Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Or – Gisements – Géologie'
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Simos, Eugenios S. "Géologie et géochimie des indices aurifères de la région de Stanos : Grèce septentrionale." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL039N.
Full textMunara, Askar. "Formation des gisements d'uranium de type roll : approche minéralogique et géochimique du gisement uranifère de Muyunkum (Bassin de Chu-Sarysu, Kazakhstan)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0070.
Full textRoll front ore U-ore deposits in the Chu-Sarysu basin (Kazakhstan) occur in paleogene, continental silicoclastic formations. Sedimentary sequences include unconsolidated arkosic sands and clay lenses, formed by detrital minerals issued from granites and calkalcaline volcanites but also from paleozoïc series from Karatau. All formations are characterized by a fine grain clay fraction dominated by smectites, associated with palygorskite which could be the result of alternated humid and dry periods. All series underwent a rather shallow burial which is indicated by the immature feature of the organic matter, the presence of newly formed unaltered smectites, and the presence of pyrite framboïds which are formed by bacterial sulphate reduction, indicated by the wide range of delta34S of pyrites. Sands are locally cemented by calcite which precipitated from meteoric fluids at low temperature. U-ores are spatially and genetically related to sulphides and organic matter, especially in levee facies at the top of the sedimentary sequence and in association with organic macro-clasts disseminated within the sand channels. Phospho-coffinites occur latter on. These deposits show similarities with those of Wyoming but differ by the size of the roll fronts front redox, the heterogeneity of the U-ores at small scale, and a probable significant pre-concentration associated with organic matter
Lo, Khalidou. "Étude géologique des gisements de phosphate de Bofal et de Loubboira (Mauritanie meridionale)." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4099.
Full textSoetarno, Djoko. "Minéralisation uranifère dans le bassin de la Kalan, Kalimantan (Indonésie) : géologie et géochronologie." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10129.
Full textGerbeaud, Olivier. "Evolution structurale du bassin de Tim Mersoï : le rôle des déformations de la couverture sédimentaire sur la mise en place des gisements uranifère du secteur d’Arlit (Niger)." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112352.
Full textThe Arlit U-deposits (Niger), situated in the eastern part of the Tim Mersoï Basin, less tan 50 km from the Air mountains (SE of the Hoggar), are hosted in reduced carboniferous sandstones. U-deposits are low to medium grade concentration, tabular-type, geographically controlled near major faults in the sedimentary cover. The tectonic history of the Tim Mersoï Basin is closely linked to the geodynamical context of Western Africa, since Palaeozoic to Tertiary times, and to the rejuvenation of panafrican major lineaments in the basement. This study confirm the role played by the upper Carboniferous syn-sedimentary tectonics on the sanstones channels architecture. Reduced sandstones channels are favourable zones where concentrate U-ore deposits. Compression that principally occurred from upper Cretaceous, induced the rejuventation of major faults, and conferred at the Tim Mersoï bain its general morphology. During this NW-SE compressionnal event, brittle shear zones had been created in the sedimentary cover, along the NS and almost N30° major faults (sinistral strike-slip motion). We have shown that this brittle fault zones affecting the sedimentary cover, and notably the NS Arlit-In Azawa fault, were the locus of important fluid circulations during the upper Cretaceous event. The Arlit economic U-déposits are located at the intersection between NS/NNE-SSW major brittle faults and sedimentary reduced trapps (sandstones channels)
Lobaev, Vladimir. "Caractéristiques minéralogiques et géochimiques du bassin sédimentaire mésoprotérozoique de Pasha - Ladoga et de son socle (Bouclier Balte, Russie). Implications pour la génèse des gisements d'uranium de type discordance." Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0005_LOBAEV.pdf.
Full textThe mineralogy and the geochemistry of the Mesoproterozoic (Riphean) Pasha-Ladoga volcanic - sedimentary intracontinental clastic basin (Russian Karelia), associated uranium mineralization and underlying basement lithologies have been characterized and compared with those of highly mineralized districts having similar age and lithologic associations. The clastic sediments appear much more immature than highly mineralized basins of the Athabasca (Canada) and Kombolgie (Northern Australia). However, large-scale fluid circulation has been evidenced in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks and Mesoproterozoic rapakivi granites of the basement and in the overlying clastic sediments of the Pasha - Ladoga area, where the Karku unconformity related uranium deposit has been discovered. These fluid circulations are related to zircon alteration and to a lesser degree to monazite at the regional scale and essentially with a Fe-chlorite and carbonate alteration assemblage produced in the mineralized districts
Antoine, Pierre. "Les terrasses quaternaires du bassin de la Somme : étude géologique et géomorphologique : Contribution à la connaissance du paléoenvironnement des gisements paléolithiques." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10143.
Full textSilva, Coelho Carlos Eduardo. "Genèse de fluides dans les zones déformées et minéralisées en or de la ceinture de roches vertes de Rio Itapicuru (Brésil) : gisements de Fazenda Brasileiro et Fazenda Maria Preta : une reconstruction basée sur l'étude des inclusions fluides dans leur contexte microstructural." Orléans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ORLE2042.
Full textPelleter, Ewan. "Géologie, géochimie et géochronologie du gisement aurifère de Tamlalt-Menhouhou (Haut-Atlas oriental)." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192430.
Full textRakotovao, Andrianavah Marius. "Carte paléontologique de Madagascar : inventaire et mise en valeur du patrimoine paléontologique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30363/document.
Full textMadagascar has been isolated from Gondwana during the Mesozoic: she separated from the african continent, ca. 180 Ma, and from the indian subcontinent, ca 150 Ma. Since then,biological evolution followed its own rythm, what Philibert COMMERSON had yet foreseen in 1771, writing that Madagascar was the "laboratory of nature" and that "Madagascar was the true land of promise for naturalists". After almost two hundred years of paleontological researches, it is time for a mapped balance sheet of Madagascar : it is the subject of this thesis. The literature on Madagascar is extremely abundant, and we brought together more than 2000 publications, printed between 1829 and 2014, in relation to the paleontology of the Island. They allowed to identify nearly 3500 fossil species, 3% of Plants (104 taxa), 89% of "Invertebrates" (231 Foraminifera, 183 Cnidarians, 14 Bryozoans, 56 Brachiopods, 6 Annelids, 392 Bivalves, 206 Gasteropods, 1746 Cephalopods, 129 Crustaceans, 60 terrestrial Arthropods and 85 Echinoderms) and 8% of Vertebrates (76 "Fishes", 7 Amphibians, 29 "Reptiles", 24 non avian Archosauromorphs, 52 Birds and 82 Mammals). These taxa are distributed in over 400 paleontological sites from the upper Paleozoïc (Permian) to the Quaternary (Holocen), distributed as follows : twenty Permian sites, 24 Triassic, over 110 Jurassic, over 130 Cretaceous, 16 Tertiary et 42 Quaternary sites. Some taxonomic groups are over-represented (eg ammonites), while others should promise new discoveries (archosaurs, mammals!...). The periods themselves have a different focus (Mesozoic vs. Cenozoic) and in the same vein, the paleontological sites are unevenly distributed in the territory (the Northwest is the most explored). The research potential is still very high. Fossils and paleontological sites are placed in a map database with comments. Thus we have achieved, at least we hope, an useful basic tool for scientists, also a "global" book for teachers and naturalists, and a support to reflection and decision for Madagascar administrators and politicians at both regional and national levels
Salze, David. "Etude des interactions entre uranium et composés organiques dans les systèmes hydrothermaux." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10075/document.
Full textFormers studies on the relations between organic matter and uranium have shown that these interactions go since the complexation and the transport of uranium in organics fluids until its reduction by the organic matter leading to the uranium-bearing mineral precipitation. An experimental study of these reactions to 200°C and 500 bars between experimental compounds (pure organic compounds) such as the n-alkanes (n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane, n-dodecane, n-tétradécane and n-hexadecane), an n-alcene hydrocarbon (n-dec-1-ene), cycles (butyl-cyclohexane and cyclo-hexane) and the aromatic ones (butyl-benzene and naphthalene), and hexavalent uranium oxides was undertaken. These experiments allowed to show a progressive oxidation of n-alkanes starting from made up C6. The increasing size of the aliphatic chains and the increase in the time of setting in interaction are major factors of the increase in the environment oxidizing capacity in interaction with uranium on the organic compound. The determination of the oxidation step of uranium oxides after experiment made it possible to determine that in aqueous environment the aliphatic model compounds are reducers more powerful than the aromatic compounds. An organic matter from lake or marine origin generally has an aliphatic fraction larger than the organic matter of continental origin and thus will be more likely to reduce uranium. A natural example, the uranium deposits in the sandstones from Arlit, the tectonolithologic type, was selected in order to apply the results obtained in the experimental part. They are located in fluviatil sandstones rich in organic matter of continental origin (type III) deposited in the paleochannels. Former authors considered that only this organic matter of type III was responsible for the reduction of U (VI) in U (IV). Work which was undertaken in the present study shows that migrated oils of probable marine origin strongly contributed to the genesis of uranium mineralisation. The petrographic analyses proved that (i) solid bitumens, resulting from the polymerization of migrated oils, are present in abundance in the porosity of the sandstones and fractures at the level of the channels of the Tarat formation (Tamou, Takriza, Southern Taza in careers) and Guézouman (mine sector of Akouta), and (ii) uranium mineralization is mainly associated with this migrated organic matter currently expressed in the form of solid bitumens. In those, uranium is related which are present at an infra-micrometric scale in the solid bitumens. The oils highlighted in fluid inclusions in the overgrowths of the detrital quartz grains in the sandstones of the Guézouman and Tarat formations confirm that channels of these two formations are the source of the oil migration. Thus, the dominating role of the organic matter of marine origin in the genesis of uranium-bearing mineralization of tectono-lithological type is highlighted in a joint way by the experimental approach of the interactions organic matter/uranium and by the characterization of this matter from the uraniferous layers in the Arlit area
Aloub, Ousama Abed Elkarim. "Les Gisements aurifères du district d'Ariab (Soudan) : recherche d'une méthode de traitement pour la valorisation de l'ensemble des minerais." Orléans, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ORLE2060.
Full textBonnetti, Christophe. "La genèse des gisements de type roll front dans le bassin d'Erlian, Chine." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0282/document.
Full textThe Erlian Basin located in NE China developed during the late Mesozoic continental extension in eastern Asia. This basin lies on a basement corresponding to the eastern part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt. Indosinian magmatism (236.8±5.8 Ma) is widely represented by high-K calcalkaline granites derived from an enriched mantle (low 143Nd/144Ndi; negative epsilon Nd(t)) and correspond to major U sources. Braided fluvial systems of post-rift sediments of the Erlian Basin correspond to favorable sedimentary conditions for the genesis of permeable and reduced sandstones. Post-rift sediments contain significant synsedimentary U concentrations, mainly adsorbed on clay minerals. These pre-concentrations are redistributed in situ, during the diagenetic evolution, and mineralized as coffinite and pitchblende replacing pyrite or pyritized OM (e.g. Nuheting). The OM occurring within these sediments is mainly terrigenous and corresponds to kerogens of type IV, thermally immature. Finally, the roll front-type Bayinwula deposit is characterized by a biogenic model involving reactions between OM, U-rich Fe/Ti oxides and sulfate-reducing bacteria. In the pyrite zone, the OM is degraded by bacteria and replaced by pyrite. H2S production contributes in the dissolution of Fe/Ti oxides that are progressively epigenized into pyrite, characterized by strongly negative values of delta 34S. U concentrations from Fe/Ti oxides and OM are liberated and can be leached by oxygenated groundwater. H2S creates a reducing barrier contributing in the reduction of uranium that precipitates at the redox front as coffinite and ningyoite
Musial, Geoffray. "Architecture stratigraphique et modélisation sédimentaire 3-D des réservoirs à IHS (« Inclined heterolithic Stratification ») de la formation du McMurray, Canada." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066314.
Full textLesbros-Piat-Desvial, Marion. "Hydrothermal Alteration and Uranium Mineralization at the Camie River Prospect (Otish Basin, Québec)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25277.
Full textThe Camie River prospect is interpreted as an unconformity-related uranium deposit, located in the southeastern part of the Paleoproterozoic Otish Basin (Québec). The high-grade uranium mineralization consists essentially of disseminated and vein uraninite close to the unconformity between Aphebian fluviatile, orange/pink feldspathic and green muscovite pervasively altered sandstones and conglomerates of the Matoush Formation (Otish Supergroup) and the underlying sulfide-bearing, faulted, graphitic schists of the Archean Hippocampe greenstone belt (Tichegami Group). Feldspathic and muscovite hydrothermal alterations are characterized by a common U ± W ± Th enrichment, and Na2O ± SiO2 and K2O ± Al2O3 respective enrichments. According to the new Re-Os 1724 ± 4.9 Ma age of the molybdenite intergrown with uraninite (Urn1), uranium mineralization would have precipitated from basinal brines enriched in Mo, Th, Nb, W, Ag and REE, approximately 450 million years after the Otish gabbro dykes and sills intrusion.
Diagana, Bocar. "L'importance des remobilisations des métaux (Cu, Zn, Au) lors du métamorphisme rétrograde : étude des paléofluides et des assemblages minéralogiques des amas sulfurés sud-ibériques de Tharsis et La Zarza." Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0058_DIAGANA.pdf.
Full textYonta, Ngoune Clément. "Le contexte géologique des indices de talc de la région de Boumnyebel (Chaîne panafricaine d'Afrique Centrale, Cameroun)." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10007/document.
Full textNew field work and petrological studies in the Boumnyebel area has led us to redefine rock types and discuss their bearing on the evolution of the Pan-African fold belt of central Africa. Two units are distinguished. A Palaeoproterozoic unit consists of orthogneisses and amphibolites restricted to the south and southwest of the area studied. It is overlain by a Pan-African unit (nappe) comprised in its lower part of garnet micaschists associated with amphibolites, metagabbros, hornblendites and pyroxenites, and towards its top of garnet + kyanite micaschists locally associated with marble and amphibolites; talcschists occur as discontinuous =30 m thick layers mainly above the lower micaschists. The rock types in the lower part of this nappe suggest active margin environments with detrital input from a nearby continental crust (arc or back-arc context), whereas in the upper part they rather suggest detrital input from a nearby continental crust submitted to erosion. Metamorphism in the Pan-African formations corresponds to amphibolite facies conditions, reaching anatexis to the NW of the area studied (migmatites). The metamorphic peak (syn-D2) is estimated at ~ 650-670°C / ~ 9.5 kbar at ca. 620 Ma (monazite Th-U-Pb data), and the isograds are in normal positions. These data suggest that the thermal peak postdate nappe emplacement. We emphasize that the presence in significant proportions of mafic and ultramafic rocks of tholeiitic affinity in the lower part of the series suggests the existence of an active margin to the North of the Congo craton during the Neoproterozoic
Morichon, Elisa. "Les défauts d'irradiation dans les minéraux argileux : des marqueurs de la mobilité de l'uranium dans le contexte des gisements d'uranium associés à une discordance." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/4582/2008-Morichon-Elisa-These.pdf.
Full textThis study presents the works driven on three groups of clay minerals (kaolins, illite, sudoite (di-trioctahedrical chlorites)) characteristics of the alteration halos surrounding unconformity-type uranium deposits, in order to reveal uranium paleocirculations in the intracratonic meso-Proterozoïc basins (1,2 – 1,6 Ga). Thanks to Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (EPR), we were able to highlight the persistence of structural defects in kaolin-group minerals contemporaneous of the basin diagenesis, and demonstrate the existence of relatively stable defects in illites and sudoites contemporaneous of the uranium deposits setting. Thus, the main defect in illite (Ai centre) and the main defect in sudoite (As centre) are characterized by their g components such as, respectively, gı = 2,003 et g// = 2,051 for illite and gı = 2,008 et g// = 2,051 for sudoite. As the main defect in kaolins (kaolinite/dickite), the main defects in illite and sudoite are perpendicularly oriented according to the (ab) plane, on the tetraedrical Si-O bound. However, their thermal stabilities seem different. The observation of samples from different zones (background, anomal or mineralized) of the Athabasca basin (Canada) allowed to identify a parallel evolution between actual defects concentration measured in the different clay minerals and the proximity of the mineralisation zones. Consequently, clays minerals can be considered as potential plotters of zones where uranium-rich solutions have circuled
Rouillard, Pierrick. "Modèle architectural et lithologique du système de Rosetta (Delta du Nil, Méditerranée orientale) : implication pour un analogue actuel de réservoir pétrolier." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4113.
Full textLes systèmes sédimentaires turbiditiques modernes présentent un intérêt aussi bien académique qu’industriel pour la compréhension de la construction des marges continentales, ainsi que pour l’élaboration d’analogues de réservoirs pétroliers. Depuis de nombreuses années, les systèmes sédimentaires situés au large des grands deltas, sont des cibles préférentielles des compagnies pétrolières, car les systèmes deltaïques et turbiditiques sont édifiés par/selon des processus hydrodynamiques reconnus pour leur capacité à trier et à concentrer les sables. Le besoin d’analogues est crucial pour l’exploration pétrolière, principalement pour les réservoirs marins profonds. Leur grande variabilité de taille, d’épaisseur et leur changement latéral de faciès rendent ces systèmes très difficiles à prédire et modéliser aussi bien de façon analogique que numérique. L’analyse de la géométrie et du mode d’empilement des corps sédimentaires « récents » peut ainsi améliorer notre capacité à comprendre les réservoirs enfouis à plusieurs milliers de mètres sous le fond marin. Le système de Rosetta (Province Occidentale du Delta du Nil) est probablement un des meilleurs sites pour l’étude d’un appareil gravitaire moderne silto-argileux alimenté par un delta, car d’une part son histoire récente, son architecture générale, sa source et les facteurs contrôlant la dispersion sédimentaire sont aujourd’hui bien contraints, et d’autre part le Delta du Nil correspond à la principale zone d’exploration gazière en Méditerranée. L’objectif de ce travail est donc de présenter un modèle architectural et lithologique du système de Rosetta à l’échelle du Quaternaire, en intégrant l’ensemble des environnements de la marge (plateau continental, pente et bassin profond). Une telle corrélation plateau-bassin n’a encore jamais pu être effectuée complètement dans aucun des grands systèmes turbiditiques modernes et constitue donc le point fort de ce travail. Une large couverture de données sismiques 2D et 3D sur l’ensemble du système de Rosetta (au Nord ouest du delta du Nil), associée à un cadre stratigraphique relativement bien contraint, a permis de caractériser les objets sédimentaires et de reconstituer l’architecture générale du système depuis le Pliocène supérieur. Parmi ces objets, 11 canyons et 18 dépôts de transport en masse ont notamment été cartographiés sur la plate-forme et la pente continentale. La chronologie des évènements de dépôt, qui a pu être particulièrement détaillée pour les derniers 200 ka, et les séquences de dépôts associées ont servi de base pour la conception du modèle. Le système de Rosetta apparaît comme un système à source ponctuelle instable (ou migrante), principalement contrôlé par les variations relatives du niveau marin, les variations de flux sédimentaires et les déstabilisations de bordure de plate-forme. Le caractère cyclique des séquences de dépôt mis en évidence en profondeur suggère que l’organisation stratigraphique peut être appliquée aux dépôts plus anciens tels que les Formations El Wastani et Kafr El Sheikh, connues comme d’importants réservoirs de gaz dans la région du Delta du Nil. Plus généralement, la comparaison du système de Rosetta (ou Nil récent) avec des systèmes analogues comme le Mississippi ou l’Amazone a montré que le fonctionnement du système général du Delta du Nil n’est pas unique à l’échelle du globe et que le modèle obtenu représente un bon analogue moderne pour les systèmes sédimentaires de subsurface déposés en domaine marin profond
Schaub, François. "Estimation géostatistique de l’impédance acoustique après migration prestack en profondeur." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1449.
Full textOne of the main goal of geosciences in the petroleum industry is to build accurate and predictive reservoir models, expressed in terms of properties such as geological facies, porosity or acoustic impedance. The seismic reflection technique, at the base of geophysical prospecting, provides the reflection coefficients associated to the geological interfaces. These coefficients give information about the subsurface structures and allow us to estimate the layers petroacoustic properties. We use a preserved amplitude prestack depth migration which gives the depth migrated seismic data, where reflectivity variations versus angle are conserved. The variation analysis is done with the common image gathers sections along trajectories defined by the reflectivity variations with the angle. These trajectories provide a geology depth structural interpretation (the skeleton) with two major AVA attributes: intercept and gradient. A horizon picking phase using both skeletons defines the intervals where the simulation will be achieved. Then, after the interpretation of the hydrocarbons anomalies over the seismic and AVA attributes sections, we propose to locally constrain the geostatistical simulation in order to reproduce these anomalies. To handle it, we use the relationship between the acoustic impedance and the intercept. This method finally provides a depth acoustic impedance section, valid over the whole studied area, which contains the hydrocarbon anomalies for a possible oil and gas exploration & production
Bogatu, Adina. "The orfée prospect : a neoarchean orogenic gold occurrence along the contact between the La Grande and Opinaca subprovinces (Eeyou Istchee James Bay, Québec)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28164.
Full textThe Orfée, Orfée Est and Le Moyne-extension showings, hosted by Archean iron formations, are located 300 m north of the contact between the La Grande and the Opinaca subprovinces, in the Eeyou Istchee Baie James area, Quebec, Canada. The Orfée showing (~0.2 Mt at 14.5 g/t Au) has an apparent thickness of 40 m and a continuous lateral extension of 100 m; gold values reach up to 93.7 g/t Au. Towards the north, locally mineralized amphibolites (4 g/t Au) are in faulted contact with the iron formations. A wacke unit, bordering the BIFs to the south, is only very weakly mineralized. Syn D₂/M₂, the lithological assemblage is highly deformed and metamorphosed up to amphibolite facies. The native gold is associated with semi-massive to massive pyrrhotite, concentrated in D₂ and D₃ structural traps. Native gold inclusions in pyrrhotite and in metamorphic silicates, relicts of pyrite in pyrrhotite and gold bearing löllingite suggest gold mineralization was introduced pre to syn metamorphism. The gold mineralization emplacement was constraint between 2703 ±7 Ma, age of a dioritic dyke intruded pre to syn mineralization, and 2613 ±0.4 Ma, age of a pegmatitic granite injected post mineralization. Two weighted average model ages of 2582 ±13 and 2557 ±12 Ma for gold-bearing arsenopyrite were obtained by Re-Os dating. These ages most likely represent the retroversion of löllingite to arsenopyrite during a M₃ retrograde metamorphic event. Native gold associated with retrograde alterations (e.g. chlorite, epidote, sericite and prehnite) along fractures suggest gold remobilization. In summary, the gold from Orfée is interpreted to be orogenic (2703 Ma to 2613 Ma), pre to syn M₂ metamorphism, remobilized during a retrograde metamorphic event (M₃; 2582 Ma to 2557 Ma).
Sciuba, Marjorie. "Texture and composition of scheelite, tourmaline and rutile in orogenic gold deposits." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66580.
Full textScheelite, tourmaline and rutile from orogenic gold deposits and districts, hosted in varied country rocks and metamorphic facies of various ages were investigated to establish discriminant features to constrain indicator mineral surveys for gold exploration. Texture and mineral associations were investigated by optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Scheelite, tourmaline and rutile present a wide range of size, texture, and mineral association that are not informative for indicator mineral surveys. Mineral composition was determined using Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer (EPMA) and Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Results were investigated with elemental plots and multivariate statistics including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The composition of the metamorphic facies of the local country rocks as well as the regional country rocks exert a strong control on scheelite, tourmaline and rutile trace element composition. In scheelite Sr, Pb, U, Th, Na, REE and Y; in tourmaline Ga and Sn; and in rutile Nb, Ta, V and Cr vary with the country rock composition. In scheelite, REE, Y, Sr, Mn, Nb, Ta and V; in tourmaline, Ga, Sn, Ti, REE, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Th and U; and in rutile Nb, Ta, V and Cr vary with the metamorphic facies of the country rocks. Scheelite trace element composition vary with the country rock age whereas tourmaline and rutile do not show any compositional variation with the country rock age. Compositional variation results of fluid-rock exchange during fluid flow to gold deposition site. Results for minerals from orogenic gold deposits are compared with those from various deposit types and geological settings from literature. Scheelite and tourmaline from orogenic gold deposits present clearly a distinct compositional variation, compared to scheelite and tourmaline from other deposit types and geological settings. Scheelite from orogenic gold deposits have distinct Sr, Mo, Eu, As and Sr/Mo, but indistinguishable REE signatures, compared to scheelite from other deposit types. Binary plots such as Sr/Li vs V/Sn, Sr/Sn vs V/Nb, Sr/Sn vs Ni/Nb and Sr/Sn vs V/Be discriminate orogenic gold deposit tourmaline from that from other sources. Elemental plots highlight a transitional variation in the trace element composition of tourmaline from metamorphic, to hydrothermal-magmatic to, magmatic environments. Rutile from orogenic gold deposits has a distinctive Mn, V, Sn, Sb and W composition compared to those from various deposits types and geological settings. Binary diagrams, including V vs Sb and Nb/V vs Sn/V, discriminate rutile from orogenic gold deposits from those from hydrothermal-magmatic and magmatic deposit types. Other binary diagrams, such as Nb/V vs W, discriminate partially orogenic gold deposit rutile from hydrothermal and metamorphic-hydrothermal environments.
Chugunova, Tatiana. "Contrainte des modèles génétiques de réservoirs par une approche de reconnaissance statistique de forme." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004452.
Full textFolcher, Nicolas. "Contrôles géodynamiques et climatiques du système fluvio-lacustre de Nouvelle-Calédonie, conséquences sur les gisements de nickel latériques." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NCAL0004/document.
Full textThe Fluvio-lacustrine Formation located in the southern part of the 'Grande-Terre' is confined to small intramontaneous basins which possess a complex geometry. This formation with a maximal thickness of 70m has a distinctive feature which is that it reworks weathering products formed upon peridotites and gabbros (iron-rich laterites, kaolinitic clays).Unlike its name suggests, most of the sedimentary infill occurs in fluvial conditions and often starts with a very coarse torrential conglomerate. The only known occurrences of lacustrine sediments are restricted to actual lakes and dolines. Due to the lobbed shape of some basins and the numerous dolines developed upon the infill, these basins were previously interpreted as 'poljes' resulting from the coalescence of dolines (Trescases, 1975). However, the ante fluvio-lacustrine sediments topography revealed by drillings highlight old valley established by a hydrographic network similar to the actual network, controlled by straight faults. ln most basins (Pernod, Netcha, Plaine des Lacs, K04), sediments from the Fluvio-lacustrine Formation lay directly on in situ weathering formation, which means they have not been much eroded, unlike the north-western part of the island. The lack of well-defined outlets imply a partially endoreic evolution of these basins. Concerning the Rivière des Pirogues basin and the Yaté basin, sediments are limited to the north east by the uplifted block of Unia-Goro which played the role of a dam allowing the accumulation of sediments. Sediments from the Fluvio-lacustrine Formation are constrained by Koum-Yaté-Goro and Koum-Col de Plum fault zone and located at the vertical of a positive gravimetric anomaly. The later, interpreted as a thickening of the Peridotite Nappe could aIso result from a crustal thinning which caused an ascent of the mantle below. Topographic depression created by this process could have favour the accumulation and later preservation of sediments
Lalonde, Erik. "Alteration and Cu-Zn mineralization of the turgeon volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit (New Brunswick, Canada)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30505/30505.pdf.
Full textThe Turgeon deposit is a mafic-type Cu-Zn volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit hosted in the Middle Ordovician gabbros, sheeted dykes, and pillow basalts of the Devereaux Formation of the Fournier Group in the Elmtree-Belledune Inlier, northern New Brunswick (Canada). The Turgeon deposit consists of two lensed-shaped Cu-Zn massive sulfide zones (“100m Zinc”, “48-49”) composed of pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite, underlain by chalcopyrite-pyrite stockworks. Trace element geochemistry indicates that the host rocks are composed primarily of tholeiitic basalts and andesites with mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) signatures. Alteration mineral assemblages of the footwall basalts proximal to mineralization are dominantly chlorite ± quartz in the stockwork zone, and calcite ± siderite ± pyrite ± talc near the massive sulfide lenses. Sulfides at Turgeon have an average δ34S of 6.9 ‰ (5.8 – 10‰), indicating that sulfur was derived from thermochemical reduction of Ordovician seawater sulfate.
Mejía-Herrera, Pablo-Eliécer. "Apport de la modélisation 3D et de la restauration structurale dans la compréhension des gisements de matières premières minérales." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0308/document.
Full textThe objective of this Ph.D. thesis is to apply 3D and 4D modeling methods to reconstruct the architecture and deformations over time of geological entities in a defined region. Structural restoration modeling is used here to estimate geological, physical and structural attributes for understanding the origin of ore-deposits, and for identifying potential mineralized areas. We focused this thesis on 3D and 4D modeling on real case studies with different geological contexts (e.g. uplifting, fault activity and shortening), demonstrating the advantages and drawbacks on their use for similar situations. This thesis is organized into three parts: (i) the application of structural modeling in the mining district of the Copper Belt of Legnica-Glogów (south-west Poland). A surface-restoration approach was applied to estimate favorable conditions for hydraulic fracturing during an inversion, occurred in the northern part of Europe at Late Cretaceous--Early Paleocene. In our hypothesis, hydraulic fracturing developed at that time played an important role in the distribution of copper content observed in present days in the mining district. (ii) The curvature calculated on triangulated surfaces that represent the stratigraphic horizons in the Fore-Sudetic region (Poland), are used to highlight the fault systems in the basement as well as their activity. High curvature values reveal the fault activity which is associated with the copper mineralization process in the region. (iii) Mechanical restoration of the Mount Pleasant, Western Australia, simulates an Archean shortening event which occurred in the area linked to the gold mineralization process. The mechanical restoration was used to estimate the strain field in the region at the time of shortening. This deformation field was used to estimate the damage parameters of the rock mass. They show new potential gold areas located in off-fault gold systems. In conclusion, it is shown that 3D modeling and structural restoration could be used to identify potential favorable zones for the presence of mineralization, and seem promising as a tool for the exploration of ore-deposits and mineral resources
Ursule, Jean-Philippe. "Sédimentation et structure de la formation Cangalli, Bolivie. Conséquences sur la distribution de l’or en contexte tectonique actif (paléo-placer)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10200/document.
Full textThe “Cangalli Formation” (Eastern Cordillera, Bolivia) is a detrital, glacofluvial formation with an established gold potential (paleo-placer) in the Tipuani-Mapiri region. This thesis aims to determine the origin, source, contribution and deposition conditions of the "Cangalli Formation" on an area being assessed by the Rexma SAS Company (area of the mine “La Esperanza”, south of Caranavi). The analysis of the formation structure and gold distribution should allow to evaluate the gold potential of this sector and to provide guidelines for gold prospecting. Two parallel approaches have been developed: fieldwork (topography, mapping, stream exploration, sedimentological study of facies, granulometry, sampling) and laboratory experiments (clasts and matrix characterization using optical petrography, SEM, XRD, microprobe, CHONS). Sedimentological analysis allowed to propose a filling model in line with the tectonic evolution of the Andean Cordillera Real. The filling shows 4 sequences, 3 of them consist of an alternation between fluvial and alluvial deposits. Comparison of the two Cangalli facies easily recognizable on the field by two different colors (blue and red) showed that the distinction was not stratigraphic but associated with an alteration affecting the initial blue formation. The study of the distribution of gold particles (125-1000 microns) showed that gold is of hydrothermal origin. In addition, the results clearly show that the gold distribution is heterogeneous in the "Cangalli Formation" the riches levels being in the basal sequences. These results lay the groundwork for industrial exploitation of the mining concession
Philippe, Sylvie. "Systématique U-Pb et évolution comparée des minéralisations uranifères du bassin d'Athabasca (Saskatchewan, Canada) : cas des gisements de la structure Carswell et de Cigar Lake." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20095.
Full textRaskevicius, Thomas. "Whole-rock δ¹⁸O and δ²H footprint of the Canadian Malartic Gold deposit, Pontiac sub-province, Quebec, Canada." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27868.
Full textThe Canadian Malartic gold deposit is the result of a hydrothermal system that altered the host metasedimentary rocks of the Pontiac Group, metavolcanic rocks of the Piché Group, porphyritic dykes and sills, and mafic dykes. Gold mineralization formed by hydrothermal fluids flowing through these rocks and resulted in exchange reactions of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes. These reactions are reflected in whole-rock δ18O and δ2H values of the rocks that can be used to map the isotopic footprint of the mineralized system. The isotopic footprint in Pontiac greywackes is marked by an increase in δ2H values away from mineralization from -91‰ to background values of ca. -59‰, whereas δ18O values remain relatively constant near 10‰. Mafic dykes in the area also record a footprint marked by an increase in δ2H values from 84‰ near mineralization to background values ca. -73‰ and a decrease in δ18O values away from mineralization from 9.8‰ to background values of ca. 8.3‰. The isotopic composition of the metamorphic fluid in equilibrium with the average least altered greywacke at upper greenschist to amphibolite conditions of ca. 475°C is approximately δ18O = 7.6‰ and δ2H = -12‰. This is very near the compositions of the mineralizing fluid at the Canadian Malartic deposit reported by previous studies. Kriging of regional variations in oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions in host rocks to the Canadian Malartic deposit enables the mapping of the isotopic footprint. In greywackes, the 59‰ δ2H isopleth encircles the mineralized domain and is elongated towards the northwest and southeast, while the 9.9‰ δ18O isopleth appears to encircle the mineralized domain, but, remains very close to the background values. In mafic dykes, the -73‰ δ2H isopleth encircles the mineralized domain as well as a large area to the south and southeast while the 8.3‰ δ18O isopleth encircles the centre of the mineralized domain and extends over an area towards the southeast. Host rock oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions thus permit the identification of a cryptic alteration footprint up to 2.5 km outside of the Canadian Malartic.
Savard, Catherine. "Modélisation numérique 3D de l'écoulement et des échanges isotopiques dans des réseaux de fractures." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23838/23838.pdf.
Full textLeveque, François. "Confrontations des données biochronologiques et magnétostratigraphiques dans les gisements continentaux du Paléogène européen : étalonnage temporel de l'echelle biochronologique mammalienne." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20064.
Full textBranquet, Yannick. "Étude structurale et métallogénique des gisements d'émeraude de Colombie : contribution à l'histoire tectono-sédimentaire de la cordillère orientale de Colombie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_BRANQUET_Y.pdf.
Full textThe Colombian emerald deposits, hosted in the Lower Cretaceous series, form two zones along the western and eastern flanks of the Eastern Cordillera (western and eastern zones). Within both zones, metallogenic processes, hydrothermal fluid composition and fluid-rock interaction are similar. However, detailed structural mapping and geometric analysis evidenced that structural controls synchonous with the mineralization are drasticaly different from the western to the eastern zone: the western emerald deposits, as the Muzo and Coscuez ones, are characterized by compressive structures formed along tear faults, whereas the eastern emerald deposits, as the Chivor one, present extensional structures branched on a brecciated level which acted as a local detachment, gravity driven. This brecciated level corresponds to an evaporite dissolution residue. Petro-structural studies of veins and breccias show that high fluid pressures enhanced the propagation of the thrusts within the western deposits, where fluidization phenomena and associated hydraulic fracturing occurred. Regional cross-sections coupled with radiometrie datating of the emerald deposits show that : 1) at the time of the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, when the western deposits formed, the western side of the Eastern Cordillera became a fold-and-thrust belt and experienced clockwise bloc rotations, prior to the major uplift of the Cordillera during the Andean phase (middle Miocene) ; 2) on the eastern side of the Cordillera, the emerald deposits are hosted in an unic regional stratigraphic level containing evaporites. The emerald mineralization occurred at the time of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, during a thin-skinned extensional tectonic event. This event predates the Andean major uplift of this eastern part of the Cordillera. In this area, Andean uplift results from right-lateral transpressional tectonics
Lemarchand, Jérémie. "Les minéralisations filoniennes aurifères du pluton de Bourlamaque (Val d'Or, Abitibi) : synthèse structurale et apports de la datation ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar." Thèse, Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S130.
Full textThe Bourlamaque pluto contains about ten post-metamorphic load gold deposits, formed by quartz-tourmaline-carbonate-sulphide veins in association with reverse mylonitic shear zones. The mineralization corresponds to a Riedel type shear zones network evolving from steeply dipping structures. Several north-dipping barren structures have been also recognized and interpreted as being related to a post-mineralization structural event. Interpretation of the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data set suggests that the first fluids related to the mineralization are recorded by the amphibole of the Bourlamaque plutonic rock at ca. . 2605 Ma, synchronously with a regional exhumation phase. Geometry of age spectra from mylonitic shear zones is typical of dynamic recrstallization and consistent with indications of hydrothermal circulations possibly extending until ca. 2505 Ma in the gold veins themselves. The cyclicity of the plateau ages frequency peaks from white micas and the delay between quartz veins and mylonitic shear zones spectra are consistent with a fault-valve hydrothermal activity. Finally, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of the Bourlamaque plutonic rock together with auriferous quartz veins and related mylonitic shear zones provides renewed perspective and elements for a better understanding of the global context of load gold deposits in the Val d'Or area
Firdaous, Karima. "Étude des fluides dans une zone sismogénique fossile : les gisements aurifères mésothermaux archéens de Val d'Or, Abitibi, Québec." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL111N.
Full textBen, Hassen Aïda. "Données nouvelles sur la matière organique associée aux séries du bassin phosphaté du sud-tunisien (Gisement de Ras-Draâ) et sur la phosphatogenèse." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00293075.
Full textWalter, Bastien. "Réservoirs de socle en contexte extensif : genèse, géométries et circulations de fluides : exemples du rift intracontinental du lac Albert (Ouganda) et de la marge proximale d'Ifni (Maroc)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0201/document.
Full textThis work aims to characterize with a multi-scale and multi-method approach the effects of both brittle deformation and weathering processes on the structural and petrophysical properties of two surface analogue case studies developed in extensive setting. This approach allows us to build a conceptual hydrocarbon basement reservoir model for both studied systems. These geological models enhance the understanding of those non-conventional petroleum systems from the maturation zone to storage in the basement. Moreover, this study can also provide information for exploration guides for those hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study points out the multi-scale distribution of all the features constituting the reservoir, over ten orders of magnitude from the pluri-kilometric scale of the major tectonics structures to the infra-millimetric scale of the secondary micro-porosity of fractured and weathered basements units. Major fault zones allow the “compartmentalization” of the reservoir by dividing it into several structural blocks. The analysis of these fault zones highlights the necessity for the basement reservoirs to be characterized by a highly connected fault and fracture system, where structure intersections represent the main fluid drainage areas between and within the reservoir’s structural blocks. The suitable fluid storage areas in these reservoirs correspond to the damage zone of the fault structures developed during the tectonic evolution of the basement and the weathered units of the basement roof developed during pre-rift exhumation phases. This study highlights therefore that basement reservoir properties are the result of the long geodynamic evolution of these rocks
Cortes, Pascal. "Mécanismes et caractérisation de la fracturation de mode 1 dans les roches stratifiées : terrain et expérimentations." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20214.
Full textSevin, Brice. "Cartographie du régolithe sur formation ultrabasique de Nouvelle-Calédonie : Localisation dans l’espace et le temps des gisements nickélifères." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NCAL0067/document.
Full textThis work deals with regolith development on ultramafic rocks in New Caledonia. From the Oligocene on, the peridotite Nappe is subject to supergene weathering under wet tropical climate. The weathering mantle (regolith) that develops, led to geological phenomena of which the most remarkable are economie concentrations of Ni and Co. This particular regolith developed on ultramafic rocks, has been extensively studied in the past, especially for its economie interest. A lmowledge synthesis is presented. Data acquired during this work helps identifying the mineralogical, geochemical and geologicalevolution of weathering profiles. An important contribution to the knowledge of the Jess known fine saprolite (or laterite), has been done. Mapping ultramafic units and their weathering mantle (1/50, 000) is based on usual field observations, geomorphology, structural analysis, alterology, hydrogeology, etc. To improve mapping in remote areas, new tools were assessed. The first tool, hyperspectral remote sensing, has been successful used on areas of bare sail, but also to performmineralogical mapping having an interest in mineral exploration (mapping of distribution of iron oxy-hydroxides and of serpentinisation grade). The second method used is the gamma spectrometry to map the late-intrusive dyke network of the ophiolite. The age of formation of the regolith remains difficult to establish. The use of an indirect method by paleomagnetic dating allows for the first time to assign an age to the top-most ferricrete of the weathering profiles. The oldest age obtained (25 Ma) shows that weathering began during Late Oligocene at Thiébaghi and Goro, at both ends of the Grande Terre, butceased at Thiébagi while continuing up to the present period in the south of Massif du Sud (Goro). The paleomagnetic and petrographie study of ferricretes from the West Coast klippen, show the difficulty of finding remnants of the Oligocene surface on these units. Geomorphological observations show evidences of an early dismantling of the regolith onthese units due to large vertical movements. An overview of "post-abduction" events may be proposed by the further study of (i) post-abduction Oligocene sediments (Népoui series) and (ii) Late Oligocene granitoids. The recent discovery of an Early Miocene limestone unit of younger age below the Pindaï conglomerate (Népoui Group) allows to reassess precisely the time of deposition of this torrential conglomerate, consisting mainly of Oligocene regolith elements. Age obtained is very close to that of the Koum granite that has undergone a rapid exhumation (new apatite fission tracks data). A tectonic rather than eustatic cause explains better the large vertical movements responsible for the present geomorphology of the Norfolk Ridge. Slab break off of the overridden plate, responsible for the abduction, allowed the intrusion of Koum granitoid and the uplift of the ridge, du ring the opening of an asthenospheric window. The different rate of uplift between the North and the South of Grande Terre is responsible for the present configuration of peridotite massifs. In the northern part of Massif du Sud, the West Coast and the North of Grande Terre, the ultramafic units are in a mountainous context and nickel deposits are of the saproiite silicate type (a few plateaus have also laterite deposits). In the southern part of Massif du Sud, in a context of basins, nickel deposits are of the oxide lateritic type
Moussa, Yahaya. "Dynamique sédimentaire du Guezouman et des formations viséennes sous-jacentes en liaison avec la tectonique, le volcanisme et le climat : Paléomilieux des gîtes uranifères d'Arlit (Niger)." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS053.
Full textAucoin, Martin. "Métallogénie de la zone Marco, gîte aurifère Corvet Est, Baie-James, Québec, Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25880/25880.pdf.
Full textAhamdach, Noureddine. "Mobilité de l'uranium, du thorium et des éléments de terres rares au cours de l'altération latéritique, de l'infiltration d'eau météorique en milieu granitique et de la diagenèse d'une formation volcano-sédimentaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL125N.
Full textAuzias, Vincent. "Contribution à la caractérisation tectonique des réservoirs fracturés : modélisation photoélasticimétrique des perturbations de contrainte au voisinage des failles et de la fracturation associée, application pétrolière : mécanismes de développement en 3D des diaclases dans un analogue de réservoir, le Dévonien tabulaire du Caithness (Ecosse)." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20146.
Full textCabanes, Nelly. "Contribution à l'étude de zones de cisaillement dans le manteau supérieur : analyse texturale, pétrologique et géochimique de deux gisements de péridotites en enclaves dans les basaltes alcalins, Montferrier (Hérault, France) et San Quintin (Baja California, Mexique)." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20016.
Full textVernet, Jean-Raymond. "Étude des relations entre les données atmogéochimiques, hydrogéochimiques et géophysiques en vue de la détection des minéralisations uranifères, (bassin permien de Lodève, Hérault, France)." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20152.
Full textHérisson, David. "Étude des comportements des premiers Néandertaliens du Nord de la France : les occupations saaliennes des gisements de Biache-Saint-Vaast et de Therdonne." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824754.
Full textDubé, Pascal. "Geostatistical analysis of the troilus deposit : uncertainty and risk assessment of the mine planning strategy." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23419/23419.pdf.
Full textThis thesis examines the effect of local and spatial uncertainty of the mineral reserves estimates for the Troilus gold deposit. Two geostatistical methods have been used: indicator kriging and sequential indicator simulation. A new set of geological envelope has been defined based on the grade distribution of the exploration hole samples. For each zone, composites, statistics and variograms have been calculated based on gold assays coming from exploration holes (DDH) and production blastholes (BH). A recoverable reserve block model based on indicator kriging was created from the exploration holes and a grade control block model was produced from the production blastholes. The recoverable reserve model was calibrated based on the grade control model and the data from the mined out part of the orebody. Uncertainty related to the variability of the mineralization was assessed through 25 conditionally simulated block models. Open pit optimization Whittle software was used as a transfer function to compare each model. Elements such as ore tonnage, grade, ounces contained and discounted value (NPV) have been used to analyse the risk inherent to each model. Finally, reserve estimates within an already established pit design were used as a second method of comparison.
Bellot, Jean-Philippe. "La structure de la croûte varisque du Sud-Limousin (Massif-Central français) et ses relations avec les minéralisations aurifères tardi-orogéniques : apport des données géologiques, gitologiques, géophysiques et de la modélisation 3D." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20214.
Full textBonnet, Julien. "Distribution et contrôle cristallographique des éléments Ge, Ga et Cd dans les sphalérites des gisements de type Mississippi Valley dans les districts de Central et East Tennessee, USA." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0298/document.
Full textMississippi Valley-type Type deposits (MVT) in central and eastern Tennessee, respectively MTM (Middle Tennessee Mine) and ETM (East Tennessee Mine), contain large reserves of zinc in the form of sphalerite, but also germanium in substitution of zinc in sphalerite. However, only the deposits District MTM contain economic concentrations of germanium. These two mining districts hosted in the same geological formations and with a comparable mineralogy, are compared in order to understand the distribution of germanium and other trace elements in MVT. Analyses at atomic scale by atomic absorption spectroscopy X, XANES and EXAFS, revealed several of germanium configurations in sphalerites: germanium can substituted to zinc in ZnS under 2 + and 4+ form, but it can be under the form of nanoscale inclusions of germanium oxide associated with sphalerite. Analyses at mineral scale by electron microprobe, LA-ICP-MS and Raman spectroscopy showed two groups of trace elements: i) the first group composed by Fe and Cd is preferentially incorporated following (110) faces of sphalerite, ii) the second group composed by Cu, Ga and Ge, is preferably incorporated following (010) faces of sphalerite. The coupling of Raman spectroscopy with laser ablation ICP-MS revealed a partitioning of trace elements between the cubic and hexagonal forms of ZnS: the elements Cd and Fe are more concentrated in the cubic form, while Cu, Ga and Ge are more concentrated in the hexagonal ZnS
Mushal, Abdelgadir-Salih. "Les gisements de magnétite de Burguillos del Cerro et de Jerez de los Caballeros (province de Badajoz, Espagne) : le métaphorisme de contact hercynien de dépôts carbonates et ferrifères cambriens." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10310.
Full textMamane, Mamadou Marah. "Le système métallogénique des gisements d’uranium associés à la faille d’Arlit (Bassin de Tim Mersoï, Niger) : diagenèse, circulations des fluides et mécanismes d’enrichissement en métaux (U, Cu, V)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0231/document.
Full textThe main U-deposits of Niger (Arlit, Akouta, and Imouraren) are all located in the Tim Mersoï Basin, east of the Arlit Fault. The deposits of Arlit and Akouta are hosted in Carboniferous formations and have a substantially reduced uranium mineralization, while the Imouraren deposit is contained in a Jurassic formation in the form of predominantly oxidized uranium mineralization with some pockets of reduced mineralization. New ore bodies discoveries west of the Arlit Fault in the regions of Arlit and Akouta and the differences between the U-deposits in the Carboniferous and Jurassic, have encouraged a reevaluation of the previous metallogenic models. The objective is to determine whether the uranium mineralizations of Tim Mersoï Basin were formed during the same diagenetic/hydrothermal event in relation with a major geotectonic event, or if they are polyphase over time, in order to propose a general metallogenic model. A multi-technique approach involving a detailed study of diagenesis, fluid circulations, mineralization, geochronology and geothermometry was applied to trace the burial history of the basin and constrain the P-T conditions of uranium deposition. Two main phases of uranium mineralization are distinguished: (i) A diagenetic/hydrothermal episode between 100 and 135 Ma in which primary uranium and copper minerals precipitate in reduced environment under conditions close to maximum burial (P : 80-120 bars, T : 115-150 °C), in relation with Atlantic rift periods during Cretaceous. (ii) A serie of remobilizations of primary uranium minerals in oxidizing environment to form secondary uranium, vanadium and copper minerals under supergene conditions related to uplift since 50 Ma, during the major events of oxidation in western Africa