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Qi, Yige, Ting Yan, Lu Chen, Qiang Zhang, Weishu Wang, Xu Han, Dangdang Li, Jinming Shi, and Guangchao Sui. "Characterization of YY1 OPB Peptide for its Anticancer Activity." Current Cancer Drug Targets 19, no. 6 (June 21, 2019): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009618666181031153151.
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Background:The oncoprotein binding (OPB) domain of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) consists of 26 amino acids between G201 and S226, and is involved in YY1 interaction with multiple oncogene products, including MDM2, AKT, EZH2 and E1A. Through the OPB domain, YY1 promotes the oncogenic or proliferative regulation of these oncoproteins in cancer cells. We previously demonstrated that a peptide with the OPB sequence blocked YY1-AKT interaction and inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation.Objective:In the current study, we characterized the OPB domain and determined a minimal region for peptide design to suppress cancer cellMethods:Using alanine-scan method, we identified that the amino acids at OPB C-terminal are essential to YY1 binding to AKT. Further studies suggested that serine and threonine residues, but not lysines, in OPB play a key role in YY1-AKT interaction. We generated GFP fusion expression vectors to express OPB peptides with serially deleted N-terminal and found that OPB1 (i.e. G201-S226) is cytoplasmic, but OPB2 (i.e. E206-S226), OPB3 (i.e. E206-S226) and control peptide were both nuclear and cytoplasmic.Results:Both OPB1 and 2 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, but OPB3 exhibited similar effects to control. OPB1 and 2 caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, increased p53 and p21 expression, and reduced AKT(S473) phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells, but not in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusion:: Overall, the serines and threonines of OPB are essential to YY1 binding to oncoproteins, and OPB peptide can be minimized to E206-S226 that maintain inhibitory activity to YY1- promoted cell proliferation.
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Suryadi, Suryadi, Alice Yuniaty, and Agus Hery Susanto. "Genetic Diversity Among Three Cultivars Of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based On Rapd Markers." BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 1, no. 2 (November 4, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2019.1.2.1709.
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Peanut (Arachis hypogea) is a typical plant species of tropical regions that has high economic value. The plantation is widely spread over many areas and the production is being pushed to meet the increasing demand. Peanut breeding program is aimed to improve genetic quality, mainly with resepct of production and thus information on genetic diversity is necessary as a basis for consideration in breeding, management and sustainable utilization. One approach to analyse genetic diversity of peanut is by using molecular markers. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a widely used molecular marker for genetic diversity analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess genetic diversity of peanut cultivars, i.e. Jerapah, Kancil, and Hypoma 2, based on RAPD markers. The study was conducted in a survey method, in which three individuals of each cultivar were analyzed using PCR-RAPD technique employing twelve primers, i.e. OPA-1, OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-3, OPB-4, OPB-5, OPB-7, OPB-11, OPB-12 and OPJ-07. Data analysis based on morphological data is also included. Molecular analysis revealed that only 7.55% polymorphic band was obtained, while most of the bands were monomorphic, indicating very low variation among the cultivars. The phenogram that constructed based on literature showed that Kancil was closer to Jerapah cultivar, while RAPD-based dendogram showed that Hypoma 2 was closer to Kancil cultivar.
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Mayangsari, Retno, Agus Hery Susanto, and Alice Yuniaty. "Profil RAPD Tanaman Kantung Semar Beberapa Koleksi Kebun Raya Baturraden." Biosfera 34, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.2.484.
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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang profil RAPD beberapa tanaman kantung semar (Nepenthes spp.) koleksi Kebun Raya Baturraden. Tujuh individu yang dipelajari merupakan spesies semiendemik Gunung Slamet dan endemik Jawa, yaitu N. adrianii dan N. gymnampora. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak. DNA genomik sampel diekstraksi untuk kemudian digunakan sebagai templat dalam amplifikasi marka RAPD menggunakan teknik PCR dengan 10 primer acak, yaitu ES10G23, ES10A26, ES10C24, ES10G33, OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-3, OPB-5, dan OPB-7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ke-10 primer tersebut menghasilkan 43 (67,2%) pita polimorfik dan 21 (32,8%) pita monomorfik dengan ukuran berkisar dari 130 hingga 1.500 bp. OPA-2 and OPB-3 menghasilkan polimorfisme tertinggi, sedangkan ES10G23 dan OPA-13 menghasilkan pita monomorfik terbanyak. Dendogram yang dikonstruksi menggunakan UPGMA dalam MEGA 6.06 memperlihatkan bahwa dua klaster terbentuk pada jarak genetik 18%. Kedua klaster tersebut cenderung dipisahkan oleh lokasi geografi.
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Maesaroh, Arini, Adi Amurwanto, and Alice Yuniaty. "ANALISIS RAPD KECIPIR POLONG PANJANG Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC HASIL MUTASI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA." Scripta Biologica 1, no. 1 (March 25, 2014): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.11.
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Winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] is a tropical plant that has some benefits and is very suitable to be cultivated in Indonesia. Study about diversity of winged bean is very important to support the future development of winged bean. Increased genetic diversity can be done through mutation. Gamma ray is often used for inducting mutations. One of way to observe genetic diversity resulted by molecular mutation is using RAPD method. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of winged bean resulted by gamma ray irradiation. The method used in this study was an experiment by using RAPD technique. Samples used were plant leaves that had been induced by gamma ray with a wavelength of 20 Gy, 25 Gy, and control plants that were not induced by gamma ray. RAPD were done by ten primers that were OPA 9, OPA 10, OPA 13, OPA 18, OPB 2, 3 OPB, OPB 6, 7 OPB, OPB 10, and OPB 11. Data were analyzed using GenAlex 6.1 Program. The percentage of polymorphic loci of winged bean population control was 47,54%, while in the 20 and 25 Gy treatment were 62,30% and 54,10%, respectively. The values of genetic variation based on the calculation of allele frequencies were 0,236; 0,202 and 0,194 for treatment of 20 Gy, 25 Gy and for control plants, respectively. Meanwhile, the value of genetic distance ranged from 0.08 to 0.32.
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SODERO, ANA CAROLINA R., ANA CAROLINA G. O. DOS SANTOS, JULIANA F. R. E. MELLO, JÉSSICA B. DE JESUS, ALESSANDRA M. T. DE SOUZA, MARIA ISABEL C. RODRIGUES, SALVATORE G. DE SIMONE, CARLOS R. RODRIGUES, and HERBERT L. DE MATOS GUEDES. "Oligopeptidase B and B2: comparative modelling and virtual screening as searching tools for new antileishmanial compounds." Parasitology 144, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 536–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016002237.
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SUMMARYLeishmaniasis are diseases caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted to humans by the bite of infected insects of the subfamily Phlebotominae. Current drug therapy shows high toxicity and severe adverse effects. Recently, two oligopeptidases (OPBs) were identified in Leishmania amazonensis, namely oligopeptidase B (OPB) and oligopeptidase B2 (OPB2). These OPBs could be ideal targets, since both enzymes are expressed in all parasite lifecycle and were not identified in human. This work aimed to identify possible dual inhibitors of OPB and OPB2 from L. amazonensis. The three-dimensional structures of both enzymes were built by comparative modelling and used to perform a virtual screening of ZINC database by DOCK Blaster server. It is the first time that OPB models from L. amazonensis are used to virtual screening approach. Four hundred compounds were identified as possible inhibitors to each enzyme. The top scored compounds were submitted to refinement by AutoDock program. The best results suggest that compounds interact with important residues, as Tyr490, Glu612 and Arg655 (OPB numbers). The identified compounds showed better results than antipain and drugs currently used against leishmaniasis when ADMET in silico were performed. These compounds could be explored in order to find dual inhibitors of OPB and OPB2 from L. amazonensis.
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S. PANDIN, DONATA. "KERAGAMAN GENETIK KELAPA DALAM BALI (DBI) DAN DALAM SAWARNA (DSA) BERDASARKAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD)." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 16, no. 2 (June 19, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v16n2.2010.83-89.
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<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Keragaman genetik dan hubungan kekerabatan dalam populasikelapa Dalam Bali (DBI) dan Dalam Sawarna (DSA) dianalisismenggunakan penanda RAPD. Penelitian dilaksanakan di LaboratoriumBiologi Tumbuhan, Pusat Penelitian Sumber Daya Hayati danBioteknologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor pada Februari-Mei 2007. Bahanyang digunakan dalam penelitian sebanyak 10 individu dari masing-masing populasi. Primer acak digunakan dalam analisis terdiri atas 10primer -10 mer yaitu OPA-02, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-13, OPA-20,OPB-08, OPB-11, OPB-12, OPB-15, OPB-20. DNA diekstraksimenggunakan metode Rohde yang telah dimodifikasi, konsentrasiditetapkan menggunakan metode Sambrook. Untuk melihat tingkatkekerabatan antar individu berdasarkan pola pita RAPD dari setiap primerdigunakan program NTsys ver. 2,0 (Program Numerical Taxonomy andMultivariate Analysis), sedangkan untuk analisis gerombol digunakanmetode UPGMA untuk membuat dendogram. Koefisien keragaman antarindividu dalam populasi kelapa DBI berkisar antara 2,4% – 30,7% denganrata-rata 21,7%, dan untuk populasi kelapa DSA antara 1,5% – 22,4%dengan rata-rata 12,7%. Jarak genetik individu-individu dalam populasikelapa Dalam Bali (DBI) cukup jauh menunjukkan bahwa keragamangenetik dalam populasi Dalam Bali masih tinggi, sehingga seleksi untukmaksud perbaikan sifat masih sangat memungkinkan. Pada populasikelapa Dalam Sawarna (DSA) jarak genetik individu-individu dalam sudahsemakin sempit, artinya keanekaragaman genetik antar individu di dalampopulasi DSA sudah sangat rendah oleh karena itu seleksi untuk maksudperbaikan sifat harus dilakukan dengan selektif. Hubungan kekerabatanantar populasi kelapa Dalam Bali dan Dalam Sawarna sebesar 44% artinyajarak genetik kedua populasi ini cukup jauh yaitu 56%. Sehingga jikaindividu-individu terseleksi dari kedua populasi tersebut disilangkan, akandiperoleh keturunan yang memilikinilai heterosis tinggi.</p><p>Kata kunci: Kelapa Dalam Bali, kelapa Dalam Sawarna, keragamangenetik, hubungan kekerabatan, RAPD</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Genetic Diversity of Bali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall(DSA) Coconuts Based on Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA (RAPD</p><p>)Genetic Diversity of Bali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall (DSA)coconuts based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) wasobserved. Ten plants were used in each population. The objectives of thisresearch were to determine genetic diversity within-and inter-population ofBali Tall (DBI) and Sawarna Tall (DSA) coconuts, and geneticrelationship of those population based on RAPD (Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA). Research was done in Plant Biology Laboratory ofCenter Research of Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, InstitutPertanian Bogor, February – May 2007. DNA extraction was done bymodified Rohde method and to determine the concentration and quality ofDNA by Sambrook method. Ten RAPD 10-mer were used namely OPA-02, OPA-08, OPA-10, OPA-13, OPA-20, OPB-08, OPB-11, OPB-12,OPB-15, OPB-20. To find out the level of genetic relationship betweenindividuals based on RAPD banding pattern of each primer, we usedNTsys program ver. 2.0 (program Numerical Taxonomy and MultivariateAnalysis System), whereas for the analysis of clustering UPGMA methodis used to create a dendogram. These ten RAPD primers could separateDBI and DSA in each group. Genetic diversity within-population of BaliTall coconut population varied from 2.4 to 30.7% with average of 21.7%.So that, opportunity to improve characters in DBI coconut populationcould be done by selection. Genetic diversity within-population ofSawarna Tall coconut population progressively was narrow, ranging from1.5 to 12.4% with average 12.7%, so the selection in order to do characterimprovement in this population could be done selectively. Geneticrelationship between DBI dan DSA populations was far enough (54%), sothe crossing between those population will be good for charactersimprovment.</p><p>Key words : Bali Tall coconut, Sawarna Tall coconut, genetic diversity,genetic relationship, RAPD</p>
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Vieira, Antonio, José Fernando Piva Lobato, Roberto Augusto de Almeida Torres Junior, Ivo Martins Cezar, and Eduardo Simões Correa. "Fatores determinantes do desempenho reprodutivo de vacas Nelore na região dos Cerrados do Brasil Central." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 34, no. 6 suppl (December 2005): 2408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982005000700029.
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Avaliou-se, durante quatro estações de monta (1/11 a 31/1 do ano seguinte), o efeito da ordem de parto (OP) e da condição corporal (CC), segundo escala de 1 (magra) a 5 (gorda), sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de 468 fêmeas Nelore, sendo 391 vacas multíparas e 77 primíparas, em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, na região dos Cerrados, no Brasil Central. A OP teve efeito quadrático na taxa de prenhez (TP). Vacas OP1 apresentaram TP de 69%, OP5 a OP8 de 90%, com declínio gradual até 80% de prenhez na OP12. A CC à desmama afetou a TP. Pela análise de regressão, vacas OP1 com CC 2,0 e 3,5 tiveram TP de 52,7 e 82,5%, respectivamente. Observou-se TP DE 96% em vacas com OP4 e OP8 e CC 3,5. A TP de vacas OP1 com parição tardia foi de 37,7%, mas, independentemente da OP, vacas que pariram no início da temporada tiveram TP superiores a 80%. Vacas OP1 pariram 350,12 dias após o início da monta, enquanto aquelas com OP superiores, necessitaram de 328,32 dias. Vacas OP1 apresentaram o mais longo intervalo de partos (IP), com 392,10 dias, ao passo que o IP das OP5 a OP9 foi de 365 dias. O IP foi afetado pelo ano, pela OP, pelo número de dias necessários para parir na estação de parição e pela variação de peso na estação de cobrição. O peso vivo e a CC das vacas à desmama foram afetados pela OP e pelo ano. O peso à desmama (PD) do bezerro aumentou da OP1 até a OP4/OP5, de modo que as vacas OP1 proporcionaram PD de 159 kg e a média dos PD das OP foi de 169 kg. Altos índices produtivos e reprodutivos são obtidos entre OP3 e OP8 com CC acima de 3,0 e 3,5 em vacas Nelore multíparas e prímaparas, respectivamente.
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Donato, Marcela, Camila Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro, Jane Mara Block, and Itaciara Larroza Nunes. "Efeito da adição de óleo de palma bruto nanoencapsulado na estabilidade oxidativa de molho para salada em teste de oxidação acelerada." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): e4229107841. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.7841.
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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de óleo de palma bruto nanoencapsulado (OPB-NE) como antioxidante em molho para salada em teste de oxidação acelerada (Schaal Oven Test). O OPB-NE foi caracterizado quanto a eficiência de encapsulamento (EE), tamanho de partícula (TP), potencial Zeta (pZ) e índice de polidispersibilidade (PDI). O Óleo de palma bruto livre (OPB-L) e OPB-NE foram avaliados quanto aos carotenoides totais (CT) e atividade antioxidante (AA). Foram desenvolvidos três molhos para salada sabor mostarda (A-molho base controle/B-molho base + OPB-NE/C-molho base + BHA e BHT). Nos molhos foram determinadas a composição centesimal e o teor de CT. OPB-L, OBP-NE e os molhos foram submetidos ao Schaal Oven Test em estufa (60 ± 5º C/15 dias/circulação de ar). Após este período os índices de acidez (IA), peróxidos (IP) e dienos (DC) e trienos (TC) conjugados foram determinados. O OPB-NE apresentou EE de 95,66%, TP de 0,29 µm, heterogeneidade de tamanhos de partícula (PDI 1,00), pZ de -41,80 mV, e 12,11% de AA. O OPB-NE e o molho B apresentaram teor de CT de 561,77 ± 10,97 e 442,31 ± 12,14 µg.g-1, respectivamente. Os molhos não tiveram diferença na composição centesimal. OPB-NE apresentou maior IA do que o OPB-L, valores de IP e DC inferiores, e TC semelhantes ao final de 15 dias. Nos molhos houve diferença apenas no IP, com maior estabilidade do molho C, seguido pelo B, mais estável que o A. Concluiu-se que o OPB-NE pode ser uma alternativa aos antioxidantes sintéticos BHA e BHT em molhos para salada.
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Tanudharma, Gabriella Ashari, Nurtjahjo Dwi Sasongko, and Alice Yuniaty. "Molecular Phylogeny of Sunflower Cultivars of Teddy Bear, Skyscraper, Lemon Queen and Common Sunflower Using RAPD Markers." BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 2, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1762.
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Helianthus or sunflower is a genus of plant comprising about 70 species. Common sunflower and other members of Helianthae are cultivated in temperate regions and some tropical regions as food crops for humans, cattle, poultry, and as ornamental plants. The common sunflower is valuable with respect of economic and ornamental point of view. There are many cultivars of sunflower including teddy bear, skyscraper, and lemon queen. Variation among these cultivars has been studied using molecular techniques and the result were used to develop the phylogeny among them. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of molecular techniques that were used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to contruct the phylogeny of three sunflower cultivars and common sunflower based on RAPD markers. The RAPD primers used in this study were OPA-2, OPA-9, OPA-13, OPB-2, OPB-4, OPB5, OPB-7, and OPB-11. Data analysis based on molecular data showed that genetic relationship among Lemon Queen, Skyscraper, Teddy Bear and Common sunflower based on RAPD markers shows that the cultivars studied are grouped into three main groups, namely: Group I Lemon Queen and Skyscraper, Group II Teddy Bear, and Group III Common sunflower; the closest kinship is shown between Lemon Queen and Skyscraper.
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Sorbera, L. A., and J. Castañer. "OPB-2045." Drugs of the Future 24, no. 2 (1999): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dof.1999.024.02.482254.
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Kastaniotis, Alexander J., Thomas A. Mennella, Christian Konrad, Ana M. Rodriguez Torres, and Richard S. Zitomer. "Roles of Transcription Factor Mot3 and Chromatin in Repression of the Hypoxic Gene ANB1 in Yeast." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 19 (October 1, 2000): 7088–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.19.7088-7098.2000.
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ABSTRACT The hypoxic genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are repressed by a complex consisting of the aerobically expressed, sequence-specific DNA-binding protein Rox1 and the Tup1-Ssn6 general repressors. The regulatory region of one well-studied hypoxic gene,ANB1, is comprised of two operators, OpA and OpB, each of which has two strong Rox1 binding sites, yet OpA represses transcription almost 10 times more effectively than OpB. We show here that this difference is due to the presence of a Mot3 binding site in OpA. Mutations in this site reduced OpA repression to OpB levels, and the addition of a Mot3 binding site to OpB enhanced repression. Deletion of the mot3 gene also resulted in reduced repression of ANB1. Repression of two other hypoxic genes in which Mot3 sites were associated with Rox1 sites was reduced in the deletion strain, but other hypoxic genes were unaffected. In addition, the mot3Δ mutation caused a partial derepression of the Mig1–Tup1-Ssn6-repressed SUC2 gene, but not the α2–Mcm1–Tup1-Ssn6-repressed STE2 gene. The Mot3 protein was demonstrated to bind to the ANB1 OpA in vitro. Competition experiments indicated that there was no interaction between Rox1 and Mot3, indicating that Mot3 functions either in Tup1-Ssn6 recruitment or directly in repression. A great deal of evidence has accumulated suggesting that the Tup1-Ssn6 complex represses transcription through both nucleosome positioning and a direct interaction with the basal transcriptional machinery. We demonstrate here that under repressed conditions a nucleosome is positioned over the TATA box in the wild-type ANB1promoter. This nucleosome was absent in cells carrying arox1, tup1, or mot3 deletion, all of which cause some degree of derepression. Interestingly, however, this positioned nucleosome was also lost in a cell carrying a deletion of the N-terminal coding region of histone H4, yet ANB1expression remained fully repressed. A similar deletion in the gene for histone H3, which had no effect on repression, had only a minor effect on the positioned nucleosome. These results indicate that the nucleosome phasing on the ANB1 promoter caused by the Rox1–Mot3–Tup1-Ssn6 complex is either completely redundant with a chromatin-independent repression mechanism or, less likely, plays no role in repression at all.
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MIYATA, TOSHIO, YASUHIKO UEDA, KOICHI ASAHI, YUKO IZUHARA, REIKO INAGI, AKIRA SAITO, CHARLES VAN YPERSELE DE STRIHOU, and KIYOSHI KUROKAWA. "Mechanism of the Inhibitory Effect of OPB-9195 [(±)-2-Isopropylidenehydrazono-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylacetanilide] on Advanced Glycation End Product and Advanced Lipoxidation End Product Formation." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 11, no. 9 (September 2000): 1719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v1191719.
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Abstract.The accumulation in uremic plasma of reactive carbonyl compounds (RCO) derived from both carbohydrates and lipids (“carbonyl stress”) contributes to uremic toxicity by accelerating the advanced glycation and lipoxidation of proteins. It was previously demonstrated that OPB-9195 [(±)-2-isopropylidenehydrazono-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylacetanilide] inhibited thein vitroformation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) in uremic plasma. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of action of OPB-9195 by further delineating the AGE and advanced lipoxidation end product (ALE) precursors targeted by this drug. The inhibitory effects of OPB-9195 on the formation of two AGE (Nϵ-carboxymethyllysine and pentosidine) on bovine serum albumin incubated with various AGE precursors were examined. Inhibition ofNϵ-carboxymethyllysine and pentosidine formation with OPB-9195 was more efficient than with aminoguanidine. OPB-9195 also proved effective in blocking the carbonyl amine chemical processes involved in the formation of two ALE (malondial-dehyde-lysine and 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adduct). The efficiency of OPB-9195 was similar to that of aminoguanidine. When glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid was incubated in the presence of OPB-9195, a similar inhibition of AGE formation was observed. The direct effect of OPB-9195 on major glucose-derived RCO in peritoneal dialysis fluids was then evaluated. The effects of OPB-9195 could be accounted for by its ability to trap RCO. The concentrations of three major glucose-derived RCO (glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and 3-deoxy-glucosone) were significantly lower in the presence of OPB-9195 than in its absence. Aminoguanidine had a similar effect. In conclusion, OPB-9195 inhibits both AGE and ALE formation, probably through its ability to trap RCO. OPB-9195 might prove to be a useful tool to inhibit some of the effects of RCO-related uremic toxicity.
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Martono, Budi, and Laba Udarno. "Keragaman Genetik Beberapa Genotipe Teh Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)." Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v1n1.2014.p1-6.
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<p>Informasi keragaman genetik dan ketersediaan plasma nutfah teh (Camellia sinensis) diperlukan dalam perakitan varietas unggul. Keragaman genetik berdasarkan penanda DNA dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih konsisten karena tidak dipengaruhi lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 9 genotipe teh dianalisis keragamannya menggunakan enam penanda RAPD (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, dan OPD 08). Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2013 di Laboratorium Terpadu Biotrop Bogor. Perhitungan koefisien kesamaan genetik dan analisis gerombol dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak NTSYSpc versi 2.02. Sebanyak 54 lokus penanda RAPD berhasil diamplifikasi menggunakan enam primer dan 47 lokus di antaranya memiliki alel yang polimorfik (87,04%). Hasil analisis gerombol berdasarkan kesamaan genetiknya mengelompokkan 9 genotipe ke dalam enam kelompok. Empat kelompok (I, II, IV, V) masing-masing terdiri atas satu genotipe, sementara dua kelompok yang lain yaitu kelompok III dan VI masing-masing beranggotakan tiga dan dua genotipe.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Camellia sinensis, diversitas genetik, penanda RAPD</p><p>The availability of diverse tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasms as well as the information about their genetic diversity is required for plant breeding program. Genetic diversity analysis based on DNA marker is known to be more effective since the markers provide more consistent results. In this study, nine tea genotypes were evaluated for their genetic diversity using six Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08). The study was conducted from March to May 2013 in the Integrated Laboratory of Biotrop Bogor. The estimation of genetic similarity and the cluster analysis were done using NTSYSpc version 2.02. Of the six RAPD markers used in this study, a total of 54 RAPD marker loci have been successfully amplified. In which, 47 loci (87.04%) were polymorphic and subsequently used for the evaluation of tea genotypes. The results of cluster analysis showed that those tea genotypes were clustered into six groups. Each of four groups (I, II, IV, V) consisted of only one genotype. Meanwhile, the other two groups (III and VI) had three and two genotypes, respectively.</p>
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Lv, Yiqing, Xiuqing Qiao, Jie Leng, Yuanhua Zheng, and Qingke Guo. "Mindfulness Promotes Online Prosocial Behavior via Cognitive Empathy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137017.
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Mindfulness plays an important role in promoting prosocial behavior and well-being. With the spread of Internet usage, people’s online prosocial behavior (OPB) has garnered great attention. Based on the link between online and offline behaviors, we predict that mindfulness can also facilitate OPB. We examined the association of mindfulness and OPB and the mediating effect of empathy. A total of 674 Chinese undergraduate students completed self-report measures of these constructs. The results showed that different dimensions of mindfulness predicted empathy, which in turn predicted OPB. Perspective taking was the main mediator in the mindfulness-OPB link. Mindfulness improves receptiveness to others’ needs and feelings, thereby enhancing the willingness to help them, even in none-face-to-face situations.
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Nadifah, Fitri, and Budi Setiadi Daryono. "The Genetic Variations And Relationship of Madura Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Based on Molecular Characteristics." Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology 21, no. 2 (October 28, 2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.10582.
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Madura has at least 22 genotypes of local tobaccos (Nicotiana tabacum L.). This diversity could potentially produce new genotype of tobaccos with superior characters. However, information of the genetic diversity of Madura tobaccos is still limited. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation and relationship of 24 genotypes of Madura tobaccos with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. In this research we were used 6 single primers for amplification: (OPA-18, OPB-12, OPB-14, OPC-1, OPC-8 and OPC-19) and 2 mixture primers ((OPB-12+OPC-8) and (OPC-1+OPC-19)). Genetic similarity and clustering was analyzed with Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) method with Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) version 2.10 software. From this research we found that OPA18425, OPB12450, OPC8500, (OPC19+OPC1)550 and OPC8800 can be used as specific markers. Polymorphic bands percentage with mixture primers was relatively equal with single primers (<60%). The dendogram showed that Madura tobacco genotypes consist of 2 main clusters: cluster A (22 genotypes) and cluster B (2 genotypes: Bukabu Sa’ang and Prancak-95). Madura tobaccos had high genetic similarity between genotypes ranging from 0.80-1.00.
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Mahon, R. T., H. M. Dainer, M. G. Gibellato, and S. E. Soutiere. "Short oxygen prebreathe periods reduce or prevent severe decompression sickness in a 70-kg swine saturation model." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 4 (April 2009): 1459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91058.2008.
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Disabled submarine (DISSUB) survivors are expected to achieve saturation with inert gas. However, rescue procedures may not accommodate staged decompression, raising the potential for severe decompression sickness (DCS). Alternatives to standard recompression therapy are needed. It has been demonstrated in humans that isobaric oxygen “prebreathing” (OPB) can accelerate decompression in a DISSUB scenario. In-70 kg swine saturated at 2.82 atm absolute (ATA), 1 h of OPB eliminated death and reduced severe DCS. We hypothesized that even shorter periods (<1 h) of OPB before no-stop decompression from saturation at 2.82 ATA could reduce the incidence of DCS in a large animal model. Catheterized Yorkshire swine (68.8 ± 1.7 kg) in individual Plexiglas boxes within a large animal hyperbaric chamber were compressed to 2.82 ATA for 22 h. Following saturation and while still at depth, breathing gas was switched to >95% O2 for 45 min (OPB45), 15 min (OPB15), or 5 min (OPB05) of OPB, or no OPB (control). The chamber was then decompressed without stops (0.91 ATA/min). Observers then entered the chamber and recorded signs of DCS for 2 h. All OPB periods significantly reduced the risk of developing type II DCS. OPB45 eliminated severe DCS. Controls had a 2.5 times greater risk of developing type II DCS than OPB05 ( P = 0.016). OPB45 and OPB15 significantly reduced type I DCS compared with controls. These results support the potential of OPB as an alternative to staged decompression and that OPB could be expected to improve outcome in a DISSUB rescue scenario.
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Siidra, O. I., D. Yu Zenko, A. N. Suknotova, and S. V. Krivovichev. "Crystal structure of a novel synthetic compound, Pb2O(OH)I, and structure refinement of ‘iodolaurionite’, Pb(OH)I: hydroxo- and oxocentred units in Pb minerals and synthetic compounds." Mineralogical Magazine 77, no. 8 (December 2013): 3239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2013.077.8.14.
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AbstractYellow needles of 'iodolaurionite', Pb(OH)I, and a novel compound Pb2O(OH)I, have been prepared by hydrothermal reactions of PbO and PbI2 at 170°C. The crystal structure of 'iodolaurionite', Pb(OH)I (orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 7.8244(8), b = 4.2107(4), c = 10.4724(10) Å, V = 345.03(6) Å3, Z = 4) has been refined to R1 = 0.041 for 129 independent observed reflections. The structure is based on the OHPb3 triangles sharing common edges to produce single [OHPb]+ chains extending along the b axis and parallel to the ab plane. The three-dimensional integrity of the structure is provided by the Pb–I bonds and the O–H···I hydrogen bonding. The structure is isotypic with that of laurionite, Pb(OH)Cl. The crystal structure of Pb2O(OH)I (monoclinic, C2/m, a = 13.711(3), b = 4.0975(10), c = 9.584(2) Å, β = 110.64(1)°, V = 503.9(2) Å3, Z = 4), has been solved by direct methods and refined to R1 = 0.053 for 586 independent observed reflections. In the structure of Pb2O(OH)I, O(1)Pb4 tetrahedra link together by sharing edges and corners to form [OPb2]2+ chains similar to those observed in sidpietersite. The O(2) atoms belong to hydroxyl groups attached to both sides of the chains to produce novel [O(OH)Pb2]+ 1D units. The [O(OH)Pb2]+ units are extended parallel to the b axis and lie within the bc plane. The [O(OH)Pb2]+ units are linked together via hydrogen bonding in the (100) plane and by weak Pb–I bonds in the [100] direction. The [O(OH)Pb2]+ bands can be obtained from the [OPb] layer of OPb4 tetrahedra present in the structure of tetragonal PbO (litharge). The continuous [OPb] layer has to be broken into [O2Pb2] bands containing 3- and 4-coordinated O atoms in the 1:1 ratio with subsequent protonation of the 3-coordinated O sites. Relations of Pb(OH)I and Pb2O(OH)I to known Pb hydroxy- and oxyhalides are described briefly.
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MARTIANSYAH, IRFAN, NURHAIMI HARIS, TATI HUSNIYATI, and EDI DJAUHARI PURWAKUSUMAH. "Genetic Variation Analysis of Hevea brasiliensis Genotype Population of In Vitro Micro-Cutting Culture by RAPD Marker." Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati 4, no. 2 (August 12, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jsdh.4.2.57-62.
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The rubber seeds are insufficient for producing rootstocks to rubber grafting. It can be overcome by an in vitro micro-cutting culture technique developed in the Indonesian Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioindustry (IRIBB). However, the origin clone of 57 rubber genotypes used as an explant source in vitro micro-cutting culture is not recognized. The study was to investigate the 57 genotypes that came from mixed GT 1, PB 260, and RRIM 600 as parent clones. We investigated using seven primers of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), i.e., OPA 02, OPA 07, OPA 15, OPB 04, OPC 05, OPC 11, and OPC 20. The qualitative analyzed by electrophoresis 1% gel agarose. A total of 47 DNA fragments produced with an average of 7 fragments per primer. OPA 02 generated of 13 fragments, whereas OPB 04 only one fragment. The DNA fragment pattern shows the presence of polymorphism. The genetic similarity coefficients obtained in the range of 62-96%. The highest genetic similarity (96%) is genotype 70 and 78. It recognized that 42 genotypes from 57 rubber genotypes had the closest relationship with PB 260 clones. Furthermore, six genotypes had a significant growth response as an explant in vitro micro-cutting culture.
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Yi, Cheng, Guangyue Li, Wenmeng Wang, Yixuan Sun, Yueling Zhang, Chen Zhong, Daniel B. Stovall, Dangdang Li, Jinming Shi, and Guangchao Sui. "Disruption of YY1-EZH2 Interaction Using Synthetic Peptides Inhibits Breast Cancer Development." Cancers 13, no. 10 (May 16, 2021): 2402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102402.
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Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a methyltransferase to mediate lysine 27 trimethylation in histone H3 (i.e., H3K27me3) and repress gene expression. In solid tumors, EZH2 promotes oncogenesis and is considered a therapeutic target. As a transcription factor, Yin Yang 1 (YY1) recruits EZH2 through its oncoprotein binding (OPB) domain to establish gene repression. In this study, we mapped the YY1 protein binding (YPB) domain on EZH2 to a region of 27 amino acids. Both YPB and OPB domain synthetic peptides could disrupt YY1EZH2 interaction, markedly reduce breast cancer cell viability, and efficiently inhibit tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. We analyzed MDA-MB-231 cells treated with YPB, OPB, and control peptides by chromatin immunoprecipitation DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) using an antibody against H3K27me3. YPB and OPB treatments altered H3K27me3 on 465 and 1137 genes, respectively, compared to the control. Of these genes, 145 overlapped between the two peptides. Among them, PTENP1, the PTEN pseudogene, showed reduced H3K27me3 signal when treated by either YPB or OPB peptide. Consistently, the two peptides enhanced both PTENP1 and PTEN expression with concomitantly reduced AKT activation. Further studies validated PTENP1′s contribution to the anticancer activity of YPB and OPB peptides.
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Hayakawa, Fumihiko, Keiki Sugimoto, Shingo Kurahashi, Takumi Sumida, and Tomoki Naoe. "A Novel STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121 Induces Tumor-Specific Growth Inhibition in a Wide Range of Hematopoietic Malignancies without Growth Suppression of Normal Hematopoietic Cells." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.577.577.
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Abstract Abstract 577 Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins are extracellular ligand-responsive transcription factors that mediate a wide range of biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, development, and immune response. Stimulation with cytokines or growth factors results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins via activation of upstream tyrosine kinases like JAK family kinases and Src family kinases. Activated STAT proteins translocate to the nucleus and regulate gene expression through direct binding to the promoters of responsive genes. STAT3 is widely recognized as being a master regulator of the cellular functions that lead to the cancer phenotype. Constitutive activation of STAT3 is observed in a broad spectrum of human cancers and induces uncontrolled cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance. It has been identified as a promising target for anti-tumor drug, but to date most of the trials to block STAT-signaling were the inhibition of upstream kinases like JAK family kinases, especially in clinical trials. Here, we report a novel STAT3 inhibitor, OPB-31121, that has no inhibitory effect on kinases including JAK family kinases and Src family kinases. In HEL92.1.7 cells with constitutively active mutation of JAK2, OPB-31121 treatment inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 without inhibition of JAK2 phosphorylation (Figure A). Src-dependent constitutive phosphorylation of STAT3 was also inhibited by OPB-31121 without inhibition of Src in H1650 cells that had active mutantation of EGF receptor. In addition, STAT3 immunoprecipitated from OPB-31121-treated cells was neither phosphorylated by JAK2 nor Lyn, a Src family kinase, in vitro without decrease in auto phosphorylation of upstream kinases, OPB-31121 demonstrated strong growth inhibitory effect (IC50 < 10 nM) in cell lines of a wide range of cancer especially hematopoietic malignancies including myeloma, AML with JAK2 mutation and CML. It is revealed that STAT3 is constitutively activated by oncogenic autocrine of IL-6 pathway or tyrosine kinase signal from oncoprotein in these cell lines. We also demonstrated growth inhibition or reduction of cell lines including HEL92.1.7 (AML with JAK2 mutation, T/C: 16%), KU812 (CML, T/C: 2%), and TCCy/sr (ALL positive for BCR-ABL with T315I mutation, T/C: 5.9%) in NOD/SCID mice. For further analyses, we used human leukemia model mice where clinical samples of human leukemia were transplanted into NOD/SCID/IL2-Rgammac−/− (NOG) mice and could be maintained by serial transplantation. In this system, heterogeneity and hierarchy of differentiation of leukemia cells, if they had, are maintained. OPB-31121 induced significant growth reduction of leukemia cells of BCR-ABL-positive ALL (T/C: 4%, Figure B), CML-BC with T315I mutation in BCR-ABL (T/C: 15.3%), and AML (T/C: 15.9%). Notably, OPB-31121-induced growth reduction was extremely selective for leukemia cells. Normal hematopoietic cells of mice were hardly affected by OPB-31121, whereas, cytarabine showed non-specific growth suppression of both leukemia cells and normal hematopoietic cells (Figure C). The safety of OPB-31121 on normal hematopoietic cells was also confirmed by colony formation assay, where OPB-31121 hardly affected colony formation of human cord blood cells at 100 nM. For further analyses, we transplanted human cord blood cells into NOG mice and investigated the growth inhibitory effect of OPB-31121 on normal hematopoietic cells in vivo. No significant growth suppression of human normal hematopoietic cells was observed in OPB-31121 treated mice (T/C: 99.9%, Figure D). Taken together, we conclude that OPB-31121 holds promise as a non-myelosuppressive therapeutic agent against a wide range of hematopoietic malignancies. This drug is under phase I/II trial in Japan. Disclosures: Hayakawa: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.: Research Funding. Sugimoto:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.: Employment. Sumida:otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.: Employment. Naoe:Kyowa-Hakko Kirin.: Research Funding; Dainipponn-Sumitomo Pharma.: Research Funding; Chugai Pharma.: Research Funding; Novartis Pharma.: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Zenyaku-Kogyo: Research Funding; Otsuka Pharma.: Research Funding.
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Rohman, Hanif Fatur, and Maria Azizah. "Identifikasi Genetik Hasil Grafting Tanaman Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Lokal Menggunakan 8 Primer." Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi 21, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/jii.v21i2.2622.
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Grafting merupakan teknik perbanyakan vegetatif yang digunakan untuk mempertahankan karakter unggul durian dari batang atas dan batang bawah. Identifikasi genetik merupakan faktor utama untuk mengetahui apakah tanaman hasil perbanyakan okulasi mempunyai karakter utama dari tanaman induk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang keragaman genetik semai durian dari metode okulasi dan mendapatkan informasi primer terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi genetika durian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Delapan primer yang digunakan adalah OPAI-15, OPB-08, OPAB-14, OPF-13, OPB-10, OPC-05, OPH-15, OPC-08 untuk mengidentifikasi 6 sampel (2 induk untuk batang atas dan batang bawah) dan 4 sampel. sampel dari okulasi bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 6 sampel dan 8 primer yang digunakan untuk identifikasi, sebagian besar sampel hasil perbanyakan cangkok menunjukkan karakteristik batang bawah daripada karakteristik batang bawah. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa 8 primer dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi DNA tanaman durian.
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Dainer, Hugh, John Nelson, Kathryn Brass, Elizabeth Montcalm-Smith, and Richard Mahon. "Short oxygen prebreathing and intravenous perfluorocarbon emulsion reduces morbidity and mortality in a swine saturation model of decompression sickness." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 3 (March 2007): 1099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01539.2005.
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Disabled submarine (DISSUB) survivors will achieve inert gas tissue saturation within 24 h. Direct ascent to the surface when saturated carries a high risk of decompression sickness (DCS) and death, yet may be necessary during rescue or escape. O2 has demonstrated benefits in decreasing morbidity and mortality resulting from DCS by enhancing inert gas elimination. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) also mitigate the effects of DCS by decreasing bubble formation and increasing O2 delivery. Our hypothesis is that combining O2 prebreathing (OPB) and PFC administration will reduce the incidence of DCS and death following saturation in an established 20-kg swine model. Yorkshire swine (20 ± 6.5 kg) were compressed to 5 atmospheres (ATA) in a dry chamber for 22 h before randomization into one of four groups: 1) air and saline, 2) OPB and saline, 3) OPB with PFC given at depth, 4) OPB with PFC given after surfacing. OPB animals received >90% O2 for 9 min at depth. All animals were returned to the surface (1 ATA) without decompression stops. The incidence of severe DCS < 2 h after surfacing was 96%, 63%, 82%, and 29% for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The incidence of death was 88%, 41%, 54%, and 5% for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. OPB combined with PFC administration after surfacing provided the greatest reduction in DCS morbidity and mortality in a saturation swine model. O2-related seizure activity before reaching surface did not negatively affect outcome, but further safety studies are warranted.
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Wilde, Lindsay, Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn, Neil Palmisiano, and Margaret Kasner. "OPB-111077 in Combination with Decitabine and Venetoclax for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131979.
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Background The landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment has changed with the FDA approval of the oral Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax in combination with a hypomethylating agent (HMA) for the up-front treatment of elderly patients with AML. However, while the results of clinical trials for first line treatment of AML with Bcl-2 inhibitors have been promising, the success of the combination in patients with relapsed/refractory disease have been less robust. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has been implicated as a mechanism of resistance to Bcl-2 inhibition in AML and, in one study, blocking OXPHOS via glutaminase inhibition was shown to enhance the apoptotic effects of venetoclax. Two studies have shown that the combination of venetoclax and an HMA targets OXPHOS in an amino acid dependent manner in de novo leukemic stem cells and suggest that relapsed leukemic stem cells are able to escape this mechanism by increasing fatty acid synthesis. These data suggest that targeting OXPHOS, fatty acid uptake, and/or amino acid metabolism may be a therapeutic strategy to target leukemic stem cells in the relapsed setting. OPB-111077 is a novel, oral, low-molecular-weight compound that was shown in preclinical models to inhibit mitochondrial electron transport and have an inhibitory effect on the growth of AML cells. When given in combination with decitabine, OPB-111077 showed a more potent antitumor effect and was well tolerated in a KG-1 tumor-bearing mouse model, thus providing support for conducting clinical trials of combination chemotherapy with OPB-111077 and decitabine. We have evaluated the effects of OPB-111077 and venetoclax in AML cells and have found that the combination causes decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis rates to a greater degree than exposure to single agent OPB-111077 or venetoclax. The effects on proliferation and apoptosis of the combination of OPB-111077 and venetoclax were even more pronounced in AML cells that were genetically engineered to increase OXPHOS. Together, this preclinical work has formed the basis for a clinical trial evaluating triplet therapy with OPB-111077, venetoclax, and decitabine. Study Design and Methods This is a single center, Phase Ib, 3+3 dose-escalation study of OPB-111077 in combination with decitabine and venetoclax in patients with AML. Patients are eligible if they have non-APL AML that is refractory to or relapsed after any standard induction or salvage therapy, or if they have newly diagnosed AML and are not eligible for or willing to undergo intensive induction. OPB-111077 is administered daily starting on day 1 and continuing throughout the treatment cycle. Decitabine 20mg/m2 is given for 5 days starting on day 4 of cycle 1. Venetoclax 70mg daily (if receiving posaconazole prophylaxis) or 100mg daily (if receiving voriconazole) is started on day 4 and given continuously until day 28. If a response is seen within 2 cycles, treatment continues until toxicity, disease progression, or availability of an alternative therapy. The primary endpoint of the study is dose limiting toxicity (DLT). Correlative studies including metabolomics, ATP measurement, apoptosis, and proliferative assay are performed on samples of blasts and non-cancerous cells that are collected from blood or marrow. 9 patients were treated with OPB-111077 at the 150mg dose level in combination with decitabine alone prior to the addition of venetoclax to the regimen. No dose limiting toxicities were identified. Clinical trial: NCT03063944 Disclosures Kasner: "OPB-111077: Other: Decitabine and Venetoclax.
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Siegers, Frans. "OPB stopt in 2003 met supervisorenopleiding." Supervisie en Coaching 18, no. 1 (March 2001): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03079624.
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Hadi, David Khairullah, Reny Herawati, Widodo Widodo, Mukhtasar Mukhtasar, Helfi Eka Saputra, and Eko Suprijono. "RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL LIMA GENOTIP PADI HIBRIDA TERHADAP PUPUK ORGANIK TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) PADA TANAH ULTISOL." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 22, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jipi.22.2.106-113.
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[RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIVE RICE HYBRID GENOTYPE ON THE ORGANIC FERTILIZER OF PALM OIL BUNCHES ON ULTISOL]. Oil Palm Bunches (OPB) are solid waste potential as organic fertilizer to improve soil physical, biological and chemical properties, especially on ultisol soils for rice development. This research was conducted in August - November 2019 in Padang Harapan, Bengkulu City. The materials used were F1 rice seeds, OPB organic fertilizer. The experimental design was a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was 5 hybrid genotypes (F1), namely, Kuning x Inpago5, Kuning x Inpago9, Kuning x Inpago6, Arang x Inpago8, and Kuning x Salumpikit. The second factor was the dosage of OPB, namely 0 (control), 10 tonnes/ha, 15 tonnes/ha, and 20 tonnes/ha, the experiment was repeated 3 times. The variables observed were plant height, number of productive tillers, flowering age, harvest age, the total number of fill grains, number of filled grains, number of empty grains, 1000 grain weight, and grain weight/hill. The results showed that there was an interaction between genotype and OPB on the number of tillers. The interaction between the Kuning x Salumpikit genotypes and 10 tonnes/ha of organic fertilizer produced the largest number of tillers. Genotype G3(Kuning x Inpago6) produced the best rice growth and yield. In this study, the optimum point for OPB fertilization on growth and yield of the five genotypes tested had not been obtained.
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Miah, Md Faruque, Md Shad Ebna Rahaman, Sanjana Fatema Chowdhury, and Mohammad Golam Rob Mahmud. "Study of genetic variability of umbilical cord blood using RAPD assay." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 20, no. 4 (June 18, 2021): 848–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v20i4.54144.
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Background: The genetic variability of Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) is most important for newborn screening, therapeutic possibility of haematological disorders as well as for the establishment of cord blood banking and stem cell research.
Method: Genetic variability of umbilical cord blood (UCB) of 22 human subjects was evaluated first time by applying Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay using six decamar primers (B-14, OPB-05, OPB-08, OPB-12, OPB-19 and UBC-122).
Result: A total number of bands were recorded 312 from 116 polymorphic loci and single monomorphic locus. All the markers showed highest polymorphism (100%) except the primer OPB 08 (92.31%) among tested individuals. The genetic distance was observed with highest 1.0 and lowest 0.72 respectively whereas mean genetic distance was recorded 0.90. Considering Shannon-Wiener index average diversity was recorded 0.139365. The mean Nei genetic similarity was found 0.17 which was found opposition to genetic distances. A phylogenetic relationship among the individual subjects was also observed between the linkage distances of 11 to 27 with 8 clades, 3 subclusters and a cluster. In addition, average allele frequency p and q was observed 0.08156 and 0.948751 respectively whereas highest intra locus gene diversity and average gene diversity were found 3.323817 and 0.144572 respectively.
Conclusion: Considering different parameters, higher genetic variability was found among the experimental subjects, probably due to the mixture DNA of parents and newborn.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.848-854
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Gunther, T., M. Struwe, A. Aguzzi, and K. Schughart. "Open brain, a new mouse mutant with severe neural tube defects, shows altered gene expression patterns in the developing spinal cord." Development 120, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 3119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.11.3119.
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We describe a new mouse mutation, designated open brain (opb), which results in severe defects in the developing neural tube. Homozygous opb embryos exhibited an exencephalic malformation involving the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain regions. The primary defect of the exencephaly could be traced back to a failure to initiate neural tube closure at the midbrain-forebrain boundary. Severe malformations in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia were observed in the thoracic region. The spinal cord of opb mutant embryos exhibited an abnormal circular to oval shape and showed defects in both ventral and dorsal regions. In severely affected spinal cord regions, a dorsalmost region of cells negative for Wnt-3a, Msx-2, Pax-3 and Pax-6 gene expression was detected and dorsal expression of Pax-6 was increased. In ventral regions, the area of Shh and HNF-3 beta expression was enlarged and the future motor neuron horns appeared to be reduced in size. These observations indicate that opb embryos exhibit defects in the specification of cells along the dorsoventral axis of the developing spinal cord. Although small dorsal root ganglia were formed in opb mutants, their metameric organization was lost. In addition, defects in eye development and malformations in the axial skeleton and developing limbs were observed. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of dorsoventral patterning of the developing neural tube and compared with known mouse mutants exhibiting similar defects.
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Hayakawa, Fumihiko, Keiki Sugimoto, Shingo Kurahashi, Hironori Matsuyama, Yasuo Harada, Norikazu Hashimoto, Naoto Ohi, et al. "A Novel Direct STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121 Induces Tumor-Specific Growth Inhibition In a Wide Range of Hematopoietic Malignancies and Effectively Suppresses the Chemotherapy Resistant Quiescent Cells In Vivo." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 3277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3277.3277.
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Abstract Abstract 3277 Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins are extracellular ligand-responsive transcription factors that mediate a wide range of biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, development, and immune response. Stimulation with cytokines or growth factors results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins via activation of upstream tyrosine kinases like Janus kinase (JAK) family kinases. Activated STAT proteins translocate to the nucleus and regulate gene expression through direct binding to the promoters of responsive genes. STAT3 is widely recognized as being a master regulator of the cellular functions that lead to the cancer phenotype. Constitutive activation of STAT3 is observed in a broad spectrum of human cancers and induces uncontrolled cell proliferation and apoptosis-resistance. It has been identified as a promising target for anti-tumor drug, but to date most of the trials to block STAT-signaling were the inhibition of upstream kinases like JAK family kinases, especially in clinical trials. Here, we report a novel STAT3 inhibitor, OPB-31121, that has no inhibitory effect on kinases including JAK family kinases. OPB-31121 treatment of HEL92.1.7 cells that had constitutive active mutation of JAK2 inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 without inhibition of JAK2 phosphorylation (Figure A). STAT3 phosphorylation by JAK2 in vitro was also inhibited by OPB-31121 under constant JAK2 autophosphorylation. On the other hand, it did not inhibit dimerization and nuclear translocation of STAT3 once STAT3 was phosphorylated. Also, direct association between OPB-31121 and STAT3 was suggested in vitro. These data implies that one of the mechanisms of OPB-31121 action was the direct inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation without JAK kinase inhibition. OPB-31121 demonstrated strong growth suppressive effect (IC50 < 10 nM) in cell lines of a wide range of cancer especially hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with JAK2 mutation or fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and myeloma. It is revealed that STAT3 is constitutively activated by tyrosine kinase signal from oncoprotein or oncogenic autocrine of IL-6 pathway in these cell lines. Of note, OPB-31121 had little growth inhibitory effect on normal hematopoietic cells and hardly affected colony formation of human cord blood cells at 100 nM. We also demonstrated growth suppression or regression of cell lines including HEL92.1.7, KU812 (CML), and TCCy/sr (ALL positive for BCR-ABL with T315I mutation) in NOD/SCID mice (T/C: 1.8 to 39.5 %). For further analyses, we used human leukemia model mouse where clinical samples of human leukemia were transplanted into NOD/SCID/IL2-Rgammac−/− (NOG) mice and could be maintained by serial transplantation. In this system, heterogeneity and hierarchy of differentiation of leukemia cells, if they had, are maintained. OPB-31121 induced significant growth suppression of leukemia cells of BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), CML-blast crisis (BC), CML-BC with T315I mutation in BCR-ABL, and AML with FLT3/ITD (T/C: 4 to 58 %, Figure B). Furthermore, treatment with cytarabine induced accumulation of quiescent cells that were thought to be relatively resistant to chemotherapy, whereas OPB-31121 did not cause such accumulation, suggesting its effectiveness on quiescent cells (Figure C). We are now investigating the effect of OPB-31121 on leukemia-initiating cells and the results will be shown at the meeting. Taken together, we conclude that OPB-31121 holds promise as a therapeutic agent against a wide range of hematopoietic malignancies. This drug is under phase 1 trial in Hong-Kong, Korea, and the USA. Disclosures: Hayakawa: Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding. Sugimoto:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Matsuyama:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Harada:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Hashimoto:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Ohi:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Kodama:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Sumida:Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Naoe:Chugai pharmaceutical, Zenyaku pharmaceutical, Kyowa-Kirin pharmaceutical, Dainippon-Sumitomo pharmaceutical, Novartis pharmaceutical, Janssen pharmaceutical, Otsuka pharmaceutical: Research Funding.
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Wintari, Mery, Made Pharmawati, and Ngurah Intan Wiratmini. "Keragaman Genetik dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Ayam Lokal Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD." Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2019.v06.i02.p13.
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Ayam lokal Indonesia merupakan plasma nutfah yang telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk berbagai kebutuhan, seperti konsumsi, sarana upacara, koleksi, serta ayam aduan. Untuk menjaga kelestariannya perlu dilakukan upaya inventarisasi keanekaragaman genetik menggunakan penanda molekuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan keanekaragaman genetik dan hubungan kekerabatan empat ayam lokal Indonesia: ayam kampung, ayam ketawa, ayam kate lokal, dan ayam bekisar kangean, berdasarkan pendanda molekuler RAPD. DNA diekstraksi dari sampel darah 12 individu ayam lokal yang terdiri dari 3 ayam kampung, 3 ayam ketawa, 3 ayam kate lokal, dan 3 ayam bekisar kangean menggunakan Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Tissue) Geneaid. Analisis PCR-RAPD dilakukan menggunakan 6 primer, yaitu OPA 04, OPB 08, OPB 12, OPC 16, OPH 01, dan OPH 03. Produk PCR-RAPD dielektroforesis menggunakan agarose 1,5% dalam buffer TAE 1x. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kesamaan 12 individu ayam lokal menggunakan penanda RAPD berkisar dari 0% sampai dengan 100%. Hubungan kekerabatan 12 individu ayam lokal menggunakan penanda RAPD menunjukkan bahwa ayam yang memiliki kesamaan morfologi tidak mengelompok bersama. Hal ini menandakan bahwa kelompok ayam yang sama secara fenotipe belum tentu memiliki genotipe yang sama.
Kata kunci: Ayam lokal, PCR-RAPD
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Promdee, Kittiphop, Tharapong Vitidsant, and Peerapon Ruengvilairat. "Products Yield and Some Properties of Bio- Oil from Three Weed Plants Produced by Continuous Pyrolysis Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.576.
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The bio-oil products by continuous pyrolysis reactor, which takes place at temperatures in the range of 450-600°C, were to compare the quality of bio-oil extracted from different residual plants were, 1) Oil palm bunch [OPB], 2) Water hyacinth [WHC], and 3) Manila grass [MNG]. The preliminary analyses of three residual plants showed that the liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from OPB was highest (29.55 %) and liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from WHC was lowest (28.3 %)., at 350 rpm., and liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from OPB, WHC and MNG were 55.6, 25.55 and 25.67 %, at 150 rpm., respectively. The results showed that biomass extracted from three residual plants had good qualities because of low moisture content and high fixed carbon. The element contents of three residual plants found that high carbon content. The amount of carbon in the bio-oil obtained from OPB, WHC and MNG were 55.91, 55.57, and 55.03 wt.%., respectively., carbon was relatively high in three residual plants. Hence; In this research are concerns the feeding rate, the control gas flow, the temperatures in reactor and reactor operate for produce the hi quality of bio-oil with three residual plants of resist in Thailand.
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Caler, Elisabet V., Rory E. Morty, Barbara A. Burleigh, and Norma W. Andrews. "Dual Role of Signaling Pathways Leading to Ca2+ and Cyclic AMP Elevation in Host Cell Invasion byTrypanosoma cruzi." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 6602–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.12.6602-6610.2000.
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ABSTRACT Cell invasion by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi involves activation of host signaling pathways and the recruitment and fusion of lysosomes at the parasite entry site. A major signaling pathway regulating invasion of fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and myoblasts involves mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores and requires the activity of a T. cruzi serine peptidase, oligopeptidase B (OPB). Deletion of the OPB gene results in a marked defect in trypomastigote virulence, consistent with a greatly reduced cell invasion capacity. Here we show that uptake by macrophages, on the other hand, is largely independent of OPB expression and sensitive to inhibition of by cytochalasin D. The residual invasion capacity of OPBnull trypomastigotes in fibroblasts still involves lysosome recruitment, although in a significantly delayed fashion. Transient elevations in intracellular Ca2+concentrations were observed in host cells exposed to both wild-type and OPBnull trypomastigotes, but the signals triggered by the mutant parasites were less vigorous and delayed. The capacity of triggering elevation in host cell cyclic AMP (cAMP), however, was unaltered in OPBnull trypomastigotes. Modulation in cAMP levels preferentially affected the residual cell invasion capacity of OPBnull parasites, suggesting that this signaling pathway can play a dominant role in promoting cell invasion in the absence of the major OPB-dependent pathway.
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Ohashi, Seiji, Hideharu Abe, Toshikazu Takahashi, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Masayoshi Takeuchi, Hidenori Arai, Kazuhiro Nagata, et al. "Advanced Glycation End Products Increase Collagen-specific Chaperone Protein in Mouse Diabetic Nephropathy." Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, no. 19 (March 5, 2004): 19816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m310428200.
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Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) appear to contribute to the diabetic complications. This study reports the inhibitory effect of OPB-9195 (OPB), an inhibitor of AGEs formation, and the role of a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, a 47-kDa heat shock protein (HSP47) in diabetic nephropathy. Transgenic mice carrying nitric-oxide synthase cDNA fused with insulin promoter (iNOSTg) leads to diabetes mellitus. The iNOSTg mice at 6 months of age represented diffuse glomerulosclerosis, and the expression of HSP47 was markedly increased in the mesangial area in parallel with increased expression of types I and IV collagens. OPB treatment ameliorated glomerulosclerosis in the iNOSTg mice associated with the decreased expression of HSP47 and types I and IV collagens. The expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was increased in glomeruli of iNOSTg mice and decreased after treatment with OPB. To confirm these mechanisms, cultured mesangial cells were stimulated with AGEs. AGEs significantly increased the expression of HSP47, type IV collagen, and TGF-β mRNA. Neutralizing antibody for TGF-β inhibited the overexpression of both HSP47 and type IV collagenin vitro. In conclusion, AGEs increase the expression of HSP47 in association with collagens, bothin vivoandin vitro. The processes may be mediated by TGF-β.
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Jayanti, Ervina Titi, Rina S. Kasiamdari, and Budi S. Daryono. "Variasi Genetik Kacang Komak (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) Menggunakan Penanda RAPD di Pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat." Biota 9, no. 2 (February 19, 2018): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/jb.v9i2.53.
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Penanda RAPD digunakan untuk evaluasi hubungan genetik diantara 26 aksesi kacang komak di Pulau Lombok. Koleksi sampel menggunakan metode jelajah di 4 kabupaten ada di Pulau Lombok, isolasi DNA menggunakan kit Nucleon Phytopure. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan PCR dengan 5 primer yaitu L 11 (5’- ACGATGAGCC-3'), OPB 8 (5'-GTCCACACGG-3'), OPB 15 (5'-CGAGGGTGTT-3'), OPB 17 (5'-AGGGAACGAG-3'), dan OPH 6 (5'-ACGCATCGCA-3'). Prosedur PCR yang dilakukan mengacu pada yang telah dilakukan oleh Williams et al. (1990). Analisis kluster menggunakan UPGMA dengan menggunakan koefisien Jaccard. Pada koefisien 0,71 atau nilai similaritas 71% anggota kacang komak yang ada di P. Lombok mengelompok membentuk 4 klaster utama yaitu klaster I, II, III, dan IV. Pola pengelompokan kacang komak yang ada di P. Lombok secara molekular tidak mencerminkan pola pengelompokan berdasarkan karakter morfologi polong maupun wilayah geografis.
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Wilde, Lindsay, Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn, Neil Palmisiano, Gina Keiffer, and Margaret Kasner. "Results of the Phase 1b Dose Escalation Study of OPB-111077, Decitabine, and Venetoclax for the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed or Relapsed/Refractory AML." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-140729.
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Background: The combination of a hypomethylating agent (HMA) and the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) has revolutionized the treatment of elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, patients treated with this regimen inevitably relapse and subsequent treatment options are limited. Furthermore, the success of this combination in the relapsed/refractory setting has been less impressive. Mechanisms of resistance to HMA/VEN are of great interest, and alterations in leukemic cell metabolism have been implicated. It is hypothesized that drugs that target oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid metabolism, and /or amino acid metabolism may be successful in overcoming HMA/VEN resistance. OPB-111077 is a novel, oral, low-molecular-weight compound that was shown in preclinical models to inhibit mitochondrial electron transport and have an inhibitory effect on the growth of AML cells. When given in combination with decitabine, OPB-111077 showed a more potent antitumor effect in a KG-1 tumor-bearing mouse model, thus providing support for conducting clinical trials of this combination. AML cells treated with OPB-111077 and venetoclax have also been shown to have decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. The effects on proliferation and apoptosis of the combination of OPB-111077 and venetoclax were more pronounced in AML cells that were genetically engineered to increase OXPHOS. These data formed the basis for the development of a clinical trial utilizing the triplet of OPB-111077, decitabine, and venetoclax for the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML. Herein, we report results from the Phase Ib dose escalation study. Methods: In this phase Ib single center study (NCT03063944), OPB-111077 is administered daily starting on day 1 and continuing throughout the treatment cycle. Decitabine 20mg/m2 is given for 5 days starting on day 4 of cycle 1. Venetoclax 70mg daily (if receiving posaconazole prophylaxis) or 100mg daily (if receiving voriconazole) is started on day 4 and given continuously until day 28. If a response is seen within 2 cycles, treatment continues until toxicity, disease progression, or availability of an alternative therapy. Patients were enrolled in cohorts of escalating dose levels of OPB-111077 using a traditional 3+3 design. The primary objectives were to determine preliminary safety and tolerability as well as maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of OPB-111077. The secondary objective was to measure preliminary efficacy. Correlative studies including metabolomics, ATP measurement, apoptosis, and proliferative assays were performed on samples of blasts and non-cancerous cells that were collected from blood or marrow. Results: As of July 15, 2020, 2 patients with newly diagnosed AML and 7 patients with relapsed/refractory AML were treated with the triplet. Patients received OPB-111077 at 150mg (n=3), 200mg (n=3), and 250mg (n=3). Median age was 73 years (range, 23-79) and 7 patients (78%) were male. The median number of prior systemic anticancer regimens for patients with relapsed/refractory disease was 2 (range, 1-5); no patients had undergone prior stem cell transplant. The median treatment duration has not yet been reached; 3 patients are receiving ongoing treatment. No patients experienced a dose limiting toxicity. The most common Grade ≥3 adverse event (AE) was febrile neutropenia (56%). No patients discontinued due to AEs. No pts experienced tumor lysis syndrome. Three patients died after completing their study treatment, all due to progressive AML. The best overall response to therapy was a complete remission in 2 (22%) patients (1 with newly diagnosed AML and 1 with relapsed/refractory disease). Metabolomics using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was performed on paired pre- and post-treatment samples and intracellular metabolic changes in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were observed consistent with on-target effects. Conclusion: The triplet of OPB-111077, decitabine, and venetoclax for the treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML was safe and well tolerated, and showed preliminary anti-leukemic efficacy. A planned expansion phase is underway utilizing the 250mg daily dose of OPB-111077. Disclosures Martinez-Outschoorn: Otsuka Pharmaceutical: Research Funding. Palmisiano:AbbVie: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding. Kasner:Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Otsuka Pharmaceutical: Research Funding.
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Martono, Budi, and Syafaruddin Syafaruddin. "Genetic Variability of 21 Tea Genotypes [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Based on RAPD Markers." Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v5n2.2018.p77-86.
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<em>Knowing the genetic diversity in the tea germplasms collection is one of important conditions for assembling new superior varieties. Information of genetic diversity can be obtained through analysis using RAPD molecular markers. The study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of 21 tea genotypes based on RAPD markers. The research was conducted in Integrated Laboratory, Seameo Biotrop, Bogor, from July to September 2013. Genomic DNA was isolated from 21 tea genotypes leaf samples, then amplified with primer OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08. Electrophoresis result was converted into binary data. The genetic similarity and cluster analysis calculation was done using NTSYS-pc version 2.10. In this research, 50 polymorphic bands (94,34%) and 3 monomorphic band (5,66%) were obtained. Cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmatic (UPGMA) divided 21 tea genotypes into two groups at a genetic similarity value of 0,48. Group 1 consisted of 20 tea genotypes, while the second group comprised only a one genotype (Sin 27). The range of genetic similarity matrix was between 28%–92%, the lowest genetic similarity (28%) was found between GMB 4 and Sin 27 genotypes, while the highest (92%) was found between AS 2 and AS 1 genotypes. The information obtained can be utilized in breeding programs with the support of agronomic characters as well as in the conservation of tea germplasm.</em>
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Marín-Navarrete, Rodrigo, Carlos Magis-Rodríguez, Luis Villalobos-Gallegos, Adriana Villafuerte-García, Alejandro Pérez-López, Karen Ruiz-Herrera, Ricardo Sánchez-Domínguez, et al. "Development of an evidence-based model of rapid testing, counseling and referral patients with HIV, HVC and other STDs in Mexican addiction treatment centers." Salud mental 42, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2019.025.
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Introduction. Efforts to identify new cases of HIV, HVC and other STIs, through the application of quick tests, focus on people who inject drugs, without taking into account the fact that the use of alcohol and other drugs of abuse inhibits decision making, increasing the transmission of STIs through risky sexual practices. Accordingly, it is necessary to have detection algorithms that consider people who use multiple drugs to improve the identification of new cases and their subsequent linkage with health services. Objective. This paper describes the development process of the OPB-APR model for the detection, counseling and referral of people with HIV and other STIs at addiction treatment centers. Method. The procedure is divided into three phases: 1. A literature review to identify the basic concepts of HIV and other STIs, substance use, risky sexual behaviors, quick tests, and specialized psychological counseling; 2. A feasibility study in which a health professional is trained to implement the OPB-APR model; 3. Drafting of the final version. Results. The final version of the OPB-APR model was obtained, which describes standardized procedures for detection, counseling and referral to health services. Discussion and conclusions. The OPB-APR model aims to strengthen the public health system by increasing the coverage of services for the detection of HIV, HCV and other STIs. The above through the implementation of standardized procedures among specialized and non-specialized health professionals of addiction care centers.
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Schroeter-Zakrzewska, Anita, Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka, Tomasz Kleiber, Hanna Wróblewska, and Katarzyna Głuchowska. "Influence of Compost from Post-Consumer Wood on Development, Nutrition State of Plants, Microbiological and Biochemical Parameters of Substrates in Zonal Pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale)." Agronomy 11, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050994.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the possibility of using compost made from post-consumer wood in zonal pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale) cv. ‘Tex Mex’ cultivation. The influence of compost on the plant’s development and nutritional state, as well as the microbiological and enzymatic activity of the substrate was examined. Two variants of compost marked with the following letters: OPA and OPB were used. Both variants consisted of post-consumer wood waste (OP) (70% of weight) mixed with powdery waste from processing MDF boards (6%), mature compost from fiberboard waste (19%), high peat (4%), water and a biological inoculum “Activit Las”. Thirty kilograms of urea in two portions per prism were added to the OPA variant while ammonium nitrate (1.5 kg per prism), magnesium sulphate (0.4 kg per prism), potassium phosphate (0.8kg per prism) and calcium phosphate (0.9 kg per prism) were added to the OPB variant. The plants were cultivated into pots 12 cm in diameter and a capacity of 659 dm3 in the substrates consisting of peat with the addition of compost at different volume ratios. It was found that the medium type had a significant influence on the growth and flowering of the zonal pelargonium. The type of compost used was the determinant for microbiological total counts and activity. The chemical composition of the substrates significantly modified the plants’ nutritional state in terms of macro- and microelements. In summary, the study demonstrated that good quality ornamental plants can be successfully grown in peat substrate containing 25% or 50% of post-consumer wood compost.
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Checa C., Oscar Eduardo, Jessica Andrea Descance V., Maribel Xiomara Toro C., Sandra Lorena Álvarez, and Claudia Salazar G. "Caracterización molecular de Trichoderma spp. en arveja Pisum sativum L." Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas 32, no. 2 (March 10, 2016): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rcia.153202.8.
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Mediante marcadores RAPDs se determinó la variabilidad genética de aislamientos de Tricoderma spp. encontrándose alto polimorfismo con los primeros OPA 03, OPD 05, OPA 01 y OPB 01. La variación molecular observada fue baja (26%) entre las poblaciones de Trichoderma spp. identificadas por su origen geográfico como Ipiales, Pupiales y Gualmatán. En contraste la variación dentro de las poblaciones fue alta, superando el 70%. Las especies de Trichoderma spp. encontradas no mostraron una relación con el origen geográfico. Los aislados se agruparon con base en la diversidad genética de Jaccard. El rango de distancia genética entre los distintos aislamientos estuvo entre 0,37 y 1,42. La especie más frecuente fue T. harzianum que mostró alta variación al estar presente en todos los agrupamientos.
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Singh, Seema, Sneha Sharma, Aaqib Ali, A. Kandan, Pardeep Kumar, and Jameel Akhtar. "Morpho-molecular characterization of Bipolaris and Exserohilum spp. infecting various agricultural crops." International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2021.2111.
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The study was undertaken with major objective to differentiate fungal isolates belonging to various species of Bipolaris and Exserohilum infecting various agricultural crops. After routine isolation and purification of more than 35 attempts, 13 isolates were morphologically characterized into 8 species namely, Bipolaris cynodontis (IQBC-1 and DQBC-2), B. holmii (IQBH-1), B. micropus (IQBM-1), B. oryzae (DQBO-1, DQBO-2), B. sorghicola (DQBS-1, DQBS-2), B. tetramera (DQBT-1, DQBT-2), Exserohilum longirostrata (IQEL-1) and E. rostratum (DQER-1 and DQER-2). Molecular characterization of all the isolates using RAPD, ISSR and URP markers also revealed genetic variation. Out of 24 RAPD primers, only 9 (OPA-2, OPA-4, OPA-9, OPB-4, OPB-8, OPC-1, OPC-2, OPC-5 and OPE-5) could amplify the DNA sequence showing good polymorphism. Out of 20 ISSR primers, only 6 (ISSR 1, ISSR 13, ISSR 15, ISSR 17, ISSR 19 and ISSR 20) could show good polymorphism. Out of 13 URPs, only 5 (URP 4R, URP 6R, URP 9F, URP 13R and URP 38F) could amplify with a greater number of bands. In all the three makers, similarity matrix value using Jaccard’s coefficient ranged from 0.149 to 0.548 revealing genetic co-relation among isolates. Combined clustering of RAPD, ISSR and URP data showed relatively low genetic similarity coefficient ranging from 14.92 to 54.76 among isolates which revealed stronger co-relation among isolates. Cluster analysis based on UPGMA provided a clear resolution of relationship among all the 13 isolates belong to 6 Bipolaris and 2 Exserohilum species and confirmed the morphological characterization of the same. Further, molecular markers especially, RAPD, ISSR and URP have revolutionized the genetic analysis of plant pathogens including fungi and their application can greatly help in characterizing related genera and delineation of inter and intra-species complex of fungi.
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Rahmawati, Dewi, and Nurita Toruan-Mathius. "Analisis Keragaman Genetik Acremonium yang Berasosiasi dengan Tanaman Gaharu Menggunakan Teknik Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)." Jurnal AgroBiogen 5, no. 2 (August 23, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v5n2.2009.p65-70.
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<p>Agarwood<br />or gaharu is a plant that has a high economic value in Asia,<br />due to its use for production of incense and traditional<br />medicines. The agarwood formation occurs in the trunk and<br />roots of trees that have been infected by a fungus, such as<br />Acremonium spp. Various fungi were associated with the<br />agarwood formation. Acremonium is generally considered as<br />highly polyphyletic, contains distantly related fungi. A study<br />was done to identify genetic diversities in 10 isolates of<br />Acremonium spp. from four different areas in Indonesia that<br />are associated with Aquilaria and Gyrinops verstigii using the<br />Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique.<br />Eight RAPD primers, i.e., OPA 02, OPB 04, OPB 07, OPB 17,<br />OPC 11, OPD 03, OPD 05, and OPE 07 were used in the<br />analyses. The results indicated that similarity index values of<br />the genetic variation ranged from 0.21 to 0.97. Based on the<br />Nei and Li’s similarity coefficients, these values indicating<br />the presence of high degree of genetic variability. The lowest<br />degree of genetic similarity were found between isolates F<br />(Acremonium spp., which is associated with G. verstigii from<br />Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat), and LM2 from south coastal<br />area of West Sumatra. The highest genetic similarity value<br />(0.97) was found between isolates Sr2 and Sr4 from Sorong,<br />Papua. Results from the cluster analysis indicated that the<br />isolates could be grouped into two major clusters that were<br />associated with their geographical locations.</p>
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Zhang, Qinli, Bingyi Zhang, Qiusong Chen, Daolin Wang, and Xiang Gao. "Safety Analysis of Synergetic Operation of Backfilling the Open Pit Using Tailings and Excavating the Ore Deposit Underground." Minerals 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080818.
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The transition from open pit mining to underground mining is essential for mineral resources to achieve deep excavation. Recently, cemented paste backfill (CPB) has been proposed as a novel technology to achieve open pit backfill (OPB). The proposed method not only eliminates the danger of the open-pit slope but also reduces the disposal of waste tailings. In order to ensure safe mining during the synergetic operation of OPB and underground mining, it is of great significance to improve this technology. In the present study, an open-pit metal mine in Anhui Province was taken as the research object. Then, the safety of underground stope roofs, underground backfill pillars, and open-pit slopes was evaluated during OPB. To this end, numerical simulations were performed and experiments were conducted on a similar physical model. Accordingly, the backfill mechanical parameters were optimized. The obtained results show that backfill height exerts the most significant effect on the safety of roofs and underground backfill pillars, accompanied by small displacements along the vertical direction during the backfill process. Moreover, concentration was observed at the foot of the slope, while the overall structure remained stable with no considerable displacement. The overall safety factors met the safety requirements. Based on the obtained results, the optimal foundation strength, foundation height, backfill strength and backfill height were 4 MPa, 10 m, 1.5 MPa, and 120 m, respectively. Moreover, it was concluded that displacements in the abovementioned three regions tend to be stable when the backfill height exceeds 150 m without damage. The present article provides a certain theoretical and application guideline for OPB practices in similar metal mines and suggests possibilities for cleaner production.
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Shibana, C., and P. Subavathy. "DETERMINATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN PORTUNUS PELAGICUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) COLLECTED FROM GULF OF MANNAR." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 03 (March 31, 2021): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12598.
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In the present study, the marine crab Portunuspelagicus was screened with 17 primers and made to score polymorphism. The main emphasis of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity at intra specific level among the 3 accessions of P. pelagicus species of Gulf of Mannarusing RAPD markers. RAPD analysis shows that there is a high level of polymorphism among different accessions. From this study, it was understood that each location varied with respect to environmental factors and genetic parameters. The OPB-18, OPB-19, OPC-07 and OPN-06 primers produced distinct, highly reproducible amplification profile for all the screened samples. In the present study, amplification bands ranged between 250 and 663 bp. Maximum numbers of bands were produced by OPN-06 and least by OPB-19. Moderate to high genetic diversity was observed in all geographic samples of P. pelagicus from RAPD analysis. RAPD analysis from three different geographical regions shows clear polymorphic patterns. Thoothukudi and Rameshwaram populations appear in one cluster, while the Kanyakumari populations formed the other cluster indicating a genetic variability and diversity in samples collected from different places.
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Villabona-Ortíz, Ángel, Candelaria Tejada-Tovar, and Ángel Darío Gonzalez-Delgado. "Adsorption of Cd2+ Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Biomasses of Theobroma cacao, Zea mays, Manihot esculenta, Dioscorea rotundata and Elaeis guineensis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 2657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062657.
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In this work, the mechanisms of cadmium (Cd2+) adsorption on residual biomasses from husks of yam (Dioscorea rotundata), cassava (Manihor esculenta), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), corn (Zea mays) and oil palm bagasse (Elaeis guineensis) were studied in order to evaluate the effect of temperature, adsorbent dose and particle size in a batch system. Isotherms and adsorption kinetics were determined and adjusted to different models. The biomaterials were characterized using the techniques of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Results reveal that the possible mechanisms of Cd2+ adsorption in bioadsorbents were ion exchange and complexation with -COOH and -OH groups. From the experimentation, it was found that best conditions were presented at 55 °C, particle size 0.5 mm and 0.03 g adsorbent. The following biomass performance was obtained in terms of adsorption capacities: cocoa husk (CH) > corn cob residues (CCR) > cassava peel (CP) > palm bagasse (OPB) > yam peel (YP), according to the Langmuir and Dubinin- Radushkevich (D-R) models. The equilibrium of Cd2+ adsorption over YP and OPB was well described by Langmuir’s isothermal model, while for CH, CCR and CP the model that best fit experimental data was Freundlich’s model. The results of D-R model suggested that the process is controlled by physisorption mechanism with strong interactions among active sites and Cd2+ ions. The kinetics for all systems studied fit the pseudo-second order model. The values of the thermodynamic parameters established that cadmium removal is of endothermic nature and not spontaneous using YP and CP, and exothermic, spontaneous and irreversible when using OPB, CH and CCR. The results suggest the use of YP, OPB, CH, CP and CCR residues for the removal of aqueous Cd2+.
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Borges, AB, FS de Abreu, MC Mailart, RF Zanatta, and CRG Torres. "Efficacy and Safety of Bleaching Gels According to Application Protocol." Operative Dentistry 46, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): E105—E116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-253-l.
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SUMMARY Objectives: This study evaluated bleaching efficacy, enamel microhardness, and roughness of highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide (HP) gels (35%–40%) using different application protocols. Gel decomposition and pH alteration were also analyzed. Methods and Materials: Bovine enamel/dentin specimens were divided into groups according to the bleaching gel—Pola Office Plus (POP–SDI, 37.5% HP), Opalescence Boost (OPB–Ultradent, 40% HP), Whiteness HP (WHP–FGM, 35% HP)—and application protocol—single application (SA) and multiple application (MA) during the in-office session. Deionized water was used in control group (no bleaching). Thus, seven final groups were obtained (n=15/group). Color (CIE L*a*b*), surface microhardness (SMH), and roughness (Ra) were assessed before/after treatments. The pH of gels was measured, and HP concentration was determined with potassium permanganate titration method in different times. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey tests (5%). Results: All gels presented similar and clinically acceptable bleaching efficacy (ΔE>2.7) for both SA and MA, as well as no significant differences for SMH and Ra comparing the two protocols in the same gel. Peroxide decomposition significantly increased with time, but final gel concentrations were still high after 45 minutes (32.29% POP; 38.45% OPB; and 32.74% WHP). The pH decreased over time (initial - after 45 min) for WHP (6.83±0.07 - 5.81±0.06), but minimal alterations were observed for POP (8.09±0.09 - 7.88±0.07) and OPB (7.82±0.11 - 7.87±0.07). Conclusions: Peroxide decomposition was very low for all gels tested, and pH remained stable for POP and OPB gels. Bleaching protocol did not influence whitening efficacy and hazardous effects over enamel, thus potentially there was no clinical significance. Therefore, for the products tested, there is no evidence for recommending the gel change during the bleaching session.
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Donkers-Venne, Dorine T. H. M., Mireille Fargette, and Carolien Zijlstra. "Identification of Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria using sequence characterised amplified region (SCAR) based PCR assays." Nematology 2, no. 8 (2000): 847–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100750112798.
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AbstractThree randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, OPA-12420, OPB-061200 and OPA-01700, species specific to the root-knot nematode species Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica respectively, were identified. After sequencing these RAPD-PCR products, longer primers of 18 to 23 nucleotides were designed to complement the terminal DNA sequences of the DNA fragments. This resulted in three pairs of species specific primers that were used to amplify the sequence characterised amplified regions (SCARs). The developed sets of SCAR primers were successfully used in straightforward, fast and reliable PCR assays to identify M. incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria. The length variant SCAR markers can be amplified from DNA from egg masses, second stage juveniles and females. This species identification technique is therefore independent of the nematode's life cycle stage. Moreover the SCAR-PCR assay was successfully applied using DNA extracts from infested plant material. The method has potential to be optimised for routine practical diagnostic tests facilitating the control of these economically important pest organisms. Identification de Meloigyne incognita, M. javanica et M. arenaria au moyen de l'amplification de régions de séquences caractéristiques (SCAR) par une technique PCR - Trois marqueurs d'ADN polymorphique amplifiée au hasard (RAPD) OPA-12420, OPB-O61200 et OPA-OI700, respectivement spécifiques des espèces de nématodes Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita et M. javanica, ont été identifiés. Après le séquençage de ces produits RAPD-PCR, les amorces les plus longues de 18 à 23 nucléotides ont été choisies pour compléter les séquences terminales d'ADN des fragments d'ADN. Cela a conduit à trois paires d'amorces spécifiques de l'espèce, utilisées pour amplifier les régions des séquences caractéristiques (SCAR). Les lots d'amorces SCAR mis au point ont été utilisés avec succès lors d'essais directs, rapides et surs pour identifier M. incognita, M. javanica et M. arenia. Les marqueurs peuvent être amplifiés à partir de l'ADN des masses d'oeufs, des juvéniles de deuxième stade ou des femelles. Cette technique d'identification spécifique est donc indépendante des différents états de développement du nématode. De plus la technique SCAR-PCR a été appliquée avec succès à l'ADN extrait du matériel végétal infesté. Cette méthode présente des potentialités d'amélioration permettant d'envisager des tests pratiques d'identification de routine, facilitant ainsi le contrôle de ces parasites économiquement importants.
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Indriani, Siska, Dotti Suryati, Hesti Pujiwati, Prasetyo Prasetyo, and Entang Inoriah Sukarjo. "Growth and Yield Component of Two Varieties of Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merril) in Some Types of Amelioration in Ultisol." TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration 4, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/terra.4.1.9-16.
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Soybeans are the third most important commodity after rice and corn. Soybeans are also a commodity rich in protein. Soy serves as a very important source of vegetable protein to improve people's nutrition because in addition to being safe for health is also relatively cheap compared to animal protein sources. Ultisol has a wide distribution but has constraints to be used as a medium of cultivation plants. The addition of some types of ameliorating or soil reformers such as chicken manure, cow manure, and composting oil palm bunches (OPB) is expected to overcome ultisol fertility. The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of varieties on the growth and component of soybean crop yields in Ultisol, compare the influence of ameliorating type on the growth and component of soybean crop yields in Ultisol, and get the interaction between the type of varieties with the type of amelioration to the growth and components of soybean crop yields in Ultisol. The research was conducted from February to May 2019 in the experimental garden of Integrated Agricultural Zone of the Faculty of Agriculture UNIB Medan Baru, Bengkulu City. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) that was compiled factorially with 3 times. The first factor is the variety type Anjasmoro and Gepak Kuning, the second factor of amelioration type is control (without amelioration), chicken manure 15 tons ha-1, cow manure 15 tons ha-1, husks burn 15 tons ha-1, and compost oil palm bunches (OPB) 15 tons ha-1. The results showed that the Gepak Kuning variety showed better growth than the Anjasmoro variety while the Anjasmoro variety showed better results than the Gepak Kuning variety. Chicken manure is the best type of amelioration compared to cow manure, rice husks, and compost OPB against the growth and component of soybean yields in Ultisol, and there is interaction in the Gepak Kuning variety with chicken manure amelioration and compost OPB.
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Silva, Simone Alves, Elizangela Mércia de Oliveira Cruz, Ronaldo Viana dos Reis, Claudia Fortes Ferreira, and Adriana Rodrigues Passos. "Caracterização morfológica e molecular de genótipos de mangaba." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 35, no. 4 (December 2013): 1093–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452013000400021.
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O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a divergência genética entre 25 genótipos de mangaba da região de Iramaia-Chapada Diamantina-Bahia, utilizando os marcadores morfológicos e os marcadores RAPD. As seguintes aferições foram realizadas nos frutos maduros: diâmetro longitudinal (DL) e transversal (DT), massas do fruto (MF), da semente (MS) e da polpa (MP), rendimento de polpa (%P) e a contagem do número de sementes (NS). Os caracteres químicos avaliados no fruto maduro foram: pH, acidez (Ac), sólidos solúveis totais (SST), ácido ascórbico (AA), açúcar total (ACT) açúcar redutor (ACR), açúcar não redutor (ACNR) e relação sólidos solúveis totais: acidez (SST/Ac). Para a amplificação, foram testados 51 random primers. Os resultados médios das aferições foram: DL (37,03 mm), DT (34,34 mm), MF (24,45 g), MS (2,42 g), MP (22,03 g), e NS (11,14). Para as avaliações químicas, foram verificados os resultados médios: %P (88,44%), AA (80,23 mg 100 g-1), Ac (0,96%), pH (3,67), SST (14,15 ºBrix), ACT (9,26 mg 100 g-1), ACR (5,13 mg 100 g-1), ACNR (4,13 mg 100g-1) e SST/Ac (14,56 mg 100g-1). Oito random primers foram selecionados por apresentarem bandas mais intensas, e seis (OPA 08, OPB 12, OPB 19, OPH 15, OPH 18 e OPH 19) geraram 28 regiões de bandas polimórficas. Dentre os marcadores morfológicos, MF e MP foram os que mais efetivamente contribuíram para a divergência genética. A formação de seis e sete grupos para os marcadores moleculares e morfológicos, respectivamente, indicou a presença de variabilidade genética na população avaliada.
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Zulfiqar, Muhammad, San Yi Lee, Amira Azreena Mafize, Nur Adlin Mastura Abdul Kahar, Khairiraihanna Johari, and Nurul Ekmi Rabat. "Efficient Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions by Using Oil Palm Bio-Waste/MWCNTs Reinforced PVA Hydrogel Composites: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Modeling." Polymers 12, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020430.
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Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel are still restricted for some applications because their lower mechanical strength and thermal stability. The PVA-based composites are drawing attention for the removal of heavy metals based on their specific functionality in adsorption process. The main objective of this work is to synthesize oil palm bio-waste (OPB)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reinforced PVA hydrogels in the presence of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as a crosslinking agent and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator via simple in-situ polymerization technique. The as-prepared reinforced nanocomposites were characterized by FESEM, BET surface area, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA and FTIR analysis. The possible influence of OPB and MWCNTs on the tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic modulus of the samples were investigated. It was found that reinforced nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties as compared to non-reinforced material. The evaluation of reinforced nanocomposites was tested by the removal of Pb(II) aqueous solutions in a batch adsorption system. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was used to illustrate the adsorption kinetic results and Langmuir isotherm was more suitable to fit the equilibrium results providing maximum adsorption capacities. The evaluation of thermodynamic parameters describes the spontaneous, endothermic and chemisorption adsorption process while activation energy reveals the physical adsorption mechanism. Therefore, the coordination effects among OPB, MWCNTs and PVA polymer hydrogels can produce a promising adsorbent material for wastewater treatment applications.
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Kim, Min-suk, and Yooil Kim. "Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis for Mooring Chain Considering OPB/IPB." Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology 31, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.26748/ksoe.2017.08.31.4.299.
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Günther, Thomas, Ralf Spörle, and Klaus Schughart. "The open brain (opb) mutation maps to mouse chromosome 1." Mammalian Genome 8, no. 8 (August 1997): 583–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900509.
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