Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optimisation du processus de conception'
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Brandy, Anthony. "optimisation d'un processus de conception par quantification de l'usage." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0018.
Full textThe medical devices make up a specific group beside classical products by their actions on the patients’ health. By this indication, the use of such devices potentially induces risk on the patients’ health especially in case of failure or misuse. These products may be used by a large target of users themselves or assisted. This diversity in terms of references and possible use, combined to the critical aspect of these products implies a significant taking into account of the user and usability during the product design. This is all the more important because as the medical devices form a very innovative industrial sector linked to the technological advances. These developments need to be adapted to the users who do not have always all the knowledge needed to their use. Nevertheless, while the framework (standards and regulations) emphasis on the need to take into account the user, this approach is little implemented by the companies which are, for a large part, SME’s with limited resources. At the same time, some weaknesses about the tools and methods in matter of use analysis are present. Moreover, this approach collides with barriers induced by design habits, multidisciplinary context and constraints related to the medical field. In the aim to give a realistic industrial answer to implement the user into the design process, a quantification tool of usability was developed. This tool draws on measurement methods and dedicated results presentation towards designers and General Public. From the experimentations, the proposed index appeared consistent against a gold standard index (SUS) and adds more details in the results (tasks, panel priority about usability components). These feedbacks showed a high understanding level of this tool and a significant interest by the designers but also the General Public. In addition, the experimentations highlighted the positive contribution of the proposed tool in the design team communication but also in the design choice by implementing usability approach including the upstream phases, especially in creativity
Groff, Arnaud. "Optimisation de l'innovation par l'élaboration d'un processus de créativité industrielle : cas de l'industrie automobile." Paris, ENSAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENAM0012.
Full textToday, the complexity and the competitiveness of markets ask to the companies to favour the innovation. This innovation is the optimal fruit of the collaboration of the actors of the design, so multi-field they are. Now in the automotive sector the oligopolistique nature of the market obliges the builders to go to the optimization of the innovation to survive. We thus worked on this problem in the automotive sector by adopting an at the same moment organizational approach (professions) and procedural (actions). Having made a state of the art concerning the innovation in industrial environment, our positioning in search-action with a big automotive group allowed us to advance the problem of optimization of the activity of creativity in the process of design as being a major source of gain in innovation in the automotive environment. These research works thus have for object to formalize the organization and the management of the activity of search for creative and innovative solutions in design of manufactured goods. The final goal being to optimize the innovation in design of products by improving the efficiency and the equivalence of the work between the team's projects and the services creativity-innovation. We thus advanced the problem of integration of the activity of creativity in the process of design as being a major source of gain in innovation in the automotive environment. Our hypotheses and our experimental works then allowed us to elaborate a Process of Industrial Creativity and its tool of piloting to integrate the complexity of the professions and the innovation and so, answer our problem
Today, the complexity and the competitiveness of markets ask to the companies to favour the innovation the optimal fruit of collaboration actors of the design, so multi-fied they are. Now in the automotive sector the oligopolistique nature of the market obliges the builders to go to the optimization of the innovation to survive. We thus worked on this problem in the automotive sector by adopting an at the same moment organizational approach (professions) and procedural (actions). Having made a state of the art concerning the innovation in industrial environment, our positioning in search-action with a big automotive group allowed us to advance the problem of optimization of the activity of creativity in the process of design as being as being a major source of gain in innovation in the automotive environment. These research works thus have for object to formalize the organization and management of the activity of search for creative and innovation solutions in design of manufactured goods. The final goal being to optimize the innovation in design products by improving the efficiency and equivalence of the work between the team’s projects and the services creativity-innovation. We thus advanced the problem of integration of the activity of creativity in process of design as being a major source of gain in innovation in the automotive environment. Our hypotheses and our experimental works then allowed us to elaborate a process of industrial creativity and its tool of piloting to integrate the complexity of the professions and the innovation and so, answer our problem
Ouazène, Yassine. "Maîtrise des systèmes industriels : optimisation de la conception des lignes de production." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0025/document.
Full textDuring the design phase of a production system, all functional and technological alternatives should be explored in order to propose the best possible solutions. This often results in a combination of several sub-problems such as: selection of pieces of equipments from a set of candidate solutions for each manufacturing operation, dimensioning and allocation of buffers and storage areas, balancing workload among the different workstations, the specification of the type and capacity of the material handling system and the layout of equipments which consists of determining which workstations should be adjacent to each other and how they should be connected.In this context, we were interested in performance evaluation and optimization of serial production lines which are very common in high volume production systems.We have proposed a new analytical method, known as « Equivalent Machines Method» to evaluate the production line throughput. This method has the advantages to be more accurate and faster than the existing approaches in the literature.We have also established the relevance of this method for evaluating the production rate of series-parallel systems and other serial lines with machines having multiple failure modes.We have also developed a new algorithm based on nonlinear programming approach to solve the buffer allocation problem
Ramirez, serrano Oscar. "Optimisation et pilotage du processus d’innovation de medicalex : application aux implants orthopédiques sur mesure." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0080/document.
Full textFor a majority of companies, innovation has become an essential element of corporate sustainability.However, during the product development phase the designer is forced to make decisions on design. These decisions subsequently have a strong impact on the acceptability of the products by the market. Orthopaedics implants design is no exception.The aim of this thesis is to show that it is possible to integrate, in the early phases of the orthopaedic implant development process, a tool for decision-making; in choosing concepts that incorporate technical, medical, surgical and economic criteria. The goal is to reduce the risk for the patient but also reduce the risk of commercial failure.The first part of this document focuses on analysing the context of this study, particularly for medical devices. Following this, the state of the art studies the various innovation processes and more specifically, the design process of medical orthopaedic implants. This work forced us to question and analyse evaluation methods for potential innovations available in the scientific literature, and integrate them into the implant sector.From this analysis, a question emerged lying at the heart of our research: how to design innovative implants with a low level of risk (clinical risk, default risk, risk of use)?The answer to this question has resulted in the proposal of a new tool for decision-making (Hypothesis 1) integrated within upstream phases of a suitable decision process (Hypothesis 2) for developing implants. These were then checked and validated in three experiments that resulted in the development of orthopaedic implants that were successfully inserted into patients
Waycaster, Garrett. "Stratégies d'optimisation par modélisation explicite des différents acteurs influençant le processus de conception." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30122/document.
Full textThe commercial success or failure of engineered systems has always been significantly affected by their interactions with competing designs, end users, and regulatory bodies. Designs which deliver too little performance, have too high a cost, or are deemed unsafe or harmful will inevitably be overcome by competing designs which better meet the needs of customers and society as a whole. Recent efforts to address these issues have led to techniques such as design for customers or design for market systems. In this dissertation, we seek to utilize a game theory framework in order to directly incorporate the effect of these interactions into a design optimization problem which seeks to maximize designer profitability. This approach allows designers to consider the effects of uncertainty both from traditional design variabilities as well as uncertain future market conditions and the effect of customers and competitors acting as dynamic decision makers. Additionally, we develop techniques for modeling and understanding the nature of these complex interactions from observed data by utilizing causal models. Finally, we examine the complex effects of safety on design by examining the history of federal regulation on the transportation industry. These efforts lead to several key findings; first, by considering the effect of interactions designers may choose vastly different design concepts than would otherwise be considered. This is demonstrated through several case studies with applications to the design of commercial transport aircraft. Secondly, we develop a novel method for selecting causal models which allows designers to gauge the level of confidence in their understanding of stakeholder interactions, including uncertainty in the impact of potential design changes. Finally, we demonstrate through our review of regulations and other safety improvements that the demand for safety improvement is not simply related to ratio of dollars spent to lives saved; instead the level of personal responsibility and the nature and scale of potential safety concerns are found to have causal influence on the demand for increased safety in the form of new regulations
Aoues, Younes. "Optimisation fiabiliste de la conception et de la maintenance des stuctures." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726003.
Full textMogenot, Yann. "Stratégie d’optimisation des procédés d’assemblage et de fabrication dans le processus de réduction de poids du châssis d’un véhicule roadster." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11503.
Full textAoues, Younes. "Optimisation fiabiliste de la conception et de la maintenance des structures." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF21908.
Full textLahonde, Nathalie. "Optimisation du processus de conception : proposition d'un modèle de sélection des méthodes pour l'aide à la décision." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00566196.
Full textJeanne, Guillaume. "Optimisation de la conception de bioprocédés : vers une approche intégrée biologie de synthèse et conduite du procédé." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC064/document.
Full textThe design of efficient strains forthe production of compounds of interest offerstremendous potentials that remain insufficientlyexploited due to the lack of link between theoptimization stages of strain design and that ofbioprocess control.This thesis proposes a description of bioprocessesthat fully integrates the internal functioningof micro-organisms involved in the productionof compounds of interest. This descriptionallows the strain and process to be optimizedsimultaneously to maximize the productionof a compound of interest while respecting theconstraints attached to these two stages.First, a new bioprocess modelling class is developedat the interface between intracellular resourceallocation models and macroscopic modelscommonly used in bioprocess control. In asecond stage, constraints linked to the biologicalimplementation of the control strategy are integratedinto the problem. This provides a morerealistic genome engineering design. Finally, thelast part of the thesis shows that the methodologypresented so far on an aggregate model canbe extended to detailed representations of thebehaviour of micro-organisms
Benabid, Yacine. "Contribution à l’amélioration du processus de conception des produits innovants : Développement d’outils d’aide au choix des processus." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0003/document.
Full textThe optimization of the design process is a research evolving highlighted in numerous references and business practices with the aim improving and developing new products. Our approach is a continuation of those activities that takes as its starting point the diversity of existing design processes and the difficulty of achieving a selection where adaptation. Hence our problem is summarized around a central question which we formulate as follows: how to optimize the choice of the design process subject to a constrained environment? The answer to this question is through the proposition of a tool Help in choosing which converges to the installation of a design process. This tool is three-dimensional, where the first dimension relates to the preparation of the upstream design phase, the second dimension selects a design process on a map classification and the objective of the third dimension is the identification of trades tools and methods for product development. The experimental part of our work has led us to validate the developed tool and propose how to use by designers. Optimization is achieved in our work by the proposal of a three-dimensional tool side and the other by the use of optimization algorithms for modeling tool. New avenues of research for improvement are identified and proposed for future work
Lienhardt, Bénédicte. "Modèle d'optimisation de la maintenance : application au processus de conception d'un avion." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU30010.
Full textThis thesis deals with supportability performance modeling for aircraft systems during the design phase. Supportability is the ability of a product, along with its support system, to meet and sustain airlines' operational needs. The purpose of this research is to support decision-making by system integrators accommodating supportability performance objectives. The model we developed provides supportability performance criteria to optimize system design. The objective is to find system architectures offering the best compromise between operating costs and availability. We discuss the following subjects: Choosing supportability performance criteria to drive the design towards enhanced operational performance at minimal cost for the airline; Selecting the driving factors necessary to assess the selected criteria; Defining mathematical models to enable the exploration of the cause and effect relationships between design decisions and their impact on aircraft operation and maintenance; Introducing the notion of time-value of money and discounting in supportability models; Managing input uncertainty with global sensitivity analyses
Balesdent, Mathieu. "Optimisation multidisciplinaire de lanceurs." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659362.
Full textJaafar, A. "Traitement de la mission et des variables environnementales et intégration au processus de conception systémique." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646708.
Full textMenou, Edern. "Conception d’alliages par optimisation combinatoire multiobjectifs : thermodynamique prédictive, fouille de données, algorithmes génétiques et analyse décisionnelle." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4011/document.
Full textThe present work revolves around the development of an integrated system combining a multi-objective genetic algorithm with calphad-type computational thermodynamics (calculations of phase diagrams) and data mining techniques enabling the estimation of thermochemical and thermomechanical properties of multicomponent alloys. This integration allows the quasiautonomous chemistry optimisation of complex alloys against antagonistic criteria such as mechanical and chemical resistance, high-temperature microstructural stability, and cost. Further alloy selection capability is provided by a multi-criteria decision analysis technique. The proposed design methodology is illustrated on two multicomponent alloy families. The first case study relates to the design of wrought, polycrystalline 0-hardened nickel-base superalloys intended for aerospace turbine disks or tubing applications in the energy industry. The optimisation leads to the discovery of novel superalloys featuring lower costs and higher predicted strength than Inconel 740H and Haynes 282, two state-of-the-art superalloys. The second case study concerns the so-called “high-entropy alloys” whose singular metallurgy embodies typical combinatorial issues. Following the optimisation, several high-entropy alloys are produced; preliminary experimental characterisation highlights attractive properties such as an unprecedented hardness to density ratio
Farhat, Asma. "Vapo-diffusion assistée par micro-ondes : conception, optimisation et application." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547809.
Full textKorbaa, Ouajdi Gentina Jean-Claude. "Contribution à la conception et l'optimisation des systèmes de transport et de production." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2003-265-266.pdf.
Full textIsaza, Narvaez Claudia Victoria. "Diagnostic par techniques d'apprentissage floues : conception d'une méthode de validation et d'optimisation des partitions." Toulouse, INSA, 2007. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000159/.
Full textThis work is in the field of the process diagnosis defined as the identification of process functional states. If obtaining a precise model of the process is delicate or impossible, the system knowledge can be extracted from the signals obtained during a normal or abnormal operation by including mechanisms of training. This knowledge is organized through a data space partition into clusters (representing the states of the system). Among the training techniques, those including fuzzy logic have the advantage of expressing the memberships of an individual to several classes, this makes possible to better know the real situation of the system and to envisage changes to failure states. Notwithstanding their adequate performances, their strong dependence on the initialization parameters is a difficulty for the training. This thesis proposes the improvement of these techniques, specifically our objective is the development of a method to validate and adapt automatically the partition of data space obtained by a fuzzy classification technique. This makes possible to find automatically an optimal partition in terms of clusters compactness and separation from only the membership matrix obtained by an initial classification. This method is thus an important help given to the process expert to establish the functional states in the implementation of a monitoring technique of a complex process. Its application is illustrated on academic examples and on the diagnosis of 3 chemical processes
Jaafar, Amine. "Traitement de la mission et des variables environnementales et intégration au processus de conception systémique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0070/document.
Full textThis work presents a methodological approach aiming at analyzing and processing mission profiles and more generally environmental variables (e.g. solar or wind energy potential, temperature, boundary conditions) in the context of system design. This process constitutes a key issue in order to ensure system effectiveness with regards to design constraints and objectives. In this thesis, we pay a particular attention on the use of compact profiles for environmental variables in the frame of system level integrated optimal design, which requires a wide number of system simulations. In a first part, we propose a clustering approach based on partition criteria with the aim of analyzing mission profiles. This phase can help designers to identify different system configurations in compliance with the corresponding clusters: it may guide suppliers towards “market segmentation” not only fulfilling economic constraints but also technical design objectives. The second stage of the study proposes a synthesis process of a compact profile which represents the corresponding data of the studied environmental variable. This compact profile is generated by combining parameters and number of elementary patterns (segment, sine or cardinal sine) with regards to design indicators. These latter are established with respect to the main objectives and constraints associated to the designed system. All pattern parameters are obtained by solving the corresponding inverse problem with evolutionary algorithms. Finally, this synthesis process is applied to two different case studies. The first consists in the simplification of wind data issued from measurements in two geographic sites of Guadeloupe and Tunisia. The second case deals with the reduction of a set of railway mission profiles relative to a hybrid locomotive devoted to shunting and switching missions. It is shown from those examples that our approach leads to a wide reduction of the profiles associated with environmental variables which allows a significant decrease of the computational time in the context of an integrated optimal design process
Kwassi, Elvis Daakpo. "Proposition d'une méthodologie pour l'optimisation de formes structures mécaniques." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS007.
Full textEngineering design optimization of mechanical structures is nowadays essential in the mechanical industry (automotive, aeronautics etc.). To remain competitive in the globalized world, companies need to create and design structures that in addition to complying specific mechanical performance should be less expensive with short production time. Engineers must then realize forms and shapes that are a better compromise, between mechanical and functional performance, weight, manufacturing costs etc. In this manuscript, we propose an integration of optimization process in a functional process design of a methodological point of view. It has the advantage of taking into account the integration of business knowledge needed to design the structures in the optimization process. The process can’t be properly applied only if we master the fundamentals of the optimization. This led us in a first time, to talk about the engineering design optimization of mechanical structures in general, and the algorithms used in the different disciplines available to engineers. Our proposed optimization process was completed by decision trees that allowed the engineers to make choices based on their optimization problems in foundry, plastics and stamping companies. This optimization process integrated with a functional design approach will be illustrated with industrial examples that allow us to validate our proposal and demonstrate the effectiveness of the choices from decision trees
Shraideh, Ahmad. "Analyse et optimisation d'un processus à partir d'un modèle BPMN dans une démarche globale de conception et de développement d'un processus métier : application à la dématérialisation de flux courrier du projet GOCD (PICOM)." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00579520.
Full textMesnil, Romain. "Explorations structurelles de domaines de formes constructibles pour l’architecture non-standard." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1151/document.
Full textThe last decades have seen the emergence of non-standard architectural shapes. Designers find often themselves helpless with the geometrical complexity of these objects. Furthermore, the available tools dissociate shape and structural behaviour, which adds another complication. This dissertation takes the point of view based on invariance under geometrical transformations, and studies several strategies for fabrication-aware shape modelling. Three technological constraints have been identified and correspond to three independent contributions of this thesis.The repetition of nodes is studied via transformations by parallelism. They are used to generalise surfaces of revolution. A special parametrisation of moulding surfaces is found with this method. The resulting structure has a high node congruence.Cyclidic nets are then used to model shapes parametrised by their lines of curvature. This guarantees meshing by planar panels and torsion-free beam layout. The contribution of this dissertation is the implementation of several improvements, like doubly-curved creases, a hole-filling strategy that allows the extension of cyclidic nets to complex topologies, and the generation of a generalisation of canal surfaces from two rail curves and one profile curves.Finally, an innovative method inspired by descriptive geometry is proposed to generate doubly-curved shapes covered with planar facets. The method, called marionette technique, reduces the problem to a linear problem, which can be solved in real-time. A comparative study shows that this technique can be used to parametrise shape optimisation of shell structures without loss of performance compared to usual modelling technique. The handling of fabrication constraints in shape optimisation opens new possibilities for its practical application, like gridshells or plated shell structures. The relevance of those solutions is demonstrated through multiple case-studies
Blanc, Claire-Line. "Conception et optimisation d’un procédé innovant pour la purification d’acides organiques issus de biotechnologie." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0008.
Full textThe objective of this study is to evaluate the use of preparative chromatography in the context of the elaboration and optimization of an innovative purification process of organic acids from biotechnology. Lactic and succinic acids were mainly studied. They are produced by fermentation and used in industry as additive, for a long time. They are identified as promising building blocks for green chemistry development, from renewable carbon. In particular, they are monomers for bioplastic industry. Unlike historical utilizations, this new type of application requires much higher purity levels. Those purities are currently obtained by additional purification steps, like liquid-liquid extraction, distillation and/or crystallization. We tried to evaluate if the required specifications may be reached by the implementation of preparative chromatography. For this chromatography was studied in details as unitary operation, in order to better understand separation mechanisms of studied compounds and implementation parameters. Two resin types were mainly used, a strong cationic one and a strong anionic one. Firstly, thermodynamic study of the adsorption of three organic acids in pure solution was performed. It revealed very different performances for both resins: adsorption on strong cationic resin is quite linear, whereas on strong anionic one adsorption is strongly nonlinear and fits with Langmuir model. Elution velocity influence on peak shape and so on dispersion was then studied. Column efficiency decreases linearly with elution velocity, accordingly to Van Deemter model. It was shown that the line slope was identical at lab scale and on a pilot ten times bigger. Then it may be used to predict column efficiency evolution during scale-up. Mixing solutions from synthetic or real origin were studied, to evaluate operational parameter influence on the separation, as load, feed concentration, pH… On the strong anionic resin, a first modeling was developed for experimental results. It highlighted that Langmuir type adsorption mechanism is not able to explain peak shape and position. We supposed that an ion exchange mechanism with the organic acid dissociated part may happen. This exchange may have a significant impact on peak shape and position, even if organic acids are mainly in molecular form, because of a low work pH. 4 Separations established at lab scale were validated at pilot scale in continuous chromatography ISMB. It was demonstrated that the anionic resin allows to reach a higher productivity than the cationic one, with a similar productivity. A complete purification process was tested with succinic acid, using bipolar electrodialysis acidification, reverse osmosis concentration, preparative chromatography separation with a strong anionic resin and nanofiltration discoloration. Product was then crystallized, to be compared to an industrial product. Our crystals were close to waited specifications and relatively better than the industrial ones. An additional ion exchange step could have allows to reach polymer grade. We show that chromatography is useful in an organic acid purification process, in order to reach a very high purity
Ouertani, Mohamed Zied. "DEPNET : une approche support au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances de données de conception." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163113.
Full textC'est à la gestion de ce phénomène, le conflit, que nous nous sommes intéressés dans le travail présenté dans ce mémoire, et plus particulièrement à la gestion de conflits par négociation. Nous proposons l'approche DEPNET (product Data dEPendencies NETwork identification and qualification) pour supporter au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances entre les données. Ces données échangées et partagées entre les différents intervenants sont l'essence même de l'activité de conception et jouent un rôle primordial dans l'avancement du processus de conception.
Cette approche propose des éléments méthodologiques pour : (1) identifier l'équipe de négociation qui sera responsable de la résolution de conflit, et (2) gérer les impacts de la solution retenu suite à la résolution du conflit. Une mise en œuvre des apports de ce travail de recherche est présentée au travers du prototype logiciel DEPNET. Nous validons celui-ci sur un cas d'étude industriel issu de la conception d'un turbocompresseur.
Rodriguez, Verjan Carlos. "Conception des structures de soins à domicile." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00836000.
Full textCosta, Giulio. "Design and Optimisation Methods for Structures produced by means of Additive Layer Manufacturing processes." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0035/document.
Full textThe recent development of Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) technologies has made possible new opportunities in terms of design. Complicated shapes and topologies, resulting from dedicated optimisation processes or by the designer decisions, are nowadays attainable. Generally, a Topology Optimisation (TO) step is considered when dealing with ALM structures and today this task is facilitated by commercial software packages, like Altair OptiStruct or Simulia TOSCA. Nevertheless, the freedom granted by ALM is only apparent and there are still major issues hindering a full and widespread exploitation of this technology.The first important shortcoming comes from the integration of the result of a TO calculation into a suitable CAD environment. The optimised geometry is available only in a discretised form, i.e. in terms of Finite Elements (FE), which are retained into the computational domain at the end of the TO analysis. Therefore, the boundary of the optimised geometry is not described by a geometrical entity, hence the resulting topology is not compatible with CAD software that constitutes the natural environment for the designer. A time consuming CAD-reconstruction phase is needed and the designer is obliged to make a considerable amount of arbitrary decisions. Consequently, often the resulting CAD-compatible topology does not meet the optimisation constraints.The second major restriction is related to ALM specific technological requirements that should be integrated directly within the optimisation problem formulation and not later: considering ALM specificity only as post-treatment of the TO task would imply so deep modifications of the component that the optimised configuration would be completely overturned.This PhD thesis proposes a general methodology to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. An innovative TO algorithm has been developed: it aims at providing a topology description based on purely geometric, intrinsically CAD-compliant entities. In this framework, NURBS and B-Spline geometric entities have been naturally considered and FE analyses are used only to evaluate the physical responses for the problem at hand. In particular, a NURBS/B-Spline geometric entity of dimension D+1 is used to solve the TO problem of dimension D. The D+1 coordinate of the NURBS/B-Spline entity is related to a pseudo-density field that is affected to the generic element stiffness matrix; according to the classical penalisation scheme employed in density-based TO methods.The effectiveness of this approach has been tested on some 2D and 3D benchmarks, taken from literature. The use of NURBS entities in the TO formulation significantly speeds up the CAD reconstruction phase for 2D structures and exhibits a great potential for 3D TO problems. Further, it is proven that geometrical constraints, like minimum and maximum length scales, can be effectively and consistently handled by means of the proposed approach. Moreover, special geometric constraints (not available in commercial tools), e.g. on the local curvature radius of the boundary, can be formulated thanks to the NURBS formulation as well. The robustness of the proposed methodology has been tested by taking into account other mechanical quantities of outstanding interest in engineering, such as buckling loads and natural frequencies.Finally, in spite of the intrinsic CAD-compliant nature of the NURBS-based TO algorithm, some support tools have been developed in order to perform the curve and surface fitting in a very general framework. The automatic curve fitting has been completely developed and an original algorithm is developed for choosing the best values of the NURBS curve parameters, both discrete and continuous. The fundamentals of the method are also discussed for the more complicated surface fitting problem and ideas/suggestions for further researches are provided
Ouattara, Adama. "Méthodologie d'éco-conception de procédés par optimisation multiobjectif et aide à la décision multicritère." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0055/document.
Full textThis study aims at the development of a design methodology for eco-efficient processes, meaning that ecological and economic considerations are taken into account simultaneously at the preliminary design phase of chemical processes. The environmental aspect is quantified by using of a set of indicators following the guidelines of sustainability concepts. The design framework is based on a modelling approach considering both process and utility production units, since the environmental impact of a chemical process not only contains the material involved in the process but also the energy consumption, the effect of flow recycle, material conversion and so on... For this purpose, a decision support tool dedicated to the management of plant utilities (steam, electricity, water...) and pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, etc..), (ARIANETM package) was coupled to process modelling and used here both to compute the primary energy requirements of the process and to quantify its pollutant emissions. Both models were thus integrated in an outer multiobjective optimization loop, based on a variant of the so-called NSGA-II (Non Sorted Genetic Algorithm) multiobjective genetic algorithm. The trade-off between economic and environmental objectives is illustrated through the generation of Pareto fronts. The selection of the best design alternatives is performed through the use of multicriteria analysis. The well-known benchmark process for hydrodealkylation (HDA) of toluene to produce benzene, revisited here in a multi-objective mode, is used to illustrate the usefulness of the approach in finding environmentally friendly and cost-effective designs
Mcharek, Mehdi. "Gestion des connaissances pour la conception collaborative et l’optimisation multi-physique de systèmes mécatroniques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC098/document.
Full textMechatronic products are complex and multidisciplinary in nature. The requirements to design them are often contradictory and must be validated by the various disciplinary engineering (DE) teams. To address this complexity and reduce design time, disciplinary engineers need to collaborate dynamically, resolve interdisciplinary conflicts, and reuse knowledge from previous projects. In addition, they need to work seamlessly with the Systems Engineering (SE) team to have direct access to requirements and the Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) team for global validation. We propose to use Knowledge Management techniques to structure the knowledge generated during collaboration activities and harmonize the overall design cycle. Our primary contribution is a unification approach, elaborating how SE, DE, and MDO complement each-other and can be used in synergy for an integrated and continuous design cycle. Our methodology centralizes the product knowledge necessary for collaboration. It ensures traceability of the exchange between disciplinary engineers using graph theory. This formalized process knowledge facilitates MDO problem definition
Khadem, Hamedani Behnam. "Design, Scale-up and Optimization of Double Emulsion Processes." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1097/document.
Full textDouble emulsions can nowadays be found in a number of applications in different domains, like food, cosmetics, chemicals or biochemical. In food for instance, double emulsions may allow to encapsulate flavors or reduce the fat content. Yet, the literature is still lacking a comprehensive understanding of these systems. Modelling may improve the understanding of a system and allow optimizing the operating conditions in order to improve the product quality. In these systems, the product quality is determined by the encapsulation efficiency and the inner and outer droplet size distribution, which may affect the physical stability during storage. The objective of this work is to handle theoretical and experimental investigations of the phenomena occurring during both the preparation and the storage of double emulsions. The contribution of the work can therefore be divided into two parts. First of all, investigations of the parameters affecting the preparation step of double emulsions are handled, and models are proposed to describe them. Three processes were considered for the emulsification of the double emulsions, ultrasonication, Ultra-Turrax and a stirred vessel. The model is based on a population balance model of the outer droplets, including the kernels of breakage and coalescence combined with a leakage model of the inner droplets. The leakage of inner droplets is assumed to be governed by the breakage of the outer droplets. In order to be applicable in the different processes, the breakage models were adapted to different scales of turbulence, the dissipation subrange for ultrasonication and the inertial subrange for the Ultra-Turrax. The second contribution of the work concerns the investigation of the phenomena taking place during the storage of the double emulsions, including swelling and release. In this case, two population balance models of the inner and outer droplets were considered, including the phenomena of swelling of the inner, and so of the outer, droplets as well as the escape of the inner droplets by diffusion and coalescence with the external continuous phase. The swelling model takes into account the Laplace pressure that counterbalances the osmotic pressure which is the driving force for swelling. In the different steps of preparation or storage, the developed models allow the prediction of the droplet size distributions and the release rate
Zhang, Zebin. "Intégration des méthodes de sensibilité d'ordre élevé dans un processus de conception optimale des turbomachines : développement de méta-modèles." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0047/document.
Full textThe turbomachinery optimal design usually relies on some iterative methods with either experimental or numerical evaluations that can lead to high cost due to numerous manipulations and intensive usage of CPU. In order to limit the cost and shorten the development time, the present thesis work proposes to integrate a parameterization method and the meta-modelization method in an optimal design cycle of an axial low speed turbomachine. The parameterization, realized by the high order sensitivity study of Navier-Stokes equations, allows to construct a parameterized database that contains not only the evaluations results, but also the simple and cross derivatives of objectives as a function of parameters. Enriched information brought by the derivatives are utilized during the meta-model construction, particularly by the Co-Kriging method employed to couple several databases. Compared to classical methods that are without derivatives, the economic benefit of the proposed method lies in the use of less reference points. Provided the number of reference points is small, chances are a unique point presenting at one or several dimensions, which requires a hypothesis on the error distribution. For those dimensions, the Co-Kriging works like a Taylor extrapolation from the reference point making the most of its derivatives. This approach has been experimented on the construction of a meta-model for a conic hub fan. The methodology recalls the coupling of databases based on two fan geometries and two operating points. The precision of the meta-model allows to perform an optimization with help of NSGA-2, one of the optima selected reaches the maximum efficiency, and another covers a large operating range. The optimization results are eventually validated by further numerical simulations
Quirante, Thomas. "Modelling and numerical optimization methods for decision support in robust embodiment design of products and processes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14676/document.
Full textIn order to converge as soon as possible toward the most preferable design solution, takingrobust decisions appears as a topical issue to ensure the best choices in engineering design. Inparticular, started from a selected concept, embodiment design consists in determining themain dimensioning and monitoring parameters of the system while meeting the designrequirements. The continuity of the design process between the preliminary and detailedphases strongly depends on the efficiency of the embodiment design phase in providingembodied solutions with a validated physical behaviour and an optimized functional structure.Embodiment design problems are thus generally turned toward numerical optimization. Thisrequires an accurate modelling of embodiment design problems, and in particular,investigation of large design spaces, representation and evaluation of candidate solutions anda priori formalization of preferences are topical issues.Research works presented in this thesis deal with the development of methodologies andtools to support decision making during embodiment design of industrial systems andmachines. In particular, it aims to provide designers with a convenient way to structureobjectives functions for optimization in embodiment design. This approach consists in linkingthe physical behaviour of the system to be designed, with the design criteria and objectivesthrough the modelling of designer’s preferences according to observation, interpretation andaggregation steps. Based on the concept of desirability, this modelling procedure is used toformulate design objectives and to quantify the overall level of satisfaction achieved bycandidate solutions. In the scope of robust design, this method is applied first to formulatedesign objectives related to performances, and then, to formulate design objectives related tothe sensitivity of performances. Robust design problems are thus tackled as a trade-offbetween these two design objectives. Measurement methods for performance dispersion andoriginal trade-off function specific to robust design are proposed.Finally, an application of the modelling methodology through the embodiment design of atwo-staged flash evaporator for must concentration in the wine industry is presented.Objective is to find robust design solutions, i.e. configurations with simultaneously adesirable level of performance, including the quality of the vintage, the transportability of thesystem and the costs of ownership, and a low sensitivity of some performances, namely thetemperature of the outlet product and the final alcoholic strength
Pelamatti, Julien. "Mixed-variable Bayesian optimization : application to aerospace system design." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I003.
Full textWithin the framework of complex system design, such as aircraft and launch vehicles, the presence of computationallyintensive objective and/or constraint functions (e.g., finite element models and multidisciplinary analyses)coupled with the dependence on discrete and unordered technological design choices results in challenging optimizationproblems. Furthermore, part of these technological choices is associated to a number of specific continuous anddiscrete design variables which must be taken into consideration only if specific technological and/or architecturalchoices are made. As a result, the optimization problem which must be solved in order to determine the optimalsystem design presents a dynamically varying search space and feasibility domain.The few existing algorithms which allow solving this particular type of problems tend to require a large amountof function evaluations in order to converge to the feasible optimum, and result therefore inadequate when dealingwith the computationally intensive problems which can often be encountered within the design of complex systems.For this reason, this thesis explores the possibility of performing constrained mixed-variable and variable-size designspace optimization by relying on surrogate model-based design optimization performed with the help of Gaussianprocesses, also known as Bayesian optimization. More specifically, 3 main axes are discussed. First, the Gaussianprocess surrogate modeling of mixed continuous/discrete functions and the associated challenges are extensivelydiscussed. A unifying formalism is proposed in order to facilitate the description and comparison between theexisting kernels allowing to adapt Gaussian processes to the presence of discrete unordered variables. Furthermore,the actual modeling performances of these various kernels are tested and compared on a set of analytical and designrelated benchmarks with different characteristics and parameterizations.In the second part of the thesis, the possibility of extending the mixed continuous/discrete surrogate modeling toa context of Bayesian optimization is discussed. The theoretical feasibility of said extension in terms of objective/-constraint function modeling as well as acquisition function definition and optimization is shown. Different possiblealternatives are considered and described. Finally, the performance of the proposed optimization algorithm, withvarious kernels parameterizations and different initializations, is tested on a number of analytical and design relatedtest-cases and compared to reference algorithms.In the last part of this manuscript, two alternative ways of adapting the previously discussed mixed continuous/discrete Bayesian optimization algorithms in order to solve variable-size design space problems (i.e., problemscharacterized by a dynamically varying design space) are proposed. The first adaptation is based on the paralleloptimization of several sub-problems coupled with a computational budget allocation based on the informationprovided by the surrogate models. The second adaptation, instead, is based on the definition of a kernel allowingto compute the covariance between samples belonging to partially different search spaces based on the hierarchicalgrouping of design variables. Finally, the two alternatives are tested and compared on a set of analytical and designrelated benchmarks.Overall, it is shown that the proposed optimization methods allow to converge to the various constrained problemoptimum neighborhoods considerably faster when compared to the reference methods, thus representing apromising tool for the design of complex systems
Bechara, Rami. "Methodology for the design of optimal processes : application to sugarcane conversion processes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10229/document.
Full textThe use of a systematic methodology is crucial for the design of optimal chemical processes, namely bio-processes. Multi-objective optimization of rigorous process models is therein a prime example, with extensive use in literature. This method yields a Pareto set of optimal compromise solutions, from which one optimal solution is chosen based on specific criteria. This methodology was applied, in the course of this thesis, to two studied processes. The first consisted in a distillery converting sugarcane to ethanol, combined with a sugarcane biomass combustion and power cogeneration system. The second contained an additional biomass hydrolysis system. Our first contribution deals with the construction of an organized procedure for the modeling, simulation, heat integration and equipment and capital cost estimation of chemical processes. The second contribution deals with the analysis of the optimization results through a tracking of measured variables, the fragmentation of the Pareto curve, an ordering of optimization variables, and a comparisons with literature results. The final realization deals with the selection step realized through an economic evaluation of optimal solutions for various scenarios, with the Net Present Value as the selection criterion. In conclusion, this thesis constitutes a first integral application of the said methodology. It sets, through its contributions, a stepping stone for future application in the field of chemical and biochemical processes, namely for sugarcane processes
Abi, Lahoud Elie. "Composition dynamique de services : application à la conception et au développement de systèmes d'information dans un environnement distribué." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560489.
Full textHuc, Florian. "Conception de Réseaux Dynamiques Tolérants aux Pannes." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472781.
Full textLaurent, Johann. "Estimation de la consommation dans la conception système des applications embarquées temps réel." Lorient, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00077293.
Full textSocoliuc, Michel. "Introduction et analyse des schémas de cotation en avance de phase." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00534810.
Full textHebbal, Ali. "Deep gaussian processes for the analysis and optimization of complex systems : application to aerospace system design." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI016.
Full textIn engineering, the design of complex systems, such as aerospace launch vehicles, involves the analysis and optimization of problems presenting diverse challenges. Actually, the designer has to take into account different aspects in the design of complex systems, such as the presence of black-box computationally expensive functions, the complex behavior of the optimized performance (e.g., abrupt change of a physical property here referred as non-stationarity), the multiple objectives and constraints involved, the multi-source information handling in a multi-fidelity framework, and the epistemic and aleatory uncertainties affecting the physical models. A wide range of machine learning methods are used to address these various challenges. Among these approaches, Gaussian Processes (GPs), benefiting from their Bayesian and non-parametric formulation, are popular in the literature and diverse state-of-the-art algorithms for the design of complex systems are based on these models.Despite being widely used for the analysis and optimization of complex systems, GPs, still present some limitations. For the optimization of computationally expensive functions, GPs are used within the Bayesian optimization framework as regression models. However, for the optimization of non-stationary problems, they are not suitable due to the use of a prior stationary covariance function. Furthermore, in Bayesian optimization of multiple objectives, a GP is used for each involved objective independently, which prevents the exhibition of a potential correlation between the objectives. Another limitation occurs in multi-fidelity analysis where GP-based models are used to improve high-fidelity models using low-fidelity information. However, these models usually assume that the different fidelity input spaces are identically defined, which is not the case in some design problems.In this thesis, approaches are developed to overcome the limits of GPs in the analysis and optimization of complex systems. These approaches are based on Deep Gaussian Processes (DGPs), the hierarchical generalization of Gaussian processes.To handle non-stationarity in Bayesian optimization, a framework is developed that couples Bayesian optimization with DGPs. The inner layers allow a non-parametric Bayesian mapping of the input space to better represent non-stationary functions. For multi-objective Bayesian optimization, a multi-objective DGP model is developed. Each layer of this model corresponds to an objective and the different layers are connected with undirected edges to encode the potential correlation between objectives. Moreover, a computational approach for the expected hyper-volume improvement is proposed to take into account this correlation at the infill criterion level as well. Finally, to address multi-fidelity analysis for different input space definitions, a two-level DGP model is developed. This model allows a joint optimization of the multi-fidelity model and the input space mapping between fidelities.The different approaches developed are assessed on analytical problems as well as on representative aerospace vehicle design problems with respect to state-of-the-art approaches
Binois, Mickaël. "Uncertainty quantification on pareto fronts and high-dimensional strategies in bayesian optimization, with applications in multi-objective automotive design." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMSE0805/document.
Full textThis dissertation deals with optimizing expensive or time-consuming black-box functionsto obtain the set of all optimal compromise solutions, i.e. the Pareto front. In automotivedesign, the evaluation budget is severely limited by numerical simulation times of the considered physical phenomena. In this context, it is common to resort to “metamodels” (models of models) of the numerical simulators, especially using Gaussian processes. They enable adding sequentially new observations while balancing local search and exploration. Complementing existing multi-objective Expected Improvement criteria, we propose to estimate the position of the whole Pareto front along with a quantification of the associated uncertainty, from conditional simulations of Gaussian processes. A second contribution addresses this problem from a different angle, using copulas to model the multi-variate cumulative distribution function. To cope with a possibly high number of variables, we adopt the REMBO algorithm. From a randomly selected direction, defined by a matrix, it allows a fast optimization when only a few number of variables are actually influential, but unknown. Several improvements are proposed, such as a dedicated covariance kernel, a selection procedure for the low dimensional domain and of the random directions, as well as an extension to the multi-objective setup. Finally, an industrial application in car crash-worthiness demonstrates significant benefits in terms of performance and number of simulations required. It has also been used to test the R package GPareto developed during this thesis
Rivier, Michel. "Analyse et optimisation multicritères d’un procédé de transfert thermique et de séchage pour une application en Afrique de l’Ouest." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0003.
Full textThe reinforcement of the food processing sector is recognized as a driving factor for the development of sub-Saharan African countries, faced with considerable major demographic growth accompanied by a high rate of urbanization. While the agribusiness companies generate added value locally and boost agricultural production, they find difficulties in obtaining efficient equipment and securing their energy supply.Agribusiness process design and optimization methods are still underdeveloped, due to the complexity of these systems (food composition and properties, variable and changing quality, etc.), modelling of which is not easy since it requires multidisciplinary knowledge.This work proposes to implement an integrated method, already proven in other industrial fields, the “Observation-Interpretation-Aggregation” method (OIA), and apply it to a process coupling a biomass energy conversion unit to a cereal products dryer. The bioenergy supply for drying, a very common practice in West Africa despite being energy-intensive, represents a challenge for the companies. The design of this process takes into account the various objectives such as quality of the dried product, local manufacture and the energy efficiency of the equipment, in order to guarantee better sustainability.First of all, the models for heat transfer and pressure loss associated with an innovative elliptic turbulator are created. This component is inserted into the tubes of a heat exchanger, and significantly improves heat transfer. Secondly, the process design and observation variables are defined and justified. The representation models of the various unit operations are developed and brought together in a simulator, in order to predict the process performances. Finally, the simulator is integrated into a multicriteria optimization environment able to formalize, interpret and then aggregate end user preferences. This procedure is based on a genetic algorithm. The relevance of the high-performance design solutions produced reveals the full benefit and performance of the OIA method. In this way, the designer obtains objective information on which to base their choices, and develop sustainable drying facilities for West Africa
Drouin, Christophe. "Contribution à une conception appropriée de robots médicaux : vers une démarche mécatronique." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977814.
Full textBousbia-Salah, Ryad. "Optimisation dynamique en temps-réel d’un procédé de polymérisation par greffage." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0242/document.
Full textIn a schematic way, process optimization consists of three basic steps: (i) modeling, in which a (phenomenological) model of the process is developed, (ii) problem formulation, in which the criterion of Performance, constraints and decision variables are defined, (iii) the resolution of the optimal problem, in which the optimal profiles of the decision variables are determined. It is important to emphasize that these optimal profiles guarantee the optimality for the model used. When applied to the process, these profiles are optimal only when the model perfectly describes the behavior of the process, which is very rarely the case in practice. Indeed, uncertainties about model parameters, process disturbances, and structural model errors mean that the optimal profiles of the model-based decision variables will probably not be optimal for the process. The objective of this thesis is to develop a conceptual strategy for using experimental measurements online so that the process not only satisfies the necessary conditions, but also the optimal conditions. This conceptual development will in particular be based on recent advances in deterministic optimization (the stochastic methods will not be dealt with in this work) of processes based on the estimation of the state variables that are not measured by a moving horizon observer. A dynamic real-time optimization (D-RTO) methodology has been developed and applied to a batch reactor where polymer grafting reactions take place. The objective is to determine the on-line reactor temperature profile that minimizes the batch time while meeting terminal constraints on the overall conversion rate and grafting efficiency
Ma, Qiuming. "Etude de faisabilité d'un module plan intégrant distillation membranaire et collecteur solaire pour le dessalement autonome et décentralisé d'eau de mer : conception, modélisation et optimisation pour une application aux petites communautés isolées." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0006.
Full textSmall-scale desalination at the point of use offers a potential access to drinking water to communities living in remote coastal areas or isolated islands. In this dissertation, Membrane Distillation (MD) is the applied technology for the aforementioned application scenario. Moreover, the target places are also often in the lack of stable and centralized heat and power supply, while most of them benefit from high solar radiations. In order to further reduce the system heat loss and to intensify the process, the integration in the same module of flat-sheet distillation membranes for Vacuum MD (VMD) and direct solar heating by flat-plate collector (FPC) appears as a possible option. This study aims to explore the feasibility of this concept and to determine the more favorable design and operating conditions for the target application. The main task in this regard is to reduce electricity consumption (provided by photovoltaic PV panels) and simultaneously improve the energy efficiency and water production throughout the VMD-FPC module. The sensitivity analyses and multi-objective optimizations are conducted based on series of simulations. Results show that the potential daily productivity of the system can reach up to 96 L for a module surface area of 3 m2. A quasi-constant power cost of PV of 4.2 - 5.0 W L-1 is observed, permitting a flexible adjustment of the system capacity. Under a limitation of an average PV power of 130 W, more than 30 L of distillate can be obtained with a surface area of 0.83 m2 on a sunny summer-day in Toulouse, taking the optimized operating parameters and real-world material properties into account
Halouani, Ali. "Modélisation et optimisation des préformes du procédé de forgeage par Approche Pseudo Inverse." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS051.
Full textA new method called “Pseudo Inverse Approach” (PIA) is developed for the axi-symmetrical cold forging modelling. The PIA is based on the knowledge of the final part shape. Some « realistic » intermediate configurations are introduced in the PIA to consider the deformation path. They are created geometrically without contact treatment, and then corrected by using a free surface method in order to satisfy the equilibrium, the boundary conditions and the metal incompressibility. A new direct algorithm of plasticity is proposed, leading to a very fast, accurate and robust plastic integration method even in the case of very large strain increments. An isotropic damage model in deformation is coupled with the plasticity and implemented in the PIA. Numerical tests have shown that the Pseudo Inverse Approach gives very close results to those obtained by the incremental approach, but using much less calculation time.The PIA is adopted as forging solver for the design and optimization of preform tools in the multi-stage forging process. The rapidity and robustness of the PIA make the optimization procedure very powerful. A new method is developed to automatically generate the initial preform tool shape for the optimization procedure. The design variables are the vertical positions of the control points of B-spline curves describing the preform tool shape. Our multi-objective optimization is to minimize the equivalent plastic strain in the final part and the punch force during the forging process. The Genetic algorithm and Simulated Annealing algorithm are used to find optimal Pareto points. To reduce the number of forging simulations, a surrogate meta-model based on the kriging method is adopted to build an approximate response surface. The results obtained by the PIA using the optimal preform tools issued from the optimization procedure are compared to those obtained by using the classical incremental approaches to show the effectiveness and limitations of the PIA. The optimization procedure combined with the PIA can be a rapid and powerful tool for the design and optimization of the preform tools
Guschinskaya, Olga. "Outils d'aide à la décision pour la conception en avant-projet des systèmes d'usinage à boîtiers multibroches." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783240.
Full textHaddou, Benderbal Hichem. "Développement d’une nouvelle famille d’indicateurs de performance pour la conception d’un système manufacturier reconfigurable (RMS) : approches évolutionnaires multicritères." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0112/document.
Full textThe modern manufacturing environment is facing a paradigm shift that require more changeability at physical and logical levels. A Changeable Manufacturing System is defined as a production system that has the ability to facilitate the right changes, allowing the adjustment of its structures and processes in response to the different needs. In this context, manufacturing systems must have a very high level of reconfigurability, which is considered to be one of the major enablers of changeability. From the perspective of the “Factory of the future”, the reconfigurability is essential to effectively adapt to the ever-increasing complexity of manufacturing environments. It allows a rapid, efficient and easy adaptation of these systems while being responsive, robust and economically competitive. The objective is to respond to new internal and external constraints in terms of globalization, variety of products, mass customization, and shorter lead times. Through this thesis, we study the problem of design of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS) that meets these requirements. The goal is to design responsive systems based on their key features of reconfigurability. We have studied the RMS design problem on three levels: (i) the level of the components, relating to the modules of the reconfigurable machines, (ii) the machine level and their interactions, as well as the impact of these interactions on the system and (iii) the workshop level composed of all the reconfigurable machines. We have developed for each level, performance indicators to ensure a better responsiveness and a high performance of the designed system, like the modularity index, the flexibility index, the robustness index and the layout evolution effort of a reconfigurable system. For each of the studied problems, we developed multicriteria optimization models, solved through heuristics or multicriteria metaheuristics (such as archived multi-objective simulated annealing (AMOSA) and multi-objective genetic algorithms (NSGA-II)). Numerous numerical experiments and analyzes have been performed to demonstrate the applicability of our approaches
Ploé, Patrick. "Surrogate-based optimization of hydrofoil shapes using RANS simulations." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0012/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a practical hydrodynamic optimization framework for hydrofoil shape design. Automated simulation based optimization of hydrofoil is a challenging process. It may involve conflicting optimization objectives, but also impose a trade-off between the cost of numerical simulations and the limited budgets available for ship design. The optimization frameworkis based on sequential sampling and surrogate modeling. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is used to build a predictive model based on data issued from fluid simulations of selected hydrofoil geometries. The GPR model is then combined with other criteria into an acquisition function that isevaluated over the design space, to define new querypoints that are added to the data set in order to improve the model. A custom acquisition function is developed, based on GPR variance and cross validation of the data.A hydrofoil geometric modeler is also developed to automatically create the hydrofoil shapes based on the parameters determined by the optimizer. To complete the optimization loop, FINE/Marine, a RANS flow solver, is embedded into the framework to perform the fluid simulations. Optimization capabilities are tested on analytical test cases. The results show that the custom function is more robust than other existing acquisition functions when tested on difficult functions. The entire optimization framework is then tested on 2D hydrofoil sections and 3D hydrofoil optimization cases with free surface. In both cases, the optimization process performs well, resulting in optimized hydrofoil shapes and confirming the results obtained from the analytical test cases. However, the optimum is shown to be sensitive to operating conditions
Djilani, Zouhir. "Donner une autre vie à vos besoins fonctionnels : une approche dirigée par l'entreposage et l'analyse en ligne." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0012/document.
Full textFunctiona] and non-functional requirements represent the first step for the design of any application, software, system, etc. Ail the issues associated to requirements are analyzed in the Requirements Engineering (RE) field. The RE process consists of several steps consisting of discovering, analyzing, validating and evolving the requirements related to the functionalities of the system. The RE community proposed a well-defined life-cycle for the requirements process that includes the following phases: elicitation, modeling, specification, validation and management. Once the requirements are validated, they are archived or stored in repositories in companies. With the continuous storage of requirements, companies accumulate an important amount of requirements information that needs to be analyzed in order to reproduce the previous experiences and the know-how acquired by reusing and exploiting these requirements for new projects. Proposing to these companies a warehouse in which all requirements are stored represents an excellent opportunity to analyze them for decision-making purposes. Recently, the Business Process Management Community (BPM) emitted the same needs for processes. In this thesis, we want to exploit the success of data warehouses and to replicate it for functional requirements. The issues encountered in the design of data warehouses are almost identical in the case of functional requirements. Requirements are often heterogeneous, especially in the case of large companies such Airbus, where each panner bas the freedom to use its own vocabulary and formalism to describe the requirements. To reduce this heterogeneity, using ontologies is necessary. In order to ensure the autonomy of each partner, we assume that each source bas its own ontology. This requires matching efforts between ontologies to ensure the integration of functional requirements. An important feature related to the storage of requirements is that they are often expressed using semi-forma! formalisms such as use cases of UML with an important textual part. In order to get as close as possible to our contributions in data warehousing,we proposed a pivot model factorizing three well-known semi-formalisms. This pivot model is used to define the multidimensional model of the requirements warehouse, which is then alimented by the sources requirements using an ETL algorithm (Extract,Transform, Load).Using reasoning mechanisms otfered by ontologies and matching metrics, we cleaned up our requirements warehouse. Once the warehouse is deployed, it is exploited using OLAP analysis tools. Our methodology is supported by a tool covering all design phases of the requirements warehouse
Morales, Mendoza Luis Fernando. "Écoconception de procédés : approche systémique couplant modélisation globale, analyse du cycle de vie et optimisation multiobjectif." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0106/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to propose an integrated and generic framework for eco-design coupling traditional modelling and flowsheeting simulation tools (HYSYS, COCO, ProSimPlus and Ariane), Life Cycle Assessment, multi-objective optimization based on Genetic Algorithms and multiple criteria decision-making methods MCDM (Multiple Choice Decision Making, such as ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, M-TOPSIS) that generalizes, automates and optimizes the evaluation of the environmental criteria at earlier design stage. The approach consists of three main stages. The first two steps correspond respectively to process inventory analysis based on mass and energy balances and impact assessment phases of LCA methodology. Specific attention is paid to the main issues that can be encountered with database and impact assessment i.e. incomplete or missing information, or approximate information that does not match exactly the real situation that may introduce a bias in the environmental impact estimation. A process simulation tool dedicated to production utilities, Ariane, ProSim SA is used to fill environmental database gap, by the design of specific energy sub modules, so that the life cycle energy related emissions for any given process can be computed. The third stage of the methodology is based on the interaction of the previous steps with process simulation for environmental impact assessment and cost estimation through a computational framework. The use of multi-objective optimization methods generally leads to a set of efficient solutions, the so-called Pareto front. The next step consists in identifying the best ones through MCDM methods. The approach is applied to two processes operating in continuous mode. The capabilities of the methodology are highlighted through these case studies (benzene production by HDA process and biodiesel production from vegetable oils). A multi-level assessment for multi-objective optimization is implemented for both cases, the explored pathways depending on the analysis and antagonist behaviour of the criteria
Raffray, Guilhem. "Outils d'aide à la décision pour la conception de procédés agroalimentaires au Sud : application au procédé combiné de séchage, cuisson et fumage de produits carnés." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0066/document.
Full textFood process design is a complex activity, given the wide diversity of existing product and processes, and the plurality of production contexts. Designer must meet the requirements derived from the critical stakes from human, sanitarian, economic, environmental and cultural point of views. In southern countries, the rapid growth of population drives the need of more industrial processes able to valorize traditional products.The savings of development time and extra-expenses are mainly determined by the quality of design choices from the early stage of the designing process, called embodiment design. Multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques are used in this purpose, which enable to evaluate and criticize any technological concept. In a specific context, it is possible to generate the Pareto-set of a concept, which is composed of the most efficient possible alternatives. Indeed, every design alternative is defined by some design (or decision) variables which are the degree of freedom for the dimensioning of the system considered. Our case study focuses on a technological innovation to perform hot-smoking using radiant plates (for sanitarian purpose). It is aimed to be developed for the production of traditional hot-smoked catfish widely consumed in West and Central Africa. This is a multicriteria design problem since many objectives have to be satisfied, and concern the product quality, production and energetic performances.In a first work, the mass reduction of catfish dried in hot air conditions was modeled from empirical measurements. In particular, this model takes into account the influence of the drying air conditions (Temperature, Velocity and Relative Humidity) on the calculation of the mass fluxes of evaporation and drips. After that, a global simulation model of the radiant plate hot-smoking process was developed from a previous work. Some key phenomena were described (pressure losses, air recycling, thermal regulation) as they could strongly impact the process performances. The resulting observation model allows predicting the performances of any design alternative defined by a set of 8 design variables.In a final work, expert knowledge and preference were mathematically introduced in a multiobjective optimization tool, meaning some desirability functions. Therefore, every performance variable is converted into desirability indices (traducing the level of satisfaction) and then aggregated into a single global desirability index (thus defining a global objective function). The optimal design of the concept is found using a genetic algorithm.This multiobjective optimization method enabled to find very satisfactory design solution for the radiant plate hot smoking process. More to the point, the analysis of a wide range of Pareto-optimal solutions enabled to better understand what were the strengths and weaknesses, so it was possible to suggest some targeted improvement to the current radiant plate smoking technology. Also, it is noticeable that the current simulation model can be easily adapted to other products. For the purpose of a generalization of the use of such multiobjective methods for the design of food processes, it has been pointed out that efforts should be made to gather expert criteria other relevant functional data