awareness of the role of the librarian in supporting researchers in the hospital setting can inform the health sciences librarians' professional practices and provide evidence of the library's participation in the research capacity building of the organization.
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Hassan, Haider M., Zi-Hua Jiang, Tarannum A. Syed, and Wensheng Qin. "Review: Northern Ontario medicinal plants." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92, no. 5 (September 2012): 815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-006.
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Hassan, H. M., Jiang, Z.-H., Syed, T. A. and Qin, W. 2012. Review: Northern Ontario medicinal plants. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 815–828. The majority of scholarly investigations conducted in the 20th century have provided the incentive for establishing plants as sources of diverse phytochemicals. With infectious and cancerous diseases causing millions of mortalities worldwide, and the advent of resistant strains, the discovery of new antimicrobial and anticancer agents is crucial. Hence, included in this review is a novel list of 48 northern Ontario medicinal plants that may be sources of antifungal, antibacterial and/or anticancer phytochemicals. A total of two ferns and allied plants, two sedges and grasses, six trees, four shrubs, one vine and 33 herbs were identified. These plants were accumulated through interviews with native Elders and a survey of ethnobotanical literature on northern Canadian species of medicinal plants. We also present a critical review of their potential constituents, medicinal properties, and analysis of four promising plants (skullcaps, devil's club, St. John's wort and evergreens). Skullcaps and St. John's wort are model plants with documented anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal bioactivities. However, a considerable gap in ethnopharmacological data was found for species of skullcaps (Scutellaria galericulata, S. parvula and S. lateriflora) and St. John's wort (Hypericum mutilum, H. majus, H. canadense) growing in northern Ontario. These findings provide promising incentives in the ethnopharmacological community for medicinal research in this region.
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Shirriff, Katherine, Krishna Bahadur KC, and Aaron Berg. "Evaluation of Agrobiodiversity and Cover Crop Adoption in Southern Ontario Field Crops." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020415.
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Incorporating cover crops into corn and soybean operations across Southern Ontario is essential for maintaining yields under environmental stressors. Unfortunately, amongst the literature, there is a concern about the low adoption rate of cover crops in the northern Corn Belt due to a shift toward low agrobiodiversity and dominance of more profitable corn and soybean cropping systems, encouraged by extensive use of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. This study examines whether Southern Ontario is following suit in decreasing agrobiodiversity trends, at the county level, and examines the adoption of cover crops within corn and soybean operations across Southern Ontario using digital imagery from 2013 to 2018. Results reveal that Southern Ontario is indeed shifting from systems characterized by higher agrobiodiversity to systems dominated with corn, soybean, and hay. Despite the benefits of cover crops, this study reveals that most of the current corn and soybean operations are not incorporating cover crops into the rotation. More significantly, the low adoption of cover crops is most apparent in southwestern Ontario, and increases in adoption occur toward the north.
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Vu, Kathy, David Warr, Leta Marie Forbes, Daniela Gallo-Hershberg, Carlo DeAngelis, Stephanie Yasmin Brule, Dayna Comfort, Lisa Randall, Julie Williams, and Sarah Salama. "From guidelines to practice: Patient-focused and evidence-informed update of antiemetic recommendations in Ontario." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.39.
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39 Background: Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) last updated their guidance for the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in 2013. Since then, new evidence emerged which changed antiemetic recommendations internationally. The CCO Antiemetic Working Group reviewed the current literature and updated existing recommendations for the prevention and management of CINV in adult patients. Methods: Ontario subject matter experts consisting of oncologists, pharmacists and nurses formed the Group. Relevant guidelines published from prominent jurisdictions were assessed. A literature search was done to incorporate the latest evidence. All chemotherapy regimens in the CCO Drug Formulary were reviewed. Ontario Cancer Leads for each disease site were consulted to ensure emetic classifications for all regimens and antiemetic recommendations reflected both the evidence (including gaps in the literature) and clinical practice (including gaps between evidence and practice). Results: Recommendations for antiemetic agents for highly, moderately, low and minimal emetic risk intravenous and oral chemotherapy are outlined. Chemotherapy regimens in the CCO Drug Formulary were reviewed and emetic risks updated. Recommendations differed from those of major international guidelines (including ASCO) around olanzapine dosing, cannabinoids and emetic risk classification. Conclusions: A systematic approach to updating antiemetic recommendations resulted in evidence-informed recommendations that are patient-focused and clinically feasible.
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Karrow, Paul F. "Algonquin-Nipissing Shorelines, North Bay, Ontario." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 58, no. 2-3 (July 18, 2006): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013144ar.
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Abstract The general extent, outlet location at North Bay, and shoreline tilt pattern of glacial Lake Algonquin were established by Spencer, Gilbert, Taylor, and Goldthwait about a century ago. Chapman and Harrison in the mid 1900s identified several eastward outlets and suggested correlations to named water planes as retreating ice lowered Algonquin levels. The present work supplements the meagre available North Bay shoreline elevation data with about 30 new points. Probable Cedar Point, Payette, Sheguiandah, and Korah shorelines are identified; several lower levels have no known outlets. Algonquin shoreline tilts are about 1.4 metres per kilometre. Using Nipissing shoreline elevations for correlation, North Bay data are compared with Sudbury data, showing closely similar trends, but with offsets of Algonquin shorelines probably attributable to errors from 120‑kilometre-long projections and 5 000‑year changes in uplift pattern. Of 24 radiocarbon dates compiled from the literature, 16 are on gyttja. Some of these incorporate old carbon error and require further testing with dates on terrestrial plant macrofossils. Available data remain sparse and require more basic mapping to improve ice-margin/shoreline correlations near the outlet area.
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Boudreau, Françoise, and Philip Lambert. "Compulsory Community Treatment? I. Ontario Stakeholders' Responses to “Helping those Who Won't Help Themselves”." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 12, no. 1 (April 1, 1993): 57–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1993-0004.
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This paper explores the highly controversial issue of compulsory treatment of allegedly mentally disordered persons within the community. In light of American literature on the subject, we examine and contrast the positions and arguments of a variety of Ontario stakeholders. This is done through content analysis of 224 submissions to the Ontario Ministry of Health in response to its “Discussion Paper Towards Community Mental Health Services Legislation of January 1990” which addresses the specific question: “Should the legislation include provisions for out-patient commitment/compulsory community treatment?” Our purpose in this paper is not to determine the desirability or undesirability of compulsory community treatment (CCT) as such, but to examine Ontario positions as a first and necessary step in the process of acquiring perspective on the issue.
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Hunt, Cindy, Alicja Michalak, Donna Ouchterlony, Shawn Marshall, Cheryl Masanic, Chantal Vaidyanath, Shree Bhalerao, et al. "Common Data Elements for Concussion in Tertiary Care: Phase One in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 44, no. 6 (August 30, 2017): 676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2017.222.
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AbstractBackground:Standardized data collection for traumatic brain injury (TBI) (including concussion) using common data elements (CDEs) has strengthened clinical care and research capacity in the United States and Europe. Currently, Ontario healthcare providers do not collect uniform data on adult patients diagnosed with concussion.Objective:The Ontario Concussion Care Strategy (OCCS) is a collaborative network of multidisciplinary healthcare providers, brain injury advocacy groups, patient representatives, and researchers with a shared vision to improve concussion care across the province, starting with the collection of standardized data.Methods:The International Framework of Functioning Disability and Health was selected as the conceptual framework to inform the selection of CDEs. The CDEs recommended by the OCCS were identified using key literature, including the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke–Zurich Consensus Statements for concussion in sport and the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation Concussion/mTBI clinical guidelines.Results:The OCCS has recommended and piloted CDEs for Ontario that are readily available at no cost, clinically relevant, patient friendly, easy to interpret, and recognized by the international scientific community.Conclusions:The implementation of CDEs can help to shift Ontario toward internationally recognized standard data collection, and in so doing yield a more comprehensive evidence-based approach to care while also supporting rigorous research.
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Mount, Graeme S., and Edelgard E. Mahant. "Review of Recent Literature on Canadian-Latin American Relations." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 27, no. 2 (1985): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165721.
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In 1976, Macmillan of Canada published the first recent book-length study of Canadian-Latin American relations, Gringos from the Far North: Essays in the History of Canadian-Latin American Relations, 1866-1968, by Professor J.C.M. Ogelsby of the University of Western Ontario (1976a). Ogelsby deals with interactions between the residents of Canada and those of the Latin American republics – diplomatic, trade, business and religious relations; he includes subjects such as the emigration of Canadian Mennonites to South America. Ogelsby, who consulted Canadian and Spanish-American archives and travelled to the scenes of many of the events he describes, sets a standard for others in the field.
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Ullah, Irfan, Muhammad Akram Soomro, and Mudassar Zulfiqar. "A Review of Archaeological Reports and Literature on the Gandhara Sculpture Collection of the Royal Ontario Museum." Academic Journal of Social Sciences (AJSS ) 4, no. 3 (November 11, 2020): 377–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ajss.2020.04031212.
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This review paper focuses on a forty-three-piece collection of Gandhara sculpture in the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada. Although individual pieces of Gandhara sculpture are widely known to scholars, much of the collection of the Gandhara sculpture of the Royal Ontario Museum is unknown to scholars. In this paper, these sculptures have been described and analysed as a collection. The paper is organised on Gandhara ancient history, physical geography, and the history of the Buddha image in ancient subcontinent Pakistan in South Asia. Emphasis is placed on the era of the Kushan Empire from the 1st to 4th century AD when the school of Gandhara sculpture achieved its highest levels of production and craftsmanship. The Gandhara School of sculpture produced work continuously for at least six centuries and reached its peak of achievement during the era of the Kushan Empire that dominated Central Asia and Northern sub-continent India-Pakistan from the 1st to 4th centuries AD.
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Sutton, Tara. "Income inequality and support for redistributive policies in Ontario: Who gets what, where, how, and who cares?" SURG Journal 9, no. 1 (April 9, 2017): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v9i1.3804.
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Income inequality has risen steadily in Canada over the last three decades, and particularly in Ontario, where it has grown at a faster rate. While the public response to this growth remains unclear, policy responses to address the issue have largely failed. To date, the literature remains divided as to the nature of the relationship between income inequality and support for redistributive policies such as welfare spending. This article argues, however, that where a relationship exists between income inequality and public support for welfare spending, it is a negative one. This negative relationship is in part due to perceptions of deservingness and factors explained by institutionalism. Even if support for governmental action to address income inequality is considerable both in Ontario and in the rest of Canada, support for governmental welfare spending is low. These findings point toward a public that is largely unresponsive to the problem of growing income inequality in Ontario. The results have implications for the development of policies to address inequality effectively, both in Ontario and in the rest of Canada.
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Liston, William T. "Review: Play: Shakespeare at the Stratford Festival, Ontario, 1997." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 52, no. 1 (October 1997): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/018476789705200124.
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Zwicker, Victoria, Katharina Forster, Angelika Gollnow, Amy Liu, Jingxian Sun, Reena Tabing, Ashley Tyrrell, Sara Urowitz, and Kirsten Wentlandt. "Concordance with the ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion on the integration of palliative care into standard oncology care in Ontario." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 29_suppl (October 10, 2015): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.29_suppl.170.
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170 Background: In 2012, ASCO released a Provisional Clinical Opinion for patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the need for integration of palliative care services concurrent with standard treatment from the time of diagnosis. To understand if this recommendation is being followed in Ontario, provincial administrative data was used to explore concordance. Methods: Various aspects of concordance were considered including: whether and when in the treatment trajectory patients received palliative care, and how much care was received. For Phase 1 of the analysis, a provincial database of outpatient cancer care was used to identify services received within Ontario’s regional cancer centers (RCCs) and select partner hospitals. The Ontario Cancer Registry and Staging databases were used to identify the patient cohort. The cohort included patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013. Results: Phase 1 results indicate that 41% of patients received palliative and/or psychosocial oncology care at the RCC or partner hospital after diagnosis. Those receiving palliative care first received services an average of 148 days after diagnosis. See Table below for detailed results. Conclusions: A growing body of literature has identified the benefits of concurrent palliative care. Knowing whether these services are being provided for the NSCLC population is a promising start to understanding and improving the delivery of palliative care in Ontario. Initial results suggest that there is a need for quality improvement in this area. Future phases will expand the analysis to include services received in additional settings such as hospitals and community. [Table: see text]
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Gadanidis, George, Ricardo Scucuglia Rodrigues da Silva, Janette Hughes, Steven Floyd, and Immaculate Namukasa. "Computational Literacy & Mathematics Education." Revista Internacional de Pesquisa em Educação Matemática 12, no. 4 (November 19, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37001/ripem.v12i4.3144.
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Computer programming has permeated many fields as a tool to model phenomena and processes and to make new discoveries. Curricula in many jurisdictions have been revised to use computer languages across K-12, and in some cases in mathematics education. The literature suggests that while digital media in mathematics education can be used as tools that serve our purposes, they also serve to reorganize knowledge. This paper investigates the interactions among computer programming and mathematics teaching and learning. Our data sources are a) Ontario curriculum documents, b) resources developed by our team in Ontario and in Brazil, and c) our research in Ontario and Brazil. diSessa’s idea of computational literacy serves as a theoretical framework and as an analytical lens for conceptualizing how the integration of computer programming may alter the structure and experience of school mathematics.
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May, Paul. "The Controversy over Religious Arbitration Tribunals in Ontario: Unspoken Identity-Based Justifications?" World Political Science 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/wps-2016-0001.
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AbstractThis article deals with the 2002–2005 controversy over faith-based arbitration tribunals in Ontario. It seeks to contribute to the existing literature on the question by looking at new empirical sources. The analysis focuses specifically on the public discourse of social actors who opposed the creation of arbitration tribunals for Christians, Jews and Muslims. The majority of those who opposed arbitration tribunals did not formulate their position in terms of an opposition between religion and feminist values. Rather, they focused their arguments on the danger of Islam, which they perceived as an oppressive and alien religion. The controversy over religious arbitration becomes a way to claim a Western, secular and Judeo-Christian Canadian identity. From this perspective, the Ontarian controversy can be likened to European debates on Islam that have emerged over the last decade (e.g. caricatures of Muhammad in Denmark, minarets in Switzerland and the burqa ban in Belgium).
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Farra, Marta Dal. "A ‘SafavidCadabi’ in the Royal Ontario Museum reconsidered." Iranian Studies 25, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210869208701770.
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Dickinson, W. T., and D. R. Green. "Characteristics of sediment loads in Ontario streams." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 6 (December 1, 1988): 1067–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-139.
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This study has involved a literature review and data analysis regarding suspended stream sediments in southern Ontario, highlighting knowledge and identifying gaps with reference to stream loadings, seasonal and areal variability, extreme events, sources of sediments, and sediment and water quality. The quantity of sediment transported in Ontario streams is generally not of major proportion or of major significance. Daily loads follow a distinctive seasonal pattern, the bulk being transported during the spring period; and sediment transport in the province is an event-oriented process, a large percentage of the load moving in a small percentage of time. Extreme events transport a significant portion of the total suspended load, but so also do annual peak events. The bulk of the load emanates from sheet and rill erosion in cropland areas, and areal variability in loads can be related to land use and surface soil conditions. Suspended sediment has been documented to be both a pollutant carrier or source of contamination and a sink or trap for pollutants such as phosphorus, organic compounds, pesticides, and heavy metals. Key words: suspended sediment, loads, temporal patterns, areal variability, extreme values, sources.
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Milkovich, John, Tim Hanna, Carolyn Nessim, Teresa M. Petrella, Louis Weatherhead, An-Wen Chan, Jonathan C. Irish, et al. "Restructuring Skin Cancer Care in Ontario: A Provincial Plan." Current Oncology 28, no. 2 (March 12, 2021): 1183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28020114.
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There is a global rise in skin cancer incidence, resulting in an increase in patient care needs and healthcare costs. To optimize health care planning, costs, and patient care, Ontario Health developed a provincial skin cancer plan to streamline the quality of care. We conducted a systematic review and a grey literature search to evaluate the definitions and management of skin cancer within other jurisdictions, as well as a provincial survey of skin cancer care practices, to identify care gaps. The systematic review did not identify any published comprehensive skin cancer management plans. The grey literature search revealed skin cancer plans in isolated regions of the United Kingdom (U.K.), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for skin cancer quality indicators and regional skin cancer biopsy clinics, and wait time guidelines in Australia and the U.K. With the input of the Ontario Cancer Advisory Committee (CAC), unique definitions for complex and non-complex skin cancers and the appropriate cancer services were created. A provincial survey of skin cancer care yielded 44 responses and demonstrated gaps in biopsy access. A skin cancer pathway map was created and a recommendation was made for regional skin cancer biopsy clinics. We have created unique definitions for complex and non-complex skin cancer and a skin cancer pathways map, which will allow for the implementation of both process and performance metrics to address identified gaps in care.
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Salvatori, Penny, Renee Williams, Helene Polatajko, and Joyce Mackinnon. "The Manpower Shortage in Occupational Therapy: Implications for Ontario." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 59, no. 1 (April 1992): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841749205900106.
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A consistently increasing imbalance between the supply of and demand for occupational therapists has led to a critical manpower shortage in occupational therapy. Based on a review of various government reports and related literature, this paper provides an overview of the extent of this manpower problem, identifies factors affecting retention and attrition of occupational therapists and discusses strategies to improve retention and reduce attrition. To address the supply-demand imbalance, recommendations in relation to education, employment, immigration and service delivery for the occupational therapy profession in Ontario are proposed.
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Langer, Sarah V., Kathryn A. Vezsenyi, Danielle de Carle, David V. Beresford, and Sebastian Kvist. "Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) from the far north of Ontario: distribution, diversity, and diagnostics." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 2 (February 2018): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0078.
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Leeches have a worldwide distribution, yet numerous geographical regions remain to be adequately surveyed. Here, we present leech species records for one of these regions: the far north of Ontario, Canada. This region is primarily wetland habitat and includes two of Ontario’s three ecozones. Morphological examinations, as well as a single instance of successful DNA amplification with subsequent molecular identification, allowed us to identify representatives of 12 species from two predatory families (Erpobdellidae and Haemopidae) and one parasitic family (Glossiphoniidae) among samples of 130 individuals. To provide a more inclusive list of species records for this remote region, our data were also augmented by 25 largely unpublished collection records (for 102 individuals) from the Canadian Museum of Nature, which revealed the presence of an additional species. We comment on finds of particular interest in our sampling with comparison to relevant literature and provide new distribution data for these species.
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Tinmouth, J., A. Paramalingam, A. Bellini, M. Cotterchio, E. Dekker, R. Doctorow, C. Hassan, et al. "A63 REFINING THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF GASTROENTEROLOGY GUIDELINE ON SCREENING IN PERSONS WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF NONHEREDITARY COLORECTAL CANCER OR ADENOMA: A MODIFIED DELPHI PROCESS." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.061.
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Abstract Background In 2018, the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) published an extensive systematic review and guideline on screening in persons with a family history (FHx) of nonhereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma. While CAG’s recommendations were evidence-based, some recommendations lacked precision (e.g. ranges for some start ages & intervals) and screening cessation age was not addressed, leading to implementation challenges for practitioners and CRC screening programs. Aims To review and update the evidence since the 2018 guideline and to formulate implementable recommendations in the Ontario context that are aligned with the CAG guideline. Methods ColonCancerCheck (Ontario’s organized CRC screening program) conducted a modified version of the literature search used by CAG (Jan 2017 - Sept 2019). A 19-member expert panel with Canadian and international representatives from endoscopy, primary care, epidemiology, organized CRC screening programs, Ontario’s cancer system and the general public refined the recommendations of the CAG guideline for the purposes of implementation in an organized CRC screening program using a modified Delphi process. This iterative process involved a series of webinars and anonymous survey rounds where the panel reviewed evidence materials and provided online feedback to develop, refine & achieve consensus on screening recommendations in persons with a FHx of CRC/adenoma. Consensus was achieved if ≥75% of members agreed or strongly agreed with the statement. Results Six new systematic reviews and 2 new guidelines were identified. New evidence included data on the absolute risk (10 year & lifetime risk) of CRC by type of FHx, as well as the performance of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and barriers to CRC screening in persons with a FHx of CRC. The expert panel participated in 3 webinars and 4 online surveys to arrive at consensus. Panel recommendations and level of consensus will be reported for the 6 statements (Table). Conclusions Building from the CAG guideline, we derived evidence-based and implementable recommendations for screening persons with a FHx of CRC or adenoma. Funding Agencies Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario)
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Isabel, S., RR Higgins, A. Peci, S. L. Deeks, and JB Gubbay. "Rotavirus Genotypes Circulating in Ontario, Canada, Before and After the Implementation of the Immunization Program, 2010-2013." Paediatrics & Child Health 21, Supplement_5 (June 1, 2016): e71c-e72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/21.supp5.e71c.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Rotavirus A is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children and a significant cause of death worldwide. Rotavirus shows an impressive genetic diversity and its epidemiological surveillance is typically conducted with a binary genotyping system using two major outer capsid antigenic protein genes: G (VP7 gene) and P (VP4 gene). Ontario introduced a publicly funded vaccination program for two and four month old infants for rotavirus in August 2011, using Rotarix® (GlaxoSmithKline), a live monovalent oral vaccine which contains an attenuated G1P[8] strain. Rotavirus vaccination has diminished the magnitude of rotavirus seasons in many countries but it is unclear if it will contribute to selective pressure and increase the prevalence of other genotypes. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to describe circulating rotavirus genotypes before and after the implementation of Ontario’s immunization program. We monitored the potential change in relative proportions and emergence of rotavirus genotypes in Ontario after vaccination-program implementation. DESIGN/METHODS: Rotavirus detection was conducted at a public health laboratory using electronic microscopy, immunochromatographic testing, and/or laboratory developed multiplex rRT-PCR. A convenience sample of rotavirus positive stool specimens collected in children and adults in Ontario from September 2010 to June 2013 were genotyped using heminested genotyping multiplex PCR. We also searched Pubmed in November 2015 for articles published on rotavirus G10 since 2008. RESULTS: Of the 332 stool specimens collected, we found a decrease in the number of rotavirus positive specimens available for genotyping in the 23 month period post-vaccination (128 specimens) compared to the 11 month period pre-vaccination (204 specimens) in Ontario. We also found an increase in the proportion of genotype G10 in the post-vaccination period (37/128 = 29%) compared to the pre-vaccination period (11/204 = 5%). These G10 specimens originated from different regions of Ontario. Our literature review estimated that only approximately two hundred G10-positive human stool samples were reported from 14 different countries worldwide since 2008. CONCLUSION: Our study showed a decrease in the number of rotavi-rus positive convenience samples after vaccination-program implementation. We also found an unexpected increase of the proportion of rotavirus G10 after the introduction of the immunization program. Genotype G10 is uncommon in human and vaccine effectiveness for this genotype is unclear.Ongoing monitoring of rotavirus prevalence and circulating genotypes is important to study the long-term effect of vaccination and evaluate if this increase in proportion of genotype G10 is representative or persists in Ontario, or is present in other Canadian provinces or countries.
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Cheng, Siu Mee. "Study of the Local Health Integration Network: impact of Ontario’s Regionalization Policy." Journal of Integrated Care 26, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-02-2018-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to undertake an examination of the Local Health Integration Network (LHIN) Health Policy proposal. This policy established a decentralized approach to health system management in the province of Ontario, Canada by creating 14 crown agencies, LHINs. Design/methodology/approach This policy is examined against the five policy stages of the Stages Model: agenda setting, formulation, legitimation, implementation and evaluation. The examination was based on a review of grey literature, including key government reports and briefs. Findings This policy did not follow the Stages Model sequentially: the policy was implemented while it was still undergoing its legitimacy phase. Formal reviews were undertaken following implementation and found areas for improvement: poor integration amongst all the LHINs; poor patient navigation persists; LHINs lack the capacity and competency to engage in regional capacity planning; and planning and integration is not centered around patient needs. As a result, a decade after the introduction of LHINs, the Ontario HealthCare System has not achieved systems improvement when measured against accepted government indicators of performance. Originality/value This integration policy highlights the context and evolution of Ontario’s healthcare system governance in the past decade and contributes to the body of knowledge on the impact of regionalization on health systems and patient care.
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Zwicker, Victoria, Sandy Buchman, Denise Marshall, and Sara Urowitz. "Identifying targets for outpatient palliative care wait times in Ontario." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2014): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.258.
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258 Background: A wait time indicator is being developed for outpatient palliative care services for cancer patients in Ontario. Once developed, this indicator will become the first palliative performance measure for Regional Cancer Centres (RCCs) across the province. The wait time indicator will serve as one measure of accessibility, a key dimension of health care quality. However, in order to create this indicator, it is first necessary to identify targets against which current performance can be compared. Methods: A systematic review of the academic literature was conducted to a) identify existing palliative care wait time standards, and b) to gather evidence on how delays in care impact patient outcomes. An environmental scan was also conducted to identify wait time standards and benchmarks used in other Canadian provinces or territories. In addition, existing palliative care triaging tools and wait time standards from Ontario RCCs were collected. A consensus panel comprised of palliative clinicians, patient and family advisors, and administrators was convened to articulate a maximum acceptable wait time and a provincial target for the percentage of patients who should be seen within the maximum acceptable wait time. Results: The environmental scan and literature review found no existing standards or benchmarks for outpatient palliative care services. However, there are a number of triaging tools and wait time standards in use at Ontario RCCs for these services. Taking these tools and standards into consideration, the consensus panel identified a wait time benchmark and a provincial target for Ontario RCCs. Conclusions: This foundational work will help to highlight gaps and variation in timely access to palliative care services in Ontario. The benchmarks and targets identified through this process as well as the methods used can be useful for other jurisdictions seeking to measure and improve wait times for these services. Next steps include ensuring that data is of sufficient quality, identifying incremental improvement targets for the province based on current performance, and further refining the implementation of a palliative care wait time indicator for quality improvement.
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Crespo, Andrea, Lourdes Abella, Tara D. Baetz, Daniela Gallo-Hershberg, Nita Lakhani, Natasha B. Leighl, Mark Pasetka, Lesley Seymour, Kathy Vu, and Leta Marie Forbes. "Developing a standard approach to immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity management in Ontario." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2018): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.255.
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255 Background: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitor medications (ICIs) in the province of Ontario, Canada has increased in volume by almost 4 fold between 2015/16 to 2017/18 and has expanded from use primarily in melanoma to lung, genitourinary, and other cancers. Lack of widespread clinical experience with ICIs and provincial variation in the management of the potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) was identified as a safety and quality gap. Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) set out to develop user-friendly health care provider and patient resources to facilitate a standard approach to ICI toxicity management in Ontario. Methods: A multidisciplinary working group of oncology clinicians with ICI experience reviewed available literature and current approaches to ICI toxicity management. An iterative consensus-building process was used to develop a practical guideline. This was circulated to an external expert review panel for content validity. Complementary patient/caregiver information was created based on best practices in health literacy and input from patient and family advisors. All resources were made publicly available via the CCO website and disseminated broadly to relevant stakeholders. Results: A user-friendly clinical practice guideline was created. It contains a description of irAEs associated with ICIs, guidance on the general management of irAEs, detailed algorithms describing the assessment and management of ten specific irAEs, and general considerations for patients on ICIs. A toolkit was developed with direct links to the algorithms, a customizable wallet card, a “Dear Healthcare Professional” letter template, and a patient information sheet. The guideline and toolkit webpages were accessed over 1500 times in the first month, suggesting that broad dissemination has been successful. Informal reports of guideline implementation were received from several Ontario hospitals. Conclusions: Careful analysis of the available literature and application of oncology professionals’ expertise resulted in evidence-informed, consensus-based practical resources to help facilitate safe, standardized ICI toxicity management across the Ontario health care system.
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Webber, Michelle, and Jonah Butovsky. "Faculty Associations Confront Accountability Governance in Ontario Universities." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 48, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v48i3.188107.
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Much literature focusing on the academy is concerned with the spread of neo-liberalism into the university sector. We argue that universities in Canada are operating in an era of “accountability governance,” with ideologies, discourses, and practices centred on quality, accountability, and efficiency. We explore the interplay between accountability governance as a regime of power and the work of faculty associations, especially as they strive to preserve faculty members’ professional autonomy and control over their academic work. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with executive members of several Ontario university faculty associations, we explore themes of neo-liberalization and corporatization of the university, shrinking faculty budgets, program reviews, and strategic mandates. While opportunities for action and resistance for faculty unions arise, particularly at the level of senate, more militancy and radicalism are not favoured by many members, as political action is often seen as “unprofessional.”
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Webber, Michelle, and Jonah Butovsky. "Faculty Associations Confront Accountability Governance in Ontario Universities." Articles 48, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1057134ar.
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Much literature focusing on the academy is concerned with the spread of neo-liberalism into the university sector. We argue that universities in Canada are operating in an era of “accountability governance,” with ideologies, discourses, and practices centred on quality, accountability, and efficiency. We explore the interplay between accountability governance as a regime of power and the work of faculty associations, especially as they strive to preserve faculty members’ professional autonomy and control over their academic work. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with executive members of several Ontario university faculty associations, we explore themes of neo-liberalization and corporatization of the university, shrinking faculty budgets, program reviews, and strategic mandates. While opportunities for action and resistance for faculty unions arise, particularly at the level of senate, more militancy and radicalism are not favoured by many members, as political action is often seen as “unprofessional.”
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Darby, W. R., and L. S. Duquette. "Woodland caribou and forestry in Northern Ontario, Canada." Rangifer 6, no. 2 (June 1, 1986): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.6.2.587.
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Expansion of logging in remote Ontario boreal forest requires mitigation of effects on woodland caribou. Three examples of caribou-forestry interaction are reviewed. In two, caribou were apparently displaced from peripheral portions of their winter range by logging. In the third, caribou disappeared when exposed to: logging in a central third of their winter range; increased deer density, and; a probable increase in predation. In all cases there is no evidence of human harvest. The literature plus experience in Ontario suggest the following mitigative techniques: protection of winter concentration areas, significant calving areas and traditional migration routes from logging; directing timber harvest to forest stands of least value to caribou; restricting disturbance to one large clearcut in a peripheral portion of range rather than dispersing it over a large portion as several small clearcuts; modified site preparation and regeneration, and; restricted road access. Research is required on the effect of forestry on caribou with and without mitigation, and on causes for effects observed.
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Ter-Mikaelian, Michael T., Stephen J. Colombo, and Jiaxin Chen. "Fact and fantasy about forest carbon." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84166-2.
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The Boreal Campaign initiated by environmental non-governmental organizations has resulted in a number of public statements about detrimental effects of harvesting on boreal forest carbon stocks. These statements are examined in the context of Ontario’s boreal forest. A review of scientific literature and the results of the authors’ original work on forest carbon demonstrate that these statements are based on either incomplete or inaccurate use of published scientific information. We conclude that forest management in Ontario, as governed by the Crown Forest Sustainability Act, increases total boreal forest carbon stock over the long term and that these conclusions are likely applicable to other jurisdictions where boreal forests are managed sustainably. Key words: boreal forest, carbon stocks, wood products, forest harvest
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Liston, William T. "Review: Play: Shakespeare at the Stratford Festival, Ontario, 1994, Othello." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 47, no. 1 (April 1995): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/018476789504700112.
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Liston, William T. "Review: Play: Shakespeare at the Stratford Festival, Ontario, 1995, Macbeth." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 48, no. 1 (October 1995): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/018476789504800122.
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Brackstone, Muriel, Fulvia G. Baldassarre, Francisco E. Perera, Tulin Cil, Mariana Chavez Mac Gregor, Ian S. Dayes, Jay Engel, et al. "Management of the Axilla in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) and ASCO Guideline." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 27 (September 20, 2021): 3056–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.21.00934.
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PURPOSE To provide recommendations on the best strategies for the management and on the best timing and treatment (surgical and radiotherapeutic) of the axilla for patients with early-stage breast cancer. METHODS Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) and ASCO convened a Working Group and Expert Panel to develop evidence-based recommendations informed by a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS This guideline endorsed two recommendations of the ASCO 2017 guideline for the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer and expanded on that guideline with recommendations for radiotherapy interventions, timing of staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and mapping modalities. Overall, the ASCO 2017 guideline, seven high-quality systematic reviews, 54 unique studies, and 65 corollary trials formed the evidentiary basis of this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendations are issued for each of the objectives of this guideline: (1) To determine which patients with early-stage breast cancer require axillary staging, (2) to determine whether any further axillary treatment is indicated for women with early-stage breast cancer who did not receive NAC and are sentinel lymph node–negative at diagnosis, (3) to determine which axillary strategy is indicated for women with early-stage breast cancer who did not receive NAC and are pathologically sentinel lymph node–positive at diagnosis (after a clinically node-negative presentation), (4) to determine what axillary treatment is indicated and what the best timing of axillary treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer is when NAC is used, and (5) to determine which are the best methods for identifying sentinel nodes. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines .
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Aubin, Danielle, Nancy Lightfoot, Alain P. Gauthier, Daniel Côté, and Victoria Arrandale. "Underground workers who received aluminum dust prophylaxis and its personal impact." Diversity of Research in Health Journal 4, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.28984/drhj.v4i1.314.
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Background
From 1943 to 1980, some underground gold and uranium workers in Ontario, Canada were required to inhale aluminum dust daily for silicosis prevention. This study explored the perceived personal impact of aluminum dust exposure for some Northeastern Ontario workers.
Methods
This qualitative descriptive study included 16 respondents who participated in individual semi-structured interviews. All respondents were Northeastern Ontario workers who were exposed to aluminum dust prophylaxis for at least one year. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically.
Results
Themes that emerged included: 1) compulsory exposure, 2) hesitancy to complain, 3) feelings of betrayal, and 4) concerns about health impact and dying.
Conclusion
Exposed workers perceived that their long-term health was impacted on a personal level. The results will contribute to the literature about workplace aluminum dust exposures and to better inform workers and companies about exposure impact and management of aluminum dust.
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Djalalov, Sandjar, Jaclyn Beca, Jeffrey S. Hoch, Murray Krahn, Ming-Sound Tsao, Jean-Claude Cutz, and Natasha B. Leighl. "Cost Effectiveness of EML4-ALK Fusion Testing and First-Line Crizotinib Treatment for Patients With Advanced ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 10 (April 1, 2014): 1012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.53.1186.
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Purpose ALK-targeted therapy with crizotinib offers significant improvement in clinical outcomes for the treatment of EML4-ALK fusion–positive non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We estimated the cost effectiveness of EML4-ALK fusion testing in combination with targeted first-line crizotinib treatment in Ontario. Patients and Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a Markov model from the Canadian Public health (Ontario) perspective and a lifetime horizon in patients with stage IV NSCLC with nonsquamous histology. Transition probabilities and mortality rates were calculated from the Ontario Cancer Registry and Cancer Care Ontario New Drug Funding Program (CCO NDFP). Costs were obtained from the Ontario Case Costing Initiative, CCO NDFP, University Health Network, and literature. Results Molecular testing with first-line targeted crizotinib treatment in the population with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC resulted in a gain of 0.011 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) compared with standard care. The incremental cost was Canadian $2,725 per patient, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $255,970 per QALY gained. Among patients with known EML4-ALK–positive advanced NSCLC, first-line crizotinib therapy provided 0.379 additional QALYs, cost an additional $95,043 compared with standard care, and produced an ICER of $250,632 per QALY gained. The major driver of cost effectiveness was drug price. Conclusion EML4-ALK fusion testing in stage IV nonsquamous NSCLC with crizotinib treatment for ALK-positive patients is not cost effective in the setting of high drug costs and a low biomarker frequency in the population.
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Gomes, Allison, Ian Young, and Chun-Yip Hon. "A legislative scan and literature review of lifeguard staffing requirements at public swimming pools in Canada." Environmental Health Review 65, no. 2 (July 2022): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5864/d2022-010.
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Within the Ontario public pool legislation, a certain number of lifeguards are required for a given number of bathers in a pool at a given time. Of note, these ratios vary across Canada, and there is little to no scientific evidence given for the required lifeguard to bather ratios in legislation or if they are sufficient to ensure bather safety. Our objective was to perform a legislative scan of Canadian public pool legislation as well as a literature review of scientific evidence to support the ratios used in legislation. A case study was also conducted to illustrate the methods found in the literature and apply it to a pool scenario using the lifeguard:bather ratios prescribed in the Ontario legislation. Using keywords across databases, papers were categorized based on five elements that correspond to a proper water rescue (ratio, scanning, technique, vigilance, scanning cues, and zoning). The literature review indicated that more lifeguards allow for a heightened vigilance, an increase in proper scanning technique, as well as coverage of zones. However, more research must be conducted with regards to proper staffing. Additional research should also be conducted to determine the ideal lifeguard:bather ratio, as there is a lack of standardization of these ratios across Canada.
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Wiebe, Natasha. "Mennonite memories of Pelee Island, Ontario, 1925–1950." Narrative Inquiry 23, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.23.2.10wie.
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Our research team documented the experiences of Russian Mennonite immigrants who settled on Pelee Island in the province of Ontario, Canada, between 1925 and 1950. We collected more than 200 historic photographs from over 60 former islanders or their families; interviewed 8 former residents of the Pelee Mennonite community; and synthesized selected photographs and stories into a virtual museum exhibit. Our experience of asking participants to respond to photographs of the Pelee Mennonite community prompted the provisional framework described in this article. This framework offers 8 possibilities for categorizing the stories that emerge when researchers bring photographs (or other visuals) into the inquiry. This article demonstrates the framework using stories from our Pelee Mennonite inquiry. The framework is a starting point for other researchers to use or further develop as the attention given to the visual in narrative inquiry continues to grow.
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Newell, Ken J., John F. Amrhein, Rashmikant J. Desai, Paul F. Middlebrook, Todd M. Webster, Barry W. Sawka, and Brian F. Rudrick. "Prostate gland biopsies and prostatectomies: an Ontario community hospital experience." Canadian Urological Association Journal 2, no. 5 (April 17, 2013): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.920.
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Objective: Transrectal ultrasound–guided core biopsies of the prostate gland and prostatectomies have become common procedures at many community hospitals in Canada, especially in the era of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer. The Gleason grading of prostate cancer in biopsies and prostatectomies is a major determinant used for treatment planning. There is evidence in the literature that suggests important discordance between community hospital pathologists and urological pathologists with respect to the Gleason grading of prostate cancer. Our objective was to determine the diagnostic rates and Gleason scoring patterns for prostate gland biopsies and prostatectomies at our institution compared with the literature.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all prostate gland biopsies and prostatectomies performed at the Grey Bruce Health Services from January 2005 to September 2005. We collected data from 194 biopsies and 44 prostatectomies. We obtained prebiopsy serum PSA levels and digital rectal exam results for all patients from urologists’ office records.Results: The average age for men having biopsies was 65.8 (standard deviation [SD] 8.6) years, and the average prebiopsy serum PSA level was 8.7 (median 7.1, SD 6.2) μg/L. The rates of diagnosis from prostate gland biopsies of benign (17.6%), high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (11.0%), atypical small acinar proliferation suspicious for invasive malignancy (13.2%) and invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma (58.2%) at our institution were significantly different than those reported in the literature (p < 0.001). We observed a significant variation in the rates of these diagnoses among the community hospital pathologists in our study (p = 0.004). There was a strong correlation between the increasing number of positive core biopsy sites and increasing Gleason scores in biopsies (p < 0.001). There was also a strong correlation between increasing prebiopsy serum PSA levels and increasing Gleason scores in biopsies (p < 0.001). A substantial proportion (21.9%) of the biopsies given the Gleason score of 6 had a Gleason score of 7 in the prostatectomy specimen.Conclusion: Our results showed a significant difference in prostate gland biopsy categorical diagnoses compared with the literature. There were also significant differences in categorical diagnoses of prostate gland biopsies among the community hospital pathologists in our study. The data identify a strong positive correlation between the increasing number of positive core biopsy sites and increasing Gleason scores in biopsies, as well as a strong positive correlation between increasing prebiopsy serum PSA levels and increasing Gleason scores in biopsies that revealed cancer. We would encourage other community hospital pathologists, in collaboration with their urologists, to review periodically their prostate gland pathology practices in an attempt to improve the uniformity of diagnoses.