Academic literature on the topic 'Operation Feed the Nation (Nigeria)'

Feed mills play a vital role in the success of the livestock industry. Feed mills operation in Oyo zone of Oyo state, Nigeria is as old as the livestock industry in the zone. However, very little information on the activities of the feed mills in the zone is available. This study was therefore carried out to elicit information on the activities of the feed mills in Oyo zone, Nigeria. A multistage sampling method was adopted for this study. In the first stage, Oyo zone was divided into four, while in the second stage 10 questionnaires were administered to feed millers in each of the four Local Government Areas (LGAs), making a total of 40 in all. All administered questionnaires were recovered, processed and subjected to descriptive statistics using frequency counts and percentages. From the result obtained, majority of the respondents had tertiary education (70.00%) and 65.00% of them were casual workers. The study also shows that majority of the feed mills in the study area were for commercial purposes (70.00%) and semi-automated (65.00%). Also, 67.50 claimed they had separate structures where they stored the feed ingredients and feeds and 72.50% of the feed millers claimed awareness of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and feeds. The study reveals that majority of the respondents financed their feed mill businesses through their personal savings (40.00%). It can be recommended that low interest credit facilities be provided to the feed millers by the concerned authorities to further boost their businesses. Les usines d'aliments des animaux jouent un rôle essentiel dans le succès de l'industrie de l'élevage. L'operation des usines d'aliments des animaux dans la zone d'Oyo de l'État d'Oyo, au Nigéria, est aussi ancienne que l'industrie de l'élevage dans la zone. Cependant, très peu d'informations sur les activités des meuneries de la zone sont disponibles. Cette étude a donc été réalisée pour obtenir des informations sur les activités des usines d'aliments des animaux dans la zone d'Oyo, au Nigeria. Une méthode d'échantillonnage à plusieurs degrés a été adoptée pour cette étude. Dans la première étape, la zone d'Oyo a été divisée en quatre, tandis que dans la deuxième étape, 10 questionnaires ont été administrés aux minotiers dans chacune des quatre zones de gouvernement local (LGA), pour faire un total de 40. Tous les questionnaires administrés ont été récupérés, traités et soumis à des statistiques descriptive utilisant des comptages de fréquence et des pourcentages. D'après le résultat obtenu, la majorité des répondants avaient une formation supérieure (70.00%) et 65.00% d'entre eux étaient des travailleurs occasionnels. L'étude montre également que la majorité des meuneries de la zone d'étude étaient à des fins commerciales (70.00%) et semi-automatisées (65.00%). En outre, 67.50 ont déclaré qu'ils avaient des structures séparées où ils stockaient les ingrédients et les aliments des animaux et 72.50% des fabricants d'aliments des animaux ont déclaré qu'ils étaient conscients des mycotoxines présentes dans les ingrédients et les aliments des animaux. L'étude révèle que la majorité des répondants ont financé leurs activités de meunerie grâce à leurs économies personnelles (40,00%). Il peut être recommandé que les autorités concernées fournissent des facilités de crédit à tauxfaible aux meuneries afin de stimuler davantageleurs activités.

The interception of erring ships is one of the major tasks of maritime nations. The establishment of maritime agencies is done to protect seafarers, marine environments among others. Nigeria and Malaysia no doubt are two countries endowed with seas, and the two countries have enacted laws and established maritime agencies to tackle the menace of insecurity in ports and the maritime domains. The study compares the strategies for combating insecurity by maritime agencies in Nigeria and Malaysia. Interestingly, the two countries are also members of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). Both countries, among other benefits, charge fees on cargoes loaded or unloaded in their ports. These charges significantly serve as sources of income, which enhances the economic development of the two nations. This paper examines the economic gains from the ports and maritime domain as well as the attendant risks inhibiting the fortunes derived from the seas despite legal and administrative machinery to surmount the challenges. The paper adopts methodological triangulation, and micro comparison to study or assess the phenomenon of various maritime security agencies at it enhances insight into their different approaches. This article gives a prognosis of some areas of benefits, interface, and shortcomings in the legal and administrative agencies of maritime security in Nigeria and Malaysia. It concludes by demonstrating that the laws regulating port and maritime security are virtually the same in both countries with little differences. It found that there is a lot to be learned from the implementation strategies of the Malaysian agencies especially in the areas operational disposition and this perhaps possible on the strength of basic amenities like stable electricity which is one of the panaceas to tame stowaway passengers among other insecurity in the port and maritime domain.

Natural gas is a clean-burning, safe fuel that can save you money at the pump while benefitting the environment and reducing Nigeria’s dependence on petroleum. It is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbon, non-gaseous non-hydrocarbons and gaseous non-hydrocarbons found in underground reservoir rocks either on its own (non-associated gas) or in association with crude oil (associated gas). Natural gas is today accepted as one of the best sources of energy for the world and for the future because of its environmentally-friendly nature compared to other kinds of fossil fuels. Nigeria is ranked as the seventh most natural gas endowed nation in the world and relaxes on number one spot in Africa as she seats on about one hundred and eighty-eight trillion cubic feet of natural gas deposits.Current opportunities to utilize gas in Nigeria include: Gas to reinjection schemes, Gas to power schemes, Gas to petrochemicals (as feedstock), LNG-Liquefied Natural Gas, LPG- Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and CNG- Compressed Natural Gas. The use of CNG as auto fuel in Nigeria presents so much benefits as have been highlighted in this paper with emphasis on the economic advantage. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a product of compressing natural gas to one hundredth the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.A comprehensive economic analysis to determine the cost savings from driving a car on CNG against PMS considered the case of a motorist who covers an average of 100 km every day in the approximately thirty days that make a month was employed. Results established that running a car on CNG amounts to saving N1 143 daily and N34 284 monthly, the cost of converting the car from PMS - driven to CNG - driven is recovered before the end of the sixth month. From the sixth month to the end of the first year, savings of N211 402 is made. Savings of N411 408 is enjoyed each year after the first year.Running vehicles on CNG will greatly reduce the friction and troubles encountered in importing fuel into the country. This will also cut down largely the hardly available foreign exchange expended in bringing in PMS for fuelling vehicles. To this end, the Nigerian Government should as a matter of national development ensure legal and regulatory framework encompassing both technical and commercial aspects for natural gas utilization in Nigeria. Worthy of note is the aspect of gas gathering, gas transmission and distribution which will further encourage the planting of CNG refuelling stations that will serve the expected large fleet of natural gas vehicles. Currently, Green Gas Limited, a joint venture between Nigeria Gas Company (NGC) a Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and NIPCO Plc. that has nine operational CNG refuelling stations and others under construction is the only company driving the CNG revolution in the country.

A nation that cannot feed her citizens effectively is facing a very big global economic challenge. This was one of the reasons why UN inculcated food security measure as one of the 2003 MDG goals for the developing countries before 2015 target years. Nigerians economic down turn started when agricultural economy was neglected and attention was given to crude oil economy as the major export of the country’s economy. The neglect export of the country’s economy. This neglect of the country’s agric economy gave rise to the present social and economic challenges such as poverty, unemployment, food security, low agric export system, youths restiveness, social insecurity and the general infrastructural decay and decay in other systems. Therefore one of the striking measures to address the countries economic system is through the revival of agriculture with particular reference to women empowerment. The paper therefore discussed women empowerment, importance of agriculture to Nigerian economy and the need for women empowerment in agriculture. The paper also highlighted strategies for women empowerment, demerits of not empowering women and challenges confronting women farmers in Nigeria. The paper recommends an immediate action to empower women farm with enough financial and material support for women farmers in Nigeria

AbstractAccording to Islamic Financial Service Board (IFSB), Sukuk are certificates that represent the holders’ proportionate ownership in an undivided part of underlying asset where the holder assumes all right and obligations to such asset. The emergence of Sukuk in Islamic capital markets is a significant development that provides alternative funding avenue for corporate entities, government and financial institutions. Despite the tremendous growth of Sukuk finance globally, the phenomenon is relatively new in Nigeria, though the regulator, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has issued guidelines for the operation and placing of Sukuk in the country, apart from Osun State Government that has listed its Sukuk and the recent FGN Sukuk issuance, evidence shows that, none within the corporate and financial bodies had listed any Sukuk in Nigeria. It is against this backdrop that this paper aims at assessing the role of Sukuk financing in nation building with special reference to the recent Sukuk issuance by the Federal Government for the rehabilitation of Federal roads across the six geo-political zones of the Country. The researchers adopted analytical and descriptive approaches in this study. The main findings of the paper have shown that despite the novelty of Sukuk finance to Nigerian context, it has incalculable impact on nation building. It also revealed that Ṣukūk have many economic benefits and potentialities to Nigerian economy in terms of economic growth, financial inclusion, diversification, Liquidity Control and infrastructural financing, among others.

The importance of inland fisheries sector cannot be over-emphasized and its significance in providing food security and generating local income is not in doubt. Production from inland open water capture fisheries is declining due to over-exploitation and habitat degradation. The rapidly declining catch from fish landing is a possible indication that the fish yields of most Nigerian inland waters are generally low for causes that may range from inadequate management of fisheries to degradation of water bodies. Artisanal fishing in the Niger Delta is faced with myriads of obstacles emanating from human activities; one of these problems being the menace of the commercial fishing trawlers and activities of the oil companies in the area. The local supply of fish and fishery products consists of production from the artisanal (85%), industrial (14%) and Aquaculture (1%) subsectors. The high activity level in the Niger Delta has exposed the area to the dangers of pollution of water, land and air as well as oil spills which have endangered aquatic life as well as the entire ecosystem, topography and surface vegetation leading to loss of biodiversity and conflicts. The contribution of fisheries to the nation economy is very significant in terms of employment, income generation, poverty alleviation, foreign exchange earnings and provision of raw materials for the animal feed industry. In order for biodiversity conservation to be effective, management measures must be broad based. Keywords: Inland Fisheries, Aquaculture, Over-exploitation, Sustainable, and Pollution.

The study investigated the effects cutting fluids on tool wearing on high speed steel (HSS) using mild steel workpiece for teaching machining operation. Two specific objectives guided the study, two corresponding research questions were poised and two null hypotheses were formulated. The theoretical frame work for the study was hinged on experiential learning theory as propounded by Rogers (1969). The growing demand for biodegradable materials has opened an avenue for using vegetable oils such as neem seed oil, castor oil and water melon seed oil as an alternative to conventional cutting fluids. In this study, some aspects of the turning process on mild steel using HSS cutting tool at variety of spindle speed, feed rate and constant depth of cut were observed using neem seed oil, soluble oil and straight oil in comparison. The data collected from the study was analyzed using mean and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The decision rule was that, the smaller the mean value obtained the more effective the cutting fluid and the higher the mean value, the less effective the cutting fluid. The hypotheses were tested at α=0.05 significance level using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings of the study revealed that soluble oil is more effective in reducing tool wearing than neem oil and straight oil at variety of feed rates and spindle speeds during machining operation. Also there is no significant difference in the mean readings of tool wearing when using neem oil, soluble oil, and straight oil as cutting fluid. It was therefore recommended that machinists should be encouraged to use soluble oil which has greater advantage over neem and straight oils in machining operations

The study appraised the economic performance of small and medium scale poultry egg production in Ife and Ilesha metropolis, Osun State Nigeria. A purposive sampling was used to select one hundred and twenty poultry egg farmers, cluster sampling was used to select areas where small and medium scale were concentrated in the study area then sixty (60) small scale and sixty (60) medium scale were randomly selected to form the population of the study. Data were collected through structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics such as means and percentages were employed for budgetary analysis and economic performance. The ordinary least square was used to determine the significant variables influencing the gross margin of poultry egg farmers at different levels of scale of production. The study shows that the gross margin of small farms was ₦575.65 while the gross margin of medium farms was ₦43672.62. The total production cost of small and medium farms were ₦1480.25 and ₦29654.43 respectively. The results further reveal that costs of feed constituted the largest share of the total costs for the two categories of farm size. The amount spent on drug and feed were the only significant determining factors of revenue accruable to both categories of poultry egg farmers. Although, poultry egg production was profitable in the study area, the level of profit depended on the scale of operation.

Since the advent of technology, the ability for Man to do work has been enhanced by the discovery of various forms of energy and the efficient manage-ment of these energy resources. Thus, all over the world, the GNP of a nation depends on the energy consumption per capita and the growth in the macro-economics of the locality. This paper addresses the Edo State’s Governments Rural Electrification Scheme, which has been in operation since 1957. The population of the localities, the area coverage in square kilometres and the index of industrialization of the Local Government Area (LGA) are presented. The number of electrified towns compared with the total number of localities per LGA by the successive governments’ shows that the rate of rural electrification is 18%. Consequent-ly, industrialization and the standard of living of Edo State’s people are also seriously affected. It is rec-ommended that to enhance the economic disposi-tion of rural people, the federal government, state government, the local government authority, busi-ness operators in the localities and people involved, must put all their resources together to build stable and reliable electrification schemes all over the country, the back bone of any nations technological development and stable Gross National Product (GNP). The recommendations made will benefit other African countries in general.

Abstract. This study adopts an output oriented Shephard Distance Function (SDF) to estimate Technical Efficiency (TE) in cattle feedlot under five distinct estimators (Data Envelopment Analysis /DEA/, Free Disposal Hull /FDH/, Order-m, Order-α and Bootstrap). The aim is to rank the efficiency estimates based on descending order of the TE estimates from the five estimators and test the hypotheses of mean difference across the estimators. In addition, the independent variables used in the feedlot system were also ranked based on magnitude to total cost. Results show initial cost of animal, feed cost, water cost, labour cost, depreciation, medicaments and cost of salt lick are ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th, respectively, in terms of proportion to total cost. The study found a combination of inappropriate scale of production and managerial problems as the causes of inefficiency in the cattle feedlot. The study advocates for proper pricing of inputs, commensurate and timely utilization of inputs to avert input waste. Similarly, the study recommends up-scaling (178 cattle feedlot) and down-scaling (92 cattle feedlot) the cattle feedlot production owing to their operation at increasing and decreasing returns to scale, respectively, to attain enhanced efficiency.

In the previous chapter, the malleability of Danish energy policy was highlighted as a key factor behind the successful diffusion of wind power in Denmark. This chapter examines wind power diffusion in Germany, and in the process highlights a different, though equally successful policy ideology. Compared to policy of its Nordic neighbor, wind power development policy in Germany has been far more structured and invariable. In fact, the success of Germany’s wind power development strategy often serves as an exemplar for proponents of consistent feed-in tariff regimes, which is considered by some to be the most effective strategy for driving wind power development. As this chapter will demonstrate, fostering wind power development in Germany is, like in other nations, a complex challenge involving dynamic interactions between government and nongovernment actors. As German wind power capacity expanded, there has been social dissent and utility opposition. Nevertheless, the German government has remained committed to aggressive wind power diffusion policies and has responded to emergent challenges in a remarkably unified manner wherein state, regional, and local government actors have formed integrated problem-solving networks. This chapter also highlights the seamless web of nation-specific STEP factors influencing wind power development that is apparent in Germany. As one pair of researchers observed, wind power development in Germany has been marked by “close interplay between the actors within the political system, technical and economic development, as well as social factors.” As has been the case in most industrialized nations, forces in support of wind power development began to amass during the two energy crises of the 1970s. As the government began to evaluate its alternative energy technology options, nuclear power and wind power emerged as the two most viable utility-scale options. In the 1970s, nuclear power in Germany enjoyed a modicum of developmental success. The nation’s first commercial nuclear power plant commenced operation in 1969. By 2010, nuclear power contributed approximately 22% to Germany’s electricity supply. However, nuclear power development has been contentious. Although there has been industrial support, there has also been strident public opposition, especially since Chernobyl.

Monitoring of meteorological or/and oceanographic conditions is done on many Oil & Gas platforms offshore West and Central Africa (from Nigeria to Angola), but it is often only used in real-time and not necessarily archived on a hard-drive, or it is protected by each company’s IT firewalls thus making it difficult to send the information to the “outer world”. In 2010, TOTAL Oil & Gas Operator launched a project to give remote and public access to this real-time wind, current and also wave or other meteorological / oceanographic (“metocean”) data. The objectives of this initiative were multiple: • Improve weather and ocean hindcasts and forecasts, which will be beneficial to all Oil & Gas operations in Africa, • Help feed a database for future O&G developments; • Enable design checks after ∼1 year of operation; • Serve as a “black box” in case of an incident which could be due to environment; • Help feed or validate ocean and oil spill drift forecast in case of emergency; • Contribute to the international effort of monitoring the oceans in the long term (operational oceanography, climate change, etc.); • Encourage capacity building in Africa by supporting development and maintenance of technical solutions to reach objectives In 2013, with the support of the French Meteorological Office Météo-France, the data from half a dozen platforms offshore Nigeria, Congo and Angola will be available on the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Global Telecommunication System (GTS). This paper will present the type of metocean stations that are part of this network “MODANET”, the IT architecture that was selected to send it out of the Company’s network, the quality control undertaken by Meteo France before sending it to the GTS, and future possible use of the data that are envisaged.