Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'OPAC systems'

本論文は、多端子通信路に対するマルチユーザ符号化および復号の研究成果をまとめたものである。多重接続加算通信路による情報伝送において、複数ユーザの稼働状態を識別するための誤り訂正可能なシグネチャ符号の構成を論ず,全伝送率の高いシグネチャ符号の一般的な構成法を解明する.双方向中継通信路では、2ユーザターボ符号に対する復号の演算量を低減させる復号法を提案する。加法性白色ガウス雑音環境下では復号性能を劣化することなく、レイリーフェージング環境下では僅かな劣化にとどめながら、復号の演算量を約半分程度に低減することができる.<br>Coding and decoding for multiuser communication systems are investigated. For MAAC, we propose a coding scheme of (k + 1)-ary error-correcting signature codes. We give binary and non-binary signature codes. They are the best error-correcting signature codes for MAAC, in the sense that they have highest sum rates known. For TWRC, we propose a low-complexity two-user turbo decoding scheme when turbo codes are applied in two users. The approximate decoding algorithm preserves low decoding complexity over the Gaussian TWRC, without much performance degradation.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

This research aimed to investigate the desires of the users of the Greek public Library on Gender and Equality (LGE) about a future Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) containing Web2.0 functionalities. The concepts of participation, information pluralism and community building in relation with Web 2.0 tools in libraries’ catalogues were introduced under the theoretical approach provided by Social Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas. Aqualitative research based on semi-structured interviews with users of the LGE wasconducted and the collected data that were analysed with the thematic analysis method,revealed positive users’ impressions regarding the introduction of Web 2.0 tools in theLGE’s OPAC. The research also disclosed users’ desires and suggestions regarding specific Web 2.0 features and their common motivation to participate and contribute to be the opportunity of communicating with like-minded people.

Max-plus代数は，実数全体に無限小元を付加した集合に，加法として最大値をとる演算，乗法として通常の加法を考えた代数系である．本論文では，max-plus線形方程式に対するCramerの公式の類似物を用いて，線形方程式の解空間の基底が構成できることを示した．さらに固有値問題に関連して，max-plus行列の固有ベクトルの概念を2通りの観点から拡張した．<br>The max-plus algebra is the semiring with addition "max" and multiplication "+". In the present thesis, the author gives a combinatorial characterization of solutions of linear systems in terms of the max-plus Cramer's rule. Further, the author extends the concept of eigenvectors of max-plus matrices from two different perspectives.<br>博士(理学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Science<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

この論文では従来電力系統から自立的に利用出来る太陽エネルギー及び燃料電池コジェネレーションシステムの徹底的な解析が述べられている。開発した水素マイクログリッドの燃料依存を最小化にする数理モデルを利用し日本社会でのさまざまなシナリオのシミュレーションが行なわれた。こういうシステムの実現性が従来水素燃料供給方法の審査及び日本の中型離島の事例研究で評価された。経済的な分析によって石油の価格が高い遠隔な地域では水素マイクログリッドは競争力があると分かった。<br>This thesis presents a thorough analysis on energy supply systems using solar energy and fuel cell cogeneration systems that can operate reliably and independently from the main power grid. A mathematical model to maximize fuel independence for hydrogen micro-grids is developed and simulated for various scenarios in Japanese communities. The viability of implementing such systems is assessed with a review of available hydrogen supply channels, and a study case for a remote Japanese island of medium size. An economic analysis of this study suggests that hydrogen micro-grids are economically competitive for energy supply in remote areas where oil prices are high.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

The objective of this research improving the overall performance of MAS by minimizing the time needed to solve the predator-prey problem by evolutionary optimizing (coevolving) both the morphology and behaviour of agents, and minimizing the runtime needed by evolutionary framework – genetic programming to successfully accomplish such a coevolution. The experimental results obtained suggest that an asymmetric morphology of the very simple predator agents coevolved with their intricate “driving” behaviour results in a most efficient behaviour of the agents.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

近年発酵生産が注目されているコハク酸の抽出分離法についてイオン液体を含む液膜法及び水性２相抽出法を用いて研究した．イオン液体を含む含浸型液膜により，受容相に塩酸水溶液を用いることでコハク酸の上り坂輸送を達成できた．次にイオン液体を含む高分子溶媒膜によるコハク酸の透過を検討した．最適な条件は含浸液膜と異なり，透過にはコハク酸の各化学種が関与していた．最後に水溶性有機溶媒やイオン液体を用いた水性２相抽出法によるコハク酸の抽出を行った．塩および糖を相分離剤とすることで，発酵液で想定されるコハク酸の80％以上の抽出が達成できた．<br>Succinic acid is widely used in many industrial sectors; pharmacy, textile, food, etc. The bio-production of succinic acid from renewable resource was desired because the petrochemical production of succinic acid became costly. In this study, the extraction and separation techniques of succinic acid by liquid membranes (LMs) and aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) containing ionic liquids (ILs) were exploited. The permeation mechanisms and optical conditions were elucidated.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

We investigate an approach to apply Genetic Programming for the evolution of optimal escaping strategies of a team of caribou agents in the wolf-caribou predator prey problem (WCPPP) where the WCPPP is comprised of a team of caribou agents attempting to escape from a single yet superior (in terms of sensory abilities, raw speed, and maximum energy) wolf agent in a simulated twodimensional infinite toroidal world. We empirically verify our hypothesis that the incorporation of empathy in caribou agents significantly improves both the evolution efficiency of the escaping behavior and the effectiveness of such a behavior. This finding may be viewed as a verification of the survival value of empathy and the resulting compassionate behavior of the escaping caribou agents. Moreover, considering the fact that a single caribou cannot escape from the superior wolf, the ability of a team of empathic caribou agents to escape may also be viewed as an illustration of the emergent nature of a successful escaping behavior – in that the team-level properties are more than the mere sum of the properties of the individual entities. Within this context, we also present empirical results that verify the complex (nonlinear) nature of the relationship between the size of team of caribou agents and the efficiency of their escaping behavior.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

本論文では，電力利用率向上と需給バランス調整に寄与する蓄電池付太陽光PCSの新たな制御法について検討を行い，その有効性を確認している。受電点の潮流に応じてPCSの力率を制御することで，逆潮流時には系統電圧の上昇を抑制しつつ，順潮流時には負荷への電力利用率を向上する手法を提案し，フィールド試験により有効性を定量評価した。また，受電電力の制御目標値を可変とする制御を用い目標値を最適化することで，新たな機器を付加する必要なく上げ下げのDRに対応し需給バランスを調整する制御手法を提案し，その有効性をシミュレーションおよび実機により検証した。<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

The Master thesis focuses on the application of Information Systems in the field of Library and Information Science.  Within the context of organizational learning, a collaborative user-centered approach is used to produce desired system characteristics and future research suggestions. More specifically, this research study explores the library users’ and academic librarians’ perceptions of the current library discovery and access services as mediated through the Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) of the Academic Library of the School of Philosophy at Athens University in Greece. Additionally, it explores their desired characteristics for the ‘public facing’ Integrated Library System (ILS), of which the OPAC constitutes a module, in order to generate recommendations that guide the Academic Library staff members’ collaborative design of a more user-centered library information system. The study is built upon the systems thinking framework of Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology (SSM). Applied theories and design processes guide research processes aimed at advancing both inclusive social learning and system improvements.

本論文は第二言語話者の発話を高精度で認識するための音素セットの構成方法に関する研究結果を述べている．本論文では，第二言語話者の発話をネイティブ話者の発話とは異なる音響特徴量の頻度分布を持つ情報源とみなし，これを表現する適切な音素セットを構築する手法を提案している．具体的には，対象とする第二言語と母語との調音位置や調音様式などの類似性に加え，同音異義語の発生による単語識別性能の低下を総合した基準に基づき，最適な音素セットを決定する．提案手法を日本人学生の英語発話の音声認識に適用し，種々の条件下で認識精度の向上を検証した．<br>This dissertation focuses on the problem caused by confused mispronunciation to improve the recognition performance of second language speech. A novel method considering integrated acoustic and linguistic features is proposed to derive a reduced phoneme set for L2 speech recognition. The customized phoneme set is created with a phonetic decision tree (PDT)-based top-down sequential splitting method that utilizes the phonological knowledge between L1 and L2. The dissertation verifies the efficacy of the proposed method for Japanese English and shows that the feasibility of building a speech recognizer with the proposed method is able to alleviate the problem caused by confused mispronunciation by second language speakers.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

The object of this study is to examine the effective functionality of an OPAC-system while a few participants interacted with the catalogue. I’ve used Carl Martin Allwood’s (1998) four designed usability factors to be able to estimate the effective functionality of the online catalogue. Theoretic basis is Human Computer Interaction together with Allwood’s four defined usability factors. They are: adjustment, ease of use, user acceptance and user competence. This study is conducted with a verbal protocol method which encourages the seven participators to “think aloud” while performing tasks. The study shows that the participants interact most effective in those functions they’re accustomed with. Which indicate that the OPAC-system have a high grade of user acceptance. The end users with more experience of using Internet search engines requested similar search capabilities and settings in the online catalogue. They tend to lack a little bit of understanding to the limitations of the OPAC which therefore indicate their lack of user competence. Some task problems occurred while the participators interacted in steps and functions they weren’t familiar with. They also spoke of the difficulties with subject searching and that they would like to know the best way to make search queries. I estimate some need of more user friendly functions and services, especially in the help section. The study shows that it is essential to educate users in ways to interact with the OPAC-system in a more effective manner.

In an accelerating Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) environment, academic libraries’ catalogs have always been part of students’ and faculty members journey of resources discovery. The master thesis intents to focus its interest in Information Systems (IS) ground related to the implementation of a new search engine at the University of Piraeus Library. The Library wants to change the search features of its traditional online services and to implement a new discover tool with Web 2.0 characteristics. The aim of this master thesis is to investigate users’ views and desires interest according to their scholarly needs and expectations about VuFind in order to facilitate the Library to customize the integration. Therefore, critical systems theory will be employed for “therapeutic” reasons to enlighten the Library’s users about their current situation. Qualitative analysis is expected to recognize discrimination against traditional Library’s search engines. Qualitative data of the user impression and reaction when operate with the VuFind interface will lead to recommendations for enhancement and improvements. Findings will assist implementers to modify the discovery layer by meeting users’ needs of the academia community. The research will collect data through qualitative method on how participants operate with the VuFind search engine merging librarians’ professional views and users’ expectations and propositions. Participatory Design (PD) will be built upon Future Workshop method.

Parallel processing can provide the huge computational resources that are required to solve todays grand challenges, at a fraction of the cost of developing sequential machines of equal power. However, even with such attractive benefits the parallel software industry is still very small compared to its sequential counterpart. This has been attributed to the lack of an accepted parallel model of computation, therefore leading to software which is architecture dependent with unpredictable performance. The Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP) model provides a solution to these problems and can be compared to the Von Neumann model of sequential computation. In this thesis we investigate the issues involved in providing a modular programming environment based on the BSP model. Using our results we present Opal, a BSP programming language that has been designed for parallel programming-in-the-large. While other BSP languages and libraries have been developed, none of them provide support for libraries of parallel algorithms. A library mechanism must be introduced into BSP without destroying the existing cost model. We examine such issues and show that the active library mechanism of Opal leads to algorithms which still have predictable performance. If algorithms are to retain acceptable levels of performance across a range of machines then they must be able to adapt to the architecture that they are executing on. Such adaptive algorithms require support from the programming language, an issue that has been addressed in Opal. To demonstrate the Opal language and its modular features we present a number of example algorithms. Using an Opal compiler that has been developed we show that we can accurately predict the performance of these algorithms. The thesis concludes that by using Opal it is possible to program the BSP model in a modular fashion that follows good software engineering principles. This enables large scale parallel software to be developed that is architecture independent, has predictable performance and is adaptive to the target architecture.

Over 1500 hours' effort were put into this intensive project with 6 weeks prior to the commencing date of the project to meet the objectives and requirements of the project. During this project, all the available devices, instruments including their configuration software were properly configured with all the expected features fully functioning. This thesis report summaries most of the work done with a reasonably detailed level to support future students with a comprehensive background to develop the project aspects in the future. A comprehensive SCADA system was designed and implemented using the configured devices and the control modules in the laboratory. The network structure of the control system was relatively large, but indeed demonstrated the capability of the automation system. Profibus communication networks in the laboratory were carefully designed and fully set up with proper labels, which would then be used as an education tool to gain the experience of industrial communication by the students. Over 500 pages of configuration manuals of devices and configuration software were created as a large part of the focus of this project. The configuration manuals contain a huge range of information which covers more than what students need during their study. Those manuals are expected to guide students for their projects and troubleshooting.

HMS Industrial networks is a company that offers communication solutions for automation systems. There exists an abundance of different industrial network technologies and HMS manufactures gateways that translate and allow communication between the different networks.The multiplicity of network technologies introduces problems when it comes to monitoring the processes in an automation system. It is desirable to be able to access the process data through a single network technology and this is what OPC UA is used for. Briefly, OPC UA can be described as an interface for exchange ofprocess data in automation systems. HMS has noticed a rising trend in the interest for OPC UA and therefore wants to investigate the possibility to use OPC UA on their platform, the Anybus X-Gateway. The goal of this thesis has been to port an OPC UA stack, provided by the OPCfoundation, to the HMS operating system running on an Anybus X-Gateway. The port has been successful and has been verified by unit tests and a test application. Thus, a first step towards a complete OPC UA product has been taken. Further, the thesis presents a theoretical summary about real-time operating systems to explain their function and usage.

In the Diploma Work is described the Simotion commanding system which has been produced by Siemens. Conception of the system and its features are explained. Further, the work deals with the data and alarm transfer among separate systems, an item which has been dealt with by the help of OPC (OLE for Process Control). Its update and specification have been covered with OPC Foundation organization. The alarm report visualization out of the Simotion system to WinnCC environment (which is not a client of OPC Alarms & Events server) is introduced here .

The thesis offers an in-depth analysis on the OPC-UA communication protocol. In particular, we want to study and analyze the possibility of implementing this protocol on automatic machines currently on the market by effectively replacing the entire M2M communication architecture, or in any case by offering the possibility of creating a standard communication system in the Business layer of the hierarchy of the levels of communication. In order to propose OPC-UA as a new communication system, the first part of the following thesis focuses on research and study of the protocol. In fact, thanks to the collection of data sheets, publications and other documentation available from seminars held in the past years by industry experts, who define the characteristics and properties of the standard, it was possible to fully learn the principle of operation. Based on the study of this standard regulated by the IEC 62541 standard, specific tests were carried out on a test bench made with PLC of the main vendors currently on the market to test the potential of OPC-UA, thus giving a technical aspect to the second part of the following elaborate. By considering the limitations imposed by software developers on the implementation of OPC-UA in the development environments of their PLCs, it was therefore possible to write software codes that tested the dynamism, scalability and communication performance between PLCs of different vendors connected together. Finally, the results of the communication tests between the various platforms have been collected in tables and reported at the end of this document with the aim of evaluating and giving a technical response, followed by personal considerations, on the effective implementability of OPC-UA in the industry.

The conventional understanding behind how the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) has formulated its decisions and subsequently behaved in the international system has consistently centered on the role of market forces. Either proactively or reactively, it has been assumed that OPEC’s actions were merely engaging and responding to the supply and demand dynamics in the global economy. Though space was always given to the political considerations of certain OPEC Member States, and how that impacts the behavior of the Organization, inquiry into OPEC decision-making and behavior has generally centered on economic considerations, with politics playing an intermittent supporting role. This work challenges the assumptions behind the conventional narrative of OPEC’s behavior in the international system. By utilizing a historically-based process tracing method, relying heavily on archival data from OPEC’s headquarters and declassified American national security documents from the late 1940s to the present, a more sophisticated model of decision-making and behavior is developed. Accordingly, OPEC’s decisions and behavior are more accurately a product of four inter-related determinants: the role of market forces, the influence of outside actors (usually great powers) upon the Organization, interstate relations and politics among Member States, and the pressure of the internal state dynamics within OPEC Member States. It is at the intersection of these four variables where OPEC’s behavior is more readily understood. Thus, with a sophisticated understanding of the interplay of these determinants, OPEC’s decision-making process and behavior can be more accurately understood and possibly forecasted to a limited degree.

В ході роботи був реалізований OPC-клієнт, який отримує дані від ОРС-сервера для подальшої обробки і передає до нього команди управління. Для його роботи встановлюється ще одна робоча станція, або використовується вже наявна.

This research centers on the fabrication, characterization, and engineering of inverse opal scaffolds, a novel class of three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds made of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The unique features of an inverse opal scaffold include a highly ordered array of pores, uniform and finely tunable pore sizes, high interconnectivity, and great reproducibility. The first part of this work focuses on the fabrication and functionalization of inverse opal scaffolds based on poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), a biodegradable material approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The advantages of the PLGA inverse opal scaffolds are also demonstrated by comparing with their counterparts with spherical but non-uniform pores and poor interconnectivity. The second part of this work shows two examples where the PLGA inverse opal scaffolds were successfully used as a well-defined system to investigate the effect of pore size of a 3D porous scaffold on the behavior of cell and tissue growth. Specifically, I have demonstrated that i) the differentiation of progenitor cells in vitro was dependent on the pore size of PLGA-based scaffolds and the behavior of the cells was determined by the size of individual pores where the cells resided in, and ii) the neovascularization process in vivo could be directly manipulated by controlling a combination of pore and window sizes when they were applied to a mouse model. The last part of this work deals with the novel application of photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), a volumetric imaging modality recently developed, to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, in the context of non-invasive imaging and quantification of cells and tissues grown in PLGA inverse opal scaffolds, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the capability of PAM to monitor and quantitatively analyze the degradation of the scaffolds themselves was also demonstrated.

A identificação de sistemas industriais tem aplicação industrial principalmente na sintonia de malhas de controle. A sintonia freqüente das malhas de controle possibilita a manutenção das características de desempenho do processo industrial durante o ciclo de vida da produção. O fato de ser remota, neste trabalho realizada via as interfaces OPC e CyberOPC, possibilita inúmeras aplicações práticas como a terceirização do serviço por empresas especializadas ou a centralização da otimização nas empresas constituídas por áreas distribuídas. Este trabalho propõe e testa experimentalmente, em sistemas lineares de primeira ordem com tempo morto, uma ferramenta computacional de identificação e sintonia remota de malhas de controle em malha aberta ou fechada utilizando controladores PID em ambiente industrial, que preenche os requisitos acima citados em uma plataforma única, e desta forma tem aplicação no ambiente industrial para ajustar as malhas de controle e em ambiente acadêmico como ferramenta de estudo de aplicações de controle e de redes industriais.<br>The identification of industrial systems has industrial application mainly in control loop tuning. The frequent tuning of the control loop allows the maintenance of performance characteristics for industrial process during the production life cycle. Remote tuning, using OPC and CyberOPC interfaces, supports several practical applications, such as specialized companies outsourcing services or companies distributed in different areas centralizing optimization. This project proposes and validates experimentally in first order plus dead time systems a software tool for remote identification and tuning of open or close PID control loops in an industrial environment that fulfils the requirements described above, in a single platform. The software tool could be used in control loops tuning in industrial systems, as well as in an academic environment simulating control applications and industrial networks.

This thesis studies the state-of-the-art of phasor measurement units (PMUs) as well as their metrological requirements stated in the IEEE C37.118.1 and C37.118.2 Standards for guaranteeing correct measurement performances. Communication systems among PMUs and their possible applicability in the field of power quality (PQ) assessment are also investigated. This preliminary study is followed by an analysis of the working principle of real-time (RT) simulators and the importance of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) implementation, examining the possible case studies specific for PMUs, including compliance tests which are one of the most important parts. The core of the thesis is focused on the implementation of a PMU model in the IEEE 5-bus network in Simulink and in the validation of the results using OPAL RT-4510 as a real-time simulator. An initial check allows one to get an idea about the goodness of the results in Simulink, comparing the PMU data with respect to the load-flow steady-state information. In this part, accuracy indices are also calculated for both voltage and current synchrophasors. The following part consists in the implementation of the same code in OPAL-RT 4510 simulator, after which an initial analysis is carried out in a qualitative way in order to get a sense of the goodness of the outcomes. Finally, the confirmation of the results is based on an examination of the attained voltage and current synchrophasors and accuracy indices coming from Simulink models and from OPAL system, using a Matlab script. This work also proposes suggestions for an upcoming operation of PMUs in a more complex system as the Digital Twin (DT) in order to improve the performances of the already-existing protection devices of the distribution system operator (DSO) for a future enhancement of power systems reliability.

<p>Denna rapport beskriver vilken kommunikationskvalitet i form av prestanda, tillförlitlighet och tillgänglighet som kan förväntas av datakommunikationsstandarden OPC. För att ta fram information om kommunikationskvalitén har en praktisk utvärdering i form av duglighetstester utförts. Den praktiska utvärderingen har gjorts med Bosch Rexroths OPC-server OPC.IwSCP och mot Bosch Rexroths styrsystem MTX High Performance. Rapporten ger svar på vilken kommunikationskvalitet som kan förväntas med specificerad OPC-server och styrsystem. Rapporten beskriver också hur några av parametrarna i OPC Foundations API:er påverkar kommunikationskvalitén. Även andra faktorer så som brist på CPU-kraft för OPC-server/OPC-klient påverkar kommunikationskvalitén testas och utvärderas. Resultatet ifrån utförda duglighetstester analyseras utifrån hur möjligheten är att använda OPC för ett driftuppföljning/driftövervakningssystem utvecklat av Volvo IT i Skövde.</p>

Opa1 is a mitochondrial dynamics protein responsible for the fusion of the inner mitochondrial membrane, the maintenance of cristae morphology, and involved in mitochondrial DNA stability. In this study we have explored the origin of the effects of Opa1 deficiency in skeletal muscle, as well as the cellular mechanisms that give rise to the primary responses derived from its deficiency in the muscle context. Chronic treatment with an anti-inflammatory compound rescued the growth defects that suffer mice defective of Opa1 in skeletal muscle, observed in previous studies. These results indicate that inflammation is the primary cause of this growth impairment. The analysis of the origin of this inflammation allows us to describe that it is a NF- κB activation-mediated, local, primary and autonomous process of the muscle cell. At the intracellular level, the data show that the deficiency of Opa1 generates mitochondrial network fragmentation and disarrangement, and a reduction in the oxidative capacity of the electron transport chain of the mitochondria. These observations were made both in muscle cells and in skeletal muscle, which correlates with a dysfunctionality of the mitochondrial fusion as well as of the morphogenesis of the cristae of the organelle. Likewise, the loss of Opa1 function in muscle cells results in a 50% reduction in the mitochondrial DNA content, accompanied by a comparable reduction on TFAM protein levels. Confocal microscopy analysis show a reduction in the number of mitochondrial DNA nucleoids per cell, as well as an enhancement of the relative area of each nucleoids, which has been described as mitochondrial DNA stress. Given the features of mitochondrial DNA, owing to the past of mitochondria as free living bacteria, it has a powerful immunogenic capacity as a damage associated molecular pattern. From the two main pathways with potential to detect misplaced mitochondrial DNA and induce NF-κB activation, we discarded cGAS activation due to the fact that mitochondrial DNA is not detected in the cytosol and that cGAS deficiency is unable to normalize the expression of NF-κB target genes. Given the absence of the molecule in the cytosolic fraction, we analyzed the functionality of mitophagy. Although in Opa1 loss-of-function cells mitophagy initiates normally, the completion of the mitophagic process is impaired, probably resulting in an accumulation of undegraded mitochondrial components, which has been reported that can produce an intracellular inflammatory response. Studies of the location of mitochondrial DNA indicate that all nucleoids are found in mitochondria-containing compartments. In addition, more than half are located in late endosomes. Approximately the same portion is localized in compartments also positive for TLR9. We assessed the importance of this two key components, mitochondrial DNA and TLR9, in the development of the inflammatory response by ablating one or the other and assessing the normalization of NF-κB target gene expression. Indeed, reduction of mitochondrial DNA copy number to a residual 5% rescued the expression pro-inflammatory genes. Moreover, treatment with TLR9 antagonist also restored NF-κB target genes expression and extracellular concentration of IL-6. In parallel to these data, TLR9 depletion can as well normalize inflammatory genes expression. The data compiled in this study indicate that Opa1 deficiency results in mitochondrial dysfunction together with mitochondrial DNA stress. The mitophagy machinery of the cell is able to identify this damage and restrain the damaged mitochondria into mito-autophagosome that, by a mechanism that still needs further investigation, is re-routed to the endosomal pathway. In late endosomes mtDNA can interact with TLR9 which in turn results in activation of NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathway resulting, eventually, in the secretion of cytokines that may potentially cause the growth defects observed in the skeletal muscle specific Opa1 deficient mouse model.<br>La proteïna Opa1 és una GTPasa de dinàmica mitocondrial responsable de la fusió de la membrana mitocondrial interna, del manteniment de la morfologia de les crestes mitocondrials, i relacionada amb l’estabilitat de l’ADN mitocondrial. En aquest estudi explorem l’origen dels efectes de la deficiència d’Opa1 en múscul esquelètic, així com els mecanismes cel·lulars que donen lloc a les respostes primàries derivades de la deficiència en el context muscular. Les dades obtingudes durant el transcurs d’aquesta tesi doctoral identifiquen la inflamació com la causa dels defectes de creixements, observats en estudis anteriors, que pateixen els animals deficients d’Opa1 en múscul esquelètic. L’anàlisi de la procedència d’aquesta inflamació permet descriure que es tracta d’un procés local, primari i autònom de la cèl·lula muscular. A nivell intracel·lular, les dades mostres que la deficiència d’Opa1 genera una desestructuració de la xarxa mitocondrial, i una reducció en la capacitat oxidativa de la cadena de transport d’electrons del mitocondri, tant en cèl·lules com en múscul esquelètic, el que es correlaciona amb una disfuncionalitat tant de la fusió mitocondrial com de l’estructuració de les crestes de l’orgànul. Així mateix, la pèrdua de funció d’Opa1 en cèl·lules musculars comporta una reducció del 50% en el contingut d’ADN mitocondrial, com també presència d’estrès de l’ADN mitocondrial. L’anàlisi de la funcionalitat de la mitofàgia en aquestes condicions indica una correcta iniciació però una manca de finalització, resultant en una acumulació de material mitocondrial no degradat, el que ha estat reportat que pot produir una resposta inflamatòria intracel·lular. Estudis de la localització del ADN mitocondrial indiquen la seva absència en el citosol, contràriament la totalitat de nucleoides es troben en compartiments mitocondrials. A més, més de la meitat es localitzen en endosomes tardans on també colocalitzen amb el receptor TLR9. L’absència de ADN mitocondrial o de TLR9 són suficients per cancel·lar la resposta inflamatòria, pel que podem afirmar que és el TLR9 el que detecta l’ADN mitocondrial i engega la resposta inflamatòria que donarà lloc a la producció de citocines i potencialment als defectes observats en el model animal.

This diploma thesis describes design of interconnections and program modules for robotic cell control for parts creation. Research of this work is focused on industrial comunication protocols. The next part analyzes separate parts of the cell and their ways of connection. Futhermore, control structures of the cell are proposed and after comparison of them SCADA system structure was chosen. Project of connecting separate devices is done in Wonderware Systém Platform. The next step describes procedure of interconection of parts of the cell with each other. Then was designed visualization to operate robotic cell and to illustrate its state. Whole visualization was created using Wonderware InTouch program. In conclusion thesis is reviewed.

The purpose of this bachelor's degree project is to address the problem of automation of a storing system complex enough to be able to understand and manage the most important and critical aspects of the storage plant. The plant has been designed and built in a simulation program called Simumatik due to its obvious simplicity in comparison to what it would take to assemble it in the real plant.Therefore, some technical aspects have been integrated in connection with OPC-UA and with programming of CODESYS. Thus, a system with a variety of components has been proposed in aim to get as close as possible to a storing plant and a real distribution. The system includes ten conveyors. The bags are moved from the filling station to a door where the next operator take each bag.In turn, the resolution of the problem has been tackled from a realistic and general point of view so that all the final objectives of automation systems are achieved, such as the design and organization of a plant, control, and supervision.In general terms, the outcome of the final degree project is a deep analysis of current production, and a new storing processes with an automation solution and leveled production line as well. This automation would increase the flexibility of the operator as well as decrease the number of tasks of the operator and therefore it would be more efficient. The project begins by facing a problem in which the limitations are defined beforehand, which meets a complex and new requirement according to the development of a final degree project. This is equivalent to designing a storing plant with all the transport and distribution equipment in combination with sensors that provide information on the system.

Durante muito tempo a manutenÃÃo do sistema de distribuiÃÃo do campus do Pici da Universidade Federal do Cearà - UFC foi de responsabilidade da Companhia EnergÃtica do Cearà â Coelce, pela parceria entre os governos federal e estadual. No entanto, com a privatizaÃÃo da Coelce no ano de 1998, a UFC assumiu essa demanda e por muitos anos, por falta de recursos e planejamento, fez-se apenas intervenÃÃes corretivas emergenciais na infraestrutura existente, resultando em vÃrios problemas na continuidade de suprimento. Felizmente, os Ãltimos gestores atentaram para o problema e muitos investimentos na rede de distribuiÃÃo em mÃdia tensÃo estÃo sendo realizados, visando à modernizaÃÃo e melhoria da seguranÃa, disponibilidade e continuidade do suprimento de energia elÃtrica do campus do Pici. Estas aÃÃes tÃm embasamento tÃcnico nos estudos realizados pelo Departamento de Engenharia ElÃtrica em parceria com o setor de engenharia da UFC (UFC-Infra). Nesse contexto, foi idealizada e està em fase de implantaÃÃo uma subestaÃÃo de 69-13,8 kV, composta de dois transformadores de 5/6,25 MVA, sendo um de reserva, trÃs saÃdas de alimentadores e nove religadores distribuÃdos ao longo da rede de mÃdia tensÃo em 13,8 kV do campus. Este sistema serà operado, supervisionado e controlado por um sistema SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Aquisition), desenvolvido na plataforma comercial Elipse Power, utilizando o banco de dados Microsoft SQL Server 2012 â versÃo Express. No Ãmbito da automaÃÃo, foi desenvolvida e integrada ao SCADA, via comunicaÃÃo OPC (Open Platform Communications), uma funÃÃo avanÃada denominada, Sistema de RecomposiÃÃo AutomÃtica (SRA-PICI). O SRA-PICI foi desenvolvido em linguagem C#, utilizando o programa Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, modelado em Redes de Petri Coloridas, e testado usando a ferramenta de anÃlise CPN Tools. Para integraÃÃo dos aplicativos SCADA e SRA foi utilizado o protocolo aberto OPC que especifica a comunicaÃÃo de dados em tempo real entre um elemento fonte e um elemento receptor de diferentes fabricantes. Testes de validaÃÃo do SRA e da comunicaÃÃo entre os aplicativos foram realizados em laboratÃrio, que atestam o sucesso da implementaÃÃo e abrem perspectivas importantes para avanÃar na direÃÃo de uma rede elÃtrica inteligente para o campus do Pici.<br>For a long time the maintenance of the power distribution system of the Pici Campus of the Federal University of Cearà - UFC was the responsibility of the Energy Company of Cearà - Coelce, by the partnership between the federal and state governments. However, with the privatization of Coelce in 1998, the UFC assumed that demand and for many years, due to lack of resources and planning, only the emergency and corrective interventions have taken place, thereby have emerged several problems in continuous supply. Fortunately, the last managers have paid attention to the problem and many investments in the medium voltage distribution network are being carried out, aimed at modernizing and improving security, availability and continuity of energy supply of Pici campus. These actions were based on technical studies conducted by the Department of Electrical Engineering in partnership with the engineering sector of the UFC (UFC-Infra). In this context, was designed and is being implemented a power substation of 69 to 13.8 kV, with two transformers of 5 / 6.25 MVA, , three outputs feeders and nine reclosers distributed throughout the medium voltage distribution network of the campus. This system will be operated, supervised and controlled by a SCADA system (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), developed in the commercial platform Elipse Power using the Microsoft SQL Server 2012 database - Express version. In the field of automation, it was developed and integrated into the SCADA via OPC (Open Communications Platform), an advanced function called Automatic Restoration System (ARS-PICI). The ARS-PICI was developed in C # using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 program, modelled on Colored Petri Nets, and tested using the CPN Tools analysis program. For integration of the SCADA and the ARS application software was used the OPC open protocol that specifies the real time data communication between a source element and a receiving element from different manufacturers. Validation tests of the ARS and communication between the software SCADA-ARS were performed in the laboratory, attesting to the successful implementation and opening important perspectives to advance toward a smart grid to the campus of the Pici.

本論文は，知的照明システムの改良に関わるものであり，従来の課題であった色温度の実現精度の向上と高価な色温度センシング機材を無くす方法ならびにそれらの最適制御法，これまで不明であったシステムがもたらす省エネルギー性に関する詳細な解析方法を提案し，これらの提案手法の有効性を検証するため新たに改良した知的照明システムを用いて実験を行い，それらの手法の有効性を確認した．<br>An advanced intelligent lighting system has been proposed and introduced to provide a comfortable personal lighting environment for the workplace using the evaluation and biological information of workers. The research studies the appropriate perspectives of using the intelligent lighting system as a solution of the smart design in the office workspace. In the first part, the research paper has utilized the computerized system and the optimization method to generate the lighting automatically instead of using the sensing devices. The second part is related to energy consumption. The illuminance has been distributed based on the individual preference available of each user inside the office.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

De nos jours, l’énergie renouvelable est une solution durable pour remplacer les sources conventionnelles d’énergie. L’utilisation de réseaux photovoltaïques (PV) et d’éoliennes est devenue très populaire. Cependant, de cette énergie gratuite découlent de nouveaux défis. Certains des grands inconvénients de ces alternatives sont représentés par un faible taux de conversion de l'énergie et par la nécessité d'utiliser un système de stockage d'énergie Un autre bémol est aussi celui de l’efficacité réduite du transfert entre les réseaux PV et/ou les éoliennes, et les consommateurs. L’objectif de cette thèse est de présenter et de comparer différentes stratégies de commandes pour les systèmes alimentés par les sources d’énergies renouvelables. Un prototype destiné à des fins d’essais a été conçu. Cette thèse traite de différents aspects tels que la modélisation de panneaux PV, l’observateur non linéaire, un algorithme de contrôle basé sur une recherche du point de puissance maximum (Maximum modélisation d’un convertisseur abaisseur DC/DC,construire un Point Power Point Tracking), un algorithme de contrôle polynôme, la stabilité du système. Le chapitre 2 présente différents modèles de cellule photovoltaïque qui peuvent, en outre, être utilisés dans une boucle de contrôle. Une interface utilisateur graphique est créée pour faciliter le calcul de certains paramètres et de la courbe caractéristique de la tension voltage du panneau PV. De plus, un modèle à espace d’états et un modèle de fonction de transfert de certains convertisseurs DC/DC sont présentés. Le chapitre 3 se concentre sur l’élaboration d’un observateur Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) qui fournit la tension estimée du panneau PV. Ce dernier sera, plus tard, utilisé dans le bloc de commande ou pourra servir pour les diagnostics. Le chapitre 4 compare différents algorithmes MPPT classique, ainsi qu’un algorithme de contrôle avancé qui pourra être utilisé plus tard pour améliorer les performances des boucles de contrôles. Une étude de cas sur une commande de supervision utilisant une cellule à combustion est proposée. Le chapitre 5 est orienté vers une approche plus pratique. Il présente un système de contrôle distribué qui est géré via un serveur OPC. Un algorithme de control polynomial robuste R-S-Test élaboré, validé en simulation et testé sur une plateforme expérimentale. Un système d’acquisition de données enregistre les informations envoyées par chacune des boucles de contrôle et est capable de tracer les données en temps réel. Le chapitre 6 est dédié aux conclusions. Le chapitre 7 présente les codes des logiciels développés et certains schémas qui ont été utilisés durant les simulations. Le chapitre 8 liste la bibliographie<br>Nowadays renewable energy is a long term solution for replacing the conventional sources of energy. The use of photovoltaic (PV) arrays and wind turbines has become very popular. Nevertheless, this “free energy” arises new challenges. Some of the big inconveniences of these alternatives are represented by a low conversion rate of the energy and the necessity of using an energy storing system. Another drawback is the reduced transfer efficiency between the PV arrays or/and wind turbines and the consumers. The goal of this thesis is to present and compare different control strategies for systems that are powered by renewable sources of energy. A prototype for testing purposes was designed. This thesis treats different aspects such as PV panel modelling, buck converter modelling, building a non-linear observer, a control algorithm based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT), a polynomial control algorithm, the stability of the system. Chapter 2 presents different photovoltaic cell models that can be further used in control loops. A graphic user interface is created for facilitating the computation of certain parameters and of the power-voltage / current-voltage characteristics of a PV panel. Furthermore, a state space model and a transfer function model of some DC/DC converters are presented. Chapter 3 focuses on elaborating a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) observer which will provide the estimated voltage of the PV panel. The latter will later be used in the control block or it can serve for diagnosis purposes. Chapter 4 compares different classical MPPT algorithms, as well as advanced control algorithms which may be later used to improve the performances of the control loops. A case study on a supervisory control that uses fuel cells is proposed. Chapter 5 is oriented on a rather practical approach. It presents a distributed control system that is managed via an OPC server. A robust R-S-T polynomial controller is designed, validated in simulation and tested on a prototype. A data acquisition system stores the data sent by each of the control loops and is able to plot data in real time. Chapter 6 is dedicated to the conclusions. Chapter 7 presents the code of the developed software and some schematics that were used during simulations. Chapter 8 lists the bibliography

Mining operations rely on effective extraction policies, which base on concerted management and technical arrangements. In addition to commodities, mining of data is the increasingly matter of subject in mining engineering. The Horizon 2020 project – Real-Time-Mining supports the ongoing paradigm shift of pushing mining activities from discontinuous to continuous operation. In this respect, the partners TU Bergakademie Freiberg (TU BAF) and IBeWa Consulting tackle the issue of physical and logical data acquisition in underground mining. The first aspect of the project addresses the ‘logical’ provision of data. Mining technology is increasingly interacting among each other and integrated into globally distributed systems. At the same time, the integration of current mining devices and machineries into superordinated systems is still complex and costly. This means only a few number of mining operators is capable to integrate their operation technology into a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. TU BAF presents the middleware OPC Unified Architecture, which is a platform independent middleware for data exchange and technology interconnection among distributed systems. By installing a SCADA demonstrator at the research and education mine Reiche Zeche, TU BAF intends to present the technical feasibility of a SCADA system basing on OPC UA even for SME mining operations. The second aspect of the project addresses the ‘physical’ provision of data via wireless transmission. The targeted use cases are mobile machineries and the surveillance of remote mine sites. Mobile machineries in underground mining are increasingly equipped with data management and autonomous operation systems. Correspondent data exchange to superordinated systems is mostly realized via Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). A comprehensive WLAN signal coverage, however, is generally not maintained in under-ground mines due to lacking technical and economic feasibility. With the intention to in-crease the coverage/expense ratio at underground WLAN installations, TU BAF and IBe-Wa Consulting installed a WLAN test loop at Reiche Zeche mine basing on leaky feeder cables. Simultaneously, IBeWa Consulting pushes forward the surveilability of remote and/or hardly accessible mining sites by Through The Earth (TTE) data transmission. Current test performances present an enhanced stability for data transmission at ore / gneiss formations beyond 200m, primarily basing on a better alignment of the system to the isotropic characteristics of the bedrock.

Mining operations rely on effective extraction policies, which base on concerted management and technical arrangements. In addition to commodities, mining of data is the increasingly matter of subject in mining engineering. The Horizon 2020 project – Real-Time-Mining supports the ongoing paradigm shift of pushing mining activities from discontinuous to continuous operation. In this respect, the partners TU Bergakademie Freiberg (TU BAF) and IBeWa Consulting tackle the issue of physical and logical data acquisition in underground mining. The first aspect of the project addresses the ‘logical’ provision of data. Mining technology is increasingly interacting among each other and integrated into globally distributed systems. At the same time, the integration of current mining devices and machineries into superordinated systems is still complex and costly. This means only a few number of mining operators is capable to integrate their operation technology into a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. TU BAF presents the middleware OPC Unified Architecture, which is a platform independent middleware for data exchange and technology interconnection among distributed systems. By installing a SCADA demonstrator at the research and education mine Reiche Zeche, TU BAF intends to present the technical feasibility of a SCADA system basing on OPC UA even for SME mining operations. The second aspect of the project addresses the ‘physical’ provision of data via wireless transmission. The targeted use cases are mobile machineries and the surveillance of remote mine sites. Mobile machineries in underground mining are increasingly equipped with data management and autonomous operation systems. Correspondent data exchange to superordinated systems is mostly realized via Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). A comprehensive WLAN signal coverage, however, is generally not maintained in under-ground mines due to lacking technical and economic feasibility. With the intention to in-crease the coverage/expense ratio at underground WLAN installations, TU BAF and IBe-Wa Consulting installed a WLAN test loop at Reiche Zeche mine basing on leaky feeder cables. Simultaneously, IBeWa Consulting pushes forward the surveilability of remote and/or hardly accessible mining sites by Through The Earth (TTE) data transmission. Current test performances present an enhanced stability for data transmission at ore / gneiss formations beyond 200m, primarily basing on a better alignment of the system to the isotropic characteristics of the bedrock.

This thesis has proposed a simplified model of corona discharge from an overhead wire struck by lightning for surge computations using the FDTD method. In the corona model, the progression of corona streamers from the wire is represented as the radial expansion of cylindrical conducting region around the wire. The validity of this corona model has been tested against experimental data. Then, its applications to lightning electromagnetic pulse computations have been reviewed.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

Open Platform Communication Unified Architecture, or OPC UA, is a world-leading communication protocol specializing in unifying and automating production systems communication. In 2018 the OPC Foundation, an industrial consortium, started the OPC UA Field eXchange initiative to develop the current protocol to extend the reach of the communication down to field level devices like sensors and actuators. This paper explores whether OPC UA FX software can be implemented and integrated with HMS Networks’ product AnyBus CompactCom M40.  The problem formulation stems from the future need for factory communication. For factories to compete, they need to adapt and keep up with the technological progression. OPC UA FX is based on decentralized communication where devices transmit data to each other by distributing the load over the entire system.   The purpose of this report is to, based on the Open62541 implementation, develop software that extends OPC UA with PubSub functionality and methods that enable two or more instances to run as an FX application, meaning that the program publishes and subscribes data simultaneously. Once the software is developed, we integrate it on an AnyBus CompactCom 40 module. This will work as a communication prototype that proves that it is possible to extend OPC UA with FX into HMS Networks’ products.  Open62541 is used to gather libraries and methods needed for OPC UA development. The software is developed using C in Visual Studios and integrated into the hardware using Eclipse.  The result in the form of software was a connection-oriented data exchange, based on the OPC UA information model, where two or more instances can publish and subscribe to information simultaneously. HMS Networks can use the result on their way to implementing OPC UA FX in their products.  In conclusion, the Open62541 implementation is beneficial when developing the OPC UA protocol. The software is complete, but it could not be fully integrated into the CompactCom module. The achieved application is still useful for the development of HMS Network’s products that might use the protocol.<br>Open Platform Communication Unified Architechure, eller OPC UA, är ett av de världsledande kommunikationsprotokoll som är specialiserat i att förena kommunikation i produktionssystem. 2018 startade OPC Foundation, ett industriellt konsortium, ett initiativ vid namn OPC UA Field eXchange med målet att utvekcla det nuvarande protokollet så att det kan användas till kommunikation på låg nivå, exempelvis mellan sensorer och ställdon. Denna rapport utforskar ifall det är möjligt att utveckla protokollet och integrera det i HMS Networks modul AnyBus CompactCom 40.  Problemformluleringen baseras på framtida behov hos fabriker relaterat till automatisering. För att konkurrera framöver behöver fabriker anpassa sig till utvecklingen inom automatisering. OPC UA FX fokuserar på decentralierad kommunikation mellan enheter som fältanordning, maskin och moln samtidigt för att belastningen ska delas upp över hela systemet. Samtidigt som enheter i industiella nätverket fritt ska kunna överföra data mellan varandra oberoende vilken tillverkare som skapat enheten.   Syftet med arbetet är att, baserat på Open62541, utveckla PubSub teknologi med metoder som möjlighetsgör att två eller fler instanser av en FX applikation ska kunna transportera data genom att prenumerera på och publicera data samtidigt. När mjukvaran fungerar är tanken att integrera mjukvaran på en AnyBus CompactCom 40 modul för att bevisa att implementationen är möjlig i ett praktiskt sammanhang.  Open62541 används för att inkludera nödvändiga OPC UA bibliotek, funktionalitet och datatyper. Protokollet utvecklas i C i en VisualStudio miljö och integreras med hjälp av Eclipse. Resultatet i form av mjukvara var en kopplings intriktat data utbyte, baserad på OPC UA information modell, där en eller två instanser av ett program kan publicera och prenumerera på data samtidigt. HMS Networks kan använda resultatet i arbetet att implementera OPC UA FX i deras produkter. ​Sammanfattningsvis är Open62541 ett mycket användbart verktyg för utvekcling av OPC UA protokol. Dessvärre lyckades inte integrationen av mjukvaran i CompactCom modulen helt och hållet, men det som åstadkommits i arbetet kan i hög grad användas för fortsatt utveckling av OPC UA FX i HMS Networks produkter.

蓄電池は携帯機器，電気自動車をはじめ，自然エネルギー有効利用に至るまで広範囲に利用され，その重要性はますます高まっている。これら機器の使用時間や特性は蓄電池の特性に大きく依存することから，電池自体の特性改善に加え，劣化を診断してより効率的に電池を運用することが求められている。本論文は，非線形情報処理を得意とする人工知能を用いた2次電池の劣化診断法を開発し，エネルギーの有効利用に資する技術を確立した。機器動作時の電池電圧・電流波形と電池劣化特性との関連性を，人工知能を用い学習することにより，機器稼働時に電池の劣化を診断することができる。なお，この関連性は非線形で複雑であるが，非線形分析を得意とする人工知能は劣化診断に適している。学習には時間を要するものの，診断は短時間になし得ることから，提案法は稼働時劣化診断に適している。本論文では，この特徴を生かし，電池の等価回路（ECM）を導出し，充電率（SOC），容量維持率（SOH）を推定している。また，本論文では現在産業応用分野で用いられている，リチウムイオン電池，ニッケル水素電池，鉛蓄電池を対象とし，提案法はあらゆる電池使用機器に応用可能である。また，提案法を電池状態監視装置（BMU）や，マイコンなどを用いた組み込みシステムに応用可能とし，実証している。以上のことから，本論文は，新たな蓄電池の劣化診断法の確立し，その有効性を確認している。<br>The importance of rechargeable batteries nowadays is increasing from the portable electronic devices and solar energy industry up to the development of new EV models. The rechargeable batteries have a crucial role in the storage system, mostly in mobile applications and transportation, because the period of its usage and the flexibility of the function are determined by the battery. Due to the black box approach of the ANN it is possible to connect the complex physical phenomenon with a specific physical meaning expressed with a nonlinear logic between inputs and output. Using specific input data to relate with the desired output, makes possible to create a pattern connection with input and output. This ability helps to estimate in real time the desired outputs, behaviors, phenomes and at the same time it can be used as a real time diagnosis method.<br>博士(工学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

Técnicas experimentais de identificação de sistemas de controle têm despertado interesse na indústria, devido a sua facilidade em se ajustar modelos matemáticos, facilitando a formulação e a resolução de problemas de controle de processos. É proposto o uso de uma técnica experimental de identificação de sistemas, utilizando a estrutura matemática linear ARX. Os parâmetros da estrutura matemática ARX são estimados por meio do algoritmo dos mínimos quadrados recursivo (RLS). A comunicação e a aquisição de dados de redes Fieldbus é feita através do padrão de comunicação OPC.<br>Experimental system identification techniques are considered interesting by industrial sector due to the simple approach to adjust mathematical models, making it easy the formulation and the solution of process control problems. In this work a computational tool is proposed, the Sintonizador, based on the experimental technic of System Identification, using the linear mathematical structure ARX (Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs). The ARX structure parameters are estimated by RLS (Recursive Least Square) algorithm. The data comunication and data aquisition of the fieldbus network has been done through of the OPC comunication standard.

This thesis details the design of a protocol translator between the industrial-automation protocol OPC UA, and HTTP. The design is based on the architecture of the protocol translator of the Arrowhead framework, and is interoperable with all of its associated protocols. The design requirements are defined to comply with a service-oriented architecture (SOA) and RESTful interaction through HTTP, with minimal requirement of the consuming client to be familiar with OPC UA semantics. Effort is put into making translation as transparent as possible, but limits the scope of this work to exclude a complete semantic translation. The solution presented in this thesis satisfies structural- and foundational interoperability, and bridges interaction to be independent of OPC UA services. The resulting translator is capable of accessing the content of any OPC UA server with simple HTTP-requests, where addressing is oriented around OPC UA nodes.

エリートラグビー選手が試合中に装着しているGPSユニットのデータを分析し，ポジション毎の1試合あたりのパフォーマンスや試合時間の経過あるいは試合展開によるパフォーマンスへの影響を明らかにした．試合中に要求される各ポジションの特性を基にパフォーマンスの最適化や傷害発生予防にむけたスポーツ実践現場のコンディショニングに応用する際の方法を提示した．<br>Data from GPS units worn by elite rugby players during matches was analyzed to determine player performance in each match and the impact of match time and match results on performance for each position. Furthermore, a method for applying conditioning to optimize performance and prevent injury based on the characteristics required of each position was presented.<br>博士(スポーツ健康科学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Health and Sports Science<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

Published Article<br>This paper will discuss the final implementation of an Improved OPC data logging system and its improvements over the original. The improved solution focused on the hardware, software and administrative components of the system; taking the reliability and performance of each component into consideration. The software components include the database, the data acquisition and logging client application (DALC) and the various OPC servers; the hardware component includes the servers that will run the software components, power management and Redundant Array of Independents Disks (RAID) technologies; and the administrative component includes implementing automated routines to backup the important data and archive old logs.

本論文では、これまでの社会、生態的レジリエンス理論についての検討を行った。これまで個別に扱われてきた社会と生態系システムを統一的な構造を持つシステムとしてとらえ、持続可能なシステムの変化を生み出すメカニズムについての理論的な構築を提案した。これまで個別に扱われてきた社会と生態系システムを統一的な構造を持つシステムとしてとらえ、持続可能なシステムの変化を生み出すメカニズムについての理論的な構築を提案した。<br>The objective of my dissertation is to build and develop a theoretical framework about understanding what social-ecological transformative change is and how social-ecological transformative change happens.<br>博士(理学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Science<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University

Mitochondria are very dynamic organelles with a crucial role in life and death of eukaryotic cells. These organelles regulate cellular energy generation, calcium and redox homeostasis, and apoptosis. To perform the cellular functions effectively, mitochondria continuously change their structure and morphology through protein machineries controlling fission and fusion process (mitochondrial dynamics). Strong evidence has emerged to implicate disturbed mitochondrial fusion and fission as central pathological components underpinning a number of childhood and adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Several proteins that regulate the morphology of the mitochondrial network have been identified, the most widely studied of which are Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), Mitofusin1 and 2 (Mfn1 and 2) and Dynamin Related Protein 1 (DRP1). OPA1 is a ubiquitously expressed dynamin-like GTPase in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It plays important roles in mitochondrial fusion, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP production. Mutations of OPA1 result in autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy (DOA), a common hereditary optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell degeneration leading to optic neuropathy, symmetrical central visual loss and dyschromatopsia. The majority of OPA1 mutations result in premature termination codons, and the resultant truncated mRNA species are highly unstable, being rapidly degraded by protective surveillance mechanisms operating via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Haploinsufficiency, therefore, is a major disease mechanism in DOA, and the pathological consequences of a dramatic reduction in OPA1 protein levels is highlighted by those rare families who are heterozygous for microdeletions spanning the entire OPA1 coding region. Progressive visual failure remains the defining feature of DOA but, with greater availability of genetic testing, a specific OPA1 mutation in exon 14 (c.1334G>A, p.Arg445His) has been found to cause sensorineural deafness, ataxia, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and classical chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. This syndrome is called DOA plus. The molecular mechanisms linking OPA1 mutations and DOA are not fully understood. In this work a new model of OPA1-linked Dominant Optic Atrophy was generated in Drosophila melanogaster, in order to use it for studying DOA pathogenesis. The Drosophila OPA1 gene (dOPA1) shares 51.2% similarity with its human orthologue and the alignment of protein sequence of hOPA1 with dOPA1 shows that the domains most subjected to pathogenic mutations are well conserved. To address the pathophysiological mechanism of OPA1-linked DOA, we generated two dOPA1 mutants: OPA1 R417H, a mutant that carries in endogenous dOPA1 the mutation corresponding to R445H in humans; OPA1null carrying a microdeletion leading to production of a inactive truncated protein of 482 amino acids. To model these mutations we have used in vivo CRISPR/Cas9, a genome engineering system that has revolutionized genetic analysis in many organisms. For use in genome engineering the system requires two essential components: gRNA and Cas9-endonuclease. The gRNA recognizes a 20-nt target sequence next to a trinucleotide NGG protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) to direct Cas9-dependent cleavage of both DNA strands within the target sequence. Several groups have used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce targeted mutations in Drosophila, but differ in their approach to supply the Cas9 protein and gRNA components of the system. It has been demonstrated that two targeting gRNAs can be used to generated a large defined deletions and the Cas9 catalyzed gene replacement by homologous recombination. The experimental design of my work requires the following steps: generation of the gRNAs responsible for precisely targeting the genomic region where recombination should take place; generation of the dsDNA templates containing the desired genomic modifications to be introduced and homology arms for accurate recombination; choice of a screening method. The gRNAs guide the cut of the Cas9 on the genomic region of the dOPA1 gene through the target sequences and the PAM sites; the cut of genomic DNA favors homologous recombination with the dOPA1 mutated fragment cloned into dsDNA plasmid donor. The exogenous dOPA1 mutated gene in addition to the pathological mutations carries a silent mutation that introduces a novel BamHI restriction site necessary for screening the occurrence of homologous recombination events by restriction digest. The gRNAs and the dsDNA plasmids donors were microinjected in the embryo of the Drosophila line expressing Cas9 protein in the ovary under control of vasa regulatory sequences. The mutants were screened for the presence of the mutation through PCR on genomic DNA, restriction digest and sequencing of the OPA1 mutated fragment. After having verified that the mutants had mutations of interest without any other alterations, we described the phenotypic effects observed in these mutants. We also analyzed the mitochondria in the nervous and muscular systems using confocal microscopy and the mitochondrial functions through biochemical assays. Observations of the adults within the lines shows that both mutations in heterozygosity do not cause any evident morphological alterations. However, both mutations in homozygosity turned out to be lethal but differently R417H homozygous mutants develop until the second instar larva stage whereas the OPA1null homozygotes die earlier at the first instar larva stage. We were more interested in studying the heterozygote dOPA1 mutants because DOA is a dominant disease. The lifespan reduction of both dOPA1 mutants indicate that the heterozygous mutations of OPA1 is likely to cause systemic consequences probably affecting multiple processes. Since OPA1 is involved in mitochondrial dynamics we performed a series of experiments to analyze mitochondrial morphology in the neuronal and muscular systems of both dOPA1 mutants. Heterozygous dOPA1 mutants display defects of mitochondria morphology in nerves and muscles in Drosophila third instar larvae, mitochondria network shape is characterized by mild fragmentation and clusterization. Mitochondria function was analyzed on homozygous and heterozygous dOPA1 mutants. Mitochondrial respiration and the redox activity of respiratory complexes was decreased in both mutants. Furthermore heterozygous OPA1 R417H displayed more severe effects in some assays than OPA1null heterozygotes. This suggested that R417H mutation could interfere with the activity of the wild type copy of dOPA1 resulting in more severe phenotypes than those caused by the presence of a single loss of function allele. In conclusion, we have produced a model to study the Dominant Optic Atrophy which can be helpful to understand the pathogenesis of this disease caused by different classes of mutations within the OPA1 gene.<br>I mitocondri sono organelli dinamici fondamentali per la vita e la morte delle cellule eucariotiche, svolgono diverse funzioni tra cui: produzione di ATP, regolazione dell’omeostasi del Ca2+, produzione di ROS e regolazione dell’apoptosi. I processi di fusione e fissione mitocondriale (dinamiche mitocondriali) sono alla base del corretto funzionamento di questi organelli e sono controllati da una serie di proteine che, di conseguenza, regolano forma e struttura dei mitocondri. Disturbi delle dinamiche mitocondriali sono alla base di diverse patologie neurodegenerative che colpiscono bambini e giovani adulti. Le diverse proteine che regolano la morfologia della network mitocondriale sono state individuate in vari studi, le principali sono: Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), Mitofusin1 and 2 (Mfn1 and 2) and Dynamin Related Protein 1 (DRP1). OPA1 è una proteina ubiquitaria della famiglia delle dianamine, con attività GTPasica, situata sulla membrana interna dei mitocondri. Presenta un ruolo fondamentale nel processo di fusione mitocondriale, apoptosi, produzione di ROS e produzione di ATP. Mutazioni di OPA1 sono alla base dell’ Atrofia Ottica Dominante (DOA), una comune neuropatia ottica ereditaria caratterizzata da degenerazione delle cellule ganglionari della retina con conseguente neuropatia, perdita della capacità visiva simmetrica centrale e discromatopsia. La maggior parte delle mutazioni patologiche di OPA1 determinano la formazione di codoni di stop, con conseguente produzione di forme troncate di mRNA altamente instabili che vengono rapidamente degradate dai vari meccanismi di controllo. L’aploinsufficienza è il principale meccanismo patogenetico della DOA, le conseguenze di una drastica riduzione dei livelli di OPA1 sono ben visibili in famiglie in cui sono state identificate microdelezioni in eterozigosi, localizzate nella regione codificante del gene di OPA1. La perdita progressiva della vista rimane la caratteristica principale della DOA ma, la maggior disponibilità di test genetici, ha permesso di identificare una mutazione specifica del gene OPA1 localizzata sull’esone 14 (c.1334G>A, p.Arg445His) che causa DOA, associa a sordità neurosensoriale, atassia, miopatia, neuropatia periferica e oftalmoplegia esterna progressiva cronica. Questa sindrome è chiamata DOA plus. I meccanismi molecolari alla base di DOA causata da mutazioni di OPA1 non sono del tutto chiari. In questo lavoro abbiamo generato un nuovo modello di Atrofia Ottica Dominante usando Drosophila melanogaster, al fine di utilizzarlo per studiare e comprendere al meglio la patogenesi di questa malattia. Il gene OPA1 di Drosophila (dOPA1) mostra il 51.2% di similarità con il gene ortologo umano, l’allineamento della proteina umana con quella di Drosophila mostra che i domini, su cui si localizzano la maggior parte delle mutazioni patologiche, sono altamente conservati. Per studiare il meccanismo patofisiologico della DOA dovuta a mutazioni di OPA1, abbiamo generato due mutanti dOPA1: OPA1 R417H, un mutante che porta la mutazione corrispondente alla mutazione umana OPA1 R445H; e il mutante OPA1null in cui è stata inserita una microdelezione che determina la produzione di una forma tronca inattiva di 482 aminoacidi. Per inserire queste mutazione nel genoma di Drosophila abbiamo utilizzato il sistema CRISPR/Cas9, un sistema che permette la modifica del DNA genomico e che ha rivoluzionato le analisi genetiche in diversi organismi. Le componenti fondamentali di questo sistema sono gRNA e endonucleasi Cas9. Il gRNA riconosce una sequenza target di 20nt seguita da un sito PAM (protospacer adjacent motif), costituito da tre nucleotidi NGG, e necessario per indirizzare il taglio dei due filamenti del DNA genomico ad opera dell’endonucleasi Cas9. Diversi gruppi di ricercatori hanno utilizzato il sistema CRISPR/Cas9 per introdurre specifiche mutazioni nel genoma di Drosophila, mettendo a punto vari metodi di somministrazione delle diverse componenti. È stato dimostrato che un approccio metodologico efficace, è l’utilizzo di una coppia di gRNA che, mediante il taglio del Ca9, determinano una larga delezione in una porzione genomica ben definita e questo, in presenza di una dsDNA donatore, favorisce la sostituzione genica mediante ricombinazione omologa. Il disegno sperimentale del mio lavoro richiede i seguenti steps: generazione dei gRNA in grado di indirizzare il taglio dell’endonucleasi sulla regione genomica di interesse; generazione del dsDNA donatore contenete la porzione genica con le mutazioni desiderate e due regioni di omologia limitrofe ad essa e necessarie per la corretta ricombinazione e infine la scelta di un metodo di screening. I gRNA guidano il taglio del Cas9 sulla porzione genomica del gene dOPA1 grazie alla sequenza target di 20nt e ai siti PAM; il taglio del DNA genomico favorisce la ricombinazione omologa con il frammento mutato di dOPA1 clonato nel plasmide dsDNA donatore. Sul frammento genico esogeno, oltre alla mutazione patologica di OPA1, è stata inserita una mutazione silente per introdurre un sito di restrizione dell’enzima BamHI, necessario per lo screening dei mutanti in cui è avvenuta la corretta ricombinazione. I gRNAs e i plasmidi dsDNA donatori sono stati microiniettati in embrioni di una linea di Drosophila in cui la proteina Cas9 è espressa nelle cellule germinali, sotto il controllo del fattore di regolazione della trascrizione genica, vasa. Lo screening per individuare i mutanti corretti è stato fatto mediante PCR sul DNA genomico, taglio di restrizione e sequenziamento. Dopo aver verificato la corretta ricombinazione omologa del frammento esogeno abbiamo eseguito una caratterizzazione fenotipica dei mutanti. Mediante microscopia confocale, abbiamo analizzato la morfologia dei mitocondri nel sistema nervoso e muscolare; con dei saggi biochimici abbiamo poi testato la funzionalità mitocondriale in larve mutanti. Gli adulti eterozigoti per le mutazioni di dOPA1 non presentano evidenti alterazioni morfologiche. Entrambe le mutazioni però, risultano letali in omozigosi ma con delle differenze: la mutazione R417H risulta essere letale al secondo stadio larvale mentre la completa assenza di OPA1, che si determina nel mutante omozigote OPA1null, è letale al primo stadio larvale. Essendo DOA una malattia genetica dominante, è importante studiare gli effetti di queste mutazioni sui mutanti eterozigoti. Analizzando la durata media della vita dei mutanti adulti eterozigoti, abbiamo osservato un importante riduzione di questo parametro, simile per entrambe le mutazioni e collegato probabilmente agli effetti sistemici che si hanno in seguito all’alterazione di vari processi cellulari che coinvolgono OPA1 e i mitocondri. Dato che OPA1 è una proteina coinvolta nella regolazione delle dinamiche mitocondriali, abbiamo messo a punto una serie di esperimenti per analizzare la morfologia mitocondriale nel sistema nervoso e muscolare dei mutanti dOPA1. In larve terzo stadio eterozigoti per entrambe le mutazioni abbiamo osservato alterazioni della morfologia mitocondriale in nervi e muscoli, il network mitocondriale è caratterizzato da lieve frammentazione e presenza di cluster. La funzionalità mitocondriale è stata analizzata nei mutanti dOPA1 eterozigoti ed omozigoti. Respirazione mitocondriale e attività redox dei complessi della catena respiratoria risultano ridotte in entrambi i mutanti. Inoltre, il mutante OPA1 R417H eterozigote risulta avere deficit di funzionalità mitocondriale maggiore rispetto al mutante OPA1null eterozigote. Questo suggerisce che la mutazione R417H possa interferire con l’attività della copia wild type di dOPA1, determinando un fenotipo più grave della perdita di un solo allele funzionante. Per concludere, possiamo affermare di aver prodotto un modello di Atrofia Ottica Dominate che potrebbe essere d’aiuto per lo studio della patogenesi di questa malattia e per comprendere meglio come agiscono le diverse classi di mutazioni sul gene OPA1

The purpose of this study is to examine the progression of Multicultural to Intercultural Education in the prospect of sustaining social cohesion. Multicultural and Intercultural Education are two major educational pedagogies that came into existence in multicultural societies. The purpose of the case study is to explore the implementation of the practices of Multicultural and Intercultural education as part of fostering the social cohesion in Mauritius. Qualitative data was collected through interviews and a survey which has been conducted to 300 trainees at the Mauritius Institute of Education to examine and analyze their perceptions of Multicultural and Intercultural Education.<br>博士(グローバル社会研究)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Global Society Studies<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University