Relevant bibliographies by topics / OPB

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Academic literature on the topic 'OPB'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "OPB"

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Qi, Yige, Ting Yan, Lu Chen, Qiang Zhang, Weishu Wang, Xu Han, Dangdang Li, Jinming Shi, and Guangchao Sui. "Characterization of YY1 OPB Peptide for its Anticancer Activity." Current Cancer Drug Targets 19, no. 6 (June 21, 2019): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009618666181031153151.

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Background:The oncoprotein binding (OPB) domain of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) consists of 26 amino acids between G201 and S226, and is involved in YY1 interaction with multiple oncogene products, including MDM2, AKT, EZH2 and E1A. Through the OPB domain, YY1 promotes the oncogenic or proliferative regulation of these oncoproteins in cancer cells. We previously demonstrated that a peptide with the OPB sequence blocked YY1-AKT interaction and inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation.Objective:In the current study, we characterized the OPB domain and determined a minimal region for peptide design to suppress cancer cellMethods:Using alanine-scan method, we identified that the amino acids at OPB C-terminal are essential to YY1 binding to AKT. Further studies suggested that serine and threonine residues, but not lysines, in OPB play a key role in YY1-AKT interaction. We generated GFP fusion expression vectors to express OPB peptides with serially deleted N-terminal and found that OPB1 (i.e. G201-S226) is cytoplasmic, but OPB2 (i.e. E206-S226), OPB3 (i.e. E206-S226) and control peptide were both nuclear and cytoplasmic.Results:Both OPB1 and 2 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, but OPB3 exhibited similar effects to control. OPB1 and 2 caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, increased p53 and p21 expression, and reduced AKT(S473) phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells, but not in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusion:: Overall, the serines and threonines of OPB are essential to YY1 binding to oncoproteins, and OPB peptide can be minimized to E206-S226 that maintain inhibitory activity to YY1- promoted cell proliferation.
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Suryadi, Suryadi, Alice Yuniaty, and Agus Hery Susanto. "Genetic Diversity Among Three Cultivars Of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based On Rapd Markers." BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 1, no. 2 (November 4, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1709.

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Peanut (Arachis hypogea) is a typical plant species of tropical regions that has high economic value. The plantation is widely spread over many areas and the production is being pushed to meet the increasing demand. Peanut breeding program is aimed to improve genetic quality, mainly with resepct of production and thus information on genetic diversity is necessary as a basis for consideration in breeding, management and sustainable utilization. One approach to analyse genetic diversity of peanut is by using molecular markers. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a widely used molecular marker for genetic diversity analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity of peanut cultivars, i.e. Jerapah, Kancil, and Hypoma 2, based on RAPD markers. The study was conducted in a survey method, in which three individuals of each cultivar were analyzed using PCR-RAPD technique employing twelve primers, i.e. OPA-1, OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-3, OPB-4, OPB-5, OPB-7, OPB-11, OPB-12 and OPJ-07. Data analysis based on morphological data is also included. Molecular analysis revealed that only 7.55% polymorphic band was obtained, while most of the bands were monomorphic, indicating very low variation among the cultivars. The phenogram that constructed based on literature showed that Kancil was closer to Jerapah cultivar, while RAPD-based dendogram showed that Hypoma 2 was closer to Kancil cultivar.
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Mayangsari, Retno, Agus Hery Susanto, and Alice Yuniaty. "Profil RAPD Tanaman Kantung Semar Beberapa Koleksi Kebun Raya Baturraden." Biosfera 34, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.2.484.

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang profil RAPD beberapa tanaman kantung semar (Nepenthes spp.) koleksi Kebun Raya Baturraden. Tujuh individu yang dipelajari merupakan spesies semiendemik Gunung Slamet dan endemik Jawa, yaitu N. adrianii dan N. gymnampora. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak. DNA genomik sampel diekstraksi untuk kemudian digunakan sebagai templat dalam amplifikasi marka RAPD menggunakan teknik PCR dengan 10 primer acak, yaitu ES10G23, ES10A26, ES10C24, ES10G33, OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-3, OPB-5, dan OPB-7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ke-10 primer tersebut menghasilkan 43 (67,2%) pita polimorfik dan 21 (32,8%) pita monomorfik dengan ukuran berkisar dari 130 hingga 1.500 bp. OPA-2 and OPB-3 menghasilkan polimorfisme tertinggi, sedangkan ES10G23 dan OPA-13 menghasilkan pita monomorfik terbanyak. Dendogram yang dikonstruksi menggunakan UPGMA dalam MEGA 6.06 memperlihatkan bahwa dua klaster terbentuk pada jarak genetik 18%. Kedua klaster tersebut cenderung dipisahkan oleh lokasi geografi.
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Maesaroh, Arini, Adi Amurwanto, and Alice Yuniaty. "ANALISIS RAPD KECIPIR POLONG PANJANG Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC HASIL MUTASI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA." Scripta Biologica 1, no. 1 (March 25, 2014): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.11.

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Winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] is a tropical plant that has some benefits and is very suitable to be cultivated in Indonesia. Study about diversity of winged bean is very important to support the future development of winged bean. Increased genetic diversity can be done through mutation. Gamma ray is often used for inducting mutations. One of way to observe genetic diversity resulted by molecular mutation is using RAPD method. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of winged bean resulted by gamma ray irradiation. The method used in this study was an experiment by using RAPD technique. Samples used were plant leaves that had been induced by gamma ray with a wavelength of 20 Gy, 25 Gy, and control plants that were not induced by gamma ray. RAPD were done by ten primers that were OPA 9, OPA 10, OPA 13, OPA 18, OPB 2, 3 OPB, OPB 6, 7 OPB, OPB 10, and OPB 11. Data were analyzed using GenAlex 6.1 Program. The percentage of polymorphic loci of winged bean population control was 47,54%, while in the 20 and 25 Gy treatment were 62,30% and 54,10%, respectively. The values of genetic variation based on the calculation of allele frequencies were 0,236; 0,202 and 0,194 for treatment of 20 Gy, 25 Gy and for control plants, respectively. Meanwhile, the value of genetic distance ranged from 0.08 to 0.32.
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SODERO, ANA CAROLINA R., ANA CAROLINA G. O. DOS SANTOS, JULIANA F. R. E. MELLO, JÉSSICA B. DE JESUS, ALESSANDRA M. T. DE SOUZA, MARIA ISABEL C. RODRIGUES, SALVATORE G. DE SIMONE, CARLOS R. RODRIGUES, and HERBERT L. DE MATOS GUEDES. "Oligopeptidase B and B2: comparative modelling and virtual screening as searching tools for new antileishmanial compounds." Parasitology 144, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 536–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016002237.

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SUMMARYLeishmaniasis are diseases caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted to humans by the bite of infected insects of the subfamily Phlebotominae. Current drug therapy shows high toxicity and severe adverse effects. Recently, two oligopeptidases (OPBs) were identified in Leishmania amazonensis, namely oligopeptidase B (OPB) and oligopeptidase B2 (OPB2). These OPBs could be ideal targets, since both enzymes are expressed in all parasite lifecycle and were not identified in human. This work aimed to identify possible dual inhibitors of OPB and OPB2 from L. amazonensis. The three-dimensional structures of both enzymes were built by comparative modelling and used to perform a virtual screening of ZINC database by DOCK Blaster server. It is the first time that OPB models from L. amazonensis are used to virtual screening approach. Four hundred compounds were identified as possible inhibitors to each enzyme. The top scored compounds were submitted to refinement by AutoDock program. The best results suggest that compounds interact with important residues, as Tyr490, Glu612 and Arg655 (OPB numbers). The identified compounds showed better results than antipain and drugs currently used against leishmaniasis when ADMET in silico were performed. These compounds could be explored in order to find dual inhibitors of OPB and OPB2 from L. amazonensis.
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S. PANDIN, DONATA. "KERAGAMAN GENETIK KELAPA DALAM BALI (DBI) DAN DALAM SAWARNA (DSA) BERDASARKAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD)." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 16, no. 2 (June 19, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v16n2.2010.83-89.

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<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Keragaman genetik dan hubungan kekerabatan dalam populasikelapa Dalam Bali (DBI) dan Dalam Sawarna (DSA) dianalisismenggunakan penanda RAPD. Penelitian dilaksanakan di LaboratoriumBiologi Tumbuhan, Pusat Penelitian Sumber Daya Hayati danBioteknologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada Februari-Mei 2007. Bahanyang digunakan dalam penelitian sebanyak 10 individu dari masing-masing populasi. Primer acak digunakan dalam analisis terdiri atas 10primer -10 mer yaitu OPA-02, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-13, OPA-20,OPB-08, OPB-11, OPB-12, OPB-15, OPB-20. DNA diekstraksimenggunakan metode Rohde yang telah dimodifikasi, konsentrasiditetapkan menggunakan metode Sambrook. Untuk melihat tingkatkekerabatan antar individu berdasarkan pola pita RAPD dari setiap primerdigunakan program NTsys ver. 2,0 (Program Numerical Taxonomy andMultivariate Analysis), sedangkan untuk analisis gerombol digunakanmetode UPGMA untuk membuat dendogram. Koefisien keragaman antarindividu dalam populasi kelapa DBI berkisar antara 2,4% – 30,7% denganrata-rata 21,7%, dan untuk populasi kelapa DSA antara 1,5% – 22,4%dengan rata-rata 12,7%. Jarak genetik individu-individu dalam populasikelapa Dalam Bali (DBI) cukup jauh menunjukkan bahwa keragamangenetik dalam populasi Dalam Bali masih tinggi, sehingga seleksi untukmaksud perbaikan sifat masih sangat memungkinkan. Pada populasikelapa Dalam Sawarna (DSA) jarak genetik individu-individu dalam sudahsemakin sempit, artinya keanekaragaman genetik antar individu di dalampopulasi DSA sudah sangat rendah oleh karena itu seleksi untuk maksudperbaikan sifat harus dilakukan dengan selektif. Hubungan kekerabatanantar populasi kelapa Dalam Bali dan Dalam Sawarna sebesar 44% artinyajarak genetik kedua populasi ini cukup jauh yaitu 56%. Sehingga jikaindividu-individu terseleksi dari kedua populasi tersebut disilangkan, akandiperoleh keturunan yang memilikinilai heterosis tinggi.</p><p>Kata kunci: Kelapa Dalam Bali, kelapa Dalam Sawarna, keragamangenetik, hubungan kekerabatan, RAPD</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Genetic Diversity of Bali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall(DSA) Coconuts Based on Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA (RAPD</p><p>)Genetic Diversity of Bali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall (DSA)coconuts based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) wasobserved. Ten plants were used in each population. The objectives of thisresearch were to determine genetic diversity within-and inter-population ofBali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall (DSA) coconuts, and geneticrelationship of those population based on RAPD (Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA). Research was done in Plant Biology Laboratory ofCenter Research of Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, InstitutPertanian Bogor, February – May 2007. DNA extraction was done bymodified Rohde method and to determine the concentration and quality ofDNA by Sambrook method. Ten RAPD 10-mer were used namely OPA-02, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-13, OPA-20, OPB-08, OPB-11, OPB-12,OPB-15, OPB-20. To find out the level of genetic relationship betweenindividuals based on RAPD banding pattern of each primer, we usedNTsys program ver. 2.0 (program Numerical Taxonomy and MultivariateAnalysis System), whereas for the analysis of clustering UPGMA methodis used to create a dendogram. These ten RAPD primers could separateDBI and DSA in each group. Genetic diversity within-population of BaliTall coconut population varied from 2.4 to 30.7% with average of 21.7%.So that, opportunity to improve characters in DBI coconut populationcould be done by selection. Genetic diversity within-population ofSawarna Tall coconut population progressively was narrow, ranging from1.5 to 12.4% with average 12.7%, so the selection in order to do characterimprovement in this population could be done selectively. Geneticrelationship between DBI dan DSA populations was far enough (54%), sothe crossing between those population will be good for charactersimprovment.</p><p>Key words : Bali Tall coconut, Sawarna Tall coconut, genetic diversity,genetic relationship, RAPD</p>
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Vieira, Antonio, José Fernando Piva Lobato, Roberto Augusto de Almeida Torres Junior, Ivo Martins Cezar, and Eduardo Simões Correa. "Fatores determinantes do desempenho reprodutivo de vacas Nelore na região dos Cerrados do Brasil Central." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 34, no. 6 suppl (December 2005): 2408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982005000700029.

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Avaliou-se, durante quatro estações de monta (1/11 a 31/1 do ano seguinte), o efeito da ordem de parto (OP) e da condição corporal (CC), segundo escala de 1 (magra) a 5 (gorda), sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de 468 fêmeas Nelore, sendo 391 vacas multíparas e 77 primíparas, em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, na região dos Cerrados, no Brasil Central. A OP teve efeito quadrático na taxa de prenhez (TP). Vacas OP1 apresentaram TP de 69%, OP5 a OP8 de 90%, com declínio gradual até 80% de prenhez na OP12. A CC à desmama afetou a TP. Pela análise de regressão, vacas OP1 com CC 2,0 e 3,5 tiveram TP de 52,7 e 82,5%, respectivamente. Observou-se TP DE 96% em vacas com OP4 e OP8 e CC 3,5. A TP de vacas OP1 com parição tardia foi de 37,7%, mas, independentemente da OP, vacas que pariram no início da temporada tiveram TP superiores a 80%. Vacas OP1 pariram 350,12 dias após o início da monta, enquanto aquelas com OP superiores, necessitaram de 328,32 dias. Vacas OP1 apresentaram o mais longo intervalo de partos (IP), com 392,10 dias, ao passo que o IP das OP5 a OP9 foi de 365 dias. O IP foi afetado pelo ano, pela OP, pelo número de dias necessários para parir na estação de parição e pela variação de peso na estação de cobrição. O peso vivo e a CC das vacas à desmama foram afetados pela OP e pelo ano. O peso à desmama (PD) do bezerro aumentou da OP1 até a OP4/OP5, de modo que as vacas OP1 proporcionaram PD de 159 kg e a média dos PD das OP foi de 169 kg. Altos índices produtivos e reprodutivos são obtidos entre OP3 e OP8 com CC acima de 3,0 e 3,5 em vacas Nelore multíparas e prímaparas, respectivamente.
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Donato, Marcela, Camila Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro, Jane Mara Block, and Itaciara Larroza Nunes. "Efeito da adição de óleo de palma bruto nanoencapsulado na estabilidade oxidativa de molho para salada em teste de oxidação acelerada." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): e4229107841. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.7841.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de óleo de palma bruto nanoencapsulado (OPB-NE) como antioxidante em molho para salada em teste de oxidação acelerada (Schaal Oven Test). O OPB-NE foi caracterizado quanto a eficiência de encapsulamento (EE), tamanho de partícula (TP), potencial Zeta (pZ) e índice de polidispersibilidade (PDI). O Óleo de palma bruto livre (OPB-L) e OPB-NE foram avaliados quanto aos carotenoides totais (CT) e atividade antioxidante (AA). Foram desenvolvidos três molhos para salada sabor mostarda (A-molho base controle/B-molho base + OPB-NE/C-molho base + BHA e BHT). Nos molhos foram determinadas a composição centesimal e o teor de CT. OPB-L, OBP-NE e os molhos foram submetidos ao Schaal Oven Test em estufa (60 ± 5º C/15 dias/circulação de ar). Após este período os índices de acidez (IA), peróxidos (IP) e dienos (DC) e trienos (TC) conjugados foram determinados. O OPB-NE apresentou EE de 95,66%, TP de 0,29 µm, heterogeneidade de tamanhos de partícula (PDI 1,00), pZ de -41,80 mV, e 12,11% de AA. O OPB-NE e o molho B apresentaram teor de CT de 561,77 ± 10,97 e 442,31 ± 12,14 µg.g-1, respectivamente. Os molhos não tiveram diferença na composição centesimal. OPB-NE apresentou maior IA do que o OPB-L, valores de IP e DC inferiores, e TC semelhantes ao final de 15 dias. Nos molhos houve diferença apenas no IP, com maior estabilidade do molho C, seguido pelo B, mais estável que o A. Concluiu-se que o OPB-NE pode ser uma alternativa aos antioxidantes sintéticos BHA e BHT em molhos para salada.
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Tanudharma, Gabriella Ashari, Nurtjahjo Dwi Sasongko, and Alice Yuniaty. "Molecular Phylogeny of Sunflower Cultivars of Teddy Bear, Skyscraper, Lemon Queen and Common Sunflower Using RAPD Markers." BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 2, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1762.

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Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants. The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.
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Sorbera, L. A., and J. Castañer. "OPB-2045." Drugs of the Future 24, no. 2 (1999): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dof.1999.024.02.482254.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "OPB"

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Coelho, Carolina Marin Rocha. "Caracterização da oligopeptidase B (OpB) de Trypanosoma rangeli." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106840.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Florianópolis, 2013.
Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T22:31:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 320339.pdf: 2205000 bytes, checksum: da7248619a58600198bc8e13a2b84fa8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
O Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) rangeli é um protozoário hemoflagelado de ciclo heteroxênico. Apesar de não ser patogênico para o hospedeiro mamífero, incluindo seres humanos, infecções por este parasito podem dificultar o diagnóstico da doença de Chagas. Vários aspectos relativos ao curso da infecção do T. rangeli no hospedeiro mamífero são controversos, incluindo o mecanismo de invasão e multiplicação celular neste hospedeiro. A enzima Oligopeptidase B (OpB) está fortemente relacionada com o processo de invasão celular e patogenicidade de vários tripanosomatídeos, sendo um alvo promissor para o desenvolvimento de quimioterápicos. A OpB de T. rangeli é codificada por uma ORF de 2.139 pb que é traduzida para um polipeptídeo de 713 aminoácidos com 80.2 kDa de massa molecular. A sequência aminoacídica da OpB de T. rangeli, que corresponde a família das prolil endopeptidases, apresenta similaridade de 89,9% com T. cruzi, 86% com T. brucei e 85,5% com T. evansi, estando o domínio catalítico característico da família bastante conservado entre estes organismos. A OpB é expressa nas formas epimastigotas e tripomastigotas de T. rangeli, sendo sua atividade mensurada através da emissão de fluorescência resultante da mobilização de Ca+2 da célula hospedeira em ensaios in vitro. Os extratos proteicos das formas tripomastigotas de T. rangeli apresentaram uma emissão de fluorescência estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,01) em relação aos controles. O tratamento dos extratos proteicos com o soro anti-OpB reduziu a emissão da fluorescência de todos os extratos, no entanto, apenas para os extratos das formas tripomastigotas de T. cruzi essa redução foi significativa. A OpBr teve uma emissão de fluorescência próxima do basal revelando ausência de atividade da proteína recombinante. A avaliação da expressão da OpB durante a interação parasitos/célula hospedeira mostrou um aumento significativo (p < 0,01) da expressão da OpB em T. rangeli após trinta minutos de interação em relação aos parasitos que não entraram em contato com as células. Estes resultados demonstram o envolvimento da OpB no processo de interação do T. rangeli com a célula do hospedeiro mamífero, constituindo um importante alvo de estudo para o esclarecimento do processo de interação parasito/célula.
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Bernspång, Johan. "Interfacing an external Ethernet MAC/PHY to a MicroBlaze system on a Virtex-II FPGA." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2412.

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Due to the development towards more dense programmable devices (FPGAs) it is today possible to fit a complete embedded system including microprocessor, bus architecture, memory, and custom peripherals onto one single reprogrammable chip, it is called a System-on-Chip (SoC). The custom peripherals can be of literally any nature from I/O interfaces to Ethernet Media Access Controllers. The latter core, however, usually consumes a big part of a good sized FPGA. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibilities of interfacing an FPGA based Microblaze system to an off-chip Ethernet MAC/PHY. A solution which would consume a smaller part of the targeted FPGA, and thus giving room for other on-chip peripherals or enable the use of a smaller sized FPGA. To employ a smaller FPGA is desirable since it would reduce power consumption and device price. This work includes evaluation of different available Ethernet devices, decision of interface technology, implementation of the interface, testing and verification. Since the ISA interface still is a common interface to Ethernet MAC devices a bus bridge is implemented linking the internal On-Chip Peripheral Bus (OPB) with the ISA bus. Due to delivery delays of the selected Ethernet chip a small on-chip ISA peripheral was constructed to provide a tool for the testing and verification of the bus bridge. The main result of this work is an OPB to ISA bus bridge core. The bridge was determined to work according to specification, and with this report at hand the connection of the Ethernet chip to the system should be quite straightforward.

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Nilsson, Hampus, and Sebastian Olsson. "Jämförande studie gällande materialplaneringsprocessen vid verkstäderna OPS och OPX. : – En fallstudie på Xylem Inc. i Emmaboda." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35989.

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Bakgrund: I dagsläget upplever verkstadschefen vid OPS att materialplaneringsprocessen skulle kunna effektiviseras. I dagsläget är det oklart hur processen utförs och vad logistikerna lägger ner tid på i varje aktivitet. Genom en kartläggning och jämförelse med en annan verkstad vid Xylem Inc. i Emmaboda finns möjligheten till att se på vilket sätt andra verkstäder arbetar med materialplaneringsprocessen. Syfte: Att identifiera nuläget genom att beskriva och kartlägga materialplaneringsprocessen vid de två verkstäderna OPS och OPX för att identifiera var det förekommer skillnader mellan de två verkstäderna och vad som orsakar onödig tidsåtgång. Syftet är också att utifrån jämförelsen ge förbättringsförslag för att tidseffektivisera materialplaneringsprocessen vid verkstaden OPS. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ fallstudie på verkstäderna OPS och OPX på Xylem Inc. i Emmaboda där datainsamlingen skett genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer och direkta observationer. Först genomfördes processkartläggning av materialplaneringsprocessen vid de två verkstäderna tillsammans med tidtagning av delprocessernas tidsåtgång. Utifrån detta kunde sedan en jämförelse mellan de två verkstäderna utföras. Efterföljande kapitel i studien fokuserar på vad verkstaden OPS kan göra för att tidseffektivisera materialplaneringsprocessen. Slutsatser: Det förekommer skillnader mellan de två verkstädernas arbetssätt på endast en av delprocesserna men det är väsentlig skillnad i tidsåtgång på samtliga delprocesser. Tidsåtgången kan härledas från otillräcklig kapacitet i verkstaden OPS och genom olika förslag på frigörelse av kapacitet samt uppdaterade och anpassade system kan verkstaden OPS tidseffektivisera materialplaneringsprocessen.
Background: In today´s situation the workshop manager feel that the material planning process at workshop OPS can be more efficient. The reason for this is that in the current situation, it is unclear how the process is carried out and what the logistics are put in time in every activity. Through a survey and comparison with another workshop at Xylem Inc. in Emmaboda it is possible to see how the workshops makes them different and what causes the time required for the material planning process. Purpose: To identify the current situation be describing and mapping materials planning process at the two workshops OPS and OPX to identify where there are differences between the two workshops and what causes unnecessary delays. It also aims based on the comparison suggest measures to streamline the time material planning at the workshop OPS. Method: The study is a qualitative case study of the workshops OPS and OPX at Xylem Inc. in Emmaboda where data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and direct observations. First conducted process mapping of materials planning process at the two workshops together with the timing of the time spent on each sub-process. Based on this, a comparison could be made of the two workshops. The remaining chapter of the study focuses on what the workshop OPS can do to be more time-efficient on their material planning process. Conclusion: There are differences between the two workshops working on only one of the sub-processes but there is considerable difference in the time needed in every part of the process. The duration can be derived from insufficient capacity in the workshop OPS and through various suggestions for the emancipation of capacity as well as updated and adapted systems can workshop OPS time-efficiency materials planning process.
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Nègre, Emmanuelle. "Informations volontaires lors des OPA/OPE : de la décision de diffusion à leur influence sur les actionnaires." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10022.

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Cette thèse porte sur la diffusion volontaire d informations lors d OPA/OPE. Elle est constituée de trois articles s intéressant à une étape différente du processus de diffusion d informations dans ce contexte. Le premier article vise à expliquer la décision de diffusion volontaire des entreprises cibles par une étude des facteurs incitatifs à la diffusion lors de telles opérations. Les résultats montrent que cette décision découle principalement de l influence de facteurs contextuels. Le deuxième article identifie, à partir d une analyse lexicale des communiqués de presse volontaires, les stratégies discursives adoptées par les entreprises acquéreuses et cibles ainsi que les motivations sous-jacentes. Enfin, dans le troisième article, une expérimentation est conduite afin d examiner l influence des stratégies de diffusion d informations et de gestion des impressions des entreprises cibles d offres hostiles sur les actionnaires. Il s avère que celles-ci modifient leur perception de l offre et in fine leur décision d accepter ou de rejeter l opération
This thesis deals with voluntary disclosure of information during takeover bids. It consists of three articles that are concerned with a different step of the disclosure process in this context. The first article aims at explaining the voluntary disclosure decision of target companies by studying factors influencing disclosure during such transactions. The results highlight that this decision is mainly explained by the influence of contextual factors. The second article identifies, through a lexical analysis of voluntary press releases, the discourse strategies adopted by both bidding and target companies and the underlying motivations. Finally, in the third article, an experiment is conducted to investigate the influence of disclosure and impression management strategies of the targets of hostile bids on shareholders. It turns out that these strategies modify their perception of the bid and ultimately their decision to accept or reject the bid
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Rosellen, Markus. "OPE- Algebras." Bonn : Mathematisches Institut der Universität, 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/52337099.html.

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Ben, Salah Khalil. "Gains et motivations des opérations de prises de contrôle : le cas des OPA et OPE : une étude empirique sur le marché parisien : 1977-1991." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010078.

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L'objectif de cette recherche est l'analyse des motivations des prises de contrôle ainsi que l'explication des rentabilités anormales observées autour de la date d'annonce. Il s'agit aussi de tester un modèle explicatif de la rentabilité. Le modèle est une fonction de la prime, du type d’opérations, de la participation préalable et de la dispersion du capital de la société initiatrice. L'étude a été menée sur un échantillon de cinquante-cinq opérations d'O. P. A. Et d' O. P. E. Réalisées sur le marché parisien entre 1977 et 1991. La procédure d'offre publique se distingue des autres opérations d'acquisition par sa discrétion et par le fait qu'elle s'adresse directement aux actionnaires de la société visée. Ensuite, l'étude théorique des motivations a été menée aussi bien dans le cadre de la théorie traditionnelle de la firme que celui de la prise en compte des divergences d'intérêt entre les actionnaires et les dirigeants. Les principales motivations de ces opérations sont : la synergie, les coûts d'agence et l'erreur d'évaluation de la part des dirigeants de l'entreprise initiatrice (surévaluation ou sous-évaluation). La méthodologie utilisée est celle de l’analyse d'évènements. Les résultats montrent que l'évolution de la rentabilité autour de la date d'annonce est différente entre l'échantillon d'entreprises acquéreuses et acquises. De même les rentabilités sont plus importantes pour les O. P. A. Que pour les O. P. E. Le test du modèle montre que, pour les O. P. A. , c'est la prime qui est la variable la plus déterminante pour expliquer les rentabilités. Concernant les O. P. E. , le modèle échoue quant à expliquer celles-ci
In this reserach we analyse the gains and motivations of takeover operations. We also build a model of the return around the announcement date of the operation. The variables are : the premium of the offer, the type of operation, the previous holding of target shares and the dissipation of the acquiring firm shares. The study was conducted from a sample of fifty five french cash and stock tender offers between 1977 and 1991. The takeover in France is different from the other acquisition rechniques because its discreet and applies only to the shareholders of the target firm. The theoritical study of the motivations was led according to the traditionnal theory of the firm and also in the case of difference of interest between the shareholders and managers. The main motivations o f the operations are : the ssynergy, the agency costs and the over or under evaluation of the target firm by the acquiri ng firms managers. The methodology used is an event study. The resuts show that the abnormal returns are different in the sample of acquiri ng and target firms, also they are higher for cahs tender offers than in stock ones. The test of the model shows that, for cash tender offers the premium is the main variable to explain the returns around the announcement date. For stock tender offers the model fail in explaining returns
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Tumedei, Gianni. "Il protocollo OPC UA." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19780/.

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Negli ultimi anni, l’automazione dei processi produttivi sta causando un incremento esponenziale della quantità e delle tipologie di oggetti interconnessi e comunicanti negli impianti di produzione. Tutti questi sistemi devono essere in grado di comunicare tra di loro, nonché che con applicativi HMI (Human-Machine Interface) e gestionali, per scambiarsi tutte le informazioni utili al processo produttivo, e devono poterlo fare in maniera rapida e sicura. La tesi in oggetto analizza nel dettaglio il protocollo OPC Unified Architecture, una soluzione per lo scambio di informazioni in ambito industriale. Vengono studiati i servizi offerti da OPC UA che, essendo forniti in maniera astratta e con mapping su varie tecnologie, lo rendono indipendente dalla piattaforma e dal mezzo di comunicazione. Viene poi analizzato nel dettaglio lo standard di Information Modelling di OPC UA, che permette di gestire virtualmente ogni genere di informazione e dà la possibilità ai venditori di modellare tipi di dato complessi specifici alle loro esigenze. L’architettura di sicurezza di OPC UA è un altro punto di attenzione, in grado di garantire confidenzialità e non ripudiabilità dei dati. Grazie al concetto dei profili e alle innumerevoli modalità di comunicazione offerte, viene spiegato come OPC UA costituisce come una valida soluzione per una gamma molto ampia di prodotti, da sistemi embedded per il rilevamento dati a software MES ed ERP. Infine, vengono introdotti alcuni stack OPC UA open source, e per uno di essi è presentata una demo software.
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Drake, Fred L. Jr. "odb/Tools Project Report." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36972.

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odb/Tools is a suite of object classes providing scriptable access to the object database facility of ProjectEnvision. It implements an interface to the base ODB library for the Python embeddable language using both a C-language module linked to the host runtime environment and several native Python modules to provide the high level access to the facility
Master of Science
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Suteu, Silviu Cezar. "OPS-SAT Software Simulator." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-59903.

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OPS-SAT is an in-orbit laboratory mission designed to allow experimenters todeploy new on-board software and perform in-orbit demonstrations of new tech-nology and concepts related to mission operations. The NanoSat MO Frame-work facilitates the process of developing experimental on-board software for OPS-SAT by abstracting the complexities related to communication across the space toground link as well as the details of low-level device access. The objective of thisproject is to implement functional simulation models of OPS-SAT peripherals andorbit/attitude behavior, which integrated together with the NanoSat MO Frame-work provide a sufficiently realistic runtime environment for OPS-SAT on-boardsoftware experiment development. Essentially, the simulator exposes communi-cation interfaces for executing commands which affect the payload instrumentsand/or retrieve science data and telemetry. The commands can be run either fromthe MO Framework or manually, from an intuitive GUI which performs syntaxcheck. In this case, the output will be displayed for advanced debugging. The endresult of the thesis work is a virtual machine which has all the tools installed todevelop cutting edge technology space applications.
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GONÇALVES, Robson Neves. "Desenvolvimento de Servidores OPC DA, OPC UA e Wrappers para aplicação em Automação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFEI, 2012. http://repositorio.unifei.edu.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/1205.

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Submitted by repositorio repositorio (repositorio@unifei.edu.br) on 2018-04-20T19:39:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_goncalves_2012.pdf: 4411333 bytes, checksum: d4c63103bee2b9a9fc5c7a6cad93b388 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T19:39:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_goncalves_2012.pdf: 4411333 bytes, checksum: d4c63103bee2b9a9fc5c7a6cad93b388 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02
Este trabalho apresenta as informações relevantes para o desenvolvimento de servidores OPC DA, UA e Wrappers. Aborda o conceito teórico sobre a tecnologia e as ferramentas utilizadas para o desenvolvimento, proporcionando a síntese para a elaboração desse tipo de sistema. O estudo é contextualizado em uma situação real de aquisição de dados usando o sistema supervisório Elipse E3, para supervisionar os resultados provenientes do servidor OPC DA/UA e o Elipse Plant Manager - EPM para aquisitar os resultados provenientes do servidor OPC DA (Elipse E3), e ser entendido por um OPC UA Cliente através do OPC Wrapper. Para o Ambiente de Teste foi configurada uma rede MODBUS TCP, com os módulos de Automação da empresa Advantech – ADAM. Para garantir a conformidade dos servidores criados são realizados os testes de conformidade, utilizando o Compliance Test Tool – CTT da OPC Foundation, demonstrando a capacidade de interoperabilidade fornecida pelas soluções desenvolvidas. Após os testes são apresentadas os principais pontos de falhas ocorridas e as respectivas soluções.
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Books on the topic "OPB"

1

Albouy, Michel. OPA, OPE et LBO. Paris: Economica, 2008.

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Couret, Alain. Les OPA. Paris: Presses Universitaires deFrance, 1992.

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1955-, Koons Jeff, and Kratochvil Laurie, eds. Cycl[ops]. Boston: Little, Brown, 1994.

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Griffin, W. E. B. Special ops. New York: Putnam's, 2001.

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Griffin, W. E. B. Special ops. New York: Jove Books, 2002.

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Dongen, Ron van. Ops opis. Tucson, Ariz: Nazraeli Press, 2004.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Chopper ops. New York: Berkley Books, 2000.

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Sackier, Shelley. Dear Opl. Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks Jabberwocky, 2015.

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Pinto, Magalhães. A OPA. Porto: Vida Económica, 1996.

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Griffin, W. E. B. Special Ops. New York: Penguin Group USA, Inc., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "OPB"

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Stowers, Lisa, Sandeepa Dey, Vladana Vukojević, Yu Ming, and Lars Terenius. "Opb." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1304. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_100959.

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Jain, M., and A. Gupta. "1012 Diamagnetic susceptibility of OPb." In Diamagnetic Susceptibility and Anisotropy of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds, 1062. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44694-1_1013.

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Jones, Lawrence. "Approaches to Developing OPB Formulations." In Offence Paralleling Behaviour, 69–87. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470970270.ch4.

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Edward, Ceasar, and Dr Arun Kr. Dev. "Assessment of CALM Buoys Motion Response and Dominant OPB/IPB Inducing Parameters on Fatigue Failure of Offshore Mooring Chains." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 548–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4672-3_35.

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Stowers, Lisa, Sandeepa Dey, Vladana Vukojević, Yu Ming, and Lars Terenius. "Opb2." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1304. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0461-4_100960.

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Slawik, Marc, Felix Beuschlein, Katrina Light, Roger Mulder, Gordon Dent, Mark G. Buckley, Stephen T. Holgate, et al. "OPS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1526. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_5044.

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Gooch, Jan W. "OBP." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 497. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8071.

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Gooch, Jan W. "ONB." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 503. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8187.

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Heppner, John B., John B. Heppner, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Pauline O. Lawrence, John L. Capinera, et al. "Orb." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2683. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1872.

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Liepe, Jürgen. "Operationsverstärker (OPV)." In Schaltungen der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik – verstehen und lösen mit NI Multisim, 259–76. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446441644.008.

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Conference papers on the topic "OPB"

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Lee, Jae-bin, Weoncheol Koo, and Joonmo Choung. "Out-of-Plane Bending Moment-Induced Hotspot Stress Evaluation Using Advanced Numerical Technique." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78679.

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There have been various studies to predict out-of-plane bending (OPB) moment-induced stresses in mooring chain links. Recently, the BV guideline as one of the deliverables from OPB JIP reported empirical formulas to predict the nominal OPB moment-induced stress with suitable concentration factors (SCFs) so that prediction of the OPB moment-induced hotspot stresses can be available. A non-linear finite element analysis technique has been developed to more accurately estimate the OPB moment-induced hotspot stress. There has been no choice but to apply prescribed rotation to generate the OPB moment in this numerical technique (existing approach). Pointing out some disadvantages in the BV guideline and existing approach, an advanced numerical was proposed to simulate more realistic tension-induced OPB mechanism. In the present paper, basic differences were presented in terms of numerical simulation techniques, nominal OPB moments, and hotspot OPB stresses. In order to show differences of the stress distributions and the hotspot OPB stresses between existing and advanced approaches, a benchmark chain link model was constructed in which the nominal diameter was 107mm. From the comparison of stress distributions in straight parts of the link, significant differences were found between the existing and advanced approaches. The existing approach more developed the compressive stresses due to the prescribed rotation-induced OPB moment than the advanced approach. This also led to more increased hotspot OPB moments.
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Barros, P., E. Carlberg, I. S. Høgsæt, M. R. Karimi, J. Braun, E. Gooijer, and P. Vargas. "Out-of-Plane Bending (OPB) Test of Large Diameter Mooring Chains." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18805.

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Abstract Chevron Corporation and Bluewater Energy Services (BES) performed a chain out-of-plane bending (OPB) test, called OPB MAX hereafter, at DNV GL’s laboratory in Høvik-Norway. The test was performed to study the OPB phenomenon for a chain diameter which was larger than the maximum diameter tested by the OPB JIP. The goal was to understand chain OPB physics for such a large diameter, measure interlink stiffness and maximum sliding moments and validate BES’ in-house finite element model. The current study is a collaboration between all involved parties and the results will be presented in three papers. The first paper summarizes the test setup and instrumentation. The second paper describes the test results, compares them with the OPB JIP estimations and tries to describe the chain OPB physics. The third and the last paper presents the FEA results performed by BES’ in-house finite element model. This paper is the first of the three and focuses on the test setup and instrumentation. The testing machine has been developed by DNV GL and is capable of applying tensions up to 350 t and interlink rotations in the range of ±3 degrees. Two 7-link chain specimens of R4 and R4s grades, both with the nominal diameter of 168 mm were tested at five tension levels from 150, to 350 t. Testing was performed in both wet and dry conditions. Twenty strain gauges were used to measure 3 OPB and 2 IPB moments at 5 mid-link positions. Twelve strain gauge rosettes were used on 3 links to evaluate SCF’s on the OPB hotspots. Seven inclinometers were used to monitor link rotations. DNV GL utilized a digital image processing tool to capture relative movements of chain links and developed a specific data processing tool to calculate the interlink stiffness, perform statistical analysis and provide several levels of data evaluation and comparison between the tests. The paper will provide a description of the test matrix and test objectives are given with the background of the previously performed OPB tests. Next a detailed description of the test rig is presented including the utilized instrumentation. Finally, an explanation of the implemented real-time test monitoring and the performed post-processing on the readings, in line with the test objectives is mentioned. The initial test results are briefly provided at the end.
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Edward, Ceasar, and Arun Kr Dev. "Numerical Methods for Interlink Stiffness Formulations and Parameters Sensitivity of Out-of-Plane Bending in Mooring Chains." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96042.

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Abstract Mooring components used for offshore floaters are conventionally designed only to resist axial loads with minimum resistance to bending loads. However, the unprecedented failure of four mooring lines of the Girassol Buoy followed by new modifications of similar buoys exposed the gaps in the existing methodology for failure assessment. The root cause of this failure was attributed to the critical role of out-of-plane (OPB) bending induced fatigue which reduced the fatigue life by 95%. The methodology to incorporate OPB fatigue for failure assessments involves a complex process due to numerous parameters required in the formulations and variability of mooring configurations. One of the most critical steps required to simplify methodology is the formulation of the interlink stiffness, contact stiffness and global stiffness of the chain segment. Currently, the interlink stiffness is derived from full-scale laboratory testing which is expensive and has limitations in generating data for a range of configurations. This paper focuses on producing the interlink stiffness using numerical simulations based on non-linear FE analysis to capture the complex interlink contacts mechanism at the mating surface, elastic-plastic material properties considering non-linear isotropic and non-linear kinematic behaviors during OPB response modes, and compare the numerical models based on available experimental data. The numerical model developed for this research are designed to replicate real case OPB scenarios which induces both rotation and vertical displacements at the mooring connection points. This is different from models studied so far that induces only vertical displacements to study OPB responses which produces conservative results. Further to this, an exhaustive analysis of the key OPB inducing parameters like chain diameter, types, pre-tension, instantaneous tensions, proof loading, residual stress, material properties, boundary condition etc. are required for understanding the underlying failure mechanism. This research also investigates the key OPB parameters and analyze their inter-dependencies, proportionalities and relative sensitivities to understand their overall contribution to OPB failures. This paper presents the first part of this research work which focuses on some of these key aspects to generate the simplified methodology using numerical methods. The findings of this research can be used to generate a database of interlink stiffness for application to a range of mooring configurations and develop mathematical formulations for carrying out a direct assessment of OPB fatigue in combination with tension-tension fatigue failures and proposes potential mechanisms for improving the fatigue life.
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Rampi, Lucile, Fata Dewi, Michel Francois, Arnaud Gerthoffert, and Pedro Vargas. "Chain Out of Plane Bending (OPB) Fatigue Joint Industry Project (JIP) Static Test Program and OPB Interlink Stiffness." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54195.

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In 2002, several mooring chains of a deepwater offloading buoy failed prematurely within a very small time frame. These chains were designed according to conventional offshore fatigue assessment using API recommendations. With this first deepwater buoy application, a new mooring chain fatigue mechanism was discovered. High pretension levels combined with significant mooring chain motions caused interlink rotations that generated significant Out of Plane Bending (OPB) fatigue loading. Traditionally, interlink rotations are relatively harmless and generate low bending stresses in the chain links. The intimate mating contact that occurs due to the plastic deformation during the proof loading and the high pretension of the more contemporary mooring designs have been identified as aggravating factors for this phenomenon. A Joint Industry Project (JIP), gathering 26 different companies, was started in 2007 to better understand the Out of Plane Bending (OPB) mooring chain fatigue mechanism and to propose mooring chain fatigue design recommendations. This paper summarizes the quasi static OPB stiffness measurement campaign and the post processing work to derive the OPB interlink stiffness.
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Rampi, Lucile, and Pedro Vargas. "Fatigue Testing of Out-of-Plane Bending Mechanism of Chain Links." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92488.

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Three years ago, several mooring chains of an off-loading buoy failed after only 8 months of service. These chains were designed according to conventional fatigue assessment using API RP 2SK T-N curves to a fatigue life or 20 years with a factor of safety equal to 3 on life. Of particular interest is that the mooring chain failure underwent significant mooring chain motions that caused interlink rotations. Although traditionally neglected, these interlink rotations, when combined with significant chain tensions can cause bending stresses in the chain links (See Figure 1). This recently identified phenomena, Out-of-Plane Bending (OPB), explains the extensive fatigue damage causing the mooring chains of the off-loading buoy to fail [3][4][5]. References [3] and [4] document full scale tests of the OPB mechanism using a full scale test frame with the ability of applying inter-link rotation to a pre-tensioned chain. This testing confirmed that interlink rotations with a constant tension load can result in significantly high stresses. OPB stresses were measured on four different chain sizes of various grades: 1) 81 mm Studded Grade R3S, 2) 107 mm Stud-less Grade RQ3, 3) 124 mm Stud-less Grade R4, and 4) 146 mm Stud-less Grade RQ4, Grade R3 in [3] and [4], but no actual fatigue tests were performed. References [3] and [5] document analytical and computational efforts to explain and quantify the OPB stresses. In this paper, special focus is placed on obtaining actual fatigue failures of chains from OPB loading. Smaller chain sizes (40 mm) are used to accommodate the load limits of the testing frame. To mimic the actual loading as close as possible, sub size models of actual chainhawses were used in the testing. Two chainhawses were used: 1) the chainhawse has internal curvature where a link rests on the intrados, similar to offloading buoy that failed in eight months, and 2) a straight chainhase, a design that is in use today with demonstrated improved fatigue performance over the curved chainhawse. OPB stresses are measured and reported. Fatigue loading in the OPB mode was applied for several configurations. The two chainhawse exhibit very different stress levels and fatigue performance. An empirical relationship previously reported in [3][4][5] is compared to the measured OPB stresses with mixed results. Although limited in number, the fatigue tests indicate that overall the chain fatigue performance is at or above the B1 DnV curve. The BS B1 curve is also compared.
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6

Rampi, Lucile, Arnaud Gerthoffert, Michel Francois, Andre Bignonnet, and Pedro Vargas. "Chain Out of Plane Bending (OPB) Fatigue Joint Industry Project (JIP) Fatigue Test Program Results and Methodology." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54199.

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In 2002, several mooring chains of a deepwater offloading buoy failed prematurely within a very small time frame. These chains were designed according to conventional offshore fatigue assessment using API recommendations. With this first deepwater buoy application, a new mooring chain fatigue mechanism was discovered. High pretension levels combined with significant mooring chain motions caused interlink rotations that generated significant Out of Plane Bending (OPB) fatigue loading. Traditionally, interlink rotations are relatively harmless and generate low bending stresses in the chain links. The intimate mating contact that occurs due to the plastic deformation during the proof loading and the high pretension of the more contemporary mooring designs have been identified as aggravating factors for this phenomenon. A Joint Industry Project (JIP), gathering 26 different companies, was started in 2007 to better understand the OPB mooring chain fatigue mechanism and to propose mooring chain fatigue design recommendations. This paper summarizes the full scale fatigue tests on chains and also the tests on small samples addressing the environmental influence on fatigue initiation and crack propagation stages. This paper also addresses the major step that was achieved: the implementation of a multiaxial fatigue criterion to address OPB hotspots as a standard practice in offshore industry. Moreover, the paper presents the first Industry OPB based S-N curves and its comparison to the existing industry fatigue S-N curve. Lastly, this paper provides a summary of the main steps in a framework for OPB fatigue calculation guidelines.
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Rampi, Lucile, Andre Bignonnet, Cedric Le Cunff, Francois Bourgin, and Pedro Vargas. "Chain Out of Plane Bending (OPB) Fatigue Joint Industry Project (JIP) FEA Results and Multiaxiality Study Results." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54198.

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In 2002, several mooring chains of a deepwater offloading buoy failed prematurely within a very small time frame. These chains were designed according to conventional offshore fatigue assessment using API recommendations. With this first deepwater buoy application, a new mooring chain fatigue mechanism was discovered. High pretension levels combined with significant mooring chain motions caused interlink rotations that generated significant Out of Plane Bending (OPB) fatigue loading. Traditionally, interlink rotations are relatively harmless and generate low bending stresses in the chain links. The intimate mating contact that occurs due to the plastic deformation during the proof loading and the high pretension of the more contemporary mooring designs have been identified as aggravating factors for this phenomenon. A Joint Industry Project (JIP), gathering 26 different companies, was started in 2007 to better understand the Out of Plane Bending (OPB) mooring chain fatigue mechanism and to propose mooring chain fatigue design recommendations. This paper summarizes the computational Finite Element Analysis (FEA) scope of work that provided the understanding and validation of the OPB mechanism through correlation with the test program results on chains. In addition, a multiaxial assessment of the fatigue stresses is studied and the main results are presented in this paper.
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8

Melis, Cecil, Phillipe Jean, and Pedro Vargas. "Out-of-Plane Bending Testing of Chain Links." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67353.

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Several mooring chains of an off-loading buoy failed after only 8 months of service. These chains were designed according to conventional fatigue assessment using API RP 2SK T-N curves to a fatigue life or 20 years with a factor of safety equal to 3 on life. Of particular interest is that the mooring chain failure underwent significant mooring chain motions that caused interlink rotations. Although traditionally neglected, these interlink rotations, when combined with significant chain tensions can cause bending stresses in the chain links. In this paper we identify a mechanism, here identified as Out-of-Plane Bending (OPB) that explains the extensive fatigue damage causing the mooring chains of the off-loading buoy to fail. A full scale test frame was constructed that has the capacity of applying inter-link rotation to a pre-tensioned chain. Although the test frame limits the number of links that can be tested together as a chain, a significant amount of testing was performed for the following chain sizes: 1. 81 mm Studded Grade R3S. 2. 107 mm Studdless Grade RQ3. 3. 124 mm Studless Grade R4. 4. 146 mm Studless Grade RQ4. Various pretension levels were used, with instrumentation to extract link angles and chain link stresses. In this paper the OPB mechanism is explained, and the test frame and results are presented. An empirical relationship is found to predict the OPB stresses in the chain links as a function of pretension and inter-link rotation. The OPB stress relationship obtained was applied to the failed mooring chain of the off-loading buoy with reasonable agreement. To comply with Single Buoy Moorings (SBM) requirements addressing publication of internal research, many of the graphs included in this paper have had the stress values removed from the y-axis. However, with SBM’s management approval, some numerical references to stress amplitudes remain in the text. Overall, this limitation does not detract from the study, trends are evident and relevant comparisons can be made.
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Farrow, Gary H., Simon Dimopoulos, and Andrew A. Kilner. "Investigations Into Fatigue of OPB Loaded Offshore Mooring Chains." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18609.

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Abstract The Chain FEARS (Finite Element Analysis of Residual Strength) JIP developed a correlated FEA method for determining fatigue life of Tension-Tension (T-T) loaded offshore mooring chain. The developed first principles method incorporated the non-linear effects of proof loading, accounted for mean chain tension, accounted for material grade, employed a multi-axial fatigue method to account for complex stress fields within the chain, and was based on a parent material S-N curve. It was anticipated that this high fidelity approach could be applied more universally to successfully address a broader spectrum of emergent factors experienced in-field which have caused chain fatigue life reduction and adversely impacted mooring system integrity. These emergent factors include an array of chain degradation modes including; uniform, pitting and mega pitting corrosion; preferential butt weld corrosion; abrasive, contact and interlink wear; and load duties other than Tension-Tension (TT) such as Out-Of-Plane Bending (OPB), In-Plane-Bending (IPB) and Bending-Tension (BT). The objective of the investigations conducted by AMOG Consulting following completion of the Chain FEARS JIP research was to explore the extent to which the developed fatigue method could be applied more universally to address these emergent factors as they pertained to residual fatigue life. Application of the method identified a number of trends in fatigue performance for links subject to hawse pipe and fairlead interaction, and demonstrated good correlation against available guidance on fairlead performance and against OPB fatigue test data. The investigation confirms that the first principles FEA fatigue method can be applied more universally to successfully address a broader spectrum of emergent factors experienced in-field relating to fatigue life reduction.
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Vargas, Pedro, and Philippe Jean. "FEA of Out-of-Plane Fatigue Mechanism of Chain Links." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67354.

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Abstract:
Several mooring chains of an off-loading buoy failed after only 8 months of service. These chains were designed according to conventional fatigue assessment using API RP 2SK T-N curves to a fatigue life of 20 years with a factor of safety equal to 3 on life. Of particular interest is that the mooring chain failure underwent significant mooring chain motions that caused interlink rotations. Although traditionally neglected, these interlink rotations, when combined with significant chain tensions can cause bending stresses in the chain links. In this paper we identify a mechanism, here identified as Out-of-Plane Bending (OPB) that explains the extensive fatigue damage causing the mooring chains of the off-loading buoy to fail. A previous paper [4] presented experimental results of applying inter-link rotation to a pre-tensioned chain. Various pretension levels were used, with instrumentation to extract link angles and chain link stresses. In this paper, the physics of the OPB mechanism is examined through finite element models of the 124mm chain link tests. The various modes of interlink rotation are examined. The proof loading procedure that the chain undergoes at manufacture is identified as a likely cause for creating a tightly mated surface that is conducive to activating the OPB mechanism. To comply with Single Buoy Moorings (SBM) requirements addressing publication of internal research, many of the graphs included in this paper have had the stress values removed from the y-axis. However, with SBM’s management approval, some numerical references to stress amplitudes remain in the text. Overall, this limitation does not detract from the study, trends are evident and relevant comparisons can be made.
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Reports on the topic "OPB"

1

Amzeri, Achmad, Kaswan Badami, and Gita Pawana. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.). Innovative Scientific Information & Services Network, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2019.1.

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Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.
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2

Sochat, V. RSE-Ops. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1806426.

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3

Clemens, S., and N. Gilby. Life Study Birth Component Opt-in Study: Pilot: Opt-in fieldwork. Ipsos MORI Social Research Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/000.rp.1485698.

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4

Fisher, Fred H. Support for FLIP/ORB. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada310794.

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5

Moir, Nate. Influencing Coin Ops through PSYOP. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494887.

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6

Arends, R., M. Kosters, and D. Blacka. DNS Security (DNSSEC) Opt-In. RFC Editor, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4956.

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7

Krovetz, T., and P. Rogaway. The OCB Authenticated-Encryption Algorithm. RFC Editor, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc7253.

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Seybold, Patricia. Will Microsoft Co-Opt Linux, Too? Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/psgp6-19-03cc.

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9

Richter, Henning. Nano-composite Structures for OPV Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/993096.

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10

Watson, Kenneth M., and Fred H. Fisher. Research Platforms FLIP and ORB Support. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265910.

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