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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Optical communications. Infrared array detectors

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Academic literature on the topic 'Optical communications. Infrared array detectors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Optical communications. Infrared array detectors"

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Richter, Hilmar H., Michael Harr, Peter Dinges, Heribert Krüger, Alexandra Todisco, and Bernd Zimmermann. "Development and Manufacture of a Linear 16-Pixel FIR Array—The PACS Module." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-4.4.136.

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The high- and low-stressed photodetector array camera and spectrometer (PACS) modules (linear 16-pixel arrays) are the basic constituents of the 16 × 25 pixel far-infrared (57–220 μm) PACS cameras aboard the Herschel satellite. The essentials for the stress application and the pixel stacking technique originate from detectors aboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO, 1995–1998) and for the field imaging far infrared line spectrometer (FIFI-LS) aboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). To meet the mass budget of the cameras and provide the required high tensile strength, the only usable material for the module body turned out to be an aluminum alloy (AL 7075 T651). Especially challenging was the tight thermal budget for the PACS modules. Compared to FIFI-LS, in the case of the PACS module the heat dissipation from the front end electronics (FEE) and harness substrates at about 4 K to the module body containing the pixel stack at about 2 K had to be reduced drastically. A genuine suspension concept and packaging for the respective substrates was developed and successfully applied, allowing reliable electrical wiring from the harness over the FEE on to the pixels. The FEE with the cryogenic readout electronics (CRE) is contributed by the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC).

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Sturm, James C. "Advanced Column-IV Epitaxial Materials for Silicon-Based Optoelectronics." MRS Bulletin 23, no. 4 (April 1998): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400030281.

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Over the past decade or so, research in silicon-based heterostructures has evolved from a few seminal publications on the growth and physical properties of Si1−xGex heteroepitaxial layers to a technology currently entering large-scale commercial production for heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). During this period, extensive work has taken place on the optoelectronic applications of Si/Si1−x Gex such as 1.3–1.55 μam detectors for optical communication, 2–12-μm infrared detectors for two-dimensional (2D) focal plane arrays for night vision and thermal imaging, and infrared emitters for chip-to-chip optical communication as well as waveguiding and modulators. The overall goal of this work has been to merge optoelectronic functionality with the very large-scale-integration and electronic signal processing capabilities of silicon to create a silicon-based “superchip.”

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Singh, Anand, and Ravinder Pal. "Infrared Avalanche Photodiode Detectors." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 2 (March 14, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.11183.

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This study presents on the design, fabrication and characteristics of HgCdTe mid-wave infrared avalanche photodiode (MWIR APD). The gain of 800 at - 8 V bias is measured in n+-ν-p+ detector array with pitch size of 30 μm. The gain independent bandwidth of 6 MHz is achieved in the fabricated device. This paper also covers the status of HgCdTe and III-V material based IR-APD technology. These APDs having high internal gain and bandwidth are suitable for the detection of attenuated optical signals such as in the battle field conditions/long range imaging in defence and space applications. It provides a combined solution for both detection and amplification if the detector receives a very weak optical signal. HgCdTe based APDs provide high avalanche gain with low excess noise, high quantum efficiency, low dark current and fast response time.

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Bashir, Muhammad Salman, and Mohamed-Slim Alouini. "Free-Space Optical MISO Communications With an Array of Detectors." IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 1 (2020): 1765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2020.3035600.

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Kulchitsky, N. A., A. V. Naumov, and V. V. Startsev. "Development Trends of Infrared Focal Plane Array Detectors." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 22, no. 9 (December 29, 2020): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.22.500-510.

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Since its inception, the market for infrared (IR) thermal imaging equipment has grown, primarily, due to its military applications. Today, the military sector still provides some growth for the market, but its development paradigm has changed. Now the main growth in the market is provided by the sectors of civil and medical thermography, security and fire surveillance, personal night vision systems and local security niches (municipal, private, etc.). The devices using thermal imagers make it possible to detect in conditions of poor visibility, to detect people with high temperature in the crowd. In the last decade, a number of new directions and trends have been outlined in infrared photoelectronics. They are associated with increasing the resolution of systems, improving methods for recording ultra-weak optical signals, creating high-speed and multispectral systems, forming infrared 3D images According to forecast of Maxtech International (USA) and today's estimates of the authors, the market for infrared systems (civil and military) amounted to 10.5 billion dollars in 2017, and could reach 20 billion dollars by 2025. Due to the pandemic, we have restated the Maxtech International's forecasts upwardly for the medium term.

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Treado, Patrick J., Ira W. Levin, and E. Neil Lewis. "Indium Antimonide (InSb) Focal Plane Array (FPA) Detection for Near-Infrared Imaging Microscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 5 (May 1994): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944924899.

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Near-infrared spectroscopy is a sensitive, noninvasive method for chemical analyses, and its integration with imaging technologies represents a potent tool for the study of a wide range of materials. In this communication the use of an indium antimonide (InSb) multichannel imaging detector for near-infrared absorption spectroscopic microscopy is described. In particular, a 128 × 128 pixel InSb staring array camera has been combined with a refractive optical microscope and an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) to display chemically discriminative, spatially resolved, vibrational spectroscopic images of biological and polymeric systems. AOTFs are computer-controlled bandpass filters that provide high speed, random wavelength access, wide spectral coverage, and high spectral resolution. Although AOTFs inherently have a wide range of spectroscopic applications, we apply this technology to NIR absorption microscopy between 1 and 2.5 μm. The spectral interval is well matched to the optical characteristics of both the NIR refractive microscope and the AOTF, thereby providing near-diffraction-limited performance with a practical spatial resolution of 1 to 2 μm. Design principles of this novel instrumentation and representative applications of the technique are presented for various model systems.

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Tinbergen, J. "Array Polarimetry and Optical-Differencing Photometry." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056448.

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Array detectors have improved the efficiency of optical polarimetry sufficiently for this technique to become part of the standard arsenal of observational facilities. However, we could gain even more: spatially-differentiating photometry can be implemented as an option of array Polarimeters and low-noise, high-frame-rate array detectors will allow extremely high precision both in polarimetry and in such differentiating photometry. The latter would be valuable for analyzing many kinds of optical or infrared images of very low contrast; the essence of the technique is to use optical (and extremely stable) means to produce the spatial derivative of the flux image, in the form of a polarization image which is then presented to a “standard” array polarimeter. The polarimeter should incorporate a polarization modulator of sufficient quality for the photometric application in mind. If developed properly, using a state-of-the-art array detector and the most sensitive type of polarization modulator (stress-birefringence), optical differencing will allow levels of relative photometric precision not otherwise obtainable. With the optical differencing option taken out of the beam, the same instrument can be used for high-quality polarimetry.

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D'Odorico, Sandro. "Array Detectors and Instruments for the ESO VLT." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056217.

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Two-D array detectors are one of the key components of the instruments being built for the four ESO 8-m telescopes, the VLT project. Three optical and two infrared instruments are under construction. One faint object imager and multi-slit spectrograph to operate in the spectral region 350–1000 nm (acronym FORS) is based on a 20482 high-efficiency CCD. A two-channel echelle spectrograph to work in the 300–1000 nm region (UVRS) is built around a mosaic of 20482, 15 μm CCDs. A multifiber, new spectrograph is based on a 4096 × 2048, 16 μm CCD. The two infrared high-resolution instruments, one imager/long-slit spectrometer (ISAAC) and one high-resolution camera are designed to work with adaptive optics and in the speckle mode (CONICA). Both are designed to incorporate IR arrays up to a format of 10242 and will work in the spectral region of 1–5 μm. The main properties of the instruments and of detectors are presented and their close interdependence is illustrated.

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Zhang, Tong, Chun Lin, Honglei Chen, Changhong Sun, Jiamu Lin, and Xi Wang. "MTF measurement and analysis of linear array HgCdTe infrared detectors." Infrared Physics & Technology 88 (January 2018): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2017.11.010.

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Jain, Ankur, and Amiya Biswas. "Parasitic Flux Analysis of Cooled Infrared Detectors for Space Applications." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 2 (March 14, 2017): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.11180.

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An infrared imager measures radiations emitted by an object in specified spectral bands to determine change in object’s characteristics over a period of time. A typical infrared imager consists of focusing optics and a cryogenically cooled two-dimensional infrared detector array mounted on the cold tip of an active micro-cooler vacuum sealed with an optical window, typically known as integrated detector cooler assembly (IDCA). Detection of feeble radiant flux from the intended target in a narrow spectral band requires a highly sensitive low noise sensor array with high well capacity. However, in practical applications the performance of an infrared imager is limited by the parasitic thermal emissions from optical elements and emissions from IDCA components like vacuum window, Dewar walls which are generally kept at ambient temperature. To optimise the performance of imager it becomes imperative to estimate these parasitic fluxes and take corrective actions to minimise their effects. This paper explains an analytical model developed to estimate parasitic fluxes generated from different components of a long wave infrared imager. Validation of the developed model was carried out by simulations in ZEMAX optical design software using ray trace method after analytical computations in MATLAB.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optical communications. Infrared array detectors"

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Cole, Michael. "Estimation and detection of signals in a turbulent free space optical communications channel using array detectors /." 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1441185401&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=10361&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Optical communications. Infrared array detectors"

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Towe, E., and D. Pal. Intersublevel quantum-dot infrared photodetectors. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.7.

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This article describes the basic principles of semiconductor quantum-dot infrared photodetectors based on conduction-band intersublevel transitions. Sufficient background material is discussed to enable an appreciation of the subtle differences between quantum-well and quantum-dot devices. The article first considers infrared photon absorption and photon detection, along with some metrics for photon detectors and the detection of infrared radiation by semiconductors. It then examines the optical matrix element for interband, intersubband and intersublevel transitions before turning to experimental single-pixel quantum-dot infrared photodetectors. In particular, it explains the epitaxial synthesis of quantum dots and looks at mid-wave and long-wave quantum-dot infrared photodetectors. It also evaluates the characteristics of quantum-dot detectors and possible development of quantum-dot focal plane array imagers. The article concludes with an assessment of the challenges and prospects for high-performance detectors and arrays.

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Book chapters on the topic "Optical communications. Infrared array detectors"

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Hayashi, Shin’ichiro, and Norihiko Sekine. "Optical Heterodyne Measurement of Terahertz Wave." In Terahertz Technology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99168.

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One of the most notable frequency regions in terms of research currently lies in the ‘frequency gap’ region between microwaves and infrared: terahertz wave. Although new methods for generating and detecting terahertz wave have been developed, few detectors operating at room temperature are able to capture low-energy terahertz beams. Here we introduce the optical heterodyne measurement (nonlinear frequency up-conversion detection) of terahertz wave using parametric wavelength conversion in a nonlinear crystal; this has better sensitivity than many commonly used thermal detectors such as pyroelectric detectors. Additionally, optical heterodyne techniques allow the beams of terahertz wave to be visualized and their frequency and intensity determined directly as visible light. These are very promising for extending applied researches into the terahertz region, and we expect that these will open new research fields such as wireless information communications or non-destructive inspection in the terahertz region.

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Anton Okhai, Timothy, Azeez O. Idris, Usisipho Feleni, and Lukas W. Snyman. "Nanomaterial-Enhanced Receptor Technology for Silicon On-Chip Biosensing Application." In Biosensor - Current and Novel Strategies for Biosensing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94249.

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Nanomaterials integration in biosensors designs are known to enhance sensing and signaling capabilities by exhibiting remarkably high surface area enhancement and intrinsic reactivity owing to their distinctive optical, chemical, electrical and catalytic properties. We present the synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their immobilization on a silicon on-chip biosensor platform to enhance sensing capability for prostate specific antigen (PSA) - cancer biomarkers. Several techniques, including UV-Visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used for characterizing the AgNPs. The biochemical sensor consists of AgNPs immobilized on the receptor layer of a silicon avalanche mode light emitting device (Si AM LED) which enables on-chip optical detection biological analytes. A bio-interaction layer etched from the chip interacts with the evanescent field of a micro dimensioned waveguide. An array of detectors below the receptor cavity selectively monitor reflected light in the UV, visible, infrared and far infrared wavelength regions. AgNPs used as an immobilization layer in the receptor layer enhances selective absorption analytes, causing a change in detection signal as a function of propagation wavelength as light is dispersed. The analytes could range from gases to cancer biomarkers like prostate specific antigen.

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Conference papers on the topic "Optical communications. Infrared array detectors"

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Zhang, Junju, Lianjun Sun, Shiyun Wang, Benkang Chang, Yunsheng Qian, and Chunyu Yu. "Performance analysis of low-cost uncooled microbolometer infrared detectors." In Asia-Pacific Optical Communications, edited by Yong Hee Lee, Fumio Koyama, and Yi Luo. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.688521.

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Baddiley, C. J. "The Potential of CdHgTe Staring Array Infrared Detectors For Satellite Detection." In Optical Systems for Space and Defence, edited by Alan H. Lettington. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.969701.

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Naranjo, Vianak, Armin Huber, Ulrich Mall, Richard J. Mathar, and Peter Bizenberger. "PANIC-4K: upgrade with a HAWAII-4RG array." In X-ray, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy IX, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2561424.

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Zyskind, J. L., C. A. Burrus, C. Caneau, A. G. Dentai, M. A. Pollack, A. K. Srivastava, J. E. Bowers, and J. C. DeWinter. "GaInAsSb Detectors And Lasers For Mid-Infrared Optical Communications." In Cambridge Symposium-Fiber/LASE '86, edited by Vincent J. Tekippe. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.937666.

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Fièque, Bruno, Adrien Lamoure, Olivier Gravrand, Olivier Boulade, Salima Mouzali, Giacomo Badano, Stéphane Basa, Frédéric Salvetti, and Sébastien Aufranc. "Development of astronomy large focal plane array "ALFA" at Sofradir and CEA." In High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VIII, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2311713.

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Nakamori, Takeshi, Yuga Ouchi, Risa Ogihara, Toshio Terasawa, Yuhei Kato, Shimpei Shibata, Hiroshi Akitaya, and Koji S. Kawabata. "Development of an optical photon counting imager using a monolithic Geiger APD array." In X-ray, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy IX, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2560925.

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Dorn, Meghan, Craig W. McMurtry, Judith L. Pipher, William J. Forrest, Mario Cabrera, Amy K. Mainzer, Donald Lee, Jianmei Pan, and Andre Wong. "A monolithic 2k x 2k LWIR HgCdTe detector array for passively cooled space missions." In High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VIII, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2313521.

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Hart, Murdock, Robert H. Barkhouser, Stephen A. Smee, and James E. Gunn. "Focal plane array alignment and cryogenic surface topography measurements for the Prime Focus Spectrograph." In High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VIII, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2312225.

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Piel, Quentin, Laurent Brunetti, Armand Fiasson, Josef Eder, Inocencio Monteiro, Koji Noda, Thomas Schweizer, and Gian Paolo Guizzo. "Simulations of the large size telescope drive system proposed for the Cherenkov telescope array." In High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VIII, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2313336.

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Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Sebastien Tetaud, David Gooding, Brian Shortt, Thierry Beaufort, Sander Blommaert, Bart Butler, et al. "First proton and gamma radiation of the MCT NIR European astronomy large format array detector." In X-ray, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy IX, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James Beletic. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2561279.

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