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Journal articles on the topic 'Ophthalmic pharmaceuticals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Md., Sahab Uddin, Al Mamun Abdullah, Tanvir Kabir Md., et al. "Quality Control Tests for Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmacopoeial Standards and Specifications." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 2 (2017): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAMPS/2017/33924.

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The therapeutically performance of the pharmaceuticals must be constant and expectable. In order to claim a pharmaceutical to be a quality drug, it must fulfill certain standards and specifications. The quality of pharmaceuticals is strongly related to the patient’s well-being. Quality control (QC) is an historical process in which proof is obtained that the appropriate level of quality has been achieved. QC can have no effect on the quality of the pharmaceuticals. It is merely a measuring process. QC must ensure that all the finished products contain active ingredients that comply with the qu

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Clarkson, Douglas. "Nanotechnology in ophthalmology: An update." Optician 2017, no. 7 (2017): 6603–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/opti.2017.7.6603.

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Developments in nanotechnology present new opportunities in treatment of ocular disease and in the evolution of ophthalmic pharmaceuticals. Dr Douglas Clarkson offers an update on this new area of healthcare.

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Meagher, Andrew, and G. Richard Bennett. "Klinische Anwendung von Rhopressa: Eine Fallserie." Optometry & Contact Lenses 3, no. 1 (2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.xqja4215.

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Purpose. The aim of this paper is to discuss and highlight via case reports the effective use of Rhopressa in three individual cases of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) treated at a glaucoma clinic in Philadelphia, PA, USA. The cases display the clinical use of netarsudil and reviews therapeutic approach- es to combating the side effects of conjunctival hyperemia associated with netarsudil. Material and Methods. A systematized PubMed literature search based on the terms “Rhopressa”, “netarsudil”, “ROCK inhibition” was conducted. Six eyes of three adult patients were monitored for three month

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Uddin, Md, Abdullah Mamun, Md Kabir, et al. "Quality Control Tests for Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmacopoeial Standards and Specifications." Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 2 (2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jamps/2017/33924.

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Papava, Medea V., and Nana J. Gaprindashvili. "The Efficacy and Safety of Topical Cyclosporine A and its Generic Equivalency Depores Eye Drops in The Treatment of Dry Eye Disease." Caucasus Journal of Medical and Psychological Sciences 2, no. 1-2 (2024): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.61699/cjmps-v2-i1-2-p50-68.

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex condition that can result in significant vision complications. Analyzing systematic reviews of DED treatment contributes to selecting the most effective and safe drug. This review examines the efficacy of cyclosporine A and the generic Depores ophthalmic emulsion cyclosporine 0.05% (cyclosporine 0.05%, Deva Pharmaceuticals, Turkey) in the treatment of DED. A search for scientific information in PubMed, PubMed Central, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar databases, and the Internet was carried out using keywords: dry eye disease, Cyclosporine A, Ikervis, Rest

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Inam, Onur, Ersin Demir, and Bengi Uslu. "Voltammetric Pathways for the Analysis of Ophthalmic Drugs." Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 16, no. 4 (2020): 367–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412915666190225163637.

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Background: This review investigates the ophthalmic drugs that have been studied with voltammetry in the web of science database in the last 10 years. Introduction: Ophthalmic drugs are used in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of various ophthalmological diseases and conditions. A significant literature has emerged in recent years that investigates determination of these active compounds via electroanalytical methods, particularly voltammetry. Low cost, rapid determination, high availability, efficient sensitivity and simple application make voltammetry one of the most used methods for

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VYAS, URVASHI, NARENDRA GEHALOT, VIKAS JAIN, and S. C. MAHAJAN. "A REVIEW ON IN SITU GELLING SYSTEM FOR OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY." Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2022): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24092/crps.2021.110402.

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Ophthalmic drug delivery systems are both fascinating and problematic due to the normal physiological properties of the eyes, which restrict ocular product bioavailability. The development of novel ocular dosage forms for current drugs in order to enhance efficacy and bioavailability, as well as patient compliance and convenience, has become a major focus in the pharmaceutical business. Ocular In-situ gelling systems are a novel type of eye drug delivery systems that begin as a solution but rapidly convert into a thick gel when implanted or inserted into an ocular cavity where active pharmaceu

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Abdelkader, H., B. Pierscionek, M. Carew, Z. Wu, and R. G. Alany. "Critical appraisal of alternative irritation models: three decades of testing ophthalmic pharmaceuticals." British Medical Bulletin 113, no. 1 (2015): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldv002.

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Cable, Melissa Morrison. "Review of Bromfenac Ophthalmic Solution 0.09 % Once-daily." US Ophthalmic Review 05, no. 01 (2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2012.05.01.37.

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Bromfenac ophthalmic solution 0.09 % (BROMDAY™, ISTA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Irvine, CA) is the first and only once-daily topical ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of post-operative pain and inflammation following cataract surgery. Topical NSAIDs are important following surgery to enhance patient comfort and limit inflammation, which may otherwise restrict visual rehabilitation. In a recently published study looking at Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) acuities and macular optical computed tomo

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Ergen, Harun, Muge Guleli, Cigdem Sener, Cem Caliskan, Sercan Semiz, and Mahmut Ozbek. "Development and Validation of a Novel Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Refractive Index Detector Method for Assay of Polyvinyl Alcohol in an Ophthalmic Solution." Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 16, no. 7 (2020): 867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412915666190304152901.

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Introduction: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a polymer, is in demand due to its usage in different applications such as pharmaceutical, biomedical and textile, paper, food industries. Methods: A new sensitive reversed phased high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with refractive index detector (RID) was developed for determination of PVA in an ophthalmic solution containing dexpanthenol and PVA as active substances and it was validated according to The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guideline. Results: Chromatog

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Guseva, M. R., O. S. Komarov, and N. M. Galkina. "Antioxidant activity of some pharmaceuticals used in ophthalmology." Russian ophthalmology of children, no. 3 (November 7, 2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2307-6658-2022-3-36-41.

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Purpose. Identification of antioxidant activity (AOA) in known pharmaceutical drugs used for eye treatment and comparative evaluation of their antioxidant properties. Material and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out on a model system using a suspension of yolk lipoproteins. This model has several advantages: availability, ease of isolation, storage stability, and reproducibility. The clinical part of work consisted in inclusion of these drugs in the treatment course of patients with inflammatory eye diseases. Results. In this experiment, a high AOA of several drugs was f

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Davey, Pinakin Gunvant, Marjan Farid, Paul Karpecki, et al. "Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution, 0.25%, for the Treatment of Demodex Blepharitis." Healthcare 12, no. 15 (2024): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12151487.

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Demodex blepharitis, a chronic lid margin disease, is caused by an infestation of Demodex mites, the most common ectoparasites in human skin and eyelids. Lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25% (Xdemvy, Tarsus Pharmaceuticals), is the first therapy approved to treat Demodex blepharitis. This narrative review characterizes lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, and describes its efficacy, safety, and tolerability. The safety and efficacy of lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, for treating Demodex blepharitis was evaluated in four phase 2 and two phase 3 trials. The data of 980 patients included i

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Foos, William F., Catherine Culp, Masumi Asahi, and Marena Patronas. "Siponimod-related bilateral cystoid macular oedema and intravenous fluorescein angiographic findings in a patient with stable proliferative diabetic retinopathy without history of diabetic macular oedema." BMJ Case Reports 15, no. 11 (2022): e251066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-251066.

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Siponimod is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator used as disease-modifying therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis similar to Fingolimod which has been known to cause dose dependent fingolimod associated macular oedema (FAME). We report a case of delayed onset bilateral cystoid macular oedema in a patient with stable proliferative diabetic retinopathy who developed cystoid macular oedema in the setting of siponimod (Mayzent; Novartis Pharmaceuticals; Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) use. As with FAME, cystoid macular oedema resolved in the patient’s eyes with drug cessation a

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Petrov, S. Yu, L. V. Yakubova, and O. I. Markelova. "Modern trends in the treatment of glaucoma." Russian Ophthalmological Journal 17, no. 1 (2024): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-136-143.

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In nearly all Russian regions, glaucoma ranks first among the causes of disability due to ophthalmic pathology, which is in line with global trends of glaucoma incidence growth and its leading position among the causes of irreversible blindness. Treatment of glaucoma is aimed at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). This review presents the main current trends in the treatment of glaucoma: drug therapy, laser surgery, fistulizing, drainage and non-penetrating surgery, as well as the latest micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).Currently, the pharmaceutical market offers many antihypertensive d

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Missel, Paul J. "Distribution of Benzalkonium Cation into Mixed Cationic/Nonionic Micelles: Verification of Ion-Selective Electrode Measurements by UV Spectrophotometry." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 9 (1996): 1203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963905141.

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Coated-wire electrodes were fabricated to be selective for the cation portion of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a preservative commonly used in ophthalmic pharmaceuticals. Measurements were conducted on formulations containing a nonionic alkyl ethoxylate surfactant phase into which benzalkonium could distribute, potentially reducing its effectiveness as a preservative. Distribution coefficients for benzalkonium into the micellar phase were measured independently with the use of UV spectroscopy and corroborated with electrode measurements. The positions of three peaks in the benzalkonium spectrum

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Khairy, Gasser M., Zaitona A. Abd El-Naby, Alaa M. A. Elgindy, Axel Duerkop, and Eman A. Abdel Hameed. "Sensitive Determination of Moxifloxacin HCl in Pharmaceuticals or Human Plasma Using Luminescence or Eye Vision." Chemosensors 10, no. 10 (2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10100378.

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A new probe based on the complex of 1,2 dihydro-2-oxoquinoloine-4-carboxylic acid (DOCA) as a ligand with Europium (III) ion was developed for the quantitation of Moxifloxacin HCl (Moxi.HCl) in pharmaceuticals and human plasma using a luminescence method. The metal to ligand ratio of the complex is 1:2 as determined by a Job plot. The determination of Moxi.HCl is based on static quenching of the luminescence of the probe upon coordination of Moxi.HCl. The negative value for ΔG proves that this reaction is spontaneous. The calibration curve was constructed based on a Stern–Volmer equation and t

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17

Vandana Sonaji Amle, Dharmaraj Arjun Rathod, Keshamma E., Vijender Kumar, Roshan Kumar, and Purabi Saha. "Bioactive Herbal Medicine Use for Eye Sight: A Meta Analysis." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 3 (2022): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.3.6.

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The use of chemical medications to treat eye conditions in a way that avoids causing harm is still a work in progress for modern medicine. Herbal remedies, however, may be able to solve the problems that conventional pharmaceuticals have. Given their efficacy, lack of adverse effects, and inexpensive cost, there have been extensive efforts to discover novel medicinal plants from various locations. Several plant species have been promoted in Traditional Indian Medicine for their ophthalmic effects, and it is estimated that around 200 plants worldwide have been documented to support therapy of e

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18

Galande, Prasad, Vishal Yadav, and Smita Borkar. "A Review on Microspheres: Preparation, Characterization and Applications." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 10, no. 6 (2022): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v10i6.1204.

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Small sphere-shaped particles are known as microspheres and their particle size range is 1micrometer to 1000 micrometer. They are free-moving, spherical particles that can be manufactured from proteins or artificial polymers. There are several methods for delivering a medicinal chemical to the target region with a regulated, prolonged release. which naturally decomposes.Microcapsules and micromatricesare two of the different types of microspheres. There are numerous varieties of microspheres that are described. Microspheres are one of the most popular varieties and provide a number of benefits

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Georgiev, Georgi As, Petar Eftimov, and Norihiko Yokoi. "Contribution of Mucins towards the Physical Properties of the Tear Film: A Modern Update." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 24 (2019): 6132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246132.

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Instability of the tear film (TF) protecting the ocular surface results in dry eye syndrome (DES), the most prevalent public health ophthalmic disease affecting the quality of life of 10 to 30% of the human population worldwide. Although the impact of the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) and of the aqueous tears (AT) to the TF stability is extensively studied, in contrast the contribution of the secretory mucins (SM) and of the membrane-associated mucins (MAM), i.e., one of the most abundant molecular classes in AT and in the corneal epithelium respectively, remains poorly defined. However, it is

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Yamagiwa, Yoshinori, Yoshihiro Takei, Haruko Koizumi, Shingo Nemoto, Masaaki Kurata, and Hiroshi Satoh. "Pathological Features of Corneal Phospholipidosis in Juvenile White Rabbits Induced by Ocular Instillation of Chloroquine or Amiodarone." Toxicologic Pathology 47, no. 1 (2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623318809000.

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Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) can induce phospholipidosis (PLD) in organs/tissues. Several ophthalmic pharmaceuticals containing CADs are marketed and used in children. To investigate the effect of PLD on the developing cornea, chloroquine and amiodarone, which are representative CADs, were applied topically to the eyes of juvenile rabbits, and the effects in juvenile rabbits were compared with those in young adult rabbits. Diffuse corneal cloudiness was observed in chloroquine- and amiodarone-treated eyes. Histopathologically, vacuolation was observed in the corneal epithelium and keratoc

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Roszkowska, Anna Maria, Leandro Inferrera, Rosaria Spinella, et al. "Clinical Efficacy, Tolerability and Safety of a New Multiple-Action Eyedrop in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Dry Eye." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 23 (2022): 6975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236975.

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Background: To assess the clinical efficacy, tolerability and safety of a new-generation ophthalmic solution containing cross-linked hyaluronic acid 0.15% trehalose 3%, liposomes 1% and sterylamine 0.25% (Trimix® Off Health Italia, Firenze, Italy) (CXHAL) versus trehalose 3% (Thealoz®, Thea Pharmaceuticals, Clermont-Ferrand, France) (TRS) in subjects with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED). Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational cohort study, 41 subjects with moderate to severe dry eye were enrolled and divided into two age- and sex-matched groups. Group 1 was treated w

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Kantaria, Temur, Tengiz Kantaria, Peter Heiduschka, Nicole Eter, David Tugushi, and Ramaz Katsarava. "Dexamethasone-Loaded Pseudo-Protein Nanoparticles for Ocular Drug Delivery: Evaluation of Drug Encapsulation Efficiency and Drug Release." Journal of Nanotechnology 2023 (May 8, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8827248.

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Ophthalmic drug delivery for treating various eye diseases still remains a challenge in ophthalmology. One perspective way of overcoming this problem is to use nanoscale biodegradable drug carriers that are able to safely deliver pharmaceuticals directly to the locus of disease and maintain a therapeutic concentration of drug for a long time. The goal of the present study was the preparation of drug- (dexamethasone-, DEX-) loaded pseudo-protein nanoparticles (NPs) and investigation of drug encapsulation efficiency and drug release kinetics. DEX-loaded pseudo-protein NPs (DEX-NPs) were successf

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Singh, Shubham, Anand Chaurasia, Dharmendra Singh Rajput, and Naveen Gupta. "Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System and There Future Prospective: Are a Promising Approach for Effective Treatment?" Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 39 (2023): e20230005. http://dx.doi.org/10.62958/j.cjap.2023.005.

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Mucoadhesive polymers are a new and exciting development in drug delivery systems that have the potential to significantly increase therapeutic efficacy. These polymers stick to mucosal surfaces, increasing the amount of time that medications stay at the site of absorption and improving their bioavailability. These mechanisms include longer contact times with the mucosal surface, better drug solubility, and defence against enzymatic degradation of pharmaceuticals. Mucoadhesive polymers also provide a number of benefits over traditional drug delivery methods, including less frequent dosage, bet

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Lapierre, Yves, Paul O’Connor, Virginia Devonshire, et al. "Canadian Experience with Fingolimod: Adherence to Treatment and Monitoring." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 43, no. 2 (2016): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2015.325.

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AbstractBackground: The Canadian GILENYA® Go ProgramTM provides education and support to people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis during fingolimod treatment. Methods: Data were collected and analyzed from the time of the first individual enrolled in March 2011 to March 31, 2014. Individuals were excluded if they withdrew from the program prior to receiving the first dose, or had not completed the first dose observation (FDO) at the time of data cut-off. Reports of adverse effects were validated with a database of adverse events reported to Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc. Result

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Peppas, N. A. "Opthalmika: Pharmakologie, biopharmazie und galenik der augenarzneimittel (ophthalmics: Pharmacology, biopharmaceutics and pharmaceutics of ophthalmic drugs)." Journal of Controlled Release 4, no. 3 (1986): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-3659(86)90020-9.

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26

Varner, Paul. "Ophthalmic pharmaceutical clinical trials: interpretation." Clinical Investigation 5, no. 5 (2015): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/cli.15.6.

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Liesegang, Thomas J., Andrew P. Schachat, and Daniel A. Albert. "Pharmaceutical companies and ophthalmic research." Ophthalmology 112, no. 3 (2005): 363–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.12.014.

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Klausner, Eytan. "In-class Exercises Regarding the Roles of Excipients in a Pharmaceutics Course." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 14, no. 4 (2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v14i4.4977.

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Objective: To assess student perceptions regarding: 1) exercises designed to enhance student comprehension of the roles of pharmaceutical excipients in dosage forms and 2) the use of resources to identify the roles of excipients. Description: In-class exercises regarding the roles of excipients were implemented in a foundational pharmaceutics course. The exercises covered the topics of liquid single-phase systems, liquid multiphase systems, drug delivery to the skin, and parenteral, ophthalmic, and nasal dosage forms. Students were introduced to resources to identify the roles of excipients. T

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Varner, Paul. "Ophthalmic pharmaceutical clinical trials: design considerations." Clinical Investigation 5, no. 5 (2015): 457–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/cli.15.5.

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Bhatia, Shiveena, Tarun Kumar, Sonali Batra, and Sumit Sharma. "Pharmaceutical Applications of Xanthan Gum in Ophthalmic." Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management 8, no. 1 (2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2020.81003.

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Introduction: Ophthalmic delivery system is one of the challenging domains of formulation and development due to tear dilutions, drug loss due to lacrimal drainage, limited volume and pre-corneal barriers. Several pharmaceutical technologies are exploited in order to counter the challenges posed by ocular route such as emulsions and suspensions. But all these technologies have stability issues which lead to their limited use.Background: Among polysaccharides, xanthan gum, a natural occurring biodegradable exopolysaccharide extracted from bacterium Xanthomonas campestris is widely accepted as o

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Kuroyedov, A. V., M. V. Kosakovskaya, and V. V. Gorodnichii. "State of the microbial spectrum (microbiome) of the ocular surface of patients with cataracts and glaucoma in the early postoperative period." EYE GLAZ 26, no. 1 (2024): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33791/2222-4408-2024-1-26-34.

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Background. The occurrence of infectious complications in the early postoperative period in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery remains a persistent challenge in contemporary clinical practice. Typically the treatment regimen involves the administration of a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids, often utilized in a fixed-dose combination for simplicity. Despite the prevalent use of these regimens, there’s a notable disregard for comprehensive microbiological diagnostics of the conjunctiva in surgical patients, attributed to various socio-economic factors. However, the significance

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Stewart, William C., Bonnie Kruft, Lindsay A. Nelson, and Jeanette A. Stewart. "Success of ophthalmic pharmaceutical start-up companies." Acta Ophthalmologica 96, no. 2 (2017): e266-e268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aos.13563.

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Kawashima, Yoichi, Mitsuaki Kuwano, and Atsutoshi Ota. "Pharmaceutical design of Kary Uni® ophthalmic suspension." Drug Delivery System 14, no. 6 (1999): 480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2745/dds.14.480.

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NAGATANI, KAORU, TERUO OOISI, TADAHARU HONKE, RYOTARO SHINAGAWA, and SUSUMU IWASAKI. "Pharmaceutical properties of commercial fluorometholone ophthalmic suspensions. 1." Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 11, no. 3 (1985): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs1975.11.256.

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NAGATANI, KAORU, TERUO OOISHI, TADAHARU HONKE, RYUTARO SHINAGAWA, and SUSUMU IWASAKI. "Pharmaceutical properties of commercial fluorometholone ophthalmic suspensions. 2." Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 11, no. 3 (1985): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs1975.11.262.

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KAWANO, KENJI, CHIHARU ARAI, KIMIKO ANZAI, and SHINICHIRO NAKAJIMA. "Pharmaceutical Study of the Mitomycin C Ophthalmic Solutions." Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 19, no. 3 (1993): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs1975.19.230.

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Peppas, N. A. "Ophthalmic drug delivery: Pharmaceutical, technological and clinical aspects." Journal of Controlled Release 8, no. 3 (1989): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-3659(89)90051-5.

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38

Nakar, Charles T., Roberto Caputo, Francis W. Price, et al. "Safety & Efficacy of Human Plasma Derived Plasminogen Ophthalmic Drops for Treatment of Ligneous Conjunctivitis: Report of Phase 2/3 Clinical Trial." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 2288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2288.2288.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Plasminogen deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with variable penetrance with multisystem manifestations that may result in significant morbidity. Most commonly, type-1 (quantitative defect) is associated with characteristic fibrin rich pseudomembranes in mucosal surfaces, the most common site being the eye, called Ligneous Conjunctivitis (LC). Two-thirds of patients have bilateral eye lesions and 1/3 have corneal involvement. Initially, patients present with non-specific conjunctivitis with epiphora, followed by white-red woody lesions replacing normal memb

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Narayanan, Varsha. "Pharmaceutical ophthalmic market perspectives in India and emerging trends." Clinical and Experimental Vision and Eye Research 1, no. 1 (2018): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15713/ins.clever.7.

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Sharpe, R. Allan, Jennifer P. Austin, Bonnie Kruft, Lindsay A. Nelson, Jeanette A. Stewart, and William C. Stewart. "Description of Ophthalmic Pharmaceutical and Device Start-Up Companies." Ophthalmic Research 54, no. 1 (2015): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000377636.

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Almeida, Hugo, Maria Helena Amaral, Paulo Lobão, and José Manuel Sousa Lobo. "Applications of poloxamers in ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulations: an overview." Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 10, no. 9 (2013): 1223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2013.796360.

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Maharjan, Pooja, Kwan Hyung Cho, Anjila Maharjan, Meong Cheol Shin, Cheol Moon, and Kyoung Ah Min. "Pharmaceutical challenges and perspectives in developing ophthalmic drug formulations." Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation 49, no. 2 (2018): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40005-018-0404-6.

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Sajeev, Gayathri, Vinaykumar R. Kadibagil, Anusha KR, Shabaridas A, and Anandhu KM. "PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY OF VIMALA VARTI: AN AYURVEDIC OPHTHALMIC PREPARATION." Journal of Biological & Scientific Opinion 12, no. 4 (2024): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2321-6328.12496.

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Varti Kalpana, a derivative of Vati Kalpana, represents Ayurvedic suppository preparations with specific therapeutic applications. Vimala Varti, an herbal ophthalmic suppository detailed in the Sahasra Yogam under Netraroga Chikitsa, addresses various eye ailments such as Timira, Kacha, Netra Kandu, and Patala Roga. This formulation comprises eight herbal ingredients and one Bhavana Dravya. The preparation of Vimala Varti involved the Bhavana method. A comprehensive pharmaceutical study was conducted to evaluate the organoleptic and phytochemical parameters of Vimala Varti, ensuring its suitab

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Hanbazazh, Mehenaz. "Impact of COVID-19 on Ophthalmic Pathology." Open Access Journal of Ophthalmology 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajo-16000274.

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The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant concern to the public and a major challenge to healthcare workers. Although vaccination programs are generally regarded as successful, recent reports have shown that vaccine effectiveness is decreasing gradually, particularly as booster uptakes are low. The next pandemic is unpredictable and inevitable. Therefore, understanding the impact of COVID-19 on different aspects of healthcare will aid in adaptation to life with pandemics and enable prioritization

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Hefnawy, Mohamed M., Maha A. Sultan, and Mona M. Al-Shehri. "Direct Enantiomeric Resolution of Betaxolol with Application to Analysis of Pharmaceutical Products." Analytical Chemistry Insights 1 (January 2006): 117739010600100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117739010600100003.

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A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the separation and determination of S- and R-enantiomers of betaxolol in tablets and ophthalmic preparations. Baseline resolution was achieved by using teicoplanin macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phase (CSP) known as Chirobiotic T with fluorescence detection at excitation/emission wavelengths 275/305 nm. The polar ionic mobile phase (PIM) consists of methanol-glacial acetic acid-triethylamine, (100:0.020:0.025, v/v/v) has been used at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. All analytes with S-(-)-atenolol as internal s

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Guadarrama-Escobar, Omar Rodrigo, Cassandra Araceli Valdés-Alvarez, Karla Stella Constantino-Gonzalez, et al. "Design and Characterization of Ocular Inserts Loaded with Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Inflammatory Ophthalmic Disease." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 2 (2024): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16020294.

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The short precorneal residence time of ophthalmic drops is associated with their low absorption; therefore, the development of ocular inserts capable of prolonging and controlling the ophthalmic release of drugs is an interesting option in the design and development of these drugs. A surface response design was developed, specifically the Central Composite Design (CCD), to produce ophthalmic films loaded with Dexamethasone (DEX) by the solvent evaporation method having experimental levels of different concentrations of previously selected polymers (PVP K-30 and Eudragit RS100.). Once optimizat

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Nidhi A. Bagmar, Pooja R. Hatwar, Prashant G. Shelke, and Dr. Ravindra L. Bakal. "A Review on "Ocuserts (An Ophthalmic Insert)”." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 12, no. 6 (2024): 131–39. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v12i6.1460.

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The eye is God's most wonderful creation of all the sense organs in the human body since it allows us to see numerous objects both near and far away. An ocular implant is a cutting-edge device for treating eye diseases. The design and development of an ocular insert has always been a difficulty for pharmaceutical researchers and manufacturers. Ocuserts, also known as ophthalmic inserts, are "sterile preparations in the form of solid or semisolid, whose size and shape are specially designed to be applied to the eyes". Solvent casting, the Glass Substrate technique, and hot melt extrusion were u

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Абуова, Ж. Б., К. Д. Рахимов, А. А. Тургумбаева, and А. Е. Джусупкалиева. "MARKETING ANALYSIS OF REGISTERED DRUGS USED IN OPHTHALMOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 1 (May 19, 2022): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2022.36.49.022.

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В обзоре представлен анализ фармацевтического рынка Республики Казахстан офтальмологических препаратов на 2022 год. Для осуществления наиболее полного анализа фармацевтического рынка были рассмотрены такие факторы, как соотношение импортной продукции и отечественных лекарственных средств. The review presents an analysis of the pharmaceutical market in the Republic of Kazakhstan of ophthalmic drugs in 2022. In order to implement the most comprehensive analysis of the pharmaceutical market, there were considered factors such as the ratio of imported products and domestic medicine.

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Loftssona, T. "Cyclodextrins in ophthalmic drug delivery." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 36, no. 1 (1999): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00055-6.

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Toffoletto, Nadia, Benilde Saramago, and Ana Paula Serro. "Therapeutic Ophthalmic Lenses: A Review." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 1 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010036.

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An increasing incidence of eye diseases has been registered in the last decades in developed countries due to the ageing of population, changes in lifestyle, environmental factors, and the presence of concomitant medical conditions. The increase of public awareness on ocular conditions leads to an early diagnosis and treatment, as well as an increased demand for more effective and minimally invasive solutions for the treatment of both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Despite being the most common route of ophthalmic drug administration, eye drops are associated with compliance i

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