To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Orcinol compound.
Journal articles on the topic 'Orcinol compound'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Orcinol compound.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yu, Chih-Li, Hongtan Wu, Yu-Pei Chen, Fangfang Chen, and Guey-Horng Wang. "Orcinol Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells via the Upregulation of the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway." Natural Product Communications 18, no. 3 (2023): 1934578X2311567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x231156704.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Orcinol (3,5-dihydroxytoluene) has been reported to demonstrate inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of orcinol on melanogenesis and its mechanism in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Methods: The effects of orcinol on melanogenesis were determined spectrophotometrically by the intracellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content. The expression of melanogenesis-related gene and signaling pathways was analyzed by Western blot and/or qRT-PCR analyses. Results: Orcinol reduced intracellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content and attenuated the protein expression and mRNA levels of melanogenesis-related genes, such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, dopachrome tautomerase, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Orcinol increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which decreased MITF expression levels. Conclusion: Orcinol reduces melanogenesis by inhibiting MITF expression, then the ERK signaling pathway, and that orcinol has the potential to become a functional cosmetic compound for skin whitening.
2
Abd Alrazzak, Nour. "Synthesis of new azo compounds based on 4-aminosalicylic acid and study anti-corrosive activity." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 38, no. 2 (2024): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.14.
Full textAbstract:
New azo dyes were prepared from 4-amino-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid in two steps; the first step includes preparation the diazonium salt. Then, diazonium compound coupled with different aromatic compounds containing donating groups (orcinol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, hydroquinone, catechol, 1,2,4-triazole, 2-methyl-naphthol and 4-toluidine, respectively). The physical properties of synthesized compounds were studied like melting point and solubility. The target molecules were characterized using FTIR, NMR and CHNS techniques. The activity of the compounds 1, 3 and 5 as anticorrosion on carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl solution was studied using weight loss method at different times and two concentrations (0.003 M, 0.005 M) of inhibitors at 298 K. Compound 5 showed more inhibition efficiency and less weight loss at different concentration in comparison with compound 1 and compound 3.
 KEY WORDS: Azo dye, 4-Aminosalicylic acid, Diazonium salt, Anti-corrosion
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(2), 473-479. 
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.14
3
Chi, Huynh Bui Linh, Bui Van Muoi, Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu, and Nguyen Kim Phi Phung. "A new phenolic compound from the lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale." Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 1 (2021): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.202060096.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractChemical investigation of the lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale led to isolate six phenolic compounds including praesorediosic (1), orcinol (2), orselinic acid (3), lecanorin (4), isolecanoric acid (5) and virensic acid (6). Among them, compound 1 appeared to be found for the first time in the nature. The structure of these compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses of HRESIMS and NMR as well as the comparison of their NMR data with those in the literature. These compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity using sulforhodamine‐B assay against HeLa (human epithelial carcinoma), NCI‐H460 (human lung cancer), HepG2 (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF‐7 (human breast cancer) cell lines.
4
Héthelyi, É., S. Szarka, É. Lemberkovics, and É. Szőke. "SPME-GC/MS identification of aroma compounds in rose flowers." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 58, no. 3 (2010): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.58.2010.3.11.
Full textAbstract:
The content and composition of active ingredients and essential oils in medicinal and aromatic plants have been studied for several decades. The volatile compounds in essential oils have been analysed routinely using gas chromatography (GC) since 1966, and with GC coupled to mass spectrometric detection (GC/MS) since 1978.The 13 rose varieties selected for chemical analysis varied for colour, shape and fragrance. The static headspace solid phase microextraction (sHS-SPME) technique recently developed for sample preparation and sample enrichment was used to study the volatile aromatic components.The main volatile compound of a sweet-smelling purple rose was found to be phenyl ethyl alcohol (33–52%). The phenyl ethyl alcohol content of fragrant rose flowers with blackish-purple petals increased continuously from early summer to late autumn (from 17 to 70 %). The dominant aromatic components of the yellow, orange and pink rose flowers were hexanol, hexenyl acetate and benzyl alcohol. Phenyl ethyl alcohol and orcinol dimethyl ether were the main constituents of the fragrant pink and white rose varieties. Methyl vinyl anisol and orcinol dimethyl ether were dominant in rose flowers with beige petals. In summary, it can be concluded that the SPME-GC/MS method is suitable for the characterization of rose varieties and for the chemical analysis of aromatic volatile compounds.
5
Dube, Mthandazo, Dayma Llanes, Mohamad Saoud, et al. "Albatrellus confluens (Alb. & Schwein.) Kotl. & Pouz.: Natural Fungal Compounds and Synthetic Derivatives with In Vitro Anthelmintic Activities and Antiproliferative Effects against Two Human Cancer Cell Lines." Molecules 27, no. 9 (2022): 2950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092950.
Full textAbstract:
Neglected tropical diseases affect the world’s poorest populations with soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis being among the most prevalent ones. Mass drug administration is currently the most important control measure, but the use of the few available drugs is giving rise to increased resistance of the parasites to the drugs. Different approaches are needed to come up with new therapeutic agents against these helminths. Fungi are a source of secondary metabolites, but most fungi remain largely uninvestigated as anthelmintics. In this report, the anthelmintic activity of Albatrellus confluens against Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated using bio-assay guided isolation. Grifolin (1) and neogrifolin (2) were identified as responsible for the anthelmintic activity. Derivatives 4–6 were synthesized to investigate the effect of varying the prenyl chain length on anthelmintic activity. The isolated compounds 1 and 2 and synthetic derivatives 4–6, as well as their educts 7–10, were tested against Schistosoma mansoni (adult and newly transformed schistosomula), Strongyloides ratti, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Necator americanus, and Ancylostoma ceylanicum. Prenyl-2-orcinol (4) and geranylgeranyl-2-orcinol (6) showed promising activity against newly transformed schistosomula. The compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 were also screened for antiproliferative or cytotoxic activity against two human cancer lines, viz. prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PC-3) and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). Compound 6 was determined to be the most effective against both cell lines with IC50 values of 16.1 µM in PC-3 prostate cells and 33.7 µM in HT-29 colorectal cells.
6
Song, Xun, François Gaascht, Claudia Schmidt-Dannert, and Christine E. Salomon. "Discovery of Antifungal and Biofilm Preventative Compounds from Mycelial Cultures of a Unique North American Hericium sp. Fungus." Molecules 25, no. 4 (2020): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040963.
Full textAbstract:
Edible mushrooms are an important source of nutraceuticals and for the discovery of bioactive metabolites as pharmaceuticals. In this work, the OSMAC (One Strain, Many Active Compounds) approach was used to isolate two new compounds (1 and 2) along with seven known compounds (3–9) from a mycelial culture of a unique North American edible mushroom Hericium sp. The fruiting body was collected in Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota (USA), and mycelial cultures were grown on four different solid and liquid media. Extracts from the mycelial cultures were screened for antimicrobial activity and only the extract from the Cheerios substrate culture exhibited antifungal activity. Bioassay guided fractionation and HPLC analysis were used to isolate nine pure compounds and the structures of the known compounds were established by analysis of the NMR and mass spectrometry data and comparison to published reports. Compound 1 is a new erinacerin alkaloid and 2 is an aldehyde derivative of 4-hydroxy chroman. Four chlorinated orcinol derivatives (3–6), a pyran (7), erinaceolactone (8), and erinacine (9) were identified. Compound 4 showed antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. neoformans (MIC = 31.3–62.5 μg/mL, respectively). Compound 4 also inhibited biofilm formation of C. albicans and C. neoformans at 7.8 μg/mL. These results suggest that mycelial cultures of edible fungi may provide useful, bioactive compounds.
7
Sánchez-Lira, Nancy M. V., Angélica Morales-Miranda, Gustavo García de la Mora, et al. "Orcinol derivative compound with antioxidant properties protects Langerhans islets against streptozotocin damage." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 69, no. 3 (2017): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12696.
Full text
8
Chi, Huynh Bui Linh, Van Muoi Bui, Thi Quynh Nhu Phan, and Kim Phi Phung Nguyen. "Phenolic compounds from the lichen Parmotrema tinctorum." Science and Technology Development Journal 24, no. 1 (2021): 1842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v24i1.2490.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The metabolites of lichens concentrated depsidones, depsides, and diphenyl ethers were possessed antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, and anticancer activities. Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale, a species of foliose lichen, is widely distributed in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. Herein, this paper describes the isolation and structure elucidation of seven compounds isolated from this lichen. Methods: Phytochemical investigations of the ethyl acetate extract of the lichen P. tinctorum led to the isolation of seven pure compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis and comparison with previously published data. Results: Seven compounds, namely orcinol (1), orsellinic acid (2), methyl orsellinate (3), methyl heamatomate (4), lecanorin (5), lecanoric acid (6), and gyrophoric acid (7). These compounds were determined the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Conclusions: Compound 7 was determined for the first time in P. tinctorum, and this was also the first time these compounds were determined the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
9
Tao, Qiannan, Chihong Ding, Bibi Nazia Auckloo, and Bin Wu. "Bioactive Metabolites from a Hydrothermal Vent Fungus Aspergillus sp. YQ-13." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 5 (2018): 1934578X1801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300514.
Full textAbstract:
To study fermentation from strain Aspergillus sp. YQ-13, dwelling in sediment Kueishantao hydrothermal vents off Taiwan. Compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column, preparative HPLC techniques. Their structures were identified by the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. The isolates were identified as 3-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-methylbenzoyl)-5-methoxy-benzoic acid methyl ester (1), myristic acid (2), orcinol (3), 1,2-seco-trypacidin (4), leporin A (5), chaetominine (6), 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4H-pyran-4one (7) and N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone (8). Compound 1 was identified as a new natural product belonging to diphenyl ketone family. Known compounds 5 and 6 exhibited antibiotic activity with MIC value of around 1 to 25 μg mL−1 against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter Bauman. Compounds 1, 4, 5 and 6 were tested by the methods of DPPH and FRAP assay, showing moderate antioxidant activities.
10
Oliveira, Camila M., Geraldo H. Silva, Luis O. Regasini, et al. "Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Penicillium sp.1 and sp.2, Two Endophytes Associated with Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 64, no. 11-12 (2009): 824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2009-11-1212.
Full textAbstract:
In the course of our continuous search for bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi living in plants from the Brazilian fl ora, leaves of Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae) were submitted to isolation of endophytes, and two species of Penicillium were isolated. The acetonitrile fraction obtained in corn from a culture of Penicillium sp.1 afforded orcinol (1). On the other hand, Penicillium sp.1 cultivated in potato-dextrose-broth furnished two different compounds, cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Val) (2) and uracil (3). The chromatographic fractionation of the acetonitrile fraction obtained from Penicillium sp.2 led to three dihydroisocoumarins, 4-hydroxymellein (4), 8-methoxymellein (5) and 5-hydroxymellein (6). Compounds 5 and 6 were obtained from the Penicillium genus for the fi rst time. Additionally, metabolites 1 - 6 were evaluated for their antifungal and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. The most active compounds 1 and 4 exhibited detection limits of 5.00 and 10.0 μg against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum, respectively. Compound 2 showed a detection limit of 10.0 μg, displaying potent AChE inhibitory activity.
11
Elix, John A., та Judith H. Wardlaw. "4-O-Methylconhypoprotocetraric Acid, a New β-Orcinol Depsidone from the Lichen Xanthoparmelia competita". Australian Journal of Chemistry 53, № 12 (2000): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch00136.
Full textAbstract:
The depsidone 4-O-methylconhypoprotocetraric acid (8-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1,4,6,9-tetramethyl-11-oxo-11H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]-dioxepin-7-carboxylic acid) (4) has been isolated from the lichen Xanthoparmelia competita together with usnic acid and 4-O-methylhypoprotocetraric acid (3). The structure of compound (4) followed from a combination of spectroscopic data.
12
Elix, JA, та JH Wardlaw. "The Structure of Dissectic Acid, a β-Orcinol meta-Depside From the Lichen Heterodermia dissecta". Australian Journal of Chemistry 49, № 4 (1996): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9960539.
Full textAbstract:
The depside dissectic acid [methyl 3-(3′-formyl-2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methylbenzoyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dimethylbenzoate] (2) has been isolated from the lichen Heterodermia dissecta together with atranorin (1). The structure of the compound (2) followed from a combination of spectroscopic data and was confirmed by synthesis.
13
Wei, Jing, Jia-yao Li, Xi-long Feng, et al. "Unprecedented Neoverrucosane and Cyathane Diterpenoids with Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activity from Cultures of the Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom Hericium erinaceus." Molecules 28, no. 17 (2023): 6380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176380.
Full textAbstract:
The culinary medicinal mushroom Hericium erinaceus holds significant global esteem and has garnered heightened interest within increasingly ageing societies due to its pronounced neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory properties. Within this study, two novel diterpenes, 16-carboxy-13-epi-neoverrucosane (1) and Erinacine L (2); three known xylosyl cyathane diterpenoids, Erinacine A (3), Erinacine C (4), and Erinacine F (5); and four lanostane-type triterpenoids, and three cyclic dipeptides (10–12), in addition to orcinol (13), were isolated from the rice-based cultivation medium of H. erinaceus. Their structures were determined by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, ECD, and calculated NMR. Compound 1 marks a pioneering discovery as the first verrucosane diterpene originating from basidiomycetes, amplifying the scope of fungal natural product chemistry, and the intricate stereochemistry of Compound 5 has been comprehensively assessed for the first time. Compounds 2–5 not only showed encouraging neurotrophic activity in rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells, but also significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV2 microglia cell cultures with IC50 values as low as 5.82 ± 0.18 μM. To elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of these bioactivities, molecular docking simulation was used to analyze and support the interaction of 1 and 2 with inducible NO synthase (iNOS), respectively. In particular, compound 2, a cyathane-xyloside containing an unconventional hemiacetal moiety, is a compelling candidate for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. In summation, this investigation contributes substantively to the panorama of fungal diterpene structural diversity, concurrently furnishing additional empirical substantiation for the role of cyathane diterpenes in the amelioration of neurodegenerative afflictions.
14
Manojlovic, Nedeljko T., Perica J. Vasiljevic, Pavle Z. Maskovic, Marina Juskovic, and Gordana Bogdanovic-Dusanovic. "Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of LichenUmbilicaria cylindrica(L.) Delise (Umbilicariaceae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/452431.
Full textAbstract:
The phytochemical analysis of methanol and chloroform extracts ofUmbilicaria cylindricawas determined by HPLC-UV method. The predominant phenolic compound in both extracts was depsidone, salazinic acid (1). Besides salazinic acid, the tested extracts ofU. cylindricacontain norstictic acid (2), methyl-β-orcinol carboxylate (3), ethyl haematommate (4), atranorin (5), and usnic acid (6), in different amounts and relations. The lichen extracts showed comparable and strong antioxidant activity, exhibited higher DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavengings, chelating activity, and inhibitory activity towards lipid peroxidation. The lichen extracts demonstrated important antimicrobial activity against eight strains with MIC values from 15.62 to 62.50 μg/mL. This is the first report of the detail chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the lichenUmbilicaria cylindrica, and the results suggest that this lichen can be used as a new source of the natural antioxidants and the substances with antimicrobial features.
15
Manojlovic, Nedeljko, Perica Vasiljevic, Dragan Nikolic, Gordana Bogdanovic-Dusanovic, Zoran Markovic, and Stevo Najman. "The isolation, analytical characterization by HPLC-UV and NMR spectroscopy, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of baeomycesic acid from Thamnolia vermicularis var. subuliformis." Chemical Industry 65, no. 5 (2011): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind110414035m.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was the analytical characterization of the ?-orcinol depside, baeomycesic acid in lichens extracts. The extract of Thamnolia vermicularis var. subuliformis was analyzed by the two different methods, namely HPLC-UV and 1H NMR analysis. The results showed that baeomycesic acid was the most abundant depside in the lichens. These results could be of use for rapid identification of this metabolite in other lichen species. Besides baeomycesic acid, three depsides and one monocyclic phenolic compound were isolated from the lichen extract on the chromatographic column. The structure of baeomycesic acid was confirmed by HPLC-UV and spectroscopic methods. In addition, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of baeomycesic acid were determined. The result of the testing showed that baeomycesic acid exhibited a moderate radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 602.10 ? 0.54 ?g/mL) and good cytotoxic activity. This is the first report of detailed analytical characterization, isolation, as well as antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of baeomycesic acid from Thamnolia vermicularis. These results may be helpful in future industrial production of herbal medicines that include this important natural product.
16
Prokopyev, I. A., U. A. Kremenetskaya, O. S. Shemchuk, et al. "Cytotoxic and cytostatic activity of orcinol-type depsides of lichens." Scientific Notes of the Pavlov University 31, no. 3 (2024): 26–35. https://doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2024-31-3-26-35.
Full textAbstract:
Lichens synthesize unique secondary metabolites, most of which are not found in other living organisms. More than 800 such metabolites are known, which can be found in various parts of the lichen thallus. Typically, their content varies from 1 to 6 % of the dry weight of the thallus, but sometimes can reach 20 %. In recent years, interest in these metabolites has increased due to their biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This makes them promising sources of new pharmaceutical substances, although the molecular cellular mechanisms of their action require further study. The most numerous classes of lichen metabolites are depsides, formed via the acetate-polymalonate pathway. They are conjugated from two or three phenolic rings of the orcinol or β-orcinol type. To date, about 141 orcinol-type depside compounds are known, but biological activity has been described for less than 10 % of them. This review summarizes the data on the cytotoxic and antitumor effects, as well as the molecular cellular mechanisms of action of the orcinol-type depsides and tridepsides, emphasizing the need for further study of this group of compounds, for most of which the biological activity has not yet been studied.
17
Sudhakar, Gangarajula, Shruthi Bayya, Vilas D. Kadam, and Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu. "Total synthesis of gonytolides C and G, lachnone C, and formal synthesis of blennolide C and diversonol." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 30 (2014): 5601–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob00950a.
Full textAbstract:
The total syntheses of gonytolide C and related compounds have been accomplished from the aldol reaction between acetophenone derived from orcinol and butyrolactone containing ketone, followed by the diastereoselective intramolecular cyclization.
18
Zlatanović, Ivana, Ivana Zrnzević, Olga Jovanović, Igor Stojanović, Goran Petrović, and Gordana Stojanović. "Chemical Composition of Umbilicaria crustulosa and U. cylindrica." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 7 (2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200726.
Full textAbstract:
The chemical composition of ether, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts of Umbilicaria crustulosa and U. cylindrica were determined for the first time by HPLC-UV, GC-FID and GC-MS. The HPLC-UV analysis was revealed the presence of methyl orsellinate, lecanoric acid, crustinic acid, gyrophoric acid and atranorin in U. crustulosa extracts while in U. cylindrica extracts were detected following compounds: salazinic acid, norstictic acid, atraric acid, gyrophoric acid and atranorin. GC-FID and GC-MS analysis were enabled the identification of orsellinic acid (40.4%) and orcinol (48.1%) as main components of U. crustulosa extracts and atraric acid (8.5%) and orcinol (10.3%) in U. cylindrica extracts.
19
Stojanovic, Igor, Niko Radulovic, Tatjana Mitrovic, Slavisa Stamenkovic, and Gordana Stojanovic. "Volatile constituents of selected Parmeliaceae lichens." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 76, no. 7 (2011): 987–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc101004087s.
Full textAbstract:
The acetone soluble fraction of the methanol extracts of Parmeliaceae lichens: Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri and Parmelia sulcata, growing on the same host tree (Prunus domestica) and at the same locality was analyzed for the first time by GC and GC-MS. The major identified components were olivetol (33.5 % of the H. physodes extract), atraric acid (30.1 % and 30.3 % of the E. prunastri and P. sulcata extracts, respectively), orcinol (25.0 % of the E. prunastri extract), vitamin E (24.7 % of the P. sulcata extract) and olivetonide (15.7 % of the H. physodes extract). Even though all the identified compounds are known, a number of them were found for the first time in the examined lichens, i.e., orcinol monomethylether (H. physodes), orcinol, atranol, lichesterol, ergosterol (H. physodes and P. sulcata), methyl haematomate, atraric acid, olivetol, vitamin E (H. physodes and P. sulcata) and ?-sitosterol (P. sulcata). <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/JSC170614067S">10.2298/JSC170614067S</a><u></b></font>
20
Nur, Syamsu, Muhammad Hanafi, Heri Setiawan, Nursamsiar Nursamsiar, and Berna Elya. "In silico evaluation of the dermal antiaging activity of Molineria latifolia (Dryand. ex W.T. Aiton) Herb. Ex Kurz compounds." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research 11, no. 2 (2023): 325–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56499/jppres23.1606_11.2.325.
Full textAbstract:
Context: Dermal aging is one of the events caused by a decrease in the structure of skin tissues due to various factors. Molineria latifolia is one of the plants empirically used in medicine and can be developed to treat dermal aging problems. Aims: To evaluate M. latifolia compounds as dermal antiaging, particularly in inhibiting the upregulation of collagenase, gelatinase, and hyaluronidase using an in silico. Methods: Ligands are 46 compounds from M. latifolia plant obtained from previous studies and native ligands and target proteins were generated via PubChem and RSCB protein database. In silico analyzes were performed using various parameters, namely drug like-ness, absorption, distribution, toxicity prediction, and molecular docking of compounds to the target proteins 2D1N (MMP-13), 1GKC (MMP-9), and 1FCV (hyaluronidase). Results: Drug-likeness showed that most compounds were suitable according to Lipinski's rule. Analysis of the absorption and distribution of compounds for each parameter gives a different pharmacokinetic profile according to the compound’s physicochemical properties. Quercetin and tricosanoic acid were mutagenic, and the compounds aviprin, azedarachin-C, and ubiquinone were carcinogenic genotoxic, and mutagenic. The results of the docking analysis showed that pomiferin, scandenin, mundulone, and rubratoxin had the most negative binding affinity when interacting with the target proteins 2D1N and 1GKC. Meanwhile, orcinol glucoside, orcinol glucoside B, tetrahydroxyflavanone, and sugiol were predicted to interact with the three (MMP-13, MMP-9, and hyaluronidase) target proteins. Conclusions: Specific compounds of M. latifolia were predicted to be developed as candidates for dermal antiaging, and further studies are required.
21
Elix, JA, CE Barclay, F. David, et al. "Synthesis of Further Lichen Depsides." Australian Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 3 (1993): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9930301.
Full textAbstract:
The unambiguous total synthesis of 18 lichen depsides has been achieved by the condensation of an appropriately substituted orsellinic acid and protected phenol in the key step, followed by subsequent deprotection and/or secondary reduction. The natural occurrence of the first meta-depside involving substitution at the 5-position of the B-ring has been confirmed. The intermediacy of such compounds has previously been invoked to account for the probable biosynthetic interconversion of orcinol para-depsides to depsidones.
22
Zaharaddeen, Abdullahi, Magaji Yakubu, Anthony Vantsawa Philip, Muhammad Sheshe Sadeeq, and Abdullahi Alhaji Jibril. "Anti-Diabetic Potential of Gymnema Sylvestre: In Vitro and in Silico Analysis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio-Medical Science 02, no. 08 (2022): 233–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6961967.
Full textAbstract:
Gymnema sylvestre (GS) is a powerful antidiabetic plant that has been utilized in ayurvedic, folk and homeopathic medicine for centuries. In this research, we evaluated the antidiabetic potential of methanolic leaf extract of Gymnema sylvestre. Fractionation was carried out using column chromatography and a total of twenty-eight (28) sub-fractions were obtained which were further screened and pooled into three (3) fractions (A, B and C) by thin layer chromatography based on their retention factor (Rf) values. The fractions were subjected to in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Some of the compounds identified from LC-MS were subjected to in silico analysis between all the ligands and the receptors with the aid of a docking software. Ligands were imported for visual screening into PyRx software while Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer was used for protein preparation. Analysis of the properties of drug likeliness of the ligands was done via SwissADME online server according to Lipinski’s Rule of Five. Final docking analysis was done through AutoDockVina and Biovia Discovery Studio client 2020. Fraction C showed the best IC50 of 0.84µg/ml α-glucosidase inhibitory activity when compared with fraction A and B, 2.00µg/ml and 1.58µg/ml (α-glucosidase), fraction A produced the best α-amylase activity among the fractions with IC50 of 16.78µg/ml, fraction B with 23.17µg/ml and fraction C with 28.22µg/ml. Molecular docking analysis of the ligands Orcinol (-5.5 kcal/mol) showed strong binding interaction with α-amylase, followed by 3-hydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone and Curcumin (-7.1 kcal/mol and -7.6 kcal/mol respectively) compared to acarbose (-8.0 kcal/mol) and Glyinflanin A (-8.4 kcal/mol) interactions. The binding affinity of Orcinol, 3-hydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone, Curcumin and Glyinflanin A (-5.7 kcal/mol, -8.0 kcal/mol, -7.6 kcal/mol and -9.1 kcal/mol respectively) were lower compared to acarbose (-9.7 kcal/mol) interaction with α-glucosidase. Thus, compounds identified from Gymnema sylvestre were found to have antidiabetic potentials with Orcinol displaying the most effective binding affinity in potential for drug development.
23
Domingos, Levy Tenório Sousa, Raquel dos Santos Martins, Leonardo Melo de Lima, Angela Michelato Ghizelini, Antonio Ferreira-Pereira, and Fernando Cotinguiba. "Secondary Metabolites Diversity of Aspergillus unguis and Their Bioactivities: A Potential Target to Be Explored." Biomolecules 12, no. 12 (2022): 1820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12121820.
Full textAbstract:
Aspergillus unguis belongs to the Aspergillus section Nidulantes. This species is found in soils and organisms from marine environments, such as jellyfishes and sponges. The first chemical study reported in the literature dates from 1970, with depsidones nidulin (1), nornidulin (2), and unguinol (3) being the first isolated compounds. Fifty-two years since this first study, the isolation and characterization of ninety-seven (97) compounds have been reported. These compounds are from different classes, such as depsides, depsidones, phthalides, cyclopeptides, indanones, diarylethers, pyrones, benzoic acid derivatives, orcinol/orsenillate derivatives, and sesterpenoids. In terms of biological activities, the first studies on isolated compounds from A. unguis came only in the 1990s. Considering the tendency for antiparasitic and antibiotics to become ineffective against resistant microorganisms and larvae, A. unguis compounds have also been extensively investigated and some compounds are considered very promising. In addition to these larvicidal and antimicrobial activities, these compounds also show activity against cancer cell lines, animal growth promotion, antimalarial and antioxidant activities. Despite the diversity of these compounds and reported biological activities, A. unguis remains an interesting target for studies on metabolic induction to produce new compounds, the determination of new biological activities, medicinal chemistry, structural modification, biotechnological approaches, and molecular modeling, which have yet to be extensively explored.
24
Elix, John A., Caroline E. Barclay, Judith H. Wardlaw, Alan W. Archer, Sen-hua Yu та Gintaras Kantvilas. "Four New β-Orcinol meta-Depsides from Pertusaria and Siphula Lichens". Australian Journal of Chemistry 52, № 9 (1999): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch99085.
Full textAbstract:
The new depsides decarboxyhypothamnolic acid [3-(2′,4′-dihydroxy-3′,6′-dimethylphenyloxycarbonyl)-2- hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-methylbenzoic acid] (4) and cryptothamnolic acid [3-(3′-formyl-2′-hydroxy-4′-methoxy- 6′-methylbenzoyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dimethylbenzoic acid] (6) have been detected in extracts of a Chinese Pertusaria species together with hypothamnolic acid (3) and their structures implied by means of chromatographic and spectroscopic comparisons with synthetic materials. Two further new depsides, neothamnolic acid [3-(5′,7′- dihydroxy-6′ -methyl-1′ -oxo-1′ ,3′ -dihydroisobenzofuran-4′ -yloxycarbonyl)-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4- methylbenzoic acid] (8) and lactothamnolic acid [3-(6′-formyl-5′,7′-dihydroxy-1′-oxo-1′,3′-dihydroisobenzo- furan-4′-yloxycarbonyl)-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-methylbenzoic acid] (9), have been isolated from the lichen Siphula ramalinoides, and the structure of these compounds followed from a combination of spectroscopic data, derivatization and degradation experiments.
25
Thadhani, Vinitha M., and Veranja Karunaratne. "Potential of Lichen Compounds as Antidiabetic Agents with Antioxidative Properties: A Review." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2079697.
Full textAbstract:
The advancement in the knowledge of potent antioxidants has uncovered the way for greater insight in the treatment of diabetic complications. Lichens are a rich resource of novel bioactive compounds and their antioxidant potential is well documented. Herein we review the antidiabetic potential of lichens which have received considerable attention, in the recent past. We have correlated the antidiabetic and the antioxidant potential of lichen compounds. The study shows a good accordance between antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of lichens and points out the need to look into gathering the scarce and scattered data on biological activities for effective utilization. The review establishes that the lichen extracts, especially ofParmotremasp. andRamalinasp. have shown promising potential in both antidiabetic and antioxidant assays. Ubiquitous compounds, namely, zeorin, methylorsellinate, methyl-β-orcinol carboxylate, methyl haematommate, lecanoric acid, salazinic acid, sekikaic acid, usnic acid, gyrophoric acid, and lobaric acid have shown promising potential in both antidiabetic as well as antioxidant assays highlighting their potential for effective treatment of diabetic mellitus and its associated complications. The available compilation of this data provides the future perspectives and highlight the need for further studies of this potent herbal source to harvest more beneficial therapeutic antidiabetic drugs.
26
Kozubek, A. "Determination of octanol/water partition coefficients for long-chain homologs of orcinol from cereal grains." Acta Biochimica Polonica 42, no. 2 (1995): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1995_4617.
Full textAbstract:
Polycratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) was used for estimation of the octanol/water partition coefficient for three highly hydrophobic long chain orcinol homologs. The homologs studied (C 15:0, C 17:0 and C 19:0) showed high preference for hydrophobic phase as evidenced by their high octanol/water partition coefficient (log Po/w) values of 7.02-7.74; 8.71-9.47 and 10.49-11.32 for the 95% prediction interval, respectively. Experimentally estimated values were compared with log P values calculated with the use of several fragmental systems. The experimental values of log Po/w are in best agreement to those calculated with the use of the Klopman system (Klopman, G., Namboodiri, K. & Schochet, M., 1985, J. Comput. Chem. 6, 28-38). The lack of appropriate standard compounds with known log Po/w in the range over 6 markedly affected the accuracy of experimental determinations.
27
Nguyen, Thi Anh Nguyet, Huynh Thanh Tuyen Nguyen, Van Huan Le, and Thi Van Anh Tran. "Method development for the simultaneous quantification of orcinol glucoside and curculigoside in Curculigo orchioides by UPLC-PDA." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65, no. 9 (2023): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.65(9).28-33.
Full textAbstract:
In Vietnam, the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides have been traditionally used for the treatment of cough, impotence, cold uterus, etc. The phenolic compounds were determined as active constituents of C. orchioides; however, there is no quantitative criterion for these compounds in C. orchioides in the Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a simultaneous quantification method for orcinol glucoside (OG) and curculigoside (CG) by UPLC-PDA system, required for the standardisation of C. orchioides rhizome. The simultaneous quantification of OG and CG was performed on the Acquity UPLC-PDA (Waters) system, InfinityLab Poroshell 120 CS-C18 (3,0×150 mm, 2.7 μm). The method was evaluated according to The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines. The quantitative analysis of OG and CG met all validation requirements, including system suitability, specificity, linearity (R2>0.999), inter-day and intra-day precisions (RSD<2.0%), accuracy with OG and CG recovery rate of 97.08-103.60 and 100.28-111.25, respectively. The contents of OG and CG in 6 samples of Rhizoma curculiginis collected in Son La, Lao Cai, and Dak Nong varied according to the growing region and harvest time with the yield of OG and CG 0.36-1.301 and 0.041-0.123%, respectively.
28
Monde, Kenji, Hikari Satoh, Masao Nakamura, Mamoru Tamura, and Mitsuo Takasugi. "Organochlorine Compounds from a Terrestrial Higher Plant: Structures and Origin of Chlorinated Orcinol Derivatives from Diseased Bulbs ofLiliummaximowiczii†." Journal of Natural Products 61, no. 7 (1998): 913–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np980062r.
Full text
29
Gainsford, G. J. "Antifungal Compounds Isolated from New Zealand Flax: 7-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methylphthalide and 4-Methoxycarbonyl-β-orcinol". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 51, № 4 (1995): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270194009753.
Full text
30
Ravi, Theaveraj, Asiah Nusaibah Masri, and Izni Mariah Ibrahim. "Choline-based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Extractive Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil." E3S Web of Conferences 488 (2024): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448803004.
Full textAbstract:
One of the hardest processes encountered by petroleum refining is sulfur elimination from fuel oil. There are many traditional methods executed but they caused drawbacks such as poor selectivity of sulfur compounds and toxic raw materials. Extractive oxidative desulfurization (EODS) caught the interest of researchers due to high selectivity of sulfur compounds and great desulfurization. Currently, researchers are investigating the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as green extractant, unfortunately they are expensive. This research is proposing and comparing the use of cheap biodegradable solvents called deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as extractants in removing sulfur from fuel oil. The DESs are synthesized through a combination of choline chloride - orcinol and choline chloride - ethylene glycol, and their structure is confirmed through FTIR. Their thermal properties are characterized by DSC and TGA. Their desulfurization performance is evaluated by type of DESs, different ratios of DES and model oil, different ratios of oxidant and sulfone and various temperatures which these factors are found to influence the result. The optimum conditions are found to be at 1:1 for DES and model oil ratio, 4 for O/S ratio and temperature at 85 °C with the extraction efficiency of 99.98%. In conclusion, this DES has high potential to be the cheap green alternative to the conventional extractant for extractive oxidative desulfurization process.
31
Shivani, Thakur, and Kapila Sunita. "Seasonal changes in the storage compounds and enzymatic activities in three Indian leafy liverworts." Biolife 4, no. 4 (2022): 605–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7340725.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Present study is aimed to investigate the effect of seasonal changes on the storage compounds i.e. free amino acids, RNA, proteins, carbohydrates alongwith enzymatic activities in three species of leafy liverworts, namely <em>Chiloscyphus gollani </em>Steph.<em>, Solenostoma crenulata </em>(Sm.) Steph. and <em>Fossombronia himalayensis </em>Kash. Activities of enzymes α-amylase, β-amylase and invertase were found to be reducing towards the end of the growing season i.e. January-March. This is correlated with the accumulation of carbohydrates in the plant body in this season. The content of free amino acids coupled with the highest activity of enzyme protease was found on peak in the rainy season i.e. July-September. The maximum value of proteins was observed in the winter season i.e. October-December and the content of protein is found to be inversely proportional to the content of free amino acids. <strong>Key Words:</strong> Seasonal changes, <em>Chiloscyphus gollani, Solenostoma crenulata</em>,<em> Fossombronia himalayensis</em>, inverse relation. <strong>REFERENCES</strong> Asakawa, Y. 1999. Phytochemistry of bryophytes: biologically active terpenoids and aromatic compounds from liverworts. In: Romeo J. t. (Eds.). Phytochemicals in human health protection, nutrition and plant defence. Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, USA, pp. 319-342. Asakawa, Y. 2004. Chemosystematics of the Hepatiae. Phytochemistry. 65: 623-669. Basha, S. M. M. and Beevers, L. 1975<strong>. </strong>The development of pro­teolytic activity and protein degradation during the germi­nation of <em>Pisum sativum</em>. Planta. 124: 77-87. Bernfeld, P. 1951. Amylases α and β. In: Colowick, S. P. and Kaplan, N. O. (Eds.), Methods in enzymology. Academic Press, pp. 149-158. Davey, M. C. 1999. The elemental and biochemical composi­tion of bryophytes from the maritime Antarctic. Antarctic Science. 11: 157-159. Farewell, A. and Neidhardt, F. C. 1998. Effect of temperature on in vivo protein synthetic capacity in <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Journal of Bacteriology. 180: 4704-4710. Fowler, D. B., Breton, G. N., Limin, A. E., Mahfoozi, S. and Sarhan, F. 2001. Photoperiod and temperature interactions regulate low-temperature-induced gene expression in barley. Plant Physiology<em>. </em>127: 1676-1681. Galiba, G., Vagujfalvi, A., Li, C., Soltesz, A. and Dubcovsky, J. 2009. Regulatory genes involved in the determination of frost tolerance in temperate cereals. Plant Science. 176: 12-19. Gallet-Budynek, A., Brzostek, E., Rodgers, V. L., Talbot, J. M., Hyzy, S. and Finzi, A. C. 2009. Intact amino acid uptake by northern hardwood and conifer trees. Oecologia. 160: 129-138. Hsiao, N. W., Chen Y. and Kuan Y. C. <em>et al.</em>, 2014. Purification and characterization of an aspartic protease from the <em>Rhizopus oryzae</em> protease extract, Peptidase R. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology<em>. </em>17: 89-94. Jones, D. L. and Kielland, K. 2002<strong>. </strong>Soil amino acid turnover dominates the nitrogen flux in permafrost-dominated taiga forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34: 209-219. Kapila, S. and Dhawan, A. 2000. Preliminary biochemical stud­ies on some west Himalayan bryophytes. Punjab University Research Bulletin. 50: 107-113. Kapila, S., Devi, K., Rao, A. and Mahajan, A. 2014. Seasonal variations in carbohydrate, protein, free amino acids and enzyme activities in three species of Marchantiaceae. Lindbergia. 37: 85-89. Karmous, I., Khadija, J., Chaoui, A. and Ferjani, E. E., 2012. Proteolytic activities in <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> cotyledons under copper stress. Physiology and Moecular Biology of Plants. 18(4): 337-343 Kaur, S., Rao, A. and Kumar, S. S. 2010a. Study of some of the contents of some bryophytes-II. Musci. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 5: 80-83. Kaur, S., Rao, A. and Kumar, S. S. 2010b. Study on some of the contents of some bryophytes-1. Anthocerotae and Hepati­cae. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 5: 97-101. Lee, Y. P. and Takahashi, T. 1966. An improved colorimetric de­termination of amino acid with the use of ninhydrin. Analytical Biochemistry. 14: 71-77. Lewis, D. H. 1970<strong>.</strong> Chemotaxonomic aspects on the distribution of acyclic sugar alcohols in leafy liverworts. I. Chemical evidences for the taxonomic position of <em>Plagiochilla carringtonii </em>(Balfour) Grolle. Transactions of the British Bryological Society. 6: 108. Lewis, D. H. 1971. A chemotaxonomic classification of some groups of leafy liverworts. Transactions of the British Bryological Society. 6: 391. Lin, J. S., Lee, S. K., Chen, Y., Lin, W. D. and Kao, C. H. 2011. Purification and characterization of a novel extracellular tripeptidyl peptidase from <em>Rhizopus oligosporus</em>. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 59: 11330-11337 Porika Raju and Estari Mamidala (2015). Anti-diabetic activity of compound isolated from Physalis angulata fruit extracts in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The Ame J Sci & Med Res, 2015,1(1); Pages 1 -6. doi:10.17812/ajsmr2015.11.1. Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Rendall, R. J. 1951. Protein estimation with Folin Phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 193: 265-275. Marschall, M., Proctor, M. C. F. and Smirnoff, P. 1998. Carbohydrate composition and invertase activity of the leafy liverwort <em>Porella platyphylla</em>. New Phytologist. 138: 343-353. Melick, D. R. and Seppelt, R. D. 1994. Seasonal investigations of soluble carbohydrates and pigment levels in Antarctic bryophytes and lichens. Bryologist. 97: 13-19. Mezbaum, W. 1939. Estimation of RNA by orcinol method. Z. Physiol. Chem. 258: 117-119. Muentz, K. 1977. The function of the pod for protein storage in seeds of <em>Vicia faba </em>L. Five isoenzymes of α-amylase dur­ing pod development of field beans. Phytochemistry. 16: 1491-1494. Sumner, J. B. 1935. A more specific reagent for the determina­tion of sugar in urine. Journal of Biological Chemistry<em>. </em>69: 393-395. Thakur, S. and Kapila, S. 2015. Allelopathic effect of some liverworts on seed germination of the weed <em>Bidens pilosa </em>L. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. 32: 77-80. Thakur, S. and Kapila, S. 2016. Comparative biochemical analysis in vegetative thallus and archegoniophores of <em>Marchantia papillata </em>subspecies <em>grossibarba.</em> International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy Biology and Chemistry. 5: 100-104. Yeh, S., Moffatt, B. A. and Griffith, M. <em>et al.</em>, 2000. Chitinase genes responsive to cold encode antifreeze proteins in winter cereals. Plant Physiology, 124: 1251-1264. Yemm, E.W. and Willis, A. J. 1954. The estimation of carbo­hydrates in plant extracts by anthrone. Biochemical Journal. 57: 508-514.
32
Strager, Hanne. "Pod-specific call repertoires and compound calls of killer whales, Orcinus orca Linnaeus, 1758, in the waters of northern Norway." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 6 (1995): 1037–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-124.
Full textAbstract:
Underwater vocalizations of 9 photoidentified pods of killer whales (Orcinus orca) were recorded in northern Norway from 1986 to 1992. In total, 34 call types and 20 subtypes were identified from the recordings. The pods had repertoire sizes ranging from 3 to 16 call types (average 9.0 call types). Pod-specific calls were found in 6 of the 9 pods. All pods had a unique repertoire combination. This study thus supports the hypothesis that vocal traditions are characteristic of killer whales. Some calls were combined, forming a total of 21 different syntactically organized compound calls. The function of this was not known, but it was suggested that adding size and flexibility to a small and rigid vocal repertoire may be advantageous.
33
Wasoh, Helmi, Sarinah Baharun, Murni Halim, Ahmad Firdaus Lajis, Arbakariya Ariff, and Oi-Ming Lai. "Production of rhamnolipids by locally isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa using sunflower oil as carbon source." Bioremediation Science and Technology Research 5, no. 1 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/bstr.v5i1.350.
Full textAbstract:
Biosurfactants are surface active compounds and amphiphatic in nature which consist of hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail accumulating at the interphase of two immiscible liquid with different polarity. A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of sunflower oil in the production of rhamnolipids (RLs) by locally isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa in shake flask fermentation. In this process, four different fermentation treatments were done for seven days at 30°C and 180 rpm. Sampling was carried out in time intervals of 24 h followed by monitoring of cell growth and biosurfactants production. Colorimetric Orcinol analysis was used for determination of RLs concentrations (g/L). The RLs were studied for emulsification activity using emulsification index (E24%) methods. In addition, oil displacement activity and thermal stability were also studied (4-120°C). All treatments allow the growth of P. aeruginosa and the utilization of sunflower oil as carbon source and glucose as growth initiator were observed to be the best strategy for maximum RLs production. The maximum RLs production was achieved after 120 h with 3.18 g/L of RLs. Diesel shows the highest emulsification activity among the substrate tested ranging from 55.56% - 60.00%. The oil displacement activity was corresponding to RLs concentration with stability up to 120°C (for 60 min). Therefore, from this research a good potential of RLs that may provide good application for industry were produced.
34
Ryczkowski, Marian, and Tadeusz Bochnia. "Changes in concentration of protein and nucleic acids in the endosperm during ovule development in Clivia miniata." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 65, no. 1-2 (2014): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1996.024.
Full textAbstract:
Changes of protein and nucleic acid concentrations in micropylar and chalazal parts of the endosperm during exponential and stationary phases of embryo growth (<em>Clivia miniata</em> Regel) were examined. The following facts were established: 1. evident two-phase synthesis of protein, DNA and RNA in the endosperm, 2. existence of chalaza-micropyle concentration gradients of analyzed compounds, 3. elongation of the embryo proceedes from the micropylar to the chalazal end of the ovule, i. e. in the direction oposite to that of the chalaza - micropyle protein, DNA and RNA concentration gradients, 4. decrease of concentrations of protein, DNA and RNA in the endosperm after the first maximum of these compounds. Protein concentration was determined spectrophotometricaly using the method of Lowry, RNA concentration was deter-mined with the orcin method, and concentration of DNA with the diphenylamine method.
35
Guinet, Christophe, and Jérome Bouvier. "Development of intentional stranding hunting techniques in killer whale (Orcinus orca) calves at Crozet Archipelago." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 1 (1995): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-004.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes the trend in the practice of what we interpret to be the "intentional stranding" hunting technique of two juvenile female killer whales (Orcinus orca), A4 and A5, belonging to pod A on the beaches of Possession Island, Crozet Archipelago. Pod A was composed of three adult females, A2, A3, A6, and one adult male, A1. A2 is A4's mother and A3 is A5's mother. The year of birth and thus the probable age of the two juveniles were estimated from their growth curve determined by means of a photogrammetric technique. These observations indicate that at Crozet Archipelago, juvenile killer whales first practiced intentional stranding on their own when they were 4–5 years old. Their first attempt to capture elephant seal pups by means of this technique was observed when they were 5–6 years old. However, 5- to 6-year-old juveniles still needed the assistance of an adult female to return to the water with their prey. This study indicates that learning hunting techniques needs a high degree of skill and requires high parental investment to reduce the associated risk. Furthermore, social transfer, through apprenticeship, is probably one of the mechanisms that enables the high degree of adaptability observed in killer whales.
36
Matthews, Cory J. D., Jack W. Lawson та Steven H. Ferguson. "Amino acid δ15N differences consistent with killer whale ecotypes in the Arctic and Northwest Atlantic". PLOS ONE 16, № 4 (2021): e0249641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249641.
Full textAbstract:
Ecotypes are groups within a species with different ecological adaptations than their conspecifics. Eastern North Pacific (ENP) killer whale (Orcinus orca) ecotypes differ in their diet, behavior, and morphology, but the same is not known for this species in the eastern Canadian Arctic (ECA) and Northwest Atlantic (NWA). Using compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) of amino acids (AAs), we compared δ15N patterns of the primary trophic and source AA pair, glutamic acid/glutamine (Glx) and phenylalanine (Phe), in dentine collagen of (1) sympatric ENP killer whale ecotypes with well-characterized diet differences and (2) ECA/NWA killer whales with unknown diets. δ15NGlx-Phe was significantly higher in the ENP fish-eating (FE) than mammal-eating (ME) ecotype (19.2 ± 0.4‰ vs. 13.5 ± 0.7‰, respectively). Similar bimodal variation in δ15NGlx-Phe indicated analogous dietary divisions among ECA/NWA killer whales, with two killer whales having higher δ15NGlx-Phe (16.5 ± 0.0‰) than the others (13.5 ± 0.6‰). Inferences of dietary divisions between these killer whales were supported by parallel differences in threonine δ15N (–33.5 ± 1.6‰ and –40.4 ± 1.1‰, respectively), given the negative correlation between δ15NThr and TP across a range of marine consumers. CSIA-AA results for ECA/NWA whales, coupled with differences in tooth wear (a correlate for diet), are consistent with ecotype characteristics reported in ENP and other killer whale populations, thus adding to documented ecological divergence in this species worldwide.
37
Finogenova, M. O., M. B. Galkin, A. S. Semenets, et al. "BIOSURFACTANTS SYNTHESIS BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE SURFACE OF MUSSELS OF THE BLACK SEA." Microbiology&Biotechnology, no. 3(53) (December 19, 2021): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2021.3(53).245317.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. Establishing of the ability to synthesize surface-active compounds by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria isolated from the surface of Black Sea mussels. Methods. During the research several marine Pseudomonas spp strains isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated areas of Black Sea wereused: P. aeruginosa M1, P. aeruginosa M4 and P. aeruginosa PA01 as reference strain in suspension and biofilm cultures (LB and Giss media). Cultivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was performed at 37 °C for 120 and 168 hours. Planktonic culture growth was determined spectrophotometrically on the wave length 600 nm. Biofilm mass was determined spectrophotometrically on the wave length 592 nm by CV-test. The presence of surface-active compounds was determined in a drop test. The quantitative content of rhamnolipids was evaluated by the color reaction of rhamnose with orcin. Results. P. aeruginosa strains M1 and M4 isolated from Black Sea mussel’s surfaces synthesize 25% and 66% more surfactants than the reference strain PA01. All strains in Giss medium synthesized 10–20 times less rhamnolipids than in LB medium. In biofilm cultures the same biosurfactant synthesis dependence on the composition of the nutrient medium is observed as in suspension cultures. According to the intensity of rhamnolipid production in biofilm cultures, the studied strains can be arranged in the following row: P. aeruginosa M4 > P. aeruginosa M1 >> P. aeruginosa PA01.Conclusions. The strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the Black Sea are more efficient producers of rhamnolipids than the reference strain of P. aeruginosa PA01; the intensity of biosynthesis of surfactants significantly depends on the composition of the nutrient medium and the method of cultivation.
38
YANIK, Betül, and Filiz BAKAR ATEŞ. "The Effects of Orcinol on Proliferation and Apoptosis of SW480 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells." Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi, January 23, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1228071.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Colorectal cancer is a rapidly increasing disease worldwide, and almost half of the diagnosed patients die from this disease each year. The methods used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, including traditional treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy and current chemotherapy options, have low effectiveness and have many side effects. Because of all these problems, the importance of developing new agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer is increasing. Orsinol is a secondary metabolite isolated from lichens, and there are findings regarding the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidepressant activity of the compound. In recent years, research on the anticancer activity of the compound has also started to take place in the literature. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the efficacy of orcinol on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human SW480 colorectal cancer cells.
 Material and Method: Within the scope of the study, SW480 human colorectal cancer cells were used and cultured in DMEM medium. Orcinol was dissolved with dimethylsulfoxide to prepare a stock solution and applied to the cells in a concentration range of 1-25 mM. The effect of orcinol on cell viability was determined by MTT test. The apoptotic activity of the compound was evaluated with Annexin V binding assay using the Muse Cell Analyzer.
 Result and Discussion: The results of MTT analysis showed that orcinol significantly decreased cell viability at 5 mM and above (p
39
"Photoprotective Activity of Lichen Extracts and Isolated Compounds in Parmotrema Tinctorum." Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry 11, no. 5 (2021): 12653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/briac115.1265312661.
Full textAbstract:
Lichens are an excellent source for the discovery and development of new photoprotective compounds. However, investigation on their bioactivities remains limited, especially in Vietnam. In this study, six lichen extracts (Parmotrema poolii, P. sancti-angelii, P. tinctorum, Usnea baileyi, U. pulvinulata, U. undulata) and five isolated compounds from commonly distributed species P. tinctorum (methyl β-orcinol carboxylate (1), atranorin (2), lecanorol (3), salazinic acid (4), 1β-acetoxyhopan-3β,22-diol (5)) have been screened in vitro for their photoprotective activity. The photoprotective potential was investigated by determination of their absolute (UV-PF, c, UVA-PF) and relative indexes (SUI, ISP). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that P. poolii, P. sancti-angelii, P. tinctorum, U. baileyi, U. undulata, and compounds of methyl β-orcinol carboxylate (1) and salazinic acid (4) acted as strict UVB filters, and their photoprotective activities are comparable to that of the commercial UVB filter (4-methylbenzylidene camphor). Meanwhile, U. pulvinulata acted as a UVA booster. Compound (3) presented characteristics of a UVA filter, (2) protected well from both UVA and UVB while (5) exhibited a weak photoprotective activity. For the first time, this work successfully extracted several highly potential solar photoprotective compounds from Vietnam's lichens.
40
Dimitrijević, Ivana, Violeta Mitić, Vesna Stankov Jovanović, Miroslava Stanković, Ivana Zlatanović, and Gordana Stojanović. "Cladonia rangiformis Acetone Extract— New Insight into the Chemical Composition and Biological Activity." Natural Product Communications 18, no. 11 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x231212159.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Cladonia rangiformis, also known as reindeer lichen, has been used for various remedies in folk medicine. The rich nutritional value of this lichen is reflected in the fact that it contains atranorin, which has been proven to have numerous biological activities. Objective The chemical composition, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antigenotoxic activities of the C. rangiformis acetone extract were investigated. The novelty of this work is that anticholinesterase activity, protective effect on human lymphocytes, and antioxidant activity by the cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method of C. rangiformis extract were determined for the first time, as well as gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profile. Methods Chemical composition was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detector and GC-MS. Antigenotoxic effect was evaluated in human lymphocytes by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Total phenolic content, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacities, CUPRAC, and total reducing power were determined spectrophotometrically. Determination of acetylcholinesterase activity was performed by Ellman's colorimetry assay. The statistical analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) was performed using Origin software package version 7.0. Results HPLC method was used to identified 3 compounds with atranorin as predominant constituent (97.2%). Fumarprotocetraric and atraric acid were represented in a much smaller mutually approximate amount, 0.3 and 0.5%, respectively. Rangiformic acid was the most abundant volatile compound. Acetone extract of C. rangiformis (2 μg/mL) decreased the frequency of micronuclei by 15.5% while the radioprotectant amifostine reduced the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei by 11.4%. On the contrary, at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL the extract exhibited an activating effect on cholinesterase (2.0%), while at a concentration of 10.0 mg/mL it showed a weak inhibitory effect (7.3%). The total phenol content was 132.71 μg gallic acid equivalents per mg of dry extract. The IC50 value for the DPPH experiment was 16.19 mg/mL and for ABTS was 11.80 mg/mL. Cupric reducing capacity and total reducing power were 17.81 μg Trolox equivalents per mg of dry extract and 0.45 μg ascorbic acid equivalents per mg of dry extract, respectively. Conclusion In addition to previously identified compounds in the acetone extract, atraric acid was identified for the first time by using HPLC method, and orcinol, β-orcinol, lauric alcohol, atranol, and rangiformic acid by using GC-MS method. The results of biological activity proved that acetone extract had antioxidant capacity and weak anticholinesterase activity. Reduction of the number of micronuclei in human lymphocytes, classified C. rangiformis as promising substances source with beneficial effects on DNA damage.
41
Krishna, Boddu Rama, Narayana Rao Gundoju, Tiruveedhula Somasekhar, Waill Elkhateeb, and Ghoson Daba. "Biologically active orcinol-based secondary metabolites originated from lichens." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica, March 10, 2022, e1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1075.
Full textAbstract:
Lichens have attracted considerable interest since ancient time due to their medicinal properties. Lichen produce a variety of orcinol-based compounds such as xanthones, anthraquinones, dibenzofurans, depsides, and depsidones. Several related compounds have shown potent bioactivities as antiviral, antioxidant, anti-herbivore, insecticidal, antifungal, and anticancer. Lichens have been employed as traditional medicines, and these are continuing to be of great interest for their biotechnological potential. The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the literature on the orcinol based biologically active secondary metabolites of lichen.
42
Liu, Xia, Mingchun Huang, Lijuan Wang, Jie Li, Weihui Wu, and Qin Wang. "Network pharmacology and experimental validation methods to reveal the active compounds and hub targets of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn in rheumatoid arthritis." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 18, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-04352-w.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that can lead to joint destruction and deformity. Curculigo orchioides Gaertn (CO) was previously revealed to play a significant role in RA treatment. However, the main active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of CO in regulating RA are still unclear. Methods The active ingredients of CO were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and published literature. The targets corresponding to these compounds and the targets linked to RA were collected from public databases. The “ingredient-target” and “protein–protein interaction” networks were constructed to screen the main active ingredients and hub targets of CO in the treatment of RA. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment assays were used to elucidate the potential pharmacological mechanism of CO in RA. Molecular docking was performed to detect the binding between the main active ingredients and hub targets. Collagen-induced arthritis rats were used to validate the hub targets of CO against RA. Results Network pharmacological topology analysis showed that caffeine, 2,4-dichloro-5-methoxy-3-methylphenol, curculigoside, orcinol glucoside, and orcin were the main active ingredients of CO, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C were the hub targets of CO for RA treatment. Molecular docking revealed that curculigoside and orcinol glucoside had effective binding potential with MMP9, JUN, and PTGS2, respectively. In vivo experiments demonstrated that CO alleviated RA symptoms and inhibited the expression of MMP9, JUN, and PTGS2 proteins. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the main active ingredients and potential targets of CO against RA, laying an experimental foundation for the development and application of CO as an anti-RA drug.
43
Yang, Huanyu, Ivan Gladich, Anthony Boucly, Luca Artiglia, and Markus Ammann. "Orcinol and Resorcinol Induce Local Ordering of Water Molecules near the Liquid-Vapor Interface." Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ea00015f.
Full text
44
Abdullahi, Zaharaddeen. "Anti-Diabetic Potential of Gymnema Sylvestre: In Vitro and in Silico Analysis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio-Medical Science 02, no. 08 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijpbms/v2-i8-02.
Full textAbstract:
Gymnema sylvestre (GS) is a powerful antidiabetic plant that has been utilized in ayurvedic, folk and homeopathic medicine for centuries. In this research, we evaluated the antidiabetic potential of methanolic leaf extract of Gymnema sylvestre. Fractionation was carried out using column chromatography and a total of twenty-eight (28) sub-fractions were obtained which were further screened and pooled into three (3) fractions (A, B and C) by thin layer chromatography based on their retention factor (Rf) values. The fractions were subjected to in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Some of the compounds identified from LC-MS were subjected to in silico analysis between all the ligands and the receptors with the aid of a docking software. Ligands were imported for visual screening into PyRx software while Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer was used for protein preparation. Analysis of the properties of drug likeliness of the ligands was done via SwissADME online server according to Lipinski’s Rule of Five. Final docking analysis was done through AutoDockVina and Biovia Discovery Studio client 2020. Fraction C showed the best IC50 of 0.84µg/ml α-glucosidase inhibitory activity when compared with fraction A and B, 2.00µg/ml and 1.58µg/ml (α-glucosidase), fraction A produced the best α-amylase activity among the fractions with IC50 of 16.78µg/ml, fraction B with 23.17µg/ml and fraction C with 28.22µg/ml. Molecular docking analysis of the ligands Orcinol (-5.5 kcal/mol) showed strong binding interaction with α-amylase, followed by 3-hydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone and Curcumin (-7.1 kcal/mol and -7.6 kcal/mol respectively) compared to acarbose (-8.0 kcal/mol) and Glyinflanin A (-8.4 kcal/mol) interactions. The binding affinity of Orcinol, 3-hydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone, Curcumin and Glyinflanin A (-5.7 kcal/mol, -8.0 kcal/mol, -7.6 kcal/mol and -9.1 kcal/mol respectively) were lower compared to acarbose (-9.7 kcal/mol) interaction with α-glucosidase. Thus, compounds identified from Gymnema sylvestre were found to have antidiabetic potentials with Orcinol displaying the most effective binding affinity in potential for drug development.
45
Nguyen, Thi Ngoc Van, Mong Anh Nguyet Nguyen, Thai Bao Tran, et al. "Phenolic compounds from the lichen Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale." Science and Technology Development Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v24i4.3781.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Lichens are fungal and algal or cyanobacterial symbioses resulting in the production of specific metabolites with a great variety of effects such as antimycobacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antipyretic and antiproliferative. Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale, a species of foliose lichen, was collected at Champasack Province, Laos in April 2015. This paper describes the isolation and structure elucidation of nine compounds isolated from this lichen. Methods: Phytochemical investigations of the chloroform extract of the lichen P. cristiferum led to the isolation of nine pure compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis, and comparison with previously published data. Results: From the studied lichen, nine compounds, orcinol (1), orsellinic acid (2), atranol (3), methyl beta - orsellinate (4), atranorin (5), diffractaic acid (6), lecanoric acid (7), bailesidone (8), and tinctorinone (9) were isolated, structurally elucidated and evaluated for their a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Conclusions: Among isolated compounds, except 2, 4, and 7, the remaining six compounds were known for the first time from the lichen P. cristiferum. All these compounds were inactive in the a-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory assay.
46
Ahmad, Nadim, Manfred Ritz, Anjuli Calchera, et al. "Biosynthetic gene cluster synteny: Orthologous polyketide synthases in Hypogymnia physodes, Hypogymnia tubulosa, and Parmelia sulcata." MicrobiologyOpen 12, no. 5 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1386.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractLichens are symbiotic associations consisting of a photobiont (algae or cyanobacteria) and a mycobiont (fungus), which together generate a variety of unique secondary metabolites. To access this biosynthetic potential for biotechnological applications, deeper insights into the biosynthetic pathways and corresponding gene clusters are necessary. Here, we provide a comparative view of the biosynthetic gene clusters of three lichen mycobionts derived from Hypogymnia physodes, Hypogymnia tubulosa, and Parmelia sulcata. In addition, we present a high‐quality PacBio metagenome of Parmelia sulcata, from which we extracted the mycobiont bin containing 214 biosynthetic gene clusters. Most biosynthetic gene clusters in these genomes were associated with T1PKSs, followed by NRPSs and terpenes. This study focused on biosynthetic gene clusters related to polyketide synthesis. Based on ketosynthase homology, we identified nine highly syntenic clusters present in all three species. Among the four clusters belonging to nonreducing PKSs, two are putatively linked to lichen substances derived from orsellinic acid (orcinol depsides and depsidones, e.g., lecanoric acid, physodic acid, lobaric acid), one to compounds derived from methylated forms of orsellinic acid (beta orcinol depsides, e.g., atranorin), and one to melanins. Five clusters with orthologs in all three species are linked to reducing PKSs. Our study contributes to sorting and dereplicating the vast PKS diversity found in lichenized fungi. High‐quality sequences of biosynthetic gene clusters of these three common species provide a foundation for further exploration into biotechnological applications and the molecular evolution of lichen substances.
47
Ndochinwa, Giles Obinna, Qing-Yan Wang, Nkwachukwu Oziamara Okoro, et al. "New advances in protein engineering for industrial applications: Key takeaways." Open Life Sciences 19, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0856.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Recent advancements in protein/enzyme engineering have enabled the production of a diverse array of high-value compounds in microbial systems with the potential for industrial applications. The goal of this review is to articulate some of the most recent protein engineering advances in bacteria, yeast, and other microbial systems to produce valuable substances. These high-value substances include α-farnesene, vitamin B12, fumaric acid, linalool, glucaric acid, carminic acid, mycosporine-like amino acids, patchoulol, orcinol glucoside, d-lactic acid, keratinase, α-glucanotransferases, β-glucosidase, seleno-methylselenocysteine, fatty acids, high-efficiency β-glucosidase enzymes, cellulase, β-carotene, physcion, and glucoamylase. Additionally, recent advances in enzyme engineering for enhancing thermostability will be discussed. These findings have the potential to revolutionize various industries, including biotechnology, food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels.
48
Tatipamula, Vinay Bharadwaj, Girija Sastry Vedula, and A. V. S. Sastry. "Chemical and pharmacological evaluation of manglicolous lichen Roccella montagnei Bel em. D. D. Awasthi." Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43094-019-0009-6.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Lichen is a composite organism composed of fungus in association with algae or cyanobacteria. Particularly, lichen betide to mangroves are named as manglicolous lichens. From the folklore, lichen extracts were used in the management of many infections and diseases. Results The chemical investigation of acetone extract of manglicolous lichen Roccella montagnei (RM-Ac) yielded nine known metabolites namely divarinolmonomethylether (1), ethyl divaricatinate (2), divarinol (3), orcinol (4), methyl 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoate (5), haematommic acid (6), atranol (7), ethyl haematommate (8) and ethyl orsellinate (9). Except 4, all are for the first reported from this species. The RM-Ac and its metabolites (1–9) were screened for antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS and superoxide free radical assays), anti-inflammatory, anticancer (SRB assay using A549, DLD-1, FADU, HeLa and MCF-7) and acute toxicity studies. The pharmacological results showed that compounds 6 and 8 depicted potent inhibitory profile against ABTS free radical (with IC50 value of 40.0 and 40.5 μg/mL, respectively) and protein denaturation (with IC50 value of 435 and 403 μg/mL, respectively). LD50 of RM-Ac was found to be above 2 g/Kg body weight. Moreover, the RM-Ac showed prominent inhibition of formalin-hind albino rat paw oedema at both the tested doses, i.e., 100 and 200 mg/Kg b.w than that of the standard drug (indomethacin). Furthermore, the compounds 6 and 8 exhibited significant degree of specificity against HeLa, FADU and A549; besides, they showed very little degree of specificity against NHME cell line specifying less toxicity to normal cells. Conclusion It can be concluded that the manglicolous lichen R. montagnei has an aptitude to act against free radicals, inflammation and cancer, and the main metabolites responsible for its biological activity are 6 and 8.
49
Kosanić, Marijana, Branislav Ranković, Tatjana Stanojković, et al. "Phytochemical composition, biological activity and anti-inflammatory potential of acetone extract from the lichen Platismatia glauca (L.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb." Natural Product Research, December 15, 2023, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2023.2294479.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This investigation examined the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the acetone extract of the lichen <em>Platismatia glauca</em> (L.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. (PGAE). The phytochemical study of PGAE showed presence of seven compounds: salazinic acid, β-orcinol carboxylic acid, 3-hydroxyphysodalic acid, physodalic acid, physodic acid, atranorin, and chloroatranorin. The antimicrobial potential was determined by microdilution which showed that <em>S. aureus</em> was most sensitive to the effect of PGAE with MIC value 0.312 mg/ml. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using DPPH method. The obtained IC<sub>50</sub> value for PGAE was 194.30 ± 3.32 µg/ml. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was evaluated by MTT test and the strongest activity was towards human epithelial carcinoma cells with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 59.10 ± 0.46 µg/ml. The findings revealed that the application of lichen extracts decreased the paw edoema in a dose-dependent manner at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h following carrageenan administration.
50
Ibraheam, Israa Adnan, Imad Hadi Hameed S., and Haider Mashkoor Hussein. "Cyclamen persicum: Methanolic Extract Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Technique." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance 8, no. 04 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.v8i04.10546.
Full textAbstract:
Cyclamen was traditionally classified in the family Primulaceae, was reclassified in the subfamily Myrsinoideae within the family Primulaceae. The objective of this study was analysis of the secondary metabolite products. Bioactives are chemical compounds often referred to as secondary metabolites. Thirty eight bioactive compounds were identified in the methanolic extract of Cyclamen persicum. The identification of bioactive chemical compounds is based on the peak area, retention time molecular weight and molecular formula. GC-MS analysis of Cyclamen persicum revealed the existence of the3-Oxo-androsta-1,4-dien-17β-spiro-2'-3'-oxo-oxetane, 3,5-Dithiahexanol 5,5-dioxide, 1-(2-Nitrophenyl)piperazine, Oxime-,methoxy-phenyl- , Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-,(S)-, D-Limonene , Fumaric acid,3-methylbut-3-enyl undecyl ester, Geranyl vinyl ether, 3,6,9,12-Tetraoxatetradecan -1-ol,14-[4-(1-,1,3,3-tetramethylbu, Cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid, α-Terpineol, 3-Allyl-6-methoxyphenol, 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol,α,α,4-trimethyl-,acetate, Orcinol, 4,5-di-epi-aristolochene, Trans-calamenene, 3-(N,N-Dimethyllaurylammonio)propanesulfonate, Deoxyqinghaosu, Atranorin , N-[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)isothiazol-5-yl)-1-methylpiperidin-2-imine, 10-Heptadecen-8-ynoic acid , methyl ester, (E)-, 2-Pentadecanone,6,10,14-trimethyl-, Caffeine, 4,4,8-Trimethyltricyclo[6.3.1.0(1.5)]dodecane-2,9-diol , Bufa-20,22-dienolide, 3,14-dihydroxy-,(3β,5β)-, 1-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-3,6-diazahomoadamantan-9-ol , 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester, 9-Octadecenamide,(Z)-, 9,10-Secocholesta -5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol,(3β,5Z,7E)-, Tributyl acetylcitrate, Cyproheptadine, 3,9-Epoxypregn-16-en-20-one , 3-methoxy-7,11,18-triacetoxy- , 17-Pentatriacontene, Phthalic acid , bis(7-methyloctyl) ester, Phthalic acid, di(6-ethyl-3-octyl) ester, Ergosterol, γ-Sitosterol and Friedelan-3-one.