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Academic literature on the topic 'Optical instruments in literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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Zhuang, Ziyun, and Ho Pui Ho. "Application of digital micromirror devices (DMD) in biomedical instruments." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 13, no. 06 (August 5, 2020): 2030011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545820300116.

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There is an ongoing technological revolution in the field of biomedical instruments. Consequently, high performance healthcare devices have led to remarkable economic developments in the medical hardware industry. Until now, nearly all optical bio-imaging systems are based on the 2-dimensional imaging chip architecture. In fact, recent developments in digital micromirror devices (DMDs) are gradually making their way from conventional optical projection displays into biomedical instruments. As an ultrahigh-speed spatial light modulator, the DMD may offer a range of new applications including real-time biomedical sensing or imaging, as well as orientation tracking and targeted screening. Given its short history, the use of DMD in biomedical and healthcare instruments has emerged only within the past decade. In this paper, we first provide an overview by summarizing all reported cases found in the literature. We then critically analyze the general pros and cons of using DMD, specifically in terms of response speed, stability, accuracy, repeatability, robustness, and degree of automation, in relation to the performance outcome of the designated instrument. Particularly, we shall focus our discussion on the use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS)-based devices in a set of representative instruments including the surface plasmon resonance biosensor, optical microscopes, Raman spectrometers, ophthalmoscopes, and the micro stereolithographic system. Finally, the prospects of using the DMD approach in biomedical or healthcare systems and possible next generation DMD-based biomedical devices are presented.

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Marpaung, Hakim Irwandi, Danuditya Purna Atmaja, Rismaidah Purba, and Ainul Ghurri. "Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Observasi Terhadap Penilaian Teknik Servis Atas Dalam Sepaktakraw." JURNAL STAMINA 6, no. 4 (December 4, 2023): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jst.v6i4.1242.

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This research is to assist coaches in assessing the technical implementation of serves and their relationship to achieving the main aspects of service movements in sepaktakraw. The purpose of the study is to validate the observation instrument to assess the technical implementation of the top service in Sepaktakaw. This observation instrument can be used to assess progress in relation to achieving important aspects of movement in each service. Methods: Construction of the validity and reliability of this observation instrument is carried out in four phases. The first phase is the study of literature that specifically review the construction of observation instruments. The second stage, the instrument construction was established. The third stage, the validity coefficient of the instrument's content is determined by Aiken V and 9 experts with qualifications, level of understanding, conformity of words, and relevance of the statement, etc. (with a rating scale of 1-4). The internal validation of the instrument is calculated and applied by 18 athletes, quantitatively tested using the product moment correlation. The fourth stage, the reliability of the instrument is calculated using Cronbach's Alpha reliability test. Results: The result of this study indicates that the instrument has optimal value of content and internal validity. In addition, the instrument also has a high reliability value. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used in similar circumstances. More than that, these instruments can be considered measuring instruments to be utilized by the trainer, the teacher as an assessment of the ability of top service techniques

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Zarkasyi, Moh Ali, Maimon Sumo, Moh Ma’ruf Amin, Sakinah Sakinah, and Mila Rosa Angraini. "Analysis of the Use of Optical Waves in the World of Health: Literature Study." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science 2, no. 01 (December 25, 2023): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v2i01.525.

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Waves are vibrations that propagate at any time. Waves are divided into two, namely mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. In the world of health, what we often encounter are tools whose use is accompanied by one of the physics concepts, namely optical waves. Optical waves in the world of health are very important to apply because they are the basis for learning in health science or in the sense that the concepts that are developed in health science use the concept of optical waves. Optical waves are known as electromagnetic waves, because these waves describe visible light rays, infrared, and ultraviolet rays, so these rays are used as materials for the use of optical instruments. There are many kinds of optical instruments, including loupes which are used to magnify small things, microscopes as a tool to see objects that are far away with the sense of sight, binoculars as a tool to see the distance of objects that are far from the surface of the earth, and the eye as a tool for our vision. Then scientists applied the wave concept with optical tools to serve as a reference in the world of health. Waves according to Prof. Yohanes Surya, Ph. in the title of the book Vibrations and Waves (2019), propagating vibrations produce energy and move at a certain speed, and do not drag the material they pass through. The use of optical waves is widely applied in medical science, including X-rays as a detector for internal body elements to clarify broken parts such as bones or other things. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that waves are the basis in the world of health, which are of course used in optical equipment, and are a reference for the health team and as a basic concept in physics learning. This underlies the fact that optical waves are not only used in the world of education but are very It is also needed in the world of health.

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Balestrieri, Eulalia, Luca De Vito, Francesco Picariello, Sergio Rapuano, and Ioan Tudosa. "A review of accurate phase measurement methods and instruments for sinewave signals." ACTA IMEKO 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i2.802.

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<p class="Abstract">The phase measurement of sinewave signals is important in several applications, such as electric and electronic instrumentation; telecommunications; and optical interferometry. The uncertainty of the phase measurement has an essential role in ensuring the suitable performance of the devices and systems used by the relevant application. Some highly accurate phase measurement methods have been developed and implemented in different instrument types that are currently available on the market or have been proposed in the scientific literature, each capable of covering very different frequency ranges. This article presents an overview of these methods and instruments in order to highlight the characteristics in terms of the measurement uncertainty of the main methods and instruments that are used, by taking into account a varying operative frequency range. The standard deviations considered in the surveyed literature are used to identify a phase measurement method that is capable of covering a large high-frequency range, simultaneously maintaining a low value of measurement uncertainty, as requested by some applications (like waveform recorder frequency response testing).</p>

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Can, G., G. Ayan, A. Ozdede, M. Bektaş, N. Akdogan, B. Yalici-Armagan, E. Oksum Solak, et al. "AB0579 INSTRUMENTS FOR SCREENING PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AMONG PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1327.1–1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3275.

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Background:Timely diagnosis is essential for the optimal management of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Several instruments have been developed for screening PsA among patients with psoriasis. However, a delay in diagnosis is still frequently reported, possibly due to the lack of a wide use of these instruments.Objectives:We aimed to identify and compare the reported performance of these instruments with special emphasis on the PsA phenotypes.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed until 15 August 2020 using the keyword ‘psoriatic arthritis’. Two independent reviewers identified all studies published in English, that report on the validation, psychometric evaluation or use of an instrument for screening PsA. Any disagreements were resolved by the third investigator. Data on sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were extracted or calculated for each instrument. Additionally, instruments were assessed for their performance in patients with different disease phenotypes.Results:A total of 10754 references were screened, and 42 were identified that reported on 15 different screening instruments. Psoriatic Arthritis Screening and Evaluation (PASE), Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST), Early Arthritis for Psoriatic Patients questionnaire (EARP) were the most commonly used instruments. There was important variability across studies regarding the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of these instruments based on the cut-offs for positivity, setting, patient population and disease phenotypes (Table 1). Specificity was higher when patients with a previous diagnosis of other rheumatic diseases were excluded. Lower sensitivity was reported among patients with shorter disease duration and when patients with a prior diagnosis of PsA were excluded from the study, whereas higher sensitivity was reported among patients with prior NSAID use. Screening tools showed differences in sensitivity in different domains (Figure 1).Figure 1.Performance Among Patients with Each DomainConclusion:This systematic literature review revealed wide variability in the diagnostic estimates of currently available questionnaire-based screening instruments for identifying PsA among psoriasis patients, depending on study populations and disease phenotypes. There is an unmet need for a screening instrument with a better performance in all disease domains.Table 1.Diagnostic estimates of screening tools in different studiesInstrumentNumber of studiesSensitivity%Specificity%PPV%NPV%PASE1824-9138-9518-8813-96PEST1140 – 8537.2-98.623-9647.1-99.3EARP941-97.234-97.214-93.357.5-100TOPAS641-89.129.7-9025.7-91.868-81.6TOPAS-II444-95.880.5-9863.4-95.891-98PsA-Disk questionnaire187.246.458.678.5CONTEST270-76.556.5-9116-8968-95STRIPP191.593.379.697.5SiPAS179877390PASQ267-92.764-81.84383GEPARD277706680Swedish- Psoriasis Assessment Questionnaire163724585PAQ160622687.5SiPAT169699169A novel, short, and simple screening questionnaire186.971.35393.6PASE: Psoriatic Arthritis Screening and Evaluation, PEST: Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool, EARP: Early Arthritis for Psoriatic Patients questionnaire, TOPAS: Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Screening Questionnaire, STRIPP: Screening Tool for Rheumatologic Investigation,SIPAS: Simple Psoriatic Arthritis Screening questionnaire, PASQ: Psoriasis and Arthritis Screening Questionnaire, GEPARD: German Psoriatic Arthritis Diagnostic Questionnaire, PAQ: Psoriatic and Arthritic Questionnaire, SiPAT: Siriraj Psoriatic Arthritis Screening ToolDisclosure of Interests:None declared.

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Hanson, Eliza K., and Rebecca J. Whelan. "Application of the Nicoya OpenSPR to Studies of Biomolecular Binding: A Review of the Literature from 2016 to 2022." Sensors 23, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 4831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23104831.

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The Nicoya OpenSPR is a benchtop surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instrument. As with other optical biosensor instruments, it is suitable for the label-free interaction analysis of a diverse set of biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, antibodies, nucleic acids, lipids, viruses, and hormones/cytokines. Supported assays include affinity/kinetics characterization, concentration analysis, yes/no assessment of binding, competition studies, and epitope mapping. OpenSPR exploits localized SPR detection in a benchtop platform and can be connected with an autosampler (XT) to perform automated analysis over an extended time period. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive survey of the 200 peer-reviewed papers published between 2016 and 2022 that use the OpenSPR platform. We highlight the range of biomolecular analytes and interactions that have been investigated using the platform, provide an overview on the most common applications for the instrument, and point out some representative research that highlights the flexibility and utility of the instrument.

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Febriani, Febriani, M. Ibnusaputra, Pramudya Wahyu Pradana, and Jumadi Jumadi. "Socioscientific Issues-based Guided-inquiry E-worksheet on Optical Instruments Topic." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni 11, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v11i2.12603.

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be taught in the learning process. This difficulty can be overcome by using learning media in the learning process. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of a guided-inquiry Electronic Student Worksheet based on SSI on the topic of optical instruments. The method used in this research is Research and Development (RD) with 4D steps. At the define stage, it is done by studying literature and conducting short interviews with one physics teacher, design stage contains for lesson plans and electronic student worksheets; the developmentstage contains product validation activities by four experts and preliminary field testing by 23 students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 4 Yogyakarta, dissemination stage contains product distribution. The results of this study are 1) the SSI-based guided-inquiry Electronic Student Worksheet was developed by the objectives, context, and visual aspects, 2) the lesson plan and also the Electronic Student Worksheet are in the very valid category and can be used in the range of 93.75%-100%, and 3) The results of the preliminary field testing are in the valid category, with a range of 77.17%-79-35%. The conclusion is that the Product produced in this study was declared feasible. Hence, the implication of this research is that the resulting product can be used later by the teacher to help the learning process of the optical instrument topic.

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Mousa, Mohammed Abbas, Mustafasanie M. Yussof, Thulfiqar S. Hussein, Lateef N. Assi, and SeyedAli Ghahari. "A Digital Image Correlation Technique for Laboratory Structural Tests and Applications: A Systematic Literature Review." Sensors 23, no. 23 (November 23, 2023): 9362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23239362.

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Digital image correlation (DIC) is an optical technique used to measure surface displacements and strains in materials and structures. This technique has demonstrated significant utility in structural examination and monitoring. This manuscript offers a comprehensive review of the contemporary research and applications that have leveraged the DIC technique in laboratory-based structural tests. The reviewed works encompass a broad spectrum of structural components, such as concrete beams, columns, pillars, masonry walls, infills, composite materials, structural joints, steel beams, slabs, and other structural elements. These investigations have underscored the efficacy of DIC as a metrological instrument for the precise quantification of surface deformation and strain in these structural components. Moreover, the constraints of the DIC technique have been highlighted, especially in scenarios involving extensive or complex test configurations. Notwithstanding these constraints, the effectiveness of the DIC methodology has been validated as a strain measurement instrument, offering numerous benefits such as non-invasive operation, full-field measurement capability, high precision, real-time surveillance, and compatibility with integration into other measurement instruments and methodologies.

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Soekarman, Soekarman. "Efektifitas Pembelajaran Berbasis Inquiry Melalui Implementasi Modeling Instruction pada Materi Alat Optik." Jurnal Paedagogy 8, no. 4 (October 5, 2021): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jp.v8i4.4129.

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This study aims to analyze inquiry-based learning through the implementation of modeling instruction on optical instrument materials. This research method used quantitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were students of class XI IPA SMAN 2 Donggo. The collection technique includes observation, literature review, questionnaire, test and documentation. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptively quantitatively, among the research data to be analyzed are: student activities, learning outcomes, and student responses to ongoing learning. The results of this study include: 1) Student activity obtained a score of 74.58% or good category, 2) Inquiry learning with Modeling Instruction on optical instrument material can actually improve students' understanding with an N-gain score of 1.3 points or very high category. high, 3) Student responses to learning obtained a score of 84.37% or very interesting category. Based on the results of the study, it was found that through Inquiry learning with Modeling Instruction on Optical Instruments material, it can be used as an alternative to improve the quality of learning in class, especially in Physics subjects.

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Soekarman, Soekarman. "Efektifitas Pembelajaran Berbasis Inquiry Melalui Implementasi Modeling Instruction pada Materi Alat Optik." Jurnal Paedagogy 8, no. 4 (October 5, 2021): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jp.v8i4.4129.

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This study aims to analyze inquiry-based learning through the implementation of modeling instruction on optical instrument materials. This research method used quantitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were students of class XI IPA SMAN 2 Donggo. The collection technique includes observation, literature review, questionnaire, test and documentation. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptively quantitatively, among the research data to be analyzed are: student activities, learning outcomes, and student responses to ongoing learning. The results of this study include: 1) Student activity obtained a score of 74.58% or good category, 2) Inquiry learning with Modeling Instruction on optical instrument material can actually improve students' understanding with an N-gain score of 1.3 points or very high category. high, 3) Student responses to learning obtained a score of 84.37% or very interesting category. Based on the results of the study, it was found that through Inquiry learning with Modeling Instruction on Optical Instruments material, it can be used as an alternative to improve the quality of learning in class, especially in Physics subjects.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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Zhang, Hongping. "Image quality metrics for visual optical Instruments /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11217.

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Baumhammer, Megan. "Optical Instruments and the Early Modern Imagination." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11708.

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This thesis recontextualizes seventeenth century instruments. I explore their meaning through the ways in which they were discussed and thought about in contemporary texts, both scientific and literary: the imaginative treatment of the telescope through Kepler’s 1610 work Dissertatio cum Nuncio Sidereo and Milton’s Paradise Lost (1667); the microscope through Hooke’s Micrographia (1665). I pay particular attention to the role that the interaction between text and image has in the creation of meaning in this key work of the Royal Society. I argue that these instruments of the seventeenth century had a specific role to play in the imagination of the time: that optical instruments and the view through them enabled those who used them, and read about them, to imagine in new ways. The instruments became metaphors for seeing more clearly, more deeply, or further. However, the telescope has entered the cultural imagination about the early modern period in a unique and different way. For critics of modernity such as Arendt or Heidegger, instruments are integral to a disenchantment narrative of modernity. Far from alienating or estranging the human observer, I show that for these authors in the seventeenth century the imagination was central to the understanding of instruments and their use, and they, on their part, came to enhance and reshape it.

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Moneyhun, Sara E. "Optical pyrometry for noncontact temperature measurement." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020330/.

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Jackson, Joshua D. "Optical vehicular tracking system." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009p/jackson.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009.
Additional advisors: Thomas C. Jannett, David Pan, Gregg L. Vaughn, Percy F. Wang. Description based on contents viewed June 2, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72).

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Barry, Laura Pass. "Optical Instruments Used with Prints in the Eighteenth Century." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626436.

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Yu, Xing Jie. "Optical components for LCOS projectors /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202004%20YU.

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Wang, Gaoxuan. "Development of photonic instruments for measurement of aerosol optical properties." Thesis, Littoral, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018DUNK0470.

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À cause de leur diffusion et de leur absorption des radiations solaires, les aérosols atmosphériques jouent un rôle important dans l'évolution du climat terrestre. Les techniques de mesure actuelles apportent certes, des connaissances, sur le forçage radiatif mais les résultats possèdent généralement de larges incertitudes, souvent du même ordre de grandeur que la valeur elle-même. Ces incertitudes sont causées par le manque de précision sur les données liées aux propriétés optiques estimées de ces aérosols (comme l'absorption, la diffusion ou l'extinction). Elles découlent principalement des techniques de mesures actuelles : à l'effet de chargement des filtres (lors de mesures classiques par filtres), aux mesures limitées par l'étendue spectrale des instruments, aux conditions d'échantillonnage différents lors de mesures séparées, etc. Dans ce travail de thèse, j'ai développé puis testé des instruments optiques et électroniques dans le but d'augmenter la précision des mesures des coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption des aérosols. (1) Deux spectrophones PhotAccoustique (PA) sont développés afin d'améliorer les mesures d'absorption des aérosols grâce à des mesures directes et sans filtres. Une première génération utilisant un rayonnement à 444 nm permet de réduire les incertitudes de mesure de 20-30% (obtenue par la technique d'échantillonnage par filtres) à 7,4% et 4,6% pour la détermination des coefficients d'absorption massique du carbone suie et de cendres volcaniques, respectivement. Transformé en spectrophone PA à multi-longueurs d'onde opérant conjointement à 444,532 et 660 nm, il permet alors de caractériser la dépendance spectrale du Coefficient d'Absorption d'Ångström (CAA). Les valeurs du CAA du carbone suie sont en accord avec les résultats publiés. Celles obtenues lors de l'analyse de deux échantillons de cendres volcaniques résultant de l'éruption du Eyjafjallajökull sont similaires au CAA du carbone brun,prouvent la présence d'importantes quantités d'éléments organiques. (2) Un extinctiomètre, basé sur le principe de la spectroscopie d'absorption en cavité à source large bande et incohérente (IBBCEAS), est ensuite développé afin de suivre l'évolution des propriétés optiques d'Aérosols Organiques Secondaires (AOS) produits par la photolyse du 2-nitrophénol dans une chambre de simulation atmosphérique de l'University College de Cork (Irlande). Leurs coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption sont suivis par cet extinctiomètre et un spectrophone PA durant tout le processus de production. Les évolutions des propriétés optiques des AOS confirment l'effet du vieillissement atmosphérique. (3) Une nouvelle architecture de détection synchrone est développé afin de rendre notre prototype plus léger, plus compact, mieux adapté aux applications in situ et plus particulièrement aux drones, techniques émergentes qui permettent de caractériser le profil vertical des aérosols dans l'atmosphère. Cette détection synchrone innovante, évaluée lors de la mesure de la concentration de NO₂ ambiant (niveau de concentration de quelques ppbv) possède une précision et une reproductibilité de mesures comparable à la détection synchrone SR830, commercialisée par la société Stanford Research Inc. L'évaluation précise de l'impact climatique des aérosols nécessite une quantification exacte et non biaisée de leurs propriétés optiques. À ce jour, elle reste un défi majeur dans la recherche sur les sciences de l'atmosphère et du changement climatique. Ainsi, des informations sur la taille des particules (liée à l'absorption sélective en longueur d'onde) nécessitent des mesures étendues sur de larges régions spectrales du rayonnement solaire principale. Le développement d'un albédomète large bande à haute précision, dédié à la mesure simultanée des coefficients d'extinction et d'absorption des aérosols est en cours
Atmospheric aerosols are known to play an important role in earth climate by scattering and absorbing solar radiation. However, the aerosol radiative forcing effect is still known with large uncertainties (almost equal to the magnitude of the aerosol radiative forcing). The uncertainties are mainly caused by inaccurate estimates of aerosol optical properties (such as its absorption, scattering and extinction coefficients) using the currently available measurement techniques, with result in filter loading effect in classic filter technique, the uncertainty due to different sampling conditions for separate measurements of aerosol optical properties in combination of different techniques or due to the measurements at limited spectral wavelength ranges. My PhD work was carried out on the developments and applications of optical and electronic instruments for accurate measurements of aerosol extinction and absorption coefficient : (1) Photoacoustic spectrophones were developed for filter-free direct measurements of aerosol absorption with high accuracy. Measurements uncertainties down to about 7.4% and 4.6% (compared to about 20-30% in filter-based measurements) were achieved for the determination of mass absorption coefficients of black carbon and volcanic ash samples, respectively, using a single-wavelength PA spectrophone operating at 444 nm. A 3-wavelength PA spectrophone operating at 444,532 and 660 nm was developed and deployed for characterizing wavelength-dependent optical properties of aerosol absorption Ångström coefficient (AAC). The determined AAC of black carbon was well consistent with the previously reported value. Our AAC values of two volcanic ash samples from 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull, similar to the AAC of brown carbon, indicated abundant organic compounds in the volcanic ash samples. The developed multi-wavelength PA spectrophone was tested and validated in an intensive field campaign measurements of environmental particles in Grenoble (France). Side-by-side inter-comparison measurements using an aethalometer showed a lineat correlation of the measured aerosol absorption coefficients from both instruments. (2) An extinctiometer based on IBBCEAS was developed for study of optical properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) produced from photolysis of 2-nitrophenol in an atmospheric simulation chamber at University College Cork (Ireland). Simultaneous monitoring of the SOA extinction and absorption (in conjuction with a PA spectrophone) coefficients was performed during its whole production process, the measured evolutions of the SOA optical properties highlighted the atmospheric aging effect. (3) In order to render optical sensor lightweight and suitable for field applications, in particular for the newly emerging unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications, a novel architecture of lock-in amplifier (LIA) was proposed and developed in the framework of this Phd Research. The novel LIA, evaluated with an inter-comparison measurement of ambient NO₂ at the ppbv concentration level, shows an identical performance (in terms of measurements accuracy and precision) as the widely used commercial LIA (SR830, Stanford Research Inc.), while using a simplified and lightweight hardware architecture. Evaluation of the aerosol impact on climate requires accurate and unbiased quantification of the its wavelength-dependent optical properties over a wide spectral region of the major solar radiation, which can provide information on particle size (due to the wavelength dependence of scattering by fine particles) as well as insights on aerosol chemical composition (because of its wavelength selective absorption). To date, it is still a key challenge in atmospheric science and climate change research. Development of a broadband aerosol albedometer is ongoing, which is dedicated to simultaneous measurements of aerosol extinction and absorption coefficients with high-accuracy and high-precision

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Hui, Jeremy R. (Jeremy Ryan) 1977. "Optical tweezers using the Texas Instruments' Digital Micromirror Device(tm)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86699.

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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Jeremy R. Hui.
M.Eng.and S.B.

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McGee, P. K. "Optical studies in high-energy astrophysics /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm14485.pdf.

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Garner, Harry Douglas Jr. "Development of a grating interferometer for non-contact relative displacement measurement." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17086.

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Books on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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C, O'Shea Donald, and Thompson Brian J, eds. Selected papers on optomechanical design: A compilation of outstanding papers from the world literature on optical and optoelectronic science, engineering, and technology. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE-the International Society for Optical Engineering, 1988.

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J, Jennings Terry. Light. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1996.

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Levine, Shar. The optics book: Fun experiments with light, vision & color. New York: Sterling Pub. Co., 1998.

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Jacobson, Ryan. How telescopes, binoculars, and microscopes work. Mankato, Minn: Child's World, 2012.

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Reeves-Stevens, Garfield. Space: Where is it? Toronto: Gage, 1990.

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Reeves-Stevens, Garfield. Space: What makes it look closer? Toronto: Gage, 1990.

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S, Dreyfuss Mark, ed. The finest instruments ever made: A bibliography of medical, dental, optical, and pharmaceutical company trade literature, 1700-1939. Arlington, Mass: Medical History Pub. Associates I, 1986.

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Bal, Mieke. Images littéraires ou comment lire visuellement Proust. Montreal: XYZ Editeur, 1997.

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Bal, Mieke. Images littéraires, ou, Comment lire visuellement Proust. Montreál: XYZ éditeur, 1997.

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Levine, Shar. The optics book: Fun experiments with light, vision & color. New York: Sterling Pub. Co., 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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Young, Matt. "Optical Instruments." In Optics and Lasers, 27–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02697-7_3.

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Keighley, H. J. P., F. R. McKim, A. Clark, and M. J. Harrison. "Optical Instruments." In Mastering Physics, 160–63. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86062-3_17.

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Young, Matt. "Optical Instruments." In Optics and Lasers, 19–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-37456-5_2.

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Keighley, H. J. P., F. R. McKim, A. Clark, and M. J. Harrison. "Optical Instruments." In Mastering Physics, 160–63. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08849-2_17.

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Schmidtmann, Gunnar. "Optical Instruments." In Clinical Vision Science, 77–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35340-7_5.

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Demtröder, Wolfgang. "Optical Instruments." In Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics, 331–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02291-4_11.

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Young, Matt. "Optical Instruments." In Optics and Lasers, 31–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04260-1_3.

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Sateesh Kumar, Ch, M. Muralidhar Singh, and Ram Krishna. "Optical Characterization Instruments." In Advanced Materials Characterization, 99–105. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003340546-11.

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Boccara, Claude, and Arnaud Dubois. "Optical Coherence Tomography." In Optics in Instruments, 101–23. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118574386.ch3.

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Velzel, Chris. "Optical Instruments (Paraxial Approximation)." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 25–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8685-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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Chiou, E. W., M. P. McCormick, L. R. McMaster, and W. P. Chu. "An Interim Reference Model for the Clear-Sky Relative Humidity Between 6km and 16km Determined from SAGE II Observations." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1990.tud10.

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Water vapor is the most important variable component of the atmosphere. It is one of the key factors shaping the weather and climate. Several major compilations of climatological water vapor distributions have now appeared in the literature (Oort , 1983; Crutcher, 1969; Newell et al., 1973). These analysis have been based largely on radiosonde measurements. Since standard radiosonde instruments do not provide reliable water vapor values above 10km, there is still very limited information on the water vapor behavior above mid troposphere.

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McElroy, C. T., J. B. Kerr, D. I. Wardle, L. J. B. McArthur, G. M. Shah, M. Garneau, S. G. MacLean, et al. "SPEAM-I Observations of High-Altitude Ozone from STS 41-G." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1991.pdp3.

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The Sunphotometer Earth Atmosphere Measurement (SPEAM-I) experiment was flown on the United States Space Shuttle Challenger in October, 1984 as part of a group of Canadian experiments referred to as CANEX-I. Measurements of the solar intensity were made through the orbiter side-hatch window at various wavelengths in the visible and near-ultraviolet during a number of terminator crossings using a hand-held, interference filter photometer. Observations at 315 and 324 nm have been analyzed to give vertical profiles of ozone at 63.34°S, 91.96°E. These profiles are compared to data from the literature. The success of this experiment points the way to the use of small instruments to make accurate but inexpensive observations of the composition of the upper atmosphere.

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Salazar-Salgado, Sara, and Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez. "Measuring Displacement Within a Transfemoral Socket Using Marker-Based Optical Tracking System: Static Tests." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72115.

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In lower limb amputees, the comfort and fit of the prosthesis determine whether the user wears or not the prosthesis, fact on which a successful rehabilitation depends. The prosthetic fit is highly related with the relative motion between the socket and the residual limb (i.e., displacement). Displacement has been measured in static and dynamic position and between several surfaces such as skin-socket, liner-socket, bone-socket using various instruments. Marker-based optical tracking system is one of the most recent instruments used for measuring displacement between the socket and the residual limb that solves many of the constraints faced by other measurement instruments. Two options have been reported on the literature for using this instrument: transparent test socket with 2D marker and definite socket with cavities and 3D marker, both facing different limitations. The objective of this study is to evaluate these two options using Marker-based optical tracking system in order to give recommendations and contribute to the use of this method on future research. Two sockets were used for the study: a transparent socket and a definite socket with and without cavities. Six trials were performed using both sockets with three types of markers located inside the socket: 2D circular, 3D hemisphere and 3D sphere. VICON motion capture system was used to detect the visibility of the markers at knee flexion angles (0° to 30°). The results showed that all markers were visible from 15° to 30° knee flexion in all trials. The 2D marker presented difficulty of detection on knee angles from 0° to 10°, especially on the final socket without cavities. 3D hemisphere marker was seen almost all along the knee angles. 3D-sphere marker was visible in all positions, but the relatively large size of these markers may not be adequate to measure displacement. Using the definite socket with the 2D circular and 3D hemisphere markers could be a good option to measure displacement between the residual limb and socket. Using this socket will be closer to reality than doing it on the transparent one. Additionally, the size of the 3D-hemisphere is relatively small, it may not drastically change the behavior between surfaces and as it is a 3D marker it can be better seen by the cameras. Further tests should be done with patients walking all along the path in order to assess if the markers visibility is the same on static and dynamic trials.

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Salazar-Salgado, Sara, and Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez. "Displacement of the Residual Limb Within Transfemoral Sockets: A Literature Review." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23416.

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Abstract According to the World Health Organization and the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics, between 0.5 to 0.8 percent of the global population has suffered limb amputations. In the last years, Colombia, Angola, Afghanistan, and Chechenia are the countries that have held the first places with the highest amount of landmine victims. In Colombia, this weapon has left more than 10.000 affected people, many of which have suffered traumatic lower limb amputation To recover some of the lost function, amputees are generally prescribed with a prosthesis. However, the adaptation of the user with this element depends on the comfort felt when using it and consequently, on the fit between the socket and the residual limb. The fit between these two elements is highly influenced by the relative motion between them (i.e. displacement, slip). Both excess of displacement or complete absence, have several negative consequences for the amputee. Thus, measuring displacement could be an important indicator of the quality of the socket and the suspension system, and could provide critical information to improve surgical interventions, the prescription of prosthetic elements and the design and development of new prosthetic components. Several authors have investigated this topic; however, the studies have been mostly conducted on transtibial amputees. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the gathered information about the displacement between the socket and residual limb in transfemoral amputees. A computer-aided systematic literature search was performed by two independent reviewers using three databases. The selected papers were evaluated with regards to: sample characteristics, displacement measurement instrument, measured activity, displacement axis, surfaces in contact, type of socket and type of suspension system used. Most of the studies were performed on less than five individuals with mature residual limbs and trauma caused amputation. The most common aspects of displacement were: imaging techniques (measurement instrument), gait (measured activity), vertical direction (displacement axis), bone/socket (surfaces in contact), quadrilateral (type of socket) and suction-based (suspension system). The optimal range of motion is still unknown for transfemoral amputees. A marker-based optical tracking system is promising for research purposes, while electronic sensors would be optimal for clinical use. Volume change may be an indirect and, more straightforward option to measure displacement. Further research is needed to determine the effect of using a modified socket, to find a way to measure relative motion inside the socket using marker-based optical tracking systems and to define the influence of subject-specific characteristics in the amount of displacement. A better understanding of what happens inside the socket helps to optimize prosthetic designs and to improve the amputee’s quality of life.

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Eger, D., M. A. Arbore, M. M. Fejer, and M. L. Bortz. "Two-color Photorefractivity in LiNbO3 Waveguides." In Nonlinear Optics: Materials, Fundamentals and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1996.ntua.7.

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Short wavelength coherent light sources are required for applications such as process monitors and fluorescence based instruments. QPM waveguides can be used to frequency double GaAlAs diode laser output for this purpose. However the efficiency of chemically poled waveguides of different ferroelectric crystals such as LiNbC3, LiTaO3 and KTiOPO4 degrade as the generated wavelength approaches the UV spectral range. The degradation is characterized by a decrease in the peak doubling efficiency, broadening of the QPM curve and reduction in the IR transmissivity of the waveguide. The damage increases with the intensity of the SH wave, limiting the power which can be generated by these waveguides. There is limited information in the literature on the degradation mechanism. The presence of the two waves in the waveguides and the strong variation of the SH power along the waveguide give rise to complex dependence of the output power with time, input IR power and wavelength that is difficult to characterize with SHG measurements alone.

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Mouaze, D., F. Murzyn, and J. R. Chaplin. "Turbulence at Free Surface in Hydraulic Jumps." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56077.

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In the context of recent work by Brocchini & Peregrine [1,2], this paper aims to document free surface profiles, and turbulence length scales in hydraulic jumps with Froude numbers between 1.98 and 4.82. Although information on bubble size, frequency and velocities in hydraulic jumps is available in the literature, there is not much data on the features of the free surface, or on mixing layer thickness. In the present case, measurements at the free surface have been realized with two miniature resistive wire gauges each comprising two parallel 50 micron diameter wires with a separation of 1mm. These instruments were calibrated dynamically over a range of frequencies up to 20 Hz. Furthermore optical probes were used to measure properties of the air phase within the jump, including void fractions (up to 98%). The present results extend the range of Froude numbers for which two-phase measurements in hydraulic jumps are available, and, in most respects, confirm earlier results obtained with different experimental techniques. Length scales at the free surface are deduced from cross-correlation analysis of wire gauge measurements, and are compared with similar data obtained from images of the surface.

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Chrisp, Michael P. "Microspacecraft optical instruments." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.fl.1.

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Liang, Lihui, Qiuhua Wan, Lili Qi, Jinqin He, Yingcai Du, and Xinran Lu. "The design of composite optical encoder." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274473.

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Li, Changjun, Qingfu Xu, Mingzhu Jiang, and Shangsong Chen. "Correspondence optical fiber automatic monitoring system development." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2009.5274328.

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Pan Yuan and Cheng Hongtao. "Hyper-field of view monitoring optical system." In Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi.2011.6037957.

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Reports on the topic "Optical instruments in literature"

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Seroa da Motta, Ronaldo. Application of Economic Instruments for Environmental Management: From Theoretical to Practical Constraints: Literature Review and Conceptual Notes. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006683.

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This presentation was commissioned by the Environment Network of the Regional Policy Dialogue for the II Hemispheric Meeting celebrated on February 25th and 26th, 2003. Three distinct criteria: Achievement of the optimal use level: to maximize social welfare achieving an optimum use/pollution level. Improvement of cost-effectiveness: to minimize social costs at a certain use/pollution target. Generation of revenue: to raise enough revenue to meet a certain budget requirement.

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Davis, Russ E., Jeffrey T. Sherman, James K. Bishop, and Casey Moore. Autonomous Bio-Optical Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627706.

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Davis, Russ E., and Jeffrey T. Sherman. Autonomous Bio-Optical Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629110.

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Mazel, Charles. Diver-Operated Instruments for In-Situ Measurement of Optical Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630463.

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Yoon, Howard W., and Raghu N. Kacker. Guidelines for Radiometric Calibration of Electro-Optical Instruments for Remote Sensing. National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.hb.157.

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Hsieh, David. Instruments for Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging of Correlated Spin-Orbit Phases. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618983.

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Pacheco, A., A. Bannari, K. Staenz, and H. McNairn. LAI Measurements in White Beans and Corn Canopies with Two Optical Instruments. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/219917.

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Datla, R. U., J. P. Rice, K. Lykke, B. C. Johnson, J. J. Butler, and X. Xiong. Best practice guidelines for pro-launch characterization and calibration of instruments for passive optical remote sensing. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7637.

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Wendt-Lucas, Nicola. Implementing Electric Aviation: Critical Factors and Relevant Policy Instruments. Nordregio, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/wp2023:3.1403-2511.

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The Nordic countries have ambitious plans to turn electric aviation into a reality in the Nordic countries in the near future. This working paper describes some critical factors which might pose a challenge to the further development and establishment of low and zero emission aviation in the Nordic countries. A special focus will be placed on purely electric aviation solutions. The publication is based on a literature review comprising first and foremost reports that have been published in recent years in the Nordic countries, resulting from in-depth studies on low and zero emission aviation in the region. It further presents possible policy instruments which could serve the creation of a Nordic policy framework to help address the identified challenges and support the implementation of electric aviation and other solutions in the Nordic countries.

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Zhou, Guantong. A brief literature review on recent progress in nanopore thin film-based optical sensors. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-12.

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