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1

Parker, J. K., S. R. Bell, and D. M. Davis. "An Opposed-Piston Diesel Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 4 (1993): 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906767.

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Typical conventional diesel engine designs are based on arrangements of single piston and cylinder sets placed sequentially either in-line or offset (“V”) along the crankshaft. The development of other engines, such as the opposed piston type, has been motivated by potential advantages seen in such designs, which may not be viable in conventional in-line or V engine arrangements. Several alternatives to conventional engine design have been investigated in the past and some aspects of these designs have been utilized by engine manufacturers. The design and development of a proof-of-concept oppo
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2

Gregório, Jorge P., and Francisco M. Brójo. "Development of a 4 stroke spark ignition opposed piston engine." Open Engineering 8, no. 1 (2018): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2018-0039.

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Abstract The purpose of this project was to develop a low-cost OP engine, 4-stroke, gasoline by joining two single-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engines with side valves on the block, removing the heads. The chosed engine was Model EY15 of Robin America. Joining these two engine blocks together made possible to build an opposed-piston engine (OPE) with two crankshafts. In this new engine, the combustion chamber is confined to the space inside the cylinder between the piston heads and the chamber between the valves. The pistons move in the cylinder axis in opposite directions, a fe
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3

Pietrykowski, K., and M. Biały. "Multibody analysis of the opposed-piston aircraft engine vibrations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2130, no. 1 (2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2130/1/012005.

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Abstract One of the characteristic features of piston engines are vibrations caused by the pistons moving in the cylinders. During the engine design process, it is necessary to determine the level of vibration that can occur in the engine. This is especially important for aircraft engines. Due to the minimization of the weight of the aircraft, it is necessary to limit the factors that may cause damage to the structure. One of these factors is engine vibration, which can cause resonance and, consequently, a dangerous stress concentration. Long-term action of variable loads may also lead to the
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4

Pietrykowski, K. "FEM analysis of the opposed-piston aircraft engine block." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2130, no. 1 (2021): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2130/1/012034.

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Abstract An important aspect of aircraft engine design is weight minimization. However, excessive weight reduction may reduce mechanical strength of the engine. This is especially important for aero-engines due to consequences of engine failure in flight. The article presents the results of the FEM opposed-piston diesel engine block model tests. The tested engine is a PZL-100 two-stroke three-cylinder aircraft engine with two crankshafts and six pistons. Air is supplied via a mechanical compressor and a turbocharger. Stress in the engine block is induced by the operating process of the engine
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5

TULWIN, Tytus, Mirosław WENDEKER, and Zbigniew CZYŻ. "The swirl ratio influence on combustion process and heat transfer in the opposed piston compression-ignition engine." Combustion Engines 170, no. 3 (2017): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-301.

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In order to maximise engine heat efficiency an engines charge flow must be properly designed -especially its swirl and tumble ratio. A two-stroke compression-ignition opposed piston engine reacts to engine swirl differently compared to a standard automotive engine with axially symmetric combustion chamber. In order to facilitate direct fuel injection, high-pressure injectors must be positioned from the side of combustion chamber. Depending on the combustion chamber geometry the swirling gases impact greatly how the injection stream is formed. If the deformation is too high the high temperature
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6

Kudo, Shokiku. "Full port opposed piston engine (FOP)." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2021.25 (2021): D124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2021.25.d124.

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7

Shokrollahihassanbarough, Farzad, Ali Alqahtani, and Mirosław Wyszynski. "Thermodynamic simulation comparison of opposed two-stroke and conventional four-stroke engines." Combustion Engines 162, no. 3 (2015): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116867.

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Today’s technology leveraging allows OP2S (Opposed Piston 2-Stroke) engine to be considered as an alternative for the conventional four-stroke (4S) engines as mechanical drive in various applications, mainly in transportation. In general, OP2S engines are suited to compete with conventional 4-stroke engines where power-to-weight ratio, power-to-bulk volume ratio and fuel efficiency are requirements. This paper does present a brief advent, as well as the renaissance of OP2S engines and the novel technologies which have been used in the new approach. Also precise thermodynamic benefits have been
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8

Hofbauer, Peter, and Diana D. Brehob. "Opposed-Piston Opposed-Cylinder Engine for Heavy-Duty Trucks." MTZ worldwide 73, no. 4 (2012): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-012-0266-7.

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9

OPALIŃSKI, Marcin, Andrzej TEODORCZYK, and Jakub KALKE. "The closed-cycle model numerical analysis of the impact of crank mechanism design on engine efficiency." Combustion Engines 168, no. 1 (2017): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-125.

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The research presents a review and comparison of different engine constructions. Investigated engines included crankshaft engines, barrel engine, opposed-piston engines and theoretical models to present possible variations of piston motion curves. The work comprises also detailed description of a numerical piston engine model which was created to determine the impact of the cycle parameters including described different piston motion curves on the engine efficiency. Developed model was equipped with Wiebe function to reflect a heat release during combustion event and Woschini’s correlation to
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10

Hebbalkar, Sunil S., and Kaushik Kumar. "Designing of a Balanced Opposed Piston Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 852 (September 2016): 719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.852.719.

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An internal combustion engine with opposed piston engine (OPE) develops higher power density than any other conventional internal combustion engine by virtue of its design. A Two stroke OPE gives two power stroke within 3600 of crank revolution which indicates the higher power density. But this extra power also results in large amount of forces gets transmitted to both the crankshaft amounting to large unbalance in the engine. Hence for a smoother and noise free performance, engine should be dynamically balanced. So balancing is one of the main criteria for better performance. In this paper th
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11

Pei, Tianyou, Shuheng Qiu, Feixue Chen, Weiwei Gao, Zheng Li, and Chi Zhang. "Design of opposed piston 2-stroke internal combustion engine test platform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2235, no. 1 (2022): 012076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2235/1/012076.

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Abstract Opposed piston two-stroke engine, due to its characteristics of fast expansion, high power density and indicate efficiency, and dynamic balancing, attracts many researchers’ attention. In order to explore its combustion performance, a novel test platform consisting of a drive system and combustion control system is proposed in this paper. The drive system mainly contains a 75-kW induction motor, a synchronous gearbox, and two crankshaft mechanisms. The displacement of the piston and chamber pressure is acquired and used to control combustion parameters. Using this mechanical device, t
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12

Magryta, Paweł, and Michał Gęca. "FEM analysis of piston for aircraft two stroke diesel engine." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925207004.

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The paper presents an analysis of piston thermal loads in an opposed piston engine. The purpose of the work was to check the achieved thermal values of different piston models. Two types of pistons were analysed. The first piston was made entirely of aluminium. The second one was a split piston, made of steel and aluminium. Simulation studies were performed using Abaqus software. Boundary conditions were taken from previously made simulations conducted in AVL Fire software. The wall temperature of the piston was mapped from CFD combustion model. The results of the analyses were illustrated by
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13

Zhang, Qinglin, Zhaoping Xu, Shuangshuang Liu, and Liang Liu. "Effects of Injector Spray Angle on Performance of an Opposed-Piston Free-Piston Engine." Energies 13, no. 14 (2020): 3735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143735.

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A free-piston engine is a novel internal combustion engine which has the advantages of a variable compression ratio and multi-fuel adaptability. This paper focuses on numerical simulation for combustion process and spray angle optimization of an opposed-piston free-piston engine. The working principle and spray-guided central combustor structure of the engine are discussed. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic model with moving mesh is presented based on the tested piston motion of the prototype. Calculation conditions, spray models, and combustion models were set-up according to th
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14

PYSZCZEK, Rafał, Paweł MAZURO, Agnieszka JACH, and Andrzej TEODORCZYK. "Numerical investigation on low calorific syngas combustion in the opposed-piston engine." Combustion Engines 169, no. 2 (2017): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-210.

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The aim of this study was to investigate a possibility of using gaseous fuels of a low calorific value as a fuel for internal combustion engines. Such fuels can come from organic matter decomposition (biogas), oil production (flare gas) or gasification of materials containing carbon (syngas). The utilization of syngas in the barrel type Opposed-Piston (OP) engine arrangement is of particular interest for the authors. A robust design, high mechanical efficiency and relatively easy incorporation of Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) makes the OP engine an ideal candidate for running on a low calor
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15

Mazuro, Paweł, and Barbara Makarewicz. "The Potential of Wobble Plate Opposed Piston Axial Engines for Increased Efficiency." Energies 13, no. 21 (2020): 5598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215598.

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Recent announcements regarding the phase out of internal combustion engines indicate the need to make major changes in the automotive industry. Bearing in mind this innovation trend, the article proposes a new approach to the engine design. The aim of this paper is to shed a new light on the forgotten concept of axial engines with wobble plate mechanism. One of their most important advantages is the ease of use of the opposed piston layout, which has recently received much attention. Based on several years of research, the features determining the increase in mechanical efficiency, lower heat
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16

Xu, Zhao Ping, and Si Qin Chang. "Simulation of an Opposed-Piston Four-Stroke Free-Piston Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.585.

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In order to achieve efficient conversion of the chemical energy of fuel into the electrical energy, a novel opposed-piston four-stroke free-piston generator is developed in this paper by equipping one free-piston engine with two linear generators. Mathematical models of the opposed-piston four-stroke free-piston generator are created based on the kinetic equation of the free-piston motion, the state equation of the ideal gas, and an equivalent heat release function of the combustion process. Dynamical properties of the system are simulated and analyzed by using the created model, and results f
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17

HOSHINO, Takeshi. "Performance evaluations of semi-free piston Stirling engine with opposed piston configuration." Proceedings of the Symposium on Stirlling Cycle 2002.6 (2002): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmessc.2002.6.35.

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18

Czyż, Zbigniew, Ksenia Siadkowska, and Rafał Sochaczewski. "CFD Analysis of Charge Exchange in an Aircraft Opposed-Piston Diesel Engine." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925204002.

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The paper presents a description of geometric models, computational algorithms, and results of numerical analysis of charge exchange in an opposed-piston two-stroke engine. The research engine is a newly designed internal diesel engine. This unit is composed of three cylinders in which operate three pairs of opposed-pistons. The engine generates a power output equal to 100 kW at a crankshaft rotation speed of 3800-4000 rpm. The numerical investigations were carried out using ANSYS FLUENT solver. The geometrical model includes an intake manifold, a cylinder and an outlet manifold. The study was
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19

Huo, Ping, Jian Ping Wang, and Qiu Yan Sun. "Analysis of Self-Balance Characteristics of OPOC Engine." Advanced Materials Research 211-212 (February 2011): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.211-212.93.

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Considering the structure feature and working principle of Opposed Piston Opposed Cylinder engine, mathematical model of kinematics relationship for internal-external piston is build. Using ADAMS software to process kinematics characteristics simulation study and comparing the simulation results with traditional diesel engine, it indicate that the OPOC two-stroke engine has better self-balancing character, less kinematics inertial force and cylinder lateral pressure, and is helpful in reducing the frictional power consumption, and improving the noise-vibration smoothness.
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20

Ma, Fukang, Wei Yang, Junfeng Xu, et al. "Experimental Investigation of Combustion Characteristics on Opposed Piston Two-Stroke Gasoline Direct Injection Engine." Energies 14, no. 8 (2021): 2105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082105.

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The combustion characteristics of an opposed-piston two-stroke gasoline engine are investigated with experiment. The energy conversion and exergy destruction are analyzed and the organization method of the combustion process is summarized. The effects of phase difference, scavenging pressure, injection timing, ignition timing, and dual spark plug ignition scheme on the combustion process and engine performance are discussed, respectively. The heat release rate of the opposed-piston two-stroke gasoline engine is consistent with the conventional gasoline engine. With the increase of opposed-pist
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21

Ma, Fukang, Shuanlu Zhang, Zhenfeng Zhao, and Yifang Wang. "Research on the Operating Characteristics of Hydraulic Free-Piston Engines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123530.

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The hydraulic free-piston engine (HFPE) is a kind of hybrid-powered machine which combines the reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine and the plunger pump as a whole. In recent years, the HFPE has been investigated by a number of research groups worldwide due to its potential advantages of high efficiency, energy savings, reduced emissions and multi-fuel operation. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the operating characteristics, core questions and research progress of HFPEs via a systematic review and meta-analysis. We included operational control, starting characteristics, mi
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22

Jackiewicz, Jacek. "Application of Torsional Dampers for the Vibrations Reduction in Crankshafts of Piston Aircraft Engines." MATEC Web of Conferences 357 (2022): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235701009.

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It is a well-known fact that piston engines shake, among which some of them more than others. Therefore, such type of vibrations, created by piston engines, should be controlled somehow. For the reduction of torsional crankshaft vibrations, torsional dampers are often used. The crankshaft vibrations are intrinsic in any internal combustion engine because of the powerful though unequal forces, which act directly on its crankshaft. Although the dampers will not add engine horsepower, lack of using them causes that crankshaft vibrations will hamper the horsepower potential of engines. The study a
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23

NAKASHIMA, Masaru, Shunta MIYAZAKI, Kohei KAWATE, et al. "Development of an Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Engine Device using Model Engines." Proceedings of Conference of Kyushu Branch 2021.74 (2021): B31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekyushu.2021.74.b31.

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24

Robinson, Matthew C., Nigel N. Clark, and Parviz Famouri. "Resonance of a Spring Opposed Free Piston Engine Device." SAE International Journal of Engines 9, no. 1 (2016): 576–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0568.

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25

Zhu, Yongsheng, Yang Wang, Xudong Zhen, et al. "The control of an opposed hydraulic free piston engine." Applied Energy 126 (August 2014): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.007.

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26

Wu, Limin, Huihua Feng, Ziwei Zhang, et al. "Experimental analysis on the operation process of opposed-piston free piston engine generator." Fuel 325 (October 2022): 124722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124722.

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27

HU, Yong, and Akira HIBI. "Hydraulic free piston internal combustion engine. Theoretical investigation of the opposed piston type." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 57, no. 534 (1991): 762–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.57.762.

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28

KALKE, Jakub, Marcin OPALIŃSKI, and Paweł MAZURO. "Experimental test stand for development of an opposed-piston engine and initial results." Combustion Engines 169, no. 2 (2017): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-213.

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The article presents the reason for developing a 0D predictive and diagnostic model for opposed-piston (OP) engines. Firstly, a description of OP engines, together with their most important advantages and challenges are given together with current research work. Secondly, a PAMAR-4 engine characteristic is presented. After that the proposed 0D predictive model is described and compared with the commercially availible software. Test stand with most important sensors and solutions are presented. After that the custom Engine Control Unit software is characterized together with a 0D diagnostic mod
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ALQAHTANI, Ali, Miroslaw WYSZYNSKI, Pawel MAZURO, and Hongming XU. "Evaluation of the effect of variable compression ratios performance on opposed piston 2-stroke engine." Combustion Engines 171, no. 4 (2017): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-417.

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Numerous skills involving the introduction of (OP) opposed piston engine have been developed in the recent past. Indeed, novel techniques can help to improve the performance of the engine. The aim of this paper is to model and simulate a simple single-cylinder two-stroke opposed-piston engine and minimise fuel consumption and heat loss, using the software programme AVL BOOST™. AVL BOOST is an engine modelling software, which analyses the performance of a modelled single cylinder two-stroke opposed-piston engine by changing desired parameters. In order to meet this aim, experimental results fro
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30

Gharakhani, Adrin, and Ahmed F. Ghoniem. "3D vortex simulation of flow in an opposed-piston engine." ESAIM: Proceedings 7 (1999): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc:1999015.

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31

Young, Alex G., Aaron W. Costall, Daniel Coren, and James W. G. Turner. "The Effect of Crankshaft Phasing and Port Timing Asymmetry on Opposed-Piston Engine Thermal Efficiency." Energies 14, no. 20 (2021): 6696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206696.

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Opposed-piston, two-stroke engines reveal degrees of freedom that make them excellent candidates for next generation, highly efficient internal combustion engines for hybrid electric vehicles and power systems. This article reports simulation results that explore the influence of key control and geometrical parameters, specifically crankshaft phasing and intake and exhaust port height-to-stroke ratios, in obtaining best thermal efficiency. A model of a 0.75 L, single-cylinder opposed-piston two-stroke engine is exercised to predict fuel consumption as engine speed, load, crankshaft phasing, in
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KALKE, Jakub, Mateusz SZCZECIŃSKI, and Paweł MAZURO. "Unsteady conjugated heat transfer in cylinder of highly loaded opposed-piston engine." Combustion Engines 167, no. 4 (2016): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2016-407.

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Paper presents a method of calculating the temperature distribution in cylinder for a 2-stroke, opposed-piston (OP) internal combustion engine (ICE). Development of such machines has been very limited after World War II due to technological and ecological problems [9], therefore progress in numerical modeling for analyzing highly boosted OP engines was also halted. Current technology permits returning to the OP arrangement, where due to better combustion chamber shape it is potentially possible to achieve higher thermodynamic efficiency than in arrangement with the cylinder head [9, 10]. Autho
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Ghautama, Wira, Djoko Herwanto, Lilies Esthi Riyanti, Mursyidin Mursyidin, and Andri Kurniawan. "PENGENALAN TEKNIK DASAR OVERHAUL MESIN PISTON PESAWAT UDARA TIPE OPPOSED UNTUK GURU SMK PENERBANGAN." Darmabakti: Jurnal Inovasi Pengabdian dalam Penerbangan 2, no. 1 (2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52989/darmabakti.v2i1.43.

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Abstrak
 Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih rendahnya jumlah dan kompetensi guru bidang produktif sekolah menengah kejuruan penerbangan. Data pemerintah tahun 2019 memperlihatkan mayoritas postur tenaga pengajarnya masih didominasi oleh kategori bidang normative adaptif atau guru umum, sedangkan guru produktif yang mengajar materi pelajaran sesuai bidang keahliannya masih rendah, pada prosentase di bawah 35%. Dampak dari peningkatan kualitas guru produktif akan mempengaruhi kualitas lulusan SMK Penerbangan, sehingga link and match dengan dunia usaha dan industri penerbanga
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KARPIŃSKI, Paweł. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE INJECTION TIMING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO-STROKE OPPOSED-PISTON DIESEL ENGINE." Applied Computer Science 14, no. 2 (2018): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/acs-2018-14.

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The performance of the engine strongly depends on the parameters of the combustion process. In compression ignition engines, the fuel injection timing has a significant influence on this process. The moment of its occurrence and its duration should be chosen so that the maximum pressure value occurs several degrees after TDC. In order to analyze the effect of the fuel injection timing on the performance of the tested two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine, a zero-dimensional model was developed in the AVL BOOST program. Next, a series of simulations were performed based on the defined calcula
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35

Liu, Shuangshuang, Zhaoping Xu, Leiming Chen, and Liang Liu. "Comparison of an opposed-piston free-piston engine using single and dual channel uniflow scavenging." Applied Thermal Engineering 201 (January 2022): 117813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117813.

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HU, Yong, and Akira HIBI. "Hydraulic free piston internal combustion engine. Outline of the fundamental test apparatus with opposed pistons." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 56, no. 525 (1990): 1565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.56.1565.

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37

Mattarelli, Enrico, Giuseppe Cantore, Carlo Alberto Rinaldini, and Tommaso Savioli. "Combustion System Development of an Opposed Piston 2-Stroke Diesel Engine." Energy Procedia 126 (September 2017): 1003–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.08.268.

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38

Tulwin, T., and P. Karpiński. "Analysis of the fuel spray diversity in the opposed-piston engine." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1101 (October 2018): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1101/1/012045.

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39

SIADKOWSKA, Ksenia, Mirosław WENDEKER, and Łukasz GRABOWSKI. "An investigation of the fuel injector dedicated to the aircraft opposed-piston two-stroke diesel engine." Combustion Engines 177, no. 2 (2019): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-227.

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The paper presents the research results of the injector construction with the modified injection nozzle. The injector is designed for a prototype opposed-piston aircraft diesel engine. The measurements were based on the Mie scattering technique. The conditions of the experiment corresponded to maximum loads similar to those occurring at the start. The measuring point was selected in line with the analysis of engine operating conditions: combustion chamber pressure at the moment of fuel delivery (6 MPa) and fuel pressure in the injection rail (140 MPa). The analysis focused on the average spray
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40

Yang, Wei, Fu-kang Ma, Feng Li, and Jun-feng Xu. "Identification and analysis of the factors to realizing variable intake/exhaust phases in opposed-piston two-stroke diesel engines." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 6 (2022): 168781322211026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132221102648.

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The opposed-piston, two-stroke (OP2S) diesel engine is a potential power system to promote thermal efficiency, but the engine has an inferior scavenging performance. Through variable intake/exhaust times, the combustion process can be effectively facilitated. For example, the VVT technology is used in traditional engines. However, this technology has not been applied to OP2S diesel engines. This present work analyzed parameters influencing the intake/exhaust times to find a way to realize variable intake/exhaust times in OP2S diesel engines. These parameters affecting intake/exhaust times were
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41

HU, Yong, and Akira HIBI. "Hydraulic free piston internal combustion engine. Experimental investigation on the fundamental test apparatus with opposed piston." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 56, no. 530 (1990): 3167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.56.3167.

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42

Lu, Jinkang, Zhaoping Xu, and Liang Liu. "Compression Ratio Control of an Opposed-Piston Free-Piston Engine Generator Based on Artificial Neural Networks." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 107865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3001273.

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43

Grabowski, Łukasz, Konrad Pietrykowski, and Paweł Karpiński. "Energetic Analysis of the Aircraft Diesel Engine." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925205012.

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The analysis of the distribution of thermal energy generated during the combustion process in internal combustion engines and the estimation of individual losses are important regarding performance and efficiency. The article analyses the energy balance of the designed two-stroke opposed piston diesel engines with offset, i.e. the angle by which the crankshaft at the side of exhaust ports is ahead of the crankshaft at the side of intake ports. Based on the developed zero-dimensional engine model, a series of simulations were performed in steady-state conditions using the AVL BOOST software. Th
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Grabowski, Łukasz, Konrad Pietrykowski, and Paweł Karpiński. "Charging process analysis of an opposed-piston two-stroke aircraft Diesel engine." ITM Web of Conferences 15 (2017): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20171503002.

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HOSHINO, Takeshi. "A02 Design and fabrication of opposed-piston linear alternator for Stirling engine." Proceedings of the Symposium on Stirlling Cycle 2001.5 (2001): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmessc.2001.5.5.

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46

Zhang, Zhenyu, Peng Zhang, and Zhenfeng Zhao. "Spray Impingement and Combustion in a Model Opposed-Piston Compression Ignition Engine." Combustion Science and Technology 189, no. 11 (2017): 1943–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2017.1340278.

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47

Kozak, Dariusz, and Paweł Mazuro. "Review of Small Gas Turbine Engines and Their Adaptation for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Systems." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 5, no. 2 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp5020008.

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Abstract:
Current commercial and heavy-duty powertrains are geared towards emissions reduction. Energy recovery from exhaust gases has great potential, considering the mechanical work to be transferred back to the engine. For this purpose, an additional turbine can be implemented behind a turbocharger; this solution is called turbocompounding (TC). This paper considers the adaptation of turbine wheels and gearboxes of small turboshaft and turbojet engines into a two-stage TC system for a six-cylinder opposed-piston engine that is currently under development. The initial conditions are presented in the f
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48

Ma, Fu-kang, Chang-lu Zhao, Zhen-feng Zhao, and Shuan-lu Zhang. "Scavenge flow analysis of opposed-piston two-stroke engine based on dynamic characteristics." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 4 (2015): 168781401558156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814015581569.

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Hu, Xiaoyu, Qiang Sun, Guoxiang Li, and Shuzhan Bai. "Numerical investigation of thermo-hydraulic performance of an opposed piston opposed cylinder engine water jacket with helical fins." Applied Thermal Engineering 159 (August 2019): 113824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.113824.

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Wu, Limin, Huihua Feng, Ziwei Zhang, Zhifeng Tang, Boru Jia, and Xiaodong Yan. "Research on starting process and control strategy of opposed-piston free-piston engine generator _ Simulation and test results." Energy Reports 7 (November 2021): 4977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.07.132.

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