Relevant bibliographies by topics / OOP (Out of Pocket) educational expenditures

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Academic literature on the topic 'OOP (Out of Pocket) educational expenditures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "OOP (Out of Pocket) educational expenditures"

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Łyszczarz, Błażej, and Zhaleh Abdi. "Factors Associated with Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure in Polish Regions." Healthcare 9, no. 12 (2021): 1750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121750.

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Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are perceived as the most regressive means of health financing. Using the panel-data approach and region-aggregated data from Statistics Poland, this research investigated associations between socio-economic factors and OOP health spending in 16 Polish regions for the period 1999–2019. The dependent variable was real (inflation-adjusted) monthly OOP health expenditure per person in Polish households. Potential independent variables included economic, labour, demographic, educational, health, environmental, and lifestyle measures based on previous research. A set of
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Chisholm, Dan, Emily Garman, Erica Breuer, et al. "Health service costs and their association with functional impairment among adults receiving integrated mental health care in five low- and middle-income countries: the PRIME cohort study." Health Policy and Planning 35, no. 5 (2020): 567–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czz182.

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Abstract This study examines the level and distribution of service costs—and their association with functional impairment at baseline and over time—for persons with mental disorder receiving integrated primary mental health care. The study was conducted over a 12-month follow-up period in five low- and middle-income countries participating in the Programme for Improving Mental health carE study (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, South Africa and Uganda). Data were drawn from a multi-country intervention cohort study, made up of adults identified by primary care providers as having alcohol use disorders,
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Buitrago-Garcia, D., F. Rodriguez, G. Sánchez, and P. Santos-Moreno. "AB1340-HPR PATIENTS’ OUT-OF-POCKET EXPENSES ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ENROLLED IN A EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1958.2–1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5526.

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Background:The increasing health and economic burdens of deaths and disabilities from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are emerging as major concerns worldwide, particularly for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)(1). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) NCD is considered as one of the most common causes of disability. RA affects from 0.5% to 1% of the worldwide population. Little is known about the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for prescription of pharmacological treatment for patients with RA, including drugs, diagnostic tests, mobility aids among others.Objectives:To describe the out of pocket
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Ahmed, Sayem, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, Marufa Sultana, et al. "Do employer-sponsored health insurance schemes affect the utilisation of medically trained providers and out-of-pocket payments among ready-made garment workers? A case–control study in Bangladesh." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (2020): e030298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030298.

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ObjectiveWe estimated the effect of an employer-sponsored health insurance (ESHI) scheme on healthcare utilisation of medically trained providers and reduction of out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure among ready-made garment (RMG) workers.DesignWe used a case–control study design with cross-sectional preintervention and postintervention surveys.SettingsThe study was conducted among workers of seven purposively selected RMG factories in Shafipur, Gazipur in Bangladesh.ParticipantsIn total, 1924 RMG workers (480 from the insured and 482 from the uninsured, in each period) were surveyed from insured a
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Obembe, Taiwo A., Jonathan Levin, and Sharon Fonn. "Prevalence and factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure among slum and non-slum dwellers undergoing emergency surgery in a metropolitan area of South Western Nigeria." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0255354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255354.

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Background Out of Pocket (OOP) payment continues to persist as the major mode of payment for healthcare in Nigeria despite the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Although the burden of health expenditure has been examined in some populations, the impact of OOP among slum dwellers in Nigeria when undergoing emergencies, is under-researched. This study sought to examine the prevalence, factors and predictors of catastrophic health expenditure amongst selected slum and non-slum communities undergoing emergency surgery in Southwestern Nigeria. Methods The study utilised a
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Wright, Kikelomo Ololade, Adeyinka Adeniran, Adedayo Aderibigbe, et al. "Factors associated with Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure in communities of Lagos Nigeria: A Megacity experience." PLOS ONE 20, no. 1 (2025): e0316814. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316814.

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Background Each year, millions of people in low—and middle-income countries such as Nigeria are forced into poverty and financial ruin due to out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare expenses. Our study assessed the prevalence and determinants of Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure (CHE) experienced by households in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2492 households in Lagos from December 2022 to March 2023 in 4 Local Government Areas (LGAs) using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires
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Henrietta Ukpe, Udeme, and Sani Mohamadou. "Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures and Agricultural Production Linkages." Health Economics and Management Review 5, no. 4 (2024): 147–56. https://doi.org/10.61093/hem.2024.4-10.

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Out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure is the amount a patient pays directly for healthcare when insurance doesn’t cover the full cost. OOP health expenditures represent a significant financial burden on households. In Cameroon where healthcare financing is heavily reliant on OOP payments, the economic impact of health-related expenses is especially pronounced, affecting various sectors, including agriculture, which is the backbone of the country’s economy. Examining the relationship between OOP health expenditures and agricultural production is essential. This study investigates the linkages
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Duan, Weixia, Wen Zhang, Chengguo Wu, et al. "Extent and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure for tuberculosis care in Chongqing municipality, China: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (2019): e026638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026638.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the extent and associations of patient/diagnostic delay and other potential factors with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) for tuberculosis (TB) care in Chongqing municipality, China.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingFour counties of Chongqing municipality, China.ParticipantsA total of 1199 patients with active pulmonary TB beyond 16 years and without mental disorders were consecutively recruited in the four counties’ designated TB medical institutions.Outcome measuresThe incidence and intensity of CHE for TB care were described. The association between patients’
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Khan, Jinat Jahan, Farzana Sehrin, Zahidul Quayyum, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, and Mohammad Shafiqur Rahman. "Factors affecting out-of-pocket expenditures for chronic and acute illnesses in Bangladesh." PLOS ONE 20, no. 4 (2025): e0320429. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320429.

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Background In the absence of universal healthcare protection, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures are the main source of healthcare financing in Bangladesh. This study assesses the disparities in the overall and the components of OOP expenditures among households with both chronic and acute illnesses compared to those having acute illnesses only. It also identifies factors influencing OOP expenditures over time and examines patterns related to various illness conditions. Materials and methods Data from the Household Income and Expenditure Surveys (HIES) of 2016–17 and 2022 were used. A Log-linear
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Smith, Emily R., Pamela Espinoza, Madeline Metcalf, et al. "Modeling the global impact of reducing out-of-pocket costs for children’s surgical care." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 1 (2024): e0002872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002872.

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Over 1.7 billion children lack access to surgical care, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with substantial risks of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) and impoverishment. Increasing interest in reducing out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures as a tool to reduce the rate of poverty is growing. However, the impact of reducing OOP expenditures on CHE remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to estimate the global impact of reducing OOP expenditures for pediatric surgical care on the risk of CHE within and between countries. Our goal was to estimate the impact of re
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Book chapters on the topic "OOP (Out of Pocket) educational expenditures"

1

Kumar, Ajay, and Sanal Gupta. "Incidence of Out-of-pocket Health Expenditure led Impoverishment among Rural Households: An Empirical Study in Himachal Pra." In Social Development and Governance Innovations in Education, Technology and Management. QTanalytics India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/978-81-966500-9-4_2.

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The healthcare system in India is characterised by high out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure, which varies across states and different population groups. This study aims to examine the levels of impoverishment caused by OOP health payments and their determinants among rural households in Himachal Pradesh, India. The study uses cross-sectional data from a survey of 300 rural households from two districts of Himachal Pradesh. We study the level of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) at two different thresholds i.e., 10 percent and 25 percent of households consumption expenditure. Using the state po
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Jung Cho, Min, and Eva Haverkort. "Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditures in Uzbekistan: Progress and Reform Priorities." In Rural Health - Investment, Research and Implications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110022.

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Over the past twenty years, Uzbekistan’s health system changed drastically from the inherited Soviet health system. This research aims to examine the main aspects of the Uzbek health financing system and policy process that led to out-of-pocket (OOP) health care expenditures by using a mixed-method case study approach. Qualitative findings reveal that the covered basic benefit package is limited. Health care evaluation methods and accessible information on health quality are lacking. This leads to inefficient use of resources and a risk of using unnecessary or low-quality health services. Quan
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