Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Optimisation par essaim particulaires'
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Cooren, Yann Siarry Patrick. "Perfectionnement d'un algorithme adaptatif d'Optimisation par Essaim Particulaire application en génie médical et en électronique /." S. l. : Paris Est, 2008. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0494552.pdf.
Full textSmairi, Nadia. "Optimisation par essaim particulaire : adaptation de tribes à l'optimisation multiobjectif." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981558.
Full textPeng, Zhihao. "Optimisation par essaims particulaires pour la logistique urbaine." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCA010/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in the management of goods flows in urban areas, also called last mile logistics, and associated with various current issues: economic, environmental, and societal. Four main stakeholders are involved by these challenges: shippers, customers, carriers and local authorities, each with different priorities (improving service quality, minimizing the travelling distance, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, etc.). Faced with these challenges in the city, one possible action lever is to optimize the routes for the pickup and/or delivery of goods. Three types of urban flows are considered: from or to the city, and intra-urban. For outgoing and incoming flows into the city, the goods are first grouped in a warehouse located on the suburban area of the city. If there are several warehouses, the associated planning problem is the Location Routing Problem (LRP). We are studying one of its variants called the Capacitated Location Routing Problem (CLRP). In this problem, by respecting the capacity constraint on vehicles and depots, the location of depots and route planning are considered at the same time. The objective is to minimize the total cost, which consists of the cost of opening depots, the cost of using vehicles, and the cost of the travelling distance. For all flows, we are also looking to solve a Pickup and Delivery Problem (PDP), in which a fleet of vehicles simultaneously carries out pickup and delivery operations. We focus on two of its variants: the selective variant where not all requests are satisfied, in a context of paired demands and time windows on sites (Selective Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Paired Demands, or SPDPTWPD). The second studied variant is the extension of the first one by adding the possibility of carrying out transport in several stages by introducing operations for the exchange of goods between vehicles at transfer sites (Selective Pickup and Delivery with Transfers or SPDPT). The considered objectives for these two variants of PDP are to maximize profit and to minimize distance. Each studied problem is formally described, mathematically modelled as a linear program and then solved by exact, heuristic and/or metaheuristic methods. In particular, we have developed algorithms based on a metaheuristic called Particle Swarm Optimization, which we have hybridized with local search operators. The approaches are validated on instances of different sizes from the literature and/or on instances that we have generated. The results are critically analyzed to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each method
El, Dor Abbas. "Perfectionnement des algorithmes d'optimisation par essaim particulaire : applications en segmentation d'images et en électronique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788961.
Full textHassine, Hichem. "Modélisation, simulation et optimisation pour l'éco-fabrication." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0016/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the proposal and implementation of approaches for modeling sustainable manufacturing. These approaches are used to prepare and simulate a process of manufacturing products providing coupling between environmental and economic objectives.The approaches developed in this thesis are based on the concepts of decision support as well as multi-objective optimization. The decision support allows intervention in two different levels: the choice of indicator to quantify the environmental impacts and the choice of the final manufacturing scenario. For multi-objective optimization, it provides the coupling between the two main pillars of sustainable manufacturing: ecology and economy. In terms of multi criteria decision aid methods, Evamix and Promethee were applied, while particulate swarms were developed as part of the multi-objective optimization. These approaches have been applied initially to some machining operations: turning and milling. Finally, the production line of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid were the subject of application of the two approaches developed
Sun, Yanxia. "Improved particle swarm optimisation algorithms." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000395.
Full textParticle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) is based on a metaphor of social interaction such as birds flocking or fish schooling to search a space by adjusting the trajectories of individual vectors, called "particles" conceptualized as moving points in a multidimensional space. This thesis presents several algorithms/techniques to improve the PSO's global search ability. Simulation and analytical results confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithms/techniques when compared to the other state of the art algorithms.
Cooren, Yann. "Perfectionnement d'un algorithme adaptatif d'Optimisation par Essaim Particulaire : application en génie médical et en électronique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462106.
Full textMahanfar, Alireza. "Contribution au développement de méthodes d'optimisation avancées pour la conception électromagnétique de circuits et dispositifs microondes." Limoges, 2005. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/fc1e3b95-dc2d-4ba7-9b7a-c8fa46ecb1c8/blobholder:0/2005LIMO0063.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the improvement of the optimization methods classically used for the electromagnetic design of the microwave devices and circuits. The improvement are addressed mainly through two distinct approaches : - The use of parameterized electromagnetic models that enables accelerating the procedures of optimization by avoiding multiple calculations of the electromagnetic fields. The major attention is devoted to tbe parameterization of the geometry and its application to the optimization of the microwave devices. It is shown that by using geometrical parameterization, the traditionalloop of optimization can be basically modified, so that the number of required electromagnetic analyses will be minimal. The parameterization of mesh is essential for effective geometrical parameterization of an electromagnetic model: several techniques are then presented and illustrated with some examples. - The use of effective evolutionary methods to reduce the risks of divergence that happens when using gradient-based techniques. This is specifically important when there is no or a little knowledge about the initial structure dimensions and/or its topology. A new evolutionary technique, very lately introduced into the field ofelectromagnetism is the method of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The technique and its different variants are discussed in detail followed by several examples which deploys different potentials ofthis technique
Boukef, Hela. "Sur l'ordonnancement d'ateliers job-shop flexibles et flow-shop en industries pharmaceutiques : optimisation par algorithmes génétiques et essaims particulaires." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00577101.
Full textBoukef, Hela. "Sur l’ordonnancement d’ateliers job-shop flexibles et flow-shop en industries pharmaceutiques : optimisation par algorithmes génétiques et essaims particulaires." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECLI0007/document.
Full textFor flexible job-shop and pharmaceutical flow-shop scheduling problems resolution, two optimization methods are considered: a genetic algorithm one using a new proposed coding and a particle swarm optimization one modified in order to be used in discrete cases.The criteria retained for the considered packaging lines in pharmaceutical industries multi-objective problems are production cost minimization and total stopping cost minimization. For the flexible job-shop scheduling problems treated, the criterion taken into account is Makespan minimization.These two methods have been applied to various work-shops with distinct complexities to show their efficiency.After comparison of these methods, the obtained results allowed us to notice the efficiency of the based particle swarm optimization method in terms of convergence and reaching optimal solution
Dubreil, Hervé. "Méthodes d'optimisation de contrôleurs de logique floue pour le paramétrage automatique des réseaux mobiles UMTS." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001822.
Full textYalaoui, Naïm. "Agencement et ordonnancement d'un atelier de l'industrie automobile et aéronautique." Troyes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TROY0021.
Full textIn this thesis, we studied an industrial layout and a scheduling problem. We solved the first one using a new approach. This is done on three steps. The first one is used to group ma-chines and products into families according to their production technology for the minimization of inter-cells flows using a genetic algorithm. The machines are then assigned to positions in the second stage with consideration of their memberships families. This step aims to minimize distances between machines using for its resolution an ant colony optimisation method. The last step is an assessment by a weighted aggregation of the two previous objectives. We further studied an hybrid flow shop problem with pre assigned orders. The objective is to minimize the total tardiness. A mathematical formulation was given with an exact resolution. A genetic algorithm and a particle swarm optimisation were developed. Both methods were associated with fuzzy logic to control their parameters. Improvement as well as the quality of solutions found is very interesting. Another study was conducted on another scheduling problem with re-entrant orders. Metaheuristics such as a genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization were applied under fuzzy logic controller. The results obtained on different issues are very interesting compared to the industrial case. A computer application was also implemented on different topics
Dubreil, Hervé. "Méthodes d'optimisation de contrôleurs de logique floue pour le paramétrage automatique des mobiles UMTS /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409496371.
Full textMatriche, Yacine. "Détection et identification d’objets enfouis par sondage électromagnétique." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT2067.
Full textThe thesis work is related to the search for solutions which may lead to the detection and location of landmines using electromagnetic methods. The bibliographical study allowed moving towards joint use of two complementary electromagnetic techniques, namely the Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) and the Electro Magnetic Induction (EMI) systems. GPR modeling is based on the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), while that using the EMI is based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The exploitation of one or other of the GPR and EMI follows three complementary steps. The first step is to locate suspicious objects by detecting ruptures at the EMI and/or GPR data caused by the presence of objects, using the KCD method (Kernel Change Detection). The second step deals with the characterization of the object by exploiting the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. To guarantee convergence to a global minimum, and therefore a unique solution, improving performing elements are introduced into the PSO method, concerning in particular the exploration of the particles definition space, their behavior monitoring and the speed convergence. The association of the PSO technique to FDTD and MEF methods led to the location of buried objects and determination of their geometrical and physical characteristics. The last step is to introduce the geometrical and physical data provided from the second step, in a program SVM (Support Vector Machine), for the purpose of classification of the object. The methodology was then applied to the simulation of three types of mines for their identification and classification. Real data coming from measurements led to the methodology validation
Kessentini, Sameh. "Modélisation et optimisation de nanostructures plasmoniques : applications biomédicales." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0024.
Full textThe present work deals with the modelling and optimization of the plasmonic structures: nanostructured biosensor for early disease diagnosis, and gold nanoparticles for photothermal therapy. Both structures are based on interaction with light. For modelling, the electromagnetic scattering problem is therefore solved using Mie theory and discrete dipole approximation (DDA). The numerical model is extended to take into account many parameters of biosensors. Then, the validity of the model is checked through comparison to experimental results. To optimize such problems of continuous variables, the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is chosen. A plasmonic benchmark is introduced to test a set of algorithms and reveals some limitations. For this, we introduce a new memetic adaptive PSO (AMPSO) algorithm. The AMPSO is tested on a set of reference benchmark as well as the plasmonic benchmark and demonstrates its ability to find the global optimum solution rapidly. The optimization of biosensor shows that its sensitivity (given by the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy gain) can be improved six times compared with the best experimental results. The optimization of nanoparticules (maximization of light absorption) reveals, as well, improved results compared to previous studies. Moreover, the optimized nanoparticles are compared to each other. Finally, the design tolerance of these nanostructures is also discussed
Gouda, Eid Abdelbaki Ahmed. "Transmission planétaire magnétique : étude, optimisation et réalisation." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10024/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis deals with the study, the optimisation and the realisation of a magnetic planetary transmission. We try to answer some questions about the possibility of replacing the mechanical planetary gear used in industrial machines by a magnetic planetary gear; is the formula of Willis still valid for the magnetic planetary gear and are the magnetic planetary gear performances at least similar to ones of the mechanical gears? We study the replacement of the mechanical planetary gear by a magnetic one. We show that the magnetic one has a smaller volume, lower losses and many other benefits. The objective of this work is to obtain an optimum design of a magnetic planetary gear. We use a finite element software to study the magnetic behaviour of the device and we also perform the optimization of the dimensions of the magnetic planetary gear. The particle swarm optimization method (PSO) has been used. A prototype has been built so the computation results has been compared to the experimental ones
Madiouni, Riadh. "Contribution à la synthèse et l’optimisation multi-objectif par essaims particulaires de lois de commande robuste RST de systèmes dynamiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1053/document.
Full textThis research focuses on the systematic synthesis and optimization of digital RST structure based controllers thanks to global metaheuristics approaches. The classic and hard problems of closed-loop poles placement and sensitivity functions shaping of RST control are well formulated as constrained multi-objective problems to be solved with proposed metaheuristics algorithms NSGA-II, MODE, MOPSO and especially epsilon-MOPSO. Two formulations of the metaheuristics-tuned RST problem have been proposed. The first one, which is given in the time domain, deals with the minimization of several performance criteria like the Integral Square Error (ISE) and the Maximum Overshoot (MO) indices. These optimal criteria, related primarily to the step response of the controlled plant, are optimized under non-analytical constraints defined by temporal templates on the closed-loop dynamics. In the second approach, a formulation in the frequency domain is retained. The proposed strategy aims to optimize a desired output sensitivity function satisfying H∞ robustness constraints. The use of a suitable fixed part of the optimized output sensitivity function will provide partial pole placement of the closed-loop dynamics of the digital RST controller. The opposite of such desired sensitivity function will define the associated H∞ weighting filter. The Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique is particularly retained for the resolution of all formulated multi-objective RST control problems. An adaptive grid based MOPSO algorithm is firstly proposed and then improved based on the epsilon-dominance concepts. Such proposed epsilon-MOPSO algorithm, with a good diversity of the provided Pareto solutions and fast convergence time, showed a remarkable superiority compared to the standard MOPSO, NSGA-II and MODE algorithms. Performance metrics, such as generational distance, error rate and spacing, are presented for the statistical analysis of the achieved multi-optimization results. An application to the variable speed RST control of an electrical DC drive is performed, also for the RST position control of a flexible transmission plant with varying loads. Demonstrative simulations and comparisons are carried out in order to show the validity and the effectiveness of the proposed metaheuristics-based tuned RST control approach, which is formulated in the multi-objective optimization framework
Yousef, Labib. "Contribution à la résolution des problèmes de placement en trois dimensions." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0020/document.
Full textCutting and Packing (C&P) problems are encountered in numerous industrial domains such as transportation, logistics, reliability, and production. They appear either as standalone problems or as subproblems of more complex problems. The goal of the thesis is to investigate the use of heuristics and meta-heuristics for solving variants of cutting and packing problems. Packing spheres into an open container represents the first variant of the problem. Packing spheres into a closed container is the second variant. Finally, packing spheres into a spherical container is the third variant studied in the thesis.These variants are solved by using four solution methods. The first approach is based upon a dichotomous search and a truncated tree search (beam search). The goal is to determine the minimum length of the open container that contains all spheres without overlapping between all items. The second approach can be viewed as a modified version of the first one, for solving the same variant of the problem, where a tree search (beam search) combined with the dichotomous search and the estimate of the lower bound is proposed. Herein, the lower bound is used in order to guide the search process more efficiently where primarily the quality of the solutions is preferred. The third method is based upon the large neighborhood search combined with a continuous optimization algorithm for solving the problem of packing spheres into a close container. Starting from any configuration, the goal of the continuous optimization is to converge to a feasible solution whereas the large neighborhood search offers a diversification of the search space to enable convergence toward the solutions of best qualities. Finally, the particle swarm optimization combined with a continuous optimization algorithm is proposed to tackling the (identical) sphere packing problem into different containers
Tsafarakis, Stelios. "An integrated marketing system for the optimal product line design problem, in a competitive reaction context, based on the qualitative consumer behavior analysis." Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090056.
Full textLeboucher, Cédric. "Optimisation of the weapon target assignment problem foir naval and ground command and control systems." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1093.
Full textThis research investigates a practical air defence problem, usually named Weapon Target Assignment (WTA) in the literature. The WTA problem is a well-known problem of military operation research that encountered a wide success in the research community, but still nowadays since it remains an unsolved problem because of its NP-hardness property. From analytical to heuristic methods, the WTA was deeply investigated and many attempts to solve this problem have been proposed. However, the proposed modelling of this problem is consistent with the 1950's technologies. Thus, the proposed modelling found in the literature can be considered as obsolete and cannot fit the requirement of the current technology advances. Indeed, the battle field dramatically changes over 60 years, and the recent literature proposes only few studies taking into account these amendments. The herein study proposes to investigate a Command & Control system (C2) in air defence applications. Usually a C2 system includes sensors, a Tactical Operation Centre (TOC) and one or more launchers. The sensors provide information about aerial tactical situation to the TOC. This TOC is in charge of evaluating the received information in order to compute the attainability of the targets, then an engagement plan that includes the assignment of the available weapons to the incoming targets and a date to fire for each assignment. This engagement plan is then proposed to one human operator in charge of accepting whole or part of this engagement plan and engage the targets following the received instructions. To achieve this goal, an innovative and patented approach to mitigate the issues related to multi-objective optimisation is proposed. Then, a continuous optimisation algorithm based on the combination of the Particle Swarm Optimisation and the Evolutionary Game Theory was proposed to determine the best dates to fire. The optimal assignment was obtained by adapting the aforementioned algorithm to the discrete case. This thesis also gives the proof that the designed algorithms are locally convergent and intensive benchmarking confirms the developed theory. In order to respect the real-time requirement, it was also devised to use the Neural Networks to lighten the identified burdensome parts of the algorithm and decrease computational time. Not limited to the military operation research field, the herein study reuse some basic concepts of missile guidance and navigation to compute the attainability of the targets. From this thesis, it can be identified that following aspects need to be carefully considered to provide an efficient decision making support to a human operator: First, clearly define what a good engagement plan is. Second, the engagement plan must be steady to avoid high rate changing in the assignments that could significantly disturb the operator. Third, the proposed engagement also must be reliable and robust to face any possible situations. Fourth, the computation time and computation load are technical constraints that cannot be overstepped. Finally, the operational constraints related to the mission context defined during a pre-mission stage must also be taken into account. Therefore, the proposed decision making support must help and significantly reduce the operator's work load in this situation of high stress and sensitive context
Kemmoe, Tchomte Sylverin. "Métaheuristiques, modèles mathématiques, modèles d'évaluation de performances pour le problème d'ordonnancement de projets sous contraintes de ressources." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21757.
Full textMazhoud, Issam. "Contribution à l'optimisation en conception préliminaire de produit." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI028/document.
Full textThe optimization in product design is a high added-value activity. This is all the more important when it is performed at the early stages of the design process. The work presented in this thesis is placed in this context. It proposes adapted decision making tools in preliminary design following two criteria: whether or not the model contains functionals, and whether it takes into considerations the uncertainties. A method based on interval arithmetic and constraint propagation allowing to perform deterministic global optimization is introduced. This method allows handling optimization models without functionals and without considering uncertainties. A reformulation that permits to improve the algorithm convergence is introduced. A stochastic optimization method based on particular swarms is introduced in order to handle higher dimensional problems. A new constraint handling mechanism is introduced and tested on engineering problems. This algorithm has also been extended to design problems with ordinary differential equations constraints. In order to consider uncertainties, a robust optimization method is introduced. It combines a stochastic optimization method with an uncertainty propagation method called PoV. An extension of PoV to models involving functionals is introduced
Fakhri, Eyman. "Contribution à l'optimisation de l'architecture de parcs d'hydroliennes." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC224.
Full textRenewable Energies (MREs) can contribute significantly to the energy mix. MREs can be produced from different sources, among them tidal energy – the focus of this work – has aroused major interest from industrialists and decision-makers.In this thesis, a decision support tool for the optimization of the architecture of tidal farms is developed. The optimization tool, named OPTIFARM, takes into account the hydrodynamics of the site, the investment and maintenance costs, the loss of production caused by the wake effect and the energy loss in the electrical network. The tool allows determining the optimal number and positions of tidal turbines and offshore substations in the farm as well as the optimal AC electrical connection topology of the tidal farm network. The optimization tool relies on a genetic and a particle swarm optimization algorithms. OPTIFARM is applied to two French tidal energy sites: the Alderney Race located between the Alderney Island and Cap de la Hague, and the Fromveur Strait located in the sea of Iroise. Those sites represent respectively the first and the second greatest tidal potential in France. The results show that the energy production cost considerably differs from one site to another and it strongly depends on the size of the farm
El-Hajj, Racha. "Vehicle routing problems with profits, exact and heuristic approaches." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2192.
Full textWe focus in this thesis on developing new algorithms to solve the Team Orienteering Problem (TOP) and two of its variants. This problem derives from the well-known vehicle routing problem by imposing some resource limitations .We propose an exact method based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to solve this problem by adding valid inequalities to speed up its solution process. Then, by considering strict working periods for each vehicle during its route, we treat one of the variants of TOP, which is the multi-period TOP (mTOP) for which we develop a metaheuristic based on the particle swarm optimization approach to solve it. An optimal split procedure is proposed to extract the optimal solution from each particle by considering saturated and pseudo-saturated routes. Finally, in order to take into consideration the availability of customers, a time window is associated with each of them, during which they must be served. The resulting variant is the TOP with Time Windows (TOPTW). Two exact algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. The first algorithm is based on column generation approach and the second one on the MILP to which we add additional cuts specific for this problem. The comparison between our exact and heuristic methods with the existing one in the literature shows the effectiveness of our approaches
Amroun, Hamdi. "Modèles statistiques avancés pour la reconnaissance de l’activité physique dans un environnement non contrôlé en utilisant un réseau d’objets connectés." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS406/document.
Full textWith the arrival of connected objects, the recognition of physical activity is experiencing a new era. New considerations need to be taken into account in order to achieve a better treatment process. In this thesis, we explored the treatment process for recognizing physical activity in an uncontrolled environment. The recognized physical activities, with only one inertial unit (accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer), are called elementary. Other types of context-dependent activities are called "context-based". We extracted the DCT as the main descriptor for the recognition of elementary activities. In order to recognize the physical activities based on the context, we defined three levels of granularity: a first level depending on embedded connected objects (smartphone, smartwatch and samrt TV . A second level concerns the study of participants' behaviors interacting with the smart TV screen. The third level concerns the study of participants' attention to TV. We took into consideration the imperfection aspect of the data by merging the multi sensor data with the Dempster-Shafer model. As such, we have proposed different approaches for calculating and approximating mass functions. In order to avoid calculating and selecting the different descriptors, we proposed an approach based on the use of deep learning algorithms (DNN). We proposed two models: a first model consisting of recognizing the elementary activities by selecting the DCT as the main descriptor (DNN-DCT). The second model is to learn raw data from context-based activities (CNN-raw). The disadvantage of the DNN-DCT model is that it is fast but less accurate, while the CNN-raw model is more accurate but very slow. We have proposed an empirical study to compare different methods that can accelerate learning while maintaining a high level of accuracy. We thus explored the method of optimization by particle swarm (PSO). The results are very satisfactory (97%) compared to deep neural network with stochastic gradients descent and Nesterov accelerated Gradient optimization. The results of our work suggest the use of good descriptors in the case where the context matters little, the taking into account of the imperfection of the sensor data requires that it be used and faster models
Chen, Linjie. "Approche générique pour la prise de décisions multi-niveaux, contribution à la gestion des systèmes de production de soins en réseau." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4006/document.
Full textFrench healthcare system confronts the challenges of permanent increase in demand for healthcare, under heavy financial pressure. In the national healthcare strategy, a key focus is to develop a cooperation framework involving all organizations and units. These challenges require healthcare engineering to find efficiency in a more global scale, which means to integrate local optimization problems and decision tools that have generally a high degree of fragmentation in order to contribute to the overall improvement of the system. In this thesis, initiated by a shared unit-dose drug distribution system design project, a generic method was developed to solve the multi-level optimization problem in which interdependent decisions are made at different levels in a hierarchical structure, or at successive stages. The decisions made are often correlated, particularly for decisions in hierarchical topologies that we define by the term "optimal substructure with feedback". The resolution of this problem must be adapted to take into account all implications for correlated decisions. The proposed method is based on the meta-heuristic PSO, it uses a recursive procedure to define the top-down transfer of parameters and the bottom-up feedback of fitness through multiple search spaces, and ensures the consistency of global problem convergence. Our applications and analyzes have shown that this method is generic and is able to provide similar resolution performance and quality compared to the literature references
Ilea, Dan. "Conception optimale des moteurs à réluctance variable à commutation électronique pour la traction des véhicules électriques légers." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794100.
Full textAhmed, Bacha Adda Redouane. "Localisation multi-hypothèses pour l'aide à la conduite : conception d'un filtre "réactif-coopératif"." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EVRY0051/document.
Full text“ When we use information from one source,it's plagiarism;Wen we use information from many,it's information fusion ”This work presents an innovative collaborative data fusion approach for ego-vehicle localization. This approach called the Optimized Kalman Particle Swarm (OKPS) is a data fusion and an optimized filtering method. Data fusion is made using data from a low cost GPS, INS, Odometer and a Steering wheel angle encoder. This work proved that this approach is both more appropriate and more efficient for vehicle ego-localization in degraded sensors performance and highly nonlinear situations. The most widely used vehicle localization methods are the Bayesian approaches represented by the EKF and its variants (UKF, DD1, DD2). The Bayesian methods suffer from sensitivity to noises and instability for the highly non-linear cases. Proposed for covering the Bayesian methods limitations, the Multi-hypothesis (particle based) approaches are used for ego-vehicle localization. Inspired from monte-carlo simulation methods, the Particle Filter (PF) performances are strongly dependent on computational resources. Taking advantages of existing localization techniques and integrating metaheuristic optimization benefits, the OKPS is designed to deal with vehicles high nonlinear dynamic, data noises and real time requirement. For ego-vehicle localization, especially for highly dynamic on-road maneuvers, a filter needs to be robust and reactive at the same time. The OKPS filter is a new cooperative-reactive localization algorithm inspired by dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) metaheuristic methods. It combines advantages of the PSO and two other filters: The Particle Filter (PF) and the Extended Kalman filter (EKF). The OKPS is tested using real data collected using a vehicle equipped with embedded sensors. Its performances are tested in comparison with the EKF, the PF and the Swarm Particle Filter (SPF). The SPF is an interesting particle based hybrid filter combining PSO and particle filtering advantages; It represents the first step of the OKPS development. The results show the efficiency of the OKPS for a high dynamic driving scenario with damaged and low quality GPS data
Lazaar, Nouhaila. "Optimisation des alimentations électriques des Data Centers." Thesis, Normandie, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NORMC206.
Full textData centers, factories housing thousands of computer servers that work permanently to exchange, store, process data and make it accessible via the Internet. With the digital sector development, their energy consumption, which is largely fossil fuel-based, has grown continuously over the last decade, posing a real threat to the environment. The use of renewable energy is a promising way to limit the ecological footprint of data centers. Nevertheless, the intermittent nature of these sources hinders their integration into a system requiring a high reliability degree. The hybridization of several technologies for green electricity production, coupled with storage devices, is currently an effective solution to this problem. As a result, this research work studies a multi-source system, integrating tidal turbines, photovoltaic panels, batteries and a hydrogen storage system to power an MW-scale data center. The main objective of this thesis is the optimization of a data center power supply, both for isolated sites and grid-connected ones. The first axis of this work is the modeling of the system components using the energetic macroscopic representation (EMR). Energy management strategy based on the frequency separation principle is first adopted to share power between storage devices with different dynamic characteristics. The second axis concerns the optimal sizing of the proposed system, in order to find the best configuration that meets the technical constraints imposed at minimum cost, using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). Here, a rules-based energy management technique is used for simplicity and reduced computing time purposes. The last axis focuses on the energy management optimization through GA, taking into account the storage systems degradation in order to reduce their operating costs and extend their lifetime. It should be noted that each axis previously discussed has been the subject of a specific sensitivity analysis, which aims to evaluate the performance of the hybrid system under different operating conditions
Hachimi, Hanaa. "Hybridations d'algorithmes métaheuristiques en optimisation globale et leurs applications." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00905604.
Full textAubry, Judicaël. "Optimisation du dimensionnement d'une chaîne de conversion électrique directe incluant un système de lissage de production par supercondensateurs : application au houlogénérateur SEAREV." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00662488.
Full textBéjannin, Baptiste. "Optimisation du pilotage d’un parc diffus de ballons d'eau chaude pour la fourniture d’offres de flexibilités au réseau électrique." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM010.
Full textIn France, electric water heaters represent an important source of flexibility for the grid. This thesis stands within the scope of the deployment of innovative telecommunication solutions which aim to quickly and individually address orders to Joule or thermodynamic electric water heaters. Therefore, the approach consists in proposing a model of an electric water heater sufficiently detailed to allow an evaluation of comfort while saving the calculation resources. The model has a low unit calculation time and can be configured easily to represent the French stock in all its diversity using the French territory description databases (INSEE data). In parallel, a consumer behavior model has been developed to simulate annual hot water draws over short time steps. The behavior model, as well as the equipment, is representative of the actual stock in average, but also in their diversity. This stock is adapted to the optimization of thousands of electric water heaters to achieve flexibility objectives. In a second step, an optimization process based on the use of a metaheuristic algorithm by "particulate swarm" is implemented in order to develop strategies for optimizing the control of water heaters and to propose flexibilities to the grid while taking into account the discomfort of users. The realistic control configurations promised by the telecommunication innovations are tested for the flexibility they could provide to grid operators. Finally, the robustness of the obtained control orders with different drop-off scenarios is evaluated. All models and algorithms are integrated into Smart-E, the energy simulation tool for territories at CES
Aubry, Judicaël. "Optimisation du dimensionnement d’une chaîne de conversion électrique directe incluant un système de lissage de production par supercondensateurs : application au houlogénérateur SEAREV." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0042/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis sets forth the study of the sizing of a direct-drive electrical conversion chain for a direct wave energy converter (SEAREV). This electrical chain is made up of a permanent magnet synchronous generator attached to a pendular wheel and a power-electronic converter made up of two three-phase pulse width modulation bridge, one controlling the generator, the other allowing injecting electrical energy into the grid. In addition, an energy storage system (bank of supercapacitors) is intended to smooth the power output. The sizing of all these components needs an operating cycle optimization approach, in a system context with strong multi-physics coupling, more particularly between hydrodynamical and electromechanical parts. At first, the generator-converter set, whose role is to damp the pendular movement of an internal wheel, is optimized with a view to minimize the cost of energy (kWh production cost). This optimization, based on torque-speed operating profiles, is carried out considering a strong coupling with the wave energy converter thanks to the consideration as design variables, some relatives to the generator-converter sizing but also some relatives to the damping law of the pendular wheel. In addition, the consideration of a flux-weakening strategy, interesting to ensure a constant power operation (levelling), allows, as soon as the sizing step, to deal with the generator-converter interaction. In a second step, the rated energy capacity of the energy storage system is being optimized with a view of the minimization of its economical life-cycle cost. To do this, we define quality criteria of the power output, including one related to the flicker, and we compare three energy managment rules while taking into account the power cycling aging of the supercapacitors due to the voltage and their temperature. In a third step, from yearly sea-states data, we provide sizings of the direct-drive electrical conversion chain that are the best trades-offs in terms of total electrical produced energy and economical investment cost
Zidi, Salah. "SARR : système d'aide à la régulation et la reconfiguration des réseaux de transport multimodal." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Zidi.pdf.
Full textFontan, Maxime. "Identification de paramètres par analyse inverse à l’aide d’un algorithme méta-heuristique : applications à l’interaction sol structure, à la caractérisation de défauts et à l’optimisation de la métrologie." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14259/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with non-destructive evaluation in civil engineering. The objective is of two-fold:developing a code that will identify mechanical parameters by inverse analysis using a metaheuristicalgorithm, and developing another code to optimize the sensors placement (with respect tothe number and quality of the sensors) in order to identify mechanical parameters with the bestaccuracy. Our code integrates field data, a finite element model of the studying structure and aparticle swarm optimization algorithm to answer those two objectives. This code was firstly used tofocus on how the sensors placement, the number of used sensors, and their quality impact theaccuracy of parameters’ identification. Then, an application on a soil structure interaction wasconducted. Several tests to identify and characterize defaults using an impact hammer were alsocarried on. The last application focused on the optimization of the metrology in order to identifymechanical parameters with the best accuracy. This last work highlights the possibilities of theseresearches for structural health monitoring applications in civil engineering project
Jandaud, Pierre-Olivier. "Étude et optimisation aérothermique d'un alterno-démarreur." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VALE0018/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is the aero-thermal study and optimization of a starter-alternator used in hybrid cars. This kind of machines being more powerful than a regular alternator, their cooling is critical. The machine is modeled using lumped method in steady state which uses networks of thermal conductances. The inputs for the model are obtained using correlations from bibliography for the convective heat transfers and three dimensional CFD for the flow rates inside the machine. The numerical results are validated by experimental results with PIV for the fluid results and a machine fitted with thermocouples for the thermal part. In the second part, the thermal code is coupled with an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal geometry of the machine from a thermal point of view. The method chosen is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The parameters are the sizes of the end-windings, the positions of the fans and the cross section of the rotor channels. For different objectives, different optimal geometries are obtained. The last part of this work aims at the multi-objectives optimization of a heat sink located at the back of the machine. The heat sink has to be thermally efficient but should not affect the flow. Different shapes of fins are also studied
Strubel, David. "Couverture d'un chemin planifié composé de points de passage à optimiser avec des algorithmes évolutionnaires." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK015/document.
Full textThe goal of this paper is to optimize the coverage of a vast and complexarea such that its mosaic image can be created. To find the best waypoints, twomethods have been investigated: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and GeneticAlgorithms (GA). Our investigation proved that GA is a better method due toits performance and adaptability. After having performed experiments to compare the algorithms, a hybridization of GA and PSO is investigated.The proposed method can be applied on large areas with irregular shapes, such as agricultural fields, and it provides a minimized number of waypoints that must be flown over by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The experiments were made to simulate the flight of the UAV in an indoor environment, and the images generated during the simulated flight have been used to show the final mosaic. The proposed method is also applied in the vast outdoor area using satellite images to visualize the final result of the coverage path planning. The experiments validate the efficiency of the proposed method for finding the number and the poses of the waypoints. The solution proposed to approach the problem of coverage path planning is rather different than the stateof the art by dividing the Coverage Path Planning on independent sub-problems to optimize and then using GA and later on GAPSO
Boudjelaba, Kamal. "Contribution à la conception des filtres bidimensionnels non récursifs en utilisant les techniques de l’intelligence artificielle : application au traitement d’images." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2015/document.
Full textThe design of finite impulse response (FIR) filters can be formulated as a non-linear optimization problem reputed to be difficult for conventional approaches. In order to optimize the design of FIR filters, we explore several stochastic methodologies capable of handling large spaces. We propose a new genetic algorithm in which some innovative concepts are introduced to improve the convergence and make its use easier for practitioners. The key point of our approach stems from the capacity of the genetic algorithm (GA) to adapt the genetic operators during the genetic life while remaining simple and easy to implement. Then, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed for FIR filter design. Finally, a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is proposed for the design of digital filters. The algorithm is composed of a pure genetic process and a dedicated local approach. Our contribution seeks to address the current challenge of democratizing the use of GAs for real optimization problems. Experiments performed with various types of filters highlight the recurrent contribution of hybridization in improving performance. The experiments also reveal the advantages of our proposal compared to more conventional filter design approaches and some reference GAs in this field of application
Ismail, Boussaad. "Contribution à la conception robuste de réseaux électriques de grande dimension au moyen des métaheuristiques d’optimisation." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1024.
Full textLike many systems, an electrical power grid must contend with faillures which, given its higth connectivity, could spread to entire regions: this is referred to blackout (avalanche phenomena), ie. with large-scale consequences. The size of power grids and their complexity make difficult to grasp these locally emergent phenomena. There is a number of existing works that were based on extensive use of statistical physics tools. The adaptation of percolation's methods and the Self-Organized-Criticality systems provide practical tools to describe the statistical and topological properties of a network. Optimization tools by metaheuristics particularly, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithms (GA) have proved to be the cornerstone of this work and helped to define operational structures. Works developed in this area are still emerging. This thesis brings a contribution in several ways. First of all, we have taken advantage in optimization technics to better "stiffen" a power grid by coupling its topology with maintaining voltages at the nodes of the network using FACTS (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System). In the optimal location FACTS problem, the objective is to determine the optimal allocation of reactive power, in relation to the location and optimal sizing of FACTS, in order to improve the performance of the power grid. Four main issues are then discussed: 1) Where to place FACTS in the network? How many FACTS? What power attributed to these FACTS? What type(s) attributed to these FACTS? At what prices ? In this thesis, all these questions will be modeled and discussed from the point of view of optimal power by applying, firstly, the strandard particle swarm optimization and by proposing a novel particle swarm optimization (alpha-SLPOS) and a local search (alpha-LLS). These two algorithms are inspired by the basic concept of PSO and the stable distributions (alpha-stable laws). Moreover, the scope of the project defined by the team @RiskTeam Alstom Grid requires the use of several techniques (from physics, statistics, etc) for particular purposes including the alpha-stable parametere estimation problem. Facing the failure of the existing methods for estimating the parameters of alpha-stable laws for alpha<0.6, we propose a novel semi-parametric estimator for such of probability distribution familly using metaheuristic to solve the underlying problem of optimization. Finally, in the end of the thesis, a decision support tool is designed for an internal team of Alstom Grid to optimize the internal topology of a wind farm
Bracikowski, Nicolas. "Modélisation multi-physique par modèles à constantes localisées ; application à une machine synchrone à aimants permanents en vue de son dimensionnement." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00905641.
Full textAupetit, Sébastien. "Contributions aux Modèles de Markov Cachés : métaheuristiques d'apprentissage, nouveaux modèles et visualisation de dissimilarité." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00168392.
Full textde métaheuristiques biomimétiques classiques (les algorithmes génétiques, l'algorithme de fourmis artificielles API et l'optimisation par essaim particulaire) au problème de l'apprentissage de MMC. Dans la
deuxième partie, nous proposons un nouveau type de modèle de Markov caché, appelé modèle Markov caché à substitutions de symboles (MMCSS). Un MMCSS permet d'incorporer des connaissances a priori dans le processus d'apprentissage et de reconnaissance. Les premières expérimentations de ces modèles sur des images démontrent leur intérêt. Dans la troisième partie, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de représentation de dissimilarité appelée matrice de scatterplots pseudo-euclidienne (MSPE), permettant de mieux comprendre les interactions entre des MMC. Cette MSPE est construite à partir
d'une technique que nous nommons analyse en composantes principales à noyau indéfini (ACPNI). Nous terminons par la présentation de la bibliothèque HMMTK, développée au cours de ce travail. Cette dernière intègre des mécanismes de parallélisation et les algorithmes développés au cours de la thèse.
Lu, Yanping. "Optimisation par essaim de particules application au clustering des données de grandes dimensions." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5112.
Full textAmzal, Billy. "Optimisation bayésienne de décisions et de plans d'expériences par algorithmes particulaires." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090028.
Full textAmer, Motaz. "Power consumption optimization based on controlled demand for smart home structure." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4354.
Full textThis thesis proposes a concept of power consumption optimization in smart homes based on demand side management that reposes on using Home Energy Management System (HEMS) that is able to control home appliances. The advantage of the concept is optimizing power consumption without reducing the users living comfort. An adaptive mechanism for smart home energy management system which composed of algorithms that govern the use of different types of loads in order of pre-selected priority in smart home is proposed. In addition a method for the optimization of the power generated from a Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) in order to achieve the load demand. Particle Swarm Optimization Technique (PSO) is used as optimization searching algorithm due to its advantages over other techniques for reducing the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCE) with an acceptable range of the production taking into consideration the losses between production and demand sides. The problem is defined and the objective function is introduced taking into consideration fitness values sensitivity in particle swarm process. The algorithm structure was built using MATLAB software and Arduino 1.0.5 Software. This work achieves the purpose of reducing electricity expense and clipping the Peak-toAverage Ratio (PAR). The experimental setup for the smart meter implementing HEMS is built relying on the Arduino Mega 2560 board as a main controller and a web application of URL http://www.smarthome-em.com to interface with the proposed smart meter using the Arduino WIFI Shield
Mnasri, Sami. "Contributions to the optimized deployment of connected sensors on the Internet of Things collection networks." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20046/document.
Full textIoT collection networks raise many optimization problems; in particular because the sensors have limited capacity in energy, processing and memory. In order to improve the performance of the network, we are interested in a contribution related to the optimization of the 3D indoor deployment of nodes using multi-objective mathematics models relying on hybrid meta-heuristics. Therefore, our main objective is to propose hybridizations and modifications of the optimization algorithms to achieve the appropriate 3D positioning of the nodes in the wireless sensor networks with satisfaction of a set of constraints and objectives that are often antagonistic. We propose to focus our contribution on meta-heuristics hybridized and combined with procedures to reduce dimensionality and to incorporate user preferences. These hybridization schemes are all validated by numerical tests. Then, we proposed simulations that are completed by, and confronted with experiments on real testbeds
Zemzami, Maria. "Variations sur PSO : approches parallèles, jeux de voisinages et applications Application d’un modèle parallèle de la méthode PSO au problème de transport d’électricité A modified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm linking dynamic neighborhood topology to parallel computation An evolutionary hybrid algorithm for complex optimization problems Interoperability optimization using a modified PSO algorithm A comparative study of three new parallel models based on the PSO algorithm Optimization in collaborative information systems for an enhanced interoperability network." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMIR11.
Full textKnown for many years as a stochastic metaheuristic effective in the resolution of difficult optimization problems, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method, however, shows some drawbacks, the most studied: high running time and premature convergence. In this thesis we consider some variants of the PSO method to escape these two disadvantages. These variants combine two approaches: the parallelization of the calculation and the organization of appropriate neighborhoods for the particles. To prove the performance of the proposed models, we performed an experiment on a series of test functions. By analyzing the obtained experimental results, we observe that the proposed models based on the PSO algorithm performed much better than basic PSO in terms of computing time and solution quality. A model based on the PSO algorithm was selected and developed for an experiment on the problem of electricity transmission. A hybrid variant of this model with Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm has been considered and tested on the problem of collaborative networks
Farges, Olivier. "Conception optimale de centrales solaires à concentration : application aux centrales à tour et aux installations "beam down"." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMAC0006/document.
Full textSince the early 40's, world energy consumption has grown steadly. While this energy mainly came from fossil fuel, its use has included an increase in temperatures. It has become urgent to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to halt climate change. In this context, the development of concentrated solar power (CSP) is a promising solution. The scientific community related to this topic has to focus on efficiency enhancement and economic competitiveness of CSP technologies. To this end, this thesis aims at providing an optimal design method applied to central receiver power plants. It takes advantage of methods developed over many years by the research group StaRWest. Both RAPSODEE (Albi), LAPLACE (Toulouse) and PROMES (Odeillo) researchers take an active part in this group. Coupling high performance Monte Carlo algorithms and stochastic optimization methods, the code we developed allows an optimal design of concentrated solar systems. This code is used to highlight the potential of an uncommon type of central receiver plants: reflective towers, also called "beam down" central receiver systems
Klement, Nathalie. "Planification et affectation de ressources dans les réseaux de soin : analogie avec le problème du bin packing, proposition de méthodes approchées." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22517/document.
Full textThe presented work is about optimization of the hospital system. An existing solution is the pooling of resources within the same territory. This may involve different forms of cooperation between several hospitals. Various problems are defined at the decision level : strategic, tactical or operational ; and at the modeling level : macroscopic, mesoscopic and microscopic. Problems of sizing, planning and scheduling may be considered. We define the problem of activities planning with resource allocation. Several cases are dissociated : either human resources are under infinite capacity, or they are under limited capacity and their assignment on a place is given, or they are under limited capacity and their assignment is a variable. These problems are specified and mathematically formalized. All thes problems are compared to a bin packing problem : the classical problem of bin packing is used for the problem where human resources are under infinite capacity, the bin packing problem with interdependencies is used in the two other cases. The bin packing problem with incompatibilities is defined. Many resolution methods have been proposed for the bin packing problem. We make several propositions including a hierarchical coupling between heuristic and metaheuristic. Single based metaheuristics and a population based metaheuristic, the particle swarm optimization, are used. This proposition requires a new encoding inspired by permutation problems. This method gives very good results to solve instances of the bin packing problem. It is easy to apply : it combines already known methods. With the proposed coupling, the new constraints to be considered need to be integrated only on the heuristic level. The running of the metaheuristic is the same. Thus, our method is easily adaptable to the problem of activities planning with resource allocation. For big instances, the solver used as a reference returns only an interval of solutions. The results of our method are once again very promising : the obtained solutions are better than the upper limit returned by the solver. It is possible to adapt our method on more complex issues through integration into the heuristic of the new constraints to consider. It would be particularly interesting to test these methods on real hospital authorities to assess their significance
Servais, Etienne. "Trajectory planning and control of collaborative systems : Application to trirotor UAVS." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112188/document.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the creation of a complete framework, from high-level to low-level, of trajectory generation for a group of independent dynamical systems. This framework, based for the trajectory generation, on the resolution of Burgers equation, is applied to a novel model of trirotor UAV and uses the flatness of the two levels of dynamical systems.The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the generation of trajectories. Formal solutions to the heat equation are created using the differential flatness of this equation. These solutions are transformed into solutions to Burgers' equation through Hopf-Cole transformation to match the desired formations. They are optimized to match specific requirements. Several examples of trajectories are given.The second part is dedicated to the autonomous trajectory tracking by a trirotor UAV. This UAV is totally actuated and a nonlinear closed-loop controller is suggested. This controller is tested on the ground and in flight by tracking, rolling or flying, a trajectory. A model is presented and a control approach is suggested to transport a pendulum load
Bouffanais, Yann. "Bayesian inference for compact binary sources of gravitational waves." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC197/document.
Full textThe first detection of gravitational waves in 2015 has opened a new window for the study of the astrophysics of compact binaries. Thanks to the data taken by the ground-based detectors advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo, it is now possible to constrain the physical parameters of compact binaries using a full Bayesian analysis in order to increase our physical knowledge on compact binaries. However, in order to be able to perform such analysis, it is essential to have efficient algorithms both to search for the signals and for parameter estimation. The main part of this thesis has been dedicated to the implementation of a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm suited for the parameter estimation of gravitational waves emitted by compact binaries composed of neutron stars. The algorithm has been tested on a selection of sources and has been able to produce better performances than other types of MCMC methods such as Metropolis-Hastings and Differential Evolution Monte Carlo. The implementation of the HMC algorithm in the data analysis pipelines of the Ligo/Virgo collaboration could greatly increase the efficiency of parameter estimation. In addition, it could also drastically reduce the computation time associated to the parameter estimation of such sources of gravitational waves, which will be of particular interest in the near future when there will many detections by the ground-based network of gravitational wave detectors. Another aspect of this work was dedicated to the implementation of a search algorithm for gravitational wave signals emitted by monochromatic compact binaries as observed by the space-based detector LISA. The developed algorithm is a mixture of several evolutionary algorithms, including Particle Swarm Optimisation. This algorithm has been tested on several test cases and has been able to find all the sources buried in a signal. Furthermore, the algorithm has been able to find the sources on a band of frequency as large as 1 mHz which wasn’t done at the time of this thesis study