Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oolitic ironstone

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Academic literature on the topic 'Oolitic ironstone'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Oolitic ironstone"

1

Taylor, Kevin G. "Non-marine oolitic ironstones in the Lower Cretaceous Wealden sediments of southeast England." Geological Magazine 129, no. 3 (May 1992): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800019282.

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AbstractOolitic ironstones are described from the early Cretaceous non-marine Wealden sediments of southeast England. The recognition of non-marine oolitic ironstones in the geological record is rare and, therefore, warrants further study. The oolitic ironstones described take two forms, named here type-I and type-2 ironstones.Type-1 ironstones contain pisoids and ooids of berthierine together with sandstone fragments and detrital quartz grains. The pisoids (up to 0.5 cm in size) vary from subspherical to highly irregular. The smaller ooids (up to 1 mm in size) are generally ellipsoidal but strongly asymmetrical forms are also present. The form of these pisoids and ooids suggest that mechanical accretion was not the dominant mechanism controlling their formation. It is proposed that this ironstone type formed from the reworking and redeposition of local soil material.Type-2 ironstones, of which only one unequivocal example has been studied, is composed of iron oxide ooids set in a detrital matrix. The ooids are most commonly regularly ellipsoidal and exhibit a decrease in iron at their centres. It is proposed here that the ooids suffered post-depositional iron depletion at their centres, in a similar fashion to that proposed for the recent Lake Chad oolites. There is no unequivocal evidence as to the origin of the ooids.This study is important in that it shows that different ironstones can be formed by different processes essentially within the same environment. Comparison of non-marine oolitic ironstones with the better-developed marine examples should prove a valuable exercise.
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2

Poudel, Lalu, and Sujan Devkota. "Petrology and Genesis of the Bhainskati Iron Ore Deposit of Palpa District, Western Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 28, no. 1-2 (December 2, 2013): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v28i1-2.26237.

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The Bhainskati Formation of the Tansen Group in Palpa area is known for hematite iron ore deposit for long time. A prominent band of hematite of about 1-2 km thickness extending >5 km was identified in the upper part of the Bhainskati Formation in the present study and the band is repeated three times in the area by folding and faulting. Petrographic study shows that it is oolitic ironstone of sedimentary shallow marine origin. Main minerals in the band are hematite, goethite, quartz, calcite, siderite and albite. Hematite content varies considerably among samples and occurs mainly as oolite and cement. The Bhainskati ironstone with its ferrous mineral assemblage and well-rounded texture of the ooids suggests prodeltaicto estuarine with shallow marine environment reduced clastic input.
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Devkota, Sujan, and Lalu Prasad Paudel. "Petrology and genesis of the Bhainskati iron ore deposit of Palpa District, western Nepal." Bulletin of the Department of Geology 15 (January 21, 2013): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bdg.v15i0.7418.

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The Bhainskati Formation of the Tansen Group in the Palpa area is known for hematite iron ore deposit for long time. A prominent band of hematite of about 1-2 m thickness and extending >5 km was identified in the upper part of the Bhainskati Formation in the present study. The band is repeated three times in the area by folding and faulting. Petrographic study shows that it is oolitic ironstone of sedimentary origin. Main minerals in the band are hematite, goethite, quartz, calcite, siderite and albite. Hematite content varies considerably among samples and occurs mainly as oolite and cement. The Bhainskati ironstone with its ferrous mineral assemblage and well-rounded texture of the ooids suggests shallow marine environment (prodeltaic to estuarine) with reduced clastic input. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bdg.v15i0.7418 Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 15, 2012, pp. 63-68
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4

Ozulu, George Uchebike, Anthony Uwaoma Okoro, and Evangeline Njideka Onuigbo. "Sedimentary facies and environments of the sedimentary fill of Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria." Global Journal of Geological Sciences 19, no. 1 (July 13, 2021): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjgs.v19i1.5.

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Six lithofacies were identified in the Lokoja Formation, Southern Bida Basin: fanglomerate/ conglomerate lithofacies (Gmc), fine to coarse-grained ferruginized weakly cross-bedded, pebbly sandstone lithofacies (Scx), fine to coarsegrained sandstone lithofacies (Sfc), silty claystone lithofacies (Csm), siltstone lithofacies (Slt) and lateritic ironstone lithofacies (Ilt). These were grouped into three lithofacies associations viz: alluvial fan, braided river channel, floodplain lithofacies association. Nine lithofacies were identified in the Ahoko Formation. These are: black-dark grey carbonaceous shale lithofacies (Shc), bioturbated ripple-laminated siltstone lithofacies (Sbr), poorly cross-laminated claystone lithofacies (Cxl), concretionary/nodular ironstone lithofacies (Icn), medium to coarse-grained sandstone lithofacies (Smc) fine grained, well-sorted, friable bioturbated herringbone cross-bedded sandstone lithofacies (Sxf), massive brownish claystone lithofacies (Clm), massive claystone with lateritic ironstone lithofacies (Cli) and lateritic ironstones lithofacies (Ilt). These have been grouped into three lithofacies associations viz: shallow marine lithofaciesassociation, tidal-intertidal flat lithofacies association and floodplain lithofacies association. Similarly, three lithofacies were identified in the Agbaja Formation and have been grouped into two lithofacies association. These are: fine to medium-grained sandstone ironstone interbedded lithofacies (Sti), oolitic–pisolitic ironstone lithofacies (Iop) and concretionary ironstone lithofacies (Icr). The lithofacies associations are: tidal-intertidal flat lithofacies association and shallow marine lithofacies association. Result of lithofacies analysis helped in interpreting the depositional environments. The Lokoja Formation is a product of a fluvial dominated alluvial system from debris/gravity flow in alluvial fan. This developed further into braided river channels and later meandering river during the closing stages. Sediments of the Ahoko Formation were deposited in tidal/intertidal flats and shallow marine environments while sediments of the Agbaja Formation were produced by a shallow marine system with a high tidal influence.
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5

Guerrak, S. "Paleozoic patterns of oolitic ironstone sedimentation in the Sahara." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 12, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(91)90055-4.

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Villas, E. "New Caradoc brachiopods from the Iberian Chains (northeastern Spain) and their stratigraphic significance." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 5 (September 1992): 772–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000020795.

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New collections of Caradoc brachiopods from the lower half of the Fombuena Formation in the Iberian Chains (northeastern Spain) have yielded rich fossil associations that, in spite of the endemism of most of their species, permit detailed correlations with other sequences in southwestern Europe, Bohemia, and the British Isles. The oldest association studied occurs at the top of the basal oolitic ironstone of the Fombuena Formation, where 10 brachiopod species have been recorded; the youngest association occurs in sandstones in the middle part of the unit, having yielded seven brachiopod species. Herein, 11 forms are described including four new species (Gelidorthis carlsi, Saukrodictya tormoensis, Reuschella herreraensis, and Rostricellula marciali) and one new subspecies (Aegiromena aquila intermedia). The stratigraphic setting of the oolitic ironstone and its brachiopods suggest a correlation with similar beds that crop out at various localities in the Iberian Peninsula and northwestern France, as well as with the Zdice-Nucice Iron Ore, placed at the base of the Vinice Formation in Bohemia. The regressive–transgressive cycle, whose point of maximum shoaling coincides with the deposition of the apparently widespread ferruginous bed, is restricted to the Mediterranean Province and may have been caused by regional epeirogenic movements. The stratigraphic gap marked by the ironstone had been assessed at several localities in Iberia and Armorica; it ranges from late Costonian to Soudleyan, an age not in disagreement with the occurrence of a new species of Reuschella immediately above the ironstone of the Iberian Chains, since Reuschella is not known before the Soudleyan. Dalmanella unguis unguis, which has been recorded in the youngest assemblage and which in Wales is restricted to the Marshbrookian, is another important guide form in the problematic correlation between the Mediterranean Caradoc and the British type sequence.
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Abazar, M. A. Daoud, M. A. Rashed, A. M. Elsharief, N. Sediek Kadry, and A. M. Elamein. "The geotechnical properties of the oolitic ironstone formation, Wadi Halfa, North Sudan." Journal of Geology and Mining Research 12, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jgmr2019.0326.

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8

Gehring, A. U., and R. Karthein. "An ESR and calorimetric study of iron oolitic samples from the Northampton ironstone." Clay Minerals 25, no. 3 (September 1990): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1990.025.3.06.

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AbstractElectron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and calorimetric methods were used to characterize conversion processes in multimineral samples from the Northampton ironstone (NIS) at temperatures between 25°C and 800°C. The beginning of the thermal conversion processes can be determined by the formation of asymmetric ESR spectra with g ≈ 2 at 250°C. The breakdown of the berthierine structure between 250°C and 520°C is indicated by the disappearance of the hyperfine splitting in the Mn2+ spectrum and the formation of magnetite. The decomposition of siderite and calcite was found by calorimetric methods at 580°C and 700°C, respectively. The hematite formation between 550°C and 800°C is explained by the decomposition of siderite but also by the oxidation of previously formed magnetite. The occurrence of hematite as the dominant ferric oxide at 800°C signifies the end of the conversion process of the major mineral phases in the NIS samples.
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9

Berendsen, Pieter, John H. Doveton, and Stanislaw Speczik. "Distribution and characteristics of a Middle Ordovician oolitic ironstone in northeastern Kansas based on petrographic and petrophysical properties: a Laurasian ironstone case study." Sedimentary Geology 76, no. 3-4 (March 1992): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(92)90084-5.

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Opeloye, Saka Adelayo, John Olurotimi Amigun, Sherif Olumide Sanusi, and Olujide Alabi. "Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and oolitic ironstone mapping of the Agbaja Ironstone Formation in the Nupe Basin, North-central Nigeria: Insights from sedimentological and aeromagnetic analyses." Results in Geophysical Sciences 5 (March 2021): 100010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ringps.2021.100010.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oolitic ironstone"

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Trythall, Robert J. B. "The Mid-Ordovician oolitic ironstones of North Wales." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/600846.

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Oolitic ironstones occur within the Lower Palaeozoic Welsh Basin as isolated deposits found over a wide geographical area. There are two phases of ironstone deposition, a minor Upper Arenig phase and a Mid-Ordovician (Upper Llanvirn to basal Caradoc) phase. Both correlate with eustatic falls of sea level which exposed the Irish Sea Landmass lying immediately to the northwest. This exposure resulted in deep chemical weathering and generation of lateritic soils. Erosion of this material formed the source for the oolitic' ironstones in the Welsh Basin. The ironstones formed above stratigraphic hiatuses on sediment starved shallow water shoals, formed by synsedimentary faulting. These shoals were the favourable sites for the formation of berthierine peloids, which formed the nuclei for ooids. Additionally, they were also the site for the accumulation of berthierine mud, which was closely linked with the development of ferruginous algal mats. Bacterial reduction of organic material associated with ironstones, supplied the necessary reducing conditions for the formation and preservation of berthierine from a kaolinite/iron oxide precursor. Ooids formed by rolling over the muddy surface and mechanically accreting berthierine. Subsequent tidal current reworking of this sediment resulted in the formation of the characteristic lithological features of the ironstones, representing a shallowing-up sequence. Progressive current winnowing led to the formation of a sequence with an upward increasing ooid content and decreasing mud content. The upper facies of the ironstones is an ooid bar deposit worked by tidal currents. Cessation of current reworking allowed faunal colonisation of the bar with significant bioturbation of the sediment, destroying primary sedimentary structures. The presence of some grain-ironstones indicate the original sedimentary state of the upper facies. Tectonic instability during deposition, by synsedimentary faulting, resulted in the formation of disturbed ironstones, and debris flows within the ironstone sequences. Many features of the ironstones are diagenetic in origin, especially the formation of phosphate nodules within the ironstone sequence. These formed just below the sediment/sea water interface, and some nodules were reworked into overlying beds. The source was phosphorus released from adsorption on clays and iron oxides, and also released from organic material. Later siderite development in the ironstones is indicated by the presence of primary cements in grain-ironstones and secondary alterations in pack-ironstones. The generation of diagenetic siderite was dependant upon the amount of organic material within the ironstones, bacterial reduction of which resulted in the formation of bicarbonate and ferrous ions. Sane ironstones were subsequently altered during the Caradoc phase of volcanic activity. The formation of magnetite and stilpnomelane within the ironstones were caused by metasanatic activity associated with dolerite sills and microgranite intrusions. Siderite alteration and base metal sulphides resulted fram late stage hydrothermal activity by some microgranites. Contact metarrorphism by granophyric intrusions led to the extensive replacement of the ironstones by pyrite. Regional metarrorphism resulted in the progressive change of berthierine to chamosite and increased lattice ordering of chamosite.
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Books on the topic "Oolitic ironstone"

1

Petránek, Jan. Phanerozoic ooidal ironstones: Contribution to the International Geological Correlation Programme: Project 277-Phanerozoic Ooidal Ironstones. Prague: Czech Geological Survey, 1997.

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2

Green marine clays: Oolitic ironstone facies, verdine facies, glaucony facies, and celadonite-bearing facies : a comparative study. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Oolitic ironstone"

1

"Introduction to the Oolitic Ironstone Facies." In Developments in Sedimentology, 5–6. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(08)70055-4.

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2

Odin, G. S., R. W. O'B Knox, R. A. Gygi, and S. Guerrak. "Chapter A2 Green Marine Clays from the Oolitic Ironstone Facies: Habit, Mineralogy, Environment." In Developments in Sedimentology, 29–52. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(08)70057-8.

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3

Schwarz, T., and K. Germann. "Oolitic ironstones in continental sediments of northern Sudan." In Geoscientific Research in Northeast Africa, 501–7. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203753392-92.

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4

Mücke, A. "Part II. Postdiagenetic Ferruginization of Phanerozoic (oolitic) Ironstones: A Contribution to Their Geneses." In Diagenesis, IV, 396–423. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(08)70445-x.

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Delaloye, M. F., and G. S. Odin. "Chapter A1 Chamosite, The Green Marine Clay From Chamoson; A Study of Swiss Oolitic Ironstones." In Developments in Sedimentology, 7–28. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(08)70056-6.

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MüCke, Arno. "Chapter 11 Part I. Postdiagenetic Ferruginization of Sedimentary Rocks (Sandstones, Oolitic Ironstones, Kaolins and Bauxites) — Including a Comparative Study of The Reddening of Red Beds." In Diagenesis, IV, 361–95. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(08)70444-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Oolitic ironstone"

1

Pattison, Lindsay, and David G. Bailey. "MINERALOGICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OOLITIC IRONSTONES FROM THE TYPE LOCALITY, CLINTON, NEW YORK." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272675.

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