Academic literature on the topic 'Open Pose'

Performance benchmarking in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) pose challenging issues due to all moving parts of virtualized infrastructures potentially affecting the packet processing performance of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs). Despite the advances in best-of-breed network virtualization technologies, the dependencies on the underlying allocated hardware resources, their characteristics and customized configurations, result in benchmarking hazards that call for innovative and standardized testing methodologies towards adequate VNF performance profiling. To this end, we designed and prototyped Gym, a testing framework for automated NFV performance benchmarking we experimentally validated on Open vSwitch as a target VNF. The design principles and implementation of Gym demonstrate an useful apparatus to assist standards organizations formalizing VNF testing methodologies.

Over the last decades, biometrics has become an important way for human identification in many areas, since it can avoid frauds and increase the security of individuals in society. Nowadays, most popular biometric systems are based on fingerprint and face features. Despite the great development observed in Biometrics, an important challenge lasts, which is the automatic people identification in low-resolution videos captured in unconstrained scenarios, at a distance, in a covert and noninvasive way, with little or none subject cooperation. In these cases, gait biometrics can be the only choice. The goal of this work is to propose a new method for gait recognition using information extracted from 2D poses estimated over video sequences. For 2D pose estimation, our method uses OpenPose, an open-source robust pose estimator, capable of real-time multi-person detection and pose estimation with high accuracy and a good computational performance. In order to assess the new proposed method, we used two public gait datasets, CASIA Gait Dataset-A and CASIA Gait Dataset-B. Both datasets have videos of a number of people walking in different directions and conditions. In our new method, the classification is carried out by a 1-NN classifier. The best results were obtained by using the chi-square distance function, which obtained 95.00% of rank-1 recognition rate on CASIA Gait Dataset-A and 94.22% of rank-1 recognition rate on CASIA Gait Dataset-B, which are comparable to state-of-the-art results.

Waste disposal sites across Jordan pose serious risks to the environment and to public health if not managed safely. Municipal waste decomposing in open landfills also takes an environmental and socio-economic toll on neighbouring communities. While the Government of Jordan is planning to reduce the number of operational landfills and improve waste management services, persistent issues associated with unsustainable waste practices and their associated effects on the wellbeing of surrounding communities and the environment need to be addressed. Guaranteeing a sustainable waste management scheme for communities in Jordan should include increased consideration of the long-term effects that waste disposal sites have on neighbouring communities.

This project analysed the creative practices and concerns of young adult artists (18-35 years old) in contemporary Cambodia. It examined the extent to which the arts are being used to open up new ways of enacting Cambodian identity that encompass, but also move beyond, a preoccupation with the Khmer Rouge (1975-1979). Existing research has focused on how the recuperation and revival of traditional performance is linked to the post-genocidal reconstruction of the nation. In contrast, this research examines if, and how, young artists are moving beyond the revival process to create works that speak to a young Cambodian population.The research used NGO Cambodian Living Arts’ 2020 Cultural Season of performances, workshops, and talks as a case study through which to examine key concerns of young Cambodian artists, trace how these affected their creative process, and analyse how the resulting works were received among audiences. It was funded through the AHRC GCRF Network Plus Grant ‘Changing the Story’ which uses arts and humanities approaches to ‘build inclusive societies with, and for, young people in post-conflict settings.

DIPLANOAGAP: Distribution of Plastics in the North Atlantic Garbage Patch Ponta Delgada (Portugal) – Malaga (Spain) 17.08. – 12.09.2019 The expedition POS 536 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative of GEOMAR investigating the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus will be on the vertical transfer of plastic debris from the surface and near-surface waters to the deep sea and on the processes that mediate this transport. The obtained data will help to develop quantitative models that provide information about the level of plastic pollution in the different compartments of the open ocean (surface, water column, seafloor). Furthermore, the effects of plastic debris on marine organisms in the open ocean will be assessed. The cruise will provide data about the: (1) abundance of plastic debris with a minimum size of 100 μm as well as the composition of polymer types in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (2) abundance and composition of plastic debris in organic aggregates (“marine snow”), (3) in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates and fish) and in fecal pellets, (4) abundance and the identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.

Although many people now have access to more accumulated information than has ever been the case in human existence, we also now face a moment when the proliferation of misinformation, or false or inaccurate information, poses major challenges. In response to these challenges and to build collaboration across disciplines and expertise and a more effective community of learning and practice, the Rita Allen Foundation partnered with RTI International and the Aspen Institute along with Craig Newmark Philanthropies, Democracy Fund, and Burroughs Wellcome Fund to hold the Misinformation Solutions Forum in October 2018 at the Aspen Institute in Washington, DC. This forum brought together academic researchers, technology professionals, data scientists, journalists, educators, community leaders, funders and a set of graduate student fellows to explore promising ideas for curbing the spread of misinformation. We issued an open call for ideas to be featured in the forum that sought interventions focused on reducing behaviors that lead to the spread of misinformation or encouraging behaviors that can lead to the minimization of its influence. Interventions with technological, educational, and/or community-based components were encouraged, as were projects involving science communication, public health and diverse populations. A panel of expert judges assessed submissions through a blind review process; judges included representatives from the Rita Allen Foundation, as well as external institutions such as the Democracy Fund, the National Institutes of Health, the Poynter Institute, First Draft, and academic institutions. Authors developed the essays presented here based on both original submissions and the iterative collaboration process that ensued.

This session we are discussing complex PTSD, with the focus on Dr. Rachel Hiller's JCPP open access paper ‘A longitudinal study of cognitive predictors of (complex) post‐traumatic stress in young people in out‐of‐home care’

This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.