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Brito, Kellyton dos Santos, Marcos Antônio da Silva Costa, Vinicius Cardoso Garcia, and Silvio Romero de Lemos Meira. "Is Brazilian Open Government Data Actually Open Data?" International Journal of E-Planning Research 4, no. 2 (April 2015): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2015040104.
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Open Government Data (OGD) hold great promise for transforming the efficiency and effectiveness of public services through the ease of publishing and access to government public information or through the offer of new kinds of services, such as smart cities services and applications. In this work, we analyze the Brazilian OGD current scenario and the main difficulties and challenges of developing applications using that data. First, we performed a structured analysis of Brazilian OGD repositories according to OGD definitions. Then, we analyzed the development of two similar applications that use the OGD of two main Brazilian cities and were submitted to different cities' application contests and were well evaluated in both of them. Based on the analysis, this work concludes that Brazilian OGD initiatives have to resolve some issues before being considered truly open data for use in application development at large.
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Purwanto, Arie, Anneke Zuiderwijk, and Marijn Janssen. "Citizen engagement with open government data." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 14, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-06-2019-0051.
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Purpose Citizen engagement is key to the success of many Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives. However, not much is known regarding how this type of engagement emerges. This study aims to investigate the necessary conditions for the emergence of citizen-led engagement with OGD and to identify which factors stimulate this type of engagement. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors created a systematic overview of the literature to develop a conceptual model of conditions and factors of OGD citizen engagement at the societal, organizational and individual level. Second, the authors used the conceptual model to systematically study citizens’ engagement in the case of a particular OGD initiative, namely, the digitization of presidential election results data in Indonesia in 2014. The authors used multiple information sources, including interviews and documents, to explore the conditions and factors of OGD citizen-led engagement in this case. Findings From the literature the authors identified five conditions for the emergence of OGD citizen-led engagement as follows: the availability of a legal and political framework that grants a mandate to open up government data, sufficient budgetary resources allocated for OGD provision, the availability of OGD feedback mechanisms, citizens’ perceived ease of engagement and motivated citizens. In the literature, the authors found six factors contributing to OGD engagement as follows: democratic culture, the availability of supporting institutional arrangements, the technical factors of OGD provision, the availability of citizens’ resources, the influence of social relationships and citizens’ perceived data quality. Some of these conditions and factors were found to be less important in the studied case, namely, citizens’ perceived ease of engagement and citizens’ perceived data quality. Moreover, the authors found several new conditions that were not mentioned in the studied literature, namely, citizens’ sense of urgency, competition among citizen-led OGD engagement initiatives, the diversity of citizens’ skills and capabilities and the intensive use of social media. The difference between the conditions and factors that played an important role in the case and those derived from the literature review might be because of the type of OGD engagement that the authors studied, namely, citizen-led engagement, without any government involvement. Research limitations/implications The findings are derived using a single case study approach. Future research can investigate multiple cases and compare the conditions and factors for citizen-led engagement with OGD in different contexts. Practical implications The conditions and factors for citizen-led engagement with OGD have been evaluated in practice and discussed with public managers and practitioners through interviews. Governmental organizations should prioritize and stimulate those conditions and factors that enhance OGD citizen engagement to create more value with OGD. Originality/value While some research on government-led engagement with OGD exists, there is hardly any research on citizen-led engagement with OGD. This study is the first to develop a conceptual model of necessary conditions and factors for citizen engagement with OGD. Furthermore, the authors applied the developed multilevel conceptual model to a case study and gathered empirical evidence of OGD engagement and its contributions to solving societal problems, rather than staying at the conceptual level. This research can be used to investigate citizen engagement with OGD in other cases and offers possibilities for systematic cross-case lesson-drawing.
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Corrêa, Andreiwid Sh, Evandro Couto de Paula, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti Corrêa, and Flávio Soares Corrêa da Silva. "Transparency and open government data." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 11, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-12-2015-0052.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify and to understand how current data portals comply with open government data (OGD) principles in the context of Brazilian local government. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, we assessed a sample of 561 municipalities from a universe of interest of 3,052 ones expected to disclose information using the internet. As part of our methodology, the authors analyzed the required items for active disclosure and the technical requirements, all enforced by Brazilian law and close to OGD principles which are the focus of analysis of the authors. Findings The findings generally show the vast majority of assessed data portals did not comply with the basic requirements stated by national law, consequently not complying with OGD principles, and prevent society from benefiting from government data openness. The authors also found arguments that the national law should explicitly reproduce OGD principles, as they demonstrate clearer understanding about the global context of open data. Originality/value The contributions of this work can be used to plan public data openness actions over the internet and envision effective accountability and public participation with clearer legislation and with the effective implementation of OGD principles in data portals.
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Zhang, Hui, and Jianying Xiao. "Quality assessment framework for open government data." Electronic Library 38, no. 2 (April 18, 2020): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-06-2019-0145.
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Purpose To gain an in-depth understanding and provide direction to governments on their quality measurement practices related to open government data (OGD), this paper aims to develop a common frame of reference for quality assessment of OGD. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative meta-synthesis was used to synthesize previous studies on the quality measurement of OGD. This paper applies a meta-synthesis approach to integrate 10 qualitative studies into a common frame of reference for quality assessment of OGD. Findings Based on a seven-step meta-synthesis, the paper proposes a common frame of reference for quality assessment of OGD, which includes six indicators, namely, accuracy, accessibility, completeness, timeliness, consistency and understandability. Originality/value A common frame of reference for quality assessment of OGD will help researchers better understand the quality assessment of OGD and government agencies to improve the quality of OGD that they publish.
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Bhandari, Sovit, Navin Ranjan, Yeong-Chan Kim, Jong-Do Park, Kwang-Il Hwang, Woo-Hyuk Kim, Youn-Sik Hong, and Hoon Kim. "An Automatic Data Completeness Check Framework for Open Government Data." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (October 6, 2021): 9270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199270.
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In recent years, the governments in many countries have recognized the importance of data in boosting their economies. As a result, they are implementing the philosophy of open government data (OGD) to make public data easily and freely available to everyone in standardized formats. Because good quality OGD can boost a country’s economy, whereas poor quality can jeopardize its efficient use and reuse, it is very important to maintain the quality of data stored in open government data portals (OGDP). However, most OGDPs do not have a feature that indicates the quality of the data stored there, and even if they do, they do not provide real-time service. Moreover, most recent studies focused on developing approaches to quantify the quality of OGD, either qualitatively or quantitatively, but did not offer an approach to automatically calculate and visualize it in real-time. To address this problem to some extent, this paper proposes a framework that can automatically assess the quality of data in the form of a data completeness ratio (DCR) and visualize it in real-time. The framework is validated using the OGD of South Korea, whose DCR is displayed in real-time using the Django-based dashboard.
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Mohamed, Mona, Sharma Pillutla, and Stella Tomasi. "Extraction of knowledge from open government data." VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems 50, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 495–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/vjikms-05-2019-0065.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a new conceptual iterative framework for extracting knowledge from open government data (OGD). OGD is becoming a major source for knowledge and innovation to generate economic value, if properly used. However, currently there are no standards or frameworks for applying knowledge continuum tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) to improve elicit knowledge extraction from OGD in a consistent manner. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a comprehensive review of literature on both OGD and knowledge management (KM) frameworks. It provides insights into the extraction of knowledge from OGD by using a vast array of phased KM TTPs into the OGD lifecycle phases. Findings The paper proposes a knowledge iterative value network (KIVN) as a new conceptual model that applies the principles of KM on OGD. KIVN operates through applying KM TTPs to transfer and transform discrete data into valuable knowledge. Research limitations/implications This model covers the most important knowledge elicitation steps; however, users who are interested in using KIVN phases may need to slightly customize it based on their environment and OGD policy and procedure. Practical implications After its validation, the model allows facilitating systemic manipulation of OGD for both data-consuming industries and data-producing governments to establish new business models and governance schemes to better make use of OGD. Originality/value This paper offers new perspectives on eliciting knowledge from OGD and discussing crucial, but overlooked area of the OGD arena, namely, knowledge extraction through KM principles.
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Khayyat, Mashael, Omar Aboulola, and Manal Khayyat. "HOW OPEN IS OPEN? A STUDY OF TWO IRISH OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA WEBSITES." Public Administration Issues, no. 5 (2022): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-5-30-44.
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In discussions of Open Government Data (hereafter referred to as open data or OGD) in the academic literature, the question of what is meant by the word "open"? has to date received only limited attention. The use of Open Government Data (OGD) has spread globally as governments make more of their data available via electronically accessible formats for individuals to use and share. OGD is seen as something that has the potential to play an important role in achieving transparency, and accountability, enabling new forms of civic participation, and stimulates economic growth and development. However, there is a need to examine OGD datasets to determine whether they are truly open. The purpose of this paper is to investigate OGD openness based on a number of existing or proposed open data definitions and principles. The principles proposed by the work of the Open Government Working Group will be analyzed. The methodology that has been used to collect the data includes OGD website content analysis, participant observation and semi-structured interviews using purposeful and snowball sampling techniques. The results in this paper are just part of the overall study. This research has not been funded. The research limitation is it has been done only in the Irish context. It is an original study with primary data. The conclusion of this research mainly demonstrates that OGD in the Irish context is progressing but requires further work to be open based on the principles proposed by the Open Government Working Group works.
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Sangkachan, Thalinee, and Nuttakrit Powintara. "Data-Driven Government." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 18, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.288070.
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Open government data (OGD) has become a trend in recent years. Previous research on OGD has investigated two main areas—supply and demand. However, little is known about how OGD supply is linked to OGD demand. This study is an early attempt to determine the mechanisms that explain how OGD transforms and impacts supply and demand. It also aims to determine the essential pre-conditions driving OGD development. Secondary data from 115 countries were analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that OGD as a strategic asset does not directly impact a country’s development; instead, OGD requires government capability (GC) to unleash its values. GC fully mediates the relationship between OGD and its impacts. In order to achieve OGD, information and communications technology infrastructure (ICTI) should be well designed and developed and there should be a high level of data security (DS).
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Saxena, Stuti, and Charalampos Alexopoulos. "Open Government Data (OGD) Research: Retrospection and Forethoughts." Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52823/idws4806.
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Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives around the world have rapidly expanded as a result of E-government (electronic government). In the past decade, research in OGD has increased, but the scope of OGD research has not expanded beyond four strands: research revolving around the literature review of OGD research; research focusing on the benefits and challenges of OGD initiative implementation; research on the quality of OGD portals; and examination of the usage and adoption of OGD. This study provides an overview of these strands and an outlook on the future of OGD research. In addition to summarising the discussion in the preceding sections, the conclusion presents the study's limitations and implications for practitioners.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Asymmetric Open Government Data (OGD) framework in India." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 5 (August 13, 2018): 434–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2017-0059.
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Purpose With the ongoing drives towards Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives across the globe, governments have been keen on pursuing their OGD policies to ensure transparency, collaboration and efficiency in administration. As a developing country, India has recently adopted the OGD policy (www.data.gov.in); however, the percolation of this policy in the States has remained slow. This paper aims to underpin the “asymmetry” in OGD framework as far as the Indian States are concerned. Besides, the study also assesses the contribution of “Open Citizens” in furthering the OGD initiatives of the country. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory qualitative following a case study approach informs the present study using documentary analysis where evidentiary support from five Indian States (Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal, Sikkim and Gujarat) is being drawn to assess the nature and scope of the OGD framework. Further, conceptualization for “Open Citizen” framework is provided to emphasize upon the need to have aware, informed and pro-active citizens to spearhead the OGD initiatives in the country. Findings While the National OGD portal has a substantial number of data sets across different sectors, the States are lagging behind in the adoption and implementation of OGD policies, and while Telangana and Sikkim have been the frontrunners in adoption of OGD policies in a rudimentary manner, others are yet to catch up with them. Further, there is “asymmetry” in terms of the individual contribution of the government bodies to the open data sets where some government bodies are more reluctant to share their datasets than the others. Practical implications It is the conclusion of the study that governments need to institutionalize the OGD framework in the country, and all the States should appreciate the requirement of adopting a robust OGD policy for furthering transparency, collaboration and efficiency in administration. Social implications As an “Open Citizen”, it behooves upon the citizens to be pro-active and contribute towards the open data sets which would go a long way in deriving social and economic value out of these data sets. Originality/value While there are many studies on OGD in the West, studies focused upon the developing countries are starkly lacking. This study plugs this gap by attempting a comparative analysis of the OGD frameworks across Indian States. Besides, the study has provided a conceptualization of “Open Citizen” (OGD) which may be tapped for further research in developing and developed countries to ascertain the linkage between OGD and OC.
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Purwanto, Arie, Anneke Zuiderwijk, and Marijn Janssen. "Citizen Engagement With Open Government Data." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 16, no. 3 (July 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.2020070101.
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Citizen engagement with open government data (OGD) can enhance the effectiveness of governments and improve not only the quality of public policy making but also public services provisioning and ability to address societal problems. Although previous research gives insight into citizen's drivers and inhibitors for engaging with OGD, they have not yet been integrated into a single conceptual model. The aims of this study are twofold: 1) to systematically review the literature on individual citizens' drivers and inhibitors for engaging with OGD and 2) to develop a conceptual model of citizen engagement with OGD based on the findings of the literature review. To attain this objective, the authors systematically analyzed 52 papers published in the period 2009-2019. Seven categories of drivers of citizen engagement are identified: citizen's profile, personal, performance-related, economic, social, technical, and political. Three groups of inhibitors are also identified: citizen's profile, technical, and political. This study helps in understanding how the engagement of citizens can be enhanced.
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Jiang, Shao, Liou, Shao, and Shi. "Improving the Sustainability of Open Government Data." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 22, 2019): 2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082388.
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In the context of big data, opening government data to society for development and utilization would improve the transparency of government work and promote harmonious social development. Improving the sustainability of open government data (OGD) is an important and challenging issue, and has received the attention of multiple governments. The goals of this study are to construct a new evaluation model for the sustainability of OGD that explores the main influential factors and amends the priorities. We used a combination of the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method and the Analytical Network Process (ANP) method known as DANP to construct an influential network relationship map (INRM) of the evaluation system and calculate the criterion weights. The INRM and weights can help decision makers understand the complex assessment system and set priorities for improving OGD. The results demonstrate that the improvement priorities of dimensions have the following order: impact (D4), use (D3), data (D2), and environment (D1). Economic, social, and political values are the three critical factors for improvement of the sustainability of OGD. Some implications for management are also provided.
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Petrović, Nevena, Petar Milić, and Bojan Prlinčević. "Using open government data for economic development." European Journal of Applied Economics 19, no. 2 (2022): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ejae19-39004.
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Publishing of open government data brings enormous benefits both to providers and consumers. On the one hand, governments increase their transparency and enable development of smarter and richer solutions, while on the other hand it enables various stakeholders to extract new information and create value from them. In this paper we investigate applicability of open government data for economic development and creation of value from published data. Different aspects of open government data consumption are explored, such as effectiveness, transparency and quality-and how they interrelate. They are of great importance for valorisation of open government data, and we will show that leveraging economic value of OGD must be accompanied by governments' ability to make high quality OGD available.
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Wen, Yean-Fu, and Yi-Ting Hwang. "The associativity evaluation between open data and country characteristics." Electronic Library 37, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 337–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-04-2018-0081.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to review the levels of open government data (OGD) among various countries that are not consistent with the development levels of those countries. This study evaluates the associativity between OGD Index (OGD) and the characteristics of those countries as well as to compare the degree of OGD among countries. Accordingly, an advanced discussion to explore how a country’s characteristics affect how that country’s government opens data was presented.Design/methodology/approachThe stakeholder relationships of OGD is analysed with the characteristics of a country. The usage data are compared with the data availability according to nine indicators. These data collected from the statistics and OGDI websites are grouped for comparative statistical analyses based on basic descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance and a regression model with variance inflation faction.FindingsThe results 1) revealed the reasons some countries have high-ranking indexes and 2) verified the high index values of countries in terms of their degrees of development. This study, thus, attempted to derive a balanced appraisal of national development and OGD.Research limitations/implicationsThe study sample is limited only to countries 1) which open the statistical data; and 2) are of uneven population density and development degree. The OGDI is limited to expert evaluation. The score might be vary to experts and users with diverse countries at different evaluation period. The limitations can be attributed to the differences between OGDI and real open levels. These differences might influence the reliability and validity.Practical implicationsGovernment departments with OGD policies provide raw data in various formats and with application interfaces for user access. This study, thus, attempts to derive a balanced appraisal of national development and OGD. The factors that evaluate which types of countries open the level of data are explored.Originality/valueThis study establishes stakeholder relationships of OGD and extends to analyse the characteristics of a country and OGD that affect the government data open level. The relationships are evaluated through the OGDI with design score scheme. The measurement results indicated that a country possesses high relation to open data with high DI and nature resource.
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Pradipta, Dhea Junestya, Septi Ariani, Dana Indra Sensuse, Sofian Lusa, and Pudy Prima. "IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY FOR OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA USING FUZZY AHP: CASE STUDY JAKARTA OPEN DATA." Masyarakat Telematika Dan Informasi : Jurnal Penelitian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 11, no. 1 (September 23, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17933/mti.v11i1.166.
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Open Government Data (OGD) implementation provides benefits for government performance and public services. Based on the Indonesian government's openness action plan 2018-2020, the importance of monitoring and evaluation of OGD implementation for sustainable development is emphasized. This study aims to prioritize criteria and provide recommendations for OGD evaluations at the Jakarta Open Data. Through the mix method approach, expert interviews have been conducted to test the validity of the criteria which then carried out the distribution of questionnaires to eleven expert respondents from five departments. The data is processed using the fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine each weight on twenty criteria in four dimensions. The results of this study indicate that in the short term, OGD internal evaluations in the DKI Jakarta provincial government can be done by assessing eight main priority criteria, namely accuracy, completeness, compliance, understandability, timeliness, openness, functionality, and reliability which are then based on overall criteria. These results are the basis for discussion in the Data Forum and the establishment of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to assist and accelerate the process of collecting, processing, verifying and validating data from 51 regional work units. Externally, the Jakarta Open Data team can pay attention to the conditions of citizen engagement in the OGD and the existence of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between relevant ministries or agencies that does not yet have data officers or information and documentation management officers for effective and efficient data processing
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Pradipta, Dhea Junestya, Septi Ariani, Dana Indra Sensuse, Sofian Lusa, and Pudy Prima. "IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY FOR OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA USING FUZZY AHP: CASE STUDY JAKARTA OPEN DATA." Masyarakat Telematika Dan Informasi : Jurnal Penelitian Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 11, no. 1 (September 23, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17933/mti.v11i1.166.
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Open Government Data (OGD) implementation provides benefits for government performance and public services. Based on the Indonesian government's openness action plan 2018-2020, the importance of monitoring and evaluation of OGD implementation for sustainable development is emphasized. This study aims to prioritize criteria and provide recommendations for OGD evaluations at the Jakarta Open Data. Through the mix method approach, expert interviews have been conducted to test the validity of the criteria which then carried out the distribution of questionnaires to eleven expert respondents from five departments. The data is processed using the fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine each weight on twenty criteria in four dimensions. The results of this study indicate that in the short term, OGD internal evaluations in the DKI Jakarta provincial government can be done by assessing eight main priority criteria, namely accuracy, completeness, compliance, understandability, timeliness, openness, functionality, and reliability which are then based on overall criteria. These results are the basis for discussion in the Data Forum and the establishment of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to assist and accelerate the process of collecting, processing, verifying and validating data from 51 regional work units. Externally, the Jakarta Open Data team can pay attention to the conditions of citizen engagement in the OGD and the existence of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between relevant ministries or agencies that does not yet have data officers or information and documentation management officers for effective and efficient data processing
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Almuqrin, Abdullah, Ibrahim Mutambik, Abdulaziz Alomran, Jeffrey Gauthier, and Majed Abusharhah. "Factors Influencing Public Trust in Open Government Data." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 8, 2022): 9765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159765.
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Open government data (OGD) involves exposing government data to the public, guided by the values of clarity, accountability, honesty, and integrity. This study investigates the impact of the perceived quality of data, systems, and services on citizens’ trust in OGD, with the information systems success model as the theoretical framework. A questionnaire was delivered electronically to reach OGD users around the world. A total of 358 complete responses were obtained, representing 63.58% of all responses. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the hypothesized relationships between constructs based on users’ responses. The findings confirm the impact of data, system, and service quality on citizens’ perceived trust in OGD. Moreover, perceived system and service quality had a positive impact on perceived data quality, and perceived service quality had a positive effect on perceived system quality. These findings indicate that OGD service quality affects data and system quality, making it the most fundamental motivator of citizens’ trust in OGD. This highlights the role of open government platforms in developing public services and providing users with complete and correct data, feedback tools, and data visualization.
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Ferencek, Aljaž, Mirjana Kljajić Borštnar, and Ajda Pretnar Žagar. "Categorisation of Open Government Data Literature." Business Systems Research Journal 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2022-0005.
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Abstract Background: Due to the emerging global interest in Open Government Data, research papers on various topics in this area have increased. Objectives: This paper aims to categorise Open government data research. Methods/Approach: A literature review was conducted to provide a complete overview and classification of open government data research. Hierarchical clustering, a cluster analysis method, was used, and a hierarchy of clusters on selected data sets emerged. Results: The results of this study suggest that there are two distinct clusters of research, which either focus on government perspectives and policies on OGD, initiatives, and portals or focus on regional studies, adoption of OGD, platforms, and barriers to implementation. Further findings suggest that research gaps could be segmented into many thematic areas, focusing on success factors, best practices, the impact of open government data, barriers/challenges in implementing open government data, etc. Conclusions: The extension of the paper, which was first presented at the Entrenova conference, provides a comprehensive overview of research to date on the implementation of OGD and points out that this topic has already received research attention, which focuses on specific segments of the phenomenon and signifies in which direction new research should be made.
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Nikiforova, Anastasija. "Smarter Open Government Data for Society 5.0: Are Your Open Data Smart Enough?" Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 5204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155204.
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Nowadays, governments launch open government data (OGD) portals that provide data that can be accessed and used by everyone for their own needs. Although the potential economic value of open (government) data is assessed in millions and billions, not all open data are reused. Moreover, the open (government) data initiative as well as users’ intent for open (government) data are changing continuously and today, in line with IoT and smart city trends, real-time data and sensor-generated data have higher interest for users. These “smarter” open (government) data are also considered to be one of the crucial drivers for the sustainable economy, and might have an impact on information and communication technology (ICT) innovation and become a creativity bridge in developing a new ecosystem in Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. The paper inspects OGD portals of 60 countries in order to understand the correspondence of their content to the Society 5.0 expectations. The paper provides a report on how much countries provide these data, focusing on some open (government) data success facilitating factors for both the portal in general and data sets of interest in particular. The presence of “smarter” data, their level of accessibility, availability, currency and timeliness, as well as support for users, are analyzed. The list of most competitive countries by data category are provided. This makes it possible to understand which OGD portals react to users’ needs, Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 request the opening and updating of data for their further potential reuse, which is essential in the digital data-driven world.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Utility of Open Government Data for PhD students in India." International Journal of Comparative Education and Development 19, no. 2/3 (May 8, 2017): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijced-05-2017-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the utility of Open Government Data (OGD) from the perspective of the PhD students in India. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews are conducted with 68 PhD students in India to solicit their perspectives regarding the utility of OGD for them. Convenience and snowball sampling was used for contacting the PhD students and the study was conducted among students of North India who are from public and private universities. Findings While some PhD students tap OGD for their research work, others use OGD as informational tools for broadening their general knowledge. There are also some PhD students who do not use OGD at all. There are challenges associated with OGD usage by the PhD students. For instance, the outdated and incomplete data available on the government websites prevent their optimum use. Likewise, information available on the government websites needs to be revised on a regular basis for proper utilization in research. Research limitations/implications The study approached PhD students for seeking their perspectives about OGD utility and further research is required with a large number of respondents. Nevertheless, the study leaves social and practical implications because while the study leaves insights for more involvement of PhD students in tapping OGD for their research, it also leaves recommendations for the policy-makers to take a pro-active stance by providing data sets regularly and accurately for improving government efficiency in public service delivery. Originality/value Hitherto, conceptual and theory-driven research on OGD has been undertaken and case study-based research works have been conducted to assess the challenges and prospects of OGD implementation in Western settings. Furthermore, prior research has solicited perspectives from stakeholders like public officials, politicians or citizens to investigate the difficulties in OGD use and policy-implementation. Identifying the research gaps in extant literature with respect to the aforesaid dimensions, this is the first study where the perspectives of Indian PhD students have been recorded in terms of the utility of OGD in research and other purposes.
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Saxena, Stuti, and Irfan Muhammad. "The impact of open government data on accountability and transparency." Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences 34, no. 3 (October 9, 2018): 204–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeas-05-2017-0044.
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Purpose Accountability, citizen participation and transparency are the three pillars on which open government data (OGD) is based. As such, OGD implies that the government shall provide data freely via the internet so that the same may be re-used for diverse purposes. It is hoped that by re-using government data, public value shall be co-created and government services might be improved upon with the involvement of different stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to underline the impact of OGD on accountability and transparency in the context of Pakistan where OGD initiative is taking roots for quite some time now. In the present study, the authors seek to investigate the challenges being faced by the professionals in the private sector and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) in Pakistan. Besides, the authors also seek inputs from the respondents in the manner in which OGD initiative of Pakistan has impact on ensuring accountability and transparency. Design/methodology/approach For conducting the review of the national OGD portal of Pakistan, the authors invoke documentary analysis wherein the authors investigate the features of the national OGD portal of Pakistan. Furthermore, the authors conducted structured interviews with 49 senior management representatives from private sector and NGOs in order to gauge the challenges encountered by them in tapping OGD from diverse online public sources. Findings Respondents aver that robust statistical analysis is not feasible via the data sets being shared by the online sources. More initiatives are required on the part of the government bodies to release the data sets which have remained confined in silos. Government should institutionalize an OGD policy and promote the re-use of OGD by the professionals from diverse backgrounds. At present, only educational data are being shared by the OGD portal of Pakistan and it is important that more data sets are being released in the public domain. Furthermore, the respondents perceive that in a bid to be more accountable and transparent, the government bodies should release data sets via the online channels which are user-friendly. Research limitations/implications The present study conducted a qualitative research where the number of respondents was relatively less. Further research is required by adopting quantitative approach in order to accommodate more respondents and lend reliability to the study. Nevertheless, the study holds implications for academicians and practitioners in the sense that while it is needed that further research be conducted on the OGD initiative of Pakistan, it is imperative that policy makers get involved in institutionalizing the OGD initiative of Pakistan at national and local levels. Social implications Professionals might be better involved in creating and co-creating products and services by tapping OGD. Originality/value Given that OGD initiative in Pakistan is in a nascent stage and research is wanting in exploring the nature and scope of Pakistan’s OGD, the present study seeks to contribute toward the existing OGD literature.
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Mustapa, Mimi Nurakmal, Suraya Hamid, and Fariza Hanum Md Nasaruddin. "Factors influencing open government data post-adoption in the public sector: The perspective of data providers." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 2, 2022): e0276860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276860.
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Providing access to non-confidential government data to the public is one of the initiatives adopted by many governments today to embrace government transparency practices. The initiative of publishing non-confidential government data for the public to use and re-use without restrictions is known as Open Government Data (OGD). Nevertheless, after several years after its inception, the direction of OGD implementation remains uncertain. The extant literature on OGD adoption concentrates primarily on identifying factors influencing adoption decisions. Yet, studies on the underlying factors influencing OGD after the adoption phase are scarce. Based on these issues, this study investigated the post-adoption of OGD in the public sector, particularly the data provider agencies. The OGD post-adoption framework is crafted by anchoring the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework and the innovation adoption process theory. The data was collected from 266 government agencies in the Malaysian public sector. This study employed the partial least square-structural equation modeling as the statistical technique for factor analysis. The results indicate that two factors from the organizational context (top management support, organizational culture) and two from the technological context (complexity, relative advantage) have a significant contribution to the post-adoption of OGD in the public sector. The contribution of this study is threefold: theoretical, conceptual, and practical. This study contributed theoretically by introducing the post-adoption framework of OGD that comprises the acceptance, routinization, and infusion stages. As the majority of OGD adoption studies conclude their analysis at the adoption (decisions) phase, this study gives novel insight to extend the analysis into unexplored territory, specifically the post-adoption phase. Conceptually, this study presents two new factors in the environmental context to be explored in the OGD adoption study, namely, the data demand and incentives. The fact that data providers are not influenced by data requests from the agency’s external environment and incentive offerings is something that needs further investigation. In practicality, the findings of this study are anticipated to assist policymakers in strategizing for long-term OGD implementation from the data provider’s perspective. This effort is crucial to ensure that the OGD initiatives will be incorporated into the public sector’s service thrust and become one of the digital government services provided to the citizen.
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Wirtz, Bernd W., Jan C. Weyerer, and Michael Rösch. "Open government and citizen participation: an empirical analysis of citizen expectancy towards open government data." International Review of Administrative Sciences 85, no. 3 (November 6, 2017): 566–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852317719996.
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Citizens are at the heart of open government, and their participation represents a fundamental principle of the latter. Despite their essential role and the great potential benefits open government holds for the public, challenges of use among citizens persist. Previous empirical research has scarcely addressed these issues from a citizen perspective. This study investigates the determinants of open government data use by citizens in Germany. Our results indicate that ease of use, usefulness, as well as transparency, participation and collaboration expectancies significantly determine citizens’ intention to use open government data, which in turn positively affects their word-of-mouth intention. Overall, the findings not only contribute to our understanding of citizen behavior in the context of open government research, especially shedding light on the key aspects of citizens’ usage intention, but also provide implications for both researchers and practitioners. Points for practitioners Citizen-based use of open government data (OGD) has multiple facets that practitioners should be aware of. Public administration needs to take account of the important role of accessibility and usability in providing OGD services, with the objective of meeting the major challenge of enabling equal access for all populations via appropriate channels and customization. The content-related preparation of OGD services should seek to enhance transparency, participation and collaboration, raising and shaping respective expectations among citizens. Finally, practitioners should pay particular attention to the opportunities and risks associated with word-of-mouth communication in the context of OGD.
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Kaasenbrood, Maaike, Anneke Zuiderwijk, Marijn Janssen, Martin de Jong, and Nitesh Bharosa. "Exploring the Factors Influencing the Adoption of Open Government Data by Private Organisations." International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age 2, no. 2 (April 2015): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpada.2015040105.
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Governments are increasingly opening their datasets, allowing use. Drawing on a multi-method approach, this paper develops a framework for identifying factors influencing the adoption of Open Government Data (OGD) by private organisations. Subsequently the framework was used to analyse five cases. The findings reveal that for private organizations to use OGD, the content and source of the data needs to be clear, a usable open data license must be present and continuity of data updates needs to be ensured. For none of the investigated private organisations OGD was key to their existence. Organisations use OGD in addition to, or as an enhancement of their core activities. As the official OGD-channels are bypassed trustworthy relationships between the data user and data provider were found to play an important role in finding and using OGD. The findings of this study can help government agencies in developing OGD-policies and stimulating OGD-use.
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Klein, Rodrigo Hickmann, Deisy Barbiero Klein, and Edimara Mezzomo Luciano. "OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA: CONCEPTS, APPROACHES AND DIMENSIONS OVER TIME." Revista Economia & Gestão 18, no. 49 (August 14, 2018): 4–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.1984-6606.2018v18n49p4-24.
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Government Open Data (DAG) is free, open and available data by public organizations and can be used in projects or integrated with new products, applications or services. Research in the OGD area has grown substantially in recent years, addressing several different conceptual approaches and dimensions. It is important to understand the concept over time as a way to better conceive researches based on contemporary approaches. Therefore, the present study aims to review and categorize existing researches about OGD, identifying which approaches are being adopted, which are the research strategies used, how the concept evolves and which are the most referenced articles. This study analyzed and categorized researches about OGD through a systematic literature review covering 193 publications presented in the main databases. Papers were analyzed through content analysis, through the steps of reduction, display, conclusion and double blind verification. The researches were classified into seven dimensions and under ten different approaches. Concurrently with the development of OGD global initiatives, new scientific papers tend to direct their focus to issues such as data quality and accountability. Through the results of this research it is possible to identify widely discussed approaches and those that can be further explored, as well as the development of the OGD concept over time and its dimensions.
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Myeong, Seunghwan, Michael J. Ahn, Younhee Kim, Shengli Chu, and Woojong Suh. "Government Data Performance: The Roles of Technology, Government Capacity, and Globalization through the Effects of National Innovativeness." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 12589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212589.
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The availability of open, relevant, and up-to-date public data is becoming an increasingly important dimension of national competitiveness and sustainable development. It serves as a foundation for novel technologies, such as big data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, to take root and flourish, and it can help improve the quality and efficiency of government decision making and render governments more transparent and accessible to the public. Often referred as Open Government Data, or OGD, governments around the world have committed resources to constructing various OGD platforms. However, building a robust and effective OGD system has proved difficult, as the promise of OGD has not been realized fully around the world. At this important juncture, this study aims to explore the relationship between national technological and organizational capacities and environmental factor and the quality of OGD systems. In addition, national innovativeness and the degree of “globalization” in a country and their moderating effects between the predictors and OGD performance are examined. Our findings indicate strong positive effects of national technological capacity, government organization capacity, and globalization on OGD quality and a positive moderating effect of national innovativeness.
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Saxena, Stuti, and Marijn Janssen. "Examining open government data (OGD) usage in India through UTAUT framework." foresight 19, no. 4 (August 14, 2017): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-02-2017-0003.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the use and acceptance of open government data (OGD) of different stakeholder groups in India. Design/methodology/approach Following an empirical investigation among 244 respondents in India, the paper deploys path analysis via LISREL. The conceptual construction of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework is used to assess the behavioral intention to use and accept OGD. Multiple regression analysis informs the relationship of demographic variables with the behavioral intention to use and accept OGD. Findings Path analysis showed that there is an increased use and acceptance of OGD among the respondents. Multiple regression analysis shows that men are more likely to use open data sets than women. Individual differences are found among the respondents with regard to OGD usage. Thus, while men may tap open data sets in line with their purposes and professional backgrounds, women are likely to tap the data sets even for non-professional purposes. Furthermore, the respondents who are younger in age are more behaviorally inclined to accepting and using OGD than their older counterparts. Practical implications The Indian government needs to popularize and familiarize OGD initiatives among the people to a greater extent. The utilitarian value of OGD may be provided when data sets are more user-friendly, frequently updated and accurate. This would facilitate in better provision of public services besides appreciating the public sentiment. Further, with increased interaction between citizens and the government, public accountability and transparency may be better realized. Social implications The study shows that different groups of people are engaging in tapping information through government websites and related portals. Societal influence was found to be an important factor which predicts the acceptance and usage of OGD. An infrastructure can help to enable the use of OGD. Originality/value Hitherto, studies have focused on OGD initiatives in the developed countries, but extant literature is scarce on developing countries. Therefore, this study seeks to fill the literature gap by probing OGD use and acceptance among different stakeholder groups in India.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Drivers and barriers to re-use Open Government Data (OGD): a case study of open data initiative in Philippines." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-08-2017-0045.
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Purpose Given that the Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives of any country are founded on principles of transparency and accountability, it is important that the data sets permit a user-friendly interface for the data sets to be re-used. This paper aims to underline the major drivers and barriers to re-use the data sets in the context of the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach In line with the model proposed by Sieber and Johnson (2015), the paper invoked an investigation of the national OGD portal of the Philippines following a documentary analysis research approach. Findings The OGD portal of the Philippines permits data search and sharing via social media. Data sets are available in user-friendly formats with a detailed description of the data set itself in the form of metadata. At the same time, the OGD portal of the Philippines has many barriers to re-use. Data sets are not current, and no attempts have been made at updating the records. While the provision of data mapping is provided, the same is not effective as of now. Conducting statistical analysis is not possible online and some of the links are not active. Finally, users’ suggestions are acknowledged, but the contribution of users toward the existing data sets is not permitted as of now. Research limitations/implications Given that only a single country’s OGD initiative has been investigated in the study, further research is warranted to undertake a comparative analysis of OGD institutionalization across different countries. Practical implications Government authorities are encouraged to be more proactive in furthering the OGD initiative. Policymakers and practitioners may appreciate the underlying barriers in re-using the data sets and seek to address these concerns. Originality/value The OGD initiative of the Philippines has not been investigated so far despite the rising tide of the OGD initiatives across the globe. Given that most of the research on OGD is focused in developed countries, the present study seeks to contribute toward the extant literature by investigating the OGD portal of the Philippines and underlining the major drivers and barriers in re-using the data sets available via the portal.
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Raca, Vigan, Goran Velinov, Stefan Dzalev, and Margita Kon-Popovska. "A Framework for Evaluation and Improvement of Open Government Data Quality: Application to the Western Balkans National Open Data Portals." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402211048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221104813.
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Open Government Data (OGD) has become a widely employed tool by governments around the world to promote transparent and accountable policy-making. In the context of societal actors’ ability to reuse such data, one of the most important features of ODG is its quality. Thus, through this research, we aim to address the level of data quality by introducing a new framework that constantly monitors and evaluates the OGD quality of Western Balkan (WB) National Open Data Portals. The advantage of the proposed framework is the integration on the portal level enabling information exposure about the quality dimension at any time. An additional value of the framework is the ability to provide recommendations with the intention of improving quality issues. The applicability and findings of the proposed framework are not limited to the WB and once contextualized that could be applied to other countries in the Eastern European that face similar data quality challenges.
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Park, Jong Jin, Eonyong Kim, and Han Jong Jun. "Development of an Open Government Data (OGD) Evaluation Framework for BIM." Buildings 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2022): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12040490.
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Open government data (OGD) provide an opportunity for developing various services by disclosing information monopolized by the government to the public so that the private sector can use it. The private sector is utilizing this to improve the work efficiency and productivity by collecting, analyzing, and reprocessing OGD for various work steps of a BIM-based design project. However, most studies on OGD focus on the functionality and usability of data portals and the factors for evaluating the data itself such as openness, accountability, and transparency. This study aims to provide an evaluation framework for OGD for the AEC industry to assess the data utilization environment in order to improve the productivity of BIM-based projects. Several OGD principles found within related literature are discussed, and from them we extract evaluation framework levels. Then, we validate the proposed framework by applying it to a case of developing a BIM-based design support system using OGD datasets. This research concludes by suggesting that to effectively utilize OGD in the construction industry, the private sector should simply view data after collecting them, create an institutional environment for creating new values by reprocessing data, and build an active data utilization roadmap based on this environment.
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Francey, Alizée, and Tobias Mettler. "The effects of open government data: Some stylised facts." Information Polity 26, no. 3 (August 17, 2021): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ip-200281.
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There is a general expectation that open government data (OGD) can lead to the generation of value for government, business, and society. However, there appears to be a lack of scholarly literature that empirically validates what this value is or how it emerges. This paper addresses this concern by exploring what empirical evidence currently exists about the effects stemming from OGD in the case literature. Through the use of a literature review, 17 papers capturing empirical evidence were identified and, from these papers, a systematic collection of statements was extracted from which 173 were retained to construct what we term nine stylised facts. The identified stylised facts depicting features and correlations provide some insights into the de facto positive, negative and/or inconclusive effects relating to OGD as opposed to simply opinions and beliefs.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Drivers and barriers towards re-using open government data (OGD): a case study of open data initiative in Oman." foresight 20, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-10-2017-0060.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to underscore the significance, drivers and barriers towards re-use of open data sets in the context of Oman’s open government data (OGD) initiative. Design/methodology/approach Following a qualitative framework, the paper invoked a documentary analysis approach to probe the OGD initiative of Oman. Specifically, the national OGD portal of Oman (https://data.gov.om/) is being investigated in the paper. Furthermore, the paper invokes a theoretical model of “citizen engagement” (“Data over the wall”, “Code exchange”, “Civic issue tracker” and “Participatory open data model”) proposed by Sieber and Johnson (2015) to assess the extent to which open data sets may be re-used. Findings As per the theoretical model forwarded by Sieber and Johnson (2015), the OGD initiative of Oman is a cusp between “Data over the wall”, “Code exchange” and “Participatory” models. Oman’s OGD initiative facilitates the re-use of the open data sets. However, there are challenges in re-using the open data sets as well. The paper underlines the prospects of better re-use of data sets by institutionalizing the OGD initiative across all administrative levels of the country. Practical implications This study holds relevance for practitioners and policy-makers in Oman to ensure the re-use of data sets is facilitated for generating public value. Originality/value Hitherto, research has underlined the significance of launching OGD initiatives in the West but studies in developing countries are few. The present study seeks to plug this research gap by underlining the significance of OGD re-usage in Oman’s context.
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Tang, Rong, and Jie Jiang. "Characteristics of Open Government Data (OGD) Around the World: A Country-based Comparative Meta-Analysis." Data and Information Management 5, no. 1 (November 20, 2020): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dim-2020-0026.
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AbstractIn this paper, we report the results of a meta-analysis of 50 publications on international Open Government Data (OGD) practices instantiated via their OGD sites or portals. Specific information about 67 individual countries’/regions’ OGD sites was extracted and compared, including the levels of OGDs, the number and types of data formats, the number of datasets, and the number and types of data categories. Upon comparing the data characteristics by types and countries, the top 10 countries based on the number of data formats, datasets, and data categories were presented. Significant correlations were found among individual countries’ number of data formats, datasets, and data categories. Follow-up research that examines, confirms, and traces the data processing capacity of international OGDs is currently underway.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Open Government Data (OGD) in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan: a comparative approach." VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems 48, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/vjikms-04-2017-0018.
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Purpose The main aim of this study is to do a comparison of Open Government Data (OGD) frameworks in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan and underscore the prospects and challenges in OGD implementation. Design/methodology/approach Basing itself on two OGD models offered by Kalampokis and his colleagues (Kalampokis et al., 2011) and Sieber and Johnson (2015) and the typology of “good” and “bad” data based on factors such as “usability”, “findability” and “understandability”, the study uses a documentary analysis for generating evidences by scanning the websites linked with OGD across the three countries. Following a qualitative methodology, countries shall be classified in terms of these models and the typology depending upon their OGD nature and scope. Findings OGD adoption in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan is at a nascent stage, and the OGD nature is of the “bad” type. These countries have merely “aggregated data” over their Web interfaces which are incomplete, outdated and do not permit analytics. Besides, there are a number of challenges which need to be overcome for proper OGD adherence. Nevertheless, there are a lot of prospects for harnessing OGD for improved citizen–government interaction by creating a culture of transparency, collaboration and accountability. Practical implications The study holds immense significance for government bodies to appreciate the potential of OGD which would go a long way to add social and economic value to propel the country’s growth. Originality/value No study has been conducted so far which compares Iran, Lebanon and Jordan in terms of their OGD policies; this is the main contribution of the study. Also, conceding the significance of the three countries in terms of their socio-economic indices, academic research is warranted in relation to these countries.
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Saxena, Stuti, and Irfan Muhammad. "Barriers to use open government data in private sector and NGOs in Pakistan." Information Discovery and Delivery 46, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/idd-05-2017-0049.
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Purpose Open government data (OGD) is making available data freely to all by the government with the aim to ensure accountability and transparency in government besides generating public value by its usage. OGD is an emerging government initiative in Pakistan, and there is a lot of potential for harnessing OGD for spearheading innovation and improvising services in different economic sectors. This paper aims to seek to investigate the usage of OGD in private sector and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach Documentary analysis is conducted to review the national OGD portal of Pakistan. Besides, structured interviews were conducted with 49 senior management representatives from private sector and NGOs to solicit their perspectives regarding the usage of OGD for professional purposes. Also, questions were posed regarding the challenges in harnessing OGD for professional purposes. Findings OGD has immense usage for private sector and NGOs; however, more initiatives are required on the part of the government to open their data sets. Further, involvement of stakeholders from the private sector and NGOs and other interested partners is required for an optimum usage of OGD in different economic sectors of Pakistan. Research limitations/implications As the research focuses on private sector and NGOs in Pakistan, the study requires a more broad-based approach to take into account the perspectives of different users. Further research is required to appreciate the role of contextual factors in determining the usage of OGD in Pakistan. Practical implications Government should be more forthcoming in its OGD initiatives and encourage collaboration from citizens, businesses, voluntary organizations and the like. Social implications Working professionals from different economic sectors should tap OGD for generating value by improvising their services. Originality/value The study is the first one to be conducted in Pakistan about the OGD initiatives of the country. Soliciting views from the key management representatives in the private sector and NGOs, the paper contributed to the extant OGD literature which is more supply-focused and not demand-driven. While conceding that there are ample usages of OGD for the different economic sectors, the paper underlines the need for refining the OGD initiatives of Pakistan.
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Linåker, Johan, and Per Runeson. "How to Enable Collaboration in Open Government Data Ecosystems: A Public Platform Provider’s Perspective." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 13, no. 1 (August 24, 2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v13i1.634.
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Open Government Data (OGD) is an important driver for open innovation among public entities. However, extant research highlights a need for improved feedback loops, collaboration, and a more demand-driven publication of OGD. In this study, we explore how public platform providers can address this issue by enabling collaboration within OGD ecosystems, both in terms of the OGD, and any related Open Source Software (OSS) and standards. We conducted an exploratory multiple-case study of four OGD ecosystems with diverse characteristics, using a qualitative research approach. Based on the cases, we present a conceptual model that highlights different attributes of OGD ecosystems that may help public entities in designing and orchestrating new or existing OGD ecosystems. We conclude that enabling collaboration in an OGD ecosystem is a complex exercise yet believe that it offers ways for public entities in how they can leverage open innovation to address their goals and directives.
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Lv, Hong, and Haiqun Ma. "Performance assessment and major trends in open government data research based on Web of Science data." Data Technologies and Applications 53, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 286–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dta-10-2017-0078.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the global progress and explore research areas and development trends of open government data (OGD) field from the Web of Science (WOS) database by applying the bibliometric visualization approach. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducted a bibliometric mapping study on OGD scientific research publications based on WOS from six aspects. Findings There are six research perspectives on OGD research. European countries and developed countries pay more attention to OGD movement. The 20 most cited and highly influential research documents were identified. What’s more, the analysis of journals level highlights the interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary characteristics of OGD research. Current six research topics for OGD research that have been formed and two major emerging research priorities in OGD research fields were identified. Research limitations/implications The limitation is that data retrieval result which decided to include only 180 publications in the WOS-indexed publications produced a bias against research publications published in non-WOS publication sources. A fuller research trend would be obtained with the more extensively used electronic databases. Practical implications By dint of bibliometric analysis, this paper may be able to quantify research patterns on OGD, to analyze what has been done in this field and to identify the main research hotspots. Therefore, it can aid academic researchers and practicing professionals in contributing to the field more effectively and advancing scientific progress in the field of OGD research. Social implications The results can also promote the study on OGD movement in academia, government and industry and also enrich the theory of OGD and provide some new perspectives for research on OGD. Originality/value This is the first study to quantify and evaluate global research patterns and development trends in OGD research based on WOS database, which provides a quantitative perspective on OGD studies that may assist in advancing the development of the field.
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Mutambik, Ibrahim, Anastasija Nikiforova, Abdullah Almuqrin, Yulong David Liu, Ahmad Yahya M. Floos, and Taha Omar. "Benefits of Open Government Data Initiatives in Saudi Arabia and Barriers to Their Implementation." Journal of Global Information Management 29, no. 6 (November 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.295975.
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Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives can deliver many cultural and institutional benefits. This is why many governments are trying to establish an OGD ecosystem. However, although many countries have made good progress in doing so, some face significant challenges. In such cases, country-specific studies can prove valuable in understanding not only the current situation, but also in defining the obstacles to progress. As far as the authors of this paper can determine, this study is the first to examine the benefits of, and barriers to, implementation of the OGD initiative Saudi Arabia. The study conducts and analyses interviews with Saudi Arabian government officials in both leadership and technical positions, in order to obtain an informed view of the OGD initiative in Saudi. The study contributes to the existing knowledge base by identifying the main benefits of the Saudi Arabian Open Government Initiative and the barriers to its implementation.
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Nahon, Karin, Alon Peled, and Jenniver Shkabatur. "OGD Heartbeat: Cities’ Commitment to Open Data." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 7, no. 2 (December 14, 2015): 116–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v7i2.410.
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This paper develops and tests a theoretical model, which proposes to examine cities’ commitment to the concept of open government data (OGD) according to three typical levels. Level 1, Way of Life, indicates high commitment to OGD; Level 2, On the Fence, represents either a low or erratic commitment; Level 3, Lip Service, refers to either scarce or no commitment. This study shows that these types exhibit distinct behavior in four key indicators: (1) Rhythm, (2) Coverage, (3) Categorization, and (4) Feedback. This theoretical framework is examined using longitudinal mixed-method analysis of the OGD behavior of 16 US cities over a period of four years, using a corpus of municipal quantitative metadata and primary qualitative data. This methodology allows us to represent, for the first time, cities’ evolving OGD commitment, or “OGD heartbeat”.
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Parung, Gary Alexander, Achmad Nizar Hidayanto, Puspa Indahati Sandhyaduhita, Karina Lia Meirita Ulo, and Kongkiti Phusavat. "Barriers and strategies of open government data adoption using fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 12, no. 3/4 (October 15, 2018): 210–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-09-2017-0055.
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Purpose This study aims to propose strategies to address the identified major barriers for giving the public open access to government data. The study adopts fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (AHP-TOPSIS) to weigh the barriers and strategies, and it subsequently involves experts to identify and weigh the barriers and strategies. A case of Indonesia is used to contextualize the study. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected using fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS-based questionnaires given to several government representatives who had been working with data and information. The respondents were given sets of pairwise comparisons of which they were asked to compare the level of importance using one to nine fuzzy numbers between barriers and strategies. The data were then calculated using the fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS formula to obtain each weight of the barriers and strategies. The weight is used to prioritize the barrier and strategies. Findings In total, five barrier categories in the order of importance, namely, legal and privacy; government culture; social; technical; and economic, were identified from 27 barriers. In total, ten strategies of open government data (OGD) adoption were identified and ranked in the order of importance, and they can be grouped into five priorities. Priority 1 is to involve stakeholders in OGD planning and establish an OGD competence center. Priority 2 is to develop a legal compliance framework. Priority 3 is to adopt OGD gradually. Priority 4 is to create a collaboration feature on the portal for stakeholder communication and raise public awareness of OGD. Priority 5, finally, is to conduct training for government officials, develop standard operating practice for OGD management, use standard data formats and provide metadata. Research limitations/implications This study provides a perspective from the government’s view. One suggestion for future research is to conduct a study from the public’s perspective to formulate strategies based on the identified citizens’ barriers in using OGD. In addition, cross-country (of different characteristics) studies were required to generalize the findings. Practical implications The first strategy of the first priority implies that government institutions should be able to develop a preliminary plan to involve relevant stakeholders in OGD planning, which includes identifying relevant stakeholders and continuously engaging them to participate in the planning phase of OGD. The second strategy in the first priority entails that government institutions should realize an OGD competence center by creating a virtual team whose members are from various backgrounds and who are very knowledgeable about OGD and how to manage OGD in government institutions. Originality/value This research provides key strategies to address the main barriers to giving the public open access to government data.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Summarizing the decadal literature in open government data (OGD) research: a systematic review." foresight 20, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 648–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-07-2018-0074.
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Purpose This paper aims to summarize the open government data (OGD) research which has been become an increasingly engaging domain for the academic community. Design/methodology/approach Scanning the literature on OGD, the paper underlines the different strands observable in the OGD-based research. The paper concludes with research pointers, limitations and implications for practitioners. Findings OGD has been investigated from different angles, and there is a need for more empirical investigation across contexts. Originality/value The paper serves as a reference point for OGD research.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Open government data (OGD) in six Middle East countries: an evaluation of the national open data portals." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 310–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-10-2017-0055.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to do provide an overview of open government data (OGD) frameworks in six Middle East countries (Cyprus, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, Lebanon and Jordan) and to underscore the barriers in using the open data sets.Design/methodology/approachOGD framework offered by Sieber and Johnson (2015) is deployed for the present purpose. Primarily, documentary analysis is being used for substantiating the study and the national portals of the six countries are investigated.FindingsIn line with the frameworks chosen for this study, OGD initiatives across the six Middle East countries are at an emerging phase. All the six countries qualify for the “data over the wall” model as advanced by Sieber and Johnson (2015), wherein there are basic provisions of “data aggregation.” Furthermore, the data are incomplete and outdated, which serve as barriers in using these data sets for analysis and interpretation. Therefore, there are a number of barriers in using the open data sets. However, there are many prospects for using these data sets which would improve public accountability and transparency in the long run.Practical implicationsBesides helping in improved decision-making, the governments may be in a better position to appreciate the relevance of adopting a robust OGD initiative in facilitating the economic growth of their country.Social implicationsThis study is relevant for ensuring that citizen engagement is promoted and there is co-creation of public value.Originality/valueHitherto, OGD has been investigated in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates) but the other countries in Middle East have not been investigated. This study selects six countries outside the GCC ambit and investigates the nature and scope of OGD initiatives in each of them apart from underlining the barriers in using the open data sets.
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Khurshid, Muhammad Mahboob, Nor Hidayati Zakaria, Muhammad Irfanullah Arfeen, Ammar Rashid, Safi Ullah Nasir, and Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Shehzad. "Factors Influencing Citizens’ Intention to Use Open Government Data—A Case Study of Pakistan." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6010031.
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Open government data (OGD) has gained much attention worldwide; however, there is still an increasing demand for exploring research from the perspective of its adoption and diffusion. Policymakers expect that OGD will be used on a large scale by the public, which will result in a range of benefits, such as: faith and trust in governments, innovation and development, and participatory governance. However, not much is known about which factors influence the citizens’ intention to use OGD. Therefore, this research aims at empirically investigating the factors that influence citizens’ intention to use OGD in a developing country using information systems theory. Improved knowledge and understanding of the influencing factors can assist policymakers in determining which policy initiatives they can take to increase the intention to widely use OGD. Upon conducting a survey and performing analysis, findings reveal that perceived usefulness, social approval, and enjoyment positively influences intention, whereas voluntariness of use negatively influences OGD use. Further, perceived usefulness is significantly affected by perceived ease of use, and OGD use is significantly affected by OGD use intention. However, surprisingly, the intention to use OGD is not significantly affected by perceived ease of use. The policymakers suggest increasing the intention to use OGD by considering significant factors.
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Jayadi, Puguh, and Juwari Juwari. "Metode Prototyping pada Aplikasi Lumbung Padi dengan Pemanfaatan Open Government Data." Jurnal Tekno Kompak 16, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/jtk.v16i1.1510.
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Open Government Data (OGD) merupakan kumpulan dataset yang salah satunya disediakan oleh pemerintah melalui Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) yang bisa diakses dan dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai keperluan. Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan aplikasi berdasarkan rancanganmenggunakan metode prototyping yang memanfaatkan OGD sebagai dasarnya. Dengan menggunakan data OGD yang terhimpun diharapkan akan memberikan hasil aplikasi yang lebih tepat guna sesuai kebutuhan pengguna. Metode prototyping merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan memanfaatkan pemodelan awal atau rancangan model dari suatu aplikasi yang nantinya dijadikan acuan pengembangan. Untuk menghasilkan rancangan tersebut diperlukan bahan awal selain selain analisis kebutuhan pengguna, keperluan fituryaitu data yang nantinya digunakan pada aplikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembuatan rancangan awal dengan menggunakan OGD menghasilkan aplikasi yang lebih realistis, dinamis, mudah dalam penggunaan serta lebih dini untuk diidentifikasi harapan pengguna terhadap yang dapat dikembangkan. Pada pengujian fungsional fitur aplikasi menunjukan hasil sesuai yang dibutuhkan oleh pengguna
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Hermanto, Agus, Solimun Solimun, Adji Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes, Wahyono Wahyono, and Zulkarnain Zulkarnain. "The importance of open government data for the private sector and NGOs in Indonesia." Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dprg-09-2017-0047.
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PurposeOpen government data (OGD) is making data available free to all by the government with the aim of ensuring accountability and transparency in government besides generating public value by its usage. OGD is an emerging government initiative in Indonesia and there is potential for harnessing OGD for spearheading innovation and improvising services in different economic sectors. This paper aims to investigate the usage of OGD in the private sector and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachDocumentary analysis was conducted to review the national OGD portal of Indonesia. Structured interviews were conducted with 49 senior management representatives from the private sector and NGOs to solicit their perspectives regarding the usage of OGD for professional purposes. Also, questions were posed regarding the challenges in harnessing OGD for professional purposes.FindingsOGD has immense potential for private sector and NGOs; however, more initiatives are required on the part of the government to open their data sets. Further, involvement of stakeholders from the private sector and NGOs and other interested partners is required for an optimum usage of OGD in different economic sectors of Indonesia.Research limitations/implicationsAs the research focuses on the private sector and NGOs in Indonesia, the study requires a more broad-based approach to consider the perspectives of different users. Further research is required to appreciate the role of contextual factors in determining the usage of OGD in Indonesia.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first to be conducted in Indonesia about the OGD initiatives of the country. Soliciting views from the key management representatives in the private sector and NGOs, the paper contributes to the extant OGD literature, which is more supply-focused and not demand-driven. While conceding that there are ample usages of OGD for the different economic sectors, the paper underlines the need for refining the OGD initiatives of Indonesia.
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Kawashita, Ilka, Ana Alice Baptista, and Delfina Soares. "Open Government Data Use in the Brazilian States and Federal District Public Administrations." Data 7, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data7010005.
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This research investigates whether, why, and how open government data (OGD) is used and reused by Brazilian state and district public administrations. A new online questionnaire was developed and collected data from 26 of the 27 federation units between June and July 2021. The resulting dataset was cleaned and anonymized. It contains an insight on 158 parameters for 26 federation units explored. This article describes the questionnaire metadata and the methods applied to collect and treat data. The data file was divided into four sections: respondent profile (identify the respondent and his workplace), OGD use/consumption, what OGD is used for by public administrations, and why OGD is used by public administrations (benefits, barriers, drivers, and barriers to OGD use/reuse). Results provide the state of the play of OGD use/reuse in the federation units administrations. Therefore, they could be used to inform open data policy and decision-making processes. Furthermore, they could be the starting point for discussing how OGD could better support the digital transformation in the public sector.
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Saxena, Stuti. "Prospects of open government data (OGD) in facilitating the economic diversification of GCC region." Information and Learning Science 118, no. 5/6 (May 8, 2017): 214–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ils-04-2017-0023.
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Purpose As the ongoing oil prices’ crisis is emerging as a major cause of concern for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, the constituent governments are attempting at undertaking measures of economic diversification to attain long-term sustainability. The author posits that open government data (OGD) has a significant role to play in facilitating the economic turnaround of the GCC region, given that OGD promotes innovation and economic growth besides providing avenues for collaboration and participation among different stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach Following a structured literature review, the paper scans literature on OGD followed by providing a typology of countries on the basis of their OGD-adherence (“laggard”, “caged”, “forerunner” and “champ”). This is followed by a discussion on the ongoing oil prices’ crisis, and evidentiary support is lent by examples from the OGD portals of each of the six GCC countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates) to provide indicators as to how a robust OGD implementation may support their economic diversification objectives. Findings Although the present OGD framework of the GCC is relatively weak, it is asserted that OGD has immense potential in facilitating the economic diversification initiatives of the GCC countries. Therefore, the GCC needs to strategize upon institutionalization of their OGD initiatives for realizing their “vision” and goals of economic diversification to result in an economic turnaround effectively. Originality/value Besides providing a typology of countries as OGD-adherents and categorizing GCC as “forerunner(s)” on the basis of the typology, the originality of the study lies in its attempt to answer the research question: “what is the role of the OGD in facilitating the economic diversification of the GCC?” Conceding that the research on OGD in the GCC context is few and far between, the present study is a significant contribution to the extant literature pertaining to the roll-out of OGD in developing countries.
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Gottfried, Anne, Caroline Hartmann, and Donald Yates. "Mining Open Government Data for Business Intelligence Using Data Visualization: A Two-Industry Case Study." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 4 (March 18, 2021): 1042–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16040059.
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The business intelligence (BI) market has grown at a tremendous rate in the past decade due to technological advancements, big data and the availability of open source content. Despite this growth, the use of open government data (OGD) as a source of information is very limited among the private sector due to a lack of knowledge as to its benefits. Scant evidence on the use of OGD by private organizations suggests that it can lead to the creation of innovative ideas as well as assist in making better informed decisions. Given the benefits but lack of use of OGD to generate business intelligence, we extend research in this area by exploring how OGD can be used to generate business intelligence for the identification of market opportunities and strategy formulation; an area of research that is still in its infancy. Using a two-industry case study approach (footwear and lumber), we use latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling to extract emerging topics in these two industries from OGD, and a data visualization tool (pyLDAVis) to visualize the topics in order to interpret and transform the data into business intelligence. Additionally, we perform an environmental scanning of the environment for the two industries to validate the usability of the information obtained. The results provide evidence that OGD can be a valuable source of information for generating business intelligence and demonstrate how topic modeling and visualization tools can assist organizations in extracting and analyzing information for the identification of market opportunities.
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Cruose, Jonathan, and Karin Ahlin. "Publishers Working with Open Government Data: A Work Framework." JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government 14, no. 1 (July 19, 2022): 19–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29379/jedem.v14i1.688.
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This paper presents an Open Government Data (OGD) publisher framework, with work roles, field of work, and environmental descriptions. Previous knowledge about publishers' work is fragmented, with gaps and variations, indicating a high level of complexity with variations in approaches and processes. A two-stage research approach, based on Design Science Research, was used to synthesize the publisher framework. First, a tentative framework was synthesized from previous research, empirical material, and public documents. Second, it was reviewed by informed OGD experts, as well as researchers attending a work conference, and evaluated in two international contexts. As a result, the publisher framework includes environments, social units, and fields of work. The publisher framework is ready to be evaluated in other international contexts, where as, practitioners can use it to inform their work.
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Huang, Ruhua, Chunying Wang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Dan Wu, and Qingwen Xie. "Design, develop and evaluate an open government data platform: a user-centred approach." Electronic Library 37, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 550–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-02-2019-0037.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of designing, developing and evaluating a prototype of an open government data (OGD) platform that provided user-centred experiences. Design/methodology/approach Based on the OGD lifecycle, an OGD prototype was created, which involved the system functionality, user interface, standard specification and security mechanism. The main functionalities of the system included data acquisition, data processing and data management. A usability test was conducted following the prototype implementation. Findings The usability test indicated that an OGD platform was desired to help the public to find, access, reuse and share government data effectively and efficiently. Functions, such as visualization, local download and digital watermark should be provided and integrated into the platform. Originality/value This paper provided a complete case study on the design of an OGD platform and a reference for information system developers to design such system in the future.