Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ordres monastiques et religieux – Réorganisation'
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Sinicropi, Gilles. ""D'oraison et d'action"." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF20001.
Full textTesta, Bappenheim Stefano. "La responsabilità civile e gli Istituti religiosi,in Francia, Germania ed Italia." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA111001.
Full textGallot, Christian. "Le monachisme provençal aux 5ème et 6ème siècles." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100180.
Full textMonasticism in Provence in the 5th and 6th centuries is above all known for its opposition, qualified wrongly as semi-Pelagianism, to the Augustinian doctrine of grace. In fact, Cassian, Honoratus, Hilarion, Vincent, Faustus, Cesarion and others are much more interesting for their reforming action and influence within the Church and within Gallo-Roman society of the period than they are for their anti-Augustinianism. This reformation – or “normalization” – was notably: disciplinary, by its imposition of a rule inspired by Eastern monasticism but adapted to communities in Provence; ideological, in contributing to the definition of an orthodox faith and to the solution of the problem of grace; moral, by its desire to transmit without concession the monastic ideal to the laity; and political, by its taking of power both in the Church, by accession to the episcopate, and in society, by taking the place of deficient social structures. Monasticism in Provence thus allowed the Church to become a veritable force in all those areas where the Roman Empire of the period had ceded its position to barbarian kingdoms. “The world turns, the cross remains. ” When one takes into account the result obtained by this normalizing action of monasticism in Provence, its legacy becomes heavy with significance and a rigorous examination is called for, one which ought to go beyond the simple matter of a theological controversy
Sidiropoulos, Georges. "Analyse géo-sociale des skites au mont Athos." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040130.
Full textDonadieu-Rigaut, Dominique. "Corps-famille-réseau, trois paradigmes pour penser en images les ordres religieux." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0101.
Full textTran, Thi Hong Tuy. "La Congrégation des Amantes de la Croix : l'exercice de l'autorité." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20010.
Full textThe congregation of the Lovers of the Holy Cross was founded in 1670 by Mgr. Pierre Lambert de la Motte. It is the first female religious congregation to be distinguished by its Eastern characteristics, both contemplative and apostolic, and created in Vietnam. During 335 years of existence, the Lovers of the Cross community, went through various trials and tribulations : persecutions, disasters, wars and changes of political regimes in particular. There are currently 24 congregations of the Lovers of the Cross nuns of Vietnamese origin of which one is in the United States. Three of them are in Thailand and two others in Laos. One can wonder how the Lovers of the Holy Cross can manage to abide simultaneously by the Canon Law provisions derived from the latin Church and to preserve and the typical features characterizing their Asian culture. Eager to combine her studies of canonical right with a thorough investigation of the legislative texts of her Congregation, the author, a Sister of the Lovers of the Cross, commits herself to this research work so that she can better understand the type of Religious Institute her Congregation belongs to and the most appropriate type of its executive authority. From this point of view, this work is divided into three parts : initialy the first part will present the exercice of authority or executive authority according to Vietnamese tradition. Then the second part will be devoted to a study on the government of the religious Institutes according to the provisions of the Canon Laws. And eventually the third part will approach the exercise of the authority within the Congregation of the Lovers of the Holy Cross. The wish is expressed that in the future, within the Universal Church, all the congregations of the Lovers of the Holy Cross can be reorganized in form of governmental structure recognized by the Church
Andrieux, Jean-Paul. "La communauté de Saint-Philibert de 677 à l'an Mil : Contribution à l'étude des origines de la personne juridique." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020137.
Full textThe canonists of the middle ages have drawn from the roman law the elements which allowed to come to the conception of persona ficta the of persona representata. This thesis invites to wonder if the theory is not fed between those centers - roman law scholarly law - of a more recent past than the antiquity : the early middle ages which presents an experience not much studied until now. We have chosen the experience of the saint philibert community, from the beginning (677) to the year one thousand (989) in order to set some milestones in the history of the origins of the notion of legal entity. Vicissitudes of this congregation, connected with its peregrinations, strengthen the cohesion whose legal traduction is demonstrated through the diplomas, the bulls and private deeds which are addressed to it. This cohesion is originally built and stabilized thanks to the founder, through his relics and his rules. The second step consists in the constitution of the land patrimony, for the legal status of the monasteries is a matter for the study of ecclesiastical estate. The notion of assigning properties to a pious use which warrants the unity of the patrimony strengthens the legal mechanism of the monastic foundation
Truchet, Bernadette. "Les congrégations dans la ville : leur patrimoine foncier et leurs fonctions à Lyon (1789-1901)." Lyon 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO31013.
Full textThe religious assemblies that owned a significant part of the landed patrimony of the city in 1789, mostly tenements, fund themselves dispossessed as a result of the sale of the "national estates". But as soon as the end of the revolution and the start of the empire, then started developing agin on new bases, and in less than a century they could take over more and more free spase in lyon, owing to their greet dynamism. This "useful" patrimony was no longer destined to speculation but met the needs of the congregations' charitable activities. It was found in the districts where it was most needed and where it fulfilled specific aims, thus creating a truly original monastic geography. Because they lacked the necessary resources, the religious assemblies had to rely on the generosity of many benefactors to acquire most of their matrimony. Even though these congregations were in general not thought of badly by the population, even though their energy was indeed a success, their role was bound to be resented in the long run by a society which was becoming more and more secular, especielly because it was clear that the congregations aimed at restoring a society based on christian values
Poujeau, Anna. "Églises, monachisme et sainteté : construction de la communauté chrétienne en Syrie." Paris 10, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653119.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the social, political and symbolic inscription of the Christian minority in the Syrian national territory, more specifically, on the monastic revival which has been taking place in this country over the last three decades. It is indeed a revival, in spite of its late manifestation, as this contemporary process, including its local representations, falls within the scope of a history which goes back to the origins of Christianity. Which are then the motives of this phenomenon? How and why monasticism reappears in Syria today? How must this “return of the monks”, who had been considered as saints during the first centuries of Christianity, be interpreted? What kind of relation may be established between monasticism and holiness? This thesis attempts to answer these broad questions which place it, at the same time, in the field of the anthropology of Christianity and that of the study of monasticism. They refer to the contemporary modalities of construction of the Christian community of Syria, where its three dimensions, the Churches, monasticism and holiness are closely related and seem to structure its universe. Considering the relations this community maintains with its Churches and the question of holiness, Christian monasticism in Syria, the main pillar of its construction, is analysed in this study in all its scope, that is through its historical, symbolic, religious, social, economic and political dimensions
Poutrin, Isabelle. "Les contemplatives et les pouvoirs religieux : autobiographies de mystiques, sources inquisitoriales et hagiographiques, Espagne, XVIe-XVIIIe siècles." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100085.
Full textSince the mid-16th to the mid-18th century, more than a hundred contemplative women have written about their life or their spiritual experiences, by order of a confessor or a religious superior. This order had a double aim: to distinguish genuine mystical phenomena from "illusions", to promote the fame of saintliness of their penitent. So did the texts play a decisive part in the formation of fame of saintliness and in inquisitorial proceedings ? The first part of the study characterizes the historical, social and cultural context which directed this autobiographical production. Then the process of writing and diffusion of the texts is recounted. The influence of the religious authorities in the formation or denying of women's fame of saintliness is examined from several cases. Lastly, the study follows the itineraries of the texts after their authors ‘death: some of them are inserted in cases of canonization or in hagiographical works, at the expense of manipulations that the comparison with the original manuscripts puts in evidence. Biographical notes about the 113 contemplatives concerned by the study and an anthology of autobiographical texts are appended to the work
Lardy, Caroline. "Travail et vie monastique : enquête filmique dans un Carmel de France." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100131.
Full textThe video camera, as a main tool of research, enabled to study carmelites daily life into a French Carmel. Aspects such as communal or solitary, materials or rituals, revealed the main features unique to the monacal life organisation. The prescriptions coming from the Rule and the Constitutions have a main influence on carmelites, visible into mental and behavioural habitus. The filmic description of actions and their detailed analysis has shown that the changeover between the religious to the non religious, the solitary to the communal is being accomplished as a fluid and harmonious continuity. All the practical conditions aim, in the daily monk's life, to an encounter with God. The seven films give an insight into essential elements of the monastic life as well as discreet evidences of the carmelitan spirituality
Ligné, André. "Naissance et évolution d'une congrégation religieuse : les soeurs Marianites de Sainte-Croix du Mans." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA3005.pdf.
Full textThis research work began with the observation that the history of the congregation of the Marianite Sisters of Holy Cross had been undertaken, till now, only by a few members of the clergy. Applied to give all its importance to the founder's thought and to evoke the spiritual life of the community, these authors had considered the problems of its material life as minor and then had treated them only in short evocations. Therefore, a scope of researches was widely opened to the one who chose to place the human problems in the centre of his work. However, the first soundings taken in the private archives of the congregation made at once appear that numerous relational conflicts and material troubles staked out the history of the Marianite sisters. Understanding these strains and showing their incidence upon the evolution of the congregation gave a subject of research parting radically from the previous studies. The question supposed getting out of the enclosure and introducing the numerous human, materiel and clerical influences coming from the outside of the convent, that the nuns had to support. After the works of the members of the clergy describing a congregation in search of its moral and spiritual unity, this study tries to describe it facing the reality of the outer world and to see how far contemplation and piety fit with the hazards of the everyday life
Malevez, Marc. "Introduction à la démarche spirituelle des moines errants de l'Egypte copte (250-451) : une étude fondée sur la "Mission de Paphnuce" et les principales sources littéraires du monachisme errant de l'époque concernée." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE5023.
Full textHaving given the definition of the words "monks" and "wanderer", the thesis try to demonstrante tat the spiritual step as it is presented by Evagrius Ponticus corresponding to the reality that was in the spirit of the wanderer monks in Coptic Egypt and not a philosophical construction, based mainly on his experience outside Egypt. We will reconstitute and put in order the essential anachoristic monastic step, since the renouncement of marriage and fatherhood until the final getting of the Charism of the Perfect and a saint on earth, as it appears from the main literay sources of that era. The thesis is also based on three Coptic manuscripts, three Arabic Manuscripts and five EthiopianManuscripts og the "Mission of Paphnutius", a travel story written at the end of the fourth century. The thesis demonstrates also the characteristic idiorrythmic and without doubt essentially reasonable of the step of the monks
Giralt, Marie-Carmen. "Création au quotidien d'une réalité monacale féminine." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0016.
Full textBecause the construction of manastic reality springs from the very "apory" of the notion of exteriority and interiority of the world, it sends back-owing to its existence - through a tragic reflexivity to the key question of the knowing of reality. How does this social form come into being as a challenge to the corpus of knowledge ofreality through by and for the human body? in what way would the behaviour proning disposession of the self be paradigmatic of the religious as a whole ? in a attempt to answer those questions, the field of research is made up of three monasteries each of them presenting a particular character as to the tale of their origins wich intermingle with a different "monastic memory" whose aim is no other than the fact of providing a frame for the embodying of memory, within continuity, rupture, actualization of a past in relation with place time and divinity
Henein, Nagi Athanasios. "Le monachisme égyptien révélateur de l'âme copte." Limoges, 2008. http://www.unilim.fr/theses/2008/lettres/2008limo2013/notice.htm.
Full textSihlé, Nicolas. "Les tantristes tibétains (Ngakpa), religieux dans le monde, religieux du rituel terrible : étude de Ch'ongkor, communauté villageoise de tantristes du Baragaon (nord du Népal)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100175.
Full textThis sttidy is concerned with a type of Tibetan religious specialist, the Tantrist (often called ngakpa), characterized socially, as a householder, by his in-the-worldness and religiously by his specialization in Tantric rituals and, in particular, in violent ritual acts. In the Buddhist context, where monasticism is the preeminent model, both of these aspects are somewhat problematic. This study analyzes these two defining features and especially how they interrelate and compose a coherent whole. The analysis is based on the ethnographic study of Ch'ongkor, a village community of Tantrists in Baragaon (central northern Nepal). More generally, all religious components of the area and their interactions with the laity are subsumed under the scope of this study. The contrast with the figure of the monk, in particular, is essential for the understanding of that of the Tantrist. The latter figure is typically a lineage priest, the specialist par excellence of powerful or violent rituals (which contrasts with monastic emphasis on non-violence and purity), and whose ritual activity is distinctively oriented towards worldly ends (apotropaic rituals, etc. ). This work is also underwoven, especially in the treatment of the fundamental objects which are religious texts, by methodological questions : how and to what extent can they be coherently integrated in an ethnography-based study that seeks to make use of Tibetological or Buddhological textual materials ?
Dinet, Dominique. "Réguliers et vie régionale dans les diocèses d'Auxerre, Langres et Dijon (fin 16e siècle - fin 18e siècle)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010629.
Full textConsiderable place of monks and muns (all the orders and congregations) in three dioceses of burgundy and champagne during the modern age (between 1598 and 1790) revealed by complex and multiple relations (legal, economical, social, cultural, religious. . . ) with the people and local authorities
Lembrez, Anne-Marie. "Les sœurs du Saint-Enfant-Jésus aux XVIIe XVIIIe siècles (Saint-Maur)." Lille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL3A002.
Full textBronzina, Evrard Sylvia. "Les sœurs augustines, le pouvoir et l'hôpital en France : du Concordat à Vatican II." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1eab307a-dcfb-4fa1-a65c-191182ce7c88.
Full textAs "true" nuns who were cloistered, the Augustinian Sisters ruled over the General Hospitals in one third of the dioceses under the Ancien Régime. But in the 19th century, the harsh ethical and social requirements that constituted the strong points of the Augustinians became their weak ones. Their identity which had remained indefinite for centuries since it was based on the sole Augustinian Rule isolated them as it grew stronger. Around 1850, under the pressure of the State, 4 congregations with a Mother Superior started to stand out among the hundred of independent communities: Cambrai, Meaux, Arras, Marseille. But their strongholds were more numerous: Orleans, Amiens, Coutances and also in Paris, Dieppe, Loches. The clashes with the hospitals' administrators were tough as in Troyes or Meaux. The arduous instoration of the Third Republic seemed to toll the end of the congregations. The secularization partly spared the hospitallers but the made up image of an outmoded Sister still lingered. It seems that the professionalization of hospital cares was not an obstacle. However, the decline of the congregations was conspicuous especially from the 1970's. Two federations appeared: the one of the regular canonesses the Miséricorde de Jésus in 1946 and the federation of the Augustinian Sisters of France in 1970. Their disappearing occured in general indifference. A mobilization of historians as well as of the clergy is necessary to preserve the secular memory of these nuns but also to take their message into account in a period when the tenets of the French health system are set in question
Roth-Haillotte, Roselyne. "Des vies consacrées à Dieu : étude anthropologique de la vie féminine apostolique." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0147.
Full textGiorda, Mariachiara. "Le monachisme et les institutions ecclésiastiques en Egypte (fin Ve - début VIIe siècle)." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE5021.
Full textMorin, Sauvade Hélène. "La filiation de Bonnevaux-Ordre de Citeaux (XIIe-XVe siècles) : contribution à l'étude des réseaux monastiques." Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STET2074.
Full textBurki, Jean-Jacques. "Églises, sectes et fisc." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2009_in_burki_j-j.pdf.
Full text“Temporal” law does not allow any privileged status to religions themselves. It uses a more laic definition as non-benefit-involved-associations (that may further be declared as of general interest). Religions special type of tax system comes from their comparison to the following associations: pertaining to worship, religious communities, or 1901 specific called associations. In taxes oriented law, this specific status offers tax exemption on places of worship, financial generosities as well as on a-priori business benefits. This involves that the tax system administration needs to accurately check if any association willing to take part to these financial advantages responds to the legal definition criteria. Though analyzing this process reveals a certain practice in the treatment of the application forms. The tax system supported by a tax judge, seems to adopt a preventive attitude meaning a systematic opposition to sects’ requests. Concerning this topic, we do agree with some authors whom have written “Tax system technique, private field” to say that the tax administration has become a useful tool of identifying and “fighting against sectarianism” within a laic Republic that officially cannot recognize any religion
Voisin, Ludivine. "Comme un loup poursuivant un mouton. . . : les monastères grecs sous domination latine (XIIIe-XVIe siècles)." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL028.
Full textThe sack of Constantinople in 1204 convinced some historians that Greek monasticism cannot survive a Latin-ruled environment in Constantinople and elsewhere. The chronological and geographical extension of Latin domination in Orient in the Middle Ages enables to question the validity of the constantinopolitan model in other Greco-Latin countries and the maintaining of Greek monastic identity after 1204. Integrating a variety of foundations in a comparative analysis, carried out on a huge temporal and spatial scale, reveals common trends and strategies. Whereas Greek monasticism declines in Southern Italy in XIIth and XIIIth centuries as in Latin-ruled Constantinople, the monastic movement rises everywhere and continuously. The institutional identity of monastic foundations in also maintained after 1204. An evolution is however notable, as in the West : religious and civil authorities are trying to reduce the powers of the laity on monastic foundations. The pontifical project for the establishment of a free Church results in the willingness to make clercs released from feudal obligations, which is a problem for Greeks who are mostly dependent. In the end, the monastic tradition is respected : no restriction status prevents the Greeks from becoming monks. Papal letters show that Greek monasticism is part of the Universal Church, without changing its identity. The vitality, especially economical, and the identity of Greek monasticism are not affected by the Latins
Faure-Delhoume, Catherine. "Scalam construere [. . . ] ad celestia regna conscendere : la fondation des établissements écclésiastiques dans l'espace franc : fin VIè siècle - début VIIIè siècle." Limoges, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIMO2015.
Full textThe present study investigated whether the foundation of a religious institution in the Frankish world from late sixth to early eighth centuries in a context of rivalries at the top of the state - represents a global process as not only does it meet strategic expectations but also social and economic ones closely linked to spiritual hope. Our cross analysis approach of the various sources - hagiographic, diplomatic and normative ones - allows in the first place to wonder about the religious institutions itself. The multiplicity of designations : basilica, monasterium, xenodochium, suggests an evolution in the organization of the institutions whose role has undergone changes throughout the seventh century. Then it is necessary to understand the founding process which stands as a structural phenomenon involving the elites - monarchs, bishops and aristocrats - allowing each group to dominate at one time in a highly competitive society. After the foundation some material and spiritual conditions must be met to ensure the institution 's survival. The third part focusses more particularly on the initial allocation required by an institution in order to prosper. Institutions with a significant allocation composed of land properties, economic rights and a treasure acted as landlords and bankers in direct contact with the society insofar as they had to manage flows of good thanks to numerous donations. How did institutions manage this access to material wealth while the rule, above all, advocated restraint? The task assigned to them was to ensure the growth of donated properties with a perspective of Salvation, thus making religious institutions the key actors of relationshipswith the afterlife
Bons, Renée. "Les Communautés religieuses de femmes, au temps de la Réforme catholique et des Lumières : évolution de l'infrastructure conventuelle, du recrutement et de la vie des moniales, sur une terre de l'ouest : le Haut-Maine et l'Anjou fléchois." Le Mans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LEMA0003.
Full textIn high maine and anjou around la fleche, twenty-three religious communauties were, according to the spirit of catholic reformation restored or founded. This work studies the constantly ascending movement of this group of religious orders and of women congregations, from the beginning of the decisions of trente council till all the evictions in 1792. Indeed, few convents which hard problems were closed during the 18th century. Yet, far from a run down of the number of nuns, we notice that monastic population resisted the erosion related to the enlightment's century, and that the amount of secular nuns - nurses or teachers - progressed regularly. The documents about the nuns bring quantitative data about their social extraction, on the average age at their profession and death, and also, to a lesser extent, about their calling or the reason for the choice of a convent. These two centuries, while expressing a general stability, reveal deep changes generated by the changes in society. Secular governments differentiate the success of urban cloisters from the weakness of small isolated monastaries. Afar as the best known communauties are concerned, religious life seems to have remained in the demanded strictness of the rule. It also perpetuated, thanks to apostleship and attractive cultual place, the teaching of the message of faith and devotion to laics
Moracchini, Pierre. "Recherches sur la notion de "famille franciscaine" en France du Nord et en Lorraine (fin XVIe-fin XVIIIe siècles)." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1084.
Full textThis thesis proposes the study of the Franciscan Movement as a "religious family", which means, considering its interveners such as the friars, the nuns and the Third Secular order though the links and networks that gather them together. As far as thes etting is concerned, I chose one of the Provinces of the Franciscan Observance wich is called the "France parisienne", from 1517 to 1771, that is to say the Reformations to the Commission des Réguliers. Firstly, I begin with the history of this Province located in the nothern half of France. There are convents (Cordeliers) and also lots of female communities (Poor Clare Nuns, Annunciade sistersand Grey sisters). I focus on the influence of the Capuchin Reform, the emergence of the Recollets and the refoundation of the Third Order Regular. Secondly, I deal with the "vital reciprocity" that caracterizes the relationship between the various elements in this province. I also analyse the hierarchical system whitin the one partake as well as conflits take place. This family life is also present in the architecture of female convents. Finally, I incorporate this Province in the whole Franciscan Movement and I focus on the Third Order Secular which is all one whereas the First Order remains divided into three branches. In conclusion, I insist in the fact that the Franciscan Family can be viewed in two different ways : in a middle-aged and observant way or in a modern and capuchin one
Torhoudt, Eric Van. "Centralité et marginalité en Neustrie et dans le duché de Normandie : maîtrise du territoire et pouvoirs locaux dans l'Avranchin, le Bessin et le Cotentin ( (VI-XIe siècles)." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070051.
Full textAfter the blaze in the Archives Building of the Department de la Manche in 1944, western Normandy was considered as a marginal, undeveloped area condemned to amnesia. There remains, however, a large corpus of writings from the 18th and 19th centuries in various regional and national records. The study of such scattered and diverse documentation covers a vast territory corresponding to Neustria and eastern Normandy and a period stretching from the 6th to the 1 lth century. The purpose of this thesis is to show how this corpus was put together by studying the rewrites and examining the process which helped shape the historiographic profile of the region. Following the research conducted by G. Louise, J-P Brunterc'h and P. Bauduin, this thesis will not consider these territories as seen from the Archbishopric of Rouen or the Duchy of Normandy. It will consider them from within, as an interface subject to multiple and conflicting influences,yet driven by their own territorial, social and political dynamics. This research will focus on the Frankish march whose extensive religious, social and territorial structures lead to the acculturation of the Breton and Scandinavian settlers. For the Norman period, it will first examine the nature of the existing links with the local secular power-holders (specific role of ducal kinship and wives) or with their religious counterparts (establishment of Benedictine abbeys and nomination process of abbots). It will also reassess the part played by the secular clerics. Prosopographic research will help show the existence of a local aristocracy at the beginning of the llth century
Aravaca, Chantal. "Règles de vie religieuses et pratiques architecturales des ordres et congrégations au XVIIIe siècle : les fondations post-tridentines à Nantes (1591-1714)." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3020.
Full textHours, Bernard. "Le cloitre, enjeu de représentations et de pouvoirs à l'époque moderne : l'exemple des carmélites françaises." Paris, EPHE, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EPHE5012.
Full textThe religious vocation in the modern age was founded on contempt for the world. This theme had appeared at the very beginnings of monachism in Egypt. For this reason, the monastic institution seams to have experienced permanent difficulty finding its place in society: the world which it rejected developed critical representations of it, which, through Luther and subsequently through 18th. Century philosophers influenced even the secular clergy itself. The interplay of these representations conditioned the way the monks and nuns talked about themselves. This interplay also shows that the notion of a decline which is, incidentally, not confirmed by an analysis of the recruitment of the French Carmelites, must be reviewed, because this decline concerned the social milieu from which the monks and nuns came, rather than the monastic institution itself. Finally, the latter was involved in three-corned power strategies in which it was alternatively allied with and opposed to the society and the state. Nevertheless, it appears that the power of the state always won, whereas the strategies employed by the monasteries faced repeated failures. Did not its contempt for the world lead the monastic institution into an insurmountable contradiction?
Jonveaux, Isabelle. "L'économie des monastères : recomposition d'une utopie dans la modernité religieuse en comparaison européenne." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0116.
Full textMonastic utopia integrates of necessity economic activities which it tries to deny because off it religious character. Monks spread then an arsenal of strategies of reorganization to reconcile economy and religious life. These tensions between work and prayer are essential of the monastic life, but modernity and secularization of society bring with them new data who require monks a more successful economy. The social background which defines the status of the monk depends on each country, and the European comparison between France, Italy, Germany and Belgium allows to determine the intrinsic characteristics of the monastic economy and those which are contingent, according to place and period in whom it takes place. The more the monks seem extraworldly, the more their products win in symbolic value, so building a charismatic economy. Although in theory outside the world, the monastery is not nevertheless hermetic to its outside environment. Even, we can observe offers and demands between society and monasteries, this last one answers to demands of tradition and natural which society is expecting. Role of monks in the religious modernity thus recomposes around a new charisma which is not only religious. Unlike to the institutional Church, monks keep more credibility thanks to the other canals of communications which they can develop with the world, in particular by economy
Excoffon, Sylvain. "Recherches sur le temporel des chartreuses dauphinoises, XIIème-XVème siècles." Grenoble 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE29003.
Full textThis thesis treats of the evolution of seven charterhouses (grande-chartreuse, durbon, les ecouges, val-sainte-marie, saint-hugon, curriere and chalais) in the region of the first expansion of the carthusian order. The first part deals with the copious records which are kept in grenoble, valence (france), or at grande-chartreuse, especially the cartulaire of this monastery, which was made at the beginning of xvith century. Second part analyses the foundations and the sites of the charterhouses, the structures of the carthusian economy (through the study of cartusian statutes of the xiith and xiiith centuries) and the "deserts" (delimitations, acquisitions, exploitations). Third part deals with the expansion outside the "deserts" (animal husbandry, setting up of agricultural granaries in the second half of the xiiith century), as well as exploitation of these properties and the consequences on work's planing and distribution of the responsabilities between monks and converses. The changes during the xivth and xvth centuries are studied in the last part. They may be explained by internal evolutions to carthusian order more than by economic crisis, although the crisis amplifies these changes. Four charterhouses have serious economic problems. The others, especially grande-chartreuse, look for new incomes and buy real or movable rents. The will to control the expansion of monastic economy according to the original principles, which rules the cartusian economic expansion as far as the end of xiiith century, is not much affirmed during the end of the middle age
Froyshov, Stig Ragnvalo. "L'horologe "géorgien" du "Sinaiticus ibericus" 34. : (Tome I : edition et traduction, Tome II : commentaire)." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040079.
Full textEdition, translation and commentary of the Horologion (Book of Hours) called " Georgian ", copied about 950, of ms. Sin. Iber. 34. It lacks the first 10 of its daily cursus of 24 Hours. The most important Hours are preserved. Copied by Iovane the priest, probably at the Great Lavra of St. Sabas, the document was modified some years later by a 2nd scribe, the Sabaite monk John Zosime. Some of the Hours carry the epithet "public": Vespers, Compline, Nocturns and Matins. Internal evidence (hymnography, prayers) permits to attach them to Jerusalem. The other Hours, which have no epithet, have a simple ordo, which begins with a fixed psalm and a cathisma of the Psalter. The fixed psalms attach these Hours, which I call "ascetic", to the ancient Egyptian Horologion of 24 Hours, which I identify with the "Rule of the Angel". The entire Psalter is accomplished daily. Acc. To my interpretation, the Horologion was composed at the cathedral of Jerusalem; the public Hours are those of the people, and the ascetic Hours those of the Spoudaioi monks of the cathedral. I date the Greek model of the Horologion to about 700. The Horologion was probably adopted and slightly adapted at St. Sabas
Le, Gall Jean-Marie. "La réforme des réguliers et l'idée de réforme dans le Bassin parisien : 1450-1560." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010681.
Full textIn the Bassin Parisien, the houses of monks, nuns and canons regulars are not reformed before 1480. Regulars are concerned with wars, decline of income, then devote themselves to rebuilding. At that time, reform means material restoration and implies common sacrifices. Monks are less numerous and their consumption is cut down. Commendataires are welcome because they bring support and necessary ability for patrimonial restauration. But around 1480, in better days, chapters revolt against too demanding prelates who use open nepotism and clientelism. Then reform spreads on these abbeys. By 1480 indeed, regular life is awakening in different ways in the bassin parisien. From 1480 until 1520 new convents and even new orders are multiplied, reforms and manpower increase within monasteries. Scholars, princesses and students feel call for the church. They are longing for intellectual and existential revival in monasteries which are evangelic institutions, a counter-model of the university. They also look for appeasement in front of death and last judgment which is supposed to be imminent. In this eschatologic context, Charles VIII, Louis XII and François 1er support the reform mouvement until
Moreau, Marthe. "Les monastères féminins dans le diocèse de Maguelone des origines au XIIIe siècle." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100057.
Full textDufourcq, Élisabeth. "Une forme de l'expansion française : les congrégations religieuses féminines hors d'Europe de Richelieu à nos jours : histoire naturelle d'une diaspora." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991IEPP0011.
Full text210 practising catholic female religious congregations founded in France since the Middle Age represent a demographic group of nearly 200 000 persons, among these, one third live in France, another third within Europe (exclusing France) on the rest outside Europe. Outside Europe, over three quarters of these women are found in North and South America, South African Australia and New Zealand as well as the newly industrialised countries of Asia, less than one tenth of them are found in ex-French colonies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Three quarters of the present day extra-European population belong to congregations founded before 1848. The majority of first installations, which date from the sailing vesse epoch, are located along the major maritime trade routes of that period. Following up the institutions over the past three hundred and fifty years brings to light a range of charitable work involving three components: the charisma of each congregation, the motivation of the French supporting environment and the host country's stage of development
Ramos, Medina Manuel. "Les carmélites Déchaussées en Nouvelle-Espagne (XVIIème-XVIIIème siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0345.
Full textThis work talks about the history of six bare-footed carmelitas' couvents, founded in the new-spain : san jose de los angeles (1604), santa teresa in guadalajara (1695), santa teresa la nueva in mexico (1704), nuestra senora de la soledad in puebla (1748) and el dulce nombre de jesus in queretaro (1804). Our study analyses the female carmel order, supported by felipe ii and his bureaucratie, being a witness of the spanish contre-reform and example followed by several orders in the spanish empire. In mexico, the first carmelitas' foundation was composed by creoles, for whom this new order give the possibility of a most austere life than in other monasteries. Our documentation has been very large, and thanks to this, it was also possible to evaluate the religious' properties : they were the most of the time urban ones, given or bequeath. On the other hand, the richness of the foundation was also reflected by the splendour of the services offered at the carmelitas' churches, witness of baroque influence in the new-spain. It is also given in this work a very vast bibliography about the religious life in mexico and in europe, as well as several appendix, being two of them unpublished until now
Gross, Frédéric. "Abbés, religieux et monastères dans le royaume de Charles le Chauve." Paris 4, 2006. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01896515.
Full textThis study is about monasteries in the kingdom of Charles the Bald. This king is the son of Louis the Pious who reformed monastic and canonical life. Though, it is interesting to see if the spirit of the reform is still alive in the religious communities during his reign. In the first parst we study the two kinds of friars who live in monasteries: monks and canons. In the second part we see the relationships between monasteries and differents kinds of power: the king who protects monasteries, the bishop who has a disciplinary power above monks and canons, the magnates who found some monasteries and the pope. The third part is about abbots. We can distinguish two kinds of abbots: regular abbots who are elected by monks and secular abbots who are created by king. The secular abbots can be laymen or secular clerics
Guyon, Catherine. "L'ordre du val des écoliers (1201-1539)." Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN21001.
Full textThe valley of the scholars was an order of regular canons founded around the year one thousand two hundred and one by four masters of theology in Paris who, at the time when the university was created, wanted to remind their colleagues of the prime meaning of the word scholar, that is to say a disciple of Christ. Though they were the contemporaries of the mendicant’s established in town, they left the urban environment to live as hermits in a remote valley on the borders of champagne. Joined by many disciples they spread and organized themselves into an order approved by the pope. They adapted themselves to the evolution of their time and renewed with the town and the intellectuals. The order owned twenty eight priories which were divided into three groups having their own originality: the first group depending on the famous house Sainte Catherine of Paris was near the king and the university, the second located in the southern Netherlands had a link with the beguines and the last one which could be found in the forests of champagne and burgundy remained attached to a traditional rural environment
Garry, Sandrine. "Le culte de saint Josse au Moyen Âge : histoire et iconographie, des origines au XVe siècle." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083910.
Full textBrassart, Jacqueline. "L'abbaye de Corbie à l'époque moderne : histoire d'une renaissance au temps des Mauristes." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0006.
Full textCorbie Abbey is a Royal Foundation of the 7th century with a rich endowment. Its scriptorium made it famous in the Carolingian era. Then it has gone through difficult times and lost a lot of property in the feudal rivalries. Recurrent wars in the region have reduced its assets and Conventual life. Putting it in commendam generated many difficulties with the Abbots become simple Beneficed. In 1618, the congregation of Saint-Maur introduced reform ; It considers that the Abbey will be able to take its place in its network through its attractiveness and richness which is considerable. Reform is difficult because the former religious do not adhere and that wars continue to disrupt his organization. When the border back permanently and the King allows him a certain independence, reform really takes off. We then see the benedictine rule again successfully apply and religious progress study and spiritual research as recommended the Maurists. The jansenist crisis puts an end to the current which since the 17th century tried to impose religious life according to a strict observance of the rule. Now they accept accommodations : they have more comfort in the new buildings they do build and dedicate themselves more than ever to intellectual tasks. They are more locked in their Abbey as before and participate more widely in the social life. They are not restricted to investigations theological and philosophical ; they are also interested in social or economic innovations and eventually accompany them
Riffier, Jean. "Les oeuvres françaises en Syrie (1860-1923) : une politique linguistique et ses enjeux." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030035.
Full textBetween 1880 and 1914 in the ottoman empire and particularly in syria france supported foundations which were mainly educational establishments. They were founded and run by latin religious orders. On behalf of the holy see, they upheld the rights of roman catholicism in and around the holy places where they faced the long-standing rivalry of the eastern orthodox church and of late that of the protestant missions. Their expansion was planned by the congregation for propagating the faith and financed by donations collected by the foundation for propagating the faith and the eastern foundation. These educational establishments were subsidized by the french government. It protected them in conformity with the principles of the protectorate. As from 1880 republican governments restrained freedom of education for religious orders and in 1901 a law was passed suppressing it. As they did so, they increased their financial aid to eastern religious orders in the middle-east. They fully assumed their responsabilities in the protectorate with the other european nations as well as the ottoman government. Their main concern was to the educational establishments set up in syria. These schools were in fact a means of political conquest which held primacy over the anticlerical feud. By achieving this methodical, systematical, carefully thought out occupation of a syrian territory which after all they were going to define, they justified a later appropriation. What was at stake accounts for the fierce competition in the educational field with other european nations, mainly italy, england and russia, which made use, in those parts, of the same methods towards the same ends. In 1923, france ratified the lausanne treaty by which she was entrusted with a mandate over syria. Together with a period in the history of the region, a founding moment in the history of the
Marsone, Pierre. "Wang Chongyang (1113-1170) et la fondation du Quanzhen." Paris, EPHE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPHE5019.
Full textThe Quanzhen movement is the great movement of the religious revival in modern China. According to tradition, its founder, Wang Chongyang (1113-1170), had a vision of two immortals and later he converted seven disciples, Ma Danyang, Tan Changzhen, Liu Changsheng, Qiu Changchun, Wang Yuyang, Hao Taigu and Ma Danyang's wife, Su Buer who spread the movement throughout North China. Fifty years later, Quanzhen became the main religious movement in the country. Nowadays, the Quanzhen school still plays an important part and cannot be ignored. The first part of the dissertation, the historical part, begins with the study of the primary sources in order to examine the process which transformed Wang's biography into a hagiography. For instance, apparitions, through no more than vague remarks in the founder's works, were transmitted as facts by his favorite disciple Ma Danyang. Next, we investigate the differences between the personalities of the disciples, reappraise their respective roles and point out the internal diversity of the movement before standardization which followed institutionalization. We also examine how the concept of seven disciples as founders was created in more than a century by the tradition. The second part insists on the daoist nature of the movement. We describe the religious life of the movement and examine how the Quanzhen used Buddhist and Confucianist concepts in its daoist teaching. Next, we attempt to set out the theory of inner alchemy which is one of the most important teachings of the Quanzhen monks. We also insist on the spiritual of inner alchemy in the founder's thoughts. Replying to a Japanese theory, the conclusion maintains that the Quanzhen is not a reforming movement similar to Protestantism but rather, if a comparison is necessary, a movement similar to the European mendicant orders
Dimon, Anne-Marie. "A la lumière de Claire : Approche ethnographique et ethnologique d'une communauté monastique, les clarisses de Béziers : rites initiatiques." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30049.
Full textThis work of research in a thesis of doctor in ethnology has for objec "under clare's light. Ethnographic and ethnologic approach of a monasti community. Poor clares from beziers (france) : initiatic rites". The order of poor clares was founded in 1212 by saint clare of assisi (italy). Beziers monastery of poor clares (herault), matter of this thesis, i one of the twenty monasteries of this monastic order founded during clare' life in the south of france (province called "d'aquitaine). It is especiall held in reverency by people of beziers ("biterrois") who call its nuns "paratc nerres de la ville" ("lightning-rods of the town"). We have try to explai the reasons of this calling and the origin of others devotions ans custorr experienced around this monastery in the way of a past linked to antic an popular cults. This study was spread to rites ans hordeals following eac stage of poor clares's life. We found initiatic rituals's structure of primiti ve people, antic and modern (maconnic, etc. . . ). Our study was comparative extensive and analogic. Poor clares would have received an inheritance stil penetrated by antic cults. Different monastic families we also studied she the same use of rites (symbolic gestures and objects) experienced by eac initiate in the past and in the present time. "passage rites" we evoke as van gennep told us, show three stages with wich the person leaves a profs world by a ritual death to be born again in the sacrate world of initiates this initiatic continuity which seams to be lost in some roman catholi monasteries of post-concile time (vatican ii) would perpetuate in a moder initiatic expectation
Baury, Ghislain. "Les religieuses en Castille : XIIe-XIIIe siècles : ordre cistercien et patronages aristocratiques." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081694.
Full textHenriet, Patrick. "Verbum vivum et efficax : pouvoirs de la parole et mentalités monastiques, dans la littérature hagiographique des XIe et XIIe siècles : espace franco-italien." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX10032.
Full textMonastic hagiography of 11th and 12th centuries frequently describes saints using effective word, able to act automatically. Nevertheless, it shows an evolution of saint word's conception : itinerant preachers, in particular, insist on the moral sense of the speech. The description of the last moments confirms these evolution. The collections of miracles, on the other hand, describe a magic use of the word acting without any moral reference. Blasphemy, at last, appears as an inverted prayer put by the monks in the mouth of milities looting their possessions. In conclusion, word in the 11th and 12th centuries is one of the chief elements which structure relations between man and the sacred
Wion, Anaïs. ""Aux confins le feu, au centre le Paradis" : Qoma Fasilädäs, un monastère royal dans l'Éthiopie du 17e siècle." Paris 1, 2003. http://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/29860.
Full textSchneider, Nicola. "Le renoncement au féminin. : couvents et nonnes dans le bouddhisme tibétain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100202.
Full textStudies have shown that Tibetan nuns are faced with discrimination in many areas: they are not represented in the clerical hierarchy, do not benefit from the same economic advantages as monks and, until recently, most only had access to very basic education. Consequently they occupy a subordinate place in the Tibetan monastic system. Hence, how can we explain the fact that so many women are drawn to monastic life today?This thesis, based on an ethnological study of two nunneries — one situated inside Tibet (Minyag) and the other in the exiled Tibetan community in India — explores current changes and seeks to understand the surge in female monasticism that has accompanied the religious revival since the end of the Cultural Revolution. Using anthropological as well as tibetological methodology, the results are presented in three parts. The first is dedicated to the history of female monasticism: its foundations, institutions and nuns, including events that have occurred since the occupation of Tibet by China. The second part depicts the current monastic lifestyle: its organization and the nuns’ religious as well as non-religious activities. In the last part, the reasons driving girls to commit to this singular lifestyle are examined, as well as their integration into the monastic community. Finally, I analyze why some of these women do not remain as nuns for their entire lives
Graur, Michel. "Les religieux capucins français engagés dans la Grande Guerre (1914-1930)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0030.
Full textIn august 1914, the french monks of the Franciscan order founded in 1528 by Matteo Bascio, fa away from their country, following the application of the anti-congregationist laws, responded well to the patriotic call of the war. Within the period of 4 and half years, a certain number of the monks of this order had exercised diverse actions within the army. Many knew of the life in trenches and its misery, the material suffering, both physically and morally, the offensive and counter-offensive stages, some certain periods of unending idleness. This event resulted in the Great War which gave them the opportunity to be close to and share in the experience of the citizens and often the foreigners as well, of varying social classes. Therefore several questions are asked to the historian by the presence in the army of men considered as "segregati" by a large part of public opinion: the minister whose service is close to the mobilized has the main aim to ensure a form of spiritual life which corresponds with their religious engagement. . . As members of a religious missionary congregation, they endeavour to convert some of their army companions to God and to reconcile two clearly contradictory values : patriotism and religious ideal
Raison, du Cleuziou Yann. "De la contemplation à la contestation, socio-histoire de la politisation des dominicains de la Province de France (1950-1980) : Contribution à la sociologie de la subversion d'une institution religieuse." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010342.
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