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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oocysty

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Academic literature on the topic 'Oocysty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Oocysty"

1

Weir, C., G. Vesey, M. Slade, B. Ferrari, D. A. Veal, and K. Williams. "An Immunoglobulin G1 Monoclonal Antibody Highly Specific to the Wall of Cryptosporidium Oocysts." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2000): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.7.5.745-750.2000.

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ABSTRACT The detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in drinking water is critically dependent on the quality of immunofluorescent reagents. Experiments were performed to develop a method for producing highly specific antibodies to Cryptosporidium oocysts that can be used for water testing. BALB/c mice were immunized with six different antigen preparations and monitored for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM responses to the surface of Cryptosporidiumoocysts. One group of mice received purified oocyst walls, a second group received a soluble protein preparation extracted from the outside of the oocyst wall, and the third group received whole inactivated oocysts. Three additional groups were immunized with sequentially prepared oocyst extracts to provide for a comparison of the immune response. Mice injected with the soluble protein extract demonstrated an IgG response to oocysts surface that was not seen in the whole-oocyst group. Mice injected with whole oocysts showed an IgM response only, while mice injected with purified oocyst walls showed little increase in IgM or IgG levels. Of the additional reported preparations only one, BME (2-mercaptoethanol treated), produced a weak IgM response to the oocyst wall. A mouse from the soluble oocyst extract group yielding a high IgG response was utilized to produce a highly specific IgG1 monoclonal antibody (Cry104) specific to the oocyst surface. Comparative flow cytometric analysis indicated that Cry104 has a higher avidity and specificity to oocysts in water concentrates than other commercially available antibodies.

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Searcy, Kristin E., Aaron I. Packman, Edward R. Atwill, and Thomas Harter. "Association of Cryptosporidium parvum with Suspended Particles: Impact on Oocyst Sedimentation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 2 (February 2005): 1072–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.2.1072-1078.2005.

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ABSTRACT The association of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts with suspended particles can alter the oocysts' effective physical properties and influence their transport in aquatic systems. To assess this behavior, C. parvum oocysts were mixed with various suspended sediments under a variety of water chemical conditions, and the resulting settling of the oocysts was observed. Direct microscopic observations showed that oocysts attached to suspended sediments. Settling column and batch experiments demonstrated that oocysts are removed from suspension at a much higher rate when associated with sediments. The rate of oocyst sedimentation depended primarily on the type of sediment with which the oocysts were mixed. Changes in background water conditions had a relatively small impact on the extent of oocyst-particle association and the resulting oocyst deposition. We believe that the ubiquitous association of C. parvum oocysts with suspended particles enhances the sedimentation of oocysts in natural waters and that this interaction should generally be considered when predicting the migration of pathogens in the environment.

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Gale, P. "Risk assessment model for a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 7 (April 1, 2000): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0108.

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Counts of Cryptosporidium oocysts in 100L volumes of treated water are simulated for conditions representative of a waterborne outbreak in a surface water-derived supply. Assuming oocysts act independently during infection, the risk of infection is directly related to the arithmetic mean oocyst density in the water supply, which is in turn related to the total number of oocysts which break through treatment. Spatial/temporal heterogeneity of oocyst concentrations in the treated water contributes to monitoring programmes based on “spot-sampling” underestimating the arithmetic mean oocyst density and hence the risk of infection. This could contribute to the reported lack of a clear association between oocyst concentrations measured in drinking water supplies and the risk of waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in the population. An increase in spatial heterogeneity of oocysts during treatment could also contribute to an overestimation of the net oocyst removal by treatment.

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Jenkins, Michael B., Barbara S. Eaglesham, Larry C. Anthony, Scott C. Kachlany, Dwight D. Bowman, and William C. Ghiorse. "Significance of Wall Structure, Macromolecular Composition, and Surface Polymers to the Survival and Transport of Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 6 (January 22, 2010): 1926–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02295-09.

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ABSTRACT The structure and composition of the oocyst wall are primary factors determining the survival and hydrologic transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts outside the host. Microscopic and biochemical analyses of whole oocysts and purified oocyst walls were undertaken to better understand the inactivation kinetics and hydrologic transport of oocysts in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Results of microscopy showed an outer electron-dense layer, a translucent middle layer, two inner electron-dense layers, and a suture structure embedded in the inner electron-dense layers. Freeze-substitution showed an expanded glycocalyx layer external to the outer bilayer, and Alcian Blue staining confirmed its presence on some but not all oocysts. Biochemical analyses of purified oocyst walls revealed carbohydrate components, medium- and long-chain fatty acids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Purified walls contained 7.5% total protein (by the Lowry assay), with five major bands in SDS-PAGE gels. Staining of purified oocyst walls with magnesium anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid indicated the presence of hydrophobic proteins. These structural and biochemical analyses support a model of the oocyst wall that is variably impermeable and resistant to many environmental pressures. The strength and flexibility of oocyst walls appear to depend on an inner layer of glycoprotein. The temperature-dependent permeability of oocyst walls may be associated with waxy hydrocarbons in the electron-translucent layer. The complex chemistry of these layers may explain the known acid-fast staining properties of oocysts, as well as some of the survival characteristics of oocysts in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The outer glycocalyx surface layer provides immunogenicity and attachment possibilities, and its ephemeral nature may explain the variable surface properties noted in oocyst hydrologic transport studies.

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Tilley, Michael, Steve J. Upton, and Clarence E. Chrisp. "A comparative study on the biology of Cryptosporidium sp. from guinea pigs and Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa)." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-163.

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Cryptosporidum sp. from guinea pigs and C. parvum were compared morphologically, electrophoretically, and for the ability to infect suckling mice. Oocysts from guinea pigs measured 5.4 × 4.6 (4.8–5.6 × 4.0–5.0) μm and had a shape index (length/width) of 1.17 (1.04–1.33). Oocysts of C. parvum were similar and measured 5.2 × 4.6 (4.8–5.6 × 4.2–4.8) μm with a shape index of 1.16 (1.04–1.33). All suckling mice inoculated with oocyts of C. parvum became infected, whereas most, but not all, mice fed oocysts of the guinea pig isolate also became infected. However, mice inoculated with oocysts from guinea pigs produced on average 100-fold fewer oocysts by day 7 postinoculation than did mice infected with C. parvum, and the resulting infections were sparse and patchy along the ileum. Electrophoretic profiles were similar, but 125I surface labeling of outer oocyst wall proteins revealed striking differences between the two isolates. Cryptosporidium parvum had a wide molecular size range of 125I-labeled bands, whereas C. sp. from guinea pigs had a banding pattern clustered between 39 and 66 kDa, with a smaller number of bands >100 kDa. Key words: Cryptosporidium parvum, coccidia, Apicomplexa, guinea pig, mouse.

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Kwa, B. H., M. Moyad, M. A. Pentella, and J. B. Rose. "A Nude Mouse Model as an in vivo Infectivity Assay for Cryptospomdiosis." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 3-4 (February 1, 1993): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0323.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is an important patliogen of diarrlieal disease which has been implicated in several outbreaks associated with contamination of surface waters. In monitoring for C. parvum in drinking water sources, it is important to asce tain the viability, and more importantly, the infectivity of low numbers of recovered oocysts. Groups of 10 Balb/C nude (nu/nu) mice, 4-8 weeks old at time of inoculation, were infected with C. parvum oocysts from naturally infected calves and purified using Sheather's sucrose gradients. Oocysts were counted using the Merifluor IFA kit (Meridian). Each group of 10 mice were infected with 1,10,100 and 1000 oocysts respectively. Numbers of oocysts per inoculation were determined by limiting dilution, and parallel inocula were counted microscopically to ascertain the accuracy of the dilutions. Two uninfected nude mice were kept in each cage to serve as controls. Mouse stools were collected every 4 days, concentrated using the Fekal Kontrate Concentration Kit (Meridian) and oocysts were counted with a UV microscope using the Merifluor IFA Kit (Meridian). Oocyst counts were expressed in terms of number of oocyst/g feces. Mice inoculated with 1000 oocysts began to shed oocysts on day 32, mice inoculated with 100 oocysts began to shed on days 44-48, mice inoculated with 10 oocysts began to shed on days 56-60, and mice inoculated with 1 oocyst shed on days 68-88. All infected mice continued to shed oocysts intermittently and with variable oocyst counts until day 180 when the experiment was terminated. This study established that it is possible to infect nude mice with very low numbers, down to a single oocyst. We are currently in the process of correlating the nude mouse assay with other viability assays.

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Somiya, I., S. Fujii, N. Kishimoto, and R.-H. Kim. "Development of a mathematical model of Cryptosporidium inactivation by ozonation." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 7 (April 1, 2000): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0130.

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A new mathematical model was developed to express the processes of Cryptosporidium inactivation by ozonation. In this model, five different stages were considered as state variables of Cryptosporidium oocysts for accurate expression of the inactivation. ATP, in vitro excystation and DAPI/PI permeability assays were used to describe the oocyst amounts of different stages. Some reaction constants were estimated by the structure components of oocysts or by the stoichiometry of reactions, while the others were by the oocysts population changes in ozonation. The calculated values of this model were well consistent with experimental inactivation data. Three-log inactivation of sporozoites required about 0.04 mgO3 per unit oocyst (mgC) from the simulation results. Before ozone reacts with sporozoites, more ozone was consumed to oxidize other parts of oocysts and DOC produced. The main path of inactivation of oocysts by ozonation was estimated to be P1 (intact oocysts)→P2 (oocysts with damaged outer oocyst wall)→P4 (oocysts without excystation function)→P5 (oocysts with inactivated sporozoites and no excystation function) from experimental and simulated results.

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Gale, P. "Simulating cryptosporidium exposures in drinking water during an outbreak." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 12 (December 1, 1998): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0486.

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This paper predicts exposures to Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts through drinking water under conditions which are consistent with a waterborne outbreak. Sources of variation which contribute to the variation in oocyst exposures include the oocyst densities in the raw waters, the efficiency of oocyst removal by treatment and the daily consumption of unboiled tap water. Even under outbreak conditions the majority of consumers may not ingest any oocysts each day. Of those who are exposed, some ingest just one oocyst/d while others ingest higher doses, which in a small proportion approach the ID50 for C parvum. Ignoring this variation and using a single point average exposure predicts that a much larger proportion of the population is exposed each day but only ever to very low doses of oocysts. The impact of ignoring this variation on the predicted risks depends on the nature of the dose-response curve and, in particular, the assumptions made about the low dose extrapolation. The heterogeneity of oocyst densities in drinking water during an outbreak could contribute to the failure to detect oocysts in some waterborne outbreaks.

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DENG, MING QI, and DEAN O. CLIVER. "Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts in Cider by Flash Pasteurization." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.4.523.

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Cryptosporidium parvum is a well-recognized pathogen of significant medical importance, and cider (apple juice) has been associated with foodborne cryptosporidiosis. This study investigated the effect of flash pasteurization on the viability of contaminant C. parvum oocysts. Cider inoculated with oocysts was heated at 70 or 71.7°C for 5, 10, or 20 s, and oocyst viability was measured by a semiquantitative in vitro infectivity assay. By infecting multiple wells of confluent Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells with serial dilutions of heat-treated oocysts and examining infected cells by indirect fluorescent antibody staining, the most probable number technique was applied to quantify log reduction of oocyst viability. Heating for 10 or 20 s at either temperature caused oocyst killing of at least 4.9 log (or 99.999%), whereas oocyst inactivation after pasteurization for 5 s at 70 and 71.7°C was 3.0 log (99.9%) and 4.8 log (99.998%), respectively. Our results suggested that current practices of flash pasteurization in the juice industry are sufficient in inactivating contaminant oocysts.

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Butkus, Michael A., J. Timothy Bays, and Michael P. Labare. "Influence of Surface Characteristics on the Stability of Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 7 (July 2003): 3819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.7.3819-3825.2003.

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ABSTRACT Microelectrophoresis is a common technique for probing the surface chemistry of the Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst. Results of previous studies of the electrophoretic mobility of C. parvum oocysts in which microelectrophoresis was used are incongruent. In this work we demonstrated that capillary electrophoresis may also be used to probe the surface characteristics of C. parvum oocysts, and we related the surface chemistry of C. parvum oocysts to their stability in water. Capillary electrophoresis results indicated that oocysts which were washed in a phosphate buffer solution had neutrally charged surfaces. Inactivation of oocysts with formalin did not influence their electrophoretic mobility, while oocyst populations that were washed in distilled water consisted of cells with both neutral and negative surface charges. These results indicate that washing oocysts in low-ionic-strength distilled water can impart a negative charge to a fraction of the oocysts in the sample. Rapid coagulation experiments indicated that oocysts did not aggregate in a 0.5 M NaCl solution; oocyst stability in the salt solution may have been the result of Lewis acid-base forces, steric stabilization, or some other factor. The presence of sucrose and Percoll could not be readily identified on the surface of C. parvum oocysts by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, suggesting that these purification reagents may not be responsible for the stability of the uncharged oocysts. These findings imply that precipitate enmeshment may be the optimal mechanism of coagulation for removal of oocysts in water treatment systems. The results of this work may help elucidate the causes of variation in oocyst surface characteristics, may ultimately lead to improved removal efficiencies in full-scale water treatment systems, and may improve fate and transport predictions for oocysts in natural systems.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oocysty"

1

Pugh, Hedley James. "Deposition and adhesion of cryptosporidium oocysts on surfaces." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300120.

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Kazem, Rahnuma. "Oocyte cryopreservation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282706.

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A questionnaire based survey was done to assess the views of fertile individuals, infertile individuals, egg donors and recipients towards gamete donation. The survey showed that fertile individuals were significantly less inclined towards the use of donated eggs in research and treatment, compared to infertile individuals. Acceptability of gamete donation was found to be very high in all groups regardless of their fertility, but the majority of individuals, whether fertile or infertile, were opposed to the use of fetal and cadaveric sources of obtaining eggs. The effect of modifications of the freeze-thaw process was investigated in the mouse model. It was seen that slight modifications of the slow freeze protocol affected survival rates and that ultrarapid freezing achieved better survival rates than slow freezing. Human oocyte cryopreservation was performed using a slow freeze-rapid thaw protocol. In total, 34.4% of oocytes survived cryopreservation and these were randomly allocated for fertilisation by conventional in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Resulting embryos were spread for chromosomal analysis. ICSI significantly improved the rates of normal fertilisation (43.2% versus 2.7%) compared to IVF (P<0.001). A normal diploid karyotype was achieved by ICSI. These studies show that oocyte donation is acceptable to the majority of both fertile and infertile individuals. Further research is required to improve the methods of oocyte cryopreservation. Once the techniques of cryopreservation have been established, ICSI may successfully be applied to enhance subsequent fertilisation rates.

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Korich, Dick Gary. "Cryptosporidium oocyst viability: Assessment and correlation with infectivity." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186125.

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Outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis have been traced to Cryptosporidium oocysts in finished drinking water. Indeed, water contaminated with oocysts may be judged perfectly safe by conventional coliform tests. Although oocysts can be specifically identified using immunofluorescence, it is not yet possible to determine their viability. The lack of a viability test means that each oocyst detected in finished water must be regarded as potentially infective even though water treatment may have killed them. The goal of this research was to develop a test for oocyst viability. In vitro excystation, oocyst morphology, vital dyes, and a monoclonal antibody were tested. In vitro excystation expressed as percent of theoretical sporozoite yield correlated best with neonatal mouse infectivity. Although not directly applicable to testing water samples, excystation provided a basis for screening other testing methods. None of the eight vital dyes tested showed any relationship between oocyst staining and viability. This was presumably due to inability of the dyes to penetrate the oocyst wall. Pretreatment strategies designed to increase oocyst wall permeability were either ineffective or damaged the oocysts in ways that rendered them nonviable. Initially, microscopic appearance appeared to be related to oocyst infectivity. However, regression analysis showed that phase contrast microscopic appearance had marginal utility for use as a viability test. Indeed, microscopic identification of internal structures of intact oocysts is not a reliable viability indicator because DAPI staining showed intact sporozoite nuclei within obviously dead oocysts that would not excyst. A monoclonal antibody (MAb OW64) was found which binds to internal sites along the oocyst suture. There was positive correlation between binding of this MAb and decreasing oocyst infectivity indicating that MAb OW64 bound preferentially to nonviable oocysts. Regression analysis showed that OW64 binding overestimated oocyst viability because many nonviable oocysts did not bind the MAb. Nevertheless, MAb OW64 is a candidate for producing an immunofluorescence based test in which oocysts that bind OW64 are nonviable whereas those that do not bind are not necessarily viable. Before such a test can be recommended, however, the nonviability of oocysts that bind OW64 must be demonstrated by neonatal mouse infectivity using oocysts sorted by a fluorescence activated cell sorter.

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Hardy, Scott Andrew. "Effectiveness of static mixers for disinfection of cryptosporidium oocysts." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20925.

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Liyanage, Lalith R. J. "Chlorine dioxide inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/NQ29064.pdf.

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Marsh, Adam. "Oocyte-follicle interactions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12684/.

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The ovarian follicle is an individual functional unit that provides the optimal environment for the oocyte within to develop. This thesis outlines the research in the field of ovarian follicular dynamics that has already been established, and further develops these findings to explore in greater detail the relationship between the oocyte and its environment, both in an in vitro and in vivo setting, using a variety of species. The first major research area involved studying the role of oocyte-secreted factors, which was examined using a series of dose response experiments. These were performed using an ovine granulosa cell culture model, and elucidated a possible role for a collaborative action of BMP15 and GDF9 in the promotion of oestradiol synthesis, while inhibiting production of progesterone in this species. This finding was then further investigated using an ovine in vivo immune-neutralisation study, the endocrine and histological results of which confirmed these findings in a proportion of these animals, although this study was limited by the animals appearing to have been in seasonal anoestrus. The second major topic that was investigated was based around the ovarian microenvironment, in terms of angiogenesis and hypoxia. Again, ovine granulosa cell cultures were used, in this instance to examine the effect of hypoxic conditions on steroid hormone production. These experiments indicated that somatic cell steroid hormone production is likely to be compromised by a hypoxic environment, and therefore that the provision of oxygen through a local blood supply may be a vital requirement for these cells. To investigate the relevance of studying ovarian blood supply and physiology in a clinical setting, perfusion studies were carried out based on a series of bovine phantom experiments, which were used to study the effect of varying flow rate on the parameters routinely measured using this technology. The routine clinical ultrasonographic methods of ovarian assessment such as 4D ViewTM, SonoAVCTM and VOCAL were also examined, based on bovine phantom experiments, revealing possible weaknesses in the data provided by ultrasound that are increasingly relied upon in the clinical setting. Finally, a clinical trial was carried out to try and encompass all of the findings of the in vitro and in vivo work, in order to place these theories into context in a human IVF setting. This work was unfortunately limited severely by a lack of patient numbers, but some interesting results were observed with regard to oocyte developmental potential relationships with follicular fluid and somatic cell factors, as well as ultrasound measures of peri-follicular blood supply.

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Pfender, Sybille Helen. "Studies of asymmetric oocyte division and new genes controlling oocyte maturation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648232.

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Wang, Ling. "Mouse oocyte maturation: How similar is it to frog oocyte maturation?" Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27075.

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In this study, I have attempted to address the similarities/differences between amphibian and mouse oocytes by focusing on two aspects of mouse oocyte maturation. In the first project, I investigated the ability of several antagonists of serotonin receptors to initiate follicle-enclosed mouse oocytes to undergo maturation. I demonstrated that ritanserin, but not any others, was capable of inducing oocyte maturation in the intact mouse follicles. Significantly, ritanserin is also capable of inducing frog oocyte maturation, as demonstrated by others in our lab. These results therefore suggested that a similar cAMP-elevating G protein coupled receptor, the target of ritanserin, is responsible for maintaining prophase arrest in both frog and mouse oocytes. In the second project, I have investigated the ability brefeldin A (BFA), a specific inhibitor of a small G protein ARF1, to initiate mouse oocyte maturation, as it has been suggested that BFA is capable of inducing frog oocyte maturation. I demonstrated that BFA indeed was as potent as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to initiate follicle-enclosed oocytes to undergo germinal vesicle breakdown. However, BFA-treated oocytes failed to complete maturation and, instead, were arrested at metaphase I with apparently normal bipolar spindles. We further demonstrated a dominant negative mutant of ARF1 (ARF1-T31N-HA) similarly arrested the maturing oocytes at metaphase I. These studies helped reinforce the idea that oocyte maturation is fundamentally the same in mammals as it is in amphibians. The experimentally observed differences may not be very significant biologically. This concept will be discussed in conjunction with recently published literature. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Lewin, Nicola. "Effects of sequential exposure of Cryptosporidium oocysts to chemical disinfectants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ60147.pdf.

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Yang, Min. "Evaluation of Oocyte Developmental Competence and Potential Strategies to Improve Oocyte Quality." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6914.

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Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have now been extensively used to promote reproductive efficiency as a fertility treatment not only in human medicine but also animal reproduction. ARTs serve as an important tool to advance the fundamental knowledge of reproductive processes. The quality of female’s eggs defines its ability to undergo maturation, fertilization, and development. This quality is determined by various factors and is crucial for the success of ARTs. Any alternations happening during the egg growth and maturation process can result in the decreased quality, which could have long-lasting effects on development. Improving the developmental efficiency of the egg is quite challenging due to the limited knowledge on the underlying mechanism of how the egg regulates biological processes during the growth and maturation phase. We compared good-quality and poor-quality eggs to detect the key players in determining the egg quality at the molecular level. Our finding also provides information that benefits the understanding of how the nutrients in culture medium facilitate oocyte maturation, which will eventually help optimize the condition for oocyte culture. Based on the results from these comparative studies, we proposed a potential strategy for improving egg quality. The knowledge obtained from our research offers promise for many applications in the treatment of infertility and improvement of ART efficiency.

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Books on the topic "Oocysty"

1

Verlhac, Marie-Hélène, and Marie-Emilie Terret, eds. Mouse Oocyte Development. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8603-3.

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Babin, Patrick J., Joan Cerdà, and Esther Lubzens, eds. The Fish Oocyte. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6235-3.

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Homer, Hayden A., ed. Mammalian Oocyte Regulation. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-191-2.

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Dettlaff, T. A., S. G. Vassetzky, and Frank Billett, eds. Oocyte Growth and Maturation. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0682-5.

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5

Clancy, Jennifer L. Recovery of Cryptosporidium oocysts from high-volume water samples. Denver, CO: Awwa Research Foundation, 2003.

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Patrizia, Ciotti, and Venturoli Stefano, eds. Handbook of human oocyte cryopreservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Porcu, Eleonora. Handbook of human oocyte cryopreservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Malvasi, Antonio, and Domenico Baldini, eds. Pick Up and Oocyte Management. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28741-2.

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Eppig, J., Ch Hegele-Hartung, and M. Lessl, eds. The Future of the Oocyte. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04960-0.

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Kim, S. Samuel, ed. Oocyte Biology in Fertility Preservation. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8214-7.

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Book chapters on the topic "Oocysty"

1

Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Oocyst." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 2000–2001. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_2214.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Oocyst." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_2214-2.

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Borini, Andrea, and Veronica Bianchi. "Oocyte Cryopreservation." In Fertility Preservation in Females, 329–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5617-9_20.

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Borini, Andrea, and Veronica Bianchi. "Oocyte Cryopreservation." In Fertility Preservation in Females, 111–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5617-9_8.

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Schulman, Joseph. "Oocyte Development." In Preimplantation Genetics, 11–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1351-9_2.

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Gulyas, Bela J. "Oocyte Fusion." In Manipulation of Mammalian Development, 57–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2143-9_3.

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Massiah, Nadine, Jonathan Briggs, and Meenakshi Choudhary. "Oocyte Donation." In Textbook of Assisted Reproduction, 455–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2377-9_51.

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Woo, Irene, and Richard J. Paulson. "Oocyte Donation." In Handbook of In Vitro Fertilization, 303–16. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157269-20.

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Resetkova, Nina, and Michael M. Alper. "Oocyte Retrieval." In Handbook of In Vitro Fertilization, 105–14. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157269-9.

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Maggiulli, Roberta, Filippo Ubaldi, and Laura Rienzi. "Oocyte Denuding." In Clinical Embryology, 219–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8376-2_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Oocysty"

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Abbasi, Ali A., M. T. Ahmadian, Ali Alizadeh, and S. Tarighi. "Application of Hyperelastic Models in Mechanical Properties Prediction of Mouse Oocyte and Embryo Cells at Large Deformations." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65034.

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Biological cell studies have many applications in biology, cell manipulation and diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and malaria. In this study, inverse finite element method (IFEM) combined with Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm has been used to extract and characterize material properties of mouse oocyte and embryo cells at large deformations. Then, the simulation results have been validated using data from experimental works. In this study, it is assumed cell material is hyperelastic, isotropic, homogenous and axisymmetric. For inverse analysis, FEM model of cell injection experiment which implemented in Abaqus software has been coupled with Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm written in Matlab; based on this coupling the optimum hyperelastic coefficients which give the best match between experimental and simulated forces are extracted. Results show that among different hyperelastic material models, Ogden material is well suitable for characterization of mouse oocyte cell and Mooney-Rivlin or polynomial are suitable for characterization of mouse embryo cell. Moreover the evaluated Poisson ratio of the cell is obtained to be equal to 0.5, which indicates the structural material of mouse oocyte and embryo, are compressible.

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Bugaev, L. A., A. V. Voykina, and S. G. Sergeeva. "SPECIAL FEATURES OF OOCYTE SIZE IN SO-IUY MULLET (PLANILIZA HAEMATOCHEILA TEMMINCK & SCHLEGEL, 1845) IN THE SEA OF AZOV AT THE END OF THE WINTER SEASON, 2019." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.449-453.

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Analysis of special features of the reproductive system of so-iuy mullet Planiliza haematocheila (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) females from the Azov and Black Sea Basin at the end of the winter season, 2019, has been conducted using the size of oocytes as its basis. Individual differences in distribution of oocyte sizes during the period of trophoplazmatic growth have been identified. Following the estimation of ordered series of oocyte sizes during the period of trophoplazmatic growth, the median and percentile values have been calculated; they can be used as reference values for qualitative characterization of ordered series for oocyte diameter in an individual specimen, using the empirical median, calculated for the respective specimen, as a basis. It has been found out that the sizes of trophoplazmatic growth oocytes, which are utilized during the spawning period of the current year, and, therefore, the degree of gonad maturity have individual characteristics independent of the age of an individual, of its length and weight, and of the content of reserve and bioactive substances in its tissues and blood.

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Guo, Yingxue, Wanyue Zhao, Xiaohong Zhou, Yun Lu, Minghua Chen, Sigang Yang, and Hongwei Chen. "Ultrafast time-encoded flow imaging for Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts detection." In Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing IV, edited by Bahram Jalali, Ming Li, and Mohammad Hossein Asghari. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2536789.

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Stewart, Shona, Lindy McClelland, and John Maier. "A fast method for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in real world samples." In Biomedical Optics 2005, edited by Tuan Vo-Dinh, Warren S. Grundfest, David A. Benaron, and Gerald E. Cohn. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.589363.

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Feng, Zeyang, Qili Zhao, Yaowei Liu, Mingzhu Sun, Xiangfei Zhao, Maosheng Cui, and Xin Zhao. "Augmented Reality-Based Precise Oocyte Enucleation." In 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano46743.2019.8993940.

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Abbasi, Ali A., and M. T. Ahmadian. "Deformation Characterization of Mouse Oocyte Cell Using Inverse Finite Element and Levenberg–Marquardt Optimization Algorithm in Needle Injection Experiment." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70025.

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In order to better understand the mechanical properties of biological cells, characterization and investigation of their material behavior is necessary. In this paper hyperelastic Neo-Hookean material is used to characterize the mechanical properties of mouse oocyte cell. It has been assumed that the cell behavior is continues, isotropic, nonlinear and homogenous material. Then, by matching the experimental data with finite element (FE) simulation result and using the Levenberg–Marquardt optimization algorithm, the nonlinear hyperelastic model parameters have been extracted. Experimental data of mouse oocyte captured from literatures. Advantage of the developed model is that it can be used to calculate accurate reaction force on surgical instrument or it can be used to compute deformation or force in virtual reality based medical simulations.

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"The Effects of Omega3 on Oocyte Maturation." In Aug. 8-9, 2017 Singapore. EIRAI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eirai.f0817214.

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Oungoulian, Sevan R., Kelvin Chan, Jason Barritt, Casey A. McDonald, Alan B. Copperman, David Elad, and Gerard A. Ateshian. "Influence of Zona Pellucida Area Expansion Stiffness on the Passive Response of Oocytes to Osmotic Loading." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53826.

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The zona pellucida (ZP) is a thick glycoprotein shell surrounding the mammalian egg cell (oocyte) that regulates spermatozoa access during fertilization and protects the zygote during early embryonic development [1]. Hardening of the zona pellucida over the cell fertilization cycle is a well-recognized phenomenon and has been investigated using contact methods to measure shear and bending elasticity from indentation and micropipette aspiration [2, 3]. However, the area elasticity of the ZP, which provides resistance to cell swelling under variable osmotic environments, has not yet been reported. A recently devised theoretical model [4] suggests that the ZP area expansion modulus may be determined through non-contact hypo-osmotic loading of the oocyte. If successful, this method may be suited for implementation by practicing fertility health professionals during routine manipulation.

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Murugkar, Sangeeta, Silvia Carrasco, Conor Evans, X. Sunney Xie, and Hanan Anis. "Rapid detection of cryptosporidium parvum oocysts using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy." In CLEO 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo.2007.4452969.

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Bacon, Christina P., J. B. Rose, K. Patten, and Luis H. Garcia-Rubio. "Quantitative classification of cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cysts in water using UV/vis spectroscopy." In Photonics West '95, edited by Joseph R. Lakowicz. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.208509.

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Reports on the topic "Oocysty"

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Tilly, Jonathan L. Role of Oocyte Loss in Ovarian Surface Mesothelial Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434130.

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Yang, Caixia, Elane C. Wright, Benjamin J. Hale, Aileen F. Keating, and Jason W. Ross. FOXO3 Expression and Function in the Pig Oocyte and Embryo. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-642.

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Tilly, Jonathan L. Role of Oocyte Loss in Ovarian Surface Mesothelial Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424569.

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Tilly, Jonathan L., and Grant R. MacGregor. Role of Oocyte Loss in Ovarian Surface Mesothelial Cell Transformation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413259.

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Yang, Cai-Xia, Elane C. Wright, and Jason W. Ross. DND1 Expression and Function in the Porcine Ovary, Oocyte and Embryo. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1372.

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Wright, Elane C., Cai-Xia Yang, Christopher K. Tuggle, and Jason W. Ross. Heat Stress during Pig Oocyte In Vitro Maturation Impacts Embryonic Development and Gene Expression. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1373.

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