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Journal articles on the topic 'Optique relativiste'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alarcon, W. "De Devereux à Nathan : une lecture ethnopsychiatrique de la schizophrénie." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (2015): S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.397.

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Au milieu du 19e siècle, en rupture avec les théories des aliénistes tels que Pinel et Esquirol, a émergé l’idée que la folie serait le signe de la décadence d’une civilisation corrompue par la modernité. Certaines théories ethnopsychiatriques, étudiant les troubles mentaux au sein d’un milieu culturel donné, s’opposent à la conception hippocratique d’une folie endogène (Folie-Maladie) en réaffirmant les conceptions exogènes (Folie-Sacré), décrites de façon similaire sous nos latitudes au Moyen-Âge chrétien. À l’image de Devereux, certaines figures de l’ethnopsychiatrie, sous l’influence conjo

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Antoine, Jean-Pierre. "Symétries en physique." Revue des questions scientifiques 190, no. 1-2 (2019): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/qs.v190i1-2.69423.

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Cet article passe en revue les multiples applications de la théorie des groupes aux problèmes de symétrie en physique. En physique classique, il s’agit surtout de la relativité : euclidienne, galiléenne, einsteinienne (relativité restreinte). Passant à la mécanique quantique, on remarque d’abord que les principes de base impliquent que l’espace des états d’un système quantique a une structure intrinsèque d’espace préhilbertien, que l’on complète ensuite en un espace de Hilbert. Dans ce contexte, la description de l’invariance sous un groupe G se base sur une représentation unitaire de G. On pa

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Jaccard, Jean-Philippe. "Voir – connaître : Optique, représentation, voyance." Modernités Russes 11, no. 1 (2010): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/modru.2010.936.

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On the margin of the general problematic of the «synthesis of Arts» , the problem of vision definitely deserves particular attention in the framework of Silver Age studies. It is certainly possible to relate the painter Mixail Matjušin’s works on the «enlarged vision» to those by Jules Romain on the «extra-retinian vision» , and their further elaboration in the works by René Daumal. This constant interest, in France as well as in Russia (and certainly elsewhere) towards the functioning of the eye and its impact on the artistic creation is to be placed in a larger context of the 19th century sc

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Kuramitsu, Yasuhiro, Yosuke Matsumoto, and Takanobu Amano. "Nonlinear evolution of the Weibel instability with relativistic laser pulses." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 3 (2023): 032109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138855.

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The Weibel instability is investigated using relativistic intense short laser pulses. A relativistic short laser pulse can generate a sub-relativistic high-density collisionless plasma. By irradiating double parallel planar targets with two relativistic laser pulses, sub-relativistic collisionless counterstreaming plasmas are created. Since the growth rate of the Weibel instability is proportional to the plasma density and velocity, the spatial and temporal scales of the Weibel instability can be much smaller than that from nanosecond large laser facilities. Recent theoretical and numerical st

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Moshkelgosha, M., and R. Sadighi-Bonabi. "Generating the Optimum Self-Focusing in the Relativistic Laser-Plasma Interaction." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 41, no. 5 (2013): 1570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2013.2255888.

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6

Alhassan, Jibrin A., Augustine A. Ubachukwu, Finbar C. Odo, and Chika C. Onuchukwu. "RELATIVISTIC BEAMING EFFECTS AND STRUCTURAL ASYMMETRIES IN HIGHLY ASYMMETRIC DOUBLE RADIO SOURCES." Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica 55, no. 2 (2019): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ia.01851101p.2019.55.02.03.

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We have studied the comparative importance of the relativistic beaming model (RBM) and the density variation model (DVM) in our understanding of asymmetries in double radio sources, using their lobe separation ratio (Q) and flux density ratio (F). Our result shows an F − Q correlation in the sense expected for the RBM but contrary to the DVM. We attributed the result for the DVM to varying beam power, as its efficiency is density profile-dependent. From the coredominant parameter-linear size R − D relation for the RBM subsample, we found that sources in this subsample are beamed within an opti

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Jung, D., B. J. Albright, L. Yin, et al. "Scaling of ion energies in the relativistic-induced transparency regime." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 4 (2015): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034615000828.

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AbstractExperimental data are presented showing maximum carbon C6+ ion energies obtained from nm-scaled targets in the relativistic transparent regime for laser intensities between 9 × 1019 and 2 × 1021 W/cm2. When combined with two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, these results show a steep linear scaling for carbon ions with the normalized laser amplitude a0 ($a_0 \propto \sqrt ( I)$). The results are in good agreement with a semi-analytic model that allows one to calculate the optimum thickness and the maximum ion energies as functions of a0 and the laser pulse duration τλ for ion

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Xie, B. S., and N. C. Wang. "Optimum Effect of Asymmetric Laser Pulse Shape on Relativistic Laser-Plasma Wake Field." Physica Scripta 65, no. 5 (2002): 444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1238/physica.regular.065a00444.

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9

de Bruijne, Jos, Hassan Siddiqui, Uwe Lammers, John Hoar, William O'Mullane, and Timo Prusti. "Optimising the Gaia scanning law for relativity experiments." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S261 (2009): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309990597.

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AbstractGaia is ESA's upcoming astrometry mission, building on the heritage of its predecessor, Hipparcos. The Gaia nominal scanning law (NSL) prescribes the ideal attitude of the spacecraft over the operational phase of the mission. As such, it precisely determines when certain areas of the sky are observed. From theoretical considerations on sky-sampling uniformity, it is easy to show that the optimum scanning law for a space astrometry experiment like Gaia is a revolving scan with uniform rotation around the instrument symmetry axis. Since thermal stability requirements for Gaia's payload r

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10

Li, Wei, and Yong-gui Liu. "Choosing optimum method for the efficient design of a relativistic magnetron with diffraction output." Journal of Applied Physics 108, no. 11 (2010): 113303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3520219.

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Léna, Pierre, and Guy Perrin. "Du flou des images astronomiques à un prix Nobel de physique." Reflets de la physique, no. 69 (June 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/202169021.

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Deux des lauréats du prix Nobel de physique 2020 sont primés pour leurs observations 1, qui ont confirmé l’existence d’un trou noir supermassif au centre de notre Galaxie. En améliorant considérablement, jusqu’à un facteur de plus de cent-mille parfois, la résolution spatiale des télescopes utilisés, ils ont exploré un véritable laboratoire de relativité générale, au plus près de cette singularité de l’espace-temps. Ces gains en résolution résultent d’un franchissement de la limitation imposée par l’atmosphère terrestre, grâce à l’interférométrie des tavelures (1970), puis l’optique adaptative

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Kargarian, A., and K. Hajisharifi. "Self-magnetic field effects on laser-driven wakefield electron acceleration in axially magnetized ion channel." Laser and Particle Beams 38, no. 4 (2020): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034620000324.

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AbstractIn this paper, we have investigated the relativistic electron acceleration by plasma wave in an axially magnetized plasma by considering the self-magnetic field effects. We show that the optimum value of an external axial magnetic field could increase the electron energy gain more than 40% than that obtained in the absence of the magnetic field. Moreover, results demonstrate that the self-magnetic field produced by the electric current of the energetic electrons plays a significant role in the plasma wakefield acceleration of electron. In this regard, it will be shown that taking into

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Domanski, Jaroslaw, and Jan Badziak. "Numerical studies of acceleration of thorium ions by a laser pulse of ultra-relativistic intensity." EPJ Web of Conferences 167 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816701004.

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One of the key scientific projects of ELI-Nuclear Physics is to study the production of extremely neutron-rich nuclides by a new reaction mechanism called fission-fusion using laser-accelerated thorium (232Th) ions. This research is of crucial importance for understanding the nature of the creation of heavy elements in the Universe; however, they require Th ion beams of very high beam fluencies and intensities which are inaccessible in conventional accelerators. This contribution is a first attempt to investigate the possibility of the generation of intense Th ion beams by a fs laser pulse of

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14

Burinskaya, T. M. "Ray tracing model of the auroral kilometric radiation generation in the 3-D plasma cavity." Annales Geophysicae 31, no. 10 (2013): 1645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-1645-2013.

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Abstract. Propagation and amplification of the auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) in a three-dimensional plasma cavity is investigated using the approximation of the geometrical optics, and taking into account both the slightly relativistic electrons propagating inside a cavity and the background cold electrons. It is shown that the global magnetic field inhomogeneity plays a key role in a wave escape from a thin plasma cavity. The main contribution to the AKR spectrum is made by waves initially generated with the component of group velocity directed to the Earth and with the optimum relations

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15

Scheffel, Chr, R. J. Stening, H. Hora, et al. "Analysis of the retrograde hydrogen boron fusion gains at inertial confinement fusion with volume ignition." Laser and Particle Beams 15, no. 4 (1997): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600011149.

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The very clean nuclear fusion reaction of hydrogen and boron-11 by inertial confinement arrives at conditions for power stations by volume ignition only at compressions to 100,000 times the solid state. The earlier (numerically) observed anomaly of decreasing gain at increasing density (retrograde behavior) is analyzed and the reason clarified: the strong stopping power mechanism, based on Gabor's collective model, is reaching its limit of too small Debye lengths at the extremely high densities because of the optimum temperature in the range of 30 keV due to the reabsorption of the bremsstrahl

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Mishra, Gaurav, Amol R. Holkundkar, and N. K. Gupta. "Effect of laser pulse time profile on its absorption by argon clusters." Laser and Particle Beams 29, no. 3 (2011): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034611000346.

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AbstractThe interaction of medium sized Argon clusters (30 Å) with high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses (806 nm, 8 × 1016 W/cm2) of durations ranging from 10 fs to 120 fs have been studied using a three-dimensional relativistic time dependent molecular dynamic approach. The dynamics of cluster expansion is explained in terms of temporal evolution of electron population in the cluster and snapshots of particle positions at various times. The effects of inter-cluster distance on ionization dynamics are presented. It is observed that the collisional ionization increases with decreasing inter-c

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17

Rötheli, Tobias F. "A Theory of Relativity of Cultures, Incomes and Happiness." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 33, no. 1 (2021): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260107921989905.

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The concepts of cultural relativism (introduced by Franz Boas) and hedonic relativism (introduced by Richard Easterlin) are reference points of a theory that addresses international differences in per capita incomes and variations in the contribution of income to happiness. The pivotal concept in this study is diligence. Painstaking effort, that is, diligence, is needed to produce high quality goods and services. The downside of such efforts lies in the psychological burden that comes with the necessary high level of self-control of the individual worker and the required organisational feedbac

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18

Frimousse, Soufyane. "Dépasser le cyber-management avec les permanences africaines." La Revue des Sciences de Gestion N° 309-310, no. 3 (2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsg.309.0084.

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L’hyper-puissance sans le sens, c’est le drame de nos sociétés ! Les remises en question de la doxa managériale et du modèle économique dominant peuvent être une opportunité pour relativiser la vision du monde des pays développés et la repenser. Dans cette optique, les dimensions symboliques et mythiques africaines revêtent un intérêt majeur… Ce que les pays riches ont répudié en le rejetant dans l’enfer de l’irrationnel ou en le remplaçant par le cyber-management peut s’avérer capital face à « l’urgence de l’être » et pour restaurer un travail réellement humain. Aucune civilisation ne peut pl

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Turi Nagy, Ladislav, Marek Liška, and Daniel Tunega. "Parametrization of the Scaling Factor in the Quasi-Relativistic INDO Method Based on the Equilibrium Geometries and Vibrational Frequencies of Electroneutral Closed-Shell XY4 Molecules Possessing the Td Symmetry." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 9 (1994): 1901–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19941901.

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The parameter K in the quasi-relativistic INDO (QR-INDO) relation hiAjBcore = 1/2 K Si,j (βiA + βjB) was optimized by applying the QR-INDO method to the optimization of the geometries and calculation of vibrational wavenumbers of 36 molecules of the XY4 type with X = C, Si, Ti, Ge, Zr, Sn, Hf and Pb, and Y = H, F, Cl, Br and I. The calculations were performed for 10 values of K uniformly spaced across the region of 1.1 to 2.0. The optimum value with which the best fit of the bond lengths and vibrational frequencies was achieved was K = 1.5. This is very close to the value of 1.4 recommended in

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Wang, X. L., Z. Y. Tan, W. Luo, Z. C. Zhu, X. D. Wang, and Y. M. Song. "Photo-transmutation of long-lived radionuclide 135Cs by laser–plasma driven electron source." Laser and Particle Beams 34, no. 3 (2016): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034616000318.

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AbstractLaser-driven relativistic electrons can be focused onto a high-Z convertor for generating high-brightness γ-rays, which in turn can be used to induce photonuclear reactions. In this work, photo-transmutation of long-lived radionuclide 135Cs induced by laser–plasma–interaction-driven electron source is demonstrated using Geant4 simulation (Agostinelli et al., 2003 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A506, 250). High-energy electron generation, bremsstrahlung, as well as photonuclear reaction are observed at four different laser intensities: 1020, 5 × 1020, 1021, and 5 × 1021 W/cm2. The transmutation e

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Limpouch, J., J. Psikal, A. A. Andreev, K. YU Platonov, and S. Kawata. "Enhanced laser ion acceleration from mass-limited targets." Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 2 (2008): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034608000268.

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AbstractLaser interactions with mass-limited targets are studied here via numerical simulations using our relativistic electromagnetic two-dimensional particle-in cell code including all three-velocity components. Analytical estimates are derived to clarify the simulation results. Mass-limited targets preclude the undesirable spread of the absorbed laser energy out of the interaction zone. Mass-limited targets, such as droplets, are shown here to enhance the achievable fast ion energy significantly due to an increase in the hot electron concentration. For given target dimensions, the existence

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Amid, Mehrnoush, Mohd Yazid ABD Manap, and Nor Khanani Zohdi. "Purification and Characterization of Alkaline-Thermostable Protease Enzyme from Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Waste: A Potential Low Cost of the Enzyme." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/259238.

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The thermoalkaline protease enzyme from pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) waste was purified by a factor of 221.2 with 71.3% recovery using ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration, and cation exchange chromatography. Gel filtration chromatography together with sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that the enzyme is monomeric with a molecular weight of 26.7 kDa. The apparentKmandVmaxof the protease were 2.8 mg/mL and 31.20 u/min, respectively. The optimum pH and temperature were 8.0 and 70°C. The enzyme was highly active and stable over a wide pH range (from pH 3

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VALIN, P., B. GOULARD, and M. SANIELEVICI. "TOPOLOGY DEPENDENCE IN LATTICE SIMULATIONS OF NON-LINEAR PDES ON A MIMD COMPUTER." International Journal of Modern Physics C 05, no. 06 (1994): 957–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183194001070.

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We tested the parallelization of explicit schemes for the solution of non-linear classical field theories of complex scalar fields which are capable of simulating hadronic collisions. Our attention focused on collisions in a fractional model with a particularly rich inelastic spectrum of final states. Relativistic collisions of all types were performed by computer on large lattices (64 to 256 sites per dimension). The stability and accuracy of the objects were tested by the use of two other methods of solutions: Pseudo-spectral and semi-implicit. Parallelization of the Fortran code on a 64-tra

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Sharma, Vinay, Vishal Thakur, Arvinder Singh, and Niti Kant. "Third harmonic generation of a relativistic self-focusing laser in plasma under exponential density ramp." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 77, no. 4 (2021): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2021-0266.

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Abstract Present study focuses on self-focusing and its effect on third harmonic generation (THG) of a Gaussian laser beam in plasma under the influence of exponential density ramp. Relativistic nonlinearity has been taken into account which is aroused due the modification of electron’s mass in the presence of high intensity laser. Under strong ponderomotive force, electrons acquire very high quiver velocity and mass variation takes place. Equations for beam width parameter of incident laser and the amplitude of THG have been derived under WKB and paraxial ray approximation, and solved them nu

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Wang, Chun Sheng, Xu Wang, Qiu Ying Du, Bin Dong, and Gui Ling Chen. "Optimizing Structure about Strong Base ASP Flooding Molecule Weight Adjusting Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.614.

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Daqing oilfield ASP flooding drive target gradually changes from the first reservoir to the second and third reservoir,which leads to the unequal of the reservoirs producing extent, and seriously affects the developing for ASP flooding molecule weight. On the basis of that, we optimum the Molecule Weight Adjusting Mechanism of low permeability reservoir, and use the method of control variables to change the nozzle angle of diffuser section, cylinder length, diffuser angle, nozzle angle to establish 81 models. At the same time, we simulate flow field characteristics of these models with the hel

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Jarocha, Andrzej. "Egzekucja sądowa z kilku nieruchomości dłużnika stanowiących całość gospodarczą." Przegląd Prawa Egzekucyjnego 2024, no. 1 (2024): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.62627/ppe.2024.001.

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Specific rules, relevant only for enforcement proceedings, are applied in enforcement proceedings, such as the rule of applying enforcement measures that are least onerous for a debtor, while ensuring protection of creditor’s rights (so-called principle of relativity). The compliance with this rule in the practice of enforcement proceedings results in the necessity to look for the maximum efficiency of enforcement by its execution in such a manner, for example, that optimum effects are obtained in enforcement against cash benefits by obtaining funds to repay a creditor and cover costs of proce

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Yazdani, E., R. Sadighi-Bonabi, H. Afarideh, J. Yazdanpanah, and H. Hora. "Enhanced laser ion acceleration with a multi-layer foam target assembly." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 4 (2014): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034614000342.

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AbstractInteraction of a linearly polarized Gaussian laser pulse (at relativistic intensity of 2.0 × 1020 Wcm−2) with a multi-layer foam (as a near critical density target) attached to a solid layer is investigated by using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. It is found that electrons with longitudinal momentum exceeding the free electrons limit of meca02/2 so-called super-hot electrons can be produced when the direct laser acceleration regime is fulfilled and benefited from self-focusing inside of the subcritical plasma. These electrons penetrate easily through the target and can en

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Mbhiza, Hlamulo. "Witchcraft and Mathematics Learning in South African Rural Schools." Interdisciplinary Journal of Education Research 3, no. 1 (2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51986/ijer-2021.vol3.01.03.

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In South Africa, there is no adequate research that explored mathematics learning and teaching within rural schools and classrooms. Various literature posits that mathematics education research has virtually over-concentrated on urban and township schools and consistently ignored rural contexts and schools. Arguments exist that rural education and rural education research have been understudied in South Africa. Presumably, this would include mathematics education research as well. This paper explores the relationship between witchcraft beliefs, which is considered as an entrenched cultural phe

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SÁNCHEZ DEL RÍO, J., M. J. G. BORGE, E. NÁCHER, et al. "CEPA: A LaBr3(Ce)/LaCl3(Ce) PHOSWICH ARRAY FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF PROTONS AND GAMMA RADIATION EMITTED IN REACTIONS AT RELATIVISTIC ENERGIES." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 27 (January 2014): 1460143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514601434.

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A sophisticated design of 750 LaBr3(Ce):LaCl3(Ce) phoswich crystals (CEPA10) with a segmentation determined by the Doppler correction and an energy resolution of 5% at 1 MeV is presented. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed for high energy protons (50–500 MeV) and gamma radiation (0.5–30 MeV) to determine the length and shape of the crystals for optimum performance of the detector. In the case of protons, the two-layer detector can be used as a ΔELaBr3 − ETot telescope or, for very high energies, as a double energy loss detector (ΔELaBr3 + ΔELaCl3), in order to determine the initial en

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O. T., Ojo,. "Relativity of Rural Women Literacy and Empowerment in Promoting Healthy Household in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. VI (2025): 1103–9. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90600087.

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The study investigated the rural women literacy and empowerment in promoting healthy household in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State. The role of women as peace builders, especially in promoting healthy household cannot be ignored in the society. The emphasis on critical approaches to healthy household and literacy of the women has been a cause of concern. The descriptive type of research design was used for the study. The sample size of one hundred and fifty (150) literate woman was used for the study. The simple random sampling technique was used, the data gathered from the administered questionnaire wa

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Kiladze, A. B. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of cryptic coloration of the Carolina anole’s skin." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 10, no. 3 (2019): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021950.

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Cryptic coloration of animals’ integument is one of the effective adaptations that allow them to lead an active lifestyle while being protected from natural enemies due to visual disguise. This is achieved by the similarity of body color of a particular individual to the background of various substrates in its environment. The morphological and functional basis of cryptic coloration in vertebrates, including reptiles, is ensured by the skin pigmentation. Using bioinformatic methods, we calculated the skin camouflage index of the Carolina anole (Anolis carolinensis Voigt, 1832) in various condi

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Vladisavlevici, Iuliana-Mariana, Michael Ehret, Evgeny Filippov, et al. "Theoretical Study of the Pre-Plasma Density Scale Length’s Influence on the Absorption Efficiency in Laser–Solid Interaction at Relativistic Laser Intensities for PW-Class Lasers." Photonics 12, no. 1 (2025): 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12010071.

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This work studied the pre-plasma that builds up in interactions of focused high-power PW-class lasers with solid targets at the target surface facing the laser beam, and its impact on the global laser absorption efficiency as well as on the spectral cut-off energy of laser-generated proton beams. Our practical heuristic estimates were derived from the example of the VEGA-3 laser at CLPU. Our modeling results for the pre-plasma expansion due to the laser pedestal of VEGA-3 were benchmarked by hydrodynamic simulations, revealing good agreement for the evolution before the arrival of the main Gau

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Şenol, Mehmet Burak. "A new optimization model for design of traditional cockpit interfaces." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 3 (2020): 404–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-04-2019-0068.

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Purpose Real flight is cognitively demanding; accordingly, both indicators and display panel layout should be user-friendly to improve pilot-aircraft interaction. Poor pilot-interface interactions in aircrafts could result in accidents. Although a general reason of accidents is improper displays, relatively few studies were conducted on interfaces. This study aims to present an optimization model to create intuitively integrated user-friendly cockpit interfaces. Design/methodology/approach Subjectivity within most usability evaluation techniques could bring about interface design problems. A p

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Buranok, Sergey Olegovich. "War, Imperialism, and colonies: a view of the US press." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 1 (2019): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201981216.

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Questions about the perspectives of the European empires colonial system after the Great War, forms and ways of its transition to postcolonial age, relativity of the colonial powers experience to the US foreign policy, were very popular and quite debating for the American public opinion during and after the end of the World War I. colonial system research cannot be complete without studying the press of the powers that signed the Versailles Treaty. In order to give a detailed analysis of international relationships in terms of the global transformations from the American point of view relevant

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De Martini, Francesco. "The Higgs field and the resolution of the Cosmological Constant Paradox in the Weyl-geometrical Universe." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2106 (2017): 20160388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0388.

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The nature of the scalar field responsible for the cosmological inflation is found to be rooted in the most fundamental concept of Weyl's differential geometry: the parallel displacement of vectors in curved space–time. Within this novel geometrical scenario, the standard electroweak theory of leptons based on the SU (2) L ⊗ U (1) Y as well as on the conformal groups of space–time Weyl's transformations is analysed within the framework of a general-relativistic, conformally covariant scalar-tensor theory that includes the electromagnetic and the Yang–Mills fields. A Higgs mechanism within a sp

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De Martini, Francesco. "The quantum Higgs field and the resolution of the cosmological constant paradox in the Weyl-geometrical Universe." International Journal of Quantum Information 15, no. 08 (2017): 1740025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749917400251.

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The nature of the scalar field responsible for the cosmological inflation is found to be rooted in the most fundamental concept of the Weyl’s differential geometry: the parallel displacement of vectors in curved spacetime. Within this novel geometrical scenario, the standard electroweak theory of leptons based on the [Formula: see text] as well as on the conformal groups of spacetime Weyl’s transformations is analyzed within the framework of a general-relativistic, conformally-covariant scalar–tensor theory that includes the electromagnetic and the Yang–Mills fields. A Higgs mechanism within a

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Fizer, M. M., and V. I. Sidey V.I. "TESTING OF THE OPTIMUM BASIS SET FOR MODELING THE HEXABROMOTELURATE ANION." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 45, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2021.1.53-57.

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Using the PRIRODA 19 program, the bond lengths Te–Br have been calculated for the hexabromotelurate anion [TeBr6]2– within the frameworks of the GGA PBE density functional theory and the Møller–Plesset second order perturbation theory. In order to find the optimum basis set, the λXa (where X = 1-4) basis sets developed by D. Laikov, with diffusion functions, were tested. It must be noticed that in the case of the λXa (where X = 1-4) basis sets, the anion [TeBr6]2– is described by different numbers of basis functions: 261 for the double-zeta basic set λ1a, 422 for the triple-zeta basic set λ2a,

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Hadad, M., and M. Torkiha-Esfhani. "Optimum point of acceleration of an electron inside the collisional plasma-filled elliptical waveguide." Journal of Plasma Physics 81, no. 2 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377814000646.

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In this paper, the effect of the electron collision frequency with background ions on TMmr mode field components, the trajectory and the electron energy gain is studied. The field components of the TMmr mode in the elliptical waveguides are calculated. The ohmic heating for three different value of collision frequency calculated and the power losses is obtained. The deflection angle and acceleration gradient of an electron in the fields associated with a transverse magnetic (TM) wave propagating inside a elliptical waveguide for TMmr mode is studied. The relativistic momentum and energy equati

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Watanabe, C., K. Yanase, and N. Yoshinaga. "Searching optimum equations of state of neutron star matter in strong magnetic fields with rotation." Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2020, no. 10 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptaa134.

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Abstract Masses and radii of neutron stars are obtained in the presence of strong magnetic fields together with rotation. Mass-radius relations are calculated using 11 equations of state (EoSs: GM1, TM1-a, TM1-b, TM2$\omega\rho$-a, TM2$\omega\rho$-b, NL3-a, NL3-b, NL3$\omega\rho$-a, NL3$\omega\rho$-b, DDME2-a and DDME2-b) in relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. Obtained masses are over and around twice the solar mass ($M_\odot$) for all EoSs in the presence of strong magnetic fields of $3 \times 10^{18}$ G at the center. For NL3$\omega\rho$-a and NL3$\omega\rho$-b EoSs, masses are more than $

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Liu, Z., M. K. Zhao, J. Z. Zhuang, et al. "On the study of proton acceleration from double-layer nanofoils." AIP Advances 15, no. 5 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0269353.

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Fast ion beams driven by relativistic laser pulses are suitable for a wide range of applications. Many of the applications require a higher energy than the currently achievable energy. In this work, we propose a novel scheme of laser driven ion acceleration using double-layer nanofoils. The first layer of the target acts as plasma optics and is used to manipulate the incident laser pulse to a designed shape for the subsequent ion acceleration from the second nanofoil. The optimum parameter range for both foils is specified with the aid of particle-in-cell simulations. Using the double-layer ta

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Hata, Masayasu, Takayoshi Sano, Natsumi Iwata, and Yasuhiko Sentoku. "Optimum design of double-layer target for proton acceleration by ultrahigh intense femtosecond lasers considering relativistic rising edge." Physical Review E 108, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.108.035205.

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SAMB, Mamadou, and Mohamadou L. Bara SAMB. "Engagement social des touristes au Sénégal : de l'entre soi à l'entre lieu." February 19, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680857.

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Cet article, basé sur une littérature limitée, concernant l’engagement social, vise à approfondir la compréhension de ce concept dans le secteur du tourisme. En utilisant l’approche de la <em>grounded theory</em> (Guillemette, 2006)<strong> </strong>et en examinant le comportement des touristes de l’entre-soi à l’entre-lieu, une démarche inductive a été retenue. Pour ce faire, 19 entretiens dont 7 de groupes et 12 individuels ont été réalisés dans 3 sites différents (Ile de

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Fasano, Nicholas M., Matthew R. Edwards, and Julia M. Mikhailova. "Electron bunch dynamics and emission in particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic laser–solid interactions: On density artifacts, collisions, and numerical dispersion." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 6 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0140028.

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Sub-optical-cycle dynamics of dense electron bunches in relativistic-intensity laser–solid interactions lead to the emission of high-order harmonics and attosecond light pulses. The capacity of particle-in-cell simulations to accurately model these dynamics is essential for the prediction of emission properties because the attosecond pulse intensity depends on the electron density distribution at the time of emission and on the temporal distribution of individual electron Lorentz-factors in an emitting electron bunch. Here, we show that in one-dimensional collisionless simulations, the peak de

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Ferri, J., E. Siminos, L. Gremillet, and T. Fülöp. "Effects of oblique incidence and colliding pulses on laser-driven proton acceleration from relativistically transparent ultrathin targets." Journal of Plasma Physics 86, no. 5 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377820000847.

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The use of ultrathin solid foils offers optimal conditions for accelerating protons to high energies from laser–matter interactions. When the target is thin enough that relativistic self-induced transparency sets in, all of the target electrons get heated to high energies by the laser, which maximizes the accelerating electric field and therefore the final ion energy. In this work, we first investigate how ion acceleration by ultraintense femtosecond laser pulses in transparent CH $_2$ solid foils is modified when turning from normal to oblique ( $45^\circ$ ) incidence. Due to stronger electro

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van Leeuwen, K. A. H. (Ton), Walter Jouke Schaap, Bart Buijsse, et al. "Feasibility of a Pulsed Ponderomotive Phase Plate for Electron Beams." New Journal of Physics, February 15, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acbc44.

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Abstract We propose a scheme for constructing a phase plate for use in an ultrafast Zernike-type phase contrast electron microscope, based on the interaction of the electron beam with a strongly focused, high-power femtosecond laser pulse and a pulsed electron beam. Analytical expressions for the phase shift using the time-averaged ponderomotive potential and a paraxial approximation for the focused laser beam are presented, as well as more rigorous quasiclassical simulations based on the quantum phase integral along classical, relativistic electron trajectories in an accurate, non-paraxial de

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M., Chitsazi, Maraghechi B., and H. Rouhani M. "Three-Dimensional Simulation of Free Electron Laser with Prebunching and Efficiency Enhancement." International Journal of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 3.0, no. 9 (2010). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1331095.

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Three-dimensional simulation of harmonic up generation in free electron laser amplifier operating simultaneously with a cold and relativistic electron beam is presented in steady-state regime where the slippage of the electromagnetic wave with respect to the electron beam is ignored. By using slowly varying envelope approximation and applying the source-dependent expansion to wave equations, electromagnetic fields are represented in terms of the Hermit Gaussian modes which are well suited for the planar wiggler configuration. The electron dynamics is described by the fully threedimensional Lor

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Dover, Nicholas P., Tim Ziegler, Stefan Assenbaum, et al. "Enhanced ion acceleration from transparency-driven foils demonstrated at two ultraintense laser facilities." Light: Science & Applications 12, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-023-01083-9.

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AbstractLaser-driven ion sources are a rapidly developing technology producing high energy, high peak current beams. Their suitability for applications, such as compact medical accelerators, motivates development of robust acceleration schemes using widely available repetitive ultraintense femtosecond lasers. These applications not only require high beam energy, but also place demanding requirements on the source stability and controllability. This can be seriously affected by the laser temporal contrast, precluding the replication of ion acceleration performance on independent laser systems w

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Järvinen, A. E., T. Fülöp, E. Hirvijoki, M. Hoppe, A. Kit, and J. Åström. "Bayesian approach for validation of runaway electron simulations." Journal of Plasma Physics 88, no. 6 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377822001210.

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Plasma-terminating disruptions in future fusion reactors may result in conversion of the initial current to a relativistic runaway electron beam. Validated predictive tools are required to optimise the scenarios and mitigation actuators to avoid the excessive damage that can be caused by such events. Many of the simulation tools applied in fusion energy research require the user to specify input parameters that are not constrained by the available experimental information. The conventional approach, where an expert modeller calibrates these input parameters based on domain knowledge, is prone

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Geris, Sophia, and Yvette Perrott. "Predicting Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect observations of galaxy cluster cavities with the Square Kilometre Array." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 42 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2025.13.

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Abstract Galaxy cluster X-ray cavities are inflated by relativistic jets that are ejected into the intracluster medium by active galactic nuclei (AGN). AGN jets prevent predicted cooling flow establishment at the cluster centre, and while this process is not well understood in existing studies, simulations have shown that the heating mechanism will depend on the type of gas that fills the cavities. Thermal and non-thermal distributions of electrons will produce different cavity Sunyaev Zel’dovich (SZ) effect signals, quantified by the ‘suppression factor’ f. This paper explores potential enhan

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