Academic literature on the topic 'Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)"

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Lean, D. R. S., and R. Knowles. "Nitrogen Transformations in Lake Ontario." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-262.

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Concentrations of ammonium plus nitrite in Lake Ontario were highly correlated with ammonium regeneration from zooplankton excretion (r = 0.966), inferring that elevated nitrite concentrations result from nitrification. Nitrapyrin-sensitive dark 14C-labeled bicarbonate assays confirmed high rates of nitrification by chemoautotrophic bacteria. 15N-labeled nitrate experiments showed that nitrate, not ammonium, was the principal form of N used for total microbial protein synthesis. Size fractionation experiments also suggested that small cells were responsible for most of the ammonium uptake, while large cells used mostly nitrate. Nitrate depletion in the surface waters during summer stratification resulted from movement to particulate N, nitrite, and ammonium as well as losses in particulate N due to sedimentation. At least one third, however, was unaccounted for (i.e. 30 mg N∙m−2∙d−1) and may have been converted to protein which would move up the food chain to larger organisms (e.g. fish) not sampled during conventional water chemistry. Nitrous oxide profiles showed that nitrate losses through denitrification are unlikely to occur. Consequently, unless nitrate loading to Lake Ontario is reduced, nitrate concentrations should be expected to continue to increase.
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Symons, D. T. A. "Paleomagnetism of the Keweenawan Chipman Lake and Seabrook Lake carbonatite complexes, Ontario." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 1215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-097.

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The Chipman Lake complex crops out as a series of carbonatite and related alkalic mafic dikes in the Wabigoon Subprovince of the Superior Province, whereas the Seabrook Lake complex crops out as an alkalic syenite – carbonatite stock in the Abitibi Subprovince. Paleomagnetic analysis was done on specimens from 23 and 19 sites located in and around the Chipman Lake and Seabrook Lake complexes, respectively, using detailed alternating-field and thermal step demagnetization and isothermal remanent magnetization tests. Contact tests with adjacent Archean host rocks show that both complexes retain a primary characteristic remanence (ChRM). The Chipman Lake's ChRM is retained in 11 dikes with normal polarity and one dike with reversed polarity and at one site with normal polarity and one site with reversed polarity from the fenite alteration zone. Its ChRM gives a pole position at 186°E, 38°N (dp = 7°, dm = 11°), which corresponds to a Keweenawan age of 1098 ± 10 Ma, suggesting that younger K–Ar amphibole ages do not date emplacement. The ChRM of the host rock, the Chipman Lake diorite stock, gives a pole at 49°E, 51°N (dp = 8°, dm = 13°), showing that it is not part of the Keweenawan complex but may be a 2.45 Ga Matachewan intrusive. The Seabrook Lake complex's ChRM is found at six normal polarity sites from within the complex and at four normal and three reversed polarity sites from within the fenitized Archean granite and Matachewan diabase of the contact aureole. It gives a pole position at 180°E, 46°N (dp = 11°, dm = 17°), which corresponds to a Keweenawan age of 1103 ± 10 Ma, agreeing with K/Ar biotite ages. The paleomagnetic data indicate that no significant motion on the Kapuskasing Structural Zone occurred after emplacement of the complexes excluding minor vertical uplift of less than about 4 km, and that there were multiple polarity transitions of a symmetric Earth's magnetic field during Keweenawan time.
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Harrow-Lyle, Tyler, and Andrea E. Kirkwood. "The invasive macrophyte Nitellopsis obtusa may facilitate the invasive mussel Dreissena polymorpha and Microcystis blooms in a large, shallow lake." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 7 (July 2020): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2019-0337.

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This study was conducted in Lake Scugog, a large, shallow reservoir in Ontario, Canada. Historically, Lake Scugog has been a macrophyte-dominated ecosystem with a productive fishery. In recent years, periodic Microcystis blooms have erupted coinciding with the discovery of the non-native macroalga Nitellopsis obtusa in the lake. From 2016 to 2018, we conducted field surveys to assess the physical, chemical, and biological conditions across 12 sites spanning the lake. All study species (N. obtusa, Dreissena polymorpha, and Microcystis spp.) increased from 2016 to 2018. To determine potential biotic and abiotic drivers of Microcystis blooms, we used a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach. The SEM (r2 = 0.27, p < 0.05) revealed several positive (precipitation, chloride, depth, and N. obtusa) and negative (total nitrogen) explanatory variables for Microcystis biomass. The only statistically significant biotic driver was N. obtusa, which was a positive explanatory variable for both D. polymorpha and Microcystis. Future work will test the efficacy of the SEM model across Ontario lakes to confirm the facilitative role of N. obtusa on D. polymorpha and Microcystis populations.
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Wiegand, M. D., T. A. Johnston, W. C. Leggett, K. E. Watchorn, A. J. Ballevona, L. R. Porteous, and J. M. Casselman. "Contrasting strategies of ova lipid provisioning in relation to maternal characteristics in three walleye (Sander vitreus) populations." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 700–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-033.

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We examined how the lipid content and fatty acid composition of walleye (Sander vitreus) ova varied with respect to maternal characteristics, particularly indices of body nutrient reserves, within three spawning populations that varied in maternal age, size, and somatic lipid reserves. We also compared the variability in ova lipid composition among three populations with that observed among spawning years within one of these populations. Maternal characteristics had little influence on ova lipid content. In Lake Ontario, percentages of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3), DHA) and arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6), AA) increased with maternal length, while those of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n-3), EPA) declined. In Lake Nipissing, maternal age had similar effects on AA and EPA, but not DHA. The Lake Winnipeg population did not conform to the trends of the other two populations, and ova from this population had very low levels of AA. We hypothesize that there are similar selection pressures on the Lake Ontario and Lake Nipissing populations with respect to desirable ova fatty acid profiles. Lake Winnipeg walleye may experience different selection pressures or may be unable to conform to the trends observed in the other two lakes.
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Grewe, Peter M., Charles C. Krueger, Charles F. Aquadro, Eldredge Bermingham, Harold L. Kincaid, and Bernie May. "Mitochondrial DNA Variation among Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) Strains Stocked into Lake Ontario." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 11 (November 1, 1993): 2397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-264.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation was examined in 492 fish representing six lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) strains used for stocking and restoring populations in Lake Ontario. mtDNA was extracted from 432 fish by a total DNA isolation protocol (CTAB). mtDNA was also extracted from 60 additional fish using the purification method of CsCl ultracentrifugation. The more rapid CTAB protocol made feasible analysis of sample sizes (n ≥ 80 per strain) required as baseline data for future mixed-stock analysis (MSA). Restriction enzymes AvaI, BamHI, HinfI, and TaqI resolved seven mtDNA haplotypes and were used to characterize fish from each of six strains (Clearwater, Jenny, Killala, Manitou, Seneca, and Superior). Frequencies of these haplotypes were significantly different among the six strains (p < 0.001). Differences between haplotype frequencies of the Killala and Superior strains were striking and permit greater discrimination of these strains than allozyme data. The level of differentiation observed among strains indicates that mtDNA haplotype information will enhance the ability of MSA to determine the hatchery strains that serve as parents to lake trout fry collected from Lake Ontario.
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Mayer, T., and E. Nagy. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Suspended Particulates from Hamilton Harbour." Water Quality Research Journal 27, no. 4 (November 1, 1992): 807–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1992.049.

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Abstract The concentrations and relative abundances of sixteen priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in suspended particulates and benthic sediments from Hamilton Harbour. The PAH concentrations in suspended particulates, often as high as PAH concentrations in benthic sediments, ranged between 4.41 and 106.02 µg/g. The highest PAH concentrations were found in areas close to the industrial sites. Selected samples of suspended particulates from western part of Lake Ontario were also analyzed for PAHs to learn about the transport of PAHs from the harbour to Lake Ontario via the Burlington Ship Canal. The results reveal export of PAHs along with the other contaminants from Hamilton Harbour to Lake Ontario. In addition to PAHs, n-alkanes were determined in all samples, as they are readily determined from the extracts and they are useful in deciphering the sources of suspended particulates, hence particle-associated PAHs.
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Haymes, Gerard T., and Paul H. Patrick. "Exclusion of Adult Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus Using Low-Frequency Sound for Application at Water Intakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-105.

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Experiments to test the effectiveness of low-frequency, high-intensity sound in excluding alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, from an experimental net structure were conducted on Lake Ontario near Pickering, Ont. Sound was generated by modified seismic devices called pneumatic poppers. The number of alewife entering the experimental structure was reduced by 71–99% when the poppers were operating. Sonar evidence from one test suggested that another species which was not caught in the collection nets was less influenced by the acoustic deterrent. The results suggest that low-frequency, high-intensity sound may be effective in reducing losses of adult alewife at water intakes.
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McCausland, Phil J. A., Roberta L. Flemming, Graham C. Wilson, Jim Renaud, David Dillon, and David W. Holdsworth. "The Wood Lake, Ontario, H4 ordinary chondrite, a new Canadian meteorite." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 50, no. 1 (January 2013): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e2012-037.

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The Wood Lake meteorite was found in the Muskoka region of Ontario in July 2003. We examine the mineralogy, physical properties, shock, and weathering state of this recently reported Canadian meteorite. Bulk physical properties for Wood Lake (bulk density 3.57 ± 0.10 g/cm3, grain density 3.64 ± 0.01 g/cm3, and magnetic susceptibility log χ = 5.17) are typical of slightly weathered H chondrite falls and consistent with visual observations of its observed low weathering state (W1). Reconnaissance X-ray micro computed tomography of a Wood Lake fragment yields a similar bulk density (3.56 g/cm3) and allows for a three-dimensional description of the meteorite. Petrographic and electron probe microanalysis examination of the Wood Lake meteorite reveal sharp definition of chondrule margins, occasional mesostasis chondrule glass, only minor development of recrystallized matrix feldspar, and little variation in silicate chemical compositions, indicating Wood Lake to be an H4 ordinary chondrite. Mineral chemistry for Wood Lake olivine (Fa18.6 ± 0.7, n = 26) and low-Ca pyroxene (Fs17.5 ± 2.6, n = 16) agrees well with H chondrite averages for these minerals. The bulk of the stone has undergone a low to moderate level of shock (S3), as indicated in thin section by undulose optical extinction and the presence of planar dislocations in olivine and pyroxene grains. Moderate distortion of olivine crystal structures observed using in situ micro X-ray diffraction quantifies the shock deformation as a full width half maximum (FWHMχ) of 3.38° ± 1.13° (16 reflections from seven olivine grains), consistent with shock stage S3 ordinary chondrites. Wood Lake is confirmed as a new Canadian meteorite find that likely arrived on Earth not long before it was recovered.
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Paterson, Andrew M., David S. Morimoto, Brian F. Cumming, John P. Smol, and Julian M. Szeicz. "A paleolimnological investigation of the effects of forest fire on lake water quality in northwestern Ontario over the past ca. 150 years." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 1329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-117.

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Fire is an important mechanism of disturbance in boreal ecosystems; however, the effects of fire on lake ecosystems are still not well understood. This study provides a detailed assessment of the impacts of fire on the limnology of a small oligotrophic lake (Lake 42), located approximately 200 km northwest of Thunder Bay, Ont. The study lake is characterized by a small drainage ratio (watershed area : surface area) and a relatively long water residence time. Age establishment and fire scar analyses determined that at least one, and perhaps two, major fires had burned to the lake's shoreline in the past ca. 150 years. Using a paleoecological approach, diatoms were examined in a 210Pb-dated sediment core. Following watershed fires, minimal changes were noted in the diatom species assemblage. These findings may be explained by the low sedimentation rates and small drainage ratio of the study lake, although other studies suggest that the biological response may be minimal compared with physical–chemical responses in some ecosystems. Beginning in the early 1980s, however, distinct changes were noted in the species assemblage and in diatom-inferred total phosphorus. Our findings suggest that the study lake may be more sensitive to precipitation inputs of nutrients than to inputs resulting from watershed disturbances.Key words: paleolimnology, diatoms, forest fire, water quality.
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Hesslein, Raymond H. "Whole-Lake Metal Radiotracer Movement in Fertilized Lake Basins." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, S1 (December 18, 1987): s74—s82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-282.

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Seven radiotracers: 75Se, 203Hg, 85Sr, 134Cs, 59Fe, 65Zn, and 60Co were added to the separated basins of Lake 226, Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario. The basins, L226N and L226S were part of an ongoing eutrophication experiment in which C, N, and P were being added to L226N and C and N to L226S. The radiotracers moved to the sediments by sorption to settling particles and by being directly absorbed. The loss rates ranged from 3–8%∙d−1. Areal distribution in the sediments was largely governed by the percent sorbed to particles. Both basins exhibited seasonal anoxic hypolimnia in which redissolution of 59Fe, 60Co, and 203Hg was great, of 75Se, 85Sr, and 65Zn only minimal, and of 134Cs negligible. The overall behavior of each of the isotopes was nearly identical in the two basins, partly due to interbasin mixing. A least squares fit of the affinity for particles and loss rates to a whole-lake model yielded a settling velocity of 0.18 m∙d−1 and a benthic boundary layer of 370 μm thickness.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)"

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Misiti, Patrick J. "The lake." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1939245941&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Comer, Neil Thomas. "A climatology and mesoscale model intercomparison of summertime Lake Ontario breezes /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61058.

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The lake breeze is shown to develop on 30% of all summer days in the Toronto region, similar to other findings in the Great Lakes area. Simulations with the Colorado State University (CSU) model show that under northwest to north gradient flow the lake breeze is characterized by a broad band of westerlies over the lake, while southwesterly gradient flow produces a broad band of easterlies. A nocturnal mesoscale cyclonic eddy is predicted over western Lake Ontario under west and northwest gradient flow conditions.
A statistical model intercomparison of the CSU and Ontario Ministry of Environment models over a 19600 km$ sp2$ domain centred on Pickering, ON revealed the CSU model generally more accurately predicts the temporal and spatial lake breeze characteristics. This is attributed to improved model parameterizations and larger domain size enabling the model to resolve the full-lake scale circulations which develop.
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Irwin, Douglas Allen Carleton University Dissertation Geology. "The long Lake Zinc Mine and the Ore Chimney Gold Mine, Southeastern Ontario; a geophysical exploration guideline." Ottawa, 1992.

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Roy, Réal 1963. "Methane metabolism and nitrogen cycling in freshwater sediment of a polluted ecosystem : Hamilton Harbour (Canada)." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39990.

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Environmental regulation of nitrogen cycling processes, denitrification and nitrification, was studied in sediment of Hamilton Harbour, with particular emphasis on the role of CH$ sb4$ metabolism (production and consumption). Through extensive sediment sampling and numerical analysis, it was found that particulate carbon was the best predictor of potential for anaerobic production of CH$ sb4$ and CO$ sb2$. The only predictor of denitrification capacity was anaerobic CO$ sb2$ production, indicating that beside NO$ sb3 sp-$ and O$ sb2$, a biotic factor involved in carbon metabolism may be important in the control of this activity.
Suppression of aerobic N$ sb2$O production in sediment slurries by C$ rm sb2H sb2$ and correlation with NO$ sb3$-production indicated that it was dependent on chemolithotrophic nitrification. Although CH$ sb4$ (1 to 24 $ mu$M) stimulated production of NO$ sb3 sp-$ and N$ sb2$O, we found that CH$ sb4$ at 84 $ mu$M or greater suppressed nitrification. Following extensive studies of pore water chemistry, potential microbial activities, and counts of nitrifiers and methanotrophs, we found that CH$ sb4$ oxidation (i) is more likely to suppress nitrification by competition for O$ sb2$ and NH$ sb4 sp+$ between methanotrophs and nitrifiers, and (ii) may be more important than nitrification as a sink of hypolimnetic O$ sb2$ in Hamilton Harbour.
Amongst a number of inhibitors, allylsulfide was found to be a differential inhibitor with much less effect on CH$ sb4$ oxidation in sediment slurries or in axenic cultures of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b than on nitrification in sediment slurries.
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Hoekstra, Gerzinus Epeüs. "A resource guide of seasons and symbols for St. Andrew's Presbyterian Choir, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.

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Smith, David Gray. "Archaeological systematics and the analysis of Iroquoian ceramics : a case study from the Crawford lake area, Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76753.

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This study is an analytical examination of a stylistic anomaly observed among Middleport Iroquoian village sites (dating c. A.D. 1300-1450) located near Crawford Lake in southcentral Ontario, Canada. The anomaly is characterized by differing percentages of two forms of ceramic smoking pipes from closely spaced, contemporaneous village sites. This distinction occurs throughout southern Ontario, but is particularly pronounced in the Crawford Lake area. In order to develop and test a model to explain this anomaly, an approach employing a hierarchy of inference, including formal, spatial, temporal, economic, social, and cultural levels, is proposed. This is applied to an analysis of pottery and smoking pipes from eight Middleport sites. The key elements of the explanation are: (1) the two styles represent two distinct prehistoric communities; (2) these communities competed with each other for limited resources; and (3) they symbolized this competition through differences in pipe styles. This conclusion indicates that both the material culture and social relations among Middleport communities may be more complex than has previously been inferred.
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Medeiros, Andrew. "Phosphorus and iron loading to Lake Ontario from waste water treatment plants in Hamilton and Toronto /." 2005.

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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Environmental Studies.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-100). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11861
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Forrester, Lauren. "Iron, light and microcystin : the environmental modulation of growth and toxin production by microcystis species in the Bay of Quinte (Lake Ontario) and in culture /." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR38772.

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Biology.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-136). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR38772
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Books on the topic "Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)"

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Ylvisaker, Anne. Lake Ontario. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2004.

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Beckett, Harry. Lake Ontario. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Corp., 1999.

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Department, Economic Development &. Tourism Kirkland Lake Ont. Fact book for the town of Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada. Kirkland Lake, Ont: Kirkland Lake Economic Development Commission, 1985.

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Heard, Shawn Robert Daniel. Economic planning in Northern Ontario primary resource towns: A study of the communities of Temagami, Kirkland Lake, Geraldton and Elliot Lake. Peterborough, Ont: Trent University, 1992.

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Estelle, Jussim, Bannon Anthony, and Buscaglia-Castellani Art Gallery, eds. Arcadia revisited: Niagara River & Falls from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. Albuquerque: Published for the Buscaglia-Castellani Art Gallery of Niagara University, by the University of New Mexico Press, 1988.

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Wetjen, André. The Kirkland Lake story: A pictorial history. Kirkland Lake, Ont: Town of Kirkland Lake, 1988.

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Gateley, Susan Peterson. Maritime tales of Lake Ontario. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2012.

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Maria, Da Silva, ed. Secrets of Lake Simcoe: Fascinating stories from Ontario's past. Toronto: J. Lorimer & Co., 2010.

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Tatley, Richard. Windermere: The jewel of Lake Rosseau. Erin, Ont: Boston Mills Press, 1998.

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Hooke, Katharine. St. Peter's on-the-Rock, Stony Lake, Ontario: Seventy-five years of service. [Stony Lake, Ont.]: 75th Anniversary Committee, St. Peter's on-the-Rock Anglican Church, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)"

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Sandefur, James T. "Higher-order linear dynamical systems." In Discrete Dynamical Modeling, 189–267. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195084382.003.0005.

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Abstract An introduction to second-order linear equations In example 4.2 we considered a dynamical system that models the amount of pollution in two of the Great Lakes. Specifically, letting a(n) and b(n) be the amount of pollution in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, respectively, in year n, we developed the equations
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Cater, D. F. "Macassa Mine Geology." In Archean Gold Deposits of the Matachewan-Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake Area, Ontario, Canada, 9–19. Society of Economic Geologists, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/gb.11.ch04.

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Abstract The Macassa Mine, a division of LAC Minerals Ltd. is situated immediately west of the town of Kirkland Lake, Ontario. It is the only active producer of seven (7) mines located along the famed Mile of Gold in the Kirkland Lake Gold Camp. Production from all seven mines in the camp from inception to the end of 1989 amounted to 52.6 million tons generating 23.4 million ounces at an average grade of 0. 446 ounce/ton (source: MNDM resident geologists office pers. comm. ). Production at the Macassa Mine commenced in late 1933 at a rate of 200 tons per day. The mine has produced gold continuously for the past 58 years. In May 1990, the Macassa Mine produced its 3 millionth ounce. Total mine production to the end of 1990 amounts to 6,835,110 tons mined yielding 3,070,502 million ounces of gold at an average grade of 0. 45 ounce/ton. The cut-off grade at the mine is 0.25 ounce/ton. Current proven and probable ore reserves are estimated as of January 1991 to be 1. 67 million tons at a grade of 0. 53 ounce/ton. Current underground production is on the order of 550 tons per day. The Kirkland Lake Gold Camp is situated on the southwestern portion of the Abitibi greenstone belt (Fig. 1). On a smaller scale, the Kirkland Lake area can be considered as a series of volcanic, sedimentary and intrusive litho-units which strike N 60–80 E and dip steeply to the- south. These litho units which lie within the Timiskaming group are wrapped around both the Lebel Stock and Round Lake Batholith situated to the south.
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"From Catastrophe to Recovery: Stories of Fishery Management Success." In From Catastrophe to Recovery: Stories of Fishery Management Success, edited by Brian C. Weidel, Michael J. Connerton, Maureen G. Walsh, Jeremy P. Holden, Kristen T. Holeck, and Brian F. Lantry. American Fisheries Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874554.ch19.

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<i>Abstract</i>.—Fish population recoveries can result from ecosystem change in the absence of targeted restoration actions. In Lake Ontario, native Deepwater Sculpin <i>Myoxocephalus thompsonii</i> were common in the late 1800s, but by the mid-1900s the species was possibly extirpated. During this period, mineral nutrient inputs increased and piscivore abundance declined, which increased the abundance of the nonnative planktivores Alewife <i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i> and Rainbow Smelt <i>Osmerus mordax</i>. Deepwater Sculpin larvae are pelagic and vulnerable to predation by planktivores. Annual bottom trawl surveys did not capture Deepwater Sculpin from 1978 to 1995 (<i>n</i> = 6,666 tows) despite sampling appropriate habitat (trawl depths: 7–170 m). The absence of observations during this time resulted in an elevated conservation status for the species, but no restoration actions were initiated. In 1996, three individuals were caught in bottom trawls, the first observed since 1972. Since then, their abundance has increased, and in 2017, they were the second most abundant Lake Ontario prey fish. The food-web changes that occurred from 1970 through the 1990s contributed to this recovery. Alewife and Rainbow Smelt abundance declined during this period due to predation by stocked salmonids and legislation that reduced nutrient inputs and food web productivity. In the 1990s, proliferation of nonnative, filter-feeding dreissenid mussels dramatically increased water clarity. As light penetration increased, the early-spring depth distribution of Alewife and Rainbow Smelt shifted deeper, away from larval Deepwater Sculpin habitat. The intentional and unintentional changes that occurred in Lake Ontario were not targeted at Deepwater Sculpin restoration but resulted in conditions that favored the species’ recovery. While standard surveys documented the recovery, more diverse information (e.g., observations in deep habitats and early-life stages) would have improved our understanding of why the species recovered when it did. Annual Lake Ontario trawl surveys have collaboratively expanded their spatial extent and diversified habitat sampled, based on lessons learned from the Deepwater Sculpin recovery.
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Reports on the topic "Ontario, Lake (N.Y. and Ont.)"

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Harris, L. B., P. Adiban, and E. Gloaguen. The role of enigmatic deep crustal and upper mantle structures on Au and magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr mineralization in the Superior Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328984.

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Aeromagnetic and ground gravity data for the Canadian Superior Province, filtered to extract long wavelength components and converted to pseudo-gravity, highlight deep, N-S trending regional-scale, rectilinear faults and margins to discrete, competent mafic or felsic granulite blocks (i.e. at high angles to most regional mapped structures and sub-province boundaries) with little to no surface expression that are spatially associated with lode ('orogenic') Au and Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr occurrences. Statistical and machine learning analysis of the Red Lake-Stormy Lake region in the W Superior Province confirms visual inspection for a greater correlation between Au deposits and these deep N-S structures than with mapped surface to upper crustal, generally E-W trending, faults and shear zones. Porphyry Au, Ni, Mo and U-Th showings are also located above these deep transverse faults. Several well defined concentric circular to elliptical structures identified in the Oxford Stull and Island Lake domains along the S boundary of the N Superior proto-craton, intersected by N- to NNW striking extensional fractures and/or faults that transect the W Superior Province, again with little to no direct surface or upper crustal expression, are spatially associated with magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr and related mineralization and Au occurrences. The McFaulds Lake greenstone belt, aka. 'Ring of Fire', constitutes only a small, crescent-shaped belt within one of these concentric features above which 2736-2733 Ma mafic-ultramafic intrusions bodies were intruded. The Big Trout Lake igneous complex that hosts Cr-Pt-Pd-Rh mineralization west of the Ring of Fire lies within a smaller concentrically ringed feature at depth and, near the Ontario-Manitoba border, the Lingman Lake Au deposit, numerous Au occurrences and minor Ni showings, are similarly located on concentric structures. Preliminary magnetotelluric (MT) interpretations suggest that these concentric structures appear to also have an expression in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) and that lithospheric mantle resistivity features trend N-S as well as E-W. With diameters between ca. 90 km to 185 km, elliptical structures are similar in size and internal geometry to coronae on Venus which geomorphological, radar, and gravity interpretations suggest formed above mantle upwellings. Emplacement of mafic-ultramafic bodies hosting Ni-Cr-PGE mineralization along these ringlike structures at their intersection with coeval deep transverse, ca. N-S faults (viz. phi structures), along with their location along the margin to the N Superior proto-craton, are consistent with secondary mantle upwellings portrayed in numerical models of a mantle plume beneath a craton with a deep lithospheric keel within a regional N-S compressional regime. Early, regional ca. N-S faults in the W Superior were reactivated as dilatational antithetic (secondary Riedel/R') sinistral shears during dextral transpression and as extensional fractures and/or normal faults during N-S shortening. The Kapuskasing structural zone or uplift likely represents Proterozoic reactivation of a similar deep transverse structure. Preservation of discrete faults in the deep crust beneath zones of distributed Neoarchean dextral transcurrent to transpressional shear zones in the present-day upper crust suggests a 'millefeuille' lithospheric strength profile, with competent SCLM, mid- to deep, and upper crustal layers. Mechanically strong deep crustal felsic and mafic granulite layers are attributed to dehydration and melt extraction. Intra-crustal decoupling along a ductile décollement in the W Superior led to the preservation of early-formed deep structures that acted as conduits for magma transport into the overlying crust and focussed hydrothermal fluid flow during regional deformation. Increase in the thickness of semi-brittle layers in the lower crust during regional metamorphism would result in an increase in fracturing and faulting in the lower crust, facilitating hydrothermal and carbonic fluid flow in pathways linking SCLM to the upper crust, a factor explaining the late timing for most orogenic Au. Results provide an important new dataset for regional prospectively mapping, especially with machine learning, and exploration targeting for Au and Ni-Cr-Cu-PGE mineralization. Results also furnish evidence for parautochthonous development of the S Superior Province during plume-related rifting and cannot be explained by conventional subduction and arc-accretion models.
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