Journal articles: 'Optimism training'

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Riskind, John H., Christopher S. Sarampote, and Mary A. Mercier. "For Every Malady a Sovereign Cure: Optimism Training." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 10, no. 2 (1996): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.10.2.105.

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Standard cognitive-behavioral therapy gives most of its emphasis to the targeting of negative cognitions for reduction. Yet there may be cases when simply reducingnegative cognitions may not be enough. In the present article, we present several “optimism training” techniques that may be particularly useful for helping patients by increasingthe frequency of positive cognitions and self-statements that foster optimism and motivate adaptive behavior. Specific case examples for clinical use of the optimism techniques are provided. Results of a preliminary outcome study of optimism training are also provided.

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McCabe, Jennifer A., Thomas S. Redick, and Randall W. Engle. "Brain-Training Pessimism, but Applied-Memory Optimism." Psychological Science in the Public Interest 17, no. 3 (2016): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1529100616664716.

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Collet, Timothé, and Olivier Pietquin. "Optimism in Active Learning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/973696.

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Active learning is the problem of interactively constructing the training set used in classification in order to reduce its size. It would ideally successively add the instance-label pair that decreases the classification error most. However, the effect of the addition of a pair is not known in advance. It can still be estimated with the pairs already in the training set. The online minimization of the classification error involves a tradeoff between exploration and exploitation. This is a common problem in machine learning for which multiarmed bandit, using the approach of Optimism int the Face of Uncertainty, has proven very efficient these last years. This paper introduces three algorithms for the active learning problem in classification using Optimism in the Face of Uncertainty. Experiments lead on built-in problems and real world datasets demonstrate that they compare positively to state-of-the-art methods.

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Washington, Simon, Robert J. Cole, and Susan B. Herbel. "European advanced driver training programs: Reasons for optimism." IATSS Research 34, no. 2 (2011): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2011.01.002.

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Tyson, Orla, Clare M. Roberts, and Robert Kane. "Can Implementation of a Resilience Program for Primary School Children Enhance the Mental Health of Teachers?" Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 19, no. 2 (2009): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.19.2.116.

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AbstractThis study investigated whether a mental health promotion program delivered by primary school teachers to prevent internalising problems in children had any impact on the teachers' job-related affective wellbeing. Teacher job-related anxiety and job-related depression were measured before teaching the Aussie Optimism program, and after implementation at 12 and 24 months. Schools and teachers were randomised to one of three groups: Aussie Optimism with Teacher Training; Aussie Optimism with Teacher Training and Coaching; or the Usual Care control group, which implemented the regular Western Australian Health Education Curriculum. In all three groups, teachers taught lessons to promote student self-management and interpersonal skills during the last two years of primary school. Teachers in schools in the control group received training in Aussie Optimism after the first year of intervention. Data was collected from 405 primary school teachers in 63 government primary schools. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses showed partial support for the hypotheses, with teachers in the Training and Coaching intervention group reporting significantly lower levels of job-related anxiety at the 12-month assessment and depression at both the 12- and 24-month assessments when compared to teachers in the Usual Care control group. There were no significant differences between teachers in the Training only group and the control group after intervention.

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Nathania, Karla, and Irene Prameswari Edwina. "Hubungan antara Optimism dan Academic Adjustment Mahasiswa Semester Tiga Fakultas Psikologi di Universitas "X" Bandung." Humanitas (Jurnal Psikologi) 2, no. 1 (2018): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/humanitas.v2i1.1045.

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In the early years of university learning, university students required academic adjustment in regards to the differences between the learning demands and strategies between senior high school and university. Academic adjustment is a required process to fulfill academic needs appropriately. Schneider (1964), Aspinwal & Taylor (1992) found that students who are optimist were more likely to undergo the transition from senior high school to university with a lower level of stress. Seligman (2006) stated optimism as a way for individuals to explain and link an event that is perceived to be wonderful as personal, permanent, and pervasive. 129 students from the Faculty of Psychology participated in this research. The measures used based on Seligmanâ€™s theory weas Schneider academic adjustment. The validity of the measure was between 0.3-0.65 and the validity of the academic adjustment measure was between 0.3-0.62. The reliability of the optimism measure was between 0.17-0.64 and the reliability of the academic adjustment measure was 0.874. Based on the analysis of the data and the results of the Spearman Rank Correlation test, there was a quite significant finding on the relationship between optimism and academic adjustment. The aspect of permanence was found to have a stronger relationship with academic adjustment in comparison to the other two aspects of optimism. Future research suggested further research in understanding the role of optimism towards the academic adjustment of the university students of the Faculty of Psychology. The staffs of the faculty of psychology could utilised the results of this research to assemble an optimism and academic adjustment training for the recently enrolled university students.

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Boyer, Wanda, Paul Jerry, Gwen R. Rempel, and James Sanders. "Explanatory Styles of Counsellors in Training." International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling 43, no. 2 (2021): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10447-021-09429-x.

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AbstractExplanatory style is based on how one explains good and bad events according to three dimensions: personalization, permanence, and pervasiveness. With an optimistic explanatory style, good events are explained as personal, permanent, and pervasive, whereas bad events are explained as external, temporary, and specific. For counsellors, an optimistic explanatory style creates positive expectancy judgments about the possibilities and opportunities for successful client outcomes. In this research study, we explored the explanatory styles expressed in 400 events (200 good events and 200 bad events) extracted from 38,013 writing samples of first year and final year graduate level counsellors in training. Across the three optimism dimensions and within good and bad events, there was one occurrence of a positive relationship between counsellor training time and the amount of expressed optimism. The implications of this study include the need to cultivate optimistic explanatory styles of counsellors in training and practicing counsellors.

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Slameto, Agustina Tyas Asri Hardini, Tego Prasetyo, and Endang Indarini. "Peningkatan Disiplin Guru SD Melalui Pelatihan Partisipatif Model In-On." Kelola: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan 5, no. 1 (2018): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/j.jk.2018.v5.i1.p47-54.

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This research is taken place to describe the punctual improvement of the teacher who’s participated in participatory training model using in-on and to determine the influence of teacher optimism and teacher's ability to give feedback, along with the contribution of each variable. This research was conducted based on the assessment of elementary school teachers who are participated in training for classroom action research preparation in KKG Gugus Joko Tingkir Salatiga, with 42 selected people randomly. Data for this research is quantitative. Data were collected through a self-rating scale of 21 items that proved to be valid and reliable. Data analysis using multiple linear regression with Stepwise Model. Based on the result of this research, it can be proved participatory training model effective in improving teacher’s punctual in teaching. There are 2 variables/predictors of teacher optimism and or together with their ability to provide feedback on teacher’s punctual in teaching. Teacher's optimism has an effect (positive and significant) on teacher’s punctual in teaching equal to 35.20%. Teacher’s optimism along with their ability to give feedback impact teacher’s punctual in teaching as much as 42.9%. Thus participatory training model should be applying learning principles that emphasize positive optimistic psychology, get used to working effectively with challenges, have the confidence to use innovative thinking in achieving success.

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Kaya, Halil D. "Business Friendliness, Firm Performance and Owner’s Optimism." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 4, no. 3 (2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.4(3).13-23.2020.

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In this study, we attempt to find the factors that influence small business owners’ optimism as well as their company’s success. For this purpose, we use a survey done by Kauffman foundation. This survey asks business owners about their state’s performance in areas like “ease of starting a business”, “ease of hiring”, “regulations”, and “training and networking programs”. It also asks business owners questions about their firm’s performance and their optimism for the future. We run several tests to see if business owners are more optimistic and more successful in states with a high score in each “business friendliness” area. We show that, in the states with a higher business friendliness composite score, both growth in revenue and growth in employees are higher and also owners tend to be more encouraging to others. Regression analyses support these findings (except for growth in employees). Our results indicate that growth in revenue is driven mainly by the Ease of Start score. In other words, the revenues of small businesses grow faster in the states with a better initial registration/establishment process. Our results also indicate that growth in the number of employees is driven mainly by the Overall Regulations score. In other words, small businesses grow faster (in terms of the number of employees) in the states with more favorable regulations. With respect to whether or not the owners would encourage others to start a business in their state, our results show that all subcomponents (Ease of Start, Ease of Hire, Overall Regulations, and Training and Networking programs) are important. The owners are more encouraging to others when Ease of Start, Ease of Hire, Overall Regulations, and Training and Networking programs are all favorable. Overall, we conclude that while all components of business friendliness have a positive relation with the small business owners’ optimism, the link between the business friendliness score and firm performance is weaker. Ease of Start is important for growth in revenues and optimism, Ease of Hire is important for optimism only, Overall Regulations are important for growth in the number of employees and optimism, and Training and Networking Programs are crucial for optimism. Keywords: regulations, business friendliness, small business, entrepreneurship, firm performance.

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LEE, FRANCIS W. L., and J. K. Y. CHOI. "IMPACTS OF ADVENTURE-BASED COUNSELING TRAINING ON THE YOUNG OLDS." Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 44, no. 01 (2010): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246210000069.

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It is commonly believed that Adventure-based Counseling (ABC) training is intended for young people who are active and energetic. The St. James' Settlement (an NGO) in Hong Kong, however, believes that such training can also have positive effects on the young olds (individuals aged 50–65). A group of young old trainees was recruited from the community to help implement related activities to elderly members of this NGO. Their general health condition, levels of life satisfaction, optimism, and self-efficacy were measured before and after the training, and a control group was also recruited. The results show that the ABC training had significant impacts on the life satisfaction, optimism, and self-efficacy levels of the young old trainees. Recommendations are made at the end of the paper.

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Chang, Cyril F., and Howard P. Tuckman. "Teacher Training and Teacher Optimism about the American Economic System." Journal of Economic Education 20, no. 4 (1989): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1182683.

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Chang, Cyril F., and Howard P. Tuckman. "Teacher Training and Teacher Optimism about the American Economic System." Journal of Economic Education 20, no. 4 (1989): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220485.1989.10844638.

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Lee, Ji-yeon, Joo-Yong Kim, and Jeeyon Lee. "The children’s optimism and humor training program in South Korea." International Journal of Mental Health 47, no. 2 (2017): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2017.1367450.

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Malinauskas, Romualdas K., and Arturas V. Akelaitis. "Intermediate Schoolchildren’s Optimism Expression in the Classes of Physical Training." European Journal of Contemporary Education 6, no. 4 (2013): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2013.6.229.

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Chadwick, Melinda. "A Reflection on Harnessing Learned Optimism, Resilience and Team Growth Behaviour in Order to Support Student Groups." Student Success 10, no. 3 (2019): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v10i3.1410.

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Change is all around us at universities, and learned optimism is a skill that is much sought after. Our rapid rate of change at Macquarie University has identified the opportunity for the Student Engagement team to implement learned optimism in their training and work practices in order to enhance the student experience. This paper will explain the current challenges and how our response to change can set the standard for future challenges. With learned optimism we are able to facilitate positive changes to practices that support the needs of student groups.

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Eid, Jarle, Nils Tore Meland, Michael D. Matthews, and Bjørn Helge Johnsen. "Dispositional Optimism and Self-Assessed Situation Awareness in a Norwegian Military Training Exercise." Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, no. 3 (2005): 649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.3.649-658.

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The current study examined the relationship between dispositional optimism and situation awareness. A sample of 77 Royal Norwegian Naval Academy and 57 Royal Norwegian Army Academy cadets were administered the Life Orientation Test prior to participating in a field-training exercise involving a series of challenging missions. Following an infantry mission component of the exercise, situation awareness was measured using the Mission Awareness Rating Scale (MARS), a self-assessment tool. The analysis indicated that dispositional optimism correlated negatively with situation awareness under these conditions. The role of intrapersonal variables in mediating situation awareness and decision-making in stressful situations is discussed.

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Hestyanti, Yohana Ratrin, Penny Handayani, Abriyanti Riyanti, et al. "Application of Learned Optimism and Mindful Parenting for Caregivers of Putra Utama 03 Ceger Orphanage." Journal of Innovation and Community Engagement 1, no. 1 (2021): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jice.v1i1.3357.

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There used to be a gap between ideal and actual condition in the pattern of parenting at Panti Sosial Asuhan Anak (PSAA) Putra Utama 03 Ceger, an orphanage. The gap was caused by some factors namely the environment facilities, high levels of problematic behavior among adolescents, the system, insufficient number of caregivers, and cultural factors of parenting that have been going on for a long time in the orphanage. The gap could lead to learned helplessness of the caregivers in parenting pattern on children at the orphanage. A team was formed to create an intervention through community service activity to overcome the problem, by applying learned optimism and mindful parenting for the caregivers at the orphanage. This intervention program was aimed to increase the caregiver’s knowledge and motivation through training of learned optimism and mindful parenting. Therefore, the caregivers can be more optimistic and wholehearted in carrying out their role as caregivers. The approach used in this intervention is based on the Bioecological Model Theory from Bronfenbrenner, the Experiential Learning from Bandura, and the Change Theory by Lewin. The steps taken in this intervention program were a preliminary study using a problem tree, Fishbone Analysis, and SWOT analysis. After a preliminary study, the team prepared an intervention design consisting of preparation, training, monitoring, and evaluation of the intervention. The expected targets of this intervention program were an increasing knowledge in learned optimism training and caregivers’ motivation in applying the training materials. These indicators have been achieved well through the activities provided. Keywords: learned helplessness; learned optimism; mindful parenting; orphanage

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Zarza-Alzugaray, Francisco Javier. "Estudiantes Del Título Superior De Música De Viento Madera. Relación Entre Los Niveles Motivacionales Y El Optimismo Disposicional." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 11 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n11p1.

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The motivation and the dispositional optimism are two constructs that in the population of musicians in training have not yet been taken into account in order to their scientific study. However, we present an approach to the problem, adapting it to the musical contexts, based on the motivational model proposed by Manassero and Vázquez (1998); the motivational factors are the interest, effort, perfectionism, the specific demands of the task and the exams. At the same time, taking as valid the approach to the model of optimism from Carver, Scheier and Segerstrom (2010), in which the optimistic tendency is defined as a belief that each person has in his life towards the experience good experiences, significant relationships have been found between the different motivational factors and optimism; at the same time and with regression techniques it has been possible to explain 29.4% of the variance of the general factor of optimism with only the significant presence in the model of the specific factor of the task. In this sense, more research is needed to increase the knowledge of both constructs for the improvement of pedagogical practice in higher musical training centers.

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Dionigi, Alberto, Giulia Casu, and Paola Gremigni. "Associations of Self-Efficacy, Optimism, and Empathy with Psychological Health in Healthcare Volunteers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (2020): 6001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17166001.

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Optimism and self-efficacy have been associated with psychological health. Empathy has also been found to have a unique role in community health volunteering and promote positive functioning. This study investigated whether self-efficacy and optimism were associated with psychological health in terms of psychological and subjective well-being in healthcare volunteers. It also investigated whether empathy added to the explanation of psychological health, over and above that accounted for by self-efficacy and optimism. A convenience sample of 160 Italian clown doctors volunteering in various hospitals completed self-report measures of self-efficacy, optimism, empathy, psychological well-being, and subjective well-being. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy and optimism were associated with both outcomes and that aspects of empathy, such as others’ perspective taking and personal distress for others’ difficulties, added to the explanation of psychological health with opposite effects. The present study adds to previous research on the role of self-efficacy, optimism, and empathy for community health volunteers’ psychological health. It also offers suggestions regarding the training for this type of volunteer.

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Srivastava, Anugamini Priya, and Rajib Lochan Dhar. "Authentic leadership for teacher’s academic optimism." European Journal of Training and Development 40, no. 5 (2016): 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-12-2015-0096.

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Purpose This study aims to analyse the impact of authentic leadership (AL) on academic optimism (AO) through the mediating role of affective commitment (AC). As this study also examines the moderating role of training comprehensiveness (TC) in strengthening the relation between AC and AO. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from school teachers and their immediate principal and were further analysed through confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Findings Data analysis provided significant support to the hypotheses presented in the study. AC partially mediated the link between AL and AO, and TC moderated the linkage between AC and AO significantly. Originality/value This study provides novel basis to improve the overall functioning of schools and teachers’ performance. It provides ways to improve the overall AO in Indian schools.

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Pykett, Jessica, and Bryony Enright. "Geographies of brain culture: optimism and optimisation in workplace training programmes." cultural geographies 23, no. 1 (2015): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474015591122.

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Perrissol, Stéphane, Annique Smeding, Francis Laumond, and Valérie Le Floch. "Effect of a road safety training program on drivers’ comparative optimism." Accident Analysis & Prevention 43, no. 1 (2011): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.08.023.

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Kim, Daniel I., Lawrence K. Loo, Roger C. Garrison, et al. "Does teaching Optimism lower Burnout in residency training– a pilot study." Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives 11, no. 4 (2021): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20009666.2021.1910408.

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Gandhi, Sailaxmi, Maya Sahu, Radhakrishnan Govindan, et al. "Psychological preparedness for pandemic (COVID-19) management: Perceptions of nurses and nursing students in India." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0255772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255772.

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Introduction The growing COVID-19 pandemic has posed a great threat to millions of people worldwide. Nurses and nursing students are an important group of health professionals who are most likely to face many challenges in this unprecedented scenario. The present study aimed at exploring nurses’ and nursing students’ perception of psychological preparedness for the pandemic (COVID-19) management. Materials & methods The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional online survey research design. Purposive sampling was used with an attempt to represent the entire nurses (i.e. nursing officers, nurse administrators and nursing teachers) and nursing students’ group of India. The survey link including the questionnaires was shared to their email ID and they were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected using Psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale (PPDTS)–Modified, General Self Efficacy (GSE) Scale, Optimism Scale and Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRS). Totally 685 responses were received and 676 forms were completed which were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24). Results The mean age of the subjects was 31.72±9.58 years. Around 20% of the subjects previously had some kind of psychological training and 4% of the subjects had taken care of persons with COVID-19. Findings revealed that mean score for PPDTS, GSE, BRCS and Optimism was 73.44±10.82, 33.19±5.23, 16.79±2.73 and 9.61±2.26 respectively indicating that the subjects had moderate level of psychological preparedness, self-efficacy and resilience but higher level of optimism. Psychological preparedness, self-efficacy, optimism and resilience were positively correlated to each other. Self- efficacy, optimism, and resilience emerged as predictors of psychological preparedness. Conclusion The findings suggested that self-efficacy, optimism and resilience can be considered as predictors for psychological preparedness in pandemic management. Appropriate training could influence self-efficacy while programs addressing resilience and coping may strengthen psychological preparedness which can help in further management of ongoing pandemic.

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Bharti, Teena, and Santosh Rangnekar. "When life gives you lemons make lemonade: cross-sectional age and gender differences in optimism." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 7, no. 2 (2019): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-05-2018-0031.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the cognitive construct of optimism (positive future outcome expectancies) and the age-gender differences in Indian sample. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 363 older, middle-aged and younger male and female employees. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey based research design. Findings Results revealed that middle-aged employees have high levels of optimism as compared to the old age and younger employees. Further, the males reflected high optimism levels in comparison to female employees in middle and old aged adult employees, whereas females have higher optimism level in younger age in Indian select organisations. Research limitations/implications The study suggests that the continuous changes in the lifespan lead to changes in one’s attitude and hence results in behavioural changes. The research indicates that optimism should be cultivated in the individuals by providing training and development to promote the competence and skill-building events which would help in enhancing the productivity resulting in better understanding of the scenario at workplace. Originality/value The work supplements the existing literature on positive attitude or outcome expectancies by adding to the lifespan development theory.

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Yakovleva, Yuliya Vladimirovna. "Means to Develop Pedagogical Optimism in the Process of Future Teacher’s Training." Pedagogika. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, no. 2 (April 2020): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/pedagogy.2020.2.25.

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Welham, David. "AI in training (1980–2000): Foundation for the future or misplaced optimism?" British Journal of Educational Technology 39, no. 2 (2008): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2008.00818.x.

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Gandit, Marc, Dungo Rémi Kouabenan, and Sandrine Caroly. "Comparative Optimism, Perceived Control, Knowledge of Security Devices and the Behavior in Case of Road Tunnel Fire." Psihologia Resurselor Umane 5, no. 2 (2020): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24837/pru.v5i2.328.

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This article presents a study aiming at investigating the effect of comparative optimism, anxiety, safety devices awareness on behavioural intention in case of a fire in a road tunnel. One hundred and fifty-one road users (firemen, truck drivers, regular drivers, and driving-school students) filled out a questionnaire measuring their perceptions of risks, their awareness of safety devices, and their behavioural intentions in case of a fire. Results show differences in perceptions between each category of participants and an interaction between anxiety and perceived control on comparative optimism. High professional practice with risk management lead to a better perception. For people with a low level of anxiety, comparative optimism is as high as perceived control is high. While for people with high level of anxiety, no variation was observed in comparative optimism according to the perceived control. We also found an effect of safety devices awareness on behavioural intentions. People with more rescue devices awareness tended to take less risk. Bearing on such results, suggestions are made for the improvement of communication in case of a fire and to develop users training in accordance with tunnel security specificities.

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Fresco, David M., Michael T. Moore, Lisa Walt, and Linda W. Craighead. "Self-Administered Optimism Training: Mechanisms of Change in a Minimally Supervised Psychoeducational Intervention." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 23, no. 4 (2009): 350–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.23.4.350.

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Pessimistic explanatory style is a robust predictor of future depressive symptoms. There were 112 college students with a pessimistic explanatory style identified from a larger screening sample. Participants were randomly assigned to Self-Administered Optimism Training or a no-treatment control group. Participants assigned to SOT received 10 minutes of instruction regarding self-monitoring of how they assigned causes to events in their lives and “brainstorming” alternate causes, and then sent off to record daily diaries that captured this information every day for 28 days. The SOT participants demonstrated significant drops in pessimism in three separate but related assessments. Further, findings indicated a significant correlation between cognitive change and depression symptom change for the SOT group but not the control group. Although preliminary in nature, findings from the current study demonstrate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an inexpensive, prophylactic treatment for depression that utilizes a minimum of therapist contact.

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Getz, Laura M., Stephen Marks, and Michael Roy. "The influence of stress, optimism, and music training on music uses and preferences." Psychology of Music 42, no. 1 (2012): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0305735612456727.

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Mohammadi, Narges, Alireza Aghayousefi, Gholam Reza Nikrahan, et al. "A randomized trial of an optimism training intervention in patients with heart disease." General Hospital Psychiatry 51 (March 2018): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.12.004.

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Kosiorowski, Daniel, Dominik Mielczarek, and Jerzy Piotr Rydlewski. "A Critical Study of Usefulness of Selected Functional Classifiers in Economics." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 2, no. 347 (2020): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.347.05.

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In this paper we conduct a critical analysis of the most popular functional classifiers. Moreover, we propose a new classifier for functional data. Some robustness properties of the functional classifiers are discussed as well. We can use an approach worked out in this paper to predict the expected state of the economy from aggregated Consumer Confidence Index (CCI, measuring consumers optimism) and Industrial Price Index (IPI, reflecting a degree of optimism in industry sector) exploiting not only scalar values of the indices but also the trajectories/shapes of functions describing the indices. Thus our considerations may be helpful in constructing a better economic barometer. As far as we know, this is the first comparison of functional classifiers with respect to a criterion of their usefulness in economic applications. The main result of the paper is a presentation of how a small fraction of outliers in a training sample, which are linearly independent from the training sample, consisting of almost linearly dependent functions, corrupt all analysed classifiers.

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Di Fabio, Annamaria, Letizia Palazzeschi, Ornella Bucci, Andrea Guazzini, Chiara Burgassi, and Eleonora Pesce. "Personality Traits and Positive Resources of Workers for Sustainable Development: Is Emotional Intelligence a Mediator for Optimism and Hope?" Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103422.

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The 21st century is characterized by unpredictable and changing environments that require individuals and organizations to adapt to these challenges and prepare for continuous transitions in the work environment. Optimism and hope are positive resources that are key factors in navigating this post-modern work scenario. Emotional intelligence can be considered as another important variable in this context and furthermore, research has shown it can be increased through specific training. The aim of the present study is to examine the contribution of emotional intelligence in mediating the relationship between personality traits and both optimism and hope. The Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ), the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue-SF), the Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R), and the Hope Scale (HS) were administered to 201 Italian workers. Correlations among variables were calculated and mediation analyses were performed. The results showed that the relationships between personality traits and both optimism and hope are mediated by emotional intelligence. In particular, the contribution of emotional stability, agreeableness, and extraversion on optimism was mediated by emotional intelligence; the contribution of extraversion, emotional stability, and conscientiousness on hope was mediated by emotional intelligence. These results open new possibilities for research and interventions to enhance the personal resources of workers in the fluid scenario of the 21st century by promoting optimism and hope that are facilitated by emotional intelligence in the perspective of enhancing psychological aspects of sustainability and sustainable development.

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Cardoso, A., P. Aguiar, M. Byrne, and M. Xavier. "Working alliance and its relationship with treatment outcome." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): s277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.739.

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IntroductionThe therapeutic alliance might be the most important part of beginning clinical relationship and may have an important impact in treatment adherence. In fact, many studies indicate that the therapeutic alliance is the best predictor of treatment outcome.ObjectivesTo assess clinical skills and attitudes in mental health professionals(MHP).AimsThis study explore the impact of clinical skills and socio-demographic factors related MHP may have on treatment adherence of patients with mental health disorders (MHD).MethodsIn this cross sectional study, we use a convenience sample of MHP working in the mental health departments of three general hospitals in Lisbon great area. Data is being collected through individual interviews. We used a optimism scale (ETOS), Medication Alliance Beliefs Questionnaire (MABQ), and socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire.ResultsA convenience sample composed of sixty-five mental health clinician working in a variety of settings is being collected. We don’t found statistically significant differences between the therapeutic optimism and the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of MHP. The average values of optimism found in MHP with additional training in skills training it was higher (t test = 1,64). The results demonstrate that the most of clinicians (n = 42; agree 64,6%; strongly agree, n = 19; 29,2%) believe that have the capacity to positively influence outcomes for people with mental disorders.ConclusionThis topic, along with a detailed examination of the relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment adherence, will be the subject of future research projects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Kim, Woocheol, and Young Sup Hyun. "The impact of personal resources on turnover intention." European Journal of Training and Development 41, no. 8 (2017): 705–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-05-2017-0048.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate mediating effects of employees’ work engagement in the relationships between their personal resources (i.e. self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem and optimism) and turnover intention within Korean organizations. Design/methodology/approach A total of 571 survey responses collected from Korean organizations were utilized and analyzed to test the proposed research hypotheses by using structural equation modeling. Findings The results showed that all of personal resources had a positive impact on work engagement and work engagement had a negative impact on turnover intention. The results also revealed that although both organizational-based self-esteem and optimism had a negative impact on turnover intention, self-efficacy had an impact on turnover intention with the opposite way. In addition, work engagement mediated the relationships among self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem, optimism and turnover intention. Practical implications The findings of the study could suggest practical implications when human resource development (HRD) professionals consider appropriate human resource interventions (e.g. training intervention) as to how to create and maintain a working environment where employees are facilitated and learned to have high levels of personal resources (i.e. self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem and optimism), which leads to enhancing employees’ work engagement and positive outcomes (e.g. lower turnover intention). Originality/value Given that little research effort has been made to investigate the relationships among personal resources (i.e. self-efficacy, organizational-based self-esteem and optimism), work engagement and turnover intention, this research contributes to the HRD literature by adding empirical evidence of the relationships in the context of Korean organizations.

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Gordeeva, T. O., O. A. Sychev, and E. N. Osin. "Evaluating Optimism: Developing Children’s Version of Optimistic Attributional Style Questionnaire." Cultural-Historical Psychology 13, no. 2 (2017): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2017130206.

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People differ significantly in how they usually explain to themselves the reasons of events, both positive and negative, that happen in their lives. Psychological research shows that children who tend to think optimistically have certain advantages as compared to their pessimistically thinking peers: they are less likely to suffer from depression, establish more positive relationships with peers, and demonstrate higher academic achievements. This paper describes the process of creating the children’s version of the Optimistic Attributional Style Questionnaire (OASQ-C). This technique is based on the theory of learned hopelessness and optimism developed by M. Seligman, L. Abramson and J. Teas dale and is an efficient (compact) tool for measuring optimism as an explanatory style in children and adolescents (9-14 years). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that this technique is a two-factor structure with acceptable reliability. Validity is supported by the presence of expected correlations between explanatory style and rates of psychological well-being, dispositional optimism, positive attitude to life and its aspects, depression, and academic performance. The outcomes of this technique are not affected by social desirability. The developed questionnaire may be recommended to researchers and school counsellors for evaluating optimism (optimistic thinking) as one of the major factors in psychological well-being of children; it may also be used in assessing the effectiveness of cognitive oriented training for adolescents.

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Nikrahan, Gholam Reza, Leila Ashaghi, Hermioni L. Amonoo, et al. "ERRATUM: A randomized trial of an optimism training intervention in patients with heart disease." General Hospital Psychiatry 69 (March 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.12.006.

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Xu, Yanfeng, Corey Shdaimah, Fang Zhao, and Deborah Gioia. "Qualitative Research in the Chinese Social Work Academy: Optimism and Invisible Disadvantages." British Journal of Social Work 49, no. 5 (2018): 1296–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcy052.

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Abstract There has been much discussion about the contributions of qualitative research to social work knowledge, but the experiences of social work faculty engaged in qualitative research are rarely discussed. Social work is at the early developmental stage in China, which makes the country a useful laboratory to examine this question. The current study aimed to understand experiences of Chinese qualitative social work faculty and how their methodological orientation affected their career trajectories. Nine semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed. Thematic data analysis revealed three major themes: suitability, methodological challenges and structural barriers. Findings indicate that qualitative social work research has an optimistic future in China, but methodological challenges and structural barriers create invisible disadvantages. This study highlights the need for rigorous qualitative research training, including apprenticeship; translation of more qualitative learning materials into Chinese; and support for the purchase, training and use of qualitative software packages. The results also point to the need for institutional review boards or other ethical oversight mechanisms. More importantly, there must be greater consensus regarding what constitutes scientific rigour, which projects should be funded, what are evaluative criteria for publication, and whom to hire and promote.

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Lebedeva, Nadezhda M., Elena Makarova, and Alexander Tatarko. "INCREASING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE AND TOLERANCE IN MULTICULTURAL SCHOOLS: A TRAINING PROGRAM AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 54, no. 1 (2013): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/13.54.39.

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This study reports the implementation of a Training of Intercultural Competence and Tolerance (TICT) for upper-secondary school students and the empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. The TICT program was developed to counteract increasing interethnic conflicts in the North Caucasus Federal District of Russia. It is based on the theoretical and empirical framework of social psychology and cross-cultural psychology. The training effectiveness was assessed by conducting pre- and post-surveys among the training participants. The results indicate that TICT contributes to the development of a positive ethnic identity and the formation of a civic identity among the participating youth. It also increases their optimism regarding the future of interethnic relations in Russia and the subjective level of intercultural competence of majority group youth towards minority cultures. Thus, the evaluation of the training effectiveness of the TICT has shown that the aims of the training have been achieved to a large extent and that the Training of Intercultural Competence and Tolerance can be effectively used to prevent interethnic conflicts and promote interethnic relations in multicultural schools. Suggestions for the practical implementation of the TICT as well as for future research on the training's effectiveness are discussed. Key words: intercultural competence, tolerance, training, students.

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Thompson, Ted, Brontë Mason, and Iain Montgomery. "Worry and Defensive Pessimism: A Test of Two Intervention Strategies." Behaviour Change 16, no. 4 (1999): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.16.4.246.

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AbstractThis study assessed the effectiveness of counterfactual reasoning and relaxation training in reducing worry and defensive pessimism. Thirty-three participants classified as both worriers and defensive pessimists were allocated to either counterfactual reasoning, relaxation training, or control groups. Participants in counterfactual reasoning and relaxation training groups attended four weekly training sessions. Significant reductions in worry between pre- and post-test were evident for scores on the Worry Domains Questionnaire, as well as a reduced tendency to engage in the kind of prototypical thinking characteristic of defensive pessimists as assessed by the Defensive Pessimism / Strategic Optimism Strategy Prototypes Questionnaire. Reductions were also evident in the percentage of the day spent worrying, the intrusiveness of worries, and ratings of the likelihood of worry events occurring.

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Rosales-Pérez, Ana M., Manuel A. Fernández-Gámez, Macarena Torroba-Díaz, and Jesús Molina-Gómez. "A Study of the Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits of University Finance Students." Education Sciences 11, no. 1 (2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11010025.

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Studies on financial behavior indicate that emotional intelligence (EI) and personality traits (PTs) explain much of the bias in financial activity. This study aims to identify in which dimensions of theEI and PTs of university students in finance further training is needed to avoid financial behavior bias. To this end, the EI and PT levels of a sample of university finance students and financial industry professionals were compared using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and Big Five Inventory questionnaire. Subsequently, the dimensions of EI and PTs in which students have a deficit compared to professionals were identified, and the impacts that this deficit causes on the financial behavior of students were determined. The results indicate that students are deficient in the EI competencies related to empathy, emotion regulation, self-motivation, stress management, optimism, and self-esteem. Furthermore, PTs are related to kindness, awareness, openness, and extraversion. This deficit makes students more likely to have financial behavior biases such as risk tolerance, endowment, optimism, self-control, and loss aversion. These findings suggest that universities should be aware of providing financial students with full training in EI and PTs to help them successfully address their professional future.

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Rosales-Pérez, Ana M., Manuel A. Fernández-Gámez, Macarena Torroba-Díaz, and Jesús Molina-Gómez. "A Study of the Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits of University Finance Students." Education Sciences 11, no. 1 (2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11010025.

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Studies on financial behavior indicate that emotional intelligence (EI) and personality traits (PTs) explain much of the bias in financial activity. This study aims to identify in which dimensions of theEI and PTs of university students in finance further training is needed to avoid financial behavior bias. To this end, the EI and PT levels of a sample of university finance students and financial industry professionals were compared using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and Big Five Inventory questionnaire. Subsequently, the dimensions of EI and PTs in which students have a deficit compared to professionals were identified, and the impacts that this deficit causes on the financial behavior of students were determined. The results indicate that students are deficient in the EI competencies related to empathy, emotion regulation, self-motivation, stress management, optimism, and self-esteem. Furthermore, PTs are related to kindness, awareness, openness, and extraversion. This deficit makes students more likely to have financial behavior biases such as risk tolerance, endowment, optimism, self-control, and loss aversion. These findings suggest that universities should be aware of providing financial students with full training in EI and PTs to help them successfully address their professional future.

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Cotta, Amanda, Erica Frydenberg, and Charles Poole. "Coping skills training for adolescents at school." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 17, no. 2 (2000): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200028182.

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AbstractThis study investigates the effect of a coping skills program “The Best of Coping” on adolescents’ coping style and self-efficacy and highlights a model of program delivery through the collaboration of school staff and a school psychologist Eighty-eight adolescents were recruited from a Melbourne suburb and divided into treatment and control groups, with the treatment group receiving the program. All participants completed the Adolescent Coping Scale and Perceived Control of Internal States questionnaires prior to and after the program was conducted. Results showed significant decreases in nonproductive coping and increases in self-efficacy for the treatment group postprogram and a trend indicating increases in productive coping. The findings are discussed with regard to the need to implement programs that can teach adolescents optimism and problem-solving skills so that they may handle problems and stressors more effectively. With the increase in depression and suicide rates, the need to provide school based programs is discussed, with particular emphasis placed on program implementation by collaboration of the school psychologist with teachers.

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Alfinuha, Setyani, Bagus H. Hadi, and Frikson Cristian Sinambela. "Pelatihan HERO untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Remaja Panti Asuhan." Jurnal Psikologi Teori dan Terapan 10, no. 1 (2019): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v10n1.p60-73.

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This study aims to improve the psychological well-being of adolescent orphanages through psychological capital training. The psychological capital aspects provided in this training were hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO). The material was conveyed using the experiential learning approach with lecturing, audio-visual method, written assignments, discussion, plays, and reflection. The research participants were 20 teenagers from Pelita orphanages (14-18 years) at Surabaya. The design chosen was one-group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected using The Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-being and analyzed using paired sample t-test with the help of SPSS 16.0 version. The result shows that there is a significant difference in participants’ psychological well-being between before and after training was given. This proves that HERO training in this study is able to improve the psychological well-being of adolescent orphanages.Keywords: psychological well-being, psychological capital, teenage orphanages Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis remaja yang tinggal di Panti Asuhan Pelita melalui pelatihan modal psikologis. Aspek modal psikologis yang diberikan pada pelatihan ini yaitu hope, self-efficacy, resilience, dan optimism (HERO). Materi disampaikan menggunakan konsep experiential learning dengan metode lecturing, audio-visual, tugas tertulis, dikusi, permainan, dan refleksi. Partisipan penelitian yaitu 20 remaja (14 – 18 tahun). Desain yang dipilih adalah one-group pretest-posttest design. Variabel kesejahteraan psikologis diukur menggunakan The Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-being. Analisis data kuantitatif menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan diberikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa tingkat kesejahteraan psikologis meningkat setelah diberi pelatihan HERO.

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Darongkamas, Jurai, David Dobel-Ober, Beth Moody, Rachel Wakelin, and Somia Saddique. "Training NHS staff to work with people with trauma induced emotional regulation and interpersonal relational difficulties (TIERI)/borderline personality disorder." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 15, no. 2 (2020): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-10-2019-0054.

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Purpose Improvement is sorely needed to the National Health Service (NHS) care for people with trauma induced emotional regulation and interpersonal relational difficulties (TIERI), currently labelled as a variant of personality disorder [PD; borderline personalty disorder/emotionally unstable personality disorder (BPD/EUPD)]. This study aims to improve staff training. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods evaluation demonstrated the benefits of offering 495 staff three-day trainings with a clinician-designed, unique training package. Findings Statistically significant improvements were reported in both staff confidence and optimism when dealing with people with a diagnosis of PD (PWDPD) and scores on the Helping Alliance questionnaire. No statistically significant changes in social attitude resulted. Qualitative data shows negative descriptions generated by staff decreased post-training with an increase in positive and neutral descriptions. The responses generated six different themes: resources, client demand, medical model, emotional, human and positive rewards. Differing proportions were found pre and post-training. Research limitations/implications This was a clinical-world evaluation, not a formal research project. Different pairs/combinations of experienced clinicians (predominantly clinical psychologists) acted as trainers. Some minor variation occurred within the training package used and presentation. Practical implications Given the expense of staff time and resources, this evaluation shows the resultant positive changes achieved. TIERI staff about the difficulties experienced by PWDPD and how to negotiate the relational dynamic is essential. Training helps improve staff perception of the people involved, improves staff confidence and promotes better therapeutic alliances (key to providing the relational and trauma work needed). Ongoing supervision is likely needed post-training. Originality/value Positive changes resulted from a mixed-methods evaluation of three-day trainings by using a specially designed training package.

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O'Brien, Mary Claire, Heather Champion, Ralph B. D'Agostino, et al. "How Ready are Colleges for an Environmental Approach That Utilizes Campus/Community Coalitions?" International Quarterly of Community Health Education 25, no. 3 (2005): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/g542-w332-gg21-056u.

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While there is optimism about an environmental management approach that utilizes campus-community coalitions to reduce levels of high-risk drinking, the readiness of schools to implement such an approach is unknown. We surveyed 100 colleges regarding their readiness based on eight factors: existence of a task force to address alcohol use on campus; the inclusion of the college/university President; inclusion of a community representative; frequent meetings; external funding to address alcohol use; previous environmental training; changes implemented as a result of environmental training; and a plan to institute environmental training in the future. Having an alcohol task force or coalition (57%) was associated with participation by the president and/or community representative on the task force, having extramural funding to address high-risk drinking, training in environmental management, implementation of changes after the training, plans for future training, school size, Greek organizations on campus, and being a state university.

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Lyness, Emily, Jane Louise Vennik, Felicity L. Bishop, et al. "Exploring patient views of empathic optimistic communication for osteoarthritis in primary care: a qualitative interview study using vignettes." BJGP Open 5, no. 3 (2021): BJGPO.2021.0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0014.

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BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) causes pain and disability. An empathic optimistic consultation approach can improve patient quality of life, satisfaction with care, and reduce pain. However, expressing empathic optimism may be overlooked in busy primary care consultations and there is limited understanding of patients’ views about this approach.AimTo explore patients’ perspectives on clinician communication of empathy and optimism in primary care OA consultations.Design & settingVignette study with qualitative semi-structured interviews. Purposefully sampled patients (n = 33) aged >45 years with hip or knee OA from GP practices in Wessex (Hampshire, Dorest, Wiltshire, and Somerset).MethodFifteen participants watched two filmed OA consultations with a GP, and 18 participants read two case vignettes. In both formats, one GP depicted an empathic optimistic approach and one GP had a ‘neutral’ approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with all participants and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsPatients recognised that empathic communication enhanced interactions, helping to engender a sense of trust in their clinician. They felt it was acceptable for GPs to convey optimism only if it was realistic, personalised, and embedded within an empathic consultation. Discussing patients’ experiences and views with them, and conveying an accurate understanding of these experiences improves the credibility of optimistic messages.ConclusionPatients value communication with empathy and optimism, but it requires a fine balance to ensure messages remain realistic and trustworthy. Increased use of a realistic optimistic approach within an empathic consultation could enhance consultations for OA and other chronic conditions, and improve patient outcomes. Digital training to help GPs implement these findings is being developed.

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Roy, Paramita, Subodh Chandra Pal, Alireza Arabameri, et al. "Novel Ensemble of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline with Spatial Logistic Regression and Boosted Regression Tree for Gully Erosion Susceptibility." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (2020): 3284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203284.

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The extreme form of land degradation through different forms of erosion is one of the major problems in sub-tropical monsoon dominated region. The formation and development of gullies is the dominant form or active process of erosion in this region. So, identification of erosion prone regions is necessary for escaping this type of situation and maintaining the correspondence between different spheres of the environment. The major goal of this study is to evaluate the gully erosion susceptibility in the rugged topography of the Hinglo River Basin of eastern India, which ultimately contributes to sustainable land management practices. Due to the nature of data instability, the weakness of the classifier andthe ability to handle data, the accuracy of a single method is not very high. Thus, in this study, a novel resampling algorithm was considered to increase the robustness of the classifier and its accuracy. Gully erosion susceptibility maps have been prepared using boosted regression trees (BRT), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) and spatial logistic regression (SLR) with proposed resampling techniques. The re-sampling algorithm was able to increase the efficiency of all predicted models by improving the nature of the classifier. Each variable in the gully inventory map was randomly allocated with 5-fold cross validation, 10-fold cross validation, bootstrap and optimism bootstrap, while each consisted of 30% of the database. The ensemble model was tested using 70% and validated with the other 30% using the K-fold cross validation (CV) method to evaluate the influence of the random selection of training and validation database. Here, all resampling methods are associated with higher accuracy, but SLR bootstrap optimism is more optimal than any other methods according to its robust nature. The AUC values of BRT optimism bootstrap, MARS optimism bootstrap and SLR optimism bootstrap are 87.40%, 90.40% and 90.60%, respectively. According to the SLR optimism bootstrap, the 107,771 km2 (27.51%) area of this region is associated with a very high to high susceptible to gully erosion. This potential developmental area of the gully was found primarily in the Hinglo River Basin, where lateral exposure was mainly observed with scarce vegetation. The outcome of this work can help policy-makers to implement remedial measures to minimize the damage caused by erosion of the gully.

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Green, C. Shawn, and Nora S. Newcombe. "Cognitive Training: How Evidence, Controversies, and Challenges Inform Education Policy." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7, no. 1 (2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732219870202.

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Both scientists and the general public want to know whether basic cognitive abilities can improve with dedicated behavioral training. This would have many practical implications, including possible increases in academic achievement. The current brief review of behavioral approaches to cognitive enhancement focuses on the cognitive abilities most predictive of academic success: fluid intelligence, working memory, executive functions, spatial thinking, and visual attention. Researchers are currently testing a range of possible approaches to enhancing these cognitive skills. These include everything from having people repeatedly practice the same types of psychology tests that are used to measure the cognitive abilities, to developing custom cognitive training platforms, to the use of commercial entertainment video games. Existing data warrant guarded optimism, but more research is needed to justify widespread adoption. Policymakers can help (e.g., by promoting best-practice science), and researchers need to consider ethical issues as the field progresses.

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Barczak, Paulina, and Hanna Bednarek. "Life satisfaction and increased self-perceived attractiveness as psychological benefits of physical activity." Aesthetic Cosmetology and Medicine 9, no. 6 (2020): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52336/acm.2020.9.6.02.

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The studies demonstrate the relationship between higher level of life satisfaction and exercise. The purpose of this article was to determine what type of physical activity, CrossFit training or Latin Dance, positively impacts the level of life satisfaction and self-perceived physical attractiveness in young adults. After CrossFit and Latin Dance training participants declared greater overall satisfaction with life, greater life optimism, increased self-efficacy and greater self-esteem. The results of the authors’ study may be an important contribution to the discussion about factors influencing human well-being. Furthermore, the research could be a scientific argument to promote physical activity among young adults.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Optimism training'

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