Academic literature on the topic 'Opel automobile'
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Journal articles on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Böhler, Gunnar, Uwe Dieter Grebe, Torsten Löhnert, Manfred Pöpperl, and Klaus Steffens. "Der neue 1,8-l-Vierzylinder-Ottomotor für Opel-Automobile." MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift 66, no. 4 (April 2005): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03226729.
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Pernicka, Susanne, Vera Glassner, Nele Dittmar, Adam Mrozowicki, and Małgorzata Maciejewska. "When does solidarity end? Transnational labour cooperation during and after the crisis – the GM/Opel case revisited." Economic and Industrial Democracy 38, no. 3 (May 7, 2015): 375–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x15577840.
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The General Motors (GM) case stands out for its transnational employee cooperation. During the crisis the ‘national turn’ of union politics seems to have eroded solidarity and mutual trust relations. In this article the authors suggest disentangling the behaviour of labour representatives and their attitudes, identities and feelings to develop a more sophisticated perspective on labour transnationalism. Concepts of sociological neo-institutionalism and empirical evidence from two automobile companies (GM/Opel and Volkswagen) in Germany, the UK and Poland are used to investigate the conditions under which transnational solidarity occurs and prevails. The authors conclude that solidarity in both companies has not come to an end and contributes to repertoires of contention in future labour conflicts.
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Mikulec, A. A., S. B. Lukens, L. E. Jackson, and M. N. Deyoung. "Noise exposure in convertible automobiles." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 2 (November 25, 2010): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215110002355.
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AbstractObjective:To quantify the noise exposure received while driving a convertible automobile with the top open, compared with the top closed.Methods:Five different convertible automobiles were driven, with the top both closed and open, and noise levels measured. The cars were tested at speeds of 88.5, 104.6 and 120.7 km/h.Results:When driving with the convertible top open, the mean noise exposure ranged from 85.3 dB at 88.5 km/h to 89.9 dB at 120.7 km/h. At the tested speeds, noise exposure increased by an average of 12.4–14.6 dB after opening the convertible top.Conclusion:Driving convertible automobiles at speeds exceeding 88.5 km/h, with the top open, may result in noise exposure levels exceeding recommended limits, especially when driving with the convertible top open for prolonged periods.
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Arularasan, R., and Y. K. Sabapathy. "Fabrication and Testing of FRP Open Coil Springs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1065–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1065.
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Increasing competition and innovation in automobile sector tends to modify the existing products or replace old products by new and advanced material products. A suspension system of vehicle is also an area where these innovations are carried out regularly. Now days the automobile Industry has shown much interest in using Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) components replacing conventional steel components due to its “high strength to low weight” ratio. Therefore replacement the steel open coil suspension springs (in heavy automobiles) with Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) open coil springs with the main aim to reduce its weight and thereby reduce the fuel consumption to some extent. A semi mechanized pultrusion process (E –Glass and Epoxy Resin) and braiding process is selected for fabricating the GFRP open coil springs. It is then tested in lab to study some of the variable parameters. Keywords: Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) , Coil spring , Pultrusion
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Smith, Mick. "The Ethical Architecture of the 'Open Road'." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 2, no. 3 (1998): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853598x00208.
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AbstractThe motorcar is a mobile embodiment, expression and encapsulation of modernity's economic, environmental and ethical relations. The moral ambiguities of the automobile, as a vehicle of both individual freedom and environmental destruction, distil the equivocal costs and benefits of modernity itself. Any environmental critique of 'car culture' must recognise the automobile's role in expressing and constituting our individualistic and instrumental ethical Sittlichkeit - the ethical architecture that dominates the public and private lives of the modem citizen.
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Wu, Lan, Qi Shen, and Gen Li. "Identifying Risk Factors for Autos and Trucks on Highway-Railroad Grade Crossings Based on Mixed Logit Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 15075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215075.
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This study aimed to determine different influencing factors associated with the injury outcomes of heavy vehicle and automobile drivers at highway–rail grade crossings (HRGCs). A mixed logit model was adopted using the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) dataset (n = 194,385 for 2011–2020). The results show that drivers’ injury severities at HRGCs are enormously different between automobile and truck/truck–trailer drivers. It was found that vehicle speed and train speed significantly affect the injury severity in automobile and truck drivers. Driver characteristics such as gender and driver actions significantly impact the injury severity in automobile drivers, while HRGC attributes such as open space, rural areas, and type of warning device become significant factors in truck models. This study gives us a better understanding of the differences in the types of determinants between automobiles and trucks and their implications on differentiated policies for car and truck drivers.
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Shamah, Rania Abd Elmonem, and Shaymaa M. Elssawabi. "Facing the open innovation gap: measuring and building open innovation in supply chains." Journal of Modelling in Management 10, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 50–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-02-2013-0009.
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Purpose – This study aims to develop a standardized instrument to measure open innovation and trust. The instrument is designed to examine the willingness of those involved in supply chains (SCs) to apply open innovation. It may also be used to observe the potential role of customers, competitors and suppliers in improving the performance of SCs. Design/methodology/approach – This survey of the extant studies of Multinational Automobiles Assembly lines in Egypt involved a questionnaire, which was provided across all grades at the middle managerial level. This questionnaire was divided into two main sections. The first section was concerned with elements of open innovation such as innovation, shared values and shared knowledge. The second section was focused on interrelated types of organizational and extra-organizational trust. Findings – The developed instrument was designed to access and analyze the different types of trust required for the optimal application of open innovation. Its purpose was to enhance customer satisfaction, and to help to create better internal-customer performance and the provision of innovative products. This explorative study indicated that Multinational Automobile Assembly lines in Egypt are willing to apply open innovation methods to improve their performance. Research limitations/implications – The study had a number of limitations. As the survey was conducted entirely on Multinational Automobile Assembly lines in Egypt, the applicability of the proposed scale will need to be tested further on different countries and types of industry. Originality/value – There is little empirical research about implementation of open innovation. Practitioners and researchers should find value in this unique instrument tool.
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S.K, Ms Birajdar. "IOT Based Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Station System." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (April 27, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem31839.
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The automotive industry is quickly transitioning from IC engine vehicles to electric vehicles as we enter a new era of automobiles. The growing demand for electric vehicles is also driving up the number of charging stations. In this idea, the automobile is charged wirelessly through inductive coupling using a wireless charging system. All we have to do is pull the automobile into the charging station. Wireless Power Transmission is the process of sending electrical energy from a source to a load over a distance without the need of cables or other conducting wires. This project can open up new possibilities of wireless charging that can use in our daily lives. Wireless power transfer (WPT) using magnetic resonance is the technology which could set human free from the annoying wires. This system can be used to charge the battery of Electric Vehicle Key Words: Wireless, Power, Transmission, Charging Station, Magnetic Resonance.
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Upaphong, Phit, Pongsant Supreeyathitikul, and Janejit Choovuthayakorn. "Open Globe Injuries Related to Traffic Accidents: A Retrospective Study." Journal of Ophthalmology 2021 (February 4, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6629589.
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Purpose. To evaluate epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients sustained traffic-related open globe injury (OGI). Methods. The medical records of all OGI patients who were admitted in a tertiary referral center from January 2006 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Then, the records of injuries related to traffic accidents were identified and reviewed in detail. Results. Among the overall causes of OGI, traffic-related accidents comprised 92/978 (9%) of cases. Nearly half of the injuries (51%) occurred in the 20–39-year-old group and 59% involved automobile transportation. Globe rupture occurred in 48 (47%) eyes. Following treatments, LogMAR visual acuity (VA) significantly improved from a median (interquartile range) of 2.3 (1.9–2.3) to 1.7 (0.3–3.0), at the final appointment. Presence of relative afferent pupillary defect and presence of retinal detachment were predictors for poor final visual outcomes. Conclusions. Traffic-related OGI had a high prevalence in the young. The risky transportation modes were motorcycles in teenagers and automobiles in young adults. Despite treatment, there was a considerable proportion of impaired final VA. This information could help establish effective safety education and encourage regular adherence to road safety behaviors in the high-risk groups.
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Chen, Fu Long, Xiao Ya Fan, and Gui Chun Ma. "Study on CAN-Based Lighting and Identifying System for Automobiles." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 779–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.779.
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Head lamps, tail lamps, side lamps, roof lamps, alarm signal lamps and other lamps of an automobile constitute a whole lighting system, and identifying devices constitute a guarding system against theft and alarm. In traditional designs, each lamp is independent and controlled artificially by persons, and the automobile cannot show maintenance men which lamp is broken-down and needs mending or replacing. The lamp is either ON or OFF, and its luminance can be adjusted neither automatically nor artificially so that much energy goes to waste. Moreover, lighting system is isolated from identifying system so that they are difficult to manage by a uniform system. Currently, identifying systems of many automobiles key system, door-controlling system, UHF sending/receiving system, alarm system and so on. Once the key is lost or stolen, those persons that have not the ownership can also open the door of the car with it. In this paper, an ISO Standard (ISO 11898) for serial communication- CAN is introduced. Through CAN micro-controller provided by ATMEL, each lamp of lighting system is a component and can be interconnected. Identifying system, in which fingerprint encryption technique is utilized, can also be interconnected with lighting system. This system can be controlled completely, and has some advantages such as smartness, security, low power, low cost, etc.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Kočí, Pavel. "Zavedení programu na podporu prodeje automobilů ve společnosti Opel." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-166033.
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The topic of this master's thesis is implementation of the Opel Partner programme as new cars sales support of the importer Opel. Introductory theoretical part of this thesis is at first focused on explanation of marketing concepts and tools, that are in praxis very closely related to the Opel Partner programme. Next theoretical part concerns european automotive market and more detailly Czech and Slovak automotive markets with greater focus on Opel brand. Practical part of this thesis is fully concerned to Opel Partner programme. At the beginning, the programme is detailly introduced and the entire proces of it's working is described. In the next parts of practical section, there is detailed sales analysis and analysis of other followed indexes of the programme. After that selected marketing activities realized for sales support are evaluated. Final part of this thesis focuses on own recommendations how to enhance effectiveness of the programme.
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Haimad, N. "A theoretical and experimental investigation of the flow performance of automotive catalytic converters." Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/3f51aa95-571c-73d5-bee3-4b523cab0a1c/1.
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Considerable research is being carried out into the parameters that affect catalyst performance in order to meet the latest emission regulations. The conversion efficiency and the durability of automotive catalytic converters are significantly dependent on catalyst flow performance. Related investigations are commonly conducted using CFD techniques which represent an inexpensive and fast alternative to experimental methods. This thesis focuses on the flow performance of automotive catalytic converters using both experimental and computational techniques. The work describes the effects of inlet flow conditions on catalyst performance, the application of radial vanes to catalyst systems and the refinement of the CFD flow model which increases the accuracy of the predicted catalyst flow performance. the effects of inlet flow conditions on the flow maldistribution across the catalyst face and the total pressure loss through the system were assessed using a steady air flow rig. Tests were conducted over a range of Reynolds numbers typically encountered in automotive catalytic converters using a uniform and a fully-developed inlet flow condition. The results showed that the flow maldistribution significantly increases with Reynolds number notably in wide-angled diffusers. The catalyst flow performance is considerably improved when the inlet flow is uniform rather than fully-developed, the non-dimensional total pressure loss is reduced by 8% at Re=60000 and the flow maldistribution across the catalyst face is decreased by 12.5% and 15% respective Reynolds numbers of 30000 and 60000 when using a 60 degree diffuser. The total pressure loss through the system was found to be mostly associated with the monolith brick resistance. When the flow maldistribution is approximately 2, the pressure loss across the monolith brick represents 80% of the system pressure loss. The flow maldistribution across the catalyst face was improved by locating a system of radial splitters in the diffuser. The optimum flow performance was found to be a complex function of the vane design. A maximum improvement in the flow maldistrution indices M and Mi of 25% and 50% respectively was achieved at the expense of an increase in total pressure loss of 13.5% at Re = 60000. Both CFD and flow visualisation techniques were used as an aid to interpreting the flow field in the diffuser. Although a qualitative agreement was obtained using CFD, the flow maldistribution across the catalyst face was underpredected by up to 20%. The accuracy of the flow predictions was significantly improved by investigating the flow field in the monolith channels. Flow recirculation occurs in the channel entry length when the flow approaches the monolith channels at an angle which induces an additional implemented into four models of the flow through axisymmetric catalyst assemblies using various diffuser geometries and inlet flow conditions. By including the flow entrance effects in the porous media approach, the flow maldistribution was predicted within 8% instead of 15% when these effects are neglected. Further investigation of the flow in the monolith channels will be required to accurately model three-dimentional flows (racetrack catalysts) and to include various channel geometries and system flow rates.
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Tan, Z. "The development of the Chinese automobile industry since 1949 : the role of government." Thesis, Coventry University, 2013. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/7b0548cb-b6de-448c-851f-123c111607ec/1.
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This research analysed four main themes – role of government, globalisation, foreign direct investment (FDI), and industrial clusters in the context of Chinese automobile industry. The aim was to explore how these four elements were brought together to achieve industrial development and modernisation in the Chinese automobile industry since 1949. In particular, the globalisation process, speedily driven by the world economy, has been shaping the automobile industry in a profound way. With this mega trend, China was able to initiate a set of policies undertaken by the government to develop its own automobile industry in several regional clusters across the country, which in turn hastened the progress of modernisation. Moreover, FDI has been critical for remaking a once backward automobile industry into one that has large-scale assembly capacity, comprehensive local supply networks, and a new generation of indigenous car brands and models. The overall methods adopted for this research are semi-structured face to face interviews and case studies. In order to accomplish the research aim, 11 interviews have been carried out with key personnel drawn from the Chinese automobile industry. Participants have been chosen because of their expertise on this topic. In addition, three case studies were developed on the performance of three different types of firms operating in China: private (Geely), state-owned (Chery), and joint venture (Beijing Hyundai). Three cases were analysed in-depth in order to gain a rich understanding of the context of operation in the Chinese automobile industry. The key conclusions are both the role of government and FDI by multinational firms have been crucial to the development of the automobile industry in China and will be so for many years to come.
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Clarkson, Rory John. "A theoretical and experimental study of automotive catalytic converters." Thesis, Coventry University, 1995. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/cb5d72be-4f37-c710-5e08-df9c44201b6f/1.
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In response to the increasingly widespread use of catalytic converters for meeting automotive exhaust emission regulations considerable attention is currently being directed towards improving their performance. Experimental analysis is costly and time consuming. A desirable alternative is computational modelling. This thesis describes the development of a fully integrated computational model for simulating monolith type automotive catalytic converters. Two commercial CFD codes, PHOENICS and STAR-CD, were utilised to implement established techniques for modelling the flow field in catalyst assemblies. To appraise the accuracy of the flow field predictions an isothermal steady flow rig was designed and developed. A selection of axisymmetric inlet diffusers and 180o expansions were tested, with the velocity profile across the monolith, the wall static pressure distribution along the inlet section and the total pressure drop across the assembly being measured. These datum sets were compared with predictions using a variety of turbulence models and solution algorithms. The closest agreement was achieved with a two-layer near wall approach, coupled to the fully turbulent version of the RNG k-ε model, and a nominally second order differencing scheme. Even with these approaches the predicted velocity profiles were too flat, the maximum velocity being as much as 17.5% too low. Agreement on pressure drops was better, the error being consistently less than 10%. These results illustrate that present modelling techniques are insufficiently reliable for accurate predictions. It is suggested that the major reason for the relatively poor performance of these techniques is the neglecting of channel entrance effects in the monolith pressure drop term. Despite these weaknesses it was possible to show that the model reproduces the correct trends, and magnitude of change, in pressure drop and velocity distributions as the catalyst geometry changes. The PHONETICS flow field model was extended to include the heat transfer, mass transfer and chemical reactions associated with catalysts. The methodology is based on an equivalent continuum approach. The result is a reacting model capable of simulating the three-dimensional distribution of solid and gas temperatures, species concentrations and flow field variables throughout the monolith mat and the effects that moisture has on the transient warm-up of the monolith. To assess the reacting model’s accuracy use was made of published light-off data from a catalyst connected to a test bed engine. Comparison with predicted results showed that the model was capable of reproducing the correct type, and time scales, of temperature and conversion efficiency behaviour during the warm-up cycle. From these predictions it was possible to show that the flow distribution across the monolith can significantly change during light-off. Following the identification, and subsequent modelling, of the condensation and evaporation of water during the warm-up process it was possible to show that, under the catalyst conditions tested, these moisture effects do not affect light-off times. Conditions under which moisture might affect light-off have been suggested. Although the general level of model accuracy may be acceptable for studying many catalyst phenomena, known deficiencies in the reaction kinetics used, errors in the flow field predictions, uncertainty over many of the physical constants and necessary model simplifications mean that accurate quantitative predictions are still lacking. Improving the level of accuracy will require a systematic experimental approach followed by model refinements.
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Sturgess, M. "Selective catalytic reduction for light-duty diesel engines using ammonia gas." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/aa3c644b-15fd-429a-b457-a831d44c5dce/1.
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This thesis describes an investigation into the spatial species conversion profiles of a Cu-zeolite SCR under engine conditions at low exhaust gas temperatures; this was then compared with a CFD model that models the catalyst via a porous medium measuring 5 x 5 x 91 cells assuming a uniform cross-sectional flow distribution. Species conversion rates were sampled at fixed points in the axial direction. The analysis of the spatial conversion profiles is a more rigorous method in assessing the ability of a mathematical model to predict the experimental data. It can also assist in the optimisation of the catalyst size, minimising packaging requirements and manufacturing costs. The experiments were undertaken on a light-duty diesel engine at a speed of 1500rpm, and at a load of 6bar BMEP; this provided exhaust gas temeraqtures between 200 and 220°C. NO2:NOx ratios were controlled by changing the size and position of the diesel oxidation catalyst, the inlet NH3: NOx ratio was also also varied, ammonia gas was used instead of urea for the purposes of simlicity. The advantage of testing on an actual engine over lab-babed studies is that the conditions such as exhaust gas composition are more realistic. A 1D CFD model was constructed using the ‘porous medium approach’ with kinetics obtained from open literature. Results from the simulations were then compared with the experimental data for the same engine conditions. It was observed that the majority of the NOx conversion took place in the first half of the brick for all NH3: NOx ratios investigated, and that the formation of N2O via NO2 and ammonia had the same influence as the ‘fast’ SCR reaction just after the inlet, which the CFD model failed to predict for the base case analyses. The influence of the inlet ammonia on the model was also noticed to be greater than in the experiments. Simple transient analyses were also undertaken on the short SCR bricks for NO2: NOx ratios of 0.6 and 0.07, and it was observed that the response time to steady-state was noticeably higher in the experiments than in the model. Modifications made to the model, including decreasing the influence of the ‘fast’ SCR reaction, and the addition of an empirical term onto the ammonia adsorption provided a noticeably better agreement for different NH3: NOx injection ratios. The desorption kinetics in the model were also altered by increasing the strength of the bonding of the ammonia onto the adsorption sites. This improved the transient agreement between the model and the experiments, but reduced the steady-state concentrations at the exit of the brick for all NH3:NOx ratios investigated.
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Bastien, C. "The prediction of kinematics and injury criteria of unbelted occupants under autonomous emergency braking." Thesis, Coventry University, 2014. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/a75e046a-3ffb-4474-8b28-e3c19ffbb3b5/1.
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This thesis comprises a programme of work investigating the use of active human computer models and the effects of forthcoming automotive safety features on vehicle occupants; more specifically, their unbelted kinematics and sustained injuries. Since Hybrid III anthropometric crash test dummies are unable to replicate human occupant kinematics under severe braking, the thesis highlighted the need to research the most appropriate occupant computer model to simulate active safety scenarios. The first stage of the work focussed on occupant kinematics and developed unique human occupant reflex response target curves describing the head and torso relative angle change as a function of time, based on human volunteers’ low deceleration sled tests. These biomechanics curves were, subsequently, used to validate an active human model, asserting its torso response, while confirming that further development in its neck response was necessary. The sled test computer validation proved that only an active human model was suitable to model a pre-braking phase. The second stage of the work combined the occupant’s kinematics of the pre-braking phase, followed by a subsequent frontal crash into a rigid barrier inducing an airbag deployment. The results suggested that, in a 1g frontal deceleration pre-braking phase, the kinematics of an unbelted occupant within the vehicle compartment was complex and in some cases extreme. With the parameters adopted within this unique study, it was observed that occupant motion and position relative to the airbag system varied depending on awareness level, seat friction, braking duration and posture. Additionally, it was observed that a driver holding the steering wheel with one hand could be out of the airbag deployment reach due to extreme Out-Of-Position (OOP). Results also concluded that the dynamic OOP scenario was intricate and would yield to higher occupant injuries. Future studies, into brake dive, seat geometry, seat stiffness and cabin packaging, are recommended to capture the vehicle configuration providing the highest dynamic OOP safety risk. Finally, the investigations conducted, as part of this doctoral programme, led to the provision of new knowledge in the validation of active human models, a unique demonstration of the importance using human computer models, rather than crash test dummies, as well as the potential for the evaluation of future restraint systems in dynamics unbelted OOP, considering various posture scenarios.
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CONTRERAS, GIOVANNI Jesue. "VERSO - A SYSTEM TO ADAPT AUTOMOBILES IN EMERGING NATIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1123871237.
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Quadri, Syed Saleem. "The effect of oblique entry into an automotive catalyst on the flow distribution within the monolith." Thesis, Coventry University, 2008. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/bccfd1aa-e70b-7608-3d41-121b43630c1d/1.
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Automotive catalytic converters are increasingly used to reduce emissions from internal combustion engines to comply with emission regulations. Maldistributed flow across the catalyst affects its warm up, light off time, ageing, and conversion efficiency. This thesis concerns flow distribution in automotive catalytic converters and methods to improve CFD predictions. Previous studies showed that modelling the monolith flow resistance using the Hagen- Poiseuille’s formulation under predicted flow maldistribution. The predictions were improved by incorporating an additional pressure loss term V2 2 1 , where V is transverse velocity just upstream of a monolith channel, for oblique entry of the flow into the monolith known as the entrance effect. Further improvement was obtained by incorporating the critical angle of attack method. However, there was no experimental evidence to support these oblique entry loss formulations. There also remained the possibility that under prediction of flow maldistribution might be due to the failure to predict flow in the diffuser accurately. A one-dimensional oblique angle flow rig was designed and built to measure the effect of oblique entry flow losses in monoliths. Experiments were performed at different angles of attack (α), using different lengths of substrate and a methodology was developed to obtain the oblique flow entrance losses. The results showed that the pressure loss attributed to the entrance effect increased with the angle of attack. The entrance effect was also found to be dependent on channel Reynolds number and substrate length. The theoretical assumption of V2 2 1 predicts accurately at low Reynolds number but looses its validity at high Reynolds number. From the experimental studies, an improved correlation for the entrance effect has been derived as a function of major controlling variables, i.e., angle of attack, length of the substrates and Reynolds number. A two-dimensional rig was designed to measure the flow field using PIV in a 2-D diffuser placed upstream of two different length substrates. The results showed that the flow in a wide angle diffuser consisted of a central core, free shear layer and recirculation regions. The near-field region was found similar to that of a plane jet. The flow field was found to be independent of Reynolds number. Increasing the substrate length resulted in a flattening of the axial profiles close to the substrate face. A CFD study was undertaken to predict maldistributed flow at the exit of the substrate for an axisymmetric catalyst model by incorporating the measured entrance effect correlation. A fixed critical angle of attack (αc,F) approach was used whereby the entrance effect is assumed constant for α>αc,F. Incorporating the entrance effect with αc,F= 810 improved the prediction of maldistribution in the flow profiles. A 2-D CFD study was undertaken to predict the flow distribution in the diffuser and downstream of the substrate. A comparison of the CFD predictions in the diffuser using different turbulence models showed that all the turbulence models used in this study over predicted the width of the central core region and the V2F turbulence model gave velocity predictions that compared best with PIV. Incorporating the entrance effect improved the predictions close to the diffuser-substrate interface and downstream of the substrate.
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Taupin, Philippe. "Imaginaires d'ambiance automobile et sémiotique des récits : une approche d'innovation expérientielle digitale en Chine." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066329/document.
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L’innovation d’expériences accroît la valeur perçue des offres et constitue un levier marketing stratégique pour les automobiles autonomes. Les jeunes chinois représentent une cible élective d’innovateurs pionniers. Nous interrogeons la co-création d’expériences de valeur et la construction de la signification de l’imaginaire expérientiel qui résulte de l’innovation d’une ambiance en écho aux besoins d’hyperesthésie des passagers. L’objectif est de comprendre comment se construit cette signification en analysant le système symbolique de l’ambiance en Chine et la structure du récit de l’imaginaire expérientiel, à l’intersection des concepts d’ambiance, d’expérience et d’imaginaire. Après un détour par les pensées chinoises et japonaises pour enrichir les concepts d’ambiance et d’atmospherics défini en marketing, nous mettons en évidence leurs systèmes d’interactions et d’énergies pour conclure que l’ambiance est un système sémiotique, décrit par la sémiotique structurale. Par une approche empirique associant la technique des collages projectifs et une approche sémiotique des descriptions narratives qui les accompagnent, nous déterminons les structures des imaginaires expérientiels des jeunes chinois dans l’automobile de demain en environnement urbain. Nous apportons une contribution nouvelle de la sémiotique au marketing de l’innovation expérientielle et à la génération d’idées. Cette approche théorique valorise les clients lead-users en tant que co-créateurs d’expériences innovantes dont les récits imaginaires constituent la matière brute créative. Elle constitue une alternative aux approches de type brainstorming pour relever les défis de l’innovation en ruptureInnovating new experiences is an innovation strategy that increases product differentiation and the perceived value of offers for the future autonomous cars. Young Chinese customers are a relevant target group of lead users to co-create those experiences. We address the co-creation of valuable experiences with targeted potential users and the building of the meaning of experiential imaginary that results from innovations (based on digital medias) echoing the need for sensory atmospherics while strolling in the city. We aim at understanding how meaning is built and first analyze the ambiance in China in terms of symbolic systems. We analyze the narrative structures of the experiential imaginary, considering the narratives as a major component of ambiance experiences and imaginary. Preliminary research on Chinese and Japanese ambiance concepts highlights a system of interactions and energies, major components of the experience of the atmospherics. We adopt the structuralism point of view of atmospherics as a semiotic system. With an empirical approach that associates projective techniques to semiotic analysis of the corresponding narratives, we describe the structural system of the experiential imaginary of young Chinese customers when imagining driving in the city in tomorrow’s cars. Semiotics offers a novel contribution of to innovation marketing and idea generation of experiential innovations. This theoretical stance valorizes the outside-in paradigm of future lead-users as co-creators of innovative experiences, whose imaginary narratives are raw materials for creativity. This approach is an alternative to brainstorming and its limits for creating disruptive innovations
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Yamin, A. K. M. "Pulsating flow studies in a planar wide-angled diffuser upstream of automotive catalyst monoliths." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/e82aae35-8737-48e2-b73d-4758a88f5e1a/1.
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Automotive catalytic converters are used extensively in the automotive industry to reduce toxic pollutants from vehicle exhausts. The flow across automotive exhaust catalysts is distributed by a sudden expansion and has a significant effect on their conversion efficiency. The exhaust gas is pulsating and flow distribution is a function of engine operating condition, namely speed (frequency), load (flow rate) and pressure loss across the monolith. The aims of this study are to provide insight into the development of the pulsating flow field within the diffuser under isothermal conditions and to assess the steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions of flow maldistribution at high Reynolds numbers. Flow measurements were made across an automotive catalyst monolith situated downstream of a planar wide-angled diffuser in the presence of pulsating flow. Cycle-resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made in the diffuser and hot wire anemometry (HWA) downstream of the monoliths. The ratio of pulse period to residence time within the diffuser (J factor) characterises the flow distribution. During acceleration the flow remained attached to the diffuser walls for some distance before separating near the diffuser inlet later in the cycle. Two cases with J ~ 3.5 resulted in very similar flow fields with the flow able to reattach downstream of the separation bubbles. With J = 6.8 separation occurred earlier with the flow field resembling, at the time of deceleration, the steady flow field. Increasing J from 3.5 to 6.8 resulted in greater flow maldistribution within the monoliths; steady flow producing the highest maldistribution in all cases for the same Re. The oblique entry pressure loss of monoliths were measured using a one-dimensional steady flow rig over a range of approach Reynolds number (200 < Rea < 4090) and angles of incidence (0o < α < 70o). Losses increased with α and Re at low mass flow rates but were independent of Re at high flow rates being 20% higher than the transverse dynamic pressure. The flow distribution across axisymmetric ceramic 400 cpsi and perforated 600 cpsi monoliths were modelled using CFD and the porous medium approach. This requires knowledge of the axial and transverse monolith resistances; the latter being only applicable to the radially open structure. The axial resistances were measured by presenting uniform flow to the front face of the monolith. The transverse resistances were deduced by best matching CFD predictions to measurements of the radial flow profiles obtained downstream of the monolith when presented with non-uniform flow at its front face. CFD predictions of the flow maldistibution were performed by adding the oblique entry pressure loss to the axial resistance to simulate the monolith losses. The critical angle approach was used to improve the predictions, i.e. the oblique entry loss was limited such that the losses were assumed constant above a fixed critical angle, αc. The result showed that the perforated 600 cpsi monolith requires the entrance effect to be restricted above αc = 81o, while the losses were assumed constant above αc = 85o for the ceramic 400 cpsi monolith. This might be due to the separation bubble at the monolith entrance being restricted by the smaller hydraulic diameter of the perforated monolith thus limiting the oblique entry loss at the lower incidence angle.
Books on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Gill, Peter. Vauxhall/Opel Vectra service and repair manual [Mar 1999 to May 2002]. Yeovil: Haynes, 2002.
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Riedel, Manfred. Friedrich Lutzmann: Ein Pionier des Automobilbaues. Dessau: Anhaltische Verlagsgesellschaft, 1999.
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Schröder, Friedrich. Opel Astra H: Ab Baujahr 2004 : Benzinmotoren. Cham: Bucheli, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Enderle, P. "The Opel Production System." In Transforming Automobile Assembly, 133–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60374-7_11.
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Albertijn, Michel, Johan Van Buylen, and Leen Baisier. "Teamwork at Opel Antwerp." In Teamwork in the Automobile Industry, 346–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14933-9_16.
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Kone, Sarmada Madhulika. "Urban Topology of Car-Free Cities." In Humanizing Cities Through Car-Free City Development and Transformation, 185–203. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3507-3.ch008.
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New technological and automobile discoveries of the 1900s have transformed man's life. Modernism hasn't just brought institutional and sociological evolution in human society but has also brought cultural change. Industrialization and the automobile revolution have made man dependent on machines, and the influence is reflected in his ecosystem. Cities grew to accommodate automobiles, and today, car dominance is affecting the urban environment in terms of health and social interaction in urban open spaces. The car-free city is a new concept that every city has to adopt for a better tomorrow. The study focuses on different topological parameters of car-free cities and identifies different parameters to be considered while developing a conceptual framework towards a car-free urban environment.
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Kenney, Martin, and Richard Florida. "Consumer and High-Technology Electronics." In Beyond Mass Production, 218–60. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195071108.003.0008.
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Abstract More than steel or automobile or other heavy industrial sectors, electronics—and their crucial microelectronic components—are at the heart of the new industrial revolution in Japan. As Chapter 3 has shown, the largest share of employment and of value-added of any industrial sector in Japan is electronics. It provides a crucial source of technological dynamism for the Japanese economy as a whole and is a focal point for innovation and economic expansion. Tapping the global technological trend toward digitization, new developments in electronics in Japan open up new markets for consumer electronic products, are increasingly used in industrial products like automobiles and office equipment, and are perhaps the defining feature of new automated and computer-assisted industrial processes.
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Niu, Gao, and Alan Olinsky. "Generalized Linear Model for Automobile Fatality Rate Prediction in R." In Open Source Software for Statistical Analysis of Big Data, 137–61. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2768-9.ch005.
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This chapter demonstrates the descriptive and statistical modeling function in R. The automobile fatal accident data of the United States is extracted from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). The model will be used to understand significant contributing factors of automobile accident death when a fatal crash happens. First, descriptive analysis is performed by basic R functions and packages. Then, generalized linear model (GLM) with logit link function is explored and constructed. Finally, multiple validation metrics are introduced and calculated to ensure the reasonability and accuracy of the predictions. The focus of this chapter is to demonstrate the power and flexibility of the most popular Open Source Statistical Software (OSSS) through a real data analysis.
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"Discoloration of Open-Circuit Sensor Coil." In ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Automobiles and Trucks. ASM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.fach.auto.c9001624.
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Donzé, Pierre-Yves, and Julia S. Yongue. "The ‘Japanese Miracle’." In Japanese Capitalism and Entrepreneurship, 143–64. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192887474.003.0009.
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Abstract Chapter 8 examines how the ‘Japanese Business System’, characterized by keiretsu, a main bank, cross-shareholding, long-term inter-firm relationships, and control of the labour market, was created to suit the changing social context of the high-growth period. The chapter’s focus on this system is essential since it embodies the variety of capitalism most often associated with Japan and offered firms a stable environment for development without eliminating the need for foreign technology and government support. The chemical, electronics, and automobile industries provide examples of both the successes and failures of industrial policy, while the gradual liberalization of capital and trade illustrates the limitations of state interventionism. Economic growth during this period occurred not only at large firms; start-ups such as Sony quickly became large, global enterprises. After Bretton Woods, the rising yen led industries such as electronics and automobiles to open assembly plants in low-wage countries to strengthen their global competitiveness. This shift is important as it shows the dual dimensions of Japanese capitalism. On the one hand, communitarian capitalism offered stable conditions for business development in the domestic market, while on the other, the rise of global competition revealed its limitations as a model. Though vital to the understanding of the transformations in Japanese capitalism, the global dimension of Japanese business development is often overlooked in research on the high-growth years.
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Freyssenet, Michel. "Introduction." In One best way?, 1–7. Oxford University PressOxford, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198290896.003.0001.
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Abstract The ‘received wisdom’ about the history of the automobile industry is common to those who study it and those who work in it. Between 1920 and 1950, following a primarily ‘craft’ -based phase, both American and European automobile companies are said to have adopted the mass production system, characterized by a search for economies of scale, a sequential and segmented organization of design and production, and the utilization of an unskilled workforce. Because of this system’s inherent rigidity, it is said to have been thrown into crisis by the transition to a diversified and unstable replacement market increasingly open to international competition. Conversely, Japanese companies are deemed to have learned early how to rapidly adapt design and production to market changes and make profits in any conditions, thanks to a trained workforce who participate in cost reduction and quality improvement.
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Berggren, Christian. "A Second Comeback or a Final Farewell? The Volvo Trajectory, 1973-1994." In One best way?, 418–39. Oxford University PressOxford, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198290896.003.0017.
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Abstract The year of the first oil crisis, 1973, marked the end of an era for the Western automobile producers, and for the Swedish car makers Volvo and Saab in particular. During the 1950s and 1960s, they had enjoyed rapid growth and prospered in spite of being small-scale producers together accounting for only 1 per cent of global car production. Operating in a small open economy, Volvo and Saab were severely affected by the sudden transition to a low growth market. In 1974, Volvo announced its first deal in a strategy for continued expansion: the acquisition of the DAF company in the Netherlands. The same year, Volvo also inaugurated two new plants in Sweden, Kalmar and Skovde, both designed according to socio-technical principles, by means of which Volvo hoped to solve its severe personnel problems and safeguard future worker recruitment. These two events, the acquisition in the Netherlands and the high-profile departure from a Fordist plant design in Sweden, highlight two themes which continued to shape Volvo’s agenda into the 1980s and 1990s. The company’s struggle to survive as an independent automobile maker in a small, open economy has shaped its strategic orientation. Its efforts to respond to Swedish labour market pressures formed the basis for a distinctive production model.
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Sastry, K. Sitarama. "IOT BASED SMART PARKING." In Futuristic Trends in IOT Volume 3 Book 7, edited by Dr Santhi Chebiyyam, 37–46. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bdio7p1ch4.
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There is currently a serious issue with car parking systems in several multiplex systems. There are several parking spaces, thus finding a spot to park a car requires searching all lanes. In addition, a lot of men's labour is required for this operation, which requires a lot of expenditure. Therefore, it is necessary to create a system that shows clearly which parking space is available in any lane. Every lane in the project has an infrared transmitter and receiver as well as an LED and LCD display. In order to choose which slot to enter to park the automobile, the user entering the parking area can examine it using the IoT module involved. Traditionally, intelligent monitoring systems for parking systems are absent. Parking spaces are watched over by people. All automobiles enter the parking lot, wasting time as they look for a spot to park. It can occasionally cause obstruction. When there are several parking lanes and each lane has several parking spaces, the situation gets worse. Utilising an automated system will reduce the need for human labour when monitoring parking spaces. Here, the car in that parking space is being found using IR sensors. Therefore, if it is occupied, that information is available on the internet, and open slots are also displayed, allowing one to reserve a spot before arriving by using IoT. To prevent waiting, do this. Our controller is an AT89S52, and an IoT module is connected to allow us to view the slots online. For this project, a controlled 500mA, 5V power source is used. For relays, unregulated 12V DC is utilised. Voltage regulation is accomplished using the 7805 three terminal voltage regulator. The secondary output of the 230/12V step down transformer's ac output is rectified using a bridge type full wave rectifier.
Conference papers on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Wang Ruoping, Wang Guolin, and Zhu Maotao. "Notice of Retraction: Study on training mode of innovative talents under rapid development of automobile industry." In 2010 International Conference on Optics, Photonics and Energy Engineering (OPEE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/opee.2010.5508034.
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Chen, Peijiang, Liying Wu, Xiao Mi, and Xueyin Yang. "Study on the Construction of Online Open Course of Automobile Theory." In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management, Education Technology and Economics (ICMETE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmete-19.2019.78.
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Vyacheslav, Portola, Bobrovnikova Alyona, and Murko Elena. "Open Pits Automobile Transport Impact on the Environment and Labor Safety." In 9th China-Russia Symposium “Coal in the 21st Century: Mining, Intelligent Equipment and Environment Protection". Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/coal-18.2018.63.
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Trapeznikov, Ilya, Andrey Priorov, and Vladimir Volokhov. "Allocation of text characters of automobile license plates on the digital image." In 2014 15th Conference of Open Innovations Association FRUCT and 3rd Regional Seminar on e-Tourism (FRUCT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fruct.2014.6872421.
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Bertram, Torsten, Rainer Bitzer, Rainer Mayer, and Asmus Volkart. "CARTRONIC - An Open Architecture for Networking the Control Systems of an Automobile." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/980200.
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Shabaev, Sergey, and Dmitriy Boyko. "Justification of Requirements for Crushed Rock for Open-pit Automobile Road Topping." In 8th Russian-Chinese Symposium "Coal in the 21st Century: Mining, Processing, Safety". Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/coal-16.2016.11.
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Krauss, Ryan W. "Two Hindrances to More Accurate Automotive Crash Simulations." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68758.
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Automobile crashes cost the lives of 30,000 Americans in an average year. Some of these deaths might be prevented through the design of safer automobiles. Crashworthiness design relies heavily on computer simulations because reliable physical tests cannot be run until very late in the design of a vehicle. There are often discrepancies between simulations and the results of physical tests and these differences can lead to failures of critical tests late in the design cycle when correcting the problem is often costly and difficult. This paper discusses two hindrances to more accurate crash simulations: not being able to get accurate material data at impact speeds and the difficulty of modeling the contact between two colliding bodies during a crash. Getting accurate material properties at impact speeds is difficult because the testing often excites vibrations within the test device. The natural frequencies of the test device can lead to mechanical ringing that contaminates the impact response data. If the frequency of this ringing is not sufficiently high, it is very difficult to filter out this mechanical noise without affecting the material response data. Initial investigations have lead to the discovery of a test device whose internal resonances are well separated in frequency from the material response data, allowing material data to be filtered without adversely affecting the data. Two designs for an improved device are also being pursued. This paper also presents an open-source software module that is being developed for modeling impact and contact problems using the finite element method. The software is being written in Python and will be freely distributed. The open-source nature of the software will allow others to review, modify, and build on the algorithms for contact modeling. The software module and contact algorithms will be verified by comparison with experimental results.
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Srinadhi, K., Pragyan Gupta, Borris V. J. Britto, and Kannan Budda Thiagarajan. "Elemental effects of aspect ratio of buildings due to wind driven rain using open FOAM®." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FRONTIERS IN AUTOMOBILE AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (FAME 2020). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0034732.
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Naumann, Maximilian, Fabian Poggenhans, Martin Lauer, and Christoph Stiller. "CoInCar-Sim: An Open-Source Simulation Framework for Cooperatively Interacting Automobiles." In 2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2018.8500405.
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Lietz, Robert, Levon Larson, Peter Bachant, John Goldstein, Rafael Silveira, Mehrdad Shademan, Pete Ireland, and Kyle Mooney. "An Extensive Validation of an Open Source Based Solution for Automobile External Aerodynamics." In WCX™ 17: SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-1524.
Full textReports on the topic "Opel automobile"
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Razdan, Rahul. Unsettled Issues Regarding Autonomous Vehicles and Open-source Software. SAE International, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021009.
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As automobiles morph from stand-alone mechanical objects to highly connected, autonomous systems with increasing amounts of electronic components. To manage these complex systems, some semblance of in-car decision-making is also being built and networked to a cloud architecture. This cloud can also enable even deeper capabilities within the broader automotive ecosystem. Unsettled Issues Regarding Autonomous Vehicles and Open-source Software introduces the impact of software in advanced automotive applications, the role of open-source communities in accelerating innovation, and the important topic of safety and cybersecurity. As electronic functionality is captured in software and a bigger percentage of that software is open-source code, some critical challenges arise concerning security and validation.