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Journal articles on the topic 'Orchard'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Holb, Imre, and Bart Heijne. "Comparative Study of Dutch and Hungarian Environmentally-friendly Apple Orchards on Potential Ascospore Dose of Apple Scab." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 12, 2002): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3533.

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In a 2-year study, Dutch and Hungarian environmentally-friendly apple orchards were compared as regards the amount of apple scab primary inoculum. The PAD (potential ascospore dose) method was used to quantify the potential amount of primary inoculum (ascospores) per m2 orchard floor. Applying this method, the number of lesions per m2 of leaf in the autumn (LD), the proportion of the orchard floor covered by leaf litter at bud break (LLD) and potential ascospore dose (PAD) were determined. In autumn, LD values ranged between 2.2 and 13.5 in the integrated orchards, while in the organic orchard

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2

Shuleva, Stanimira, Velichko Gagov, and Petar Zhelev. "Outcrossing rates in two seed orchards of Pinus nigra Arn. in Bulgaria." Silva Balcanica 24, no. 1 (2023): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.24.e101560.

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Seed orchards are an important source of seeds with improved genetic quality. Here we present results of a study on the genetic composition of seed orchards crop of Austrian black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.). Two seed orchards were included in the study &ndash; a clonal seed orchard established near Sliven, and a seedling seed orchard, established in the region of Simitli. The outcrossing rates were higher in the clonal seed orchard (Sliven), 0.873 and 0.806 multi-locus (tm) and single-locus (ts) estimates, respectively. The same values were 0.623 and 0.530, respectively, in the seedling seed

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3

Shuleva, Stanimira, Velichko Gagov, and Petar Zhelev. "Outcrossing rates in two seed orchards of Pinus nigra Arn. in Bulgaria." Silva Balcanica 24, no. (1) (2023): 47–54. https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.24.e101560.

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Seed orchards are an important source of seeds with improved genetic quality. Here we present results of a study on the genetic composition of seed orchards crop of Austrian black pine (<em>Pinus nigra</em> Arn.). Two seed orchards were included in the study – a clonal seed orchard established near Sliven, and a seedling seed orchard, established in the region of Simitli. The outcrossing rates were higher in the clonal seed orchard (Sliven), 0.873 and 0.806 multi-locus (t<sub>m</sub>) and single-locus (t<sub>s</sub>) estimates, respectively. The same values were 0.623 and 0.530, respecti

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4

Tesfagergish, Amanuel, Ariam Ghebrebrhan, Rahel Temesghen, Rodas Dawit, and Gangapuram Sethumadhava Rao. "Prevalence and Assessment of Disease Incidence and Severity in Citrus Orchards of Sub Zoba Hamelmalo." Caribbean Journal of Science and Technology 09, no. 01 (2021): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55434/cbi.2021.9105.

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Citrus (Citrus spp. L.) production in Eritrea covers over 2409 ha of the land but the average potential of production is 91 q/ha to 150 -170 q/ha. This low yield might be due to lack of knowledge on management practices, adverse environmental factors and different diseases caused by various pathogens. Moreover, there is no proper recorded data on the identification of diseases on citrus and its intensity, hence, this survey: to identify the prevailed diseases; assessment of disease incidence, severity and calculate the ‘Area Under Disease Progress Curve’ (AUDPC). A survey was carried out in th

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5

Chroboková, E., J. Suchá, H. Ludvíková, and P. Lauterer. "Occurrence of potential vectors of phytoplasma in pear orchards with different plantation management." Horticultural Science 41, No. 3 (2014): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/77/2014-hortsci.

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During 2009&ndash;2011, regular captures of Cacopsylla pyri, C. pyrisuga and C. pyricola in four pear orchards (one conventional orchard, one integrated pest management (IPM) orchard, two organic orchards) were conducted in the Czech Republic. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were performed on psyllids captured from the orchards with the highest occurrence of these insects. The DNA extracted from pairs of psyllid individuals was analysed by nested PCR (R16F2n/R2-fU5/rU3) and restriction fragment length polymorphism method (RFLP) (RsaI, BfmI). Two C. pyri individuals captured on 11/05/

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6

Dafny-Yelin, Mery, Jehudith Clara Moy, Raphael A. Stern, Israel Doron, Miriam Silberstein, and Daphna Michaeli. "High-density ‘Spadona’ pear orchard shows reduced tree sensitivity to fire blight damage due to decreased tree vigour." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 60, no. 3 (2021): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/phyto-12847.

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Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a severe disease of pear (Pyrus communis). Highly vigorous trees are more sensitive to E. amylovora damage after summer pruning. Trees grown in high-density orchards have lower vigour than those in low-density orchards, reducing required inputs for pruning and tying, and increasing per hectare yields orchard profitability. Tree damage due to fire blight was assessed in high-density pear orchards vs. the common Israeli low-density orchards. Pear trees were planted at high densities using the spindle system (2500 trees ha-1 for ‘Spadona’ and 1250 tree

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7

Serrano, Alicia, Anna Wunsch, Jean Sabety, et al. "The Comparative Root System Architecture of Declining and Non-Declining Trees in Two Apple Orchards in New York." Plants 12, no. 14 (2023): 2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142644.

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Rapid apple decline is a phenomenon characterized by a weakening of young apple trees in high density orchards, often followed by their quick collapse. The nature of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this work, we investigated the root system architecture (RSA) of declining and non-declining apple trees in two orchards in New York State. High-density orchard A consisted of 4-year-old ‘Honeycrisp’ on ‘Malling 9 Nic29’, and conventional orchard B consisted of 8-year-old ‘Fuji’ on ‘Budagovsky 9’. In both orchards, a negative correlation (−0.4–−0.6) was observed between RSA traits and decline sy

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8

Lukač Bulatović, Mirjana, Katarina Đurić, and Todor Marković. "VALUE ASSESSMENT OF FRUIT ORCHARDS BASED ON THE COSTS OF ESTABLISHMENT." Ekonomika poljoprivrede 71, no. 3 (2024): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.59267/ekopolj2403821l.

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The necessity for value assessment of fruit orchards (an orchard as a whole and/or individual fruit trees grown therein) arises in instances of the damage or destruction of orchards caused by climatic factors, intentional harm, expropriation, the construction of public facilities at the orchard site (such as highways, railways, power lines, etc.), changes in ownership, and expert mediation in various legal disputes. The value assessment of orchards based on the total costs of establishment involves determining all expenditures incurred from the very establishment of the orchard until its full

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9

González, Eugenia, and Turner B. Sutton. "Population Diversity within Isolates of Colletotrichum spp. Causing Glomerella Leaf Spot and Bitter Rot of Apples in Three Orchards in North Carolina." Plant Disease 88, no. 12 (2004): 1335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.12.1335.

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The population diversity within isolates of Glomerella cingulata and Colletotrichum spp. associated with Glomerella leaf spot and bitter rot of apples was studied in an orchard of cv. Granny Smith located in Wilkes County, NC, and one orchard each of cultivars Granny Smith and Gala located in Lincoln County, NC. Morphological characters and vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) were used to determine diversity within the species. The relative frequencies of the morphological types found within each species in each orchard were also determined. G. cingulata was the predominant species associat

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10

Powell, Gregory L., and Timothy L. White. "Cone and Seed Yields from Slash Pine Seed Orchards." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 18, no. 3 (1994): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/18.3.122.

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Abstract The Cooperative Forest Genetics Research Program (CFGRP) initiated a slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) seed orchard management recording system (SOMRS) in 1985 to quantify cone and seed yields of slash pine orchards in the cooperative program. First, historical data were obtained from CFGRP slash pine seed orchards. Secondly, starting in 1985, cultural treatments and production yield data have been collected annually from 56 slash pine seed orchards located throughout Florida, Georgia, and Alabama. The vast majority of these orchards are intensively managed for seed

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11

Wells, M. Lenny. "Pecan Nutrient Element Status and Orchard Soil Fertility in the Southeastern Coastal Plain of the United States." HortTechnology 19, no. 2 (2009): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.2.432.

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This survey addresses the current nutritional status of orchards typical of a large portion of the United States pecan (Carya illinoinensis) industry. A leaf nutrition and soil fertility survey was conducted for commercial orchards in a major production area of the U.S. pecan belt, which is located in southern Georgia. The study sampled pecan orchards from 18 July to 5 Aug. 2005 and 17 July to 3 Aug. 2008. All orchards had a history of commercial level orchard management, and represented a wide range of orchards typical of the region. Results indicate that southeastern U.S. pecan producers sho

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12

Große-Stoltenberg, André, Andreas Hanzl, Mojdeh Safaei, and Till Kleinebecker. "Once Common, Long in Decline: Dynamics of Traditional Orchards in a Central European Landscape." Land 13, no. 10 (2024): 1639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13101639.

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Traditional orchards are distinctive features of cultural landscapes in Central Europe. Despite their high level of ecological importance, they are in decline, and comprehensive spatial data over broad extents, which could enable a trend analysis, are lacking. We analysed traditional orchard maps from 1952 to 1967 and a map from 2010, generated via aerial image interpretation, for the state of Hesse (ca. 21,115 km2), which has the second largest share of traditional orchards in Germany. We aimed to (1) quantify long-term orchard dynamics, (2) compare orchard characteristics in terms of topogra

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Wells, M. Lenny. "Pecan Nutrient Element Status and Orchard Soil Fertility in the Southeastern Coastal Plain of the United States." HortTechnology 19, no. 2 (2009): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.19.2.432.

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This survey addresses the current nutritional status of orchards typical of a large portion of the United States pecan (Carya illinoinensis) industry. A leaf nutrition and soil fertility survey was conducted for commercial orchards in a major production area of the U.S. pecan belt, which is located in southern Georgia. The study sampled pecan orchards from 18 July to 5 Aug. 2005 and 17 July to 3 Aug. 2008. All orchards had a history of commercial level orchard management, and represented a wide range of orchards typical of the region. Results indicate that southeastern U.S. pecan producers sho

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14

Štefanić, Edita, Vesna Kovačević, Lea Jakovljević, Urška Kosić, Dinko Zima, and Alka Turalija. "Weed Community in a Conventionally-Grown Olive Orchard Vs. Weed Community in Consociation with Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip.)." Poljoprivreda 27, no. 1 (2021): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18047/poljo.27.1.4.

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On the experimental plots of the Institute of Agriculture and Tourism in Poreč, weed communities were analyzed in a conventionally‐grown olive orchard and in consociation with pyrethrum. Phytocenological surveys were conducted in March, June, and September using the Braun-Blanquet Cover Abundance Scale. Altogether, 54 species of vascular plants were recognized in both orchards. However, in a conventionally‐grown olive orchard, 27 were identified, whereas 42 weed species were identified in consociation with pyrethrum. Only 15 weeds were common to both orchards. Between both olive orchards, sign

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15

Qin, Lei, Xiaoxuan Li, Weitao Jiang, Yusong Liu, Chengmiao Yin, and Zhiquan Mao. "Effect of Aged Cherry Orchard Soil on the Potted Seedling Growth of Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd." Horticulturae 10, no. 3 (2024): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10030223.

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Due to the aging of trees, aged apple and cherry orchards need to be rebuilt urgently. However, due to the limitation of land resources, it is inevitable to rebuild the apple orchard by taking the aged cherry orchard as a replacement, which will lead to replant disease and seriously affect the sustainable development of the horticulture industry. This study investigated the effect of aged cherry orchard soil on the growth of M. hupehensis seedlings grown in pots, and it was further verified that allelochemicals in soil were one of the reasons for this effect. Three treatments were implemented:

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16

A. Dhenge, Sevak, Jagdish R. Kadam, M. C. Ahire, and R. G. Mardane. "Accessibility of Orchard of the Commercial Mango Growers for Scientific Management of Mango Orchard." Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology 47, no. 01 (2022): 03–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47101.

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The present investigation was carried out to analyze the Accessibility of orchard of the commercial mango growers for scientifically management of mango orchard by interviewing 240 commercial mango orchard growers have been cultivated their orchard for market purpose.This investigation conducted in Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg districts of Konkan region of Maharashtra state. Purposive sampling methods was study for this investigation. Total six tahsils were selected, eight villages were selected on the basis of large of commercial mango growers. From 48 villages 240 respondents were selected on th

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17

Babar, Abdul Saleem, Gaji Bux Bugti, and Mehruinsa Memon. "Evaluation of Soil Texture, EC, pH and Primary Macro Elements in Five Mango Orchard Soils of Kotri, Sindh, Pakistan." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 15, no. 2 (2024): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v15i2.272.

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Analysis of soil is a very important practice for evaluating the nutrient status and ultimately establishing the fertilizer application program for soil health, fruit quality and production. The aim of present study was to assess the soil texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and primary macronutrients such as N, P, K at 0-15 and 15-30cm depths from five orchards such as Aijaz farm (Orchard 1), Zardari farm (Orchard 2), Shahnawaz farm (Orchard 3), Ismail farm (Orchard 4), and Malik Azad farm (Orchard 5) of Kotri, Sindh Pakistan. The results indicated that most of the soils were sandy clay

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18

Horton, David R. "Psyllids in Natural Habitats as Alternative Resources for Key Natural Enemies of the Pear Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)." Insects 15, no. 1 (2024): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15010037.

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The pear psyllids (Cacopsylla spp.; Psylloidea) comprise ~24 species of sap-feeding insects distributed in Europe, temperate Asia, and (as introductions) in the Americas. These pear-specialized insects are among the most damaging and difficult to control pests in orchards. Biological control increasingly is being used to replace or partially replace insecticidal management of pear psyllids. Many key natural enemies of pear psyllids regularly occur in non-orchard habitats on native plants. The presence of beneficial species both in orchard and non-orchard habitats (here referred to as “spillove

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19

Dallot, Sylvie, Tim Gottwald, Gérard Labonne, and Jean-Bernard Quiot. "Factors Affecting the Spread of Plum pox virus Strain M in Peach Orchards Subjected to Roguing in France." Phytopathology® 94, no. 12 (2004): 1390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2004.94.12.1390.

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We evaluated the impact of roguing on the spread and persistence of the aggressive Plum pox virus strain M (PPV-M) in 19 peach orchard blocks in Southern France. During a 7- to 10-year period, orchards were visually inspected for PPV symptoms, and symptomatic trees were removed every year. Disease incidence was low in all orchards at disease discovery and was <1% in 16 of the 19 orchard blocks. The spread of Sharka disease was limited in all 19 blocks, with an annual disease incidence between 2 and 6%. However, new symptomatic trees were continuously detected, even after 7 to 10 years of un

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20

Logan, D. P., B. J. Maher, and P. G. Connolly. "Increased numbers of earwigs (Forficula auricularia) in kiwifruit orchards are associated with fewer broadspectrum sprays." New Zealand Plant Protection 64 (January 8, 2011): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2011.64.5955.

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European earwigs are sensitive to the residues of broadspectrum insecticides More earwigs are found on organicallymanaged than on conventionallymanaged kiwifruit orchards Since 2007 there have been changes in insecticide use on kiwifruit orchards In particular the broadspectrum insecticide diazinon was replaced by socalled reducedrisk insecticides In the current study earwig numbers were measured in nine conventionallymanaged and seven organicallymanaged orchards for 4 years (200607 to 200910) Numbers of earwigs on orchard blocks under organic management did not differ between years and were i

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21

Bhadani, Megha, Dipty Kumar Das, Tara Man Rai, and Somya Kumari Bhadani. "Effect of Morphological Characteristics of Fruit Orchards on Soil Physio-chemical Properties." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 19 (2023): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193539.

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Biophysical characteristics of 16-year-old fruit orchards and their influence on soil physico-chemical properties of sixteen-year-old fruit orchards established at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Birouli, Samastipur (Bihar) were compared. Fruit orchards were Mango (Mangifera indica) var. Malda, Litchi (litchi chinensis) var. China and Aonla (Emblica officinalis) var. NA-7. An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the dynamics of Oxidisable Organic Carbon (Coc), SOC sequestration, Bulk Density (BD), pH and Electrical Conductivity (EC) in fruit orchards. All the orchards significantly improved SOC show

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22

Ehi Francis, Okosodo. "Agritourism and Socioeconomic Potentials of Orchards." Jurnal Kepariwisataan: Destinasi, Hospitalitas dan Perjalanan 8, no. 1 (2024): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34013/jk.v8i1.1512.

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This study explores the potential of developing agritourism through orchard management in the Ilaro Yewa Land region of southwestern Nigeria. Utilizing site-to-site observations and semi-structured questionnaires, the research investigates ten selected orchard plantations, focusing on five to ten prevalent fruit tree species within each plantation. Data was collected from 45 staff members involved in various aspects of the orchards. The findings indicate significant potential for orchards to stimulate agritourism, contributing positively to the local economy. Among the respondents, 97.8% agree

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23

Powers, H. R., and J. F. Kraus. "A Comparison of Fusiform Rust-Resistant Loblolly Pine Seed Sources." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 10, no. 4 (1986): 230–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/10.4.230.

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Abstract A greenhouse inoculation study compared resistance to fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings derived from bulk seed produced in 4 rust-resistant seed orchards, 1 rust-resistant geographic seed source (Livingston Parish, LA), and a control treatment of improved loblolly from a first-generation production orchard. The rust-resistant orchards included 2 forest industry orchards developed from the most rust-resistant clones available within a tree improvement cooperative (1st generation), and both a clonal

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24

Wu, Chunxiao, Yundan Liu, Jianyu Yang, et al. "Large-Scale Apple Orchard Identification from Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Imagery." Agronomy 15, no. 6 (2025): 1487. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15061487.

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Accurately extracting large-scale apple orchards from remote sensing imagery is of importance for orchard management. Most studies lack large-scale, high-resolution apple orchard maps due to sparse orchard distribution and similar crops, making mapping difficult. Using phenological information and multi-temporal feature-selected imagery, this paper proposed a large-scale apple orchard mapping method based on the AOCF-SegNet model. First, to distinguish apples from other crops, phenological information was used to divide time periods and select optimal phases for each spectral feature, thereby

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Sofo, Adriano, Giuseppe Celano, Patrizia Ricciuti, et al. "Changes in composition and activity of soil microbial communities in peach and kiwifruit Mediterranean orchards under an innovative management system." Soil Research 48, no. 3 (2010): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr09128.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of 2 soil management systems, so called ‘innovative’ (INN) and ‘conventional’ (CON), on genetic and metabolic diversity of soil microbial communities of peach and kiwifruit orchards. INN system included minimum tillage, organic matter inputs from compost and cover crops, winter pruning, and adequate irrigation and fertilisation. CON system was characterised by conventional tillage, zero organic input, empirical pruning, strong chemical fertilisation, and excessive irrigation. After 4 years of treatments, soil samples were collected in different

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McLaren, G. F., and P. A. Alspach. "The incidence of New Zealand flower thrips in stonefruit orchards between flowering and harvest." New Zealand Plant Protection 59 (August 1, 2006): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2006.59.4527.

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New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus (Crawford) (NZFT) feeds on the nectar and pollen of stonefruit flowers and was thought to then disappear from orchards for 23 months until the fruit ripen Aerial populations of NZFT were sampled in Central Otago orchards using white sticky traps Samples were taken in a peach orchard for 6 months from flowering until after harvest and in two cherry orchards for six weeks during harvest In all three orchards populations of NZFT reached high numbers in December In the peach block NZFT numbers peaked in December several weeks before the fruit began to ri

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Paudel, Laxmi Kanta, Diksha Sigdel, and Rabina Acharya. "Soil Fertility Dynamics and Identify the Most Limiting Nutrients Affecting Walnut Productivity in Nepal." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 8 (2024): 578–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84889.

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This study aimed to assess the soil nutrient status in walnut orchards of different ages in Jajarkot district, Nepal, to understand soil fertility dynamics and identify the most limiting nutrients affecting walnut productivity. The research employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments representing different age groups of walnut orchards (1-5 years, 6-10 years, and 11-15 years), each replicated seven times across various municipalities. The study was conducted in Jajarkot district, Karnali Province, Nepal, encompassing municipalities including Nalgad, Junichadey, and

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Nagari, Moshe, and Motti Charter. "Comparing Insect Predation by Birds and Insects in an Apple Orchard and Neighboring Unmanaged Habitat: Implications for Ecosystem Services." Animals 13, no. 11 (2023): 1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13111785.

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Preserving ecosystem services, such as natural enemies that can provide pest control, can positively impact crops without compromising agricultural yield. Even though controlling pests by natural enemies has been suggested to reduce pests in agriculture, growers continue using conventional pesticides that kill beneficial predators. Here we studied whether the predation of avian and insect-beneficial predators varies in an apple orchard with conventional insecticide use compared to a bordering tree stand without insecticides. We studied the predation rates of mealworm pupae as a proxy to coddli

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Khan, Nazish Huma, Mohammad Nafees, Tooba Saeed, Abdullah Khan, and Adila Bashir. "Accumulation and Translocation of Micro-Nutrients in Soil and Plants of Orchard and Non-Orchard Fields." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 63, no. 3 (2020): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.63.3.2020.187.198.

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The present study was conducted in the Plum orchard zone of district Peshawar. The study was aimed to investigate the levels of different micronutrients in the orchard soil and crop in corresponding to non-orchards. For this purpose, samples of soil and seasonal crop (wheat crop) were collected from both orchard and non-orchard fields. The collected samples were analyzed for various metals such as Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Co through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that in orchard soils, mean concentrations of Mn (486.9 mg/Kg), Cu (81.66 mg/Kg), Cd (2.21 mg/Kg), Cr

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Mahmud, Kare, Paula Ibell, Carole Wright, Zac Scobell, John Wilkie, and Ian Bally. "Light Relation in Intensive Mango Orchards." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036122.

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The amount of light intercepted by a tree and its distribution within the canopy is critical in optimizing tree photosynthesis efficiency, carbon partitioning and productivity. Here we compare light relations in experimental high-density mango orchard systems with current commercial orchards. A baseline study of current commercial mango orchards showed a maximum light interception of approximately 67% was reached in trees aged between 26-31 years old, with canopy volume of approximately 15,187 m3/ha. Light interception did not significantly increase beyond 67% regardless of increase in canopy

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Dineshkumar, S., M. Kannan, R. P. Soundararajan, N. Manikanda Boopathi, M. Jayakanthan, and K. J. David. "Methyl Eugenol (Parapheromone) Trapping System on Diversity of Fruit Flies and Influence of Weather Parameters on Trap Catches in Mango and Guava Cropping Systems." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (2023): 3027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92542.

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Studies on species diversity and influence of weather parameters on methyl eugenol (parapheromone) trap catches were carried out in mango and guava orchards at Coimbatore and Dindigul Districts of Tamil Nadu from Standard Meteorological Week (SMW) 16th to SMW 25th. Species diversity indices were calculated, and the methyl eugenol trap catches were correlated with the weather parameters. The results revealed that four fruit fly species viz., Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Guava fruit fly, B. correcta (Bezii), B. caryeae (Kapoor), and Peach fruit fly, B. zonata (Saunders), wer

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Kline, Olivia, Ngoc T. Phan, Mitzy F. Porras, et al. "Biology, Genetic Diversity, and Conservation of Wild Bees in Tree Fruit Orchards." Biology 12, no. 1 (2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12010031.

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Different species of bees provide essential ecosystem services by pollinating various agricultural crops, including tree fruits. Many fruits and nuts depend on insect pollination, primarily by wild and managed bees. In different geographical regions where orchard crops are grown, fruit growers rely on wild bees in the farmscape and use orchard bees as alternative pollinators. Orchard crops such as apples, pears, plums, apricots, etc., are mass-flowering crops and attract many different bee species during their bloom period. Many bee species found in orchards emerge from overwintering as the fr

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Potter, Marisa T., Richard J. Heerema, Jill Schroeder, Jamshid Ashigh, Dawn VanLeeuwen, and Cheryl Fiore. "Mature Pecan Orchard Floor Vegetation Management: Impacts on Tree Water Status, Nutrient Content, and Nut Production." HortScience 47, no. 6 (2012): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.6.727.

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Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] growers are advised to control orchard floor vegetation when establishing new orchards, but there is not a set recommendation for vegetation control in mature orchards. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of orchard floor vegetation on water and nitrogen (N) status of flood-irrigated mature pecan trees. Four treatments studied were: completely vegetated orchard floor, vegetation-free inner area directly under the tree canopy with vegetation in the outer area, completely vegetation-free, and vegetated inner area under the canopy w

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Chaloupková, Kateřina, Jan Stejskal, Yousry El-Kassaby, John Frampton, and Milan Lstibůrek. "Current Advances in Seed Orchard Layouts: Two Case Studies in Conifers." Forests 10, no. 2 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10020093.

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Currently, there has been an increasing demand on seed orchard designs with respect to mitigating inbreeding in advanced generations or facing severe mortality at sites. Optimum Neighborhood Algorithm design (ONA) excels in solving these issues, as shown in two case studies. The first demonstrates the application of the ONA for populating empty positions in an existing orchard. Following this concept, the ONA can be used for upgrading existing orchards, where only high-value parents are retained and new parents are introduced, thus avoiding the genetic penalty associated with the establishment

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Praslička, J., and A. Barteková. "Occurrence of predatory mites of the Phytoseiidae family on apple-trees in integrated and ecological orchards." Plant Protection Science 44, No. 2 (2008): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7/2008-pps.

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During the 2005–2007, we identified six species of predatory mites in the integrated and an ecological orchard: <I>Phytoseius echinus</I>, <I>Phytoseius macropilis</I>, <I>Euseius finlandicus</I>, <I>Typhlodromus pyri</I>, <I>Paraseiulus triporus</I> and <I>Amblyseius andersoni</I>. The species <I>Phytoseius echinus</I>, <I>Euseius finlandicus</I> and <I>Typhlodromus pyri</I> occurred in both orchards. <I>Phytoseius echinus</I> was dominant especially in the ecological orchar

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BORDOLOI, JURISANDHYA, LAHAR JYOTI BORDOLOI, KALU RAM YADAV, and LOHIT KUMAR BAISHYA. "Assessing horticulture-based land management impacts on carbon dynamics and soil quality." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 94, no. 8 (2024): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i8.148319.

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The present study was carried during 2020 and 2021 at School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (Nagaland University), Medziphema, Nagaland to study the effects of different horticulture-based land use systems on carbon stock, soil fertility and soil biological health in acidic hill soils of Nagaland. Average values of bulk density of the soils were 1.20 and 1.21 g/cm3 in surface and sub-surface soils, respectively irrespective of type of orchards. The maximum and minimum carbon stock was recorded in pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] (46.77 and 43.38 mg/ha) and citrus (Citrus s

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Trimble, R. M., and E. A. C. Hagley. "EVALUATION OF MASS TRAPPING FOR CONTROLLING THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER, PHYLLONORYCTER BLANCARDELLA (FABR.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 120, no. 2 (1988): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent120101-2.

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AbstractMass trapping for control of the spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabr.), was evaluated during 1986 in one experimental orchard near Jordan Station, Ont., and in three commercial orchards in Norfolk County, Ont. Multi-Pher II® traps were used to trap adult males, and Vineland traps were used to monitor adult activity and to obtain a measure of the effect of mass trapping on adult male abundance. In the experimental orchard, Vineland trap catches were similar in the trapped and control plots. In two of the three commercial orchards Vineland trap catches were sig

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Song, Sujin, Byeori Kim, Kwang-Pyo Kim, and Eunjung Roh. "Novel Detection Protocol for Erwinia amylovora in Orchard Soil after Removal of Infected Trees." Plant Pathology Journal 40, no. 3 (2024): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.oa.11.2023.0158.

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Fire blight is a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. In Korea, fire blight was first reported in 2015 in an orchard. If the infection is confirmed, all trees in the orchard must be removed and the orchard must remain closed for 3 years. Since 2020, if the number of trees infected with fire blight is less than 5% of the total trees in the orchard, only the infected tree and adjacent trees are removed in Korea. Three years after removal, the trees can be replanted after confirming that the orchard soil is free from E. amylovora. In this study, a protocol was established for detecting

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Bueno, R., and Jay D. Stone. "APHELINUS PERPALLIDUS PARASITISM OF MONELLIA CARYELLA POPULATIONS IN FAR WEST TEXAS1." Journal of Entomological Science 20, no. 3 (1985): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-20.3.325.

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In 1981 and 1982, a survey was conducted to determine the impact of the parasite, Aphelinus perpallidus (Gahan), on populations of the blackmargined aphid, Monellia caryella (Fitch), in far west Texas. Parasitism did have a moderate impact on aphid populations in most of the orchards sampled in El Paso County. In 1981, peak percentage parasitism ranged from 6% in the Fabens orchard to 17% in the El Paso orchard. In 1982 peak percentage parasitism generally increased and ranged from 25% in the El Paso orchard to 30% in the Ysleta and Tornillo orchards. Further information on the phenology of A.

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Godt, M. J. W., J. L. Hamrick, M. A. Edwards-Burke, and J. H. Williams. "Comparisons of genetic diversity in white spruce (Picea glauca) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) seed orchards with natural populations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 6 (2001): 943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-024.

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Genetic diversity within a white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seed orchard (consisting of 40 clones) and a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) seed orchard (31 clones) was assessed and compared with genetic diversity in natural populations within the source area for the orchards. Genetic diversity was determined at 18 allozyme loci for seven white spruce populations and 27 loci for five jack pine populations, and the two orchards. Gene diversity maintained within the seed orchards (He = 0.157 for white spruce and 0.114 for jack pine) was similar to that found within the source area for ea

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Burcaw, Jeffrey W., Bruce W. Wood, and Michael W. Pool. "620 PB 328 MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF INTERTREE SHADING IN HEDGEROW AND NON-INTERSECTING CANOPY ORCHARD SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON OPTIMAL ORCHARD DESIGN." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 521b—521. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.521b.

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The authors have developed a mathematical model designed for shade-intolerant tree crops which describes the amount of intertree shading in an orchard. These data are used to formulate an optimal orchard design based on shading reduction in orchards for any tree crop during any developmental window at any global location for either continuous canopy hedgerows or non-intersecting canopies for several different orchard geometries. Variables include tree shape, orchard geometry intertree spacing, row orientation, time and day of year, and geographical coordinates. Optimal orchard designs are base

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Shaw, P. W., D. R. Wallis, and D. J. Rogers. "The impact of early season insecticides on biological control of apple leafcurling midge (Dasineura mali)." New Zealand Plant Protection 56 (August 1, 2003): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2003.56.6036.

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The fate of apple leafcurling midge (ALCM Dasineura mali) egg batches was monitored in spring 2003 at two apple orchards in Riwaka near Motueka Orchard A had received prebloom insecticide applications of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl for fruit thinning each season since 2000 Orchard B substituted these chemicals with the selective insecticide buprofezin and used benzyladenine for fruit thinning over the same period Predation and parasitism of ALCM eggs at orchard B resulted in lower survival of larvae and less damage to shoots compared to orchard A Ninety percent of ALCM larvae at orchard B were p

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N, Palagacheva. "EFFECT OF MATING DISRUPTION ON THE PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES OF CODLING MOTH (CYDIA POMONELLA L.) AND FRUIT DAMAGE IN WALNUT (JUGLANS REGIA L.)ORCHARDS UNDER ORGANIC FARMING." Journal of Biopesticides 14, no. 01 (2021): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.14.1.79-82.

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ABSTRACT The codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), a key pest in walnut orchards in Bulgaria, is managed mainly with broad spectrum insecticides. Insecticide application often resulted in destruction of beneficial species and environmental pollution. The present study was conducted during 2018 - 2019 in Pazardzhik region of Bulgaria in an isolated orchard. The pheromone trap catches of C. pomonella in the organically maintained walnut orchard in the presence of mating disruption (MD) dispensers was compared with the pheromone trap catches in the conventional control orchard. The Pherocon VI stick

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Alan, Murat, Selim Kaplan, Turgay Ezen, and Rumi Sabuncu. "The effects of top pruning on growth and production of conelets and cones in Pinus brutia Ten seed orchards of different ages." Šumarski list 142, no. 5-6 (2018): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31298/sl.142.5-6.1.

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In economic and biological terms (rapid growth, the ability to produce seeds at an early age, etc.) Pinus brutia Ten. is one the most important forest tree species in Turkey. Considerable progress has been made in Pinus brutia Ten. breeding program and both phenotypical and according to the results of progeny trials, totaling 615-hectare seed orchardshas been established. Pinus brutia Ten. seed orchardshas reached 43% of the total orchard area and covered the largest area. To acquire information on the management of seed orchards, top pruning has been carried out on three Pinus brutia Ten. see

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Chouinard, Gérald, Francine Pelletier, and Charles Vincent. "Pest Activity and Protection Practices: Four Decades of Transformation in Quebec Apple Orchards." Insects 12, no. 3 (2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12030197.

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A group of commercial orchards from Quebec (Canada) was followed from 1977 to 2019 as part of a project to implement Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Collected data comprised activity of major fruit pests (from monitoring traps), fruit damage at harvest and pesticide applications, from which the annual costs and impacts of protection programs over 42 years were calculated. Activity and fruit damage in commercial orchards were compared to patterns observed in a reference insecticide-free orchard. Some insects (European apple sawfly, codling moth, apple maggot) were more prevalent in

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El-Kassaby, Y. A., M. U. Stoehr, D. Reid, C. G. Walsh, and T. E. Lee. "Clonal-row versus random seed orchard designs: interior spruce mating system evaluation." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 3 (2007): 690–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-248.

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Mating system pattern (selfing or outcrossing and correlated matings levels) comparisons between two interior spruce seed orchard designs (clonal-row and random) managed under intensive crown and pollen management were conducted. Crown manipulation consisted of tree topping and branch pruning, while pollen management involved multiple supplemental mass-pollination applications during peak seed-cone reproductive receptivity and pollen agitation using helicopters. Significant differences between orchards’ multilocus outcrossing rate estimates were observed, and both estimates significantly depar

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Rizzo, D. M., E. C. Whiting, and R. B. Elkins. "Spatial Distribution of Armillaria mellea in Pear Orchards." Plant Disease 82, no. 11 (1998): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.11.1226.

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Pears have traditionally been considered to be highly resistant to Armillaria root disease (causal agent: Armillaria mellea). In recent years, however, the incidence of Armillaria root disease in pears has increased in California. To determine the spatial distribution of Armillaria root disease in the field, a total of 156 isolates of Armillaria were collected from dead and dying pear trees located within two orchards in Lake County. All isolates from these two orchards, as well as from an additional 10 pear orchards, were identified as Armillaria mellea sensu stricto. Based on pairings among

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Guo, Li-Yun, Themis J. Michailides, and David P. Morgan. "Survival of Mucor piriformis in Soil of Apple Orchards in California." Plant Disease 83, no. 2 (1999): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.2.189.

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Four apple orchards were sampled periodically in 1995 and 1996 to determine the population levels of Mucor piriformis, the causal agent of Mucor rot. The highest population, 119 propagules of M. piriformis per g of dry soil, occurred during winter. Populations declined during summer and fall and increased again in winter and early spring of the following year. Isolates from soil and apple fruit of these orchards contained +, −, and neuter mating types, with the + being the predominant mating type. Depending on the orchard, up to 27.7% of apples infected by M. piriformis had zygospores develope

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Ben-Hamo, Miriam, David Ezra, Helena Krasnov, and Lior Blank. "Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Mal Secco Disease Spread in Lemon Orchards in Israel." Phytopathology® 110, no. 4 (2020): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-06-19-0195-r.

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Mal Secco is a severe disease of citrus in which the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus (formerly Phoma tracheiphila) penetrates the vascular system of the host. In this study, we characterized the spatial dynamics of the disease in seven lemon orchards. A representative block of trees from each orchard was evaluated monthly during 3 consecutive years. In addition, scouts assessed disease severity in 75 orchards from three different geographical regions and tested for association between disease severity and measures of orchard management, environmental factors, cultural practices, and cultivar t

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Wang, Shaoxiao. "A Review of Orchard Robot Research." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (2024): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/re3d0v02.

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In modern agricultural production, orchards, as one of the important agricultural fields, are facing difficulties such as labor shortage, low production efficiency, and rising costs. To cope with these difficulties, orchard robots were introduced as an emerging technology. With the rapid development of robotics, artificial intelligence and machine learning, the application of intelligent robots in the agricultural field is becoming more and more mature. Advances in sensing technology, navigation technology, image recognition and other technologies have provided technical support for the resear

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