Journal articles: 'Oral Tongue Cancer'

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Choi, Eun Chang. "Oral Tongue Cancer." Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 14, no. 1 (2003): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35420/jcohns.2003.14.1.40.

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S, Franjić. "In Shortly about Cancer of the Tongue." Journal of Health Care and Research 1, no. 1 (2020): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2020/hcr.6152.

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Cancer of the tongue is a type of oral cancer that occurs in the front two-thirds of the tongue. If cancer occurs at the back of the tongue, then it is a type of head or neck cancer. These cancers are extremely rare and occur in a small number of cases. Cancer in the front of the tongue also does not occur as often, but it is the most common type of oral cancer. Cancer of the tongue mainly occurs in squamous cells – thin, flat cells that are found on the surface of all soft tissues, and therefore the tongue. Cancer of the tongue is a disease that affects the front of the tongue, while cancer in the back of the tongue is called oropharyngeal cancer. Symptoms that indicate tongue cancer are pain in the jaw or throat, pain during swallowing, feeling that there is something in the throat, stiff tongue or jaw, problem with chewing and swallowing food, white or red stamps in the mouth or tongue, ulcer on non-healing tongue, pimples in the mouth, bleeding tongue and growths on the tongue.

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Olaleye, O., U. Ekrikpo, O. Lyne, and J. Wiseberg. "Incidence and survival trends of lip, intra-oral cavity and tongue base cancers in south-east England." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 97, no. 3 (2015): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x14055925061676.

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Background Oral cavity cancers are on the increase in the UK. Understanding site-specific epidemiological trends is important for cancer control measures. This study demonstrates the changing epidemiological trends in lip, intra-oral cavity and tongue base cancers in south-east England from 1987 to 2006. Aim: Methods This was a retrospective study using anonymised data obtained from the Thames Cancer Registry (TCR) London. Data were analysed using SPSS v.17 and survival analyses with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. Age standardisation of the incidence rates was performed. It was conducted in south-east England, which has an average population of 12 million. The study analysed 9,318 cases (ICD-10 code C00–C06, C14). Kent Research Ethics Committee UK granted ethical approval. Results Oral cancers were more common in men, with male: female ratio of 1.6:1. Tongue cancers had the highest frequency at 3,088 (33.1%). Incidence varied with each cancer type. Mean incidence (per 1,000,000) ranged from 2.3 (lip cancer) to 13.8 (tongue cancer). There has been a statistically significant increase in incidence for cancers of the tongue base, other parts of tongue, gum and palate (p<0.001). Median survival time varied by sub-site, with lip cancer having the best median survival time (11.09 years) compared with tongue base cancer (2.42 years). Survival analyses showed worse prognosis for men, older age at diagnosis, and presence of synchronous tumours (p<0.001). Conclusion There is a rising incidence of tongue and tongue base, gum and palate cancers in south-east England with wide variability in survival. Oral cancer awareness and screening programmes should be encouraged.

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Brown, Linda Morris, David P. Check, and Susan S. Devesa. "Oral Cavity and Pharynx Cancer Incidence Trends by Subsite in the United States: Changing Gender Patterns." Journal of Oncology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/649498.

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Objective. To evaluate oral cavity and pharynx cancer (OCPC) patterns by gender.Methods. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program data for 71,446 cases diagnosed during 1975–2008 to classify OCPC by anatomic subsite as potentially HPV-related or not, with oral tongue cancer considered a separate category.Results. Total OCPC rates among men were 2–4 times those among women. Among whites, total OCPC rates rose in the younger age groups due to substantial increases in successive birth cohorts for HPV-related cancers, more rapid among men than women, and oral tongue cancers, more rapid among women than men. Among blacks, total OCPC rates declined among cohorts born since 1930 reflecting the strong downward trends for HPV-unrelated sites. Among Hispanics and Asians, HPV-unrelated cancer rates generally declined, and oral tongue cancer rates appeared to be converging among young men and women.Conclusions. Decreases in total OCPC incidence reflect reductions in smoking and alcohol drinking. Rising HPV-related cancers among white men may reflect changing sexual practices. Reasons for the increasing young oral tongue cancer rates are unknown, but the narrowing of the gender differences provides a clue.

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Shibata, Tomohisa, Daisuke Yamashita, Shingo Hasegawa, et al. "Oral candidiasis mimicking tongue cancer." Auris Nasus Larynx 38, no. 3 (2011): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2010.11.007.

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Windon, Melina, Carole Fakhry, Lisa Rooper, et al. "The Role of Age and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Oral Cavity Cancers." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 163, no. 6 (2020): 1194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599820932553.

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The incidence of oral tongue cancer, the majority subsite of oral cavity cancer, is rising among young people with less exposure to tobacco and alcohol. Viral causes have been proposed, including Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). We evaluated patient and tumor characteristics among 126 incident oral cavity cancers (OCCs). Consistent with generational norms, younger patients had less exposure to tobacco and a greater number of oral sexual partners than older OCCs. In addition, younger patients were more likely to present at an earlier stage and with cancer arising from the oral tongue (each P < .05). A subset of 44 cases was centrally tested for MCPyV large T antigen expression by immunohistochemistry. In the presence of controls, none of the tumors expressed MCPyV. These findings exclude consideration of MCPyV as an etiologic factor in OCC and may generate hypotheses for future examinations of the factors underlying the rise in oral tongue cancers.

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Riju, Jeyashanth, Amit Jiwan Tirkey, Malavika Babu, et al. "Difference in clinical presentation and their significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective analysis." Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 19, Suppl 2 (2023): S685—S690. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_767_22.

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ABSTRACTS Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains the most common cancer among Indian men. OSCC involving the tongue and bucco alveolar complex (BAC) behaves differently. Nevertheless, the differences in clinical features and symptoms between the two subsites and their relation to pathology remain largely unexplored. Study Design: The study compared various clinical parameters and pathological factors between tongue cancer patients and patients with BAC cancer. Results: Among 474 patients, 232 had tongue cancer and 242 had BAC cancer. Except for the ulcer, 30% of patients with OSCC were asymptomatic at presentation. Compared to tongue cancers, lesions confined to BAC present at an advanced stage (P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that dysphagia in tongue cancer (P = 0.020) and external swelling or lesion in BAC cancers (P = 0.002) were significant predictors of an advanced stage of the disease. On histopathology, perineural invasion (PNI) was significantly associated with tongue (P = 0.008) compared to BAC cancers (P = 0.015). Cancers of the tongue with pain and referred otalgia had a significantly higher depth of invasion (DOI), compared to those without pain (DOI – no pain 6.9 mm, pain 9.9 mm, and referred otalgia 11.4 mm). Conclusions: Patients with OSCC present late and in an advanced stage of the disease. Among tongue cancers, clinical history of pain was significantly associated with DOI and PNI, the significance of which needs to be prospectively analyzed. Clinical history in OSCC can be used as predicting factor for an advanced pathological stage of the disease. It also had an influence on various pathological characters, which is subsite specific.

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N, Parvataneni, Devarakonda KK, Gilkarl IH, et al. "Deep margin assessment by intraoperative ultrasound in tongue cancer- dust trial." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 12, no. 02 (2024): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2024/12-26.

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Introduction: Oral cancer ranks sixth among all cancers globally and India has the most significant number of cases, one-third of the total burden of oral cancer cases globally. The aim of the study was to conduct deep margin assessment using intraoperative ultrasound in superficial oral tongue carcinomas, ensuring adequate surgical resection for early-stage oral tongue cancer minimizing loco regional recurrence risks. Methodology: This is a prospective observational study involving 91 diagnosed tongue malignancies. The study included biopsy verified tongue cancer. During the surgical procedure and effect of general anaesthesia the tongue lesions of the patient were evaluated with intraoral sonography. An intraoral transducer probe characterized by an 8 to 10 MHz ultrasonic beam Siemens Acuson NX3 was used to assess the deep margin, tumor thickness, margins, and other findings like lingual nodes are noted. Results: A total of 91 patients that underwent resection using intraoperative USG were included in the study. The majority of the patients were in the age group 41 - 60 years. As carcinoma tongue is more common in males our study has a sex distribution of 63 male and 28 females. The mean deep margin assessed by USG - is 0.901cm and the mean deep margin assessed by the frozen section is 0.762 cm. The mean deep margin assessed by final histology is 0.748 cm. Conclusion: USG guided resection of early tongue cancers is a technique that is able to increase the frequency of free margins and decrease the close margin and positive margin frequency when compared to conventional treatment. USG being noninvasive is a very fast method in comparison to the frozen section and seems to be a promising technique. Larger studies are needed with control groups to possibly confirm a statistically significant difference in adequate deep resection margin and improvement in DSS and quality of life in future. Keywords: deep margin; tongue; carcinoma

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Yip, Connie SP, Tze Choong Charn, Joseph TS Wee, et al. "Outcomes of Oral Tongue Cancer: Does Age Matter?" Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 39, no. 12 (2010): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v39n12p897.

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Introduction: This is a retrospective study aimed to analyse the outcomes of oral tongue cancer with emphasis on young people. Materials and Methods: Patients treated radically between 1998 and 2006 were included and categorised according to treatment modalities (Group A: Surgery, Group B: Surgery and adjuvant therapy, Group C: Definitive radiotherapy) and age groups (≤40 and > 40 years). Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: There were 123 patients with 32%, 53% and 15% in Group A, B and C, respectively. Of these, 17 patients (14%) were ≤40 years with 6 (15%), 8 (12%) and 3 (16%) young oral tongues in Group A, B and C, respectively. Five-year OS and DFS were 69%/72%, 41%/47% and 16%/9.5% for Group A, B and C, respectively. Young patients had similar survival as the older population with 5-year OS of 83%, 75% and 33% in Group A, B and C, as compared to the older patients (66%, 36% and 13%, respectively). Conclusion: Young oral tongue patients did not have worse outcomes. Keywords: Head and neck, Squamous cell carcinoma, Young

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Goldenberg, David, Mathew Provanzano, Wayne M. Koch, and James J. Sciubba. "Oral Tongue Cancer in the Young." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 131, no. 2 (2004): P245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2004.06.491.

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Goodman, Michael, Lihua Liu, Kevin Ward, et al. "Invasion characteristics of oral tongue cancer." Cancer 115, no. 17 (2009): 4010–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24459.

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Lazarus, Cathy L., Jeri A. Logemann, Barbara Roa Pauloski, et al. "Swallowing and Tongue Function Following Treatment for Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 43, no. 4 (2000): 1011–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4304.1011.

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This study examined tongue function and its relation to swallowing in 13 subjects with oral or oropharyngeal cancer treated with primary radiotherapy ± chemotherapy and 13 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Measures of swallowing and tongue function were obtained using videofluoroscopy, pretreatment and 2 months posttreatment. Maximum isometric strength and endurance at 50% of maximum strength were obtained with the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Control subjects were tested once. All subjects with head and neck cancer were evaluated pretreatment and 2 months posttreatment. No significant differences were found for the tongue function measures pre- and 2 months posttreatment in the group with head and neck cancer. Significantly higher tongue strength was observed in the control than in the group with head and neck cancer both pre- and posttreatment. No significant differences were found for the 2 groups for tongue endurance measures. Significant correlations of tongue strength and endurance and some swallow measures were found pre- and posttreatment for the group with head and neck cancer and for the control group. These correlations included oral and pharyngeal temporal swallow measures and oropharyngeal swallow efficiency. Pretreatment differences between the 2 groups in tongue strength were likely related to tumor bulk, pain, and soreness. Two-month posttreatment differences were likely related to radiation ± chemotherapy changes to the oral and pharyngeal mucosa. This study provides support for the hypothesis that tongue strength plays a role in oropharyngeal swallowing, particularly related to the oral phase of the swallow.

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Valiev, M., G. Shalgumbayeva, and A. Musakhanova. "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY RATES FROM CANCER OF THE TONGUE, ORAL CAVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2015-2019." Sciences of Europe, no. 92 (May 9, 2022): 43–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6532859.

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Analyze of the epidemiological indicators of cancer of the tongue, oral cavity and pharynx in Kazakhstan for 2015-2019 was provided in the article. Morbidity, mortality of cancer of the tongue, oral cavity and pharynx were assessed. Morbidity and mortality rates from cancer of the tongue, oral cavity and pharynx in Kazakhstan are decrease. The highest incidence rate was in population of 70 years and older, while the incidence in men in this age group was more than in women

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Alotaibi, Turki Nasser, Ahmed Mufadhi Alanazi, Manahil Abdulaziz Alnafea, et al. "Knowledge and Attitude about Oral Cancer and Treatment Seeking Behavior in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Cancer Research & Therapy 9, no. 2 (2024): 01–07. https://doi.org/10.33140/ijcrt.09.02.10.

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Oral cancer is an accelerated and uncontrolled growth of cells in some oral mucosa; it can occur inside the cheeks, under the middle of the tongue or at the front of the tongue, or on the lining of the tissue in the mouth or gums.There are signs and causes of oral cancer that should be well known and we can detect early, which is a determining factor in the treatment of any type of cancer [1]. If there are signs in the mouth, go to the doctor immediately for early treatment, according to medical news todaysuch as difficulty chewing or swallowing, the presence of bumps or ulcers in the mouth, lips or throat, white or red spots in the mouth, Difficulty moving the tongue or jaw, unexpected weight loss, ulcer cannot heal or bleed and pain with pressure on the mouth and lips [2]. These symptoms are not a sure sign of the occurrence of oral cancer, one of these symptoms may appear due to allergies, so it is necessary to consult with the doctor about the emergence of any of these symptoms.

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Qu, Xinyu, Thomas C. N. Leung, Sai-Ming Ngai, et al. "Proteomic Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Identifies Potential Biomarkers for Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Cells 10, no. 9 (2021): 2179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10092179.

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Lymph node metastasis is the most reliable indicator of a poor prognosis for patients with oral tongue cancers. Currently, there are no biomarkers to predict whether a cancer will spread in the future if it has not already spread at the time of diagnosis. The aim of this study was to quantitatively profile the proteomes of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from blood samples taken from patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma with and without lymph node involvement and non-cancer controls. EVs were enriched using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) from pooled plasma samples of patients with non-nodal and nodal oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) and non-cancer controls. Protein cargo was quantitatively profiled using isobaric labelling (iTRAQ) and two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 208 EV associated proteins and, after filtering, generated a short list of 136 proteins. Over 85% of the EV-associated proteins were associated with the GO cellular compartment term “extracellular exosome”. Comparisons between non-cancer controls and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma with and without lymph node involvement revealed 43 unique candidate EV-associated proteins with deregulated expression patterns. The shortlisted EV associated proteins described here may be useful discriminatory biomarkers for differentiating OTSCC with and without nodal disease or non-cancer controls.

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Lazić, Vojkan, Dragan Krasić, Snežana Živković, Miloš Trajković, and Slaviša Antić. "Trends in the Incidence Rates of Cancer of the Tongue in the City of Belgrade." Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis 35, no. 2 (2018): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afmnai-2018-0011.

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Abstract Cancers of the oral tongue (OT) and floor of the mouth (FOM) are frequently grouped together as carcinomas of the tongue and floor of the mouth (OTFOM). The incidence rate of these cancers varies worldwide from 0.1/100,000 persons a year for females in Algeria, Chile and Korea to 7.4/100,000 persons a year for men in New Delhi, India. The aim of this study was to analyze the trends in age-standardized incidence rates of oral tongue cancer in the Belgrade population during the period of past 12 years. The data were obtained from the Serbian Cancer Registry (The Registry). Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using the direct standardization method to the world standard population and presented as an incidence rate per 100,000 persons a year. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyze the trends and annual percentage change (APC). The results of the joinpoint regression analysis showed an increasing trend of OT cancers for both genders, with an APC of 4.1% among men and 1.7 % among women. The incidence rate for FOM cancers increased, with an APC of 4.8% among men and 6.8% among women. Our results showed a continuously increasing incidence rate of oral tongue and floor of the mouth carcinoma in the capital of the Republic of Serbia.

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Sperber, G. H. "Cancer of the tongue." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 54, no. 5 (1996): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-2391(96)90665-5.

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Nurrahman, Tri, Seto Adiantoro, Kiki Akhmad Rizki, and Farah Asnely. "MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AT REGIO GLOSSUS." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 5, no. 2 (2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v5i2.8976.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common case of oral cancer which often occurs laterally on the tongue and rarely develops on the dorsal surface of the tongue. More than half of the cases are diagnosed late, thereby reducing the survival rate of the patients. Objective: This report was intended as an evaluation for the management of squamous cell carcinoma under multidisciplinary approach between oral surgery and other departments, as well as the provision of further post-operative treatment. Case Report: The author presents a case of 68-years-old female patient with a lump and an ulcer on her tongue. Around six months prior to the visit, patient complained of tongue ulcer followed by the emergence of a lump in a size of a corn seed. The lump was gradually enlarged with constant widening of the ulcer. Pain on the tongue was also perceived. The patient was then referred to Hasan Sadikin Hospital for further treatment. Case Management: Patients underwent hemiglossectomy and Selective Neck Dissection (SND) surgical procedures performed by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon in collaboration with Surgical Oncologist. Furthermore, after surgery, the patient was consulted to the Hemato-Oncology Division of Internal Medicine Department for chemotherapy treatment. Conclusions: The exact diagnosis was made based on the histopathological biopsy results of the tongue tissue. Management of tongue cancer must be done multidisciplinary. Some things that must be considered in handling such cases are the eradication of the tumor, the return of oral cavity function, and the aesthetic/functional aspects of the patient. Keywords: Oral cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma, Tongue cancer

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Nagrale, Diksha, Pankhuri Multani, and Anagha Armarkar. "Rehabilitation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lateral Border of the Tongue - A Case Report." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 3 (2022): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220316.

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Oral cancer is the world's sixth most prevalent cancer, with oral squamous cell carcinoma accounting for the vast majority of occurrences (OSCC). The most prevalent intraoral head and neck cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue. It is the second most common cancer in India, after SCC of the lip and oral cavity, with a male incidence of 13.9 per cent compared to 4.3 per cent in females. SCC of the tongue is quite uncommon until the age of 60. The use of smoking and smokeless cigarettes, areca nut use, and alcohol consumption are the main risk factors for oral SCC. A patient experienced the loss of motion, spasms, weakness, and function following tongue cancer surgery. Buccal mucosa SCC is a malignant tumour of the oral cavity that is aggressive. It's associated with a high rate of regional recurrence, with the inner cheek lining, lateral border of the tongue, oropharynx, mouth floor, and lips being the most commonly affected areas. The most common postoperative oral problems that occur after radiation and chemotherapy are mucositis, infection, pain, bleeding, difficulty swallowing, injury to the glands that produce saliva (xerostomia) or damage to the muscles and joints of the jaw and neck (trismus), loosening of teeth, difficulty wearing dentures, painful swallowing (odynophagia), speech impairment (dysarthria), and development of a neck mass as a sign of lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: Following carcinoma of the lateral border of the tongue, physical therapy included exercises, spasm reduction, Kinesio taping, manual therapy, and patient education. Key words: Squamous cell carcinoma, Glossectomy, Tongue, Physiotherapy Rehabilitation.

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Al-Qahtani, Khalid, Tahera Islam, and Valérie Brousseau. "Prognosis of Patients less than 40 Years of Age with Squamous Cell Cancer of the Oral Tongue." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 2 (2015): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1222.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Controversy exists about the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue between young and older patients. Our objective was to evaluate age as a prognostic factor in oral tongue cancer. Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing charts of 61 patients. They were divided into two age groups, below 40 years and above 40 years. Data regarding epidemiology pathology report, tumor differentiation, staging, treatment and outcome were obtained. The length of survival and disease recurrence was calculated and compared in this two age group. Statistical analysis was performed using student, t-test. Results The result showed no significant difference in prognosis, tumor differentiation or staging related to age in oral tongue cancer. Conclusion Although age is not a significant prognostic factor in oral tongue cancer, the disease etiology is likely different, we recommend prompt and aggressive treatment of young patients. How to cite this article Al-Qahtani K, Brousseau V, Islam T. prognosis of patients less than 40 Years of Age with Squamous Cell Cancer of the Oral Tongue. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2): 53-56.

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Tateda, Masaru, Kiyoto Shiga, Shigeru Saijo, and Jyunkichi Yokoyama. "A Clinical Study of Oral Tongue Cancer." Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 192, no. 1 (2000): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.192.49.

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Gallegos-Hernández, José Francisco, Blanca Elena Colmenares-Bustos, Dulce María Hernández-Hernández, Héctor Arias-Ceballos, Jaime Resendiz-Colosia, and Rutilio Flores-Díaz. "Elective neck dissection in oral tongue cancer." Revista de Oncología 6, no. 1 (2004): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02710301.

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Shetty, Sameep S., Akshay Kudpaje, Rama Jayaraj, Vishal Rao, and Prit Kiran Shah. "Tongue cancer: A discrete oral cavity subsite." Oral Oncology 99 (December 2019): 104348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.06.029.

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SAKURAI, ATUSHI, GINICHIRO ICHIKAWA, HIROSHI YOSHIKAWA, et al. "Reconstruction of tongue and oral floor cancer." Juntendo Medical Journal 37, no. 3 (1991): 366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14789/pjmj.37.366.

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Cata, Juan P., Miguel Patino, Aysegul Gorur, et al. "Persistent and Chronic Postoperative Opioid Use in a Cohort of Patients with Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Pain Medicine 21, no. 5 (2019): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz242.

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Abstract Background Recently, the concept of persistent postsurgical opioid use has been described for patients undergoing cancer surgery. Our hypothesis was based on the premise that patients with oral tongue cancer require high dosages of opioids before, during, and after surgery, and thus a large percentage of patients might develop persistent postsurgical opioid use. Methods After institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective study that included a cohort of patients with oral tongue cancers who underwent curative-intent surgery in our institution. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to study the association of the characteristics of several patients with persistent (six months after surgery) and chronic (12 months after surgery) postoperative opioid use. Results A total of 362 patients with oral tongue malignancies were included in the study. The rate of persistent use of opioids after surgery was 31%. Multivariate analysis showed that patients taking opioids before surgery and those receiving adjuvant therapy were 2.9 and 1.78 times more likely to use opioids six months after surgery. Fifteen percent of the patients were taking opioids 12 months after surgery. After adjusting for clinically relevant covariates, patients complaining of moderate tongue pain before surgery and those taking opioids preoperatively had at least three times higher risk of still using these analgesics one year after surgery. Conclusions Patients with oral tongue cancers have a high risk of developing persistent and chronic postsurgical opioid use.

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Hauswald, S. H., F. Zwicker, N. Rochet, J. Debus, and K. Lindel. "Radiation Therapy in Cancer of the Oral Tongue or Tongue Margin." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 78, no. 3 (2010): S480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1126.

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Chung, Jeffson Chia-Hsien, Adam Bender-Heine, and H. Wayne Lambert. "Floor of mouth window to improve surgical access for trans-oral cancer surgery." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): e17568-e17568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e17568.

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e17568 Background: The increasing incidence of HPV associated oropharyngeal cancer has sparked interest in minimally invasive transoral surgery as a primary treatment modality. However, adequate surgical exposure and access to the tongue base is difficult to achieve. Many complex oral retraction systems have been developed in attempt to solve this problem but none work consistently or efficiently. Methods: This cadaveric study introduces the floor of mouth window – a simple adjunctive procedure done at the time of transoral resection and concurrent neck dissection that greatly improves surgical access to the tongue base while eliminating the need for oral retractors. It involves passing the oral tongue through the floor of mouth into the neck dissection field, thereby creating space for robotic or laser instruments to perform cancer resection. The floor of mouth is closed primarily in layers at the end of the procedure. Results: This study compares the tongue base exposure achievable with existing oral retractors to that achievable utilizing this novel technique. Our finding is that superior surgical exposure is attainable without retractors using the floor of mouth window. In fact, laser resection of the base of tongue was successfully performed in cadavers without the use of any retractors. Conclusions: We believe this technique may have a major impact on the management of oropharyngeal cancers because having a simple, reproducible method to access the tongue base will encourage greater adoption of transoral surgery as a treatment modality. It is a technique that can be helpful regardless of any future advances in robot or laser technology. Furthermore, this technique reduces the reliance on multiple complicated and expensive retraction systems. Finally, the improved exposure and visualization of the tongue base attainable by this new procedure may facilitate clear surgical margins and thus maximize the potential for cure, which is ultimately the objective of all head and neck surgeons.

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Abe, Atsushi, Atsushi Nakayama, Yuya Otsuka, et al. "Relationship of preoperative oral hypofunction with prognostic nutritional index in gastric cancer: A case-control retrospective study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 6 (2023): e0283911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283911.

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Preoperative nutritional status is an important prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. This study will evaluate whether preoperative oral dysfunction is associated with prognostic nutrition index (PNI). This case-control study analyzed 95 patients who underwent oral function management. We assessed the following parameters: body mass index, stage of gastric cancer, C-reactive protein, total lymphocyte count, albumin, and prognostic nutritional index. The patients were divided into groups with prognostic nutritional indexes <45 and >45. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the measurements of oral function and the prognostic nutritional index. Univariate analysis of factors associated with decreased oral function and prognostic nutritional index showed significant differences between the two groups in C-reactive protein, neutrophils, and tongue pressure (p<0.01). However, oral hygiene, oral dryness, occlusal force, tongue–lip motor function, masticatory function, and swallowing function were not significantly different. Multivariate analysis showed that C-reactive protein (odds ratio: 0.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.30–0.45, p<0.01) and tongue pressure (odds ratio: 3.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–12.60, p<0.05) were independent risk factors for oral hypofunction. Oral function decreased in perioperative patients with gastric cancer, and decreased tongue pressure is associated with a decreased prognostic nutritional index.

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Anwar, Risyandi, Arlette Setiawan, Supriatno Supriatno, and Unang Supratman. "Senyawa Daun Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Nornha) sebagai Penghambat Proliferasi Sel Kanker Lidah Manusia In Vitro." STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 16, no. 2 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/stoma.v16i2.23090.

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Tongue cancer is a common malignant in the oral cavity and to now medically succes its no good so often treated of life. The aims of study were to identify the secondary matabolities of Rasamala leaves, to examine the compound of Rasamala leaves toward SP-C1 cell growth inhibition. True experimental laboratories design using SP- C1 oral tongue cancer cell line was used. The ethyl acetate extract was separated their secondary metabolites by various chromatographic techniques guided by antiproliferasi activity to yield five compounds, as 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid (1), gallic acid (2), and apigenin (3). Compounds 1-3 were tested on their antiproliferative activity against cancer cells tongue SP-C1 and showed IC 50 values of Â 100, Â 100, and Â 100 μg/mL, respectively. Data analysis using ANACOVA assay, Tukey HSD with the level of significance α=0.05. In conclusion, compound from Rasamala leaves have a strong anticancer activity in human oral tongue cancer SP-C1 through inhibit cell prolieration..

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Speksnijder, Caroline M., Lucía Ortiz-Comino, Anton F. J. de Haan, Carolina Fernández-Lao, Remco de Bree, and Matthias A. W. Merkx. "Swallowing after Oral Oncological Treatment: A Five-Year Prospective Study." Cancers 15, no. 17 (2023): 4371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15174371.

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Background: Swallowing rehabilitation in curative treated patients with oral cancer is still a challenge. Different factors may influence these patients’ swallowing function. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with swallowing function up to 5 years after cancer treatment. Methods: Swallowing duration and frequency of 5 mL water and 15 mL applesauce were measured in 123 patients treated for oral cancer. Mixed model analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Results: Age influenced all measured swallowing outcomes. Assessment moment, gender, tumor location, maximum tongue force, and tactile sensory function of the tongue were associated with both water and applesauce swallowing duration, tumor classification was associated with water swallowing duration, and alcohol consumption was associated with applesauce swallowing duration. Assessment moment, cancer treatment, maximum tongue force, and tactile sensory function of the tongue were associated with water and applesauce swallowing frequency. Conclusion: Patients who are older at diagnosis, women, and patients who regularly consume alcohol before their treatment may have poorer swallow functioning after curative oral cancer treatment. Patients that fit these criteria should have their swallowing evaluated during clinical follow-ups and sent to swallowing therapy when needed. During this therapy, optimizing tongue function needs attention to maintain an optimal swallowing function.

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Tu, Nguyen Huu, Kenji Inoue, Elyssa Chen, et al. "Cathepsin S Evokes PAR2-Dependent Pain in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients and Preclinical Mouse Models." Cancers 13, no. 18 (2021): 4697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13184697.

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) pain is more prevalent and severe than pain generated by any other form of cancer. We previously showed that protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) contributes to oral SCC pain. Cathepsin S is a lysosomal cysteine protease released during injury and disease that can activate PAR2. We report here a role for cathepsin S in PAR2-dependent cancer pain. We report that cathepsin S was more active in human oral SCC than matched normal tissue, and in an orthotopic xenograft tongue cancer model than normal tongue. The multiplex immunolocalization of cathepsin S in human oral cancers suggests that carcinoma and macrophages generate cathepsin S in the oral cancer microenvironment. After cheek or paw injection, cathepsin S evoked nociception in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking PAR2 in Nav1.8-positive neurons (Par2Nav1.8), nor in mice treated with LY3000328 or an endogenous cathepsin S inhibitor (cystatin C). The human oral SCC cell line (HSC-3) with homozygous deletion of the gene for cathepsin S (CTSS) with CRISPR/Cas9 provoked significantly less mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, as did those treated with LY3000328, compared to the control cancer mice. Our results indicate that cathepsin S is activated in oral SCC, and that cathepsin S contributes to cancer pain through PAR2 on neurons.

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Fukumoto, Chonji, Manabu Zama, Toshiki Hyodo, et al. "Primary syphilis with a tongue ulcer mimicking tongue cancer: a case report." Journal of International Medical Research 51, no. 3 (2023): 030006052311612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605231161223.

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The main symptom in primary syphilis is a small, painless, sore or ulcer called a chancre on the penis, vagina, or around the anus, although chancres can sometimes appear in the mouth or on the lips, fingers, or buttocks. We present the case of a man in his early 60 s with a chief complaint of a painful tongue ulcer. An ulcerated, indurated, and hemorrhagic lesion (23 × 14 mm) was found on the ventral tongue surface, near the oral floor. Palpation identified several swollen, mobile, elastic cervical lymph nodes, with no tenderness. We initially diagnosed tongue cancer; however, during a subsequent detailed examination for a malignant tumor, including biopsy and obtaining additional history, his disease was finally identified as primary syphilis with multiple swollen cervical lymph nodes. Oral amoxicillin and probenecid were started, and after 14 days, there was partial reduction in the size of the submandibular lymph nodes and the ulcer on the left tongue margin. The number of patients with syphilis in Japan increased by eight times from 2012 to 2018. We suggest that dentists consider primary syphilis as a differential diagnosis for oral refractory ulcer with induration and obtain a detailed patient history.

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Niranjan, Vikram R., and Sudarshan G. Ranpise. "Oral cancer epidemiology of Aurangabad district (Maharashtra) of India from 2005 to 2014: understanding the burden of disease." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 7 (2017): 2275. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172524.

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Background: Oral cancer incidence is constantly rising in India and is one of the major public health issues. This is a retrospective study from Aurangabad district (MS) of India to evaluate epidemiologic profile of oral cancer patients from 2005 to 2014. Methods: The 10 year data of oral cancer was obtained from the PCBR Aurangabad which was available from the National Cancer Registry Programme, Govt. of India web portal. The periodic data in three different spans was available as 2005 to 2008, 2009 to 2011 and 2012 to 2014. Statistical analysis used was age adjusted rate (AAR), crude rate (CR) and additive properties of CR. Results: The oral cancer trends from 2005 to 2014 reveals significantly increase in oral cancer incidence in population. In males, cancer of mouth (RP: 11.84% and AAR 7.37) was most common followed by tongue (RP: 9.62% and AAR 6.32) and pharynx (RP: 4.71% and AAR 2.79). In females cancer of tongue (RP: 3.31% and AAR 2.42) is most common followed by cancer of mouth (RP: 2.77% and AAR 1.91). Incidence of oral cancer as a whole for all sites is second highest after lung cancer in Aurangabad in male (cumulative AAR 17.93) and fourth highest after breast, cervix and lung cancer (cumulative AAR 6.06) in female out of all cancer sites in region in 2012-2014. Conclusions: Understanding pattern and incidence of various oral cancers is crucial for primary prevention and early detection for comprehensive management of cases.

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Sahu, Aditi, Atul Deshmukh, Arti R. Hole, Pankaj Chaturvedi, and C. Murali Krishna. "In vivosubsite classification and diagnosis of oral cancers using Raman spectroscopy." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 09, no. 05 (2016): 1650017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545816500176.

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Oral cancers suffer from poor disease-free survival rates due to delayed diagnosis. Noninvasive, rapid, objective approaches as adjuncts to visual inspection can help in better management of oral cancers. Raman spectroscopy (RS) has shown potential in identification of oral premalignant and malignant conditions and also in the detection of early cancer changes like cancer-field-effects (CFE) at buccal mucosa subsite. Anatomic differences between different oral subsites have also been reported using RS. In this study, anatomical differences between subsites and their possible influence on healthy vs pathological classification were evaluated on 85 oral cancer and 72 healthy subjects. Spectra were acquired from buccal mucosa, lip and tongue in healthy, contralateral (internal healthy control), premalignant and cancer conditions using fiber-optic Raman spectrometer. Mean spectra indicate predominance of lipids in healthy buccal mucosa, contribution of both lipids and proteins in lip while major dominance of protein in tongue spectra. From healthy to tumor, changes in protein secondary-structure, DNA and heme-related features were observed. Principal component linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) followed by leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) was used for data analysis. Findings indicate buccal mucosa and tongue are distinct entities, while lip misclassifies with both these subsites. Additionally, the diagnostic algorithm for individual subsites gave improved classification efficiencies with respect to the pooled subsites model. However, as the pooled subsites model yielded 98% specificity and 100% sensitivity, this model may be more useful for preliminary screening applications. Large-scale validation studies are a pre-requisite before envisaging future clinical applications.

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Aguiñaga, Myrthala De La Garza, Sara Saenz Rangel, Jose Elizondo Elizondo, et al. "Tongue cancer: An overview and current update." International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 8, no. 3 (2022): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/oral.2022.v8.i3d.1612.

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Hirano, Minoru, Hidetaka Matsuoka, Yasunao Kuroiwa, Kiminori Sato, Shinzo Tanaka, and Tetsuji Yoshida. "Dysphagia following Various Degrees of Surgical Resection for Oral Cancer." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 2 (1992): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210100206.

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Postoperative swallowing problems were investigated in 20 patients who had undergone various degrees of surgical resection for oral cancer. The swallowing problems were evaluated on the basis of type of food, degree of aspiration, and duration of postoperative nasogastric tube feeding. Two patients with tongue cancer who had had hemiglossectomy without reconstruction ate normal food without aspiration within a week after operation. Eight patients who had undergone two- to three-quarter glossectomy for tongue cancer ate gruel with no or occasional liquid aspiration. Among 4 patients who had had near-total or total glossectomy for tongue cancer, 3 ate thin gruel or liquid with occasional aspiration. The other could not eat orally because of consistent severe aspiration. One patient with mouth floor cancer underwent resection of the mouth floor in combination with hemiglossectomy and she ate gruel without aspiration. Among 5 patients with mouth floor cancer who had had surgical removal accompanied by near-total or total glossectomy, 3 ate gruel with no or occasional liquid aspiration, 1 ate thin gruel with no aspiration, and the other could not eat orally. A diagnosis of T4 lesions, extensive removal of the tongue base, removal of the geniohyoid and mylohyoid muscles, and removal of the lateral pharyngeal wall were significantly related to poor swallowing function.

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Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Afeez Abolarinwa Salami, Abiola Fashina, Peace Uwambaye, and Chiamaka Norah Ezeagu. "Oral Sex, Oral Sex Protective Barriers, And Oral Cancer: A Triple Concern." Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 12, no. 1 (2024): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/k4s7f856.

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Oral sex refers to sexual activities involving the stimulation of the genitalia by the use of the mouth, tongue, teeth, or throat. Oral sex is practiced by people of all sexual orientations, and it is practiced in various forms: cunnilingus (oral-vaginal contact);fellatio(oral-penile contact); and anilingus (oral-anal contact).Over 35% of the global adult population have engaged in an oral sex activity at least once in their lifetime. Individuals who engage in oral sex are more vulnerable to various sexually transmitted oral infections, including oral gonorrhoea and oral HPV infection. These infections can result in severe health consequences, including oral cancer.Nonetheless, sexually transmitted oral infections could be avoided by using oral sex protective barriers such as cling films (aka saran wraps), dental dams, and tongue condoms. If oral sex protective barriers are used appropriately, the infections can beavoided. Unfortunately, the global use rate of these protective barriers is very negligible. For example, evidence has shown that just less than 10% of adolescents and young adults in the USA used condom at their last oral sex experience. Overall, the issue of oral sex, oral sex protective barriers, and oral cancer is a triple concern of global health significance; this commentary offered recommendations on how to address the triple concern.

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Kakei, Yasumasa, Hirokazu Komatsu, Tsutomu Minamikawa, et al. "Extent of neck dissection for patients with clinical N1 oral cancer." International Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 6 (2020): 1067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10147-020-01635-8.

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Abstract Background No clear consensus has been reached on the indication of supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) for clinically positive lymph-node metastasis. Patients Consecutive 100 patients with previously untreated oral cancer treated at Kobe University Hospital were included in this study. All patients were clinically staged as anyTN1M0 and underwent radical dissection of the primary site and level I–V neck dissection as the initial treatment. Results None of the 100 patients had pathological lymph-node metastasis (pLN) to level V. pLN to level IV was observed in two patients with tongue cancer in whom clinical lymph-node metastasis was preoperatively observed at level II. Conclusions Level V may be excluded in the neck dissection for patients with N1 oral cancers. Level IV dissection should be considered in the patient with tongue cancer and clinical lymph-node metastasis at level II.

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Yamamoto, Yuki, Tomonori Kamiya, Megumu Yano, et al. "Oral Microbial Profile Analysis in Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Reveals That Tumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Oral Cancer Progression by Activating YAP." Microorganisms 11, no. 12 (2023): 2957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11122957.

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The incidence of oral cancer has recently been increasing worldwide, particularly among young individuals and women. The primary risk factors for head and neck cancers, including oral and pharyngeal cancers, are smoking, alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene, and repeated exposure to mechanical stimuli. However, approximately one-third of the patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers are neither smokers nor drinkers, which points to the existence of other mechanisms. Recently, human microbes have been linked to various diseases, including cancer. Oral pathogens, especially periodontal pathobionts, are reported to play a role in the development of colon and other types of cancer. In this study, we employed a series of bioinformatics analyses to pinpoint Fusobacterium nucleatum as the predominant oral bacterial species in oral and pharyngeal cancer tissue samples. We successfully isolated Fn. polymorphum from the saliva of patients with oral cancer and demonstrated that Fn. polymorphum indeed promoted oral squamous cell carcinoma development by activating YAP in a mouse tongue cancer model. Our research offers scientific evidence for the role of the oral microbiome in oral cancer progression and provides insights that would help in devising preventative strategies against oral cancer, potentially by altering oral bacterial profiles.

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Pauloski, Barbara Roa, Alfred W. Rademaker, Jerilyn A. Logemann, and Laura A. Colangelo. "Speech and Swallowing in Irradiated and Nonirradiated Postsurgical Oral Cancer Patients." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 118, no. 5 (1998): 616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989811800509.

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The effect of radiation on speech and swallowing function was assessed for 18 patients surgically treated for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Nine patients received surgical intervention and postoperative radiation therapy, and nine received surgery only. Patients were matched regarding percentage of oral tongue resected, percentage of tongue base resected, locus of resection, and method of reconstruction. Speech and swallowing function was assessed before and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery following a standardized protocol. Speech tasks included an audio recording of a brief conversation and of a standard articulation test; swallowing function was examined with videofluoroscopy. Statistical testing indicated that overall speech function did not differ between the irradiated and nonirradiated patients. Irradiated patients had significantly reduced oral and pharyngeal swallowing performance, specifically, longer oral transit times on paste boluses, lower oropharyngeal swallow efficiency, increased pharyngeal residue, and reduced cricopharyngeal opening duration. Impaired function may be the result of radiation effects such as edema, fibrosis, and reduced salivary flow. Increased use of tongue range-of-motion exercises during and after radiation treatment may reduce the formation of fibrotic tissue in the oral cavity and may improve pharyngeal clearance by maintaining adequate tongue base-to-pharyngeal wall contact. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:616–24.)

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Hu, Jie, Shuwen Han, Yan Chen, and Zhaoning Ji. "Variations of Tongue Coating Microbiota in Patients with Gastric Cancer." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/173729.

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The physical status of humans can be estimated by observing the appearance of the tongue coating, known as tongue diagnosis. The goals of this study were to reveal the relationship between tongue coating appearance and the oral microbiota in patients with gastric cancer and to open a novel research direction supporting tongue diagnosis. We used a tongue manifestation acquisition instrument to analyse the thickness of the tongue coating of patients with gastric cancer and that of healthy controls, and high-throughput sequencing was used to describe the microbial community of the tongue coating by sequencing the V2–V4 region of the 16S rDNA. The tongue coatings of 74 patients with gastric cancer were significantly thicker than those of 72 healthy controls (343.11 ± 198.22 versus 98.42 ± 48.25,P<0.001); 51.35% of the patients were assessed as having thick tongue coatings, whereas all healthy controls were assessed as having thin tongue coatings. Thick tongue coatings presented lower microbial community diversity than thin tongue coatings. The tongue coating bacterial community is associated with the appearance of the tongue coating. The tongue coating may be a potential source for diagnosing gastric cancer, but its sensitivity needs to be further improved.

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Lenius, Kerry, Julie Stierwalt, Leonard L. LaPointe, Michelle Bourgeois, Giselle Carnaby, and Michael Crary. "Effects of Lingual Effort on Swallow Pressures Following Radiation Treatment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 58, no. 3 (2015): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-s-14-0210.

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Purpose This article investigated the effects of increased oral lingual pressure on pharyngeal pressures during swallowing in patients who have undergone radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. It was hypothesized that increased oral lingual pressure would result in increased pharyngeal pressures. Method A within-subject experimental design was used with 20 participants who were status post external beam radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Participants completed typical swallows and swallows with increased lingual force during manofluoroscopic swallow studies. The swallow condition order was randomized across participants. Results Manometric data revealed significant differences in swallow pressure by condition at the base of tongue and upper esophageal sphincter sensor locations without significant pressure differences in the lower pharynx. The effortful lingual swallows resulted in higher mean pressures at all locations. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that use of a maneuver designed to increase oral tongue effort can also increase pharyngeal tongue base pressure. Therefore, therapeutic activities used to generate greater pressure of the oral tongue may also alter pharyngeal response. Further research is needed to determine the direct clinical effect on swallow function for individuals with head and neck cancer.

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Zhang, Liuyang, Xuan Zhou, Xiaofeng Yao, Yansheng Wu, Qiang Zhang, and Lun Zhang. "Oral tongue cancer patients show a better overall survival than base of tongue cancer patients." Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 138, no. 2 (2011): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-011-1105-y.

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Shibuya, Hitoshi. "S8. Brachytherapy for tongue cancer." Oral Oncology 47 (July 2011): S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.06.072.

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Guida, A., G. Pannone, A. Lucchese, et al. "Tongue Cancer and Epigenetic Factors: An in-vitro Study on 298 Micro-RNAS." European Journal of Inflammation 10, no. 3 (2012): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1721727x1201000320.

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Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most frequent malignant tumour. There is some evidence that tongue cancer has a higher local failure rate and poorer prognosis than other anatomical sites in the oral cavity. We used tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines harbouring mutated p53/p16 as tongue cancer models to study the influences exerted by p53 and p16 genes on the expression of micro RNAs (miRNAs). The study was performed on microarray chips harbouring 298 miRNA sequences. OSCC cell lines used in this study were SCC-4, SCC-15 and SCC-25, all three carrying mutated/hypermethylated p53/p16. The expression values normalized to healthy control of 298 miRNAs were obtained for each cell line. MiRNA 196b was found hyperexpressed in the three cell lines. MiRNAs 19b-1, 21, 27a, 30d, 134, 339, 379 and 465 were found altered in two out of three cell lines. miRNAs found altered in one cell line out of three were: 7b, 23a, 25, 30c, 30e-3p, 107,125b, 124a, 214, 216, 325 and 384. A literature review for each miRNA found significant was undertaken. Some miRNAs have a well-known role in oral cancer, some have been put in correlation with other cancers/diseases, others are found significant for the first time. These early results in tongue cancer cell lines harbouring mutation of p16/p53 need further analyses to understand whether this variation of miRNA levels are directly influenced by the malfunction of these proteins or if, vice-versa, altered miRNA levels influence the function of p16 and p53.

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Asmin, P. K., Fareed Nusrath, and Darshan D. Divakar. "Occurrence and Distribution of Cancers with Emphasis Upon Oral Cancers in Registered Oncology Institutes of South India – A Retrospective Study." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, no. 1 (2024): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_106_23.

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Background: In the past two decades, the growing economy associated with changes in lifestyle-related behavior is partially responsible for the increasing cancer burden in India. To assess the occurrence and distribution of oral cancer based on the analysis of hospital records from registered oncology institutes of South India over a period of three years. Materials and Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted at seven major hospitals in South India to assess the incidence and distribution of cancer among patients over a period of three years (2016–2018). Data were collected on a custom-made validated proforma. Analysis was done using R commander software. Results: A total of 156090 various types of cancers were reported to the included institutes over a three-year period, an almost similar gender distribution was observed, males (n = 78806, 42.99% per lakh) compared to their female counterparts (n = 77284, 42.16% per lakh). Among males’ lung cancer was the most common type with 17709 cases (9.65% per lakh) and among females, breast cancer was the leading cancer type with 22855 total cases (12.46% per lakh). Over a period of three years, a total of 21084 records of malignancies pertaining to oral cavity were identified accounting for 13.51% of cases. Among oral cancers, tongue was the most common site to be involved accounting for 44.22% (2016–2018) cases followed by buccal mucosa (14.69%), least common site to be involved was lip which accounted for 3.49% of the total oral cancer cases. Conclusion: Breast cancer was the most common cancer followed by lung cancer. Oral cancers occupied second among males and fifth rank in the order of occurrence among females. Tongue was the most common site followed by buccal mucosa. The least common site affected by oral cancer was the lip.

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Janardhanan, Mahija, NV Smitha, G. Rajalakshmi, Antony George, Manzoor Koyakutty, and Subramania Iyer. "Tumour Microenvironment as a Potential Immune Therapeutic Target for Tongue Cancer Management." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 27, no. 2 (2023): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_134_23.

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Immunotherapy is a promising approach in the management of human cancers and has been proven to provide a durable response in many cancers. It is helpful as an adjuvant therapy for cancers and at present is considered as a fourth pillar supporting surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the treatment of oral cancer, immunotherapy is approved in late-stage diseases where surgical resection cannot be carried out or fails, leading to recurrences and metastasis. Evidences suggest that when given as a first-line treatment, it can elicit an immune response that shrinks tumours, which could provide long-term benefit for patients. But unlike the traditional approach which follows the uniform protocol for all oral cancer patients, effective immunotherapy requires a more site-specific personalized approach. The aim of this paper is to review the various immune evasive mechanisms adopted by tumour cells and their relevance as potential targets for immunotherapy in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

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Krasavina, E. A., E. L. Choynzonov, D. E. Kulbakain, and V. A. Aleekseev. "Correction of eating disorders in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer after reconstructive plastic surgery." Head and Neck Tumors (HNT) 11, no. 2 (2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2021-11-2-41-49.

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The study objective – to evaluate the feasibility of correcting eating disorders in patients undergoing surgery for oral and oropharyngeal cancers using various reconstructive techniques to restore postoperative defects.Materials and methods. Between 2012 and 2019, a total of 56 patients with stage II–IV oral and oropharyngeal cancer underwent reconstructive surgery after either hemiglossectomy or glossectomy. The patients ranged in age from 26 to 70 years. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 36 (64.3 %) patients who underwent tongue reconstruction using rotation flaps. For reconstruction of hemiglossectomy defects, a chin flap was used, and for reconstruction of glossectomy defects, a pectoral flap was used. Group II comprised 20 (35.7 %) patients who underwent tongue reconstruction using free revascularized flaps. For the tongue reconstruction after hemiglossectomy, the radial flap, medial sural perforator flap and fasciocutaneous anterolateral thigh flap were used. For the tongue reconstruction after glossectomy, the fasciocutaneous anterolateral thigh flap was used. The acts of chewing and swallowing were restored during speech rehabilitation due to the activation and coordination of the work of the muscles of the cheeks, lips, soft palate, pharynx, and the reconstructed tongue. Eating disorders were assessed by interviewing patients. A comparative analysis of eating disorders included mobility and coordination of facial muscles and reconstructed tongue, increased sensitive in the oral cavity, the presence of aspiration and nasal regurgitation, and subjective difficulties of patients. The time before the start of rehabilitation and its duration were taken into account. Patients were interviewed before the start of the combined treatment, at the beginning and after the completion of rehabilitation.Results. After the completion of rehabilitation, all patients received food by the oral route. The best outcomes were achieved in group 2a patients, who underwent tongue reconstruction with free revascularized flaps. This group of patients had a lower percentage of the asymmetry of facial muscles and limited mobility of the tongue compared to other groups of patients.In the subgroups of patients undergoing glosssectomy, most of the studied parameters did not have statistically significant differences in values. However, it should be noted that in group 2b, the period from the date of surgical treatment to the beginning of rehabilitation was significantly longer than in group 1b.Conclusion. The use of the microvascular surgical techniques using various donor flaps creates the basis for a more complete functional recovery and expands the rehabilitation potential of patients after surgical treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancer.

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Mukherjee, Pranab K., Hannah Wang, Mauricio Retuerto, et al. "Bacteriome and mycobiome associations in oral tongue cancer." Oncotarget 8, no. 57 (2017): 97273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.21921.

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Mochizuki, Takahiro, Sakae Okumura, Genichiro Ishii, et al. "Surgical resection for oral tongue cancer pulmonary metastases☆." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 11, no. 1 (2010): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1510/icvts.2009.226399.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Oral Tongue Cancer'

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