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1
Permana, Surja, D. R. Juanda, Frederich Oscar Lontoh, Handoko Noertjandranata, and Sjanette Eveline. "Memorizing Bible Verses with the Association Method of Quantum Learning in Sunday School." Journal Didaskalia 2, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33856/didaskalia.v2i1.98.
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In the world of teaching, it takes a variety of creativity, so that students benefit from the learning process. The same thing happened in the Sunday School class held by the church. The core material is certainly from the Bible. This includes memorizing Bible verses from certain parts. Students are required to memorize the verses. Many face failure in the memorization process. They have difficulty remembering the verses. However, there is still an interesting method to make it easier for children to memorize Bible verses, namely by association methods found in quantum learning. The problem is whether the Sunday school teachers understood this association method? With descriptive research methods have found a solution that in the process of memorizing with this association method, can increase the number of verses memorized. This can be shown from the results of evaluations that have been carried out, there is an increase in the number of memorized verses that can be memorized by Sunday school students, which increases to 20 words or about 4%.
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Wittmann, Katie, Beth Savan, Trudy Ledsham, George Liu, and Jennifer Lay. "Cycling to High School in Toronto, Ontario, Canada." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2500, no. 1 (January 2015): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2500-02.
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This study surveyed attitudes, behaviors, social norms, and perceived control among the populations of students at three high schools in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The results showed a pattern of hesitancy to cycle on the part of female high school students compared with their male counterparts. Young women reported less access to a bicycle, less comfort or confidence in riding, more fear associated with cycling, and less ability to decide independently how to travel to school. The study identified two important variables that were likely associated with young women's smaller participation in cycling to school: overall cycling mode share and ability to decide their travel mode independently. The former variable tracked findings for the general population, and the latter appeared to have been associated with the proximity of immigration, as families might have brought associations of danger to independent female travelers from their countries of origin or perceived new dangers in Canada. While the former association is well established, the latter hypothesis warrants further research.
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Carney, Patrick. "Submission to an Ontario Board of Education from the Canadian Association of School Psychologists." Canadian Journal of School Psychology 11, no. 2 (June 1996): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/082957359601100205.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues, Lydie Masengo, Hayley A. Hamilton, and Jean-Philippe Chaput. "Energy Drink Consumption and Substance Use among Middle and High School Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (April 29, 2020): 3110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093110.
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This study examined the association between energy drink consumption and substance use among adolescents and tested whether sex and/or grade level (i.e., middle vs. high school) moderate the association. Data were derived from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a representative survey of students in 7th to 12th grade. Analyses included 10,662 students who self-reported information on energy drink consumption and substance use. Poisson regression models were used with adjustments for important covariates. Energy drink consumption was associated with tobacco cigarette smoking (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 3.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.22–4.35), cannabis use (IRR: 2.90; 95% CI: 2.53–3.32), binge drinking (IRR: 2.46; 95% CI: 2.05–2.96), opioid use (IRR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.85–2.68), and alcohol use (IRR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.26–1.36). The associations of energy drink consumption with tobacco cigarette smoking, cannabis use, and alcohol consumption were modified by grade level (two-way interaction terms p < 0.05). The association between energy drink consumption and substance use was generally much stronger among middle school students compared with high school students. The findings suggest that middle school students may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of energy drinks in relation with substance use.
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Kalman, Les. "Identifying the Spatial Distribution of Dental Outreach Program in London, Ontario." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 11, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10062-0001.
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ABSTRACT The impact of oral health on total health and personal well-being has been well documented. Unfortunately, many individuals suffer from the effects of poor oral health and cannot seek dental care due to financial limitations. The Dental Outreach Community Service (DOCS) program at the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry at Western University, functions to provide free dentistry to those individuals within an educational context. This report looks at the spatial distribution of family income and the spatial representation of the DOCS program in London, Ontario, between 2008 and 2015. A DOCS spatial distribution map has been generated to illustrate the association. How to cite this article Kalman L. Identifying the Spatial Distribution of Dental Outreach Program in London, Ontario. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(1):1-4.
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Srugo, Sebastian, Margaret de Groh, Ying Jiang, Howard Morrison, Hayley Hamilton, and Paul Villeneuve. "Assessing the Impact of School-Based Greenness on Mental Health Among Adolescent Students in Ontario, Canada." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 8, 2019): 4364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224364.
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Neighbourhood greenness has been frequently associated with improved mental health in adulthood, yet its impact among youth is less clear. Additionally, though youth spend large portions of time at school, no study has investigated associations between school-based measures of greenness and students’ mental health in Canada. We addressed this gap by linking participant responses from the 2016–2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey to school-based features of the built environment. Our analyses included 6313 students, ages 11–20. Measures of greenness were the mean and max of the annual mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index within 500 m and 1000 m from the centroid of the school postal code. Measures of mental health included: serious psychological distress (Kessler 6-item Psychological Distress Scale), self-rated mental health (using a five-point Likert scale), suicide ideation, and suicide attempt. In our study population, the prevalence of serious psychological distress and low self-rated mental health was 16.7% and 20.3%, respectively. Suicide ideation was reported by 13.5% of participants, while 3.7% reported a suicide attempt. Quantity of greenness was similar between schools in the lower and upper quartiles. In logistic regressions, we found no association between objective school-based greenness and mental health, as assessed by multiple measures, both before and after adjustment. Null findings held true after stratification by season, as well. Whether other characteristics of school greenness (such as type, quality, or access and use) are more impactful to students’ mental health should be a focus of future analyses.
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Woodger, Kevin, and Elizabeth A. Stone. "The Ontario Veterinary College and the Establishment of the University of Guelph." Ontario History 108, no. 1 (July 24, 2018): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050611ar.
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This paper examines the creation of the University of Guelph in the early 1960s from the perspective of the Ontario Veterinary College, one of the University’s three founding colleges. We argue that although there were concerns that OVC would be overshadowed if it were to join a traditional university, the prospect of the creation of the University of Guelph was greeted largely with enthusiasm and the College benefitted from a close association with a traditional university. Nevertheless the faculty and alumni of OVC were genuinely concerned that joining a traditional university would hamper its ability to train veterinarians and divert much needed funding to other disciplines. In contrast, in its sister school the Ontario Agricultural College, any fears associated with joining a university came from politicians and administrators rather than from within Ontario’s agricultural community.
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Bialystok, Lauren. "Respect Without Recognition: A Critique of the OCSTA’s “Respecting Difference” Policy." Sexual and Gender Diversity in Schools 22, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1071461ar.
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In 2012, a provincial bill amended the Ontario Education Act to provide more focused measures to eliminate bullying on the basis of sexual orientation. Bill 13 specifically requires that students be allowed to establish gay-straight alliances (GSAs), including in the publicly-funded Catholic school system. The Ontario Catholic School Trustees’ Association responded by proposing an alternative policy, called “Respecting Difference,” on the grounds that GSAs run contrary to Catholic teaching. Respect is a complex ethical notion with a long philosophical history. Through an overview of what philosophers from different traditions (including Kant, Buber, Levinas, Hegel, and Rawls) have said about respect, it becomes apparent that the kind of respect that is due to all persons requires recognition, or a willingness to accept the other as a self-identifying subject who is irreducible to my experience. In its discussion of LGBT students, the OCSTA fails to accord them such recognition, even while it emphasizes the meaning of difference. Consequently, there is reason to conclude that it does not truly respect sexual minority students and that it is not fully committed to eradicating homophobia-based bullying in the Catholic school system. “Respecting Difference” declines to heed best evidence about the factors that actually protect LGBT students from bullying, and uses the guidelines for “Respecting Difference” groups as an opportunity to reinforce its pathologization of LGBT identity itself.
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Brownlie, Elizabeth, Joseph H. Beitchman, Gloria Chaim, David A. Wolfe, Brian Rush, and Joanna Henderson. "Early Adolescent Substance Use and Mental Health Problems and Service Utilisation in a School-based Sample." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718784935.
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Objective: This paper reports on substance use, mental health problems, and mental health service utilisation in an early adolescent school-based sample. Method: Participants were 1,360 grade 7 and 8 students from 4 regions of Ontario, Canada. Students completed an in-class survey on mental health and substance use. The sampling strategy and survey items on demographics, substance use, service utilisation, and distress were adapted from the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. Internalising and externalising mental health problems were assessed using the Global Assessment of Individual Needs – Short Screener. Distress was defined as fair or poor self-rated mental health. Results: Rates of internalising and/or externalising problems above the threshold exceeded 30%; yet, fewer than half had received mental health services in the past 12 mo. Substance use was associated with increased odds of internalising and externalising problems above the threshold and distress. Youth using cannabis had 10-times the odds of exceeding the threshold for internalising or externalising problems. The use of substances other than alcohol or cannabis was associated with increased odds of fair or poor self-rated mental health among grade 8 students. Of the youth who confirmed at least a substance use problem, most also reported mental health problems; this association was stronger among girls than boys. Conclusions: Early adolescent substance use was associated with concurrent self-reported mental health problems in a non-clinical sample. The low levels of service utilisation reported highlight the need for improved access to early identification and intervention to prevent the development of concurrent disorders.
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Humaidi, Anis. "Historical Analysis on Fundamentalism Movement of High School Students in Kediri City East Java." Didaktika Religia 8, no. 1 (June 9, 2020): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/didaktika.v8i1.1553.
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This article aims to reveal the historical roots and patterns of the fundamentalism movement among students in the City of Kediri. This article is based on the field a qualitative case study. Fundamentalism is a movement that is very close to radicalism. However, the spread of fundamentalism was also found in educational institutions. This article concludes that after going through a series of in-depth studies, this article concludes that historically it cannot be found when this fundamentalism movement began to spread in State Senior High School 1 (SMAN) and State Senior High School 2 (SMAN) Kediri. What is found is that there are Islamic study activities that have allegedly been around since the school began operating. Both in SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Kediri, no definitive clue was given as to when the spread of the religious fundamentalism movement began. The fundamentalist movement patterns in SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Kediri City have similarities, namely through Islamic study activities. In SMAN 1, Kediri City, there are SKI activities. Meanwhile, at SMAN 2 Kediri, there were a number of activities, such as PETUAH (Saturday Sunday Pesantren) BAO, Mabīt (the night of devotion), and Aqidah. There is also the At-Tholab association (a collection of several schools). Some of these activities are a forum for the spread of Islamic religious fundamentalism, which is claimed to teach Islamic teaching in accordance with the Qur’an and Hadīth.
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van Dijk, Adam, Patricia A. McGrath, William Pickett, and Elizabeth G. Van Den Kerkhof. "Pain and Self-Reported Health in Canadian Children." Pain Research and Management 13, no. 5 (2008): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/419073.
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BACKGROUND: Despite increasing attention to the epidemiology of pain, relatively little is known about the association between pain and health in children. In particular, no studies have examined this relationship in the general population of children in Canada.OBJECTIVES: To assess the association between self-reported pain experiences and health in school children in southeastern Ontario. Health measures included perceived health status, psychological complaints and satisfaction with school.METHODS: A total of 495 nine-to 13-year-old school children completed the Pain Experience Interview – Short Form and health-related questions from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children questionnaire.RESULTS: Of the 495 children in the present study, 8% rated their health as ‘fair’ to ‘poor’, 56% reported experiencing at least one of four psychological symptoms more than once a week and 24% said they disliked school. The strongest associations existed between headaches and poor self-rated health (OR=10.1; 95% CI 1.3 to 78.3), recurrent pain and psychological outcomes (OR=3.6; 95% CI 2.0 to 6.3), and recurrent pain and disliking school (OR=3.6; 95% CI 1.9 to 6.7).DISCUSSION: These findings indicate that common childhood pains are associated with childhood health. Further studies are needed to assess the causal relationship between pain and health in children, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the personal and economic impact of childhood pain, and to monitor changes in the lives of children living with chronic pain.
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Cimolai, Nevio. "The Canadian contribution to the science of verotoxigenicEscherichia coliand associated illnesses: the early years." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 59, no. 11 (November 2013): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2013-0644.
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As stories of microbiological and infectious disease discoveries are told, one of the most charming of these in Canadian history is the recognition of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) and associated disease. The considerable burden and impact of VTEC-associated infections is currently experienced worldwide. Jack Konowalchuk, Joan Speirs, and their collaborators in Ottawa, Ontario, defined the E. coli verotoxin. Mohamed Karmali, Martin Petric, and colleagues at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, established the association of VTEC and hemolytic–uremic syndrome. Nationwide, and with the dissemination of knowledge through the central health directorate in Ottawa, numerous scientists and clinicians were motivated to focus on this theme, and within a relatively brief chronology, much became known about the biology of VTEC and the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical aspects of disease. Many Canadian investigators, but especially those in the veterinary school at Guelph, Ontario, also contributed to the science of VTEC among animals. The interactions between clinical and veterinary researchers led to a then unprecedented exponential growth in the knowledge base of VTEC. Canadians also participated in a better understanding of the origin and potential of the E. coli O157 serogroup. Whereas not exclusively Canadian, the contributions of our national scientists in this field must be seen as a vital part of medical and microbiological Canadiana; this essence is captured in this historical review.
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Morgan, Cecilia. "“An Embarrassingly and Severely Masculine Atmosphere”: Women, Gender and the Legal Profession at Osgoode Hall, 1920s–1960s." Canadian journal of law and society 11, no. 2 (1996): 19–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100004865.
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AbstractThis paper examines gender relations within Ontario's Osgoode Hall Law School from the 1920s to the 1960s, focussing on the women who entered the school during this period. It analyzes their backgrounds and motives for entering law school and it also examines their experiences at the school and as articling students. This paper argues that the legal profession's insistence on its masculine nature shaped women law students' attempts to construct their own professional identities and to reconcile their professionalism with their gender, ethnic and racial, and class backgrounds (the majority of these women were Anglo-Celtic and middle-class). Yet while masculinity was the norm for both the profession and the law school, it was not a static, monolithic construct; it was constructed and expressed in a number of ways by male students and instructors at Osgoode Hall, particularly in the pages of the student press and through the activities of O s goode's student organization. Such struggles to define male law students' identities invariably affected women law students; in turn, through the Women's Law Association of Ontario, they worked to create an alternative space where women lawyers and students could work for change and attempt to reconcile professionalism and middle-class femininity.
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O’Leary, James D., Magdalena Janus, Eric Duku, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Teresa To, Ping Li, Jason T. Maynes, and Mark W. Crawford. "A Population-based Study Evaluating the Association between Surgery in Early Life and Child Development at Primary School Entry." Anesthesiology 125, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001200.
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Abstract Background It is unclear whether exposure to surgery in early life has long-term adverse effects on child development. The authors aimed to investigate whether surgery in early childhood is associated with adverse effects on child development measured at primary school entry. Methods The authors conducted a population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada, by linking provincial health administrative databases to children’s developmental outcomes measured by the Early Development Instrument (EDI). From a cohort of 188,557 children, 28,366 children who underwent surgery before EDI completion (age 5 to 6 yr) were matched to 55,910 unexposed children. The primary outcome was early developmental vulnerability, defined as any domain of the EDI in the lowest tenth percentile of the population. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age at first surgery (less than 2 and greater than or equal to 2 yr) and frequency of surgery. Results Early developmental vulnerability was increased in the exposed group (7,259/28,366; 25.6%) compared with the unexposed group (13,957/55,910; 25.0%), adjusted odds ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.08. Children aged greater than or equal to 2 yr at the time of first surgery had increased odds of early developmental vulnerability compared with unexposed children (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.10), but children aged less than 2 yr at the time of first exposure were not at increased risk (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.10). There was no increase in odds of early developmental vulnerability with increasing frequency of exposure. Conclusions Children who undergo surgery before primary school age are at increased risk of early developmental vulnerability, but the magnitude of the difference between exposed and unexposed children is small.
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Ogrodnik, Michelle, Jillian Halladay, Barbara Fenesi, Jennifer Heisz, and Katholiki Georgiades. "Examining Associations Between Physical Activity and Academic Performance in a Large Sample of Ontario Students: The Role of Inattention and Hyperactivity." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0174.
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Background: Participation in physical activity (PA) is a modifiable factor that contributes to academic success, yet the optimal dose (ie, frequency) and mechanisms underlying the effect require further exploration. Methods: Using data from 19,886 elementary and 11,238 secondary school students across Ontario, Canada, this study examined associations between PA participation frequency, academic achievement, and inattention and hyperactivity. Results: Among elementary students, there was a positive association between PA frequency and academic achievement. Participating in 1 to 2 days per week of PA related to higher academic achievement compared with no days, whereas 7 days per week had the largest associations. For secondary students, a minimum of 3 to 4 days per week was associated with higher academic achievement with no significant benefit of additional days. Indirect effects of inattention and hyperactivity were found for both groups, suggesting that the benefits of PA on academic achievement may be partly explained by reductions in inattention and hyperactivity, especially for secondary school students. Conclusion: Students may experience academic benefits from PA even if they are not meeting the guidelines of exercising daily. These benefits may occur, in part, through reductions in inattention and hyperactivity. Further work is needed to determine the temporality and mechanism of these associations.
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McLoughlin, John Grant. "Solutions to Calendar." Mathematics Teacher 91, no. 2 (February 1998): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.91.2.0143.
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Problems 1 7 and 25, 26, and 28 are adapted from Recreational Math Problems for High School Students Book I and Book II (revised 1984). The problems were used in Wellington County (Ontario) mathematics contests and prepared for the Grand Valley Mathematics Association under the guidance of Gary Flewelling. Problems 8 13 are adapted from Puzzles for Pleasure by Barry R. Clarke (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994). Problem 14 was contributed by Agnes Tuska and Larry Cusick, both of California State University-Fresno, 5245 North Backer Ave., Fresno, CA 93740. Problems 15 24 were submitted by Elias Jonas, Truman Middle College, 1145 West Wilson, Chicago, IL 60640. Problem 27 is taken from 101 Puzzle Problems by Nathaniel B. Bates and Sanderson M. Smith (Concord, Mass.: Bates Publishing Co., 1980).
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Hudson, Anne. "Book review: The Quick Reference Handbook for School Leaders National Association of Headteachers and Ontario Principals' Council The Quick Reference Handbook for School Leaders (London: Paul Chapman, 2007) ISBN: 9—7814—1293—4503." Management in Education 22, no. 1 (January 2008): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08920206080220011104.
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Magier, Megan, Karen A. Patte, Katelyn Battista, Adam G. Cole, and Scott T. Leatherdale. "Are School Substance Use Policy Violation Disciplinary Consequences Associated with Student Engagement in Cannabis?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 5549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155549.
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Schools are increasingly concerned about student cannabis use with the recent legalization in Canada; however, little is known about how to effectively intervene when students violate school substance use policies. The purpose of this study is to assess the disciplinary approaches present in secondary schools prior to cannabis legalization and examine associations with youth cannabis use. This study used Year 6 (2017/2018) data from the COMPASS (Cannabis use, Obesity, Mental Health, Physical Activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, Sedentary behavior) study including 66,434 students in grades 9 through 12 and the 122 secondary schools they attend in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec. Student questionnaires assessed youth cannabis use and school administrator surveys assessed potential use of 14 cannabis use policy violation disciplinary consequences through a (“check all that apply”) question. Regression models tested the association between school disciplinary approaches and student cannabis use with student- (grade, sex, ethnicity, tobacco use, binge drinking) and school-level covariates (province, school area household median income). For first-offence violations of school cannabis policies, the vast majority of schools selected confiscating the product (93%), informing parents (93%), alerting police (80%), and suspending students from school (85%), among their disciplinary response options. Few schools indicated requiring students to help around the school (5%), issuing a fine (7%), or assigning additional class work (8%) as potential consequences. The mean number of total first-offence consequences selected by schools was 7.23 (SD = 2.14). Overall, 92% of schools reported always using a progressive disciplinary approach in which sanctions get stronger with subsequent violations. Students were less likely to report current cannabis use if they attended schools that indicated assigning additional class work (OR 0.57, 95% CI (0.38, 0.84)) or alerting the police (OR 0.81, 95% CI (0.67, 0.98)) among their potential first-offence consequences, or reported always using the progressive discipline approach (OR 0.77, 95% CI (0.62, 0.96)) for subsequent cannabis policy violations. In conclusion, results reveal the school disciplinary context in regard to cannabis policy violations in the year immediately preceding legalization. Various consequences for cannabis policy violations were being used by schools, yet negligible association resulted between the type of first-offence consequences included in a school’s range of disciplinary approaches and student cannabis use.
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Cao, Sissi, and Han Yan. "Championing rural medicine." University of Western Ontario Medical Journal 83, no. 1 (December 23, 2014): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/uwomj.v83i1.4515.
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Dr Ken Milne is an emergency department physician, Chief of Emergency and Chief of Staff at South Huron Hospital Association in Exeter, Ontario. He has been an advocate for advancing the practice of rural medicine throughout his career. Originally from a farm just outside of London, Dr Milne completed both his undergraduate and graduate degrees at Western University before attending medical school in Calgary. He returned to Western in 1997 for family medicine training and began his medical career in Goderich, where he currently resides with his wife and 3 children. In addition to being a clinician, Dr Milne has been conducting research on rural medicine for the last 17 years and helped establish what is now Discovery Week, an integral part of the Schulich School of Medicine’s first-year curriculum. He is also the creator of the knowledge translation project “The Skeptic’s Guide to Emergency Medicine” (SGEM), which disseminates evidence-based information online so patients can receive the best care. We met with Dr Milne over Google Hangouts to talk about his colourful career, the unique aspects of rural medicine and the challenges he faces working in a remote location.
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Zheng, Ying, Liying Cheng, and Don A. Klinger. "Do Test Formats in Reading Comprehension Affect Second-Language Students' Test Performance Differently?" TESL Canada Journal 25, no. 1 (October 1, 2007): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v25i1.108.
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Large-scale testing in English affects second-language students not only greatly but also differently than first-language learners. The research literature reports that confounding factors in such large-scale testing such as varying test formats may differentially affect the performance of students from diverse backgrounds. An investigation of test performance between ESL/ELD students and non- ESL/ELD students on the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) was performed to investigate whether test formats in reading comprehension affected the two groups differently. The results indicate that the overall pattern of difficulty levels on the three test formats were the same between ESL/ELD students and non-ESL/ELD students, except that ESL/ELD students performed substantially lower on each format and that more variability was found among ESL/ELD students. Further, discriminant analysis results indicated that only the multiplechoice questions obtained a significant discriminant coefficient in differentiating the two groups. The results suggest a lack of association between test formats and test performance.
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Wells, Malcolm, Lee Roth, Morgan McWilliam, Kim Thompson, and Nilesh Chande. "A Cross-Sectional Study of the Association between Overnight Call and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Medical Students." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 26, no. 5 (2012): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/865915.
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BACKGROUND: Shift work has been associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which includes gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea. Overnight call shifts also lead to a disruption of the endogenous circadian rhythm.HYPOTHESIS: Medical students who perform intermittent overnight call shifts will demonstrate a higher prevalence of IBS symptoms when compared with medical students who perform no overnight call shifts.METHODS: First- and second-year (preclinical) medical students have no overnight call requirements, whereas third- and fourth-year medical (clerkship) students do have overnight call requirements. All medical students at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (London, Ontario) were invited to complete an anonymous, web-based survey or an identical paper copy that included demographic data, the Rome III questionnaire and the IBS-Quality of Life measure (IBS-QOL). The prevalence of IBS symptoms and quality of life secondary to those symptoms were determined.RESULTS: Data were available for 247 medical students (110 pre-clinical students, 118 clerkship students and 19 excluded surveys). There was no significant difference in the presence of IBS between preclinical and clerkship students (21 of 110 [19.1%] versus 26 of 118 [22.0%]; P=0.58). The were no significant differences in mean (± SD) IBS-QOL score of those with IBS between preclinical (43.5±8.3) and clerkship students (45.7±13.8) (P=0.53).CONCLUSIONS: Participation in overnight call was not associated with the development of IBS or a lower quality of life secondary to IBS in medical students.
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Woodruff, Sarah J., and Rhona M. Hanning. "Associations between diet quality and physical activity measures among a southern Ontario regional sample of grade 6 students." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, no. 6 (December 2010): 826–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-085.
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The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality and physical activity behaviours of grade 6 students by sex and body weight status, and to determine the associations between diet quality and physical activity behaviours. The Web-based Food Behaviour Questionnaire, which included a 24-h diet recall and the modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), was administered to a cross-section of schools (n = 405 students from 15 schools). Measured height and weight were used to calculate body mass index and weight status (Cole et al. 2000). A Canadian version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was used to describe overall diet quality. The mean HEI-C was 69.6 (13.2) with the majority (72%) falling into the needs improvement category. The overall mean physical activity score was 3.7 out of a maximum of 5, with obese subjects being less active compared with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression analysis (of HEI-C vs. all measures of the PAQ-C, sex, and weight status) revealed that HEI-C ratings were likely to be higher in students that walked to and from school 5 days per week (vs. 0 days per week; odds ratio 3.18, p = 0.010); and were active 1 evening per week (vs. none; odds ratio 3.48, p = 0.039). The positive association between diet quality and some aspects of physical activity suggests possible clustering of health behaviours. Future research should test the potential benefits of promoting 1 health behaviour (e.g., healthy eating) with another (e.g., physical activity).
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Chum, Antony, Andrew Nielsen, Zachary Bellows, Eddie Farrell, Pierre-Nicolas Durette, Juan M. Banda, and Gerald Cupchik. "Changes in Public Response Associated With Various COVID-19 Restrictions in Ontario, Canada: Observational Infoveillance Study Using Social Media Time Series Data." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 8 (August 25, 2021): e28716. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/28716.
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Background News media coverage of antimask protests, COVID-19 conspiracies, and pandemic politicization has overemphasized extreme views but has done little to represent views of the general public. Investigating the public’s response to various pandemic restrictions can provide a more balanced assessment of current views, allowing policy makers to craft better public health messages in anticipation of poor reactions to controversial restrictions. Objective Using data from social media, this infoveillance study aims to understand the changes in public opinion associated with the implementation of COVID-19 restrictions (eg, business and school closures, regional lockdown differences, and additional public health restrictions, such as social distancing and masking). Methods COVID-19–related tweets in Ontario (n=1,150,362) were collected based on keywords between March 12 and October 31, 2020. Sentiment scores were calculated using the VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner) algorithm for each tweet to represent its negative to positive emotion. Public health restrictions were identified using government and news media websites. Dynamic regression models with autoregressive integrated moving average errors were used to examine the association between public health restrictions and changes in public opinion over time (ie, collective attention, aggregate positive sentiment, and level of disagreement), controlling for the effects of confounders (ie, daily COVID-19 case counts, holidays, and COVID-19–related official updates). Results In addition to expected direct effects (eg, business closures led to decreased positive sentiment and increased disagreements), the impact of restrictions on public opinion was contextually driven. For example, the negative sentiment associated with business closures was reduced with higher COVID-19 case counts. While school closures and other restrictions (eg, masking, social distancing, and travel restrictions) generated increased collective attention, they did not have an effect on aggregate sentiment or the level of disagreement (ie, sentiment polarization). Partial (ie, region-targeted) lockdowns were associated with better public response (ie, higher number of tweets with net positive sentiment and lower levels of disagreement) compared to province-wide lockdowns. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the feasibility of a rapid and flexible method of evaluating the public response to pandemic restrictions using near real-time social media data. This information can help public health practitioners and policy makers anticipate public response to future pandemic restrictions and ensure adequate resources are dedicated to addressing increases in negative sentiment and levels of disagreement in the face of scientifically informed, but controversial, restrictions.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues, Ian Colman, Dorothea Dumuid, Ian Janssen, Gary S. Goldfield, Jian Li Wang, Karen A. Patte, Scott T. Leatherdale, and Jean-Philippe Chaput. "Longitudinal association between movement behaviours and depressive symptoms among adolescents using compositional data analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): e0256867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256867.
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Background Research examining the associations between movement behaviours and mental health indicators within a compositional framework are sparse and limited by their cross-sectional study design. This study has three objectives. First, to describe the change in movement behaviour composition over time. Second, to explore the association between change in movement behaviour composition and change in depressive symptoms. Third, to explore how reallocations of time between movement behaviours are associated with changes in depressive symptoms. Methods Longitudinal data of 14,620 students in grades 9–12 (mean age: 14.9 years) attending secondary schools in Canada (Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, Quebec) were obtained from two waves (2017/18, 2018/19) of the COMPASS study. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen time, and sleep duration were self-reported. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Revised)−10 (CESD-R-10). Compositional data analyses using pivot coordinates and compositional isotemporal substitution for longitudinal data were used to analyse the data. Analyses accounted for school clustering, were stratified by gender and age (< or ≥ 15 years), and were adjusted for race/ethnicity, body mass index z-score, baseline movement behaviour composition, and baseline depressive symptoms. Results There were significant differences in movement behaviour composition over time across all subgroups. For example, the relative contributions of MVPA and sleep duration to the movement behaviour composition decreased over time while screen time increased among younger boys and girls and older girls. Increasing sleep duration relative to the remaining behaviours (i.e. screen time and MVPA) was associated with lower depressive symptoms among all subgroups. Increasing screen time relative to the remaining behaviours (i.e. MVPA and sleep duration) was associated with higher depressive symptoms among all subgroups. Increasing MVPA relative to the remaining behaviours (i.e. screen time and sleep duration) was associated with lower depressive symptoms in older girls only. Isotemporal substitution estimates indicated that decreasing screen time by 60 minutes/day and replacing that time with 60 minutes of additional sleep is associated with the largest change in depressive symptoms across all subgroups. Conclusions Findings from this prospective analysis suggest that increased sleep duration and reduced screen time are important determinants of lower depressive symptoms among adolescents.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues, Jean-Philippe Chaput, and Hayley A. Hamilton. "Associations between the use of social networking sites and unhealthy eating behaviours and excess body weight in adolescents." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 11 (September 24, 2015): 1941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003566.
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AbstractUnhealthy eating behaviour and excess body weight have been related to sedentary behaviour, particularly screen time, in adolescents; however, little is known about their associations with the use of social networking sites (SNS). We investigated the associations between time spent using SNS and unhealthy eating behaviours (including breakfast skipping, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and energy drinks) and body weight in adolescents. Data on 9858 students (mean age: 15·2 (sd 1·9) years) in grades 7 through 12 were derived from the 2013 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey – a cross-sectional school-based survey of middle and high school students. The majority (81·5 %) of students reported daily use of SNS and an additional 10·7 % reported using them on an irregular basis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the use of SNS was associated with increased odds of skipping breakfast (Ptrend<0·01) and consuming SSB (Ptrend<0·01) and energy drinks (Ptrend<0·01) in a dose–response manner with adjustments for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use as well as BMI. However, there was no evidence of a significant association between use of SNS and BMI before or after adjusting for all the covariates and unhealthy eating behaviours. In conclusion, our results suggest associations between the use of SNS and unhealthy eating behaviours among youth. Given the popularity of SNS, more efforts are needed to better understand the impact of social networks on eating behaviours and risk of excess weight.
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Engel, Judith S. "Students Questioning Students (SQS): a Technique to Invite Students' Involvement." Gifted Education International 5, no. 3 (September 1988): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142948800500310.
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A most successful teaching strategy has been developed in my gifted/talented classes. Students question their peers about classwork, homework problems or aspects of the lesson, instead of doing the explaining themselves. Using the Students Questioning Students method (SOS), students stimulate their class-mates to think. Since students are involved in questioning, they become more attentive listeners to other students and to me during the lesson. Often the more capable students ask questions which reflect a high level of thinking skills. The students are taught strategies for asking questions and strategies for providing positive and specific feedback to their peers. With SQS, students have a piece of the action in learning. Their personalities emerge and the process is great fun! The students report that they wished SQS were used in all their classes at The Bronx High School of Science. SQS was a segment of the American Federation of Teachers program, “Teaching Children to Think,” in the series, “Inside Your Schools,” hosted by Steve Alien and shown on national TV in February, 1986. The entire series of programs for 1985–1986 was shown in the New York City area on educational TV in May, 1986. The presentation, which would be suitable for teachers of grades 7 through 12, has been given to the following professional organizations: Alliance for Invitational Education Association of Mathematics Teachers of New York State National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Summer Mathematics and Science Institute, Lehman College Sixth World Conference on Gifted and Talented Children The Ontario Association for Mathematics Education.
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CHARTIER, M. J., J. R. WALKER, and M. B. STEIN. "Social phobia and potential childhood risk factors in a community sample." Psychological Medicine 31, no. 2 (February 2001): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291701003348.
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Background. This study examined the relationship between potential childhood risk factors and social phobia in an epidemiological sample. Identifying risk factors such as childhood adversities can often uncover important clues as to the aetiology of a disorder. This information also enables health care providers to predict which individuals are most likely to develop the disorder.Methods. Data came from the Mental Health Supplement to the Ontario Health Survey of a survey of 8116 Canadian respondents, aged 15–64. Social phobia was diagnosed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Childhood risk factors were assessed by a series of standardized questions.Results. A positive relationship was observed between social phobia and lack of close relationship with an adult, not being first born (in males only), marital conflict in the family of origin, parental history of mental disorder, moving more than three times as a child, juvenile justice and child welfare involvement, running away from home, childhood physical and sexual abuse, failing a grade, requirement of special education before age 9 and dropping out of high school. Many of these variables remained significant after controlling for phobias, major depressive disorder and alcohol abuse. The data also suggest that some childhood risk factors may interact with gender to influence the development of social phobia.Conclusions. Although an association was detected between social phobia and childhood risk factors, naturalistic prospective studies are needed to clarify the aetiological importance of these and other potential risk factors for the disorder.
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Aquino, S. L. "Hiking Is a Great Way to Enjoy Having a Healthy Lifestyle. This Campaign Was Created to Raise Prostate Cancer Awareness." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 181s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.78300.
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Amount raised: $1500.00 Background and context: Evidence for the role of physical activity in cancer incidence is well known and increases cancer survivorship. Cancer survivors as well as new patients would like to have a more active role in their health care, including what diet and lifestyle changes they should make. Since physical exercise has attracted increasing interest in our country we decided to do and experience the first hiking activity suggested by the Honduran Urology Society as an excellent way to raise awareness about prostate cancer and how to prevent it. Aim: The key aim was to raise awareness among men and their families and therefore organize the Prostate Cancer Association for Patients since there is none in Honduras. Strategy/Tactics: We started an alliance with the doctors from Honduran National Society of Urology so they could be the official spokesman for this activity. We contacted radio stations and TV health programs in order for the physicians to educate and publicized the event. Networking the activity on social media and decided on a Sunday as the day of the event since most people were off from work and school. November was chosen as it commemorates Prostate Cancer Awareness Month. A public facility was the place chosen since it had been shortly renovated and would be an attraction for men and their families. Program process: Since prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men, we felt the need to get involved in this activity. We contacted town officials to find out if a permit was needed. We also requested local businesses to donate T-shirts, drinks and food for the participants. We asked businesses to place campaign publicity on visible areas of shopping centers. We contacted a fitness instructor to donate an hour of his time for this cause. Once the T-shirt donation arrived we had printed a logo as a symbol for our campaign. Costs and returns: Since the very beginning we decided to get the most from this campaign by getting almost everything donated and the outcome was surprisingly a positive reaction. Donated kits with a T-shirt and a water bottle were given in exchange of a registration fee of $10, there was no fee from the hiking park. What was learned: With proper tools, educating patients for early detection may be the key to successful treatment. We all can better understand the facts about prostate cancer, who it affects and what you can do about it. We learned that we made such a great team working together as one and looking forward to our 2nd hiking event for 2018.
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McDonald, Alison, Erin Lewis, Abdul Sulley, Najla Guthrie, and Mal Evans. "Gender Influences Self-Reported Use Patterns and Demographics in Canadian Cannabis Users." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa064_012.
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Abstract Objectives With federal legalization of cannabis in Canada and hemp in the USA, there is much interest in consumer demographics and use patterns. The objective of this study was to examine gender differences in cannabis use patterns and demographics in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Methods A 31 question, online market research survey was conducted on past and present cannabis use from March 2018 to October 2019, including Canadian respondents before and after federal cannabis legalization. The associations between gender and self-reported use reason and frequency, route of administration, cannabinoid, and life stage when starting were assessed. Possible differences were assessed by the Chi Square test and two sample t-test (age only). Results There were 2264 male and 1830 female respondents to the survey, with an average age of 34 ± 13 years. Across genders, the majority of users first started in high school (59.5%). Gender was associated with frequency of use (P < 0.001), higher proportions of males (73.9%) than females (61.1%) were daily users. Males more often reported using inhalation routes of administration, both vapour (43.6% M vs. 30.7% F) and smoking (85.3% M vs. 77.9% F) (P < 0.001). Interestingly, there were no significant differences in the use of sublingual (13.5% total), oral (47.0%) or suppository (0.6%) products between the groups. A greater proportion of males reported recreational cannabis use (79.6% M vs. 72.7% F) (P < 0.001). This agrees with an association between gender and reason for use for which a greater proportion of males reported using cannabis to socialize/relax (68.5% M vs. 54.8% F) and to receive a high (33.0% M vs. 22.6% F) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the psychoactive component of cannabis, THC, was the most frequently consumed cannabinoid among a greater proportion of males (38.3%) than females (25.7%). Interestingly, there were equal proportions of males and females using cannabis for digestion, controlling pain, and reducing seizures. Conclusions There are significant associations between gender and cannabis use in central Canada. Males and females report using cannabis for different reasons and in different ways and frequencies. With further research there is great potential for cannabis in health and wellness and these data are essential components to inform study design and progress this research area forward. Funding Sources KGK Science Inc.
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Popoola, Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson. "Preface to the Volume 2 Issue 2 of Indian Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2018.2.2.44.
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It is a great pleasure to introduce the second volume second issue of our journal into the global community yearning for high-quality, impactful papers. IPJAF continues to seek and provide readers throughout the world with technology supported peer-reviewed scholarly articles on a broad range of established and emergent areas of accounting, finance, business, economics, and social sciences.
I am resolute to maintain the high-quality standard of research and publication which is anchored on the exemplary service and dedication of our editorial board, editorial review and the editorial office. This volume 2, issue 2 comprises five manuscripts dealing with financial accounting, taxation, and auditing.
The first article entitled “Examining the independent audit committee, managerial ownership, independent board member and audit quality in listed banks” by Dr. Hisar Pangaribuana (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia), Dr. Jenny Sihombinga (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia), and Dr. Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) examines the effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership and independent board member on audit quality in the Indonesian listed banks. The unit of analysis is companies carrying on the banking business and listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) between the period of 2010 to 2015. This study is explanatory (i.e., causal predictive), and uses the second generation structural equation modelling statistical analysis tools, PLS-SEM and PROCESS Partial Least Square for hypotheses testing. The results show that the independent board member has a significant impact on the independent audit committee and the audit quality. The study reveals that managerial ownership does not influence audit quality. The adoption of the independent audit committee with a long tenure of years can be potentially risky and less creative. As a result, their oversight functions may be in jeopardy, impaired or reduced performances. The research findings reveal no significant indirect effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership, independent board member and audit quality in the banks listed in IDX. Independent board members need to renew the appointment of the independent audit committee members to improve the quality of the oversight functions undertaken by the audit committee, and hence, enhance audit quality. The authors suggest further research on the ideal level of managerial ownership and number of an independent board member to produce a good audit quality in the Indonesian listed banks.
The second article titled “Salaried taxpayers’ internal states and assessment performance under self-assessment system: a quasi-experimental evaluation” by Dr. Noraza Mat Udin (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) takes a look at the first reform that impacts taxpayers, that is, the implementation of self-assessment system (SAS) to replace the old assessment system in 2004. The perception is that SAS had entirely changed the taxpayers’ responsibilities from being assessed by the tax authority to a person who is responsible for assessing own income tax liability. Her study explores the public fora debates on whether taxpayers can perform their responsibilities that were previously handled by trained tax personnel in Malaysia. Her paper reports the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation of salaried individual taxpayers’ in the early stage of SAS implementation. She argues that a lot needs to be done, notwithstanding SAS had been implemented for more than a decade, the problem of taxpayer performance is continuing due to the dynamic nature of taxation in reality. The data were collected using a quasi-experimental method known as posttest-only no-treatment control group design. The sample comprised post-graduate students, who were actual taxpayers. Among the elements of the taxpayer’s internal states considered in this study, tax knowledge was found to have a significant relationship with assessment performance. Further analysis was conducted which showed that the majority of tax knowledge dimensions had a significant relationship with taxpayer assessment performance. The findings of this study have contributed to the body of knowledge because there is a general dearth of published research, particularly in Malaysia that investigates taxpayer assessment performance especially using an experimental approach.
The third article with a caption, “Working capital management and firm performance: lessons learnt during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 in Nigeria” by Mr. Sunday Simon (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Dr. Norfaiezah Sawandi (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Prof. Dr. Mohamad Ali Abdul-Hamid (Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirate) examines the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and firm performance during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 in Nigeria. The authors argue that the financial crisis could be attributable to the deterioration and ultimate failure of WCM performance that affected many Nigerian firms. During the crisis, lending conditions were deeply affected, and financing operations became challenging for firms. Although research findings on the causes and effects of the crisis on the economy are known, what remains unknown is whether the financial crisis had a significant impact on WCM performance. The differences between the two periods, the crisis period and then after the crisis period, is operationalised through two analyses. The findings indicate that WCM variables have more explanatory power (R2) in the period after the crisis than during the crisis. Also, the results of the Cramer Z-statistic, which examined between sample comparisons of the R2, revealed that the Z-scores are significant, implying that a significant difference existed between the two periods. It suffices to say that WCM was affected during the financial crisis and led to low profitability, whereas, during the after-crisis period, WCM associates with higher profitability. These findings have implications for managers and policymakers because access to financing has become a global problem and adequate WCM management increases a company’s resilience to financial and external shocks.
The fourth article entitled “The Influence of Technology Readiness on Information Technology Competencies and Civil Conflict Environment” by Prof. Dr. Kamil Md. Idris (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Associate Prof. Dr. Akilah Abdullah (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Haetham H. Kasem Alkhaffaf (OYA Graduate School of Business, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Al-Hasan Al-Aidaros (Islamic Business School, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia). Their study confirms prior findings that the Technology Readiness scale can capture the association among technology readiness and technology usage behaviours. The study also expands earlier research by investigating the impact of technology readiness on individual competency among accountants to using IT in a workplace under the intensity of civil conflict in Iraqi environment. The result shows that there is a positive significant relationship between technology readiness and the IT competencies of Iraqi accountants. It implies that the technology readiness regarding willingness, enthusiasm, and motivation of accountants using IT has an impact on their IT competencies. In other words, the higher the readiness of the accountants in making use of technology, the higher their competence in the use of IT. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in terms of theory, method and practice in Iraq especially and developing countries in general.
The fifth article titled “Mediating effect of Quality-differentiated Auditor on the relationship between Managerial ownership and Monitoring mechanisms” and authored by Dr. Rachael Oluyemisi Arowolo (Chrisland University, Nigeria), Prof. Dr. Ayoib Che-Ahmad (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Dr. Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) and Dr. Hisar Pangaribuana (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia) examines the relationship between Managerial Ownership (MO) and MMs with quality-differentiated auditors (QDA) as the channel for the relationship. Over the past decade, most studies in corporate governance and audit market emphasised the importance of monitoring mechanisms (MM), especially after the global economic meltdown resulting from the Enron saga. The literature on MM continues growing as many countries especially the Sub-Saharan Africa are still struggling to come out of the effect of the economic meltdown and businesses continues to fail or merge. The study used data from non-financial listed companies in Nigeria providing empirical supports that MO significantly associates with MMs in the right direction. Likewise, QDA also influences the MMs in the right direction suggesting that QDA is necessarily required to enhance adequate MMs. The findings of this study provide support for the association of MO and MMs with the intervention of QDA for solutions to agency problems. Companies should, therefore, motivate the management to own shares within the reasonable range that aligns the interest of the management with that of the shareholders. This paper adds to knowledge especially in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa by examining a mediating effect to depict the relationship between MO and MM, which are not evident in prior studies
It is my conviction that in the coming year, the vision of IPJAF to publish high-quality manuscripts in the established and emergent areas of accounting and finance from academic and professional researchers will be sustained and appreciated.
As you read throughout this volume 2, issue 2 of IPJAF, I would like to remind you that the success of our journal depends on you, your friends and colleagues as stakeholder through the submission of high-quality articles for review and publication.
Once again, I acknowledge with gratitude your continued support as we strive to make IPJAF the most authoritative journal on accounting and finance for the community of academic, professional, industry, society and government.
Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola, PhD
Editor-in-Chief
popoola@omjpalpha.com
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Kmiec, Patricia. "“Take this Normal Class Idea and Carry it throughout the Land”: Sunday School Teacher Training in Late Nineteenth-Century Ontario." Historical Studies in Education / Revue d'histoire de l'éducation, April 11, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32316/hse/rhe.v24i1.4082.
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AbstractBy 1874, the interdenominational Protestant Sunday school community in Ontario was wellestablished, with over 4,000 schools and 34,000 teachers connected through the SabbathSchool Association of Canada. From private prayer to centralized normal schools with qualifyingexaminations, various approaches to teacher education were debated and practiced withinthe Sunday school community. This paper traces the increasingly formal training that Sundayschool teachers underwent over the last half of the nineteenth century. This analysis highlightshow Sunday schools across Ontario continued to be directed by their workers at the locallevel, even as there was increasing centralization and standardization over the last half of thenineteenth century. It also suggests that the adult education provided within this communityextended well beyond the Sunday school classroom.RésuméEn 1874, le réseau des écoles du dimanche interconfessionnelles protestantes étaient bien établiesen Ontario avec plus de 4 000 écoles et 34 000 enseignants réunis au sein de la SabbathSchool Association of Canada. De la prière en privé aux examens de qualification des écolesnormales centralisées, diverses approches de formation en enseignement étaient discutées etmises en pratique dans la communauté des écoles du dimanche. Cet article retrace la formationde plus en plus standardisée dispensée aux enseignants des écoles du dimanche durant la secondemoitié du 19e siècle. Notre analyse souligne que les écoles du dimanche étaient toujoursdirigées par des travailleurs locaux, malgré les processus de standardisation et de centralisationdurant cette période. Nous affirmons également que l’éducation aux adultes dispensée danscette communauté continuait bien au-delà de la salle de classe de l’école du dimanche
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Buccino, Jennifer, and Leslie Whittington-Carter. "Successes and Challenges Implementing a “Fresh from the Farm” Fundraising Program in Schools." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research, December 15, 2020, 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2020-034.
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In 2013, 4 partner organizations: Dietitians of Canada (DC); Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; and Ontario Ministry of Education created “Fresh from the Farm” (FFF), a healthy fundraiser for Ontario Schools. FFF was designed to support the Ontario government’s School Food and Beverage Policy and Local Food Act and to provide a feasible alternative for less healthy fundraising options. This paper outlines the program successes and challenges over the 6 years of DC’s involvement. After 6 years, over 1700 schools successfully participated in FFF and over $2 million has been paid to Ontario farmers for product and distribution. The average participating school has generated $2040 in sales towards their fundraising efforts, equating to 770 kg (1700 lbs) of fresh produce per school. Schools reported high satisfaction with FFF, with over 90% of participating schools enrolling in subsequent years. The main reasons for satisfaction included: easy to implement, profitable, offers a healthy alternative to “traditional” fundraising programs, and provides great value for cost. The main challenges were logistics of sourcing and delivery, higher than anticipated costs that made the financial model less feasible than predicted, and competition from other fundraisers.
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Buajitti, Emmalin, Xavier Fazio, Jeremy A. Lewis, and Laura C. Rosella. "Association between lead in school drinking water systems and educational outcomes in Ontario, Canada." Annals of Epidemiology, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.09.011.
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MacLellan, Duncan. "Neoliberalism and Ontario Teachers’ Unions: A “Not-So” Common Sense Revolution." Socialist Studies/Études Socialistes 5, no. 1 (August 3, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.18740/s4tc7r.
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This paper will critically analyze the degree to which the Ontario government, led by then Premier Mike Harris, embarked on a neoliberal agenda that led to a crisis in Ontario’s educational system. The period from 1995-2000 was one of the most contentious in Ontario’s educational history, and two pieces of legislation, The College of Teachers Act (Bill 31) and the Education Quality Improvement Act (Bill 160), pitted teacher unions, in particular, the Ontario Secondary School Teachers’ Federation (OSSTF) and the Ontario English Catholic Teachers’ Association (OECTA), against the Harris government. Bill 160 led to a ten-day protest by teachers across Ontario, which signaled a dramatic shift in teacher and state relations that marked a crisis period in Ontario’s educational sector.
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Feir, Donna L. "The Intergenerational Effects of Residential Schools on Children’s Educational Experiences in Ontario and Canada’s Western Provinces." International Indigenous Policy Journal 7, no. 3 (July 28, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2016.7.3.5.
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The intergenerational effects of Canada’s Indian Residential Schools have been widely discussed, but limited empirical work exists. I use the confidential wave of the 2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey of Children and Youth (APSCY) to study the association between mothers’ residential school attendance and their children’s educational outcomes and experiences in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia. Holding a number of factors constant, I demonstrate that children whose mothers attended residential school are more likely to be suspended or expelled and have worse school experiences on average than children whose mothers did not. Children are also more likely to live off reserve and less likely to speak an Aboriginal language if their mothers attended a residential school. I also examine some contextual factors that may influence the relationship between mothers’ residential school attendance and their children’s educational outcomes. These findings suggest that dealing with the intergenerational legacy of residential schools is necessary for improving the educational outcomes of today’s Aboriginal youth.
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Maliszewski, Diana. "Factors that support the development of exemplary school library programs." IASL Annual Conference Proceedings, February 11, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iasl7775.
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This paper will examine a wide range of studies related to the factors that support the development of exemplary school library programs and then focus on the context for Ontario, Canada. In 2003, the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (as cited in IASL, 2008) reviewed research studies to answer the question “What effects do school libraries have on student achievement?” and they concluded that “school library characteristics may account for up to 8 percent of the variance in reading-related test scores” [emphasis added] (p. 1). Consequently, it is important to identify the characteristics that make a school library exemplary although they are not always indicative of student achievement and learning.
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"1996 Teaching Award Winners." Teaching of Psychology 23, no. 3 (October 1996): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009862839602300302.
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The Society for the Teaching of Psychology—Division Two of APA celebrated the 17th year of its annual Teaching Awards Program at the August convention of the American Psychological Association in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 1996 winners received a plaque and a check for $500. Recognition for outstanding teaching was given in each of the following categories: (a) Robert S. Daniel Award (4-year college or university professor), (b) Moffett Memorial Award (high school teacher), and (c) McKeachie Early Career Award (graduate student). No award was given this year for the 2-year college category.
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Malik, Sofya. "Knowledge Mobilization for Impact: A Multi-Case Study of Education Organizations." International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership 16, no. 6 (April 12, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.22230/ijepl.2020v16n6a945.
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Using a multi-case design, this study draws on empirical evidence and literature to analyze the knowledge mobilization approaches in educational organizations. The sample consists of four different types of education organizations in Ontario, Canada: a school board, a university, a not-for-profit, and a professional association. Data sources include publicly available websites and documents (n = 63) and key informant interviews (n = 18). Although research impact was operationalized and observed differently in these organizations, measures of impact were found to be ineffectual in all cases. This article validates the findings of existing studies that have found that there are limited instrumental uses of research, wherein research directly influences policy and practice decisions. The study calls for a careful discernment and applicability of research impact.
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Chaimowitz, Gary, Heather Moulden, Casey Upfold, Katelyn Mullally, and Mini Mamak. "The Ontario Forensic Mental Health System: A Population-based Review: Le système ontarien de services psychiatriques médico-légaux: Une étude dans la population." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, June 10, 2021, 070674372110231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07067437211023103.
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to increase the understanding of the Canadian forensic psychiatry system by providing a population-based overview of the Ontario forensic mental health system. Methods: Data were collected on 1,240 accused adults who were subject to the jurisdiction of the Ontario Review Board (ORB) between 2014 and 2015. Archival data were retrieved from annual ORB hearing hospital reports for accused supervised by all nine adult forensic psychiatry facilities across Ontario. Results: The sample included not criminally responsible (NCR; 91.6%) and unfit to stand trial (UST; 8.4%) accused. The majority of the sample was male (85.7%), single (70.1%), unemployed (63.6%), with a high school education (48.8%). Most were on a detention order (78.5%) and almost half were living in the community at the time of the report (48.8%). The majority had prior contact with psychiatric services (83.1%) and/or the criminal justice system (70.6%) before entering the forensic system. A history of elopement (31.5%) and inpatient aggression was high (60.6%). Most had a psychotic spectrum disorder (81.6%) and over half had a substance use disorder (57.2%) in the reporting year. A range of index offences was observed (69.9% violent, 20.3% general, 9.8% sexual), and the majority of the sample (61.0%) had an index offence that resulted in no injury or a minor injury to the victim. Conclusion: The Canadian forensic psychiatry system is comprised of a unique subset of justice-involved individuals. This study provides a detailed examination of accused who are subject to the jurisdiction of the ORB and provides key insight into risk factors associated with offending behaviour in this population. The results of this study will provide a framework for future studies examining the association between mental disorder and violence and the treatment trajectories for those in the forensic psychiatry system.
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Hobin, Erin P., Scott T. Leatherdale, Steve Manske, Joel A. Dubin, Susan Elliott, and Paul Veugelers. "A multilevel examination of gender differences in the association between features of the school environment and physical activity among a sample of grades 9 to 12 students in Ontario, Canada." BMC Public Health 12, no. 1 (January 24, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-74.
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Vina, Ernest R., Cristian Quinones, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Said A. Ibrahim, and C. Kent Kwoh. "Association of Patients’ Familiarity and Perceptions of Efficacy and Risks With the Use of Opioid Medications in the Management of Osteoarthritis." Journal of Rheumatology, January 15, 2021, jrheum.201133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.201133.
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Objective While opioids are known to cause unintended adverse effects, they are being utilized by a number of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of patient familiarity and perceptions regarding efficacy and risks with opioid medication use for OA. Methods A total of 362 adults with knee and/or hip OA were surveyed in this cross-sectional study. Patients’ familiarity with and perceptions of benefits/risks of opioid medications were measured to evaluate potential associations with the utilization of opioid medications for OA within the last 6 months. Logistic regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Results In this sample, 28.7% (100/349) reported use of an opioid medication for OA-related symptoms in the last 6 months. Those who were on an opioid medication, compared to those who were not, were younger (mean age 62.5 vs 64.8 yrs), were more likely to have a high school education or lower (48.0% vs 35.3%), and had higher mean depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-8 7.2 vs 4.9) and OA-related pain (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index [WOMAC] 54.8 vs 46.8) scores. After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical variables, the following were associated with opioid medication use: higher perception of medication benefit (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18–2.41), lower perception of medication risk (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.51–0.88), and having family or friends who received the medication for OA (OR 3.88, 95% CI 1.88–8.02). Conclusion Among adults with knee/hip OA, opioid use was associated with being familiar with the treatment, as well as believing that the medication was beneficial and low-risk.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., K. Lalande, and I. Colman. "Cyberbullying victimisation and internalising and externalising problems among adolescents: the moderating role of parent–child relationship and child's sex." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 29 (November 13, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796018000653.
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Abstract Aims Previous research has found links between cyberbullying victimisation and internalising and externalising problems among adolescents. However, little is known about the factors that might moderate these relationships. Thus, the present study examined the relationships between cyberbullying victimisation and psychological distress, suicidality, self-rated poor mental health and substance use among adolescents, and tested whether parent–child relationship and child's sex would moderate these relationships. Methods Self-report data on experiences of cyberbullying victimisation, self-rated poor mental health, psychological distress, suicidality and substance use were derived from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a province-wide school-based survey of students in grades 7 through 12 aged 11–20 years (N = 5478). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, subjective socioeconomic status and involvement in physical fighting, bullying victimisation and perpetration at school. Results Cyberbullying victimisation was associated with self-rated poor mental health (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64–2.81), psychological distress (OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.90–3.06), suicidal ideation (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.83–3.08) and attempts (OR 2.07; 95% CI 1.27–3.38), smoking tobacco cigarette (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.45–2.65), cannabis use (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.32–2.51), and binge drinking (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.03–2.02). The association between cyberbullying victimisation and psychological distress was modified by parent–child relationship and child's sex (three-way interaction term p < 0.05). The association between cyberbullying victimisation and psychological distress was much stronger among boys who have a negative relationship with their parents. Conclusions Findings suggest that cyberbullying victimisation is strongly associated with psychological distress in most adolescents with the exception of males who get along well with their parents. Further research using a longitudinal design is necessary to disentangle the interrelationship among child's sex, parent–child relationship, cyberbullying victimisation and mental health outcomes among adolescents in order to improve ongoing mental health prevention efforts.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Gary S. Goldfield, Ian Janssen, JianLi Wang, Hayley A. Hamilton, Mark A. Ferro, and Ian Colman. "The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Psychological Distress among Adolescents: Les Directives canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures et la détresse psychologique chez les adolescents." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, November 27, 2020, 070674372097086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743720970863.
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Objective: The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommend at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day, 2 hours or less of recreational screen time per day, and 9 to 11 hours of sleep per night for 5 to 13 years old and 8 to 10 hours per night for 14 to 17 years old. This study examined the association between meeting these guidelines and psychological distress among adolescents. Methods: The present cross-sectional sample included 6,364 students aged 11 to 20 years from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. This provincially representative school-based survey is based on a 2-stage cluster design. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was first conducted to confirm the factor structure of the K6, and structural equation modeling adjusted for age, sex, ethnoracial background, subjective socioeconomic status, and body mass index z-score was used to investigate the association between meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and K6 factors among adolescents. Results: The CFA demonstrated that a 2-factor model (representing anxiety and depressive symptoms) of the K6 fit the data well. The anxiety and depression items demonstrated a composite reliability (Cronbach’s α) of 0.86 and 0.83, respectively, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Compared to meeting none of the recommendations, meeting all 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower anxiety (β = −0.076; P = 0.028) and depressive symptoms (β = −0.067; P = 0.028). Meeting the screen time + sleep duration recommendations had the strongest association with anxiety (β = −0.157; P < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (β = −0.139; P < 0.001), followed by meeting the sleep duration recommendation only for both anxiety (β = −0.135; P < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (β = −0.106; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was associated with lower anxiety and depressive symptoms among adolescents, and these associations appear mainly driven by meeting the sleep duration recommendation.
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"Abstracts: Language testing." Language Teaching 40, no. 4 (September 7, 2007): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444807004612.
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07–604Abbott, Marilyn (Alberta Education, Canada; marilyn.abbott@gov.ab.ca), A confirmatory approach to differential item functioning on an ESL reading assessment. Language Testing (Sage) 24.1 (2007), 7–36.07–605Barber, Richard (Dubai Women's College, UAE), A practical model for creating efficient in-house placement tests. The Language Teacher (Japan Association for Language Teaching) 31.2 (2007), 3–7.07–606Cheng, Liying, Don Klinger & Ying Zheng (Queen's U, Canada; chengl@edu.queensu.ca), The challenges of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test for second language students. Language Testing (Sage) 24.2 (2007), 185–208.07–607Cohen, Andrew (U Minnesota, USA) & Thomas Upton, ‘I want to go back to the text’: Response strategies on the reading subtest of the new TOEFL®. Language Testing (Sage) 24.2 (2007), 209–250.07–608Dávid, Gergely (Eötvös Loránd U, Hungary; david.soproni@t-online.hu), Investigating the performance of alternative types of grammar items. Language Testing (Sage) 24.1 (2007), 65–97.07–609Elder, Catherine (U Melbourne, Australia; caelder@unimelb.edu.au), Gary Barkhuizen, Ute Knoch & Janet Von Randow, Evaluating rater responses to an online training program for L2 writing assessment. Language Testing (Sage) 24.1 (2007), 37–64.07–610Qian, David (The Hong Kong Polytechnic U, China; David.Qian@polyu.edu.hk), Assessing university students: Searching for an English language exit test. RELC Journal (Sage) 38.1 (2007), 18–37.07–611Scott Walters, Francis (U New York, USA; Francis.Walters@qc.cuny.edu), A conversation-analytic hermeneutic rating protocol to assess L2 oral pragmatic competence. Language Testing (Sage) 24.2 (2007), 155–183.07–612Shiotsu, Toshihiko (Kurume U, Japan; toshihiko_shiotsu@kurume-u.ac.jp) & Cyril Weir, The relative significance of syntactic knowledge and vocabulary breadth in the prediction of reading comprehension test performance. Language Testing (Sage) 24.1 (2007), 99–128.07–613Vanderveen, Terry (Kangawa U, Japan), The effect of EFL students' self-monitoring on class achievement test scores. JALT Journal (Japan Association for Language Teaching) 28.2 (2006), 197–206.07–614Xi, Xiaoming (Educational Testing Service, USA; xxi@ets.org), Evaluating analytic scoring for the TOEFL® Academic Speaking Test (TAST) for operational use. Language Testing (Sage) 24.2 (2007), 251–286.
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Holwerda, Leslie. "crush.candy.corpse: What really happened in the forty-first hour? by S. McNicoll." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 2, no. 3 (December 24, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/g2m59c.
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McNicoll, Sylvia. crush.candy.corpse: What really happened in the forty-first hour? Toronto: James Lorimer & Co. Ltd, 2012. Print. Sunny is sixteen and is accused of the manslaughter of a woman with Alzheimer’s whom she had met as a volunteer at a senior’s home. Sunny, named so by her own grandmother, has two pink strips in the front of her hair and an attitude that is not appreciated by the supervisor at Paradise Manor. Sunny's attitude extends to her choice of boyfriend and to ignoring her parents’ request that she not see him after they are caught shoplifting. Sunny's immigrant parents work long hours managing a condo. Occasionally, Sunny helps out at the condo office but she would prefer to work at Salon Teo as a hairdresser. Sunny and her family are also dealing with her mother’s ongoing treatment of a cancer. These issues create the path that leads Sunny to her arrest for manslaughter. Sunny is hurt and frightened; she is confused and defiant as she begins her compulsory forty volunteer hours in order to graduate from high school. Sunny is a realistic and believable protagonist experiencing authentic events and responding with genuine reactions. As we review each visit to Paradise Manor in Sunny’s required English journal and through the events of the trial, we witness the changes that many teens experience as they mature. Her relationships with the victim’s grandson, the victim and the other residents at the Manor change as she progresses through her forty hour sentence. Sunny’s frank opinions, spontaneous reactions and often caring participation in Manor bingo, birthday parties and funerals show us the true nature of her being. Sunny develops a crush and becomes close to a fellow volunteer whose grandmother is a resident at Paradise Manor. This relationship hovers around her while she volunteers and helps her come to terms with the loss of her own grandmother and creates the dilemma of choosing between the boy at the manor and the one she is secretly dating. Some readers like myself may hesitate to select a book about an Alzheimer’s ward, but this reasoning will be unfounded, even when the issue of euthanasia intrudes on the experiences of the two young volunteers. The subject is dealt with honestly and with a genuine understanding of the patients, the families and the caregivers. My own experience with the disease rang true in this story. Even young readers without the experience of living with Alzheimer's disease can relate to and understand Sunny's experiences at Paradise Manor. Without burdening the reader with Canadian justice system legal jargon and procedure, we experience the trial as an equal companion to Sunny's narrative and her journal entries. McNicoll is the author of twenty-seven books and five award-winning titles including Bringing up Beauty. crush.candy.corpse is nominated for the Ontario Library Association Red Maple Award 2013. Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Leslie Holwerda Leslie Holwerda is a teacher-librarian/literacy coach at Lougheed Middle School in Brampton Ontario. She has been a teacher-librarian for ten years and loves reading, selecting and recommending books for readers. She is especially interested in encouraging reluctant readers to pick up and read books no matter the genre, topic or format. The opportunity to motivate readers with e-books and reading apps in the school library is an exciting prospect.
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Sulz, David. "News and Announcements." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 2, no. 4 (April 15, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/g2gg63.
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Welcome to spring for many of our readers - except those of us in northern Alberta where winter, beautiful winter, just won’t let go this year. You can be sure that we will appreciate spring all the more when it finally takes hold.On a sad note, Andrea Deakin (for whom this publication is named), informed us that Jan Ormerod recently passed away. The Guardian’s obituary of Sunday, February 3, 2013 reminds us that Jan Ormerod “brought a fresh vision to children's picturebooks with her luminous images, storytelling genius and understanding of how children behave” and that she was “admired for her ability to cut away all that was unnecessary in her stories.” (www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/feb/03/jan-ormerod).Although too late for interested groups to participate in the voting this year, the Rocky Mountain Book Award winners will be announced on April 23, 2013. This is a readers’ choice award in its 13th year where groups of students in grades 4-7 read, then vote for, their favourite book from a shortlist of “exemplary Canadian literature” chosen by a committee of teachers, librarians, parents, and students. The award is sponsored in part by the Lethbridge (Alberta) school district and the University of Lethbridge. All the information about participating and pervious winners is at http://rmba.lethsd.ab.ca/index.htm (although the website design is a little challenging to use).As indicated in our last issue, the various 2013 awards from the Association for Library Service to Children division of the American Library Association have been announced. The 2013 Newbery Medal (contribution to American literature for children) winner was The One and Only Ivan by Katherine Applegate. The 2013 Caldecott Medal (picture book artist) winner wasThis Is Not My Hat, written and illustrated by Jon Klassen. For other medal winners as well as “honor book” recognition, see www.ala.org/alsc/awardsgrants/bookmedia.By the way, if keeping track of book awards is a favourite past-time, have a look at the Canadian Children’s Award Index posted by the Canadian Children’s Book Centre at www.bookcentre.ca/awards/canadian_awards_index. I hope you have lots of free time if you want to keep track of them all.On that note, have a wonderful spring and start setting aside piles of books for your summer reading pleasure.David Sulz, Communications EditorDavid is a Public Services Librarian at University of Alberta and liaison librarian to Economics, Religious Studies, and Social Work. He has university studies in Library Studies, History, Elementary Education, Japanese, and Economics; he formerly taught in schools and museums. His interests include physical activity, music, home improvements, and above all, things Japanese.
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Laverty, Megan J. "Philosophy in Schools: Then and Now." Journal of Philosophy in Schools 1, no. 1 (October 16, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.21913/jps.v1i1.996.
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It is twelve years since the article you are about to read was published. During that time, the philosophy in schools movement has expanded and diversified in response to curriculum developments (see Cam 1993, 1997, 1998; Kennedy 2013; Sprod 2001; Wartenberg 2009, 2013; Worley 2011), teaching guides (see Cam 1994, 2006; Freakley, Burgh & MacSporran 2008; Goering, Shudak & Wartenberg 2013; McCall 2009; Wilks 1996), web-based resources, dissertations, empirical research (Daniel & Michel 2000; Leckey 2001; Garcia-Moryon, Rebollo & Colom 2005; Reznitskaya 2005; Russell 2002) and theoretical scholarship (Davey Chesters 2012; Hand & Winstanley 2008; Haynes & Murris 2012; Kennedy 2006; Kohan 2014a, 2014b; Lone 2012; Lone & Israeloff 2012; Shapiro 2012; Sprod 2001). Philosophy and philosophy of education journals regularly publish articles and special issues on pre-college philosophy. There are more opportunities for undergraduate and graduate philosophy students to practice and research philosophy for/with children in schools. The Ontario Philosophy Teachers Association (OPTA) (founded in 1999) reports that in English-speaking Canada there are over 28,000 senior high school students studying philosophy in over 440 schools, and philosophy is now a Teachable Qualification (for an overview see Pinto, McDonough & Boyd 2006). In the USA, the Philosophy Learning and Teaching Organization (PLATO) was founded in 2009 to create a network of pre-college philosophy teachers. With the loss of its founders—Matthew Lipman (1922-2010), Ann Margaret Sharp (1942-2010) and Gareth Matthews (1929-2011)—the Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (IAPC) is developing a digital archive in P4C. My original article was inspired by the design (1999) and pilot (2000) of a new philosophy elective for the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE). This initiative garnered considerable interest from the P4C community because many believed that (a) the decision to offer a VCE philosophy elective reflected the effectiveness and popularity of P4C in elementary schools, and (b) the new philosophy elective would establish P4C as an essential prerequisite for the study of philosophy in senior secondary school and at university. In my view, enthusiasts overlooked an important difference in the conception of philosophy informing the new philosophy elective: it introduced students to the theoretical or academic discipline of philosophy, whereas P4C conceived of philosophy as a wisdom tradition—otherwise known as the art of living.
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"Language learning." Language Teaching 40, no. 3 (June 20, 2007): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444807004387.
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07–398Ammar, Ahlem (U de Montréal, Canada; ahlem.ammar@umontreal.ca) & Nina Spada, One size fits all? Recasts, prompts, and L2 learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.4 (2006), 543–574.07–399August, Gail (Hostos Community College, USA), So, what's behind adult English second language reading?Bilingual Research Journal (National Association for Bilingual Education) 30.2 (2006), 245–264.07–400Beasley, Robert (Franklin College, USA; rbeasley@franklincollege.edu), Yuangshan Chuang& Chao-chih Liao, Determinants and effects of English language immersion in Taiwanese EFL learners engaged in online music study. The Reading Matrix (Readingmatrix.com) 6.3 (2006), 330–339.07–401Brown, Jill (Monash U, Australia), Jenny Miller & Jane Mitchell, Interrupted schooling and the acquisition of literacy: Experiences of Sudanese refugees in Victorian secondary schools. Australian Journal of Language and Literacy (Australian Literacy Educators' Association) 29.2 (2006), 150–162.07–402Bunch, George C. (U California, USA), ‘Academic English’ in the 7th grade: Broadening the lens, expanding access. Journal of English for Academic Purposes (Elsevier) 5.4 (2006), 284–301.07–403Chambers, Andrea (Insa de Lyon, France; andrea.emara@insa-lyon.fr) & Stephen Bax (Canterbury Christ Church U, UK), Making CALL work: Towards normalisation. System (Elsevier) 34.4 (2006), 465–479.07–404Chan, Alice (City U of Hong Kong, China; enalice@cityu.edu.hk), Strategies used by Cantonese speakers in pronouncing English initial consonant clusters: Insights into the interlanguage phonology of Cantonese ESL learners in Hong Kong. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching (Walter de Gruyter) 44.4 (2006), 331–355.07–405Coulter, Cathy (Arizona State U, USA) & Mary Lee Smith, English language learners in a comprehensive high school. Bilingual Research Journal (National Association for Bilingual Education) 30.2 (2006), 309–335.07–406Elia, Antonella (U Naples, Italy; aelia@unina.it), Language learning in tandem via skype. The Reading Matrix (Readingmatrix.com) 6.3 (2006), 269–280.07–407Ellis, Rod (U Auckland, New Zealand; r.ellis@auckland.ac.nz) & Younghee Sheen, Reexamining the role of recasts in second language acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.4 (2006), 575–600.07–408Farrell, Thomas S. C. (Brock U, Canada; tfarrell@brocku.ca) & Christophe Mallard, The use of reception strategies by learners of French as a foreign language. The Modern Language Journal (Blackwell) 90.3 (2006), 338–352.07–409Feuer, Avital (York U, Canada), Parental influences on language learning in Hebrew Sunday school classes. Language, Culture and Curriculum (Multilingual Matters) 19.3 (2006), 266–27707–410Harada, Tetsuo (Waseda U, Japan; tharada@waseda.jp), The acquisition of single and geminate stops by English-speaking children in a Japanese immersion program. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.4 (2006), 601–632.07–411Karlsson, Leena (Helsinki U, Finland; leena.karlsson@helsinki.fi) Felicity Kjisik & Joan Nordlund, Language counselling: A critical and integral component in promoting an autonomous community of learning. System (Elsevier) 35.1 (2007), 46–65.07–412Lieberman, Moti (American U, USA; aoshima@american.edu) Sachiko Aoshima & Colin Phillips, Nativelike biases in generation ofwh-questions by nonnative speakers of Japanese. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.3 (2006), 423–448.07–413Macaro, Ernesto (U Oxford; ernesto.macaro@edstud.ox.ac.uk), Strategies for language learning and for language use: Revising the theoretical framework. The Modern Language Journal (Blackwell) 90.3 (2006), 320–337.07–414Matsuzaki Carreira, Junko (Tsuda College, Japan), Motivation for learning English as a foreign language in Japanese elementary schools. JALT Journal (Japan Association for Language Teaching) 28.2 (2006), 135–157.07–415Mohan, Bernard & Tammy Slater (U British Columbia, Canada), Examining the theory/practice relation in a high school science register: A functional linguistic perspective. Journal of English for Academic Purposes (Elsevier) 5.4 (2006), 302–316.07–416Mozzon-McPherson, Marina (U Hull, UK; M.Mozzon-Mcpherson@hull.ac.uk), Supporting independent learning environments: An analysis of structures and roles of language learning advisers. System (Elsevier) 35.1 (2007), 66–92.07–417Napier, Jemina (Macquarie U, Australia), Effectively teaching discourse to sign language interpreting students. Language, Culture and Curriculum (Multilingual Matters) 19.3 (2006), 251–265.07–418Nassaji, Hossein (U Victoria, Canada; nassaji@uvic.ca), The relationship between depth of vocabulary knowledge and L2 learners' lexical inferencing strategy use and success. The Modern Language Journal (Blackwell) 90.3 (2006), 387–401.07–419Nıxon, Helen & Barbara Comber (U South Australia, Australia; helen.nixon@unisa.edu.au), Differential recognition of children's cultural practices in middle primary literacy classrooms. Literacy (Oxford University Press) 40.3 (2006), 127–136.07–420Reinders, Hayo (U Auckland, New Zealand; system@hayo.nl), Supporting independent learning environments: An analysis of structures and roles of language learning advisers. System (Elsevier) 35.1 (2007), 93–111.07–421Sangpıl Byon, Andrew (State U New York, USA), Language socialization in Korean as-a-foreign-language classrooms. Bilingual Research Journal (National Association for Bilingual Education) 30.2 (2006), 265–291.07–422Song, Bailin (City U New York, USA), Content-based ESL instruction: Long-term effects and outcomes. English for Specific Purposes (Elsevier) 25.4 (2006), 420–437.07–423Soonhyang, Kim (Ohio State U, Columbus, USA), Academic oral communication needs of East Asian international graduate students in non-science and non-engineering fields. English for Specific Purposes (Elsevier) 25.4 (2006), 479–489.07–424Stroud, Christopher (U West Cape, South Africa; cstroud@uwc.ac.za) & Lionel Wee, Anxiety and identity in the language classroom. RELC Journal (Sage) 37.3 (2006), 299–307.07–425Sunderman, Gretchen (Florida State U, USA; gsunderm@fsu.edu) & Judith F. Kroll, First language activation during second language lexical processing: An investigation of lexical form, meaning, and grammatical class. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.3 (2006), 387–422.07–426Woodrow, Lindy J. (U Sydney, Australia; l.woodrow@edfac.usyd.edu.au), A model of adaptive language learning. The Modern Language Journal (Blackwell) 90.3 (2006), 297–319.07–427Xuesong, Gao (U Hong Kong, China; Gao@hkusua.hku.hk), Strategies used by Chinese parents to support English language learning. RELC Journal (Sage) 37.3 (2006), 285–298.07–428Zwıers, Jeff (California, USA), Integrating academic language, thinking, and content: Learning scaffolds for non-native speakers in the middle grades. Journal of English for Academic Purposes (Elsevier) 5.4 (2006), 317–332.07–429Zyzik, Eve (Michigan State U, USA; zyzik@msu.edu), Transitivity alternations and sequence learning: Insights from L2 Spanish production data. Studies in Second Language Acquisition (Cambridge University Press) 28.3 (2006), 449–485.
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Simpson, R. B., Aishwarya Venkat, Tania Alarcon, Ken Chui, Yuri Naumov, Jack Gorski, Sanjib Bhattacharyya, and Elena Naumova. "Calendar effects to forecast influenza seasonality: A case study in Milwaukee, WI." Online Journal of Public Health Informatics 11, no. 1 (May 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v11i1.9739.
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ObjectiveIn the presented study, we examined the impact of school holidays (Autumn, Winter, Summer, and Spring Breaks) and social events (Super Bowl, NBA Finals, World Series, and Black Friday) for five age groups (<4, 5-24, 25-44, 45-64, >65 years) on four health outcomes of influenza (total tested, all influenza positives, positives for influenza A, and B) in Milwaukee, WI, in 2004-2009 using routine surveillance.IntroductionInfluenza viral infection is contentious, has a short incubation period, yet preventable if multiple barriers are employed. At some extend school holidays and travel restrictions serve as a socially accepted control measure1,2. A study of a spatiotemporal spread of influenza among school-aged children in Belgium illustrated that changes in mixing patterns are responsible for altering disease seasonality3. Stochastic numerical simulations suggested that weekends and holidays can delay disease seasonal peaks, mitigate the spread of infection, and slow down the epidemic by periodically dampening transmission. While Christmas holidays had the largest impact on transmission, other school breaks may also help in reducing an epidemic size. Contrary to events reducing social mixing, sporting events and mass gatherings facilitate the spread of infections4. A study on county-level vital statistics of the US from 1974-2009 showed that Super Bowl social mixing affects influenza dissemination by decreasing mortality rates in older adults in Bowl-participating counties. The effect is most pronounced for highly virulent influenza strains and when the Super Bowl occurs closer to the influenza seasonal peak. Simulation studies exploring how social mixing affects influenza spread5 demonstrated that impact of the public gathering on prevalence of influenza depends on time proximity to epidemic peak. While the effects of holidays and social events on seasonal influenza have been explored in surveillance time series and agent-based modeling studies, the understanding of the differential effects across age groups is incomplete.MethodsThe City of Milwaukee Health Department Laboratory (MHDL), Wisconsin routinely collect tests from residents of metropolitan areas and vicinities of the Marquette University (MU). We obtained weekly counts of total tested, all influenza positives, positives for influenza A and B, from MHDL between 5/16/04-3/7/09 (before the surge of tests associated with “swine flu”). Cases for <1 and 1-4 age groups were combined. Meteorological data are routinely collected by a monitoring station at the General Mitchell International airport located 7.5 miles from Milwaukee. Daily dewpoint values representing the perceived ambient temperature corrected for the air moisture content were downloaded from the open source website6 and aggregated to weekly averages with Sunday designating the beginning of each week. School holidays were obtained from academic calendars on the MU website with holiday weeks defined as having one or more school holiday observed.7 Selected social events were retrieved from a public website.8 As part of exploratory analysis, average cases per week (c/w) for each outcome for school holiday and non-holiday weeks were compared using a non-parametric the Mann–Whitney U-test. We analyzed the association between weekly cases and holiday effects using negative binomial regression with sets of indicator variables for non-overlapping school holidays and social events and with adjustments for weather fluctuations with harmonic terms (Model 1). Results are presented as Relative Risk (RR) estimates along with their confidence intervals (95%CI). Further analyses examined seasonal signatures (lead-lag structures) using a segmented regression approach for weekly counts and rates 5 academic weeks (aw) before, 2-6 weeks during, and 5 weeks after select holidays (Model 2).ResultsOver 251 study weeks, 2282 tests were submitted, out of which 1098 cases were from 5-24 y.o. age group. 477 (21%) tests we positive, with 399 (84%) cases of influenza A (73 tests were not subtyped) and 78 (16%) cases of influenza B. Figure 1 shows the time series of weekly counts of influenza tests and percent positives with superimposed information on school holiday occurrences. Overall, during 135 weeks of the school period the average number of tests was two times higher as compared to those during 116 holiday weeks (11.9±10.3 vs 5.8±6.5 c/w, p<0.001). Similarly, the average weekly number of positive tests was higher in non-holiday than during holiday periods (2.9±5.7 vs 0.7±2.6 c/w, p<0.001). The reduction in tests during holidays was confirmed by the regression model (RR=0.71; 95%CI=[0.60-0.86]). The reduction in weekly tests was most pronounced during the Winter Break (15-19 aw) for all age groups (4.8±3.0 c/w, p<0.001; RR=0.3; 95%CI=[0.23-0.41]) and especially for school-aged children, young adults and adults (RR=0.14; 95%CI=[0.09-0.22] and RR=0.32; 95%CI=[0.16-0.62] for 5-24 and 25-44 age groups, respectively). In contrast, during the Spring Break (27-30 aw) the number of tests has almost doubled (20.4±10.4 c/w; p<0.001) as compared to the school period, with the most noticeable increase in 5-24 and 25-44 age groups. Spring Break differential effects were primarily due to later peaks in influenza B shown by segmented regression results in Figure 2. The seasonal increase in weekly rates is the steepest after the winter holidays. The effects of the selected sporting and social events were inconclusive.ConclusionsThe differential effects of calendar events on seasonal influenza can be detected by routine surveillance and further explored with respect to lead-lag structures. We recommend incorporating location-specific calendar effects in influenza near-term forecasting models tailored to susceptible age groups to better predict and assess targeted intervention measures.References1. Jackson C, et al. (2016). The relationship between school holidays and transmission of influenza in England and wales. Am Journal of Epidemiology. 184(9), 644-51.2. Chu Y, et al. (2017). Effects of school breaks on influenza-like illness incidence in a temperate Chinese region: an ecological study from 2008 to 2015. BMJ. 7(3), e013159.3. Luca G, et al. (2018) The impact of regular school closure on seasonal influenza epidemics: a data-driven spatial transmission model for Belgium. BMC Infect Dis. 18(1): 29.4. Stoecker C, et al. (2016) Success Is Something to Sneeze At: Influenza Mortality in Cities that Participate in the Super Bowl. Am Journal of Health Econ. 2(1):125-43.5. Shi P, et al. (2010) The impact of mass gatherings and holiday traveling on the course of an influenza pandemic: a computational model. BMC Public Health. 10: 778.6. www.wunderground.com.7. www.marquette.edu/mucentral/registrar/ArchivedAcademicCalendars.shtml.8. www.timeanddate.com.
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Brown, Richard E. "THE LIFE AND WORK OF DONALD OLDING HEBB, CANADA’S GREATEST PSYCHOLOGIST." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 44, no. 1 (April 19, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v44i1.3880.
Full textAbstract:
Donald Olding Hebb’s lasting influence in psychology and neuroscience stemslargely from his influential book, The Organization of Behavior (Hebb 1949a) in which he introduced the concepts of synaptic change and cell assemblies to explain the neural events underlying behaviour. Hebb’s work revolutionized psychology by establishing a biological basis for psychological phenomena and expounding a neuropsychological theory which provided the structure for the development of the fields of cognitive and behavioural neuroscience. His ultimate fame could not have been predicted from his performance at Dalhousie University nor from his early career as a teacher. His career as a psychologist began as a night school student in psychology at McGill University in 1928. After completing his MA in psychology at McGill in 1932, he studied with Karl Lashley at the University of Chicago completing his PhD with Lashley at Harvard in 1936. For the next two years he conducted neuropsychological tests on the patientsof Dr. Wilder Penfield at the Montreal Neurological Institute and from 1939 to 1942 was a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. He spent the next five years studying emotionality in chimpanzees at the Yerkes Primate Center in Florida where he began to write The Organization of Behavior. Hebb became a professor of Psychology at McGill University in 1947 and head of his department in 1948 where he completed his book and directed an internationally recognized graduate program in physiological psychology. Elected President of the Canadian Psychological Association in 1952 and the American Psychological Association in 1960 he also became a Fellow of the Royal Societies of Canada and England. Late in his career, he was Vice Dean of Biological Sciences (1964-66) and then Chancellor of McGill University (1970-74). Upon retirement from McGill, he moved back to Nova Scotia and became a professor emeritus at Dalhousie University from 1978 until his death in 1985. During this time he wrote his last book, Essay on Mind (Hebb 1980a). He was inducted into the CanadianMedical Hall of Fame in October 2003.L’influence durable de Donald Olding Hebb dans les domaines de la psychologieet de la neuroscience est en grande partie le résultat de son ouvrage prestigieux The Organization of Behavior (1949) dans lequel il présente les concepts de modification synaptique et de réseau neuronal pour expliquer les phénomènes neuronaux qui sous‑tendent le comportement. M. Hebb a révolutionné le domaine de la psychologie en établissant une base biologique pour des phénomènes psychologiques et en expliquant une théorie neuropsychologique qui a fourni la structure nécessaire au développement des domaines de la neuroscience cognitive et comportementale. Sa renommée n’aurait pu être prédite à partir de sa performance à l’Université Dalhousie ou de son poste d’enseignant au début de sa carrière. Sa carrière dans le domaine de la psychologie a débuté lorsqu’il a commencé à suivre des cours du soir dans le domaine à l’Université McGill en 1928. Après avoir obtenu une maîtrise en psychologie à l’Université McGill en 1932, il a étudié aux côtés de Karl Lashley à l’Université de Chicago pour finalement obtenir un doctorat avec M. Lashley à l’Université Harvard en 1936. Au cours des deux années suivantes, il a effectué des tests neuropsychologiques sur les patients du docteur Wilder Penfield à l’Institut neurologique de Montréal. De 1939 à 1942, il a été professeur à l’Université Queen’s, à Kingston en Ontario. Il a passé les cinq années suivantes à étudier les émotions chez le chimpanzé au Yerkes Primate Center en Floride. C’estau cours de cette période qu’il a commencé à rédiger The Organization of Behavior. M. Hebb a ensuite occupé un poste de professeur de psychologie à l’Université McGill en 1947 et il a été nommé chef du département de psychologie en 1948, poste dans le cadre duquel il a dirigé un programme d’études supérieures de renommée internationale en psychophysiologie. C’est à cette période qu’il a terminé son ouvrage prestigieux. Élu président de la Société canadienne de psychologie en 1952 et de l’American Psychological Association en 1960, il a également été un Membre de la Société royale du Canada et un membre de la Royal Society of England. Vers la fin de sa carrière, il a occupé le poste de vice-doyen des sciences biologiques à l’Université McGill (de 1964 à 1966) puis de chancelier de cette même université (de 1970 à 1974). Au moment de sa retraite de l’Université McGill, M. Hebb est retourné en Nouvelle‑Écosse. Il a été professeur émérite à l’Université Dalhousie de 1978 jusqu’à sa mort en 1985, période durant laquelle il a rédigé son dernier ouvrage Essay on Mind (1980a). Il a été intronisé au Temple de la renommée médicale canadienne en octobre 2003.