Academic literature on the topic 'Ontological dependence'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ontological dependence"
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Corkum, Phil. "Aristotle on Ontological Dependence." Phronesis 53, no. 1 (2008): 65–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852808x252594.
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AbstractAristotle holds that individual substances are ontologically independent from non-substances and universal substances but that non-substances and universal substances are ontologically dependent on substances. There is then an asymmetry between individual substances and other kinds of beings with respect to ontological dependence. Under what could plausibly be called the standard interpretation, the ontological independence ascribed to individual substances and denied of non-substances and universal substances is a capacity for independent existence. There is, however, a tension between this interpretation and the asymmetry between individual substances and the other kinds of entities with respect to ontological independence. I will propose an alternative interpretation: to weaken the relevant notion of ontological independence from a capacity for independent existence to the independent possession of a certain ontological status.
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Correia, Fabrice. "Ontological Dependence." Philosophy Compass 3, no. 5 (September 2008): 1013–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2008.00170.x.
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Fine, Kit. "XIV—Ontological Dependence." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 95, no. 1 (June 1, 1995): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/95.1.269.
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Nolan, Daniel. "Categories and Ontological Dependence." Monist 94, no. 2 (2011): 277–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/monist201194214.
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Katz, Emily. "Ontological Separation in Aristotle’s Metaphysics." Phronesis 62, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 26–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685284-12341318.
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Ontological separation plays a key role in Aristotle’s metaphysical project: substances alone are ontologically χωριστόν. The standard view identifies Aristotelian ontological separation with ontological independence, so that ontological separation is a non-symmetric relation. I argue that there is strong textual evidence that Aristotle employs an asymmetric notion of separation in theMetaphysics—one that involves the dependence of other entities on the independent entity. I argue that this notion allows Aristotle to prevent the proliferation of substance-kinds and thus to secure the unity of his metaphysical system.
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Todd, Patrick. "Soft facts and ontological dependence." Philosophical Studies 164, no. 3 (April 3, 2012): 829–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-012-9917-4.
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Szekely, Rachel. "The Linguistic Reflexes of Ontological Dependence." International Review of Pragmatics 7, no. 1 (2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18773109-00701001.
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Nouns used to pick out ontologically dependent entities such as holes and flaws, unlike those picking out “ordinary” entities, such as coats and tables, cannot felicitously stand as indefinite subjects of a locative copular sentence (#A hole is in the bucket), but appear freely in there-sentences (There is a hole in the bucket). This contrast is further evidence in favour of the idea that the two sentence types have different underlying predication structures (cf. Barwise and Cooper, 1981; Francez, 2007; Hazout, 2004; McNally 1998a; Williams, 1984, 1994), but also that the preposition in, occurring in both constructions, is ambiguous between a locative and relational meaning. That locative in is distinct from the in that relates a dependent entity to its host is confirmed by inferences between and among sentences containing these two forms. Locative in, whose meaning is roughly that of enclosure or containment, is licensed as a predicate in a locative copular sentence; this sentence type is used to state the location of an entity. However, because a dependent entity’s location is entirely contingent on its host, it cannot be felicitously introduced in this way. By contrast, it is possible to introduce a dependent entity by stating that its host has the dependent entity in it, which is what a there-sentence does. Following Hornstein, Uriagereka and Rosen (1994), the underlying representation of a there-sentence which realizes this relation does not contain a preposition; rather, relational in is derived via incorporation into the copula, like have (Kayne, 1993).
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Kovacs, David Mark. "The Deflationary Theory of Ontological Dependence." Philosophical Quarterly 68, no. 272 (March 7, 2018): 481–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pq/pqy003.
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Jansson, Lina. "Explanatory Asymmetries, Ground, and Ontological Dependence." Erkenntnis 82, no. 1 (February 22, 2016): 17–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10670-016-9802-1.
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Tallant, Jonathan. "Ontological dependence in a spacetime-world." Philosophical Studies 172, no. 11 (February 7, 2015): 3101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-015-0459-4.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ontological dependence"
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Norton, James Peter. "On the dispensability of grounding: Ground-breaking work on metaphysical explanation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16600.
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Primitive, unanalysable grounding relations are considered by many to be indispensable constituents of the metaphysician’s toolkit. Yet, as a primitive ontological posit, grounding must earn its keep by explaining features of the world not explained by other tools already at our disposal. Those who defend grounding contend that grounding is required to play two interconnected roles: accounting for widespread intuitions regarding what is ontologically prior to what, and forming the backbone of a theory of metaphysical explanation, in much the same way that causal relations have been thought to underpin theories of scientific explanation. This thesis undermines the need to posit grounding relations to perform either of these jobs. With regard to the first, it is argued that a pair of human psychological mechanisms—for which there is substantial empirical support—can provide a more theoretically virtuous explanation of why we have the intuitions that we do. With regard to the second, I begin by considering what we want from a theory of explanation, and go on to develop three attractive (yet grounding-free) theories of metaphysical explanation. I offer: i) a psychologistic theory that calls upon the aforementioned psychological mechanisms, as well as the modal relations of necessitation and supervenience, ii) a metaphysical variant of the deductive-nomological theory of scientific explanation, and iii) a metaphysical variant of the unificationist theory of scientific explanation. Furthermore, these theories draw upon mechanisms and relations (both logical and ontological) to which we are already committed. Thus, to posit grounding relations in order to explain our priority intuitions, or in order to develop a theory of metaphysical explanation, is ontologically profligate. I conclude that we should not posit relations of ground.
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Baratella, Riccardo. "Un mondo di eventi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422756.
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The dissertation’s starting point is the intuitive distinction between events, conceived of as things that happen, and material objects, conceived of as things that participate in events. This distinction raises two connected metaphysical questions: how can the relation of being involved in which holds between material objects and events be adequately characterized? Which is the relation of being ontologically prior than which holds between material objects and events? The Thesis “A World of Events” tries to give an answer to such questions in seven chapters.
In Chapter 1 necessary and plausibly jointly sufficient conditions will be established for identifying, respectively, an entity as a material object or as an event. The fundamental questions which have justified this research presuppose the existence of events; however, some arguments in literature have been put forth against the existence of such a kind of entities. In the first part of Chapter 2 the arguments against the existence of events advanced by Aune (1977) and Horgan (1978) will be examined. Thereafter, an argumentative strategy for blocking those arguments will be devised.
The subject of Chapeter 3 is the notion of ontological priority. In the first part of the chapter some requirements will be provided which every adequate characterization of the notion of ontological priority has to satisfy. Afterwards, a characterization of the notions of ontological priority and ontological dependence which are based on Fine’s (1994, 1995a, 1995b, 1995c) and Correia’s (2006) works and which satisfy the requirements settled for the notion of ontological priority will be developed.
In the literature some arguments have been designed aiming at providing some constraints which the adequate theories of events have to fulfil. In Chapter 4 such constraints are summed up in two requirements: requirement R1), according to which a material object is an entity which participates in events: a material object enters as a participant in events through which it always remains the same; and requirement R2), according to which events ontologically depend upon the material objects which participate in them.
In Chapters 5 and 6 two theories which plausibly satisfy such requirements will be examined: the theory of events as exemplifications of properties or relations and the theory of events as particular and non-substantial ways of being. Particularly, in Chapter 5 two objections raised against the theory of events as exemplifications of properties or relations will be considered and a new version of this theory of events which blocks these objections will be proposed.
In the first part of Chapter 7 the validity of requirements R1) and R2) and the correctness of the arguments whence requirements R1) and R2) have been derived will be questioned. Subsequently, the plausibility of a theory of events which fails to satisfy requirements R1) and R2) will be inquired: Quine’s theory of events. This theory of events identifies events and material objects. The argumentative strategy is as follows: first of all, two theoretical costs of Quine’s theory will be highlighted; then Quine’s theory will be defended against an objection proposed by Paul (2000).Punto di partenza della dissertazione è la distinzione intuitiva tra eventi, intesi come cose che accadono, e oggetti materiali, intesi come cose che prendono parte o partecipano ad eventi. La distinzione pone al metafisico due questioni connesse: quale possa essere una caratterizzazione adeguata della relazione di prendere parte o di partecipazione tra oggetti materiali ed eventi e quale relazione di priorità ontologica sussista tra gli uni e gli altri. La tesi “Un mondo di eventi” cerca di rispondere a tali questioni, a cominciare da quella della priorità ontologica, che sarà chiamata “Priorità”. La tesi si articola in 7 capitoli. Nel Capitolo 1 si fissano le caratterizzazioni di oggetto materiale e di evento. Nel Capitolo 2 si osserva che le questioni che motivano il lavoro di dottorato presuppongono l’esistenza degli eventi, ma questa non è stata sempre accettata. Nel corso del capitolo si esaminano gli argomenti contro l’esistenza degli eventi proposti da Aune (1977) e da Horgan (1978) e si sostiene che essi non sono conclusivi. Oggetto del Capitolo 3 è la nozione di priorità ontologica. Innanzitutto, si stabiliscono vari requisiti che una caratterizzazione adeguata della nozione di priorità ontologica deve soddisfare. Nella parte finale del capitolo si avanza una caratterizzazione della nozione di priorità ontologica e di dipendenza ontologica basata sui lavori di Fine (1994, 1995a, 1995b, 1995c) e di Correia (2006) che soddisfa i requisiti di adeguatezza stabiliti inizialmente. Nel Capitolo 4 si affronta la questione dell’adeguatezza di una teoria degli eventi. In letteratura essa è subordinata al soddisfacimento di due requisiti: il requisito R1), secondo cui un oggetto materiale è un’entità che partecipa ad eventi attraverso i quali rimane sempre lo stesso, e il requisito R2), secondo il quale gli eventi dipendono ontologicamente dagli oggetti materiali che vi partecipano. Nei capitoli 5 e 6 si esaminano, rispettivamente, due teorie metafisiche che si è ritenuto soddisfino i requisiti in questione: la teoria degli eventi come esemplificazioni di proprietà o relazioni e la teoria degli eventi come modi di essere particolari e non sostanziali. In particolare, nel Capitolo 5 si considerano le obiezioni mosse contro la teoria degli eventi come esemplificazioni di proprietà o relazioni e si formula una nuova versione di tale teoria che blocca le obiezioni in questione. Nella prima parte del Capitolo 7 si mette in questione la validità dei requisiti R1) e R2). Nella parte seguente del capitolo di esamina la plausibilità della teoria sostenuta da Quine (1953a, 1960, 1976b, 1985), Goodman (1951) e Lemmon (1967) che identifica gli eventi e gli oggetti materiali e si mettono in luce alcuni costi metafisici a cui tale teoria è soggetta.
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Bravo, Osorio Felipe. "Mathématiques et Métaphysique. Une défense du platonisme mathématique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040094.
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Le platonisme mathématique, la thèse selon laquelle les mathématiques portent sur des objets abstraits existant de manière indépendante à notre esprit et notre langage, est un des sujets les plus débattues dans la philosophie des mathématiques. L’image des mathématiques qui s’en dégage est souvent perçue comme se heurtant à des problèmes épistémologiques considérables : si il est vrai que les mathématiques sont une science qui porte sur des objets en dehors de l’espace et du temps, comment nous, des êtres situés spatio-temporellement, pouvons avoir une quelconque connaissance mathématique ? En conséquence, la défense du platonisme et le débat sur l’ontologie des mathématiques se sont largement concentrées sur cette dimension épistémologique. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous essaierons de réitérer le rôle de la métaphysique et de la pratique des mathématiques dans le débat sur l’ontologie des objets mathématiques. Notre objectif principal est plus particulièrement le développement et l’application d’un programme métaphysique général, capable de rendre compte des aspects ontologiques des mathématiques qui sont propres à une interprétation platoniste des mathématiques. Pour ce faire, notre stratégie consiste à insister tout d’abord sur le besoin de clarification des thèses platonistes concernant la nature abstraite des objets mathématiques et l’indépendance de ces objets et à essayer d’étendre la portée du platonisme au-delà des concepts et théories mathématiques habituellesMathematical platonism is the idea according to which mathematics is about a domain of abstract objects, existing independently of our though and language. It is one of the central subjects in philosophy of mathematics, and is often considered to face important epistemological problems. If, as the platonist thinks, mathematics really are a science of objects outside of space and time, then how is mathematical knowledge even possible? As a consequence of the epistemological problem, the debate has focused mainly around the epistemological dimension of platonism. In this study however, we will try to move away from epistemology and restate the role of metaphysics and mathematical practice in the ontological debate on mathematical objects. Our main objective will be to develop and apply a general metaphysical program in order to explain the ontological aspects of a platonist interpretation of mathematics. In order to do this, it will be necessary to clarify the abstract nature of mathematical objects and the ontological independence of these entities, and to extend the scope of platonism beyond the usual concepts and mathematical theories
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Deroy, Ophelia. "Peirce, le pragmatisme et les Grecs : dépendance à la réponse généralisée et réalisme." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0085.
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La thèse examine, à partir d’une relecture de Peirce et de certaines de ses interprétations des philosophes et des problèmes antiques, les arguments qui peuvent permettre à une conception pragmatiste des croyances et de la signification de parer aux accusations de conduire au relativisme. Ces arguments résident dans la façon dont ces conceptions s’articulent entre elles, et acceptent une forme de réalismeThis thesis examines arguments taken from Peirce’s reading in Ancient philosophy, which could be used to block accusations of relativism being latent in a pragmatist conception of belief and concepts. The argument lies in the articulation of the two conceptions and their compatibility with a realist view
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Sánchez, Barranco Jordi. "Dependencia ontológica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461409.
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En la primera sección se argumenta que las exposiciones que intentan estar en conformidad con el desideratum de neutralidad no son suficientemente esclarecedoras. A ello le siguen dos modos dehacer manejable la familia de relaciones de dependencia ontológica: los casos que teóricamente caen en ella, y la función que cumple. La sección se zanja con ciertas objeciones en contra de que la generación de niveles ontológicos sea consecuencia de una falacia representacionalista.
El segundo capítulo está dedicado enteramente a hacer explícita la noción de existencia entendiéndola, o bien como una propiedad o predicado no real, o bien o como una propiedad o predicado real. Se argumenta que la primera noción no permite hacer comprensible la dependencia existencial.
Las primeras partes del segundo capítulo están dedicadas a exponer la familia de relaciones de dependencia existencial. Posteriormente se presenta la dependencia existencial específica y los problemas que suelen ser tenidos en cuenta, en particular: la mera asociación modal, la simetría dependencial entre propiedades esenciales y substancias, y la dependencia dada entre la vida de un individuo y el individuo en cuestión. Se argumenta que el condicional estricto ha de ser reemplazado por un condicional relevante cuya relevancia sea dada por el operador modal de necesidad metafísica.
La tercera parte del segundo capítulo se concentra en la dependencia genérica y el dictum de acuerdo con el cual esta caracteriza a la concepción inmentista de los universales. Se argumenta que si la relación de dependencia es presuntamente asimétrica y se toma dicha concepción à la Armstrong, entonces el dictum es falso. Y, en segundo lugar, se ofrecen casos para no tomar la relación de dependencia genérica como un caso de instanciación.
El capítulo tercero se destina a presentar diferentes modelos. Se expone la relación directa y sin intermediarios que parece estar en la base tanto de Aristóteles como de Suárez. Se presenta el modelo de este último especialmente centrado en la diferencia entre dependencia material y dependencia efectiva. Se argumenta que este modelo bloquea las secuelas de la dependencia específica. Dentro de la exégesis spinozista hay dos interpretaciones compatibles con los textos de acuerdo con las cuales, o bien hay identidad entre la Naturam naturatam y Naturam naturantem expuesta en términos de instanciación, o bien hay diferencia. Se argumenta a favor de la segunda mediante la composición restricta. La sección se cierra con un número de enunciados aparentemente inconsistentes atribuibles a Leibniz. Se propone que, quizá, la inconsistencia comete capciosidad por equivocación al interpretar «existencia» del mismo modo en un enunciado que en otro.
En § 5 se argumenta que se da cierta concomitancia entre el hecho de que haya cosas y alguna supuesta estructura del ámbito de lo ente. Se añade que si la identidad de las cosas no se reduce a la composición de sus elementos constituyentes, cierta indeterminación óntica aparece conjuntamente con restricciones en esa composición. Ante tal indeterminación, Johnston apela a los substrata como aquello que explica tanto la individuación de las cosas como aquello que soporta los elementos constituyentes de la cosas. Se da una explicación de cómo entender la propiedad de ser soporte sin que ello sea una relación interna, ni sea identificado con una relación de inherencia, sino más bien con una relación de dependencia óntica.
El capítulo sexto está dedicado a la dependencia esencial, presentando inicialmente el campo semántico asociado a aquello que hace que una cosa sea la que es: naturaleza, esencia (quidditas),haecceitas, realitas, y cómo surgirían diferentes relaciones de dependencia. Se evalúa finalmente la propuesta de Fine proponiendo que si los modelos monistas recogen la dependencia esencial, estos no satisfacen su caracterización.In the first section it is argued that the exposures that attempt to conform to the desideratum of neutrality are not sufficiently illuminating. This is followed by two ways of making the family of relations of ontological dependence manageable: the cases that theoretically fall into it, and the function that it fulfills. The second chapter is devoted entirely to making explicit the notion of existence by understanding it, either as a non-real property, or as a real property. It is argued that the first notion does not allow the existential dependence to be made comprehensible. The first parts of the second chapter are devoted to exposing the family of existential dependency relationships. Subsequently the specific existential dependence and the problems that are usually taken into account are presented: the mere modal association, the dependent symmetry between essential properties and substances, and the dependence given between the life of an individual and the individual in question. It is argued that the strict conditional has to be replaced by a relevant conditional whose relevance is given by the modal operator of metaphysical necessity. The third part of the second chapter focuses on generic dependence and dictum according to which it characterizes the immanent conception of universals. It is argued that if the relationship of dependence is presumably asymmetric and this conception is taken à la Armstrong, then the dictum is false. And, secondly, cases are offered for not taking the generic dependency relation as a case of instantiation. The third chapter is intended to present different models. It exposes the direct relationship and without intermediaries that seems to be at the base of both Aristotle and Suarez. Within the spinozist exegesis there are two interpretations compatible with the texts according to which either there is identity between Naturam naturatam and Naturam naturantem exposed in terms of instantiation, or else there is difference. It is argued in favor of the second. The section is closed with a number of seemingly inconsistent statements attributable to Leibniz. It is proposed that inconsistency commits misleading fallacy in interpreting "existence" in the same way in one statement than in another. To end, Fine’s proposal is evaluated, proposing that while the monist models collect the essential dependence, they do not satisfy his characterization. The sixth chapter is devoted to essential dependence, initially presenting the semantic field associated with that which makes a thing what it is: nature, essence (quidditas), haecceitas, realitas, and how different relations of dependence would arise. To end, Fine’s proposal is evaluated, proposing that while the monist models collect the essential dependence, they do not satisfy its characterization.
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Nieri, Ederaldo Luiz [UNESP]. "Duas formas da recepção das idéias de Lukács no Brasil: estética e ontologia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88524.
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nieri_el_me_mar.pdf: 1428112 bytes, checksum: 4e8b7707f988c8605587696e2ef17002 (MD5)Este trabalho se propôs a abordar dois momentos da receptividade das idéias de Lukács no Brasil: a das idéias filosófico-estéticas; a das idéias filosófico-ontológicas. Demonstrou-se que o significativo consiste no caráter ídeo-político que se conferiu a ambos momentos – configurando uma unidade de continuidade-descontinuidade. No decurso dos anos 1960, jovens comunistas inspiraram-se nas idéias estéticas do filósofo para a elaboração de um projeto de política cultural como um momento de uma “renovação” política (do PCB). Neste contexto, se enfatizou dois pontos: que a política cultural de extração lukacsiana é incompatível com a tradição cultural do partido, que, no campo específico da arte, além de determinar-se por categoriais não-imanentes à produção estético-artística, caracterizara-se por elementos estéticos de extração stalinistazhadnovista; e, que em razão de conceber dialeticamente as relações entre as revoluções burguesa e proletária, As Teses de Blum se distinguem das Teses (de extração terceiro-internacionalista stalinizada) estratégico-políticas propugnadas pelo PCB após 1958. Mediados pelas idéias ontológicas de Lukács, no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo, autores marxistas (Sérgio Lessa, Ricardo Antunes, José Chasin, José Paulo Netto, Ivo Tonet), explicitam, primeiro, a falácia das teses que propugnam a descentralidade do trabalho do mundo humano-social, segundo, que a determinação do trabalho como o fundamento ontológico do ser social une-se à imperiosa necessidade de se emancipar a humanidade dos ditames do capital – neste sentido, conferem à sua adoção destas idéias lukacsianas, ainda que no âmbito das atividades acadêmicas, uma dimensão ídeo-política. Enfatizou-se esta dimensão em três momentos: mediante a explicitação de que o trabalho abstrato fundamenta as sociedades contemporâneas...
This work has the objective to learn about two moments of receptivity of the ideas of Lukács here in Brazil: Philosophical Esthetics and Philosophcal-Ontologics. It demonstrated it`s importance based on the aspect of political ideology in both cases forming a unity of continuitydiscontinuity. In the nineteen sixties young communist were inspired by the esthetics of the philosopher to formulate a political-cultural project as part of renovating political ideas (PCB). In this context two important aspects were enphesized: the political-cultural views of Lukács are incompatible with the cultural tradition of the party, arts specifically, are not judged on there esthetic artistic value, but are more an enlightening on esthetics based on Stalin-Zhadnov; because of that there is a dialectic relationship between the bourgeois and proletarian revolution. The Blum Theses distinguish them selves from the Theses (influenced by the third international under Stalin) political strategies defended by the PCB party after 1958. Applying the ontological ideas of Lukács to contemporary capitalism, marxist authors like (Sérgio Lessa, Ricardo Antunes, José Chasin, José Paulo Netto, Ivo Tonet) in first place show fallacy In the theory that defend decentralization of work in the human social society, secondly a definition of work as an ontological foundation that meets the imposing necessity to overcome exploration by capital and in this way they atribute to the receptivity of Lukács ontology ideas, although in the academic world this was a political ideology. In three occasions this ideology demonstrated itself: highlighting that employment is the fundament of contemporary society which confirms Marx social theory to confront the consequences of offensive capital over work; by defending the thesis of ontological dependency of other social interactives in relation to work...(Complete abstract, acess undermentioned eletronic adress)
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Nieri, Ederaldo Luiz. "Duas formas da recepção das idéias de Lukács no Brasil : estética e ontologia /." Marília : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88524.
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Orientador: Marcos Tadeu Del RoioBanca: Antonio Carlos Mazzeo
Banca: Paulo Douglas Barsotti
Resumo: Este trabalho se propôs a abordar dois momentos da receptividade das idéias de Lukács no Brasil: a das idéias filosófico-estéticas; a das idéias filosófico-ontológicas. Demonstrou-se que o significativo consiste no caráter ídeo-político que se conferiu a ambos momentos - configurando uma unidade de continuidade-descontinuidade. No decurso dos anos 1960, jovens comunistas inspiraram-se nas idéias estéticas do filósofo para a elaboração de um projeto de política cultural como um momento de uma "renovação" política (do PCB). Neste contexto, se enfatizou dois pontos: que a política cultural de extração lukacsiana é incompatível com a tradição cultural do partido, que, no campo específico da arte, além de determinar-se por categoriais não-imanentes à produção estético-artística, caracterizara-se por elementos estéticos de extração stalinistazhadnovista; e, que em razão de conceber dialeticamente as relações entre as revoluções burguesa e proletária, As Teses de Blum se distinguem das Teses (de extração terceiro-internacionalista stalinizada) estratégico-políticas propugnadas pelo PCB após 1958. Mediados pelas idéias ontológicas de Lukács, no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo, autores marxistas (Sérgio Lessa, Ricardo Antunes, José Chasin, José Paulo Netto, Ivo Tonet), explicitam, primeiro, a falácia das teses que propugnam a descentralidade do trabalho do mundo humano-social, segundo, que a determinação do trabalho como o fundamento ontológico do ser social une-se à imperiosa necessidade de se emancipar a humanidade dos ditames do capital - neste sentido, conferem à sua adoção destas idéias lukacsianas, ainda que no âmbito das atividades acadêmicas, uma dimensão ídeo-política. Enfatizou-se esta dimensão em três momentos: mediante a explicitação de que o trabalho abstrato fundamenta as sociedades contemporâneas...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This work has the objective to learn about two moments of receptivity of the ideas of Lukács here in Brazil: Philosophical Esthetics and Philosophcal-Ontologics. It demonstrated it's importance based on the aspect of political ideology in both cases forming a unity of continuitydiscontinuity. In the nineteen sixties young communist were inspired by the esthetics of the philosopher to formulate a political-cultural project as part of renovating political ideas (PCB). In this context two important aspects were enphesized: the political-cultural views of Lukács are incompatible with the cultural tradition of the party, arts specifically, are not judged on there esthetic artistic value, but are more an enlightening on esthetics based on Stalin-Zhadnov; because of that there is a dialectic relationship between the bourgeois and proletarian revolution. The Blum Theses distinguish them selves from the Theses (influenced by the third international under Stalin) political strategies defended by the PCB party after 1958. Applying the ontological ideas of Lukács to contemporary capitalism, marxist authors like (Sérgio Lessa, Ricardo Antunes, José Chasin, José Paulo Netto, Ivo Tonet) in first place show fallacy In the theory that defend decentralization of work in the human social society, secondly a definition of work as an ontological foundation that meets the imposing necessity to overcome exploration by capital and in this way they atribute to the receptivity of Lukács ontology ideas, although in the academic world this was a political ideology. In three occasions this ideology demonstrated itself: highlighting that employment is the fundament of contemporary society which confirms Marx social theory to confront the consequences of offensive capital over work; by defending the thesis of ontological dependency of other social interactives in relation to work...(Complete abstract, acess undermentioned eletronic adress)
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Marmodoro, A. "Two in nature - one in substratum : an Aristotelian metaphysical model for ontologically dependent entities." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.657326.
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My research topic is the ontology of causation in Aristotle, with a view to also making a contribution to contemporary philosophy. I offer a new interpretation of Aristotle’s account of causation and perception. I argue that Aristotle understands the causal link in terms of a single complex entity which involves essentially two interdependent natures (e.g. an activity that grounds teaching and learning). Internally, such an entity has the same metaphysical structure as a line that grounds two vectors with opposite directions. But the causal entity, as opposed to the line and vectors, is itself ontologically dependent on the two substances that are in causal interaction. This is because the entity’s two natures are the realisation of two interdependent potentialities of the two substances (e.g. for teaching and learning). Aristotle builds a causal bridge between substances out of mutually realised potentialities of the two substances. Their mutual realisation binds them together into a net of ontological dependencies which delineates the boundary of the causal entity. In my thesis I describe the multifarious ontological dependencies and argue that Aristotle has made a unique contribution to the history of the analysis of causation by offering an ontological account of it in terms of potentiality-actuality and ontological dependence. Furthermore, Aristotle puts in use his theory of causation to account for the metaphysical status of what we call after Locke secondary properties, e.g. colours, sounds, etc. I reconstruct Aristotle’s theory of secondary properties in the light of my understanding of his two-in-one metaphysical model. I put Aristotle’s theory of causation as applied to his theory of perception to the test of whether it gives philosophical gains in contemporary philosophy in the field of the philosophy of mind. I engage with David Chalmers’ arguments against Primitivism – which is a new contemporary account of the metaphysics of colours. Primitivism is the account of colours philosophically most alike to Aristotle’s own one. I put forward my own original position on the metaphysics of colours.
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Nuth, Michael John. "Ontological Security and the Global Risk Environment: A Case Study of Risk and Risk Perception in the Tourist-Dependent Township of Akaroa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/988.
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This thesis is about global catastrophic risks and the conscious effect of such risks at the level of everyday life. Utilising R. D. Laing's concept of "ontological security", this thesis questions the extent to which risks that loom in the global environment cause a sense of ontological insecurity amongst individuals at the local-level. In addressing this question, this thesis responds to the theories of Ulrich Beck and Anthony Giddens who maintain that the contemporary age is marked both by the emergence of global risks that exist as the unintended consequences of modernisation and a greater sense of risk owing to how information about such risks is disseminated by the media. While no objection is made to the argument that the global environment has become more objectively threatening, this thesis questions whether individuals in fact perceive such threat in their daily lives. This argument rests on the view that global risks, in the main, lack a tangible dimension needed to elicit a sense of urgency. Seeking to ground the risk literature from the level of theoretical abstraction to that of lived experience, this thesis presents a case study of how risk is perceived in the tourist-dependent township of Akaroa. Despite the fact that New Zealand is generally seen as "safe" and "secure" and removed from the vicissitudes of global events, its economic reliance on international tourism ensures a susceptibility to external forces that disrupt global tourism flows. Given the recent publicity as to how such risks as climate change and peak oil may undermine international tourism in New Zealand, it is clear that areas that are particularly reliant on the international visitor market, like Akaroa, are significantly exposed to global events. This not only makes Akaroa an ideal case study in which to establish the extent to which global risks undermine ontological security in daily life, it also helps measure how seriously individuals in tourist-dependent areas consider the possibility of a substantial tourist decline.
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Morak, Michael. "The impact of disjunction on reasoning under existential rules." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8f012c4-0210-41f6-a0d3-a9d1ea5f8fac.
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Ontological database management systems are a powerful tool that combine traditional database techniques with ontological reasoning methods. In this setting, a classical extensional database is enriched with an ontology, or a set of logical assertions, that describe how new, intensional knowledge can be derived from the extensional data. Conjunctive queries are therefore answered against this combined knowledge base of extensional and intensional data. Many languages that represent ontologies have been introduced in the literature. In this thesis we will focus on existential rules (also called tuple-generating dependencies or Datalog± rules), and three established languages in this area, namely guarded-based rules, sticky rules and weakly-acyclic rules. The main goal of the thesis is to enrich these languages with non-deterministic constructs (i.e. disjunctions) and investigate the complexity of the answering conjunctive queries under these extended languages. As is common in the literature, we will distinguish between combined complexity, where the database, the ontology and the query are considered as input, and data complexity, where only the database is considered as input. The latter case is relevant in practice, as usually the ontology and the query can be considered as fixed, and are usually much smaller than the database itself. After giving appropriate definitions to extend the considered languages to disjunctive existential rules, we establish a series of complexity results, completing the complexity picture for each of the above languages, and four different query languages: arbitrary conjunctive queries, bounded (hyper-)treewidth queries, acyclic queries and atomic queries. For the guarded-based languages, we show a strong 2EXPTIME lower bound for general queries that holds even for fixed ontologies, and establishes 2EXPTIME-completeness of the query answering problem in this case. For acyclic queries, the complexity can be reduced to EXPTIME, if the predicate arity is bounded, and the problem even becomes tractable for certain restricted languages, if only atomic queries are used. For ontologies represented by sticky disjunctive rules, we show that the problem becomes undecidable, even in the case of data complexity and atomic queries. Finally, for weakly-acyclic rules, we show that the complexity increases from 2EXPTIME to coN2EXPTIME in general, and from tractable to coNP in case of the data complexity, independent of which query language is used. After answering the open complexity questions, we investigate applications and relevant consequences of our results for description logics and give two generic complexity statements, respectively, for acyclic and general conjunctive query answering over description logic knowledge bases. These generic results allow for an easy determination of the complexity of this reasoning task, based on the expressivity of the considered description logic.
Books on the topic "Ontological dependence"
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Schnieder, Benjamin, Miguel Hoeltje, and Alex Steinberg. Varieties of dependence: Ontological dependence, grounding, supervenience, response-dependence. Munich: Philosophia, 2013.
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Koslicki, Kathrin. Ontological Dependence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823803.003.0006.
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This chapter focuses on the question of whether concrete particular objects deserve to be classified as substances within a hylomorphic ontology, despite their metaphysical complexity, and, if so, according to what criterion of substancehood or “ontological privilege.” It is common to conceive of the substances as ontologically independent, following some preferred sense of “independence.” But what is this sense of “ontological independence” and do matter–form compounds qualify as substances when this notion is applied to them? This chapter discusses various relations defined in the literature under the heading of ontological dependence, beginning with existential construals of ontological dependence and turning next to construals of ontological dependence that are formulated in terms of a non-modal conception of essence. When evaluated against various plausible measures of success, it turns out that even the most promising candidate relations are open to objections.
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Corkum, Phil. Ontological Dependence and Grounding in Aristotle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935314.013.31.
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The relation of ontological dependence or grounding, expressed by the terminology of separation and priority in substance, plays a central role in Aristotle’sCategories, Metaphysics, De Animaand elsewhere. The article discusses three current interpretations of this terminology. These are drawn along the lines of, respectively, modal-existential ontological dependence, essential ontological dependence, and grounding or metaphysical explanation. I provide an opinionated introduction to the topic, raising the main interpretative questions, laying out a few of the exegetical and philosophical options that influence one’s reading, and locating questions of Aristotle scholarship within the discussion of ontological dependence and grounding in contemporary metaphysics.
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Barnes, Elizabeth. Symmetric Dependence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755630.003.0003.
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Metaphysical orthodoxy maintains that the relation of ontological dependence is irreflexive, asymmetric, and transitive. The goal of this paper is to challenge that orthodoxy by arguing that ontological dependence should be understood as non-symmetric, rather than asymmetric. A series of cases across a wide range of ontological commitments are presented, and it is argued that each case should be understood as one in which the relation of dependence holds symmetrically. If these arguments work, however, they provide reasons to be skeptical of the way in which contemporary discussions typically lump dependence together with relations such as grounding and in virtue of, which arguably need to be understood as asymmetric. If the asymmetry of dependence is relinquished, interesting things follow for what can be said about metaphysical explanation—particularly for the prospects of explanatory holism.
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Cameron, Ross P. Chains of Being. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854272.001.0001.
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This book argues for both Metaphysical Infinitism—the view that there can be infinitely descending chains of ontological dependence and grounding, with no bottom level of fundamental things or facts—and Metaphysical Holism—the view that there can be circles of ontological dependence or grounding. It is argued that the orthodox view—Metaphysical Foundationalism, the view that everything in reality is ultimately accounted for by a base class of fundamental phenomena—is unmotivated. It is also argued that we should reject the orthodox view that relations like grounding and ontological dependence are explanatory relations. An alternative account of metaphysical explanation is defended that does not tie explanation to grounding, ontological dependence, or fundamentality. A number of cases are developed across a wide range of philosophical areas, to show the theoretical fruitfulness of allowing infinite regress and circularity, including: non-well-founded set theory, mathematical structuralism, the metaphysics of persons, the metaphysics of gender and sexuality, the semantic paradoxes, and others. In the course of the discussion, distinctive views are defended concerning when an infinite regress is vicious, the nature of truth, non-classical logic and dialetheism, social construction, and more.
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Schellenberg, Susanna. Content Particularism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827702.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 distinguishes four ways one might account for perceptual particular. We can take an epistemic approach and understand perceptual particularity in terms of a special epistemic relation to the particulars perceived. We can take an ontological approach and understand perceptual particularity in terms of the ontological dependence of the perceptual state on the particulars perceived. We can take a psychologistic approach and understand perceptual particularity in terms of the phenomenal character of perceptual states by arguing that phenomenal character is constituted by the particulars perceived. Finally, we can take a representational approach and understand perceptual particularity in terms of features of perceptual content. The chapter argues that perceptual particularity is best accounted for in terms of perceptual content rather than in terms of epistemic, psychologistic, or ontological dependency properties.
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van Inwagen, Peter. Lowe’s New Ontological Argument. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796299.003.0009.
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In ‘A New Modal Version of the Ontological Argument,’ E. J. Lowe has presented a version of the ontological argument that does not, like other versions of the modal argument, make use of a ‘possibility’ premise. (e.g. ‘It is possible for a perfect being to exist’.) Three of the premises of this carefully formulated argument are: some necessary abstract beings exist; all abstract beings are dependent beings; all dependent beings depend for their existence on independent beings. This chapter is an examination of the ‘interplay’ between these three premises and a defense of the author’s conviction that the second of them is false.
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Koslicki, Kathrin. Independence Criteria of Substancehood. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823803.003.0007.
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This chapter examines some initially attractive attempts by E. J. Lowe and Michael Gorman at formulating an independence criterion of substancehood in terms of a particular essentialist construal of ontological dependence. It is argued that the stipulative exclusion of non-particulars and proper parts (or constituents) from these accounts raises difficult issues for their proponents. These results indicate that, in order for a criterion of substancehood to yield the desired results when applied to hylomorphic compounds, a unity criterion for composite substances is more suitable to the task at hand than an independence criterion, despite a general preference among Aristotelians for the latter.
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Westerhoff, Jan. The Non-Existence of the Real World. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847915.001.0001.
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The book is concerned with the existence of the real world, that is, with the existence of a world of objects that exist independent of human interests, concerns, and cognitive activities. The main thesis defended is that we have good reason to deny the existence of such a world. The discussion is concerned with four main facets of assuming a real world: (a) the existence of an external world of physical objects in space and time; (b) the existence of an internal world, comprising various mental states congregated around a self; (c) the existence of an ontological foundation that grounds the existence of all the entities in the world; and (d) the existence of an ultimately true theory that provides a final account of all there is. I argue specifically that: (a) we should reject the postulation of an external world behind our representations; (b) the internal world is not as epistemically transparent as is usually assumed, and there is no substantial self acting as central unifier of our mental lives; (c) there are good reasons for adopting an anti-foundational account of ontological dependence; and (d) ontology, and philosophy more generally, must not be conceived of as providing an ultimately true theory of the world.
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Balcerowicz, Piotr. Jayarāśi Against the Philosophers. Edited by Jonardon Ganeri. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199314621.013.21.
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Jayarāśi Bhaṭṭa (c.800–840), one of the most original Indian philosophers, a skeptic with a strong affiliation to the materialists, launches a devastating project against all philosophical schools: to demonstrate the existence of inherent flaws in any philosophical system one may construct. He does this by demonstrating systemic inconsistencies primarily involving the mutual dependence of our knowledge, on the one hand, and the means and categories, epistemic and ontological, we adopt in order to establish its validity and certitude, on the other. The upshot is that no consistent philosophical system is possible in which its fundamental premises can be proved by a valid, effective procedure. Perhaps the most significant outcome of Jayarāśi’s project is that all philosophical claims are necessarily made within a particular set of beliefs, or a particular closed system, the foundations of which are based on arbitrarily accepted criteria, definitions, and categories.
Book chapters on the topic "Ontological dependence"
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Correia, Fabrice. "Ontological dependence, grounding and modality." In The Routledge Handbook of Modality, 100–113. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315742144-12.
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Franssen, Maarten, and Peter Kroes. "Artefact Kinds, Ontological Criteria and Forms of Mind-Dependence." In Artefact Kinds, 63–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00801-1_5.
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Bianchi, Silvia. "Ontological Dependence and Grounding for a Weak Mathematical Structuralism." In Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, 175–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84706-7_7.
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De Vecchi, Francesca. "Ontological Dependence and Essential Laws of Social Reality the Case of Promising." In The Background of Social Reality, 233–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5600-7_14.
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Samigulina, Galina, and Zarina Samigulina. "Ontological Model for Risks Assessment of the Stages of a Smart-Technology for Predicting the “Structure-Property” Dependence of Drug Compounds." In Software Engineering Perspectives in Intelligent Systems, 876–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63319-6_81.
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Wickramasinghe, Danture. "Ontological Dependency on Epistemology Strategy: Interpretive Management Accounting Research Revisited." In Review of Management Accounting Research, 543–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230353275_21.
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Haralambous, Yannis, and Pedro Quaresma. "Querying Geometric Figures Using a Controlled Language, Ontological Graphs and Dependency Lattices." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 298–311. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_22.
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Dapoigny, Richard, and Patrick Barlatier. "Towards an Ontological Modeling with Dependent Types: Application to Part-Whole Relations." In Conceptual Modeling - ER 2009, 145–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04840-1_13.
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Virkkunen, Joni, Saara Koikkalainen, and Minna Piipponen. "Migration Strategies at the Time of a Crisis: Asylum Applicants in Finland." In IMISCOE Research Series, 41–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23996-0_3.
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AbstractDuring the 2015-2016 ‘migration crisis’ in Europe, more than 38.000 asylum seekers found their way to Finland by travelling through South and Central Europe and from Russia through the Arctic route. In this chapter, we examine the ‘migration crisis’ as a combination of different forms of crises. We focus on the perspective of the asylum applicants: In which ways do ‘crises’ function as drivers of migration for the people on the move? The analysis is based on two sets of qualitative data collected: 18 official asylum application protocols of Syrian migrants who came to Finland through Northern Russia and so-called the Arctic route and 25 interviews with Iraqi asylum seekers. We argue that the possibilities to settle in, and build a home and sentiments of belonging are dependent on the ability to feel secure in one’s everyday life, trust the system and be able to see a future in that place. The failure of this manifests as two types of crises in the lives of our informants: a crisis of trust, and a personal ontological crisis of existence.
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"Nicolaus Taurellus on Forms, Elements, and Ontological Dependence." In Ontological Dependence, 57–86. Philosophia Verlag GmbH, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2nrzgxh.8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ontological dependence"
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Marusynets, Mariana, Dmytro Korchevskyi, and Vitalii Lapinskyi. "Social Aspects of Information System and Computer Technology Professionals’ Practice-oriented Training." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/17.
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The article describes the social and pedagogical aspects of training a computer specialist in the modern information space. The features of the virtual environment of activity are considered, attention is paid to the social directions of professional training of a computer specialist, in particular, ethical responsibility. Attention is focused on the nature and types of social consequences and spiritual and cultural changes generated by the informatization of society, determined by the social conditions in which the informatization process takes place, and the problem itself is due to the relationship between the man, computer, and society. The advantages and risks of training professionals in the given specialty are indicated and the main possible approaches are substantiated. It is shown that with the emergence of a new type of information life, which is considered as a general humanitarian philosophical problem, it is necessary to humanize professional education. The problems of the theoretical analysis and determination of the ontological status of virtual reality, the phenomenon of human computer dependence are described. It is indicated that a special responsibility lies with computer specialists, whose professional training should include not only the assimilation of educational material to ensure successful professional activity in the future, but it must take into account the social needs of society.
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Seneviratne, M. D. S., and D. N. Ranasinghe. "Natural language dependencies for ontological relation extraction." In 2014 International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions (ICTer). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icter.2014.7083893.
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"Artefact-oriented Business Process Modelling - An Ontological Dependency Approach." In 15th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004398502230230.
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Kaya, Fadime, Glenda Amaral, Francisco Javier Perez, Marc Makkes, Tina van der Linden, and Jaap Gordijn. "An Ontological Exploration of Central Bank Digital Currency Governance Design." In Digital Restructuring and Human (Re)action. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.4.2022.19.
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Financial ecosystems and their related transactions are increasingly relying on big tech payment service providers, such as ApplePay and WeChat. By offering these services, transacting in unregulated cryptocurrencies becomes easier. Consequently, big tech companies take a powerful position in the ecosystem, such dominance may be avoided by a decentralized ecosystem, in which decision making power is distributed over several actors. Emergence of several highly unregulated cryptocurrencies and increased reliance on big tech, motivates central banks to investigate alternatives, called Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) that can be subject to governance and rules. CBDC is specifically aimed to decrease dependency on largely uncontrolled big tech payment service providers and to limit the growth of unregulated cryptocurrencies. In this paper, we explore the key question of how to design a governance structure, we do that by applying the DECENT ontology and conceptual models to the real world use-case of CBDC.
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Finch, Andrew, Ezra Black, Young-Sook Hwang, and Eiichiro Sumita. "Using lexical dependency and ontological knowledge to improve a detailed syntactic and semantic tagger of English." In the COLING/ACL. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1273073.1273101.
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Eremchenko, Eugene, and Ilya Rylskiy. "Digital Earth for Smart Municipalities." In 31th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/graphicon-2021-3027-598-603.
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The paper discusses the prospects of integrating the concepts of Digital Earth and Smart Cities to achieve synergy and improve global governance by harmonizing decision supports at different scales. Achieving this goal requires overcoming the scale-dependent differentiation of information systems and thus integration of Smart Cities with their geospatial context. A possible approach can be based on the unique property of spatial and temporal localizations – their invariance for all subjects. Spatial and temporal localizations are fundamentally different from classical "thematic" ontologies, inevitably contradictory and relative. Implementing the concept of "ontological pluralism" will allow the seamless integration of heterogeneous information into a single spatial and temporal volume. The urgency of practical implementation of such systems is demonstrated briefly against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to find new approaches to the processing and analyzing environmental factors.