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Journal articles on the topic 'Optoelectronics. eng'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Sharma, Dushyant Kumar, and Surya Kumar Pathak. "ENG-cladded metamaterial-loaded helical waveguide for optoelectronics applications." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 29, no. 18 (2015): 2501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2015.1051190.

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2

Cysewska-Sobusiak, Anna Romana. "Examples of acquisition and application of biooptical signals." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 2 (2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i2.897.

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Scientific activity of Division of Metrology and Optoelectronics with Poznan University of Poland (PUT) includes methods and systems used in modern electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical metrology. Noninvasive diagnostic methods applied in medical engineering, with special interest in optoelectronic sensor technology and advanced methods of imaging, are considered in the paper. The author who was the Head of the Division presents the short review of some selected former results of studies related to biophotonics. Full Text: PDF ReferencesA. Cysewska-Sobusiak, "Powers and Limitations of Noninvasive Measurements Implemented in Pulse Oximetry", Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering 22 (2002). DirectLink J.G. Webster, Design of pulse oximeters (Bristol, IOP Publishing Ltd 1997). CrossRef T. Aoyagi, "Pulse oximetry: its invention, theory, and future", Journal of Anesthesia 17, 4 (2003). CrossRef A.A. Alian and K.H Shelley, "Photoplethysmography", Anesthesiology 28, 4 (2014). CrossRef F.A. Duck, Physical properties of tissue: a comprehensive reference book (San Diego, Academia Press 1990). CrossRef Z. Krawiecki, A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, G. Wiczyński, and A. Odon, "Modeling and measurements of light transmission through human tissues", Bull. Pol. Ac. Tech. 56, 2 (2008). DirectLink A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, "One-dimensional representation of light-tissue interaction for application in noninvasive oximetry", Opt. Eng. 36, 4 (1997). CrossRef D. Prokop, A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, and A. Hulewicz, "Monitoring of the Arterial Blood Waveforms with a Multi-Sensor System", Procedia Eng. 47 (2012). CrossRef A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, P. Skrzywanek, and A. Sowier, "Utilization of Miniprobes in Modern Endoscopic Ultrasonography", IEEE Sensors Journal 6, 5 (2006). CrossRef A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, G. Wiczyński, Z. Krawiecki, and A. Sowier, "Role of optical techniques in combined use of selected methods of medical imaging", Opto-Electron. Rev. 16, 2 (2008). CrossRef A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, M. Bołtrukiewicz, and J. Parzych, "Evaluation of fluorescence images acquired from oligonucleotide libraries", Optica Applicata 38, 2 (2008). DirectLink M. Jukiewicz and A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, "Stimuli design for SSVEP-based brain computer-interface", Intl. Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 62, 2 (2016). CrossRef G. Wiczyński, "Inaccuracy of Short-Term Light Flicker Pst Indicator Measuring With a Flickermeter", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 27, 2 (2012). CrossRef A. Hulewicz, "A New Approach to Objective Evaluation of Human Visual Acuity", Phot. Lett. Poland 6, 4 (2014). CrossRef A. Zielińska, K. Kiluk, M. Wojtkowski, and K. Komar, "System for psychophysical measurements of two-photon vision", Phot. Lett. Poland 11, 1 (2019). CrossRef

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3

Posthill, J. B., N. R. Parikh, K. Das, T. P. Humphreys, R. J. Nemanich, and R. J. Markunas. "Microstructural defects and their elimination in heteroepitaxial GaAs on silicon-on-sapphire and sapphire substrates." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 588–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100154913.

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There is still great interest in developing device-quality GaAs heteroepitaxial systems for several technological applications and advantages. The majority of research effort in this field is currently directed towards GaAs-on-silicon largely because of the strong desire for monolithic integration of GaAs optoelectronics with well-established Si integrated circuitry. But as is now well-known, a high density of microstructural defects has limited the electronic/optoelectronic performance of the grown GaAs layers. Also, the considerable difference in the respective coefficients of thermal expansion leads to the introduction of significant tensile strain in the GaAs epilayer upon cooling. Microcracking has even been observed in thicker (≥ 5μm) films. One way to reduce this phenomenon is to use a substrate with a coefficient of thermal expansion that is closer to GaAs - e.g. sapphire. This contribution reports on some of our recent microstructural studies of GaAs grown on nominal (0001), (), and () sapphire and silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

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4

Canham, Leigh. "Silicon optoelectronics at the end of the rainbow?" Physics World 5, no. 3 (1992): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/5/3/30.

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5

Menke, Elisabeth H., David Leibold, Alexander P. Ullrich, Yana Vaynzof, and Michael Mastalerz. "Planar versus triptycenylene end-capped aroyleneimidazoles as electron acceptors in organic photovoltaics." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 5 (2017): 834–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qo00231a.

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6

Fang, Mei, Jinjin Huang, Yan Zhang, et al. "Pyrene-centered cyanophenyl end-capped starbursts: design, synthesis, stabilized blue electroluminescence and lasing properties." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 1, no. 4 (2017): 668–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6qm00133e.

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7

Lin, Kaiwen, Shijie Zhen, Shouli Ming, Jingkun Xu, and Baoyang Lu. "Synthesis and electro-optical properties of new conjugated hybrid polymers from EDOT end-capped dibenzothiophene and dibenzofuran." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 3 (2015): 2096–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj01854k.

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8

Zimmermann, H. "High-End Silicon PDICs." Advances in Radio Science 6 (May 26, 2008): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-6-83-2008.

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Abstract. An overview on integrated silicon photodiodes and photodiode integrated circuits (PDICs) or optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs) for optical storage systems (OSS) and fiber receivers is given. It is demonstrated, that by using low-cost silicon technologies high-performance OEICs being true competitors for some III/V-semiconductor OEICs can be realized. OSS-OEICs with bandwidths of up to 380 MHz and fiber receivers with maximum data rates of up to 11 Gbps are described. Low-cost data comm receivers for plastic optical fibers (POF) as well as new circuit concepts for OEICs and highly parallel optical receivers are described also in the following.

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9

Bilal, Muhammad, Wen Xu, Chao Wang, et al. "Optoelectronic Properties of Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Different Substrates Measured by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (2020): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040762.

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Monolayer (ML) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an important material in making, e.g., deep ultraviolet optoelectronic and power devices and van der Waals heterojunctions in combination with other two-dimensional (2D) electronic systems such as graphene and ML MoS 2 . In this work, we present a comparative study of the basic optoelectronic properties of low resistance ML hBN placed on different substrates such as SiO 2 /Si, quartz, PET, and sapphire. The measurement is carried out by using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) in a temperature regime from 80 to 280 K. We find that the real and imaginary parts of the optical conductivity obtained experimentally for low resistance ML hBN on different substrates can fit well to the Drude–Smith formula. Thus, we are able to determine optically the key sample and material parameters (e.g., the electronic relaxation time or mobility, the carrier density, the electronic localization factor, etc.) of ML hBN. The effect of temperature on these parameters is also examined and analyzed. The results obtained from this study enable us to suggest the appropriate substrate for ML hBN based electronic and optoelectronic devices. This work is relevant to the application to a newly developed 2D electronic system as advanced electronic and optoelectronic materials.

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10

Gibson, Gregory L., Dong Gao, Ashlee A. Jahnke, Jing Sun, Andrew J. Tilley, and Dwight S. Seferos. "Molecular weight and end capping effects on the optoelectronic properties of structurally related ‘heavy atom’ donor–acceptor polymers." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 35 (2014): 14468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02820a.

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11

Tsukamoto, Kenji, Koji Takagi, Keitaro Yamamoto, Yutaka Ie, and Takanori Fukushima. "End-functionalization of dithiarubicene: modulation of optoelectronic properties by metal-catalyzed coupling reactions and device application." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 18 (2021): 5920–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc01169c.

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In order to modulate the optoelectronic properties of dithiarubicene (DTR) by end-functionalization and reveal the structure–property relationship in detail, we have carried out a set of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions.

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12

Dellacà, Raffaele L., Andrea Aliverti, Paolo Pelosi, et al. "Estimation of end-expiratory lung volume variations by optoelectronic plethysmography." Critical Care Medicine 29, no. 9 (2001): 1807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200109000-00026.

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13

Yang, Tian-She, Chun-Yan Xu, Yuan-Ming Tu, and Shou-Zhi Pu. "3,3,4,4,5,5-Hexafluoro-1,2-bis[5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2-thienyl]cyclopent-1-ene." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 7 (2006): o2617—o2619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536806020812.

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The title compound, C29H28F6O2S2, a new symmetrical photochromic dithienylethene with 3-methoxyphenyl substituents, may have applications in optoelectronic devices. In the crystal structure, the molecule adopts a photo-active antiparallel conformation. The distance between the two reactive thiophene ring C atoms is 3.490 (5) Å.

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14

Li, Yuhang, Xiaoting Shi, Jizhou Song, et al. "Thermal analysis of injectable, cellular-scale optoelectronics with pulsed power." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 469, no. 2156 (2013): 20130142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0142.

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An ability to insert electronic/optoelectronic systems into precise locations of biological tissues provides powerful capabilities, especially in neuroscience such as optogenetics where light can activate/deactivate critical cellular signalling and neural systems. In such cases, engineered thermal management is essential, to avoid adverse effects of heating on normal biological processes. Here, an analytic model of heat conduction is developed for microscale, inorganic light-emitting diodes (μ-ILEDs) in a pulsed operation in biological tissues. The analytic solutions agree well with both three-dimensional finite-element analysis and experiments. A simple scaling law for the maximum temperature increase is presented in terms of material (e.g. thermal diffusivity), geometric (e.g. μ-ILED size) and loading parameters (e.g. pulsed peak power, duty cycle and frequency). These results provide useful design guidelines not only for injectable μ-ILED systems, but also for other similar classes of electronic and optoelectronic components.

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15

Hettick, Mark, Hao Li, Der-Hsien Lien, et al. "Shape-controlled single-crystal growth of InP at low temperatures down to 220 °C." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 2 (2019): 902–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915786117.

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III–V compound semiconductors are widely used for electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, interfacing III–Vs with other materials has been fundamentally limited by the high growth temperatures and lattice-match requirements of traditional deposition processes. Recently, we developed the templated liquid-phase (TLP) crystal growth method for enabling direct growth of shape-controlled single-crystal III-Vs on amorphous substrates. Although in theory, the lowest temperature for TLP growth is that of the melting point of the group III metal (e.g., 156.6 °C for indium), previous experiments required a minimum growth temperature of 500 °C, thus being incompatible with many application-specific substrates. Here, we demonstrate low-temperature TLP (LT-TLP) growth of single-crystalline InP patterns at substrate temperatures down to 220 °C by first activating the precursor, thus enabling the direct growth of InP even on low thermal budget substrates such as plastics and indium-tin-oxide (ITO)–coated glass. Importantly, the material exhibits high electron mobilities and good optoelectronic properties as demonstrated by the fabrication of high-performance transistors and light-emitting devices. Furthermore, this work may enable integration of III–Vs with silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processing for monolithic 3D integrated circuits and/or back-end electronics.

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16

LEBEDEV, DMITRIY, and EVGENIY ROZHKOV. "RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OZONATION OF CHICKEN EGGS." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 4, no. 41 (2020): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-4-75-82.

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The production of chicken eggs in the world, without slowing down, has passed for 1 trillion pieces. In conditions of saturation and oversaturation of many local markets, food eggs are transported to other remote regions or stored in warehouses, store shelves, losing their freshness and nutritional quality. The ozone can be used to disinfect the surface of chicken eggs, which suppresses microorganisms. Based on the disinfection and disinsection properties of ozone, it is proposed to treat chicken eggs with ozonated air after sorting them by opto-electronic method. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a method for surface disinfection and optoelectronic sorting of food and refrigerator chicken eggs, studying the effectiveness of the performed operations in comparison with traditional methods. (Materials and methods) Authors studied the efficiency of the optoelectronic system for sorting and electrozoning chicken eggs on the basis of a laboratory installation in the Kuban State Agrarian University. The reliability of the results is confirmed by a multiply repetition of research and reproducibility of the data, the use of generally accepted methods, instruments, and mathematical processing of experimental data. (Results and discussion) The article presents an experimental study to determine the effectiveness of electrozoning of chicken eggs in comparison with traditional methods. The article describes rational parameters and modes of operation of the optoelectronic installation for monitoring chicken egg shells. (Conclusions) The article presents an analytical description of the ratio of the main parameters of an optoelectronic installation for monitoring chicken egg shells. The article presents a basic electrical diagram for studying the parameters and operating modes of the installation. The greatest efficiency of electrosonation of chicken eggs is achieved when the ozone concentration is of 1000 milligrams per cubic meter and the ozonation time is 30 minutes; up to 99 percent of harmful microorganisms and viruses on the shell are eliminated.

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17

Wang, Lili, Isaac King, Pei Chen, Matthew Bates, and Richard R. Lunt. "Epitaxial and quasiepitaxial growth of halide perovskites: New routes to high end optoelectronics." APL Materials 8, no. 10 (2020): 100904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017172.

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18

Liu, Gang, Tong Zheng, Shou-Zhi Pu, and Jing-Kun Xu. "1,2-Bis[5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-thienyl]-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-ene: a new photochromic diarylethene compound." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 7 (2006): o2877—o2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536806022306.

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The title compound, C27H14F10S2, is a new symmetrical photochromic diarylethene derivative which can be used potentially for optical recording media and other optoelectronic device materials. The distance between the two reactive C atoms is 3.571 (4) Å. The dihedral angles between the thiophene rings and the attached benzene rings are 15.2 (6) and 24.7 (7)°.

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19

Fan Chao, 范超, 陈堂胜 Chen Tangsheng, 杨立杰 Yang Lijie, et al. "Fabrication of Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits Optical Receiver Front-End and Limiting Amplifier." Acta Optica Sinica 30, no. 3 (2010): 777–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20103003.0777.

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20

Cevher, Şevki Can, Duygu Keles, Gonul Hizalan, Levent Toppare, and Ali Cirpan. "Alkyl-end phenanthroimidazole modification of benzotriazole based conjugated polymers for optoelectronic applications." Synthetic Metals 244 (October 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2018.06.007.

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21

Konneh, Mohamed, Mohammad Iqbal, M. Asnawi B. Kasim, and Nurbahiah B. Mohd Isa. "High Speed Milling of Silicon Carbide with Diamond Coated End Mills." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.535.

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The primary applications of silicon carbide SiC-based materials, which include include micro-structures, optoelectronic devices, high temperature electronics, radiation hard electronics and high power/high frequency devices to name a few have necessitated the need for machining SiC. The paper presents the outcome of milling of silicon carbide using diamond coated end mill under different machining conditions in order to determine the surface roughness parameter after the machining processes. Relationship between the machining parameters and response variables has been established and a mathematical model has been predicted, the minimum roughness value, Rz being 0.19 µm.

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22

Weinhaendler, Johann, Rudolf Kaiser, and Hardy Kellermann. "A Decade of High Accuracy Die Attach Equipment and Process Developments (Addressing Photonics Device Packaging Challenges)." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2014, DPC (2014): 001727–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2014dpc-wp33.

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Fueled by the Internet and nowadays unlimited connectivity expectations, the assembly of optoelectronic packages became a key element to enable the explosive growth in the communication field around the entire globe. The primary challenge in the field of advanced optoelectronics and photonic device packaging (e.g. laser diodes, VCSEL's, optical benches, lenses etc.) is to accurately align the different optical components in reference to each other for optimal optical device performance. This growing need for high precision die attach (&lt;= 0.5um @ 3 sigma) systems and solutions at the shortest possible cycle times has been studied and implemented by AMICRA Microtechnologies. AMICRA's state of the art high accuracy automated assembly system solutions have been successfully used for over a decade in both a laboratory setup and a high volume manufacturing environment. From handling a large variety of substrate materials, thin and fragile chips with odd aspect ratios, lenses and other components, the flexible and dynamic vision alignment concept and the bonding process controls required to achieve high overall component placement accuracies has been AMCIRA's industry focus since the company's inception. While significant progress has been made to provide solutions for all communications and photonics applications there are currently still some challenges out there to be overcome, challenges that can also change on an application by application basis. Besides the technical challenges the cost effectiveness or cost per bond for those applications is a very critical overall success factor as well. This paper will elaborate on manufacturability concerns and equipment automation challenges associated with the key parameters of a Photonics applications high accuracy die attach process which, amongst others, not only require highly sophisticated vision alignment algorithms but also thermal transfer processes either using an eutectic process or a laser soldering technique. Given the ever shrinking packaging form factors, all of AMICRA's research and developments in the Photonics field have also been successfully introduced and applied in more traditional semiconductor applications which have an increasing need for high accuracy die attach.

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23

Eng, Png Ching, Sun Song, and Bai Ping. "State-of-the-art photodetectors for optoelectronic integration at telecommunication wavelength." Nanophotonics 4, no. 3 (2015): 277–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2015-0012.

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AbstractPhotodetectors hold a critical position in optoelectronic integrated circuits, and they convert light into electricity. Over the past decades, high-performance photodetectors (PDs) have been aggressively pursued to enable high-speed, large-bandwidth, and low-noise communication applications. Various material systems have been explored and different structures designed to improve photodetection capability as well as compatibility with CMOS circuits. In this paper, we review state-of-theart photodetection technologies in the telecommunications spectrum based on different material systems, including traditional semiconductors such as InGaAs, Si, Ge and HgCdTe, as well as recently developed systems such as low-dimensional materials (e.g. graphene, carbon nanotube, etc.) and noble metal plasmons. The corresponding material properties, fundamental mechanisms, fabrication, theoretical modelling and performance of the typical PDs are presented, including the emerging directions and perspectives of the PDs for optoelectronic integration applications are discussed.

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24

Bhadra, Sampa Rani, Ashok Kumar Pradhan, and Utpal Biswas. "Multi-hop traffic grooming routing and wavelength assignment using split light trail in WDM all optical mesh networks." Journal of High Speed Networks 27, no. 2 (2021): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jhs-210658.

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For the last few decades, fiber optic cables not only replaced copper cables but also made drastic evolution in the technology to overcome the optoelectronic bandwidth mismatch. Light trail concept is such an attempt to minimize the optoelectronic bandwidth gap between actual WDM bandwidth and end user access bandwidth. A light trail is an optical bus that connects two nodes of an all optical WDM network. In this paper, we studied the concept of split light trail and proposed an algorithm namely Static Multi-Hop Split Light Trail Assignment (SMSLTA), which aims to minimize blocking probability, the number of static split light trails assigned and also the number of network resources used, at the same time maximizing the network throughput. Our proposed algorithm works competently with the existing algorithms and generates better performance in polynomial time complexity.

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25

Davis, Andrew R., and Kenneth R. Carter. "Controlling Optoelectronic Behavior in Poly(fluorene) Networks Using Thiol–Ene Photo-Click Chemistry." Macromolecules 48, no. 6 (2015): 1711–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma5014226.

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26

Zuo, Zhenyu, HongjianPP Sun, and Xiaoyan Li. "Effect of End-capping Functional Groups on the Optoelectronic Properties of Oligothiophene Derivatives." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 30, no. 10 (2012): 2401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201200487.

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27

Wangatia, Lodrick Makokha, Ting Zeng, Bin Sun, and Mei Fang Zhu. "Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Substituted Perylene Imide End Capped with POSS Nanoparticle and a Preliminary Study of its Electronic Properties." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.701.

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Nanoparticle amino polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) substituted at the end core of 1,7 bay amino substituted perylene imide dye (POSS-PDIpy) and characterized using FT-IR and NMR. Concentration dependant UV-Vis absorption showed reduction in aggregation due to double suppression of π-π interaction by pyrrolidine and POSS substitution. Bay substitution of the PDI with pyrrolidine red shifted the maximum absorption peak to near infrared region which is a good condition for maximum light absorption, this may have good potential for use in optoelectronic application.

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Fareza, Ananta Rizki, Ferry Anggoro Ardy Nugroho, and Vivi Fauzia. "Facile Synthesis of 1T-MoS₂ Nanoflowers Using Hydrothermal Method." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.173.

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Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the promising 2D materials thanks to its outstanding physicochemical properties and therefore is predicted to play a key role in optoelectronics devices and energy applications. MoS2 exhibits three phases with distinctive crystal structure depending on its stacking order: 1T (metallic), 2H (semiconducting), and 3R (semiconducting). Among all of them, 1T-MoS2 has become the center of interest due to its e.g., high catalytic activity. However, most of the methods to obtain 1T-MoS2 are complex and costly, for example strain engineering, electron beam treatment, and plasmonic hot electron injection. As response, we here demonstrate a facile and cost-efficient hydrothermal route at 200 °C to synthesize MoS2 with high content of 1T phase. MoS2-200 °C nanoflowers has an average diameter of 2.96 µm with the S/Mo atomic ratio of 1.50 and the band gap of 1.39 eV. It has an additional diffraction peak at 2θ = 9.22o, indicating the transformation of semiconducting 2H into metallic 1T. Higher concentration of 1T phase in MoS2-200 °C is also indicated by high intensity of the E1g Raman peak.

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LEDOUX, I., and J. ZYSS. "NONLINEAR ORGANIC MOLECULES AND MATERIALS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 03, no. 03 (1994): 287–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199194000183.

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The development of important applications related to optical telecommunications and optical signal processing rely increasingly on nonlinear optical phenomena underlying these optical functions such as frequency conversion and modulation, amplification and emission, multiplexing and directional switching, optical logical gates, and others. This will depend on the design, elaboration and availability of new materials displaying enhanced nonlinearities to be subsequently integrated into waveguiding devices. Organic materials are noteworthy candidates in this context, provided their microscopic and macroscopic properties are properly optimized with respect to the type of application required. Among the key-factors in the development of these materials are the quasi-unlimited variety of molecular structures accessible by organic synthesis, the possibility to connect specific nonlinear properties to other kinds of functionalities which are of crucial importance for the development of commercial devices (e.g., compatibility with other materials used in integrated optical circuits such as semi-conductors), and their exceptionally large second-order, non-resonant nonlinear response. Such performances are strongly dependent on a better understanding of the ‘molecular engineering’, rules, correlating molecular structures to their nonlinear optical properties towards optimization of the microscopic second order polarizabilities β and third-order polarizabilities γ. We will present in the following some examples of the most recent developments of highly efficient nonlinear molecules, ranging from purely one-dimensional structures such as polyenes to fully three-dimensional systems, taking full advantage of the tensorial character of the microscopic or macroscopic susceptibility tensors.

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Iovine, Renato, Luigi La Spada, Richard Tarparelli, and L. Vegni. "Spectral Green's Function for SPR Meta-Structures." Materials Science Forum 792 (August 2014): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.792.110.

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In this paper we propose a new approach to study the electromagnetic field in Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) meta-structures. The geometry is a planar structure infinitely extended with a pulse excitation current embedded in the substrate. The general solution has been applied to a specific geometry that is frequently employed to model practical problems. The minimization of the thickness changes spectral Green's function in a more efficient form, suitable for calculations. Plasmon electric field expression on interface plane is obtained. This kind of meta-structures is suitable in various fields of application (e.g. optoelectronics and electromagnetic sensors).

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Huang, Cuiying, Yiwei Zhang, and Xinping Zhang. "End-emitting nano organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with directional output." Nanophotonics 9, no. 9 (2020): 2905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0145.

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AbstractWe report a new strategy for the design of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), where nanoscale OLEDs are fabricated into a large-area periodic array with their emission propagating along the active layer and being coupled out through the end facets. A large-area template dielectric grating is produced by interference lithography. The OLED devices are then produced on the side walls of the template grating lines, where each device is carried by the back of a grating line and has a width of <300 nm and a height of about 270 nm. The emission is coupled out of the device on the end facet window after a maximum propagation length of shorter than 300 nm through the active layer, reducing largely metallic absorption by the electrodes and overcoming the optical loss by waveguide confinement. Furthermore, such a configuration enables directional concentration of the output emission. The nanoscale OLEDs also imply large potentials for integration into optoelectronic systems.

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Kyriakis-Bitzaros, E. D., N. Haralabidis, M. Lagadas, A. Georgakilas, Y. Moisiadis, and G. Halkias. "Realistic end-to-end simulation of the optoelectronic links and comparison with the electrical interconnections for system-on-chip applications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 19, no. 10 (2001): 1532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.956141.

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Kivala, Milan, and François Diederich. "Conjugation and optoelectronic properties of acetylenic scaffolds and charge-transfer chromophores." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 3 (2008): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880030411.

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Our group started a research program in acetylene chemistry in 1987; since then, an intense research effort led to a fascinating journey into acetylenic scaffolding, aimed at exploring conjugative and optoelectronic properties of acetylenic chromophores. This journey included the generation of a unique molecular construction kit for acetylenic scaffolding, consisting of (E)-1,2-diethynylethenes [DEEs, (E)-hex-3-ene-1,5-diynes], tetraethynylethenes (TEEs, 3,4-diethynylhex-3-ene-1,5-diynes), chiral 1,3-diethynylallenes (DEAs, hepta-3,4-diene-1,6-diynes), 1,4-di and 1,1,4,4-tetraethynylbutatrienes, chiral trialkynylmethanes, and 1,1,2,2-tetraethynylethanes. These building modules were subsequently applied to the synthesis of carbon-rich architectures extending into one, two, and three dimensions. They include multinanometer-long monodisperse oligomers as models for infinite acetylenic polymers, molecular switches, perethynylated dehydroannulenes, expanded radialenes, and radiaannulenes, and an octamethoxy-substituted expanded cubane with a central C56 core. Donor-substituted cyanoethynylethenes (CEEs) and 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobuta-1,3-dienes (TCBDs) were introduced as new push-pull chromophores featuring intense intramolecular charge-transfer (CT) interactions. Dendritic multivalent CT chromophores were constructed using atom-economic, "click"-like reactions, and these systems were shown to behave as "molecular batteries", featuring exceptional electron uptake and storage capacity. The research finally led to the development of an unprecedented cascade reaction for the preparation of dendritic and oligomeric donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules. New [AB]-type oligomers become accessible in domino reactions involving repetitive sequences of [2+2] cycloadditions of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) to polyynes, followed by retro-electrocyclizations.

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Talipov, Marat R., Anitha Boddeda, Qadir K. Timerghazin, and Rajendra Rathore. "Key Role of End-Capping Groups in Optoelectronic Properties of Poly-p-phenylene Cation Radicals." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118, no. 37 (2014): 21400–21408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5082752.

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Abakevičienė, Brigita, Asta Guobienė, Dalius Jucius, and Algirdas Lazauskas. "Free-Standing Composite Films Based on Thiol-Ene and PEDOT: PSS Layers for Optoelectronic Applications." Polymers 13, no. 8 (2021): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081299.

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Free-standing composite films were fabricated by combining the plane parallel layers of thiol-ene based on pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate)-1,3,5-triallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (PETMP-TTT) UV curable polymer and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) conductive polymer. A systematic analysis was performed with the focus on mechanical performance of the free-standing composite films. The PEDOT:PSS/PETMP-TTT composite exhibited higher values of adhesion force compared to the free-standing PETMP-TTT film due to hydrophilic nature of the PEDOT:PSS layer. The composite was found to be highly transparent in the range of 380–800 nm. The Young’s modulus and tensile strength of PETMP-TTT were found to be 3.6 ± 0.4 GPa and 19 ± 3 MPa, while for PEDOT:PSS/PETMP-TTT to be 3.5 ± 0.3 GPa and 20 ± 3 MPa, respectively. The sheet resistance values of the PEDOT:PSS layer in the composite film were found to be highly stable after a number of bending iterations with slight increase in sheet resistance from 108 to 118 ± 2 Ω/□. The resultant PEDOT:PSS/PETMP-TTT composite can be further used in optoelectronic applications.

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Zhang, Yurou, Miaoqiang Lyu, Tengfei Qiu, et al. "Halide Perovskite Single Crystals: Optoelectronic Applications and Strategical Approaches." Energies 13, no. 16 (2020): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164250.

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Halide perovskite is one of the most promising semiconducting materials in a variety of fields such as solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes. Lead halide perovskite single crystals featuring long diffusion length, high carrier mobility, large light absorption coefficient and low defect density, have been attracting increasing attention. Fundamental study of the intrinsic nature keeps revealing the superior optoelectrical properties of perovskite single crystals over their polycrystalline thin film counterparts, but to date, the device performance lags behind. The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single crystal-based solar cells is 21.9%, falling behind that of polycrystalline thin film solar cells (25.2%). The oversized thickness, defective surfaces, and difficulties in depositing functional layers, hinder the application of halide perovskite single crystals in optoelectronic devices. Efforts have been made to synthesize large-area single crystalline thin films directly on conductive substrates and apply defect engineering approaches to improve the surface properties. This review starts from a comprehensive introduction of the optoelectrical properties of perovskite single crystals. Then, the synthesis methods for high-quality bulk crystals and single-crystalline thin films are introduced and compared, followed by a systematic review of their optoelectronic applications including solar cells, photodetectors, and X-ray detectors. The challenges and strategical approaches for high-performance applications are summarized at the end with a brief outlook on future work.

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Deng, Kaimo, and Liang Li. "Ternary nickel cobaltite nanostructures for energy conversion." Functional Materials Letters 08, no. 04 (2015): 1530002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604715300029.

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Ternary nickel cobaltite nanostructures have found their application in many optoelectronic devices due to their excellent electronic and catalytic properties. In this review paper, we will discuss two synthetic strategies for ternary nickel cobaltite nanostructures: nickel cobaltite nanopowders and conductive substrate supported nickel cobaltite, respectively. Then selected examples utilizing ternary nickel cobaltite nanostructures as building blocks for solar cells, photodetectors and water oxidation will be highlighted. In the end, an outlook and conclusion will be given about the future research and development in this field.

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Pa, Pai Shan. "Defects Removal Using a Triangular-Shape Designed Tool." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.203.

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A new triangular-shape designed tool as a cathode in microelectromechanical etching process is a precision nanoscale production of a reclamation system of Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin-films defects removal from optoelectronic flat panel displays’ color filter surface is demonstrated in the current study. Through the ultra-precise removal of the thin-film nanostructure, the optoelectronic semiconductor industry can effectively reclaim defective products, reducing production costs. In the current experiment, a large size triangular shape cathode is accompanied by a small gap-width between the cathode and the workpiece takes less time for the same amount of ITO removal. A higher feed rate of displays’ color filter or a small end radius of the cathode combined with enough electric power produces fast machining. Pulsed direct current can improve the effect of dregs discharge and is advantageous in association with a fast workpiece feed rate. However, it raises the current rating. A large flow rate of the electrolyte corresponds to a higher removal rate for the ITO nanostructure. The electrochemical etching just needs a short time to make the ITO remove removal easy and clean.

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Suchońska, Barbara, Wanda Gajzlerska-Majewska, and Mirosław Wielgoś. "Evaluation of a real-time optoelectronic method in the diagnostics of CIN over four years of observations." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0247702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247702.

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Cervical cancer is considered to be particularly amenable to prevention and highly treatable in its early stages. The real-time optoelectronic method of cervix examination seemed to be very promising in the detection of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and demonstrated relatively good efficacy. Although this method was introduced into clinics almost 10 years ago, it has not found its place in diagnostic schemes. At the moment, cytological smears and HPV detection with genotyping are still essential. TruScreen seems to be a slightly forgotten test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of TruScreen in detecting cervical pathology: CIN and cervical cancer confirmed with a histopathological diagnosis in comparison with other methods–cytology and colposcopy over four years of observations. The study was conducted on 130 women with abnormal Pap smear results. We can conclude that a real-time optoelectronic method like TruScreen can be useful as an effective initial cervical cancer screening in developing countries, possibly in combination with other methods. The combination of cytology and TruScreen examination may help clinicians to take decision about the next diagnostics steps (e.g. colposcopy) and contribute to better primary screening for cervical cancer.

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Catellani, Alessandra, Alice Ruini, and Arrigo Calzolari. "Optoelectronic properties and color chemistry of native point defects in Al:ZnO transparent conductive oxide." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 32 (2015): 8419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc01699a.

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Meric, Henri, Frédéric Lofaso, Line Falaize, and Didier Pradon. "Comparison of Two Methods to Compute Respiratory Volumes Using Optoelectronic Plethysmography." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 32, no. 2 (2016): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2015-0116.

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Plethysmography is an indispensable component of clinical lung function testing. However, lung volume measurement in the supine position using an optoelectronic system requires the placement of reflective markers on the anterior and lateral torso surface. The conventional method computes breath-by-breath changes in the volume between the markers and the bed, which serves as the reference plane. In contrast, the surface method consists of measuring the volume delineated by the surface area of the marker network at the onset and end of inspiration. We compared these 2 methods to spirometry during spontaneous breathing in 11 healthy volunteers and in 14 patients receiving routine visits for neuromuscular disease. Bland-Altman plots showed that agreement with spirometry was better for the surface method that the conventional method. Our results open up prospects for integrating these methods in the development of new devices.

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Durso, Margherita, Cristian Bettini, Alberto Zanelli, et al. "Synthesis, size-dependent optoelectronic and charge transport properties of thieno(bis)imide end-substituted molecular semiconductors." Organic Electronics 14, no. 11 (2013): 3089–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2013.07.019.

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43

Das, N. R., and M. J. Deen. "On the optimum design of the front-end PIN-heterojunction bipolar transistor optoelectronic integrated circuit photoreceiver." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 20, no. 3 (2002): 1067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1472424.

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Xue, Yu, Zexu Xue, Wenwen Zhang, et al. "Effects on optoelectronic performances of EDOT end-capped oligomers and electrochromic polymers by varying thienothiophene cores." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 834 (February 2019): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.01.007.

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Vladut, Cristina Maria, Susana Mihaiu, Ecaterina Tenea, et al. "Optical and Piezoelectric Properties of Mn-Doped ZnO Films Deposited by Sol-Gel and Hydrothermal Methods." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (February 10, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6269145.

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Nowadays, multifunctional materials are of high interest due to their ability to be used in different applications by controlling one or two parameters (e.g., morphology and/or dopant). Zinc oxide is an intensive-studied material because of its large usability. Recently, we have shown that the conduction, transparency, and charge carrier concentration of ZnO can be controlled by changing the dopants, leading to promising materials as transparent conductive oxide films. In this work, sol-gel (SG) and hydrothermal (HT) methods were used separately or in combination in order to obtain ZnO films doped with Mn (1, 2, and 5%) for possible application in transparent optoelectronics or as piezoelectric materials. The manganese (Mn) dopant in the form of anhydrous manganese acetate was used to obtain Mn-doped ZnO films. ZnO hydrothermal (HT) growth was made on a previously ZnO seed layer, formed by sol-gel method. The Mn-doped ZnO films were deposited on microscope glass and on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. A comparative characterization of the films for their structure, morphology, and optical and piezoelectric properties was achieved. SG films exhibit equiaxed nanoparticles, with diameters around 50 nm, while the films prepared by HT show a homogeneous morphology consisting of uniform 1D nanorods, sized about 30 nm diameter and 200–300 nm length. XRD diffractograms evidenced the presence of zincite phase (wurtzite structure hexagonally close packed), with an improvement in crystallinity of the HT films (compared with SG ones), which present a stronger tendency to be oriented along (002) plane (c-axis) at 2% at Mn. Spectroscopic ellipsometry shows that the films obtained by SG are much thinner than the ones obtained by HT and that the refractive index is increasing with the percent of dopant. The band gap energy was found to decrease with the Mn doping level from 3.28 eV (undoped ZnO) to 3.10 eV (ZnO doped with 5 at% Mn) for the samples deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si. The maximum transmission is found for the undoped ZnO film and decreases with Mn concentration but remains over 78% in the visible range. From the piezoelectric tests, it was found that the d33 coefficient is much larger for the HT samples in comparison with the SG samples, especially for 2 and 5 at% Mn. The optical and piezoelectric results could be of interest for applications in optoelectronic or piezoelectric devices.

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Liu, Gang, Chun-Yan Xu, Shou-Zhi Pu, and Jing-Kun Xu. "1,2-Bis[5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-thienyl]-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-ene: a new photochromic diarylethene compound." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 7 (2006): o3028—o3030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680602318x.

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The title compound, C27H14F10S2, is a new symmetrical photochromic diarylethene derivative which can be used potentially for optical recording media and other optoelectronic device materials. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Both adopt a photoactive antiparallel conformation. The distances between the reactive C atoms in the two molecules are 3.664 (7) and 3.621 (7) Å. For one molecule, the dihedral angles between the central cyclopentene ring and the thiophene rings are 46.4 (9) and 51.9 (9)°, and those between the thiophene rings and the adjacent benzene rings are 2.1 (8) and 18.9 (8)°. For the other molecule, the dihedral angles between the central cyclopentene ring and the thiophene rings are 134.5 (9) and 44.3 (9)°, and those between the thiophene rings and the adjacent benzene rings are 2.7 (8) and 27.7 (8)°.

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Guisinger, Nathan P., and Michael S. Arnold. "Beyond Silicon: Carbon-Based Nanotechnology." MRS Bulletin 35, no. 4 (2010): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2010.729.

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AbstractFor more than two decades, scientists and engineers have focused on impending limitations (from high-power densities and heat distribution to device patterning) that constrain the future miniaturization of conventional silicon technology. Thus far, academic and industrial efforts have risen to the challenge and continue to advance planar silicon processing, pushing traditional microtechnology to the nanometer scale. However, insurmountable limitations, both of physical nature and cost, still loom and motivate the research of new nanomaterials and technologies that have the potential to replace and/or enhance conventional silicon systems. As time has progressed, another Group IV element has emerged as a front-runner, looking beyond silicon, in the form of carbon-based nanotechnology. The focus of this issue is to provide a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art in carbon-based nanomaterials and nanotechnologies and their potential impact on conventional silicon technologies, which are not limited to electronics but also encompass micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems, optoelectronics, and memory. Recent advances in carbon nanotube growth, sorting, and optoelectronics will be discussed, and the relatively new and surging area of graphene research will be introduced. In addition, progress in controlling the growth and properties of ultrananocrystalline and nanocrystalline diamond thin films will be reviewed. These efforts are multidisciplinary, heavily materials focused, and tend to translate information and ideas to other carbon-based studies (e.g., graphene is the building block of carbon nanotubes).

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Zhao, Yuming, Guang Chen, Karimulla Mulla, et al. "Tetrathiafulvalene vinylogues as versatile building blocks for new organic materials." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 4 (2012): 1005–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-09-22.

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Although tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and its derivatives have been extensively studied as important organic electronic materials over the past half century, tetrathiafulvalene vinyl-ogues (TTFVs) still remain a relatively underdeveloped branch in the family of TTF derivatives. Our recent work has investigated the synthesis and characterization of a class of diphenyl-substituted TTFVs carrying alkynyl functionality. The unique conformational and redox properties of such TTFV derivatives along with the versatile chemistry enabled by acetylenic groups (e.g., metal-catalyzed coupling and click reactions) have led us to a variety of functional molecular architectures ranging from oligoynes, polymers, and molecular tweezers, to macrocycles. Property studies of these new TTFV-based molecular materials point to appealing applications in molecular electronics and optoelectronics.

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Pietrzak, Marek, and Beata Jędrzejewska. "Aromatic Amines in Organic Synthesis. Part II. p-Aminocinnamaldehydes." Molecules 26, no. 14 (2021): 4360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144360.

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Ten derivatives of p-aminocinnamic aldehydes were prepared from the reaction of either aromatic amines with dimethylaminoacrolein or benzaldehydes with acetaldehyde. Their chemical structure and purity were verified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopic methods. We found that the synthesis applying dimethylaminoacrolein as the reagent gets better yields than the one based on the reaction with acetaldehyde. The yields of the cinnamic aldehydes varied according to the type of the amino group and the number and position of the substituents. The basic spectroscopic properties of the p-aminocinnamic aldehydes are also described since the compounds may be a precursor for the synthesis of dyes for diverse applications, e.g., in medicine and optoelectronics.

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Osw, Peshawa, Andrea Nitti, Media N. Abdullah та ін. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Scalable D-A-D π-Extended Oligomers as p-Type Organic Materials for Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells". Polymers 12, № 3 (2020): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030720.

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The synthesis and characterization of four novel donor-acceptor-donor π-extended oligomers, incorporating naphtha(1–b)thiophene-4-carboxylate or benzo(b)thieno(3,2-g) benzothiophene-4-carboxylate 2-octyldodecyl esters as end-capping moieties, and two different conjugated core fragments, is reported. The end-capping moieties are obtained via a cascade sequence of sustainable organic reactions, and then coupled to benzo(c)(1,2,5)thiadiazole and its difluoro derivative as the electron-poor π-conjugated cores. The optoelectronic properties of the oligomers are reported. The novel compounds revealed good film forming properties, and when tested in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell devices in combination with PC61BM, revealed good fill factors, but low efficiencies, due to their poor absorption profiles.

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