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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Open Reduction Internal Fixation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Open Reduction Internal Fixation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Haidukewych, George J. "OPINION: Open Reduction Internal Fixation." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 21, no. 3 (March 2007): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0b013e3180334949.

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Patel, Priyesh D., and Marc J. Richard. "Scaphoid Fracture: Open Reduction Internal Fixation." Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine 18, no. 3 (September 2010): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.otsm.2010.04.002.

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Zohman, Gary L. "OPINION: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 20, no. 1 (January 2006): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.bot.0000196657.17175.c9.

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Galatz, Leeza. "OPINION: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 18, no. 2 (February 2004): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-200402000-00014.

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Koval, Kenneth J. "OPINION: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 19, no. 1 (January 2005): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-200501000-00013.

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Sinno, Hani, and Tassos Dionisopoulos. "Open Reduction Internal Fixation Poststernotomy Mediastinitis." Plastic Surgery International 2013 (July 17, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/571685.

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Introduction. Mediastinitis has been reported to complicate 5% of sternotomy surgery. We have adopted an open reduction and rigid internal fixation (ORIF) approach during the conventional rescue surgery in the treatment of mediastinitis. Methods. A retrospective review was performed to compare the outcomes of patients that had an ORIF to correct postoperative mediastinitis following median sternotomy. These were compared with the outcome of the patients that did not undergo ORIF. Results. In the 5-year study period, we reviewed 35 mediastinitis patient charts. Postoperatively, the ORIF patient group remained in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and on a ventilator for a mean of 1.5 and 0.75 days, respectively. Patients treated without ORIF spent significantly more days in the ICU (mean of 7.5 days, P<0.05) and on a ventilator (mean of 2.15 days, P=0.1). Furthermore, it was found that none of the patients (0%) who underwent ORIF complained of any postoperative sternal instability or pain. Preoperatively, however, these rates were as high as 72%. Conclusions. In the select patient, ORIF can be a safe option in the management of mediastinitis, which we have shown to significantly decrease morbidity and mortality by providing anatomic reduction as well as physiologic stabilization. We have shown that ORIF will improve the quality of life of the patient by minimizing abnormal sternal mobility and pain and will also decrease inpatient costs by decreasing days spent in the ICU and ventilator dependence.

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Hamilton, Graham A., Matthew D. Doyle, and Francesca M. Castellucci-Garza. "Arthroscopic-Assisted Open Reduction Internal Fixation." Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery 35, no. 2 (April 2018): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpm.2017.12.004.

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Helfet, David L. "Open reduction internal fixation of the pelvis." Techniques in Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (January 1990): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00013611-199001000-00009.

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Danan, Deepa, Sugoto Mukherjee, Mark J. Jameson, and David C. Shonka. "Open Reduction Internal Fixation for Midline Mandibulotomy." JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 140, no. 12 (December 1, 2014): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2014.2005.

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Kaempffe, Frederick A., Lawrence B. Bone, and John R. Border. "Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acetabular." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 5, no. 4 (December 1991): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-199112000-00009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Lanka, Gopi Krishna. "Stability of the Mandible–Strut Plate Complex in Isolated Angle Fractures: A Finite Element Study." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535382405124984.

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Oliveira, Priscila Rosalba Domingos de. "Incidência e fatores associados à ocorrência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico nas fraturas diafisárias do fêmur e da tíbia tratadas com haste intramedular: estudo prospectivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-23102018-092906/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: As fraturas diafisárias do fêmur e da tíbia encontram-se em destaque devido a sua elevada incidência e alto impacto econômico e social. A osteossíntese com uso da haste intramedular (HIM) é o procedimento cirúrgico de escolha. A infecção de sítio cirúrgico (ISC) relacionada a HIM é considerada uma complicação grave e de difícil tratamento. OBJETIVOS: 1. Determinar a incidência de ISC após a implantação de HIM para fixação de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur e tíbia. 2. Avaliar os possíveis fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo observacional do tipo coorte. Para definição de ISC, foram utilizados os critérios do CDC-NHSN. A incidência de ISC foi calculada como a relação entre o número de pacientes com ISC em relação ao número total de pacientes. Para avaliação dos potenciais fatores associados, foram analisados aqueles relacionados aos pacientes (idade, gênero, índice de massa corpórea, presença de focos ativos de infecção à distância, presença condições imunossupressoras, avaliação de estado físico segundo escore ASA, etilismo, tabagismo, uso de drogas ilícitas, politrauma, etiologia do trauma, tipo de fratura quanto à exposição óssea, classificação da fratura segundo Müller AO, classificação segundo Tcherne para as fraturas fechadas, classificação segundo Gustilo-Anderson para as fraturas expostas, permanência em outro serviço de saúde, uso prévio de fixador externo, antecedente de manipulação cirúrgica na topografia da fratura, uso de hemoderivados); dos fatores relacionados ao ambiente cirúrgico e ao ato operatório (classificação da ferida quanto ao potencial de contaminação, duração da cirurgia, tricotomia, possível contaminação intraoperatória, uso de antimicrobianos relacionados ao procedimento cirúrgico, uso de drenos, ocorrência de hipotermia ou hipóxia no período perioperatório, tipo de HIM utilizada, fresagem, necessidade de necessidade de reparo do revestimento cutâneo associado à topografia da fratura, uso de terapia por pressão negativa) e dos fatores relacionados à microbiota (colonização por S. aureus ou A. baumannii). RESULTADOS: 221 pacientes foram incluídos e completaram o período de 12 meses de seguimento. A incidência de ISC associada à osteossíntese com HIM foi de 11,8%. Na análise inicial por regressão logística não ajustada, os seguintes fatores apresentaram associação com ISC: etiologia do trauma relacionada a acidentes de carro e bicicleta, classificação Müller AO do traço da fratura 2 ou 3, uso prévio de fixador externo, cirurgias com maiores tempos de duração, uso de drenos, uso de terapia por pressão negativa e necessidade de reparo do revestimento cutâneo na topografia da fratura. Na análise ajustada por regressão logística múltipla, contudo, apenas o uso prévio de fixador externo e a necessidade de reparo do revestimento cutâneo mantiveram-se associados à ocorrência de ISC. CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de ISC associada à fixação de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur e tíbia com HIM foi de 11,8%. O uso prévio de fixadores externos e a necessidade de reparo do revestimento cutâneo na topografia da fratura foram fatores associados à ocorrência de infecção
BACKGROUND: Diaphyseal fractures of femur and tibia are prominent due to its high incidence and high economic and social impact. Intramedullary nailing (IN) is the surgical procedure of choice. Surgical site infection (SSI) related to this procedure is considered a difficult to treat complication. OBJECTIVES: Determine the incidence of SSI after IM in femoral and tibial diaphyseal fractures and evaluate possible risk factors. METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study. SSI was defined according to CDC-NHSN criteria. Incidence of SSI was calculated as the ratio between the number of patients with SSI and total number of patients. Analysis of potential risk factors included patients-related factors (age, gender, body mass index, active foci of infection, immunosuppressive conditions, ASA score, alcohol or illicit drug abuse, smoking, polytrauma, etiology of fracture, type of fracture if closed or open, classification of fracture according to Müller AO, Tcherne classification for closed fractures, to Gustilo-Anderson classification for open fractures, previous surgical manipulation, use of blood products); environmental and surgical-related factors (surgical wound classification, duration of surgery, hair removal, intraoperative contamination, antimicrobial use, presence of drains, hypothermia or hypoxia in the perioperative period, type of IN used, reaming, need for muscle or skin flap repair, use of negative pressure therapy) and microbiotarelated factors (S. aureus and A. baumannii colonization). RESULTS: 221 patients were included and completed the 12-month follow-up period. Incidence of SSI was 11.8%. In the initial analysis by unadjusted logistic regression, following factors were associated SSI: trauma etiology related to car and bicycle accidents, Müller AO classification of the fracture morphology groups 2 or 3, previous use of external fixator, surgeries with larger length of time, presence of drains, use of negative pressure therapy and need for muscle or skin flap repair. In the multiple logistic regression-adjusted analysis, previous use of external fixator and need for muscle or skin flap repair remained associated with SSI. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of SSI associated with IN for femoral and tibial diaphyseal fractures was 11.8%. Previous use of external fixators and need for muscle or skin flap repair were factors associated with occurrence of infection

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LIN, MENG-YI, and 林孟宜. "A Study of Patient Experience about Open Reduction and Internal Fixation surgery Of Fracture and Dislocation." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82983928297312555812.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理系
104
In recent years, It is often to here that healthcare institutions prepared fake file for Hospital accreditation. To encourage healthcare institutions implement the daily manage and reduce pressure of hospital colleagues, Ministry of Health and Welfare is reforming the mode of Hospital accreditation, such as: Streamlining provisions, Patient Focus Methodology(PFM) instead of Investigating paperwork. PFM case is chosen by the high-volume or high-risk disease of the healthcare institutions, and visited with the patient care process each patient care team, checked medical records, access to care personnel or even visit the patient in order to understand healthcare institutions meet the criteria. Therefore, it is an important issue to implement disease management for hospital supervision and management team. In addition, Taiwan hospital accreditation also refer CAHPS of the United States, require hospital must have patient experience investigation in 2014. Therefore, this study combined patient experience and disease management to explore the patient experience about “Open Reduction and Internal Fixation surgery Of Fracture and Dislocation”. The results of this study are: patient experienced average is 4.36, most of the patient living in Yunlin County and Chiayi County. Independent samples T test showed that patient experience average scores are lower when the patient self-assessment of the severity of the disease is a serious and critical condition, or when the self-assessment during the hospitalization is too short, or the ward room belongs to double or single rooms. In the correlation analysis we found that the patient experience of emergency medical treatment overall experience score correlation is not significant. The nurses in the hospital performance, overall performance of patient experience scores were highly correlated. . Keywords：Patient experience, Open Reduction and Internal Fixation surgery Of Fracture and Dislocation

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Lue, Jun-Sheng, and 呂俊昇. "The Development,Implementation,and Evaluation of Clinical Pathway for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Lower Extremity in a Distriet Teaching Hospital." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71493035979119804867.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
醫務管理研究所
87
The objective of this study is to construct a clinical pathway for open reduction and internal fixation for lower extremity in a district teaching hospital.The length of stay,medical expenses,re-admission rate in 14 days,and their variences between berore and after the intervention were also analyzed in this study.The followings are the results and conclusions from this study. 1.Clinical pathway can control the variance of the average of length of stay. 2.Clinical pathway can decrease the majority of medical expenses. 3.By standardizing medical procedures,clinical pathway can redurce the variance of medical expenses. 4.Through the implementation of clinical pathway,the professional team may dwvelop the most suitable practuce model for their organization.The practice of clinical pathyway is expected to effectively improve the quality of medical service.

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Books on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Lawson, Tracey Jane. The effect of a pneumatic foot pump system on swelling, range of movement and pain following open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures. UEL, 1994.

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Agarwal, Anil, Neil Borley, and Greg McLatchie. Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608911.003.0015.

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This chapter on oral and maxillofacial surgery describes intra-oral and face nerve blocks. Operations include biopsies and excision of small lesions, simple and surgical tooth extraction, apicectomy, odontogenic cyst enucleation and marsupilialization, intra-oral implant insertion, maxillary sinus floor elevation, submandibular duct stone removal, sublingual gland excision, repair of facial laceration including parotid duct repair and facial nerve repair, lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, intermaxillary fixation, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of mandible, mandibular condyle, zygomatic complex, repair of orbital floor and wall, access for bicoronal flap, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, maxillary osteotomy, temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis, eminoplasty and condyloplasty and disc procedures, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, radial forearm free flap harvest, osteocutaneous iliac crest flap harvest and, fibula free flap harvest.

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Parker, Martyn J. Femoral neck fractures. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012051.

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♦ Intracapsular fractures are classified by division into those fractures that are essentially undisplaced and those that are displaced♦ Undisplaced fractures are generally treated by reduction and internal fixation♦ Displaced fractures may be treated by reduction and internal fixation but this incurs the potential complications of re-displacement of the fracture, non-union, and avascular necrosis♦ Displaced fractures in the elderly are generally treated with a replacement arthroplasty.

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Glover, Chris D., and Wallis T. Muhly. Anesthetic Implications for Surgical Correction of Pectus Excavatum. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0019.

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Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest wall deformity in children. It is characterized by a posterior depression of the sternum resulting from defective growth of the surrounding rib cartilage. This abnormality in thoracic architecture can lead to a progressive reduction in cardiopulmonary capacity. An early surgical approach popularized by Ravitch involved an open repair with removal of abnormal rib cartilage to allow for regrowth of the rib cartilage to the sternum in a more anterior position. Subsequently, Nuss popularized a minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum which involves the internal bracing of the chest wall and anterior displacement of the sternum without cutting of the rib cartilage. It is now the most common surgical approach for pectus excavatum correction. Anesthesiologists should acutely be aware of the potential intraoperative complications associated with this procedure as well as the postoperative challenges this procedure poses in terms of pain management.

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Book chapters on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Bogdan, Yelena, and Torre Ruth. "Clavicle Fracture: Open Reduction Internal Fixation." In Tips and Tricks for Problem Fractures, Volume I, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38274-2_1.

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Frangie, Robert. "Lisfranc Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Operative Dictations in Orthopedic Surgery, 235–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7479-1_65.

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Haft, Geoffrey F. "Talus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Operative Dictations in Orthopedic Surgery, 237–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7479-1_66.

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Kapoor, Harish, Adeel Aqil, and Osman Riaz. "Fractures of Proximal Humerus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Fracture Reduction and Fixation Techniques, 113–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68628-8_14.

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Healy, William L. "Tibial Periprosthetic Fractures: Open Reduction Internal Fixation." In Surgical Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty, 587–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21714-2_78.

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Bauer, Jennifer M., and William G. Mackenzie. "Humeral Shaft Fracture: Open Reduction Internal Fixation." In Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Case Atlas, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28226-8_11-1.

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Awada, Moustapha. "Supracondylar Femur Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Operative Dictations in Orthopedic Surgery, 121–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7479-1_33.

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Frangie, Robert. "Ankle Fracture: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Operative Dictations in Orthopedic Surgery, 231–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7479-1_64.

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Shamseddeen, Ali. "Distal Humerus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Operative Dictations in Orthopedic Surgery, 299–301. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7479-1_82.

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Stevens, Nicole M., and Kenneth Egol. "Coronoid Fracture: Open Reduction and Internal Fixation." In Fractures of the Elbow, 123–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22857-6_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Yan Choy, Hau, Peng Sheng Tan, and Ker Woon Choy. "Finite Element Analysis of Open Reduction Internal Fixation for Mandible Fracture." In ICBET '21: 2021 11th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460238.3460266.

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Raghava, Parthasarathy, Kevin J. Thompson, Brent A. Ponce, and Alan W. Eberhardt. "Importance of Calcar Comminution and Screw Length in Proximal Humerus Fractures Treated With Locking Plate Fixation." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193104.

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While proximal humerus fractures are relatively infrequent and the majority are amenable to non-operative treatment, open reduction with internal fixation remains a surgical mainstay [1,2]. With the advent of locking fixation, the majority of proximal humerus fractures requiring surgery are treated with locking plates. Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that locked plating is superior to intramedullary fixation, conventional or blade plating in two and three part proximal humerus fractures [3,4]. Despite the increased stability and use of locking fixation, loss of reduction remains a post-operative problem in osteoporotic bone with comminuted fractures [5]. Presently we hypothesized that: 1) Medial comminution of the calcar region is a determinant of fracture and fixation stability; and 2) Greater stability and increased resistance to varus deformity is gained through use of locking screws that cross the inferior surgical neck and penetrate the humeral head, i.e., the calcar region of the humerus.

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Nguyen, Thuc-Quyen D., Andrew Y. Park, James Guido DiStefano, Jenni M. Buckley, William H. Montgomery, and Christopher D. Grimsrud. "Congruency of Scapula Locking Plates: Implications for Implant Design." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19117.

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While often treated non-operatively, certain displaced scapular fractures have shown improved clinical results with open reduction and internal fixation [1, 2]. Common methods of internal fixation for fractures of the scapula include non-locking and locking fracture plates. Locking scapula plate designs have several advantages over other repair techniques. First, they are site-specific and pre-contoured, which reduces soft-tissue irritation. Soft-tissue irritation is a common patient complaint, ultimately resulting in revision surgery in 7.1% of all scapular fracture cases [3]. A second advantage of locking plate designs is that the fixed angle design also helps create a more stable construct in thin cortical bone. Lastly, the anatomical fit of the locking scapula plates allows for reconstruction of comminuted fractures.

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Dey, Roopam, Sudesh Sivarasu, Johan Charilaou, Stephen Roche, and Frida Hansson. "Evaluating the Fit of Current Anatomical Scapula Reconstruction Plates: A Study Using Fifty Scapulae." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9079.

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Abstract Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) of scapula fractures have increased in numbers recently. This is due to better functional outcomes achieved post-ORIF than non-operative management techniques. In South Africa, there is only one available supplier for anatomical contoured scapula plates used in the ORIF. This study examines the fit of these plates on the bony topology of fifty healthy scapula. It was observed that the short medial body plate performed the best in adhering to the bone topology followed by the short acromion plate. The glenoid plate and the long acromion and body plates were not adequately designed to fit their intended regions on the scapula. In conclusion, this study highlights the drawbacks in design of current commercial plates available for ORIF of scapula. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate the quantitative-fit performance of these plates on fracture scapula surfaces.

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Chande, Ruchi D., John R. Owen, Robert S. Adelaar, and Jennifer S. Wayne. "Finite Element Analysis of Fixed Medial Malleolar Fractures." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14632.

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The ankle joint, comprised of the distal ends of the tibia and fibula as well as talus, is key in permitting movement of the foot and restricting excessive motion during weight-bearing activities. Medial ankle injury occurs as a result of pronation-abduction or pronation-external rotation loading scenarios in which avulsion of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deltoid ligament can result if the force is sufficient [1]. If left untreated, the joint may experience more severe conditions like osteoarthritis [2]. To avoid such consequences, medial ankle injuries — specifically bony injuries — are treated with open reduction and internal fixation via the use of plates, screws, wires, or some combination thereof [1, 3–4]. In this investigation, the mechanical performance of two such devices was compared by creating a 3-dimensional model of an earlier cadaveric study [5], validating the model against the cadaveric data via finite element analysis (FEA), and comparing regions of high stress to regions of experimental failure.

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Fangyang, Shen, Shen Yue, and Qi Yue. "AR aided implant templating for unilateral fracture reduction and internal fixation surgery." In 2011 IEEE Virtual Reality (VR). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vr.2011.5759459.

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Cho, Jang Ho, Hoeryong Jung, Insik Yu, Kyungno Lee, Doo Yong Lee, Hyung Soo Ahn, Ilhyung Park, Sang Hee Yeo, and Seung-Ho Han. "Surface-Data-Based Haptic Rendering for Simulation of Surgery of Closed Reduction and Internal Fixation." In 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2007.4352260.

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Comitre, Lucas, and Flavio G. Lehmann. "In-Cylinder NOx Reduction Using Different Camshaft Timings on Diesel Engines." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5492.

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Over time, environmental protection standards have become more strict and complex. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are regulated pollutants produced by combustion in a diesel engine. In this project, camshaft timing modifications were studied as a way of reducing NOx emission levels while using low cost hardware. Different valve timing strategies were proposed and modelled using engine simulation. This project was based on two concepts. The first was to open the intake valve during the exhaust stroke, thus expelling burnt gases from the cylinder into the intake manifold and then later re-admitting these gases into the cylinder during the intake stroke of the next cycle. The second was to open the exhaust valve during the intake stroke, allowing burnt gases from the exhaust manifold to enter the cylinder at the same time as the fresh charge enters. Both technologies studied were able to recirculate the exhaust gases without an external EGR system. The EGR amount was controlled by either an intake throttle or an exhaust throttle. The amount of EGR was predicted using engine simulation. The brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake-specific NOx (BSNOx) trade off was the main criterion used to select the best technology, although other features such as predicted manifold pressures and engine-out soot were also considered. The results indicate that, by using increased amounts of EGR while varying the intake or exhaust throttle position, NOx emissions can be reduced with a slight BSFC penalty. These methods are thus a low cost means of reducing engine-out NOx emissions.

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Shessel, B. E., S. W. Frederick, and A. R. Cross. "Use of an Intraoperative Distraction Device as an Aid for the Open Reduction and Fixation of Chronic Lateral Humeral Condylar Fractures in Dogs." In Abstracts of the 46th Annual Conference of the Veterinary Orthopedic Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1692233.

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Hazlett, Lauren, Gabriella Becker, Allyn Calvis, Mary Verzi, and Manish Paliwal. "Design of Bioabsorbable Polymeric Humeral Fracture Fixation Device." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39743.

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Approximately 55,500 proximal humeral fractures require surgical fixation annually. The current standard for internal humeral fracture fixation involves implantation of rigid metallic devices to prevent dislocation of bone fragments. However, these devices have high stiffness characteristics which can cause stress shielding in bone. A second method of fixation, called biological fixation, decreases stiffness which reduces stress shielding by utilizing more flexible devices. This approach tends leads to increased incidences of delayed healing and nonunion of fracture fragments. Therefore, this device design implements two bioabsorbable polymers in two distinct layers that degrade at different rates. The purpose of this design is to provide rigid fixation during the initial fracture healing phase followed by a period of biological fixation, allowing for functional healing along with a reduction in stress shielding over time compared to current devices. The bioabsorbable property permits the device to remain in situ, thus eliminating the need for removal surgery and reducing the risk of surgical site infection. Using finite element analysis, the design has been demonstrated to exhibit varying axial, torsional, and flexural stiffness over time. The final device was fabricated by injection molding, and tested for flexural stiffness. In addition, the polymers were tested for stiffness at specific time intervals over the course of the degradation period. All stiffness tests were performed under simple three point loads. A Nikon 3200 camera (Nikon Inc., Melville, NY) was used to sequentially image the material samples and plate throughout each load application. The flexural stiffness of the device was determined by utilizing Digital Image Correlation analysis in Matlab (MathWorks, Inc.) to analyze surface displacements between image frames. The success of the device was determined by comparing the observed difference in stiffness to standard stiffness values for humeral fixation devices currently available on the market. A substantial decrease in stiffness combines the benefits of rigid and biological fixation devices as well as eliminates the complications associated with each, providing an improved solution for proximal humeral fractures.

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Reports on the topic "Open Reduction Internal Fixation"

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Qin, Yi, Zhihong Liang, and Jian Li. Closed reduction Percutaneous Screw Fixation and open reduction plate internal fixation for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.1.0081.

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Hao, Zhang, and Feng Ting. Systematic review and Meta-analysis of early and late open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of multiple rib fractures. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.12.0101.

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3

Buys, Michael J. Use of the TRPV1 Agonist Capsaicin to Provide Long-Term Analgesia in a Rat Limb Fracture/Open Repair, Internal Fixation Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada569521.

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4

Buys, Michael J. Use of the TRPV1 Agonist Capsaicin to Provide Long-Term Analgesia in a Rat Limb Fracture/Open Repair, Internal Fixation Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada569523.

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