Relevant bibliographies by topics / Opercular

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Academic literature on the topic 'Opercular'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Opercular"

1

Bouthillier, Alain, Werner Surbeck, Alexander G. Weil, Tania Tayah, and Dang K. Nguyen. "The Hybrid Operculo-Insular Electrode." Neurosurgery 70, no. 6 (December 19, 2011): 1574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e318246a3b7.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Precise localization of an epileptic focus in the perisylvian/insular area is a major challenge. The difficult access and the high density of blood vessels within the sylvian fissure have lead to poor coverage of intrasylvian (opercular and insular) cortex by available electrodes. OBJECTIVE: To report the creation of a novel electrode designed to record epileptic activity from both the insular cortex and the hidden surfaces of the opercula. METHODS: The hybrid operculo-insular electrode was fabricated by Ad-Tech Medical Instrument Corporation (Racine, Wisconsin). It was used in combination with regular subdural and depth electrodes for long-term intracranial recordings. The hybrid electrode, which contains both a depth and a strip (opercular) component, is inserted after microsurgical opening of the sylvian fissure. The depth component is implanted directly into the insular cortex. The opercular component has 1 or 2 double-sided recording contacts that face the hidden surfaces of the opercula. RESULTS: The hybrid operculo-insular electrode was used in 5 patients. This method of invasive investigation allowed including (2 patients) or excluding (3 patients) the insula as part of the epileptic focus and the surgical resection. It also allowed extending the epileptogenic zone to include the hidden surface of the frontal operculum in 1 patient. There were no complications related to the insertion of this new electrode. CONCLUSION: The new hybrid operculo-insular electrode can be used for intracranial investigation of perisylvian/insular refractory epilepsy. It can contribute to increasing cortical coverage of this complex region and may allow better definition of the epileptic focus.
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MARKOVIĆ, VANJA, VUKICA VUJIĆ, MARIJA ILIĆ, JELENA TOMOVIĆ, VERA NIKOLIĆ, and TAMARA KARAN-ŽNIDARŠIČ. "Operculum shape variation in Theodoxus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Neritidae)." Zootaxa 4560, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4560.3.8.

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The operculum morphology of neritid snails of genus Theodoxus Montfort, 1810 yields important species-specific taxonomic characters. This study is the first attempt to describe morphological differences in snails based on operculum shapes using a geometric morphometric approach. We examined the variability of opercular shapes between sexes and among populations and species based on 91 opercula of adult specimens belonging to six populations of three species of Theodoxus from the central Balkan and the southern border of the Pannonian plain. There are no sex-related differences in operculum shape and size in the studied species. The presence of shape variations influenced by size (allometry) was confirmed for T. danubialis (C. Pfeiffer, 1828) indicating that allometry could be a component of the morphological variation of this species. At the intraspecific level, phenotypic plasticity of operculum shape was found in T. danubialis and T. fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). Of particular interest is the lack of morphological variability in the rare and endangered T. transversalis (C. Pfeiffer, 1828). At the species level a clear morphological distinction of T. fluviatilis from T. danubialis and T. transversalis was detected, confirming that the operculum with a rib could be used as a species-specific morphological character. The main morphological differences between species are an outwardly-stretched opercular/apophysal rib and a shortened tip of the opercular plate in T. fluviatilis, compared to the same structures in T. danubialis and T. transversalis.
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Majima, Ryuichi. "Life positions of fossil naticid opercula (Mollusca: Gastropoda)." Journal of Paleontology 61, no. 1 (January 1987): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000028201.

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Two life positions of fossil naticid opercula are recognized in Pliocene deposits of Hokkaido, northern Japan. In one position, the operculum seals the aperture. In the other position, the operculum is pressed against the shell base adjacent to the aperture. The death position of the head-foot mass can be reconstructed from the two opercular positions, which coincide, respectively, to naticids that died with the head-foot mass retracted into the shell, and those that died with it entirely extended from the shell.
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Tetlie, O. Erik, and Simon J. Braddy. "The first Silurian chasmataspid, Loganamaraspis dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) from Lesmahagow, Scotland, and its implications for eurypterid phylogeny." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 94, no. 3 (September 2003): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300000638.

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ABSTRACTA new chasmataspid (Chelicerata: Chasmataspidida) is described from the Early Silurian (Late Llandovery–Early Wenlock) of Lesmahagow, Scotland, as Loganamaraspis dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. It is distinguished from related forms by the low tapering ratio of the postabdomen, pediform sixth prosomal appendage and a heart-shaped metastoma. Additionally, a genital operculum with a genital appendage is preserved. The recognisable morphology of L. dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. bridges some of the gap between the Ordovician Chasmataspididae and the Devonian Diploaspididae. Traces of the gut are reported for the first time from a chasmataspid. Chasmataspids are regarded as sister group to the eurypterids: an anterior opercular plate anterior to the genital appendage in L. dunlopi gen. et sp. nov. is regarded as homologous to the anterior opercular plate of the three-segmented genital operculae of Dolichopterus and Stylonurina. This is considered a plesiomorphic character within Eurypterida, whilst the two-segmented genital operculum (with deltoid plates) of Eurypterina is considered apomorphic.
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Checa, Antonio G., and Antonio P. Jiménez-Jiménez. "Constructional morphology, origin, and evolution of the gastropod operculum." Paleobiology 24, no. 1 (1998): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300020005.

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Gastropod opercula are classified here on a new morphogenetic basis, which distinguishes three main types: (1) flexiclaudent spiral (mostly multispiral) operculum, the shape of which does not coincide with that of the aperture, (2) rigiclaudent spiral (usually paucispiral) operculum, the shape of which fits that of the aperture, and (3) rigiclaudent concentric operculum, also aperture-fitting. The first type fits by flexing into the aperture and is secreted when the soft parts are partly or wholly extended (i.e., when the operculum is not in a closed position). The other two types do not flex upon retraction (except at the very margin) and grow when the operculum closes over the aperture, with or without rotation. A study of opercular types at the family level confirms the systematic and evolutionary significance of opercula. Types 1 and 2 are the only ones present in archaeogastropods, Type 1 being predominant. Opercula (if present) in Neritopsina are always rigiclaudent. Within Caenogastropoda, Type 2 predominates; the only flexiclaudent spiral opercula are found in certain basal cerithioidean families. Concentric opercula are predominant in higher neotaenioglossans and exclusive in neogastropods. Except for one family, opercula in Heterostropha are always rigiclaudent spiral. Morphological, systematic, and histological criteria point to the flexiclaudent spiral operculum as the ancestral form. This leads us to propose the “periostracum shaving” model in prosobranchs to account for the origin of this kind of operculum. According to this model, in the earliest trochospiral gastropods the periostracum ceased to serve a shell-formation function at the band of overlap between whorls (the parietal band). The periostracal band was then extruded from the shell to constitute an incipient operculum, taking on the appearance of a spiral strip coiling opposite to the shell. The parietal segment of the periostracal groove migrated toward the epipodium and became independent from the rest of the mantle. The concomitant development of an opercular disc allowed the successive turns of periostracal strip to seal together. In this way, a spiral operculum emerged, coiling counterclockwise without matching the aperture shape. During the course of prosobranch evolution, rigiclaudent spiral opercula emerged several times from the ancestral flexiclaudent type, although they were always restricted to apertures with a spiral-shaped outer (labral) edge. Such opercula enlarged the range of shell morphologies for which the operculum constituted an efficient protective barrier to include those of neritoidean or naticoidean type. The onset of calcification in opercula took place with the rigiclaudent type. Concentric opercula also evolved independently from rigiclaudent spiral opercula in several gastropod groups, thus further broadening the spectrum of apertures and, hence, of shell morphologies using opercula for protection. From the standpoint of adaptation, the concentric type was probably the only one available to neogastropods having long and wide siphonal canals.
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Bakar, M., H. S. Kirshner, and F. Niaz. "The Opercular-Subopercular Syndrome: Four Cases with Review of the Literature." Behavioural Neurology 11, no. 2 (1998): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/423645.

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We present four cases of the ‘opercular syndrome’ of volitional paresis of the facial, lingual, and laryngeal muscles (bilateral facio-glosso-pharyngo-masticatory paresis). Case histories and CT brain images are presented, along with a review of the literature concerning this long-recognized but little-known syndrome. The neuroanatomic basis of the syndrome classically involves bilateral lesions of the frontal operculum. We propose, on the basis of our cases and others, that the identical syndrome can arise from lesions of the corticobulbar tracts, not involving the cortical operculum. Our cases included one with bilateral subcortical lesions, one with a unilateral left opercular lesion and a possible, non-visualized right hemisphere lesion, one with unilateral cortical and unilateral subcortical pathology, and one with bilateral cortical lesions. These lesion localizations suggest that any combination of cortical or subcortical lesions of the operculum or its connections on both sides of the brain can produce a syndrome indistinguishable from the classical opercular syndrome. We propose the new term ‘opercular-subopercular syndrome’ to encompass cases with predominantly or partially subcortical lesions.
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Milanlioglu, Aysel, Mehmet Nuri Aydın, Alper Gökgül, Mehmet Hamamcı, Mehmet Atilla Erkuzu, and Temel Tombul. "Ischemic Bilateral Opercular Syndrome." Case Reports in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/513572.

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Opercular syndrome, also known as Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome, is a paralysis of the facial, pharyngeal, masticatory, tongue, laryngeal, and brachial muscles. It is a rare cortical form of pseudobulbar palsies caused by vascular insults to bilateral operculum. Its clinical presentations include anarthria, weakness of voluntary muscles involving face, tongue, pharynx, larynx, and masticatory muscles. However, autonomic reflexes and emotional activities of these structures are preserved. In the present case, an 81-year-old male presented with acute onset of anarthria with difficulties in chewing, speaking, and swallowing that was diagnosed with opercular syndrome.
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S, Sajan. "Record Of Semi-Operculum Deformity In Sahyadria Denisonii (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)." Aquaculture & Fisheries 4, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/aaf-5523/100029.

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Semi-operculum deformity was recorded in a wild specimen of Sahyadria denisonii from Western Ghats, India. Morphological study of a normal and deformed fish revealed semi-operculum malformation. The possible etiologies of opercular deformity are discussed.
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Murrills, R. J., T. A. J. Reader, and V. R. Southgate. "Studies on the invasion of Notocotylus attenuates (Notocotylidae: Digenea) into its snail host, Lymnaea peregra. In vitro observations on the hatching mechanism of the egg." Parasitology 91, no. 3 (December 1985): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000062788.

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SUMMARYMedia are described which stimulate the eggs of Notocotylus attenuatus to hatch in vitro. Hatching involves opening of the operculum and emergence of the opercular cord to form a tube measuring approximately 75 μm in length along which the sporocyst passes. The sporocyst is then released from the end of the tube. It is suggested that in vivo the opercular cord serves to inject the sporocyst through the snail host's gut wall into the haemocoel.
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Scheide, J. I., and J. A. Zadunaisky. "Effect of atriopeptin II on isolated opercular epithelium of Fundulus heteroclitus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 254, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): R27—R32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1988.254.1.r27.

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The effect of atriopeptin II (ANF) on the in vitro opercular epithelium was investigated by use of short-circuit current techniques. Serosal addition of ANF stimulates chloride secretion (short-circuit current) 19% above control values with a 7% increase in tissue conductance. Mucosal addition of ANF to the opercular epithelium was without effect. The ANF stimulation of the current was dose dependent with a maximum at 10(-7) M. The addition of ANF had no effect on the current or the conductance of opercular epithelia bathed in Cl--free Ringer. The opercular current could be stimulated above the ANF response by isoproterenol (10(-6) M). Pretreatment of the opercular epithelium with propranolol (10(-5) M) did not inhibit the stimulation of the short-circuit current by ANF but did inhibit the isoproterenol response indicating that the ANF stimulatory activity was independent of the beta-adrenergic receptors. The ANF-stimulated short-circuit current was found in operculi pretreated with tetrodotoxin (10(-6) or 10(-5) M) or diltiazem (10(-4) M) indicating the ANF response was not due to nerve stimulation. Pretreatment of opercular tissue with dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, or 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (10(-4) M) had no effect on the ANF stimulatory response. Opercular epithelia from short-term freshwater-adapted killifish also showed the ANF-induced response. The stimulation of chloride secretion in Fundulus heteroclitus chloride cells by ANF may have a role in teleost ion regulation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Opercular"

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Sipe, Ann M. "Evaluation of Opercular Bones for Aging Eight Species of Chesapeake Bay Fishes." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617781.

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Baker, Edward A. "A comparative age analysis of yellow perch from Indiana waters of Lake Michigan using scales and opercular bones." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722442.

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Yellow perch, Perc4 flavescens (Mitchill), were sampled by bottom trawling and gillnetting in Indiana waters of Lake Michigan near Michigan City, Indiana during the months of June, July and August, 1988.Length-frequency analysis of trawl-caught fish revealed that fish older than age 1 were represented by a single large aggregate in monthly length frequency distributions. Opercular ages were validated by establishing that opercular bone annulus formation occurred from late spring to early summer and was completed by late July.Percent agreement of age determinations by age class between the methods ranged from 0X to 100X for males and OZ to 89X for 'Females for combined months. There was a tendency for percent agreement to decrease with increasing age in both males and females. The majority of the age discrepancies were a difference of plus or minus one year for both males and females.The body-scale length relationship was determined to be linear with data points close to the regression line for both sexes by month and for months combined. Coefficients of determination values ranged from 0.92 to 0.96 for male body-scale length regression by month with a value of 0.93 for months combined . Coefficients of determination values for females ranged from 0.92 to 0.94 by month with a value of 0.93 for months combined. Combining all data for months and sexes yielded a coefficient of determination value of 0.93 for body-scale length regression.The a-values determined for the body-scale length relationship were variable from June through August for both sexes. Male avalues ranged from 30.58 to * 44.15 monthly with a months combined value of 37.63. Female a-values ranged from 25.55 to 43.30 monthly with a combined months value of 34.83. Combining all data for months and sexes yielded an a-value of 35.78.The body-opercular length relationship was determined to be linear with data points close to the regression line. Coefficients of determination values for males ranged from 0.94 to 0.98 by month with a value of 0.96 for months combined. Coefficients of determination for females ranged from 0.97 to 0.98 by month with a value of 0.97 for months combined. The combined data for sexes and months resulted in a coefficient of determination value of 0.97.The a-values determined for the body-opercular length relationship demonstrated variability from month to month. Male a-values ranged from 9.19 to 14.47 monthly with a combined months value of 11.69. Female a-values ranged from 8.83 to 12.26 monthly with a combined value of 11.57. Combining the data for months and sexes yielded an a-value of 11.59.Growth determinations based on scale and opercular data for all aged fish demonstrated a high degree of agreement between the methods for both sexes and all age classes. No significant differences were found between 95X confidence intervals for mean length at formation of last annulus for any age class. The largest observed difference in length at formation of last annulus was 23 mm in the age 3+ females in June. Growth determined from opercular bones was found to be slightly greater than growth determined from scales in both sexes. Females grew faster than males after age 2 based both on scale and on opercular data. Monthly length increment determined from scale and opercular data was determined to be small or non-existent after age 2 for both sexes.Growth determined from scales and opercular bones for only those fish with agreed age between the methods demonstrated a high degree of agreement between methods by month for both sexes. No significant differences were found between 95X confidence intervals of mean length at last annulus in any age class. Data for months combined and sexes separate revealed that growth determinations were virtually identical between the methods. Females were shown to grow faster than males after age 2 for both methods. Monthly length increment was again found to be small or non-existent after age 2.Based on these results, it is concluded that the opercular bone method is an acceptable procedure for assessing age and growth of the yellow perch in Indiana waters of Lake Michigan. Since false annuli were more readily recognized in the opercular bone than in the scales and, since there was the decreasing agreement between the methods with increasing age of fish it is concluded the opercular method is probably a more accurate method for age and growth analysis in the yellow perch from Indiana waters of Lake Michigan.
Department of Biology
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RICHARD, CREMIEUX ISABELLE. "Diplegies operculaires : a propos de cinq observations." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT102M.

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Feitosa, Cleia Rocha de Sousa. "ContribuiÃÃo ao Conhecimento QuÃmico - FarmacolÃgico de Plantas do Nordeste do Brasil: Luffa operculata Cogn." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8536.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
Luffa operculata (Cucurbitaceae) is a plant widely distributed in Northeastern Brazil, where is known as âcabacinhaâ. An aqueous solution from the fruit of âcabacinhaâ has been popularly used for the treatment of sinusitis as a bitter stomachic and purgative remedy. The broad spectrum of pharmacological effects reported in the literature and the abundance of this plant in rural Northeastern Brazil justified this study. The plant was subjected to phytochemical study with the objective of isolation and characterization of their secondary metabolites. The Cucurbitaceae are characteristically rich in cucurbitacins, which are oxidative modified triterpenes that together with their glycosides counterparts are considered the agents responsible for the potent toxicity observed in extracts of the fruit of Luffa operculata. Through various chromatographic steps the elements were purified and isolated. The ethanol extract of the fruit of Luffa operculata yielded the isolation of six triterpenoids (cucurbitacin D, isocucurbitacin D, 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin I, cucurbitacin B and arvenin I). The ethanol extract of the stems yielded two quinones (emodine and chrisophanol), as well as a mixture of aliphatic esters (hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester and octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester) and one rare triterpene friedolenane type (bryonolic acid). Furthermore, a mixture of steroids [(22E, 24S)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22-dien-3β-ol and (22E,24R)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22,25-trien-3β-ol]; ceramides (1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[2Â-hydroxydocosanoylamino]-19-tetracasadecene and 1,3,4-tryhydroxy-2-[2Â-hydroxyhenicosanoylamino]-19-tetracasadecene) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the fruit bark. Meanwhile, a mixture of steroids was isolated from the hexane extract of the leaves [(22E, 24S)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22-dien-3β-ol and (22E,24R)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22,25-trien-3β-ol), while the hexane extract of the stems yielded one steroid (spinasterol) and a mixture of ceramides [(N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)eicosamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)nonadecanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)octadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)heptadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)hexadecanamide]. In order to provide training activities in the laboratory and to collect structural proof of the extracts, several derivatives were prepared by classical reactions such as oxidation, esterification, hydrolysis and methanolysis. In addition, crude extracts and a few of the isolated natural products were assessed for biological activities. Some of the compounds found were described for the first time from Luffa opeculata, while the ceramides isolated from the extract are new to the literature. The 1H and 13C NMR, IV and MS spectra and a comparison with previous spectral data allowed the research team to fully understand the chemical structure of all compounds.
Luffa operculata(Cucurbitaceae) is a plant widely distributed in Northeastern Brazil, where is known as âcabacinhaâ. An aqueous solution from the fruit of âcabacinhaâ has been popularly used for the treatment of sinusitis as a bitter stomachic and purgative remedy. The broad spectrum of pharmacological effects reported in the literature and the abundance of this plant in rural Northeastern Brazil justified this study. The plant was subjected to phytochemical study with the objective of isolation and characterization of their secondary metabolites. The Cucurbitaceae are characteristically rich in cucurbitacins, which are oxidative modified triterpenes that together with their glycosides counterparts are considered the agents responsible for the potent toxicity observed in extracts of the fruit of Luffa operculata. Through various chromatographic steps the elements were purified and isolated. The ethanol extract of the fruit of Luffa operculata yielded the isolation of six triterpenoids (cucurbitacin D, isocucurbitacin D, 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin I, cucurbitacin B and arvenin I). The ethanol extract of the stems yielded two quinones (emodine and chrisophanol), as well as a mixture of aliphatic esters (hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester and octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester) and one rare triterpene friedolenane type (bryonolic acid). Furthermore, a mixture of steroids [(22 E , 24S) - ethyl - 5 α - cholest - 7,22 - dien - 3 β - ol and (22 E ,24R) - ethyl - 5 α - cholest - 7,22,25 - trien - 3 β - ol]; ceramides (1,3,4-trihydroxy-2- [2 ́ - hydroxydocosanoylamino] - 19 - tetracasadecene and 1,3,4-tryhydroxy - 2 - [2 ́ - hydroxyhenicosanoylamino] - 19 - tetracasadecene) were isolated from the etha nol extract of the fruit bark. Meanwhile, a mixture of steroids was isolated from the hexane extract of the leaves [(22 E , 24S) - ethyl - 5 α - cholest - 7,22 - dien - 3 β - ol and (22 E ,24R) - ethyl - 5 α - cholest - 7,22,25 - trien - 3 β - ol), while the hexane extract of the stems yield ed one steroid (spinasterol) and a mixture of ceramides [(N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)eicosamide, N - (2 - isopropoxy - ethyl)nonadecanamide, N - (2 - isopropoxy - ethyl)octadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy - ethyl)heptadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)hexadecanamide]. In order to provide training activities in the laboratory and to collect structural proof of the extracts, several derivatives were prepared by classical reactions such as oxidation, esterification, hydrolysis and methanolysis. In addition, crude extracts and a few of the isolated natural products were assessed for biological activities. Some of the compounds found were described for the first time from Luffa opeculata, while the ceramides isolated from the extract are new to the literature. The1H and 13C NMR, IV an d MS spectra and a comparison with previous spectral data allowed the research team to fully understand the chemical structure of all compounds.
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Lewis, Rupert Ian. "Population genetics of the queen scallop, Chlamys opercularis (L.)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317135.

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Feitosa, Cleia Rocha de Sousa. "Contribuição ao Conhecimento Químico - Farmacológico de Plantas do Nordeste do Brasil: Luffa operculata Cogn." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/11502.

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FEITOSA, C. R. S. Contribuição ao Conhecimento Químico - Farmacológico de Plantas do Nordeste do Brasil: Luffa operculata Cogn. 2011. 287 f. Tese (Doutorado em Química) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2011.
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Luffa operculata (Cucurbitaceae) is a plant widely distributed in Northeastern Brazil, where is known as “cabacinha”. An aqueous solution from the fruit of “cabacinha” has been popularly used for the treatment of sinusitis as a bitter stomachic and purgative remedy. The broad spectrum of pharmacological effects reported in the literature and the abundance of this plant in rural Northeastern Brazil justified this study. The plant was subjected to phytochemical study with the objective of isolation and characterization of their secondary metabolites. The Cucurbitaceae are characteristically rich in cucurbitacins, which are oxidative modified triterpenes that together with their glycosides counterparts are considered the agents responsible for the potent toxicity observed in extracts of the fruit of Luffa operculata. Through various chromatographic steps the elements were purified and isolated. The ethanol extract of the fruit of Luffa operculata yielded the isolation of six triterpenoids (cucurbitacin D, isocucurbitacin D, 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin I, cucurbitacin B and arvenin I). The ethanol extract of the stems yielded two quinones (emodine and chrisophanol), as well as a mixture of aliphatic esters (hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester and octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester) and one rare triterpene friedolenane type (bryonolic acid). Furthermore, a mixture of steroids [(22E, 24S)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22-dien-3β-ol and (22E,24R)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22,25-trien-3β-ol]; ceramides (1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[2´-hydroxydocosanoylamino]-19-tetracasadecene and 1,3,4-tryhydroxy-2-[2´-hydroxyhenicosanoylamino]-19-tetracasadecene) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the fruit bark. Meanwhile, a mixture of steroids was isolated from the hexane extract of the leaves [(22E, 24S)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22-dien-3β-ol and (22E,24R)-ethyl-5α-cholest-7,22,25-trien-3β-ol), while the hexane extract of the stems yielded one steroid (spinasterol) and a mixture of ceramides [(N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)eicosamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)nonadecanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)octadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)heptadacanamide, N-(2-isopropoxy-ethyl)hexadecanamide]. In order to provide training activities in the laboratory and to collect structural proof of the extracts, several derivatives were prepared by classical reactions such as oxidation, esterification, hydrolysis and methanolysis. In addition, crude extracts and a few of the isolated natural products were assessed for biological activities. Some of the compounds found were described for the first time from Luffa opeculata, while the ceramides isolated from the extract are new to the literature. The 1H and 13C NMR, IV and MS spectra and a comparison with previous spectral data allowed the research team to fully understand the chemical structure of all compounds.
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Mercier, Martin [Verfasser]. "Traktographische Untersuchungen am frontalen Operculum des menschlichen Gehirns / Martin Mercier." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1043698620/34.

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Marchesini, Roberto de Oliveira. "Estudo filogenético de representantes da subclasse Peritrichia Stein, 1859 (Alveolata: Ciliophora) com base em sequências de 18s-rDNA e caracterização multidisciplinar de Rhabdostyla inclinans Kent, 1881 (Peritrichia, Epistylididae)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4236.

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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
O presente trabalho amplia o conhecimento acerca da filogenia de microeucariotos ciliados (Alveolata, Ciliophora) da subclasse Peritrichia Stein, 1859 baseada em análises de sequências de 18S-rDNA e compara sistemática tradicional do grupo com a filogenia baseada em dados moleculares. A proposta apresenta ainda a caracterização multidisciplinar de uma espécie de ciliado peritríqueo epistilídeo com dados morfológicos, ecológicos e moleculares. A dissertação está dividida em dois capítulos (seções). No capítulo 1 foi realizado um estudo filogenético de representantes da subclasse Peritrichia, com inclusão de 12 novas sequências de 18S-rDNA (11 espécies e quatro gêneros - Epistylis, Opercularia, Orborhabdostyla, Rhabdostyla) obtidas de organismos coletados em ecossistemas na região Sudeste do Brasil, mais precisamente no estado de Minas Gerais. Neste capítulo foi discutida a validade de algumas famílias da subclasse Peritrichia e investigado se as principais características morfológicas usadas para definir a sistemática do grupo refletem genuína divergência evolutiva. As principais contribuições deste estudo foram: a subclasse Peritrichia está dividida em dois grandes clados; a família Operculariidae parece ser um grupo natural; a família Epistylididae é um grado e não um clado natural e, portanto, necessita de importante revisão sistemática, havendo representantes desta família se agrupando em distintos ramos da subclasse Peritrichia, os epistilídeos Rhabdostyla e Orborhabdostyla não se agruparam em mesmo clado tal como estabelecido na sistemática atual, baseado em similaridades morfológicas, 5a família Zoothamniidae é parafilética, e 6os “vorticelídeos” não constituem um agrupamento natural, necessitando de importante revisão das principais características morfológicas usadas atualmente como sinapomorfias morfológicas. No capítulo 2 (seção 2) foi realizada caracterização multidisciplinar de uma população de Rhabdostyla inclinans epibionte de anelídeos Aeolosomatidae coletada em tanques de bromélia. Neste estudo foi discutida pela primeira vez a posição filogenética de um representante do gênero Rhabdostyla dentro da subclasse Peritrichia e apresentado dados detalhados da morfologia desta população, bem como informações ecológicas sobre a relação epibiótica. As duas sequências de 18S-rDNA de R. inclinans obtidas se agruparam entre representantes da família Vorticellidae, o que refuta a classificação tradicional deste gênero como um epistilídeo (Epistylididae) baseada em caracteres morfológicos. Os resultados moleculares ressaltam necessidade de se ampliar número de sequências de espécies do gênero Rhabdostyla nos bancos de dados genéticos para melhor entendimento da filogenia de peritríqueos epistilídeos¸
This work extends the knowledge of the phylogeny of ciliated micro-eukaryote (Alveolata, Ciliophora) of Peritrichia Stein, 1859 subclass based on analysis of 18S-rDNA sequences and compares traditional systematics of the group to the phylogeny based on molecular data. The proposal also presents a multidisciplinary characterization of Rhabdostyla inclinans (Peritrichia, Epistylididae) with morphological, ecological and molecular data. The dissertation is divided into two chapters (sections). In Chapter one (section 1) a phylogenetic study of representatives of Peritrichia subclass was performed with inclusion of 12 new sequences of 18S-rDNA (11 species and four genera - Epistylis, Opercularia, Orborhabdostyla, Rhabdostyla) obtained from organisms collected in ecosystems in the Southeast region Brazil, more precisely in the state of Minas Gerais. In this chapter was discussed the validity of some families of peritrichs and investigated whether the main morphological characteristics used to define the systematics of the group reflect genuine evolutionary divergence. The main contributions of this study were: 1Peritrichia subclass is divided in two major clades; 2Operculariidae family seems to be a natural group; 3There are representatives of the Epistylididae family grouping in different branches of the subclass Peritrichia. This fact suggests that Epistylididae family is a grade and not a natural clade and therefore requires systematic review. ; 4The Rhabdostyla and Orborhabdostyla epistilids did not grouped in the same clade as set out in the current system based on morphological similarities; 5Zoothamniidae family is paraphyletic; 6vorticelids did not formed a natural group requiring major review of the main morphological features currently used as morphological synapomorphies. In chapter two (section 2) was performed a multidisciplinary characterization of epibionts population of Rhabdostyla inclinans on Aeolosomatidae collected in bromeliad tanks in Brazil. This study discusses for the first time phylogenetic placement of the Rhabdostyla genus within peritrich subclass and presents detailed morphology data for this population. Data about information of Epibiotic relationship are presented too. The two 18S-rDNA sequences of Rhabdostyla inclinans obtained clustered with representatives of Vorticellidae family, which refutes the traditional classification of this genus as a epistilid (Epistylididae) based on morphological characters. The molecular results highlight the need to expand the number of sequences of Rhabdostyla genus in genetic databases to better understand the phylogeny of epistilids peritrichs and instigate review and search for new morphological characters to be used as synapomorphy of clades that constitute Peritrichia subclass.
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CARIBÉ, Rebeka Alves. "Abordagem da abordagem da atividade biológica do extrato deLuffa operculata Cogn, (Cucurbitaceae)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3202.

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O uso de plantas no tratamento e na cura de enfermidades é tão antigo quanto à espécie humana. Luffa operculata Cogn. é nativa da América do Sul especialmente do Brasil, podendo ser encontrada amplamente distribuída em Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais , Rio de Janeiro e Ceará. Trata-se de uma planta angiosperma e dicotiledônea da família Cucurbitaceae, popularmente conhecida como buchinina, cabaçinha, purga-de-jalapa e purga-dos-paulistas. Sendo empregada na medicina popular tradicional principalmente para o tratamento de sinusite, rinite e com descongestionante nasal. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade aguda, atividade farmacológica (anti-tumoral em roedores) e microbiologia do extrato bruto de Luffa operculata Cogn. Foram realizados ensaios de toxicidade aguda por via intraperitoneal com observações comportamentais para cada dose administrada. Inicialmente foram observados efeitos estimulantes seguido de efeitos depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central. A DL50 determinada por via intraperitoneal foi de 3,3 mg/kg considerada muito tóxica. Na avaliação anti-tumoral de Luffa operculata Cogn. frente ao Sarcoma 180, células tumorais foram implantadas em camundongos Swiss (Mus musculus) fêmeas sadias. Os animais divididos em grupos de seis, foram tratados com solução fisiológica 0,9%, metotrexato (10 mg/kg) e do extrato bruto de Luffa operculata Cogn. nas doses de 0,3; 0,6 e 1,0 mg/kg. Os animais tratados coma maior dose do extrato obtiveram índice de inibição significativa de 61,7% quando comparado com o grupo controle. Para os animais tratados com metotrexato (10 mg/kg) a inibição foi de 95,4%. Na análise microbiológica foram realizadas avaliações das atividades antimicrobiana da Luffa operculata Cogn. contra espécimes bacterianas e fúngicas da origem clínica e de coleção. Os ensaios foram realizados, através do método de difusão em meio sólido, incubados em uma temperatura de 35±2º C durante 24-48 horas para espécimes bacterianas, e 28±30 durante 4-14 dias para espécies fônicas. Os resultados demonstraram que o extrato de Lufa operculata Cogn. apresenta a atividade antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans e Candida tropicalis. Embora seja considerada muito tóxica a Luffa operculata apresentou inibição tumoral em neoplasias maligna em tumor de tecido conjuntivo com perspectivas para novas investigações em outros processos neoplásicos
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Skipnes, Bruna Iannone. "Prevalence of fin erosion, shortened operculum and lesions in farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26985.

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The aim of the study was to study the ocurrence of fin erosion, opercular deformities and body lesions in a smolt Production cycle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), in relation to environmental parameters and features.
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Books on the topic "Opercular"

1

Hickson, Jonathan Andrew. Stable isotope profiles in shelss of the bivalve Aequipecten Opercularis (L.) as environmental indicators. [Derby: University of Derby], 1997.

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Whiteaves, Joseph Frederick. Description of a new species of panenka from the corniferous limestone of Ontario ; Note on the occurence of paucispiral opercula of gasteropoda in the Guelph formation of Ontario. [S.l: s.n., 1987.

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Adam, Phyllis. The Operculum. Writers Club Press, 2000.

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Lusk-Newman, Demaris E. Pseudaleuria quinaultiana, a new genus and species of operculate ascomycete from the Olympic Peninsula. 1986.

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Crosson, Bruce A., Anastasia Ford, and Anastasia M. Raymer. Transcortical Motor Aphasia. Edited by Anastasia M. Raymer and Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199772391.013.11.

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The defining symptoms of transcortical motor aphasia (TCMA) are nonfluent verbal output with relatively preserved repetition. Other symptoms, such as naming difficulties, agrammatic output, or even some paraphasias, may occur, but these are not cardinal symptoms defining TCMA and are not necessary for the diagnosis. The core anatomy involved in TCMA is a lesion of the medial frontal cortex, especially the left presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and adjacent Brodmann’s area 32; a lesion of the left posterior inferior frontal cortex, especially pars opercularis and ventral lateral premotor cortex; or a lesion of the pathways between these frontal structures. TCMA occasionally has been reported with a lesion of the left basal ganglia, the left thalamus, or the ascending dopaminergic pathways. From a cognitive standpoint, TCMA can be conceptualized as a disorder of intention, in other words, as a disorder of initiation and continuation of spoken language that is internally motivated. The medial frontal cortex provides the impetus to speak; this impetus to speak is conveyed to lateral frontal structures through frontal–subcortical pathways where it activates various language production mechanisms. The influence of the ascending dopaminergic pathways may occur either through their heavy connections with the pre-SMA region or through their influence on the basal ganglia. The influence of the basal ganglia and thalamus probably occurs through their connections with the medial frontal cortex. Assessments for TCMA should involve a thorough evaluation of conversational or narrative language output and repetition. New treatments are available that attempt to engage right-hemisphere intention mechanisms with left-hand movements and may be effective in TCMA. Although dopamine agonists have also shown some positive effects in increasing verbal output in TCMA, trials have been small, and some caution must be exercised in interpreting these findings.
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Book chapters on the topic "Opercular"

1

Heppner, John B., John B. Heppner, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Minos E. Tzanakakis, Pauline O. Lawrence, John L. Capinera, et al. "Operculum (pl. opercula)." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2681. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1858.

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Kumabe, Toshihiro, Masayuki Kanamori, Ryuta Saito, Ken-ichi Nagamatsu, Yukihiko Sonoda, Shuichi Higano, Shoki Takahashi, and Teiji Tominaga. "Ischemic Complications Associated with Resection of Opercular Gliomas." In Neurovascular Imaging, 305–18. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-134-7_10.

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Macdonald, Tara A. "Phylogenetic relations among spirorbid subgenera and the evolution of opercular brooding." In Advances in Polychaete Research, 125–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0655-1_13.

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Kuchinsky, Stefanie E., Nick B. Pandža, and Henk J. Haarmann. "Linking Indices of Tonic Alertness: Resting-State Pupil Dilation and Cingulo-Opercular Neural Activity." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 218–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39955-3_21.

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Kumabe, Toshihiro, Ryuta Saito, Masayuki Kanamori, Yukihiko Sonoda, Shuichi Higano, Shoki Takahashi, and Teiji Tominaga. "Preoperative Visualization of the Lenticulostriate Arteries Associated with Insulo-Opercular Gliomas Using 3-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Neurovascular Imaging, 295–303. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-134-7_9.

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Alfredsen, Jo Arve, Bård Holand, Torfinn Solvang-Garten, and Ingebrigt Uglem. "Feeding activity and opercular pressure transients in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): application to feeding management in fish farming." In Developments in Fish Telemetry, 199–207. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6237-7_19.

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Riley, David S. "Luffa operculata." In Materia Medica of New and Old Homeopathic Medicines, 115–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25292-1_38.

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Riley, David S. "Luffa operculata." In Materia Medica of New and Old Homeopathic Medicines, 141–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54192-0_40.

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Cohen, José E., John Moshe Gomori, Carlos Candanedo, Samuel Moscovici, and Gustavo Rajz. "Middle Cerebral Artery (M3) Aneurysm: Growing Dissecting Opercular Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm, Coil Occlusion of the Precentral Artery with a Low-Profile Microcatheter Under Local Anesthesia, Provocative Test for Neurological Monitoring, Parent Artery and Aneurysm Occlusion, and Excellent Clinical Outcome." In The Aneurysm Casebook, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70267-4_173-1.

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Cicchino, Graciela. "Importance of the genital operculum in the taxonomy of South American Diaptomidae (Copepoda, Calanoida)." In Ecology and Morphology of Copepods, 143–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1347-4_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Opercular"

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Fechtelpeter, Janik, Hannes Ruge, and Holger Mohr. "The cingulo-opercular network controls stimulus-response transformations with increasing efficiency over the course of learning." In 2019 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. Brentwood, Tennessee, USA: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2019.1060-0.

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West, Kaydee J., Vitaliy A. Morozov, and Gregory S. Herbert. "GASTROPOD OPERCULA AS NEAR-TIME PALEOECOLOGICAL ARCHIVES: A STABLE ISOTOPE APPROACH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-282221.

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Susintowati, Suwarno Hadisusanto, Nyoman Puniawati, Erny Poedjirahajoe, and Niken Satuti Nur Handayani. "Study of the characteristic of neritidae: Shell and operculum." In INVENTING PROSPEROUS FUTURE THROUGH BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050159.

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dos Santos Alves Rocha, C., IB Suffredini, HV Frias, and MM Bernardi. "Luffa operculata administration in late pregnancy in Wistar rats impairs behavior and can lead to the development of anxiety." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400058.

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Suffredini, IB, HV Frias, Rocha CDS Alves, and MM Bernardi. "Prenatally exposition to Luffa operculata aqueous extract may have provided augment in the percentage of females in the litters." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400076.

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dos Santos Alves Rocha, C., HV Frias, MSC Aguiar, F. Cordeiro, MM Bernardi, and IB Suffredini. "Luffa operculata impaired testis relative weight and testosterone concentration in adult Wistar rats in comparison to young adult male rats." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400059.

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