To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Open ground story.
Journal articles on the topic 'Open ground story'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Open ground story.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sagar H and Naveen R. "Seismic Response of Open Ground Story Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Considering with Soil-Structure Interaction." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 10 (2024): 2503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0343.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the seismic behavior of open-ground story (OGS) reinforced concrete buildings with soil-structure interaction (SSI) using SAP2000. The study mainly focused on mid-rise (8-storey) and low-rise (4-storey) OGS buildings, incorporating different masonry infill materials such as brick, concrete blocks, and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks. Selected ground motions from the Bhuj, El Centro, and Chi-Chi earthquakes were utilized to simulate varying seismic intensities and frequency content. Critical parameters such as top-story displacement and inter-story drift are analyzed to assess the structural safety and serviceability of RC buildings. The results demonstrate that both OGS coupled with SSI and masonry infill type significantly affect the displacement and drift, with mid-rise buildings showing more pronounced impacts. Furthermore, ground motion characteristics are critical in producing different response patterns. The study highlights the importance of considering SSI, infill materials, and ground motion characteristics in the design of OGS buildings to enhance earthquake resilience and reduce seismic damage.
2
Islam, Md Shafiqul, and Aojoy Kumar Shuvo. "Comparative study of strengthening strategies for reinforced concrete frame with soft ground story." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 8, no. 4 (2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2017.04.003.
Full textAbstract:
One of the common forms of reinforced concrete (RC) framed building is to provide parking facility at ground level which is created by not providing any infill masonry at parking floor level. Due to the presence of infill walls in the entire upper story except for the ground story makes the upper stories much stiffer than the open ground story resulting in their poor performance during earthquakes. So strengthening of such reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings with an open ground story is indispensable. In the present study several Strengthening options were evaluated for their effectiveness in improving the performance of such building without disturbing the parking facility of ground story based on linear and nonlinear analysis. The strengthening techniques studied were changing column dimension, providing diagonal bracing, lateral buttresses, shear wall, and providing chevron. The Strengthened building results were compared with the results of the original structure to deduce the structural performance improvement and cost associated to each solution were determined to develop cost efficiency relation for different strengthening technique. Providing lateral buttresses in the open first story was found to be more feasible in both case of increase ground story strength and economic point of view among all strengthening options.
3
Cabrera, José L., Sonia E. Ruiz, and Amador Teran-Gilmore. "Open Ground Story Mid-Rise Buildings Represented by Simplified Systems." Buildings 14, no. 5 (2024): 1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051269.
Full textAbstract:
An improved methodology for the condensation of Multi-Degree-Of-Freedom (MDOF) systems to equivalent Two-Degree-Of-Freedom (2EDOF) systems is presented. The methodology is applied to mid-rise buildings with Open Ground-Story and verified by means of Nonlinear Time History Analyses. The buildings studied are divided into two main segments: (a) ground story, whose stiffness and lateral strength are both provided only by reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames; and (b) from the second story to the roof, whose stiffness and lateral strength are provided by confined masonry walls. The proposed methodology allows us to do the following: (a) get the closest approximation to the real behavior of the MDOF system through the use of hysteresis rules with strength and stiffness degradation in the simplified system; (b) analyze the behavior of an OGS whose lateral stiffness is lower than the stiffness of the stories above; and (c) identify in which of the two subsystems (either the ground story with reinforced concrete frames or the second story with masonry) the maximum seismic demand of non-linear behavior occurs. For most of the cases studied and different scenarios of non-linear behavior, the 2EDOF simplified system reasonably approximates the MDOF system’s response; however, when a local failure in an upper story causes the collapse mechanism, the 2EDOF system does not adequately approximate the response of the MDOF system.
4
Shilpa S and Navith K B. "Behavioural Study of Infill’s Walls on Soft Story Building." September 2021 7, no. 09 (2021): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0709013.
Full textAbstract:
Open ground storey or soft storey is a typical feature in multistory structures in urban areas. This open storey is provided to accommodate parking, reception lobbies, office, communication hall etc. Many of structure having soft storey suffered major damage and collapsed in recent earthquakes. During an earthquake, because of variation in stiffness in soft story and its adjacent floors the inter story drift can occur and the lateral forces cannot be well distributed along the height of building. Lateral forces concentrate on soft story causes large displacement. In this work, an attempt has been made to observe the behavior of gradual decrease in stiffness of building, by using different types of infill material. This work discusses Optimum Earthquake response of tall buildings by response spectrum method as per IS 1893:2002 (Part- I) in ETAB’S software. Seismic parameters like storey stiffness and storey displacement are checked out.
5
Mali, A. A., and P. M. Mohite. "Seismic Behaviour of Building with Soft Storey: Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (2023): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48499.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: The high-rise building in which ground storey consists of open space is known as building with soft floor. Such floor plays an important role in seismic performance of the building. This is due to the abrupt changes in lateral stiffness and strength caused by such storey. In the present era there is increase in population, finding parking for flats in congested areas has become a significant issue. As a result, erecting multistory structures with an open first floor is now a widespread practice. These Buildings that have all upper storeys enclosed by masonry walls but no infill masonry walls in the ground story are referred to as "Soft Storey" or "Open Ground Storey Buildings." Compared to regular buildings, irregular structures the drift is observed to be effectively reduced by larger columns, while the shear force and bending moment on the first floor are increased. During a violent earthquake, the Soft Storey buildings function poorly. Understanding the behavior of is this study's primary goal to the building in a seismically active area and to assess the effects of Storey overturning moments, Storey drift, displacement, and design Base shear. For comparison, G-15 story building with five completely distinct shapes a square, an L-shaped building, a Tshaped building, a plus shape building and a C-shaped building is used. ETABS 2018 version is used to analyze the entire set of models. Dynamic Analysis has been examined in the current work to assess the deformation of all five-shape building with and without soft storey considering at different level. When the soft story is offered at a higher level, displacement is reduced. Several studies on this subject that have been done in the past are reviewed in this paper. Reviewing research papers let us know about the conclusive results, which served as the basis for the objective of our future study.
6
Bharadwaj, K., and J. Pathak. "Retrofitting Solutions for Existing Open Ground Storey RC Buildings." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (2022): 1707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.708.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few decades with the increase in population and decrease in usable land, there has been an enormous rise in the construction of residential buildings with open ground storey (OGS) to facilitate vehicle parking. Such OGS are created by removing the infill walls in the first storey. However, during the past earthquakes many of such OGS buildings have suffered severe damage and sometimes complete collapse of the structure. This is because OGS buildings, in general, exhibit soft story irregularity. Although the design codes have recommended provisions to enhance the seismic capacity of the OGS buildings, such provisions are barely implemented during construction. In order to avoid casualties and economic losses, it is necessary to retrofit the existing OGS structures. In this work, an attempt is made to strengthen the OGS buildings using masonry infill walls and braces as the retrofitting solutions. The models are developed in Seismostruct and analysed using suitable analytical methods. The behaviour of OGS buildings with masonry and braces at selected locations is evaluated. Retrofitting solutions that provide enhanced seismic performance and maximum parking space are proposed.
7
Abhishek, Kumar Chimaniya, Kumar Singh Chandrakar Vinay, and Singh Tomar Praveen. "Evaluate the Magnification Factors for Building with Respect to Zone and Height of the OGS Building." Journal of Structural Technology (e-ISSN: 2581-950X) 4, no. 3 (2019): 46–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3374465.
Full textAbstract:
Infill dividers can be showed up in business programming using two-dimensional zone part with fitting material properties for direct flexible examination. In any case, this kind of showing may not work for non-direct examination since the non-straight material properties for a two-dimensional orthotropic area isn't amazingly knew. Seismic evaluation of a current reinforced bond (RC) encompassed structure would reliably require a non-straight examination. Spread piece around there supports a straight slanting swagger way to deal with oversee manage model infill divider for both direct (Equivalent Static Analysis and Response Spectrum Analysis) and nonlinear examinations (Pushover Analysis and Time History Analysis). A current RC confined structure (G+3) with open ground story composed in Seismic Zone-V is considered for this examination. This structure is dismembered for two exceptional cases: (a) considering both infill mass and infill quality and (b) considering infill mass yet without considering infill consistent quality. Two separate models were made using business programming STAAD PRO. Infill burdens were appeared through applying static dead weight and separating masses considered from this dead weight for fragment examinations. Infill quality was exhibited using to the opposite side swagger procedure. Two irrefutable sponsorship conditions, expressly changed end fortify condition and stuck end reinforce condition, are considered to check the effect of assistance conditions in the duplication factors. Straight and non-direct examinations were rehearsed for the models and the results were considered. The examination results exhibit that a section of 2.5 is too high to even consider evening consider night consider being in any capacity reached out to the bar and part powers of the ground story of low-climb open ground story structures. This examination expect that the issue of open ground story structures can't be seen fittingly through flexible examination as the quality of open ground story building and a proportionate revealed edge building are fundamentally same. Nonlinear examination reveals that open ground story making misses the mark through a ground story part at an essentially low base shear and evacuation and the procedure for disappointment as far as anyone knows is touchy. Speedy and nonlinear examinations exhibit that sponsorship condition impacts the response broadly and can be a basic parameter to pick the power augmentation part.
8
Karaiya, Birendra K., Romanbabu M. Oinam, Dipti Ranjan Sahoo, and Ashok Gupta. "Lateral cyclic performance of a CFRP retrofitted two-story RC frame with open ground story." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 18, no. 13 (2020): 5919–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00913-0.
Full text
9
Arvind, Kumar, Kapil Soni Prof., and Sharad Kumar Soni Dr. "SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF RC OPEN GROUND STORY BUILDINGS IN ZONE-V." International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering 9, no. 11 (2022): 9–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6827131.
Full textAbstract:
Open ground floors (also known as soft storey) buildings are commonly used in the urban environment today, as they provide parking which is most needed. This type of building shows a relatively greater tendency to collapse during earthquakes because of the soft ground floor effect. The great lateral movement is induced in the first level of these buildings producing large curvatures in the columns of a floor of the ground floor Indian Standard IS 1893: 2002 allows the analysis of open ground floor building structures without taking into account infill stiffness but with a factor of multiplication 2.5 in compensation for the discontinuity of the stiffness. As per the code the columns and beams of the open aground storey are to be designed for 2.5 times the storey shears and moments assessed under aseismic loads of bare frames (i.e., without considering the infill stiffness). However, as experienced by the engineers at design offices, the multiplication factor of 2.5 is not accurate for low rise buildings designs these days. Infill walls can be modelled in commercially available software ETABS using two-dimensional area element with appropriate material properties for linear elastic analysis. But this type of modelling may not work for non-linear analysis since the anon-linear material properties for a two-dimensional orthotropic element is not very well understood. Seismic evaluation of an assumed reinforced concrete (RC) framed building would invariably require a non-linear analysis and is performed in this thesis in detail to capture the behaviour of such building structures..
10
Bajad, Mohankumar, and Rakhi D. Patil. "SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF MULTISTORIED OPEN GROUND STORY BUILDING WITH DIAGONAL STRUT AND SHEAR WALLS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 28, no. 02 (2024): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.28.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
The Open Ground Story (OGS) building is a functional need of all urban areas so cannot be eliminated. According to studies from previous earthquakes, when there is severe earthquake shaking, Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame buildings with open ground levels function badly. In this work, four models of G+14 RC frame buildings with and without a shear wall, coupled sheal wall, and diagonal strut were modeled and analyzed using ETABS-2018 software's static and dynamic response spectrum method. Model 1 open ground story RC building without strut and the shear wall was compared to the other three models that included a shear wall, coupled shear wall, and diagonal strut. As a result of the findings, it has been determined that shear wall, coupled shear wall, and diagonal strut not only increased the stiffness but also reduced displacement. A model with a combination of shear wall and coupled shear wall showed a minimum base shear and overturning moment than all other models.
11
Bose, Supratik, and Durgesh C. Rai. "Lateral Load Behavior of an Open-Ground-Story RC Building with AAC Infills in Upper Stories." Earthquake Spectra 32, no. 3 (2016): 1653–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/121413eqs295m.
Full textAbstract:
Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry infills in upper stories can be beneficial for improving the seismic response of open-ground-story (OGS), reinforced concrete (RC)–frame buildings. Two reduced 1:2.5-scale models of single-story, single-bay RC frames with and without AAC infill masonry were tested for resistance properties and hysteretic behavior. Low strength and stiffness of AAC masonry, about half of the conventional brick masonry, led to improved load sharing between the infill and the frame, which helped an early development of frame yield mechanism for enhanced energy dissipation. Test results were used to evaluate the reliability of using existing strength and stiffness relations of conventional masonry infilled RC frames for AAC infilled frames. Analytical models were developed to predict the observed hysteretic behavior of tested specimens. Nonlinear analyses of a five-story, four-bay OGS-RC frame were performed for conventional brick masonry infills and relatively softer and weaker AAC infills in upper stories. The results indicated that the undesirable effect of weak/soft ground story mechanism of OGS-RC frames can be reduced to an acceptable level by using AAC infills in upper stories.
12
Tesfamariam, Solomon, Katsuichiro Goda, and Goutam Mondal. "Seismic Vulnerability of Reinforced Concrete Frame with Unreinforced Masonry Infill Due to Main Shock–Aftershock Earthquake Sequences." Earthquake Spectra 31, no. 3 (2015): 1427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/042313eqs111m.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a parametric study on the inelastic response of six-story reinforced concrete (RC) frames subjected to main shock–aftershock (MS-AS) ground motions. For this purpose, one bare frame (BF) and four masonry RC frames with two infill thicknesses (75 mm or 125 mm) and two infill patterns (open ground story or fully infilled) are considered. They are situated at site class C in Vancouver, Canada, and are designed for office occupancy according to the 2005 National Building Code of Canada. The five frames are subjected to 100 ensembles of MS-AS ground motions scaled to seismic hazard level corresponding to the return period of 2,500 years. For each sequence of earthquakes, change in the fundamental period ( T1) and inter-story drift (ISD) for both MS-AS sequences are quantified. The analysis results show that the period change and ISD were significant for BF, whereas the infilled frames sustained small damage with negligible change in T1.
13
Akın, Emre. "Open ground story in properly designed reinforced concrete frame buildings with shear walls." Structures 20 (August 2019): 822–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2019.07.003.
Full text
14
MARREDDY, Mr GADE, Mr K. K. D. V. Prasada Rao, and Miss Tamma Mouli. "THE ANALYSIS OF MULTI STORYED RCC BUILDING WITH FLOATING COLUMNS." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 04, no. 04 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.55041/isjem02575.
Full textAbstract:
Presently a day multi-story structures are built with the end goal of private, business and so on., with open ground story is turning out to be regular component. To stop all, typically the ground story is kept free with no development aside from sections. Structures which have intermittence of segments and building having sections which move burden to the bars horizontal way are called as drifting segment building. A segment is intended to be an upstanding part going from balance level and passing on the heap to the most minimal. The term coasting segment is moreover an upstanding part that closes (because of subject field configuration/site circumstance) at its lower level (end Level) lays on a bar that might be an even part. The bars progressively move the heap to elective sections underneath it. Such segments in structures will be investigated and planned. Results are analyzed as Story removals, Story Shear with and without sections. The whole examination is done on STAAD. V8i Professional programming. Key Words: Response Spectrum, STAAD. V8i, Nonlinear Analysis.
15
Karayannis, Chris G., and Grigorios E. Manoukas. "The Influence of Open-Ground Floors on the Impact of RC Columns Due to Seismic Pounding from Adjacent Lower-Height Structures." Infrastructures 9, no. 9 (2024): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9090143.
Full textAbstract:
The substantial influences of masonry infills used as partition walls on the seismic behavior of multistory reinforced concrete (RC) structures have long been recognized. Thereupon, in this study, considering open-ground floors due to a lack of infills (pilotis configuration), the structural pounding phenomenon between adjoining RC buildings with unequal story levels and unequal total heights is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the impact of the external columns of the higher structure, which suffer from the slabs of adjoining shorter buildings. The developing maximum shear forces of the columns due to the impact are discussed and compared with the available shear strength. Furthermore, it is stressed that the structures are partially in contact, as is the case in most real adjacent structures; therefore, the torsional vibrations brought about due to the pounding phenomenon are examined by performing 3D nonlinear dynamic analyses (asymmetric pounding). In this study, an eight-story RC frame structure that is considered to be fully infilled or has an open-ground floor interacts with shorter buildings with ns stories, where ns = 6, 3, and 1. Two natural seismic excitations are used, with each one applied twice—once in the positive direction and once in the negative direction—to investigate the influence of seismic directionality on the asymmetric pounding effect. Finally, from the results of this study, it is concluded that the open-ground story significantly increases the shear capacity demands of the columns that suffer the impact and the inelastic rotation demands of the structure, whereas these demands further increase as the stories of the adjoining shorter building increase.
16
Shray, Sourabh Lal1* &. Mahesh Ram Patel2. "SEISMIC EFFECTS ON MEDIUM RISE STRUCTURES ISOLATED WITH FRICTION PENDULUM BEARINGS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 8, no. 8 (2019): 116–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3377426.
Full textAbstract:
In the present work, friction pendulum bearings (FPB) are added to a hypothetical open ground storied regular building and its performance is compared to that to a fixed base building. The finite element model of the structure was placed in Zone V as per IS:1893(Part-1)-2002 so as to obtain its performance in terms of story drift, top story displacement, overturning moments and storey shear. Linear Time History Analysis (LTHA) was carried out on the modeled structures and it was observed that although the base isolated model exhibited greater displacements, the interstory displacements and drift were comparatively low which will result in less buckling of columns and hence to a safer design. It was also observed that values of overturning moment & storey shear were reduced in the case of base isolated building by a large extent. Finally comments were made on the overall feasibility of the proposed isolation system.
17
Beigi, Hossein Agha, Constantin Christopoulos, Timothy J. Sullivan, and Gian Michele Calvi. "Cost-Benefit Analysis of Buildings Retrofitted Using GIB Systems." Earthquake Spectra 32, no. 2 (2016): 861–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/110914eqs185m.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, the gapped-inclined brace system (GIB) has been developed as an effective retrofitting solution for soft-story buildings. This paper presents a cost-benefit study of a building retrofitted using the GIB system. A six-story, reinforced concrete (RC) frame with an open story at the ground level and masonry infills on all other floors is studied. To investigate the effectiveness of alternate retrofit configurations, different scenarios of GIB systems are numerically analyzed, expected repair costs for various levels of seismic intensity are computed, and cost benefit values are compared to each other and to those obtained when the building is strengthened and stiffened at the ground floor using conventional methods. Results show that GIB retrofit solutions are likely to represent significant cost benefits compared to traditional retrofit solutions. The results also indicate that GIBs do not need to be positioned at all column locations of the soft story, which could be beneficial in reducing the overall retrofit cost and improving architectural functionality of the retrofitted structure.
18
Pramod, M. Gajbe* Prof. R. V. R. K. Prasad. "ANALYSIS OF SOFT STORY MULTISTORED STEEL STRUCTURE BUILDING." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 7 (2016): 617–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.57050.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focusing on soft storey Multi-storey steel structure buildings, These building are becoming increasingly common and economical in developed and developing countries with the increase in urbanization all over the world. Many of these buildings do not have structural walls at ground floor level to increase the flexibility of the space for recreational use such as parking or for retail or commercial use. these buildings which possess storey that are significantly weaker or more flexible than adjacent storey are known as soft storey buildings, these are characterized by having a story which has a lot of open space. while the un obstructed space of the soft story might be aesthetically or commercially desirable, it also means that there are less opportunities to install shear walls, specialized walls which are designed to distribute lateral forces so that a building can cope with the swaying characteristic of an earthquake. Soft-storey is also called as flexible storey. a large number of buildings with soft storey have been built in recent year. but it showed poor performance during past earthquake. soft story’s are subjected to larger lateral loads during earthquakes and under lateral loads their lateral deformations are greater than those of other floors so the design of structural members of soft stories is critical and it should be different from the upper floors. In this thesis “ analysis of soft-storey for Multi-storeyed steel structure building in zone ” 2 “, applying the analyse and explore the behaviour of soft-storey at different floor level of building under seismic load actions respectively.
19
Adhau, Janhvi B. "Evaluating The Structural Performance of Soft Storey’s Through the Use of Haunches." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47962.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract :-The research paper examines the seismic behavior of buildings with soft storeys, which are high-rise structures where the ground floor is open, often for parking. These soft storey create significant changes in the building’s lateral stiffness and strength, impacting the building’s performance during earthquakes. The study focuses on understanding how soft storeys affect seismic parameters such as storey drift, displacement, base shear, and storey overturning moments. The research evaluates buildings with soft storeys at different levels, using the Equivalent Static Method and seismic analysis through ETABS. It finds that shifting the soft storey to higher floors reduces displacement, and different structural systems can help reduce lateral displacement and story drift. The paper aims to assess the effects of soft storeys in various earthquake zones and with different column shapes. Keywords: Soft Storey, ETABS, Storey Drift, Equivalent Static Method, Response Reduction Factor.
20
Ravichandran, Shiv Shanker, and Richard E. Klingner. "Seismic Design Factors for Steel Moment Frames with Masonry Infills: Part 1." Earthquake Spectra 28, no. 3 (2012): 1189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000060.
Full textAbstract:
In this two-part work, seismic behavior and design of steel moment frames with masonry infills are investigated systematically. In this first part, the “infill strength ratio” (the ratio of the story shear strength of infills to the story shear strength of the bare frame) is shown to have a fundamental effect on the seismic behavior of an infilled frame. This fundamental effect is demonstrated using pushover analysis of an example steel moment frame with masonry infills in uniformly infilled and open ground story configurations. In general, infill strength ratios greater than about 0.35 are associated with progressive deterioration of seismic performance, leading to story mechanisms concentrated in the lower stories. Greater infill strength ratios can also lead to local shear failures in frame members.
21
Mota-Páez, Santiago, David Escolano-Margarit, and Amadeo Benavent-Climent. "Seismic Response of RC Frames with a Soft First Story Retrofitted with Hysteretic Dampers under Near-Fault Earthquakes." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031290.
Full textAbstract:
Reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures with open first stories and masonry infill walls at the upper stories are very common in seismic areas. Under strong earthquakes, most of the energy dissipation demand imposed by the earthquake concentrates in the first story, and this eventually leads the building to collapse. A very efficient and cost-effective solution for the seismic upgrading of this type of structure consists of installing hysteretic dampers in the first story. This paper investigates the response of RC soft-story frames retrofitted with hysteretic dampers subjected to near-fault ground motions in terms of maximum displacements and lateral seismic forces and compares them with those obtained by far-field earthquakes. It is found that for similar levels of total seismic input energy, the maximum displacements in the first story caused by near-fault earthquakes are about 1.3 times larger than those under far-field earthquakes, while the maximum inter-story drift in the upper stories and the distribution and values of the lateral forces are scarcely affected. It is concluded that the maximum displacements can be easily predicted from the energy balance of the structure by using appropriate values for the parameter that reflects the influence of the impulsivity of the ground motion: the so-called equivalent number of cycles.
22
Tewatia, Devyani, and P. C. Ashwin Kumar. "Experimental Testing of Post‐installed Anchors for Use in Retrofitting of RC Frame with Steel Braces." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (2023): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2405.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe retrofitting of deficient Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames, particularly those with strength and stiffness irregularities such as Open Ground Story, has been widely researched. Steel braces are a great option for retrofitting these buildings, but the narrow section sizes of existing beams and columns pose a challenge. However, post‐installed chemical anchors can provide an efficient, cost‐effective solution for connecting such structures with steel braces, provided that they are designed properly to account for all possible failure modes. This study investigates the use of post‐installed chemical anchors to connect steel braces with narrow‐beam column subassemblies in existing low‐ to mid‐rise Open Ground Story buildings. The three experiment are considered to test the bracing conditions with elastic and yielding brace. The gusset plate is designed as per Balanced Design Procedure to obtain an economical section with controlled yielding and failure sequence. The forces on gusset plate are computed using the Uniform Force Method, which helps in designing the post‐installed anchor dimension and spacing. A comparison is drawn between the three test from which it is seen that the chemical anchors perform well in all cases and conventional brace shows expected performance.
23
Saravanan, T. Jothi, G. V. Rama Rao, J. Prakashvel, N. Gopalakrishnan, N. Lakshmanan, and C. V. R. Murty. "Dynamic Testing of Open Ground Story Structure and In Situ Evaluation of Displacement Demand Magnifier." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 31, no. 5 (2017): 04017055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0001052.
Full text
24
Doiphode, Dr G. S., and Vaibhav Dhndhukiya. "Performance Based Seismic Assessment of Masonry Infilled RCC Building with Diaphragm Discontinuity." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 2 (2020): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b2090.1210220.
Full textAbstract:
In multistoreyed RCC framed buildings, critical damages are due to seismic ground excitations, which cause catastrophic failuresat the weaker locations. Buildings with two types of structural irregularities namely diaphragm discontinuity and open ground story are considered. Assessment of seismic vulnerability of these buildings is done by using Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis (NSPA). Performance Based Seismic Design of masonry infilled RCC buildings with two different shape of openings in the diaphragm is considered here with Design Basis Earthquake(DBE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake(MCE) where by selecting appropriate performance criteria in terms of Inter-story drift ratio(IDR) and Inelastic displacement demand ratio(IDDR) are critically observed. The Equivalent Linearization Procedure of Pushover analysis presented in FEMA 440, which is a modification of Capacity Spectrum Method based on ATC-40 guidelines, is performed in ETABS-2016 to study the performance of R.C.C. buildings with diaphragm discontinuity, designed as per IS-1893-2016.
25
Dr., G. S. Doiphode, and Dhndhukiya Vaibhav. "Performance Based Seismic Assessment of Masonry Infilled RCC Building with Diaphragm Discontinuity." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 10, no. 2 (2020): 214–20. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.B2090.1210220.
Full textAbstract:
In multistoreyed RCC framed buildings, critical damages are due to seismic ground excitations, which cause catastrophic failuresat the weaker locations. Buildings with two types of structural irregularities namely diaphragm discontinuity and open ground story are considered. Assessment of seismic vulnerability of these buildings is done by using Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis (NSPA). Performance Based Seismic Design of masonry infilled RCC buildings with two different shape of openings in the diaphragm is considered here with Design Basis Earthquake(DBE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake(MCE) where by selecting appropriate performance criteria in terms of Inter-story drift ratio(IDR) and Inelastic displacement demand ratio(IDDR) are critically observed. The Equivalent Linearization Procedure of Pushover analysis presented in FEMA 440, which is a modification of Capacity Spectrum Method based on ATC-40 guidelines, is performed in ETABS-2016 to study the performance of R.C.C. buildings with diaphragm discontinuity, designed as per IS-1893-2016.
26
Zhou, Xiao Jun. "Design of Municipal Tunnel for Public Utilities to Cross Urban River with Open Cut Method." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.221.
Full textAbstract:
On the basis of ground geology and hydrogeology of an urban river, a municipal tunnel in which public pipes and cables are placed is designed to cross the river by means of open cut method. The main structure of the municipal tunnel and its waterproof measures are both summarized in this paper. Reinforced concrete frame structure with one story and three box-shaped sections is used in the design of the municipal tunnel. Both self-waterproof structure and waterproof sheet are applied to prevent ground water from permeating into the subaqueous tunnel. The installation of public cables and pipes are still elucidated in the paper. The typical structure of the municipal tunnel can be a guiding reference for the design of other subaqueous tunnel to cross urban rivers under analogous conditions.
27
Afzali, Anoushiravan, Alireza Mortezaei, and Ali Kheyroddin. "Seismic Performance of High-Rise RC Shear Wall Buildings Subjected to Ground Motions with Various Frequency Contents." Civil Engineering Journal 3, no. 8 (2017): 568–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2017-00000113.
Full textAbstract:
Construction of tall buildings in societies is rising up for the increased population and limitation in horizontal expansion of cities. Therefore, behavior of these structures against earthquake essentially requires investigation. Recent research has shown that frequency content parameter of an earthquake has remarkable impacts on seismic response of buildings. This study aimed to investigate direct effects of frequency content on high – rise buildings. Thus, six Reinforced Concrete (RC) central core 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35- story buildings were built in open source software OpenSees, and their seismic behavior under seismic records with various frequency contents were investigated. In this research, non – linear dynamic Time – History was carried out and also behavior of buildings was compared in drift, shear force of stories, and maximum displacement of stories. Results of Time – History analysis showed that low – frequency content records have the highest effects on buildings. Most of the responses of drift and displacement of stories pertained to low – frequency contents in low – rise 10 and 15-story buildings. Although the most shear force of stories was related to low – frequency contents, with increasing height of buildings, shear force of stories increased, too. So that under Kobe Japan record which has the lowest frequency content among all records in this paper. Maximum shear force of stories was 6840 ton in 10-story building, whereas it was 12332 ton in 35- story building.
28
Dillon, Steve. "Maybe we can find Some Common Ground: Indigenous Perspectives, a Music Teacher’s Story." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 36, S1 (2007): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100004713.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper examines the idea of embedding Indigenous perspectives drawing upon a metaphor for designing an environment that nurtures Indigenous cultural identity and relationships. This paper constitutes a teacher’s personal story of emerging understandings of Indigenous Standpoint Theory and pedagogy, which began with embedding Indigenous perspectives within a tertiary music and sound curriculum. These understandings were developed into “rules of thumb” that have had transferable implications for research that examines community music-making projects in urban Indigenous and cross-cultural communities. These ideas are explored through case studies that examine them in context. Furthermore, the idea of embedding Indigenous perspectives in my own value systems is explored and a growing awareness of the embodied understanding that stems from an open, continuous and critical discourse with Indigenous people. This reveals a relationship of belonging and welcoming interfaced with obligation and a growing knowledge of people, community and country and its effect on my “white understanding” of relationships. This proposal stems from several successful projects where participants have experienced both nurturing of Indigenous knowledge and a productive tension. This does not advocate an argument for positive discrimination but rather seeks to build the idea that interfaces which simultaneously develop embodied understanding alongside Indigenous pride can lead to compelling and unique learning experiences for students, teachers and communities.
29
Wielki, Rafał. "Pierwsze informacje o przestępstwie korupcyjnym a budowa fabuły zdarzenia." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 15, no. 3 (2017): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1241.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this article is to point out the possibilities of using the first information about the crime of corruption to build a crime story, although the concept of the story is not much common ground for the practice of inquiry. Corruption crimes are characterized by significant problems of the nature of detection and legal evidential value, which makes it complicated for the authorities conducting proper investigations in the case. In the present study the author points to the essence and methods of creating the storyline of events, while leveraging the scientific achievements in the field of open source intelligence and criminal intelligence. With such a scheme drawn up, it is possible to raise the quality of pre-trial proceedings in cases of corruption, as illustrated by numerous examples.
30
Arunendra, Mishra, P. Gupta J., Singh Praveen, and Chimaniya Abhishek. "Reducing Damage Deformation for Earthquake Resistant Building." Journal of Recent Activities in Infrastructure Science 4, no. 2 (2019): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2915046.
Full textAbstract:
Multistoried structures with open ground floor are characteristically powerless against breakdown because of tremor load; their development is as yet far reaching in the creating countries because of social and utilitarian requirement for give vehicle parking spot at ground level. Designing people group cautioned against such structures occasionally. Building is demonstrated and examined. Dynamic investigation of the structure models is performed in SAP-2000. The exhibition of the structure is assessed regarding Story Drifts, Lateral Displacements, and Base shear. For basic structure and appraisal of strengthened solid individuals, the non-straight investigation has turned into a significant instrument. The strategy can be utilized to examine the conduct of fortified solid structures including power redistribution. This investigation of the nonlinear reaction of RC structures to be done in a normal design.
31
Malama Kushwaha, Vikash Kumar Badal, and Zeyaul Haque. "Seismic effectiveness of retrofitting techniques for RC framed structure." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, no. 2 (2023): 018–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.2.0130.
Full textAbstract:
Many potentially devastating earthquakes have been allowed to occur in India. The Indian subcontinent suffered a devastating earthquake. The resulting human and material costs are enormous. The Bhuj earthquake hit Gujarat around 8:40 a.m. on January 26th, 2001. A lot of things have changed after the earthquake. India’s seismic regulations. There is a great need to evaluate the seismic performance of existing RC frame buildings, many of which were designed for a different load, and to retrofit them as necessary to increase their strength against earthquake forces, given what is known about the causes of past earthquakes and the likelihood that similar events will occur in the future. As we saw in the Bhuj Earthquake of 2001, open ground storey frame structures are especially vulnerable to the destructive forces of earthquakes, making it imperative that the ground story be fortified against massive deformation. The first floor of this G+3 building in Seismic Zone 4 has been retrofitted using three different methods. Here is a list of them: jacketing for the basement’s concrete slab. Filler wall made of reinforced concrete. Iron Reinforcement. Therefore, the primary goal of this research is to determine the efficacy of various retrofitting strategies with respect to reducing seismic risk.
32
Arifujjaman, Warah Ibnul, and Alam Ashraful. "Experiment on RC Frame with Different Infill Walling Materials against Lateral Load." Experiment on RC Frame with Different Infill Walling Materials against Lateral Load 9, no. 1 (2024): 7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10538389.
Full textAbstract:
Masonry infill wall RC structures are the most vulnerable against earthquake load because of rapid deg- radation of stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation ca- pacity that lead to the brittle failure of the masonry infill walls. In Bangladesh commonly seen most of the RC structures have open the ground floor uses for parking and other purposes that causes the soft story problem. This study concentrates on the laboratory tests to assess the safety and performance of masonry infilled (clay brick, sand-cement hollow block and hollow clay block) RC frames due to seismic loads as well as to develop prac- tical and cost-efficient techniques for the seismic retrofit and repair of these structures using indigenous materials. Cyclic load is applied by means of Reverse Loading Hy- draulic Jack (capacity 60 tons) mounted on the Reaction Frame. At the time of applying cyclic load the behavior of the test model specimens is observed by means of Data Acquisition System. After the application of cyclic load, the damaged specimens are retrofitted with ferrocement laminates for observing their behavior under same load. This study provides a justified and cost-effective preven- tive and retrofit measure to protect “soft-story” or “weak- story” problem for infill wall RC frame structures. Keywords:- Cyclic Load, Hydraulic Jack, Infill wall, RC Frames, Retrofit, Ferrocemet, Soft -Story.
33
Shendkar, Mangeshkumar R., Denise-Penelope N. Kontoni, Ercan Işık, Sasankasekhar Mandal, Pabitra Ranjan Maiti, and Ehsan Harirchian. "Influence of Masonry Infill on Seismic Design Factors of Reinforced-Concrete Buildings." Shock and Vibration 2022 (February 27, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5521162.
Full textAbstract:
Infill walls are the most common separator panels in typical reinforced-concrete (RC) frame structures. It is crucial to investigate the influence of the infill walls on the earthquake behavior of RC frames. The load resistance of infill materials was often not taken into account in the designing phase, whereas the infill walls have significant contributions to the structural behavior under lateral and vertical loadings. A three-dimensional 4-story RC building is designed, and in order to make a realistic model, different infill walls configurations were taken into account with the openings in the infill. Four different models were created for structural analysis for infill wall effects, namely, full RC infilled frame (Model I), corner infill at ground story RC infilled frame (Model II), open ground story RC infilled frame (Model III), and bare RC frame (Model IV). Static adaptive pushover analysis has been performed for all structural models by using the SeismoStruct software. The double strut nonlinear cyclic model was used for modeling the infill walls. In this study, three different compressive strengths of infill walls are taken into consideration, and the effects on seismic design factors (namely, the response reduction factor, the ductility, the overstrength factor, and the deflection factor) are calculated. The obtained values of the response reduction factor (R) are compared with the given values in the BIS code. The results show that the R factors of all RC infilled frames are decreased when the compressive strength of the masonry infill reduces. However, the R values of bare frames are less than the corresponding values recommended in the BIS code. It is worth noting that the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) provisions underestimate the deflection factors of the reinforced-concrete (RC) frames according to the evaluated deflection factors of the herein studied RC frames.
34
Pinninti, Sai Srinivas Uday Kiran. "Indian Shipping Industry – Vital for The India Story." International Journal of Scientific Research and Technology 2, no. 1 (2025): 277–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14680212.
Full textAbstract:
India is a nation on the move. With the world’s largest population and an economy that has shown immense potential and is considered a bright spot amongst major economies, the ‘India Story’ is an important facet of the global financial eco-system. And the seas are a major facilitator in this ‘story’. India moves about 95% of its trade by volume and 68% by value through maritime means. It is, therefore, readily evident that India has major dependencies on the seas for its economic wellbeing, sustenance, and growth. The maritime industry/ sector has a crucial role in the India story and more importantly her economic story. The maritime sector encompasses shipping, ports, inland waterways, exploration industry, containers, pollution control and maritime security; each with their own diverse activities/ entities. There have been some policy initiatives unveiled in the recent past. However, policy formulations without on ground practical implementation will not help in realising the true potential of India’s maritime sector. It is, therefore, important to examine the various facets of the maritime trade & industry whilst concurrently looking at India’s ports and the infrastructure and technical challenges they are faced with, connectivity to facilitate trade becoming more competitive and aligning to global standards before finally looking at few aspects of technology to be future- prepared with regards to adoption of environmentally prudent policies and practices. This is done using government reports/ sources, interviewing and seeking inputs from subject matter experts in the field and with data from open-source resources.
35
Iduwin, Tommy, and Dicki Dian Purnama. "Perilaku Gedung Dengan Perbedaan Kekakuan Antar Lantai." FORUM MEKANIKA 8, no. 1 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/forummekanika.v8i1.410.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
 Earthquake is one of the most frequent disasters in Indonesia. This is due to the location of Indonesia which is located between 3 active plates, namely the Pacific Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. While from 2018 to date the biggest and worst earthquake in the Lombok Earthquake that occurred with magnitude reached 7 on the Richter Scale and hammer earthquakes with magnitude 7.4 on the Richter Scale. One of the frequent failures caused by the earthquake is the soft store. Soft story mainly occurs in office buildings, hotels or apartments which generally have a lobby or area that is intentionally made without walls / dividers, either on the ground floor or the upper floors so that inter-floor fuss will be different. In designing and modeling structures, buildings are generally designed with open frame type port without walls. The height of the column can also cause a difference between different floors. This study will compare between the wallless portal model with a higher level at the bottom of the building, the middle of the building and the top of the building, where a high level with smaller stiffness has the potential to be soft (soft story). In this study using ETABS 9.7.2 program with spectrum response dynamic load based on the 2017 earthquake map. Results The structure period of the results of the analysis with the program in the crack cross section condition was obtained at 2.01 seconds. The shape mode for the three PPKBB, PKBT and PKBA building types has met the requirements where in shape 1 and 2 building models are translating towards the x or y axis while in shape 3 mode they are twisted. The required mass participation ratio value is reached at the 90% percentage reached at the 8th shape mode for the PKBB and PKBT buildings. While for PKBA it is reached in the 5th shape mode. Deviation values for the three types of building PKBB, PKBT and PKBA are still within the permit limit. 
 Keywords: earthquake, soft storey, spectrum response
36
Dewi, Ikamaya Sridarma, Neni Mariana, and Rooselyna Ekawati. "Transformasi Pembelajaran Matematika di Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pendekatan Dilemma Story Pedagogy." Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 6, no. 3 (2023): 566–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v6i3.2522.
Full textAbstract:
Humans grow and develop so can freely learn according to their wishes to change views to be broader, and learning mathematics is no exception. Learning mathematics is closely related to life, but reality is contrary to the situation on the ground. Mathematics learning based on open without any approach to life's problems. This research explore experiences related to life's problems through critical reflection within oneself, so moral dilemma story emerges and can change one's views regarding mathematics learning in elementary schools through the dilemma story pedagogy. Type of this research uses qualitative-transformative, understanding and experiences related to oneself and relationships with life's problems that can influence views on learning mathematics. The method used is auto |ethnography with several paradigms include interpretive, critical, and post-modern paradigms. The research instrument of the researcher themself as the main data source, literature studies and semi-structured interviews. Research subjects included researchers, class teachers, and fifth grade elementary school students. Data analysis in this research uses five ways knowing, starting from cultural self-knowing, relational knowing, critical knowing, visionary and ethical knowing, and then knowing in action. The results showed that analysis of cultural identity data of researchers and research subjects as students who had studied mathematics and experienced life's dilemmas influence the transformation of views to learning mathematics which was frightening become fun through the dilemma story pedagogy approach. Resulting in changes in the views of both researchers and participants including readers regarding the understanding of learning mathematics in elementary schools with the dilemma story pedagogy.
37
Mohammed, Irfan Hussain*. "SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF MULTI STOREYED BUILDING WITH SOFT STOREY." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 4, no. 9 (2017): 225–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.999317.
Full textAbstract:
Earthquake in different parts of the world demonstrated the hazardous consequences and vulnerability of inadequate structures. Soft storey is a storey in which the stiffness is less than 70% of the storey above or less than 80% of the combined stiffness of the storey's above. In a multi-storied building, soft storey is adopted to accommodate parking which is an unavoidable feature. This open ground storey is vulnerable to collapse during earthquake. Soft storey in a building causes stiffness irregularity in a structure. In high rise building or multi storey building, soft storey construction is a typical feature because of urbanization and the space occupancy considerations. These provisions reduce the stiffness of the lateral load resisting system and a progressive collapse becomes unavoidable in a severe earthquake for such buildings due to soft storey. This storey level containing the concrete columns which were unable to provide adequate shear resistance, hence damage and collapse are most often observed in soft story buildings during the earthquake. Provision of shear walls makes the structure strong and sustainable to seismic threatening. Position of shear wall plays a vital role in the seismic resistance, it has to be placed in such a way that the overall behaviour of the structure should not be disturbed. Infill wall plays an important role in providing lateral stiffness to the building. In this project an industrial building is selected for the study, to study the seismic performance of soft storey buildings, there are six 3D mathematical models have been developed using ETABS. The following parameters have been studied, storey drift, storey displacement, forces and time period, storey shear, modes shapes. Subsequently adopting the control measures to reduce the effect of soft storey in terms
38
Reale, Luca. "Housing and High-Rise Building: a Longstanding Love-Hate Story Is there an Upper Limit to Living on High Ground?" Going high! The pros and cons of city verticalization, no. 25 (October 25, 2023): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/f410020018.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change and the global pandemic seem to be pushing urbanization in opposite directions: the opposition between densification and distancing could open up, in the coming years, an increasingly frequent collision between the conflicting demands of climate and public health issues. However, the push for new concentration, after several decades in which lowand medium-density settlement patterns were favored, is now seen not only as a necessity on the urban level, but also as a fertile architectural design opportunity. In the housing towers of modernity, the living experience has often clashed with the monofunctionality of buildings and the problem of the loss of any relationship with the street and the ground. Many architects since the 1960s have attempted to bring some common spaces, intermediate between public and private into elevation, but this has often been insufficient to transfer urban vitality within a residential building and ensure the connection of housing to the ground and street-life. Today there is an attempt to recover the "streets on the air" through the Hong Kong lesson of an integrated and connected city, or there is a return to experimenting on the urban block and Medium-rise blocks by attempting to simultaneously generate high-density and human scale, better connecting people with the urban ground and with each other. Finally, we try to prefigure a new kind of multilevel city, in which a common dimension of many functions related to living is shared in spaces distributed along the height of high-rise buildings, also taking inspiration from the spontaneous power of informal associations that teach us to foster relationships among people, variety and flexibility of spaces, leading the experience of living back to an idea of domesticity thus overcoming the modern idea of the machine city
39
Reale, Luca. "Housing and high-rise building: a longstanding love-hate story. Is there an upper limit to living on high ground?" FORUM A+P, no. 25 (October 5, 2022): 100–106. https://doi.org/10.37199/f410020018.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change and the global pandemic seem to be pushing urbanization in opposite directions: the opposition between densification and distancing could open up, in the coming years, an increasingly frequent collision between the conflicting demands of climate and public health issues. However, the push for new concentration, after several decades in which lowand medium-density settlement patterns were favored, is now seen not only as a necessity on the urban level, but also as a fertile architectural design opportunity. In the housing towers of modernity, the living experience has often clashed with the monofunctionality of buildings and the problem of the loss of any relationship with the street and the ground. Many architects since the 1960s have attempted to bring some common spaces, intermediate between public and private into elevation, but this has often been insufficient to transfer urban vitality within a residential building and ensure the connection of housing to the ground and street-life. Today there is an attempt to recover the "streets on the air" through the Hong Kong lesson of an integrated and connected city, or there is a return to experimenting on the urban block and Medium-rise blocks by attempting to simultaneously generate high-density and human scale, better connecting people with the urban ground and with each other. Finally, we try to prefigure a new kind of multilevel city, in which a common dimension of many functions related to living is shared in spaces distributed along the height of high-rise buildings, also taking inspiration from the spontaneous power of informal associations that teach us to foster relationships among people, variety and flexibility of spaces, leading the experience of living back to an idea of domesticity thus overcoming the modern idea of the machine city.
40
Iskhakov, Iakov, Sharon Yehuda, and Yuri Ribakov. "Methodology and Monitoring of the Strengthening and Upgrading of a Four-Story Building with an Open Ground Floor in a Seismic Region." Applied Sciences 14, no. 17 (2024): 7581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14177581.
Full textAbstract:
Many buildings around the world fail to meet current earthquake resistance requirements and have significant potential to be a risk to human life and property. Therefore, a seismic upgrade of such buildings is quite necessary. Over the past decades, hundreds of buildings have been strengthened and upgraded to improve their seismic resistance, and thousands more are planned for years to come. In Israel, this was followed by National Outline Plan No. 38, which provides a basis for retrofitting and adding new areas to existing buildings. It should be noted that adding new floors to existing buildings increases seismic forces. Moreover, structure material properties change over a building’s lifetime, which should be also considered for strengthening. The proposed research investigates and validates the existing practice for strengthening and upgrading buildings in seismic regions and suggests ways of improving their efficiency. Experiments and numerical analysis were performed on a real existing residential building that requires strengthening and upgrading. A corresponding methodology was proposed for monitoring the strengthening and upgrading processes, including selecting measurement devices and their real use. Using sensors with the highest sensitivity enabled measurements of micro-vibrations and investigations of the recorded signal to obtain the building’s natural vibration frequencies. Experimental measurements allowed us to distinguish different frequencies of the building at all strengthening and upgrading stages. The measured dynamic parameters of the building allowed a more accurate calculation of seismic forces for all of these stages and consequently made the design more effective. Therefore, we recommended monitoring buildings in each stage of seismic strengthening and upgrading.
41
Mallikarjuna, Abhilash, Deepak Yadav, Rahul Bhartiya, Romanbabu M. Oinam, and Dipti Ranjan Sahoo. "Seismic retrofitting of an existing non-ductile open-ground story RC frame by partial infilling with RC shear walls: An experimental study." Engineering Structures 335 (July 2025): 120397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120397.
Full text
42
Rahman, Md Motiur, Tahmina Tasnim Nahar, and Dookie Kim. "Effect of Frequency Characteristics of Ground Motion on Response of Tuned Mass Damper Controlled Inelastic Concrete Frame." Buildings 11, no. 2 (2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020074.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the performance of tuned mass damper (TMD) and dynamic behavior of TMD-controlled concrete structure considering the ground motion (GM) characteristics based on frequency content. The effectiveness of TMD in reducing the structural response and probability of collapse of the building frames are affected by the frequency characteristics of GMs. To attenuate the seismic vibration of the buildings, the TMD controlled building has been designed based on the modal analysis (modal frequencies and modal mass participation ratio). In this study, to investigate the performance of TMD, four different heights (i.e., 3, 5, 10, 20 stories) inelastic concrete moment-resisting frames equipped with TMDs are developed using an open-source finite element software. A series of numerical analyses have been conducted using sixty earthquakes classified into three categories corresponding to low, medium, and high-frequency characteristics of GMs. To evaluate the proposed strategy, peak lateral displacements, inter-story drift, and the probability of collapse using fragility analysis have been investigated through the structures equipped with and without TMD. The results appraise the effect of TMD and compare the seismic responses of earthquake frequency contents and the vibration control system of the inelastic building frames.
43
Wickes, Briony, and Rhys Williams. "Sultana Dreams of Infrastructure." Victorian Literature and Culture 52, no. 2 (2024): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150323000992.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines Rokeya Hossain's “Sultana's Dream” (1905), a short story that pictures a solar-powered utopia governed by women, as a key site for thinking through the entanglements of sovereignty, gender, colonization, and environmental relations as they are articulated through infrastructure. To read infrastructurally in this way, we attend to socio-historical contexts of nineteenth-century Bengali society and to the Victorian imperial roots of early solar inventions, alongside the more modular aesthetics and meaning-making affordances of solar energy. Such a mode of reading makes infrastructure legible as an essential political ground for the maintenance or transformation of socio-ecological relations and reveals the irreducible political, material, and poetic qualities of infrastructures themselves. Texts like “Sultana's Dream” make such configurations visible and open to interrogation, and demonstrate the ways that solar, as infrastructure, energizes new social and political forms—even those yet undreamed.
44
Taguas, Encarnación V., Elvira Fernández-Ahumada, Natalia Borrego-López, et al. "Gamification for the Acquisition of Leadership Skills and Formation of Efficient Work Teams: An Interactive Workshop Based on an Analysis of the Film “The Seven Samurai”." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 17, no. 22 (2022): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i22.32351.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, we present a teaching experience based on emerging pedagogies and gamification to improve leadership skills and achieve efficient teamwork in scientific-technical areas of Engineering Projects. We designed the contents of a workshop and a virtual tool to create emotional contexts that improved the acquisition of soft skills. The combination of multi-sensory pedagogical strategies and hybrid inductive-deductive methodologies based on tests and team games, inspired by the story line of the classic film "The Seven Samurai" (Kurosawa, 1954), allowed us both to carry out, over a period of two academic years, an “on-the-ground” workshop-game, and a virtual tool to interact in the workshop, while under the COVID-19 restrictions. Despite the different formats and gamification elements used over the two academic years, the metrics for evaluating the efficiency of acquiring these soft skills produced very positive results and, on the whole, did not show significant differences. The cinematographic language and empathy with the story and the characters led the students to identify with and internalize the elements of efficient teamwork and leadership. Movies can provide simple but effective narrative lines on which to build games. Here, we present the contents and details of both workshops as a transferable experience, as well as making the open virtual tool available for the educative community.
45
Pengly, K., and C. Tirapas. "A Survey of Phnom Penh Apartment Shophouses’ Conditions for Future Housing Adaptability Revitalization in Phnom Penh." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 4 (2022): 042024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/4/042024.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Phnom Penh, Cambodia, has planned to be one of the liveable and sustainable cities by improving the living quality of citizens. However, the new living developments (high-rise apartments, townhouses, office buildings) have ignored the neighbourhood living conditions (mixed use and dense) and caused urban gentrifications. Moreover, the study also shows that new generations prefer a good quality home design responding to needs and lifestyles. These address opportunities for pursuing living design solutions according to the policies, people’s preferences, and pain points of existing housing designs. A typical urban residential type in Phnom Penh is Apartment Shophouses. In the past, they were a row of two-story buildings located in city areas. The ground units were for business purposes, while the upper floors were for multi-family living accessing from a courtyard in the middle. Presently, the Apartment Shophouses have changed into a row of 5-6 story, diversified-use, and lively buildings. Nevertheless, they lack maintenance, poor daylight, and ventilation. According to the policies and residents’ preferences, these challenges for the Apartment Shophouses revitalization into an adaptable, lively neighbourhood and good lifestyle building for the new generations. The study investigates the living and adaptive conditions of the Apartment Shophouses from the 40 residents via online questionnaires and 10 residents via interviews. The results show weak conditions and opportunities for building with quality improvement based on the Open Building approach.
46
Ibrahim, Teba Salim, and Halla Jasem Mohamad. "Effects of Soft Story Locations on the Nonlinear Time History Analysis of Multistory Reinforced Concrete Buildings." Civil and Environmental Engineering 20, no. 1 (2024): 544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2024-0041.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The current paper included studying the effects of soft storey locations on dynamic response of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings under the impacts of earthquakes. Soft storey is essential to provide the building with a functional space such as vehicle garages or open meeting rooms. Further analytical investigation was necessary to understand the impact of these flexible floors on the building's response during earthquakes, as conducting experimental research to address this issue is highly difficult. The research encompassed the effects of soft storey location in two types of buildings, one with equal spans and the other with unequal spans, on the nonlinear time history response. Each building consists of a 10-stories (G+9) RC residential structure subjected to earthquake effects. The analysis was carried out using program sap2000 v23. An analogous diagonal strut was used to illustrate the infill panels. The study included the effect of soft storeys on the natural period, the change in base shear with time, and the change of displacement and acceleration along time for each building. The obtained results showed that including a soft storey in the analysis for buildings having either equal or unequal spans increased the time period, displacement, and storey drift, causing a decrease in the acceleration and base shear forces. Building with the soft storey on the fifth floor (at the mid-height of the building) showed a better dynamic response compared with that using the soft storey on the ground and last floors.
47
Sreekeshava, K. S., Hugo Rodrigues, and A. S. Arunkumar. "Response of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames Strengthened at Interfaces with Geo-Fabric under In-Plane Loads." Buildings 13, no. 6 (2023): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061495.
Full textAbstract:
The interfaces between masonry infill and reinforced concrete (MI-RC) frames are identified as the weakest regions under lateral loads. Hence, the behavior of such frames under lateral loads can be understood mainly through experimental investigations. The deformation demands induced by horizontal loads on RC frames with infill masonry walls change due to contact losses between the infill masonry and the RC frames. This can be controlled by providing proper reinforcements at the interfaces. In the present experimental investigation, three half-scaled models subjected to reversed cyclic lateral in-plane loads were tested. In detail, the specimens considered are the MI-RC frame model, an MI-RC frame with geo-fabric reinforcement at the interface and an MI-RC frame with geo-fabric reinforcement at interfaces with an open ground story. The models were subjected to reversed cyclic lateral in-plane loads, and the post-yield responses of the models with respect to stiffness degradation, drift, energy dissipation, ductility and failure mode have been discussed.
48
Dubon, Alexis. "Home For The Holidays." After Dinner Conversation 2, no. 8 (2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/adc20212872.
Full textAbstract:
How do you find common ground with those that believe in a vast, intricate, media conspiracy to hide the truth? In this work of philosophical short story of fiction, the narrator drives out to his parent’s house to visit them for the holidays. Much to his surprise, when his parents open the door, they are only two feet tall! He is concerned that his parents, like many in the world, have shrunk to half their size. His parents, however, are equally concerned about their son because they believe he, and others in the world, have doubled in size. The son tries to explain to his parents that they have shrunk, that is why their house, and all their belongings, seem so large. However, his parents believe he, like many others, have an altered idea of what reality is, and that they have been lied to by the media and local officials. The son continues to come year after year to visit his tiny parents, who continue to refuse that they have changed, not the world around them.
49
Frontera, Filippo. "A Short History of the First 50 Years: From the GRB Prompt Emission and Afterglow Discoveries to the Multimessenger Era." Universe 10, no. 6 (2024): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10060260.
Full textAbstract:
More than fifty years have elapsed from the first discovery of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with American Vela satellites, and more than twenty-five years from the discovery with the BeppoSAX satellite of the first X-ray afterglow of a GRB. Thanks to the afterglow discovery and to the possibility given to the optical and radio astronomers to discover the GRB optical counterparts, the long-time mystery about the origin of these events has been solved. Now we know that GRBs are huge explosions, mainly ultra relativistic jets, in galaxies at cosmological distances. Starting from the first GRB detection with the Vela satellites, I will review the story of these discoveries, those obtained with BeppoSAX, the contribution to GRBs by other satellites and ground experiments, among them being Venera, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, HETE-2, Swift, Fermi, AGILE, MAGIC, H.E.S.S., which were, and some of them are still, very important for the study of GRB properties. Then, I will review the main results obtained thus far and the still open problems and prospects of GRB astronomy.
50
Ivanyshyn, Volodymyr, Viktor Buhay, and Mykola Korzachenko. "FIELD-BASED ENGNEERNG GEOLOGCAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF TEN-STORY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS ON NEZAVISIMOSTI STREET IN CHERNIHIV." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 4(22) (2020): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2020-4(22)-222-229.
Full textAbstract:
Urgency of the research. The building construction should not begin without engineering geologicalinvestigation (research) on the areas, allocated for the construction of buildings and structures. In this regard, such researches are always relevant.Target setting.Almost the whole territory of Chernihiv and Chernihiv region is covered with the quaternary sediments, which have different thicknesses and lithological composition, and it is considered a negative factor in the construction of various construction projects. Because of that, each construction site (area) needs to study its geological and hydrogeological conditions in details.Actual scientific researches and issues analysis.Recent open access publications have been reviewed.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Picture of distribution, thickness and lithology of Quaternary sediments is a general complex insufficiently solved problem for Chernihiv region.The research objective.Study of the geological structure and the hydrogeological conditions in the area for the construc-tion of three ten-story residential buildings on Nezalezhnosti Street in Chernihiv.The statement of basic materials. According to the geomorphology, the studied area is located on the Chernihiv-Go-rodnyansky Moraine-outwash plain coast near the water-divide part of the Stryzhen and the Belous rivers. According to tec-tonic zoning, it belongs to the axial zone of the north-western part of the Dnieper-Donetsk depression. In the geological sec-tions, based on the results of processing materials in drilling and cone penetrometer test, 11 engineering and geological elements (EGE) were identified. The geologic cross-sectio n up to a depth of 20 m is composed of modern technological, upper-and middle-quaternary sediments. The hydrogeological conditions of the area are determined by the ground water of a non-pressure type that is located at a depth of 3-3.5 m in general; moreover, the area belongs to Category II in terms of the complexity of engineering and geological conditions. Conclusions. Based on the surveys performed, it was found that the soil thickness on the area is heterogeneous, that is confirmed by the allocation of 11 engineering and geological elements in it. EGE 2,3-6 soils are subsidence under additional loads. The ground water is non-aggressive to all grades of concrete, cement, and reinforced concrete structures.