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Journal articles on the topic 'Organic compounds – Synthesis ; Catalysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Murahashi, Shun-Ichi, Hikaru Takaya, and Takeshi Naota. "Ruthenium catalysis in organic synthesis." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 1 (2002): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274010019.

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Ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, and rhenium hydride complexes are highly useful redox Lewis acid and base catalysts. Various substrates bearing hetero atoms are activated by these catalysts and undergo reactions with either nucleophiles or electrophiles under neutral conditions. These types of catalytic reactions are described together with their application to the preparation of various biologically active compounds.

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2

Baráth, Eszter. "Selective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds via (Asymmetric) Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts." Synthesis 52, no. 04 (2020): 504–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1691542.

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Based on the ever-increasing demand for optically pure compounds, the development of efficient methods to produce such products is very important. Homogeneous asymmetric catalysis occupies a prominent position in the ranking of chemical transformations, with transition metals coordinated to chiral ligands being applied extensively for this purpose. However, heterogeneous catalysts have the ability to further extend the field of asymmetric transformations, because of their beneficial properties such as high stability, ease of separation and regeneration, and the possibility to apply them in con

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3

Li, Dongli, Panpan Wu, Ning Sun, et al. "The Diversity of Heterocyclic N-oxide Molecules: Highlights on their Potential in Organic Synthesis, Catalysis and Drug Applications." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 5 (2019): 616–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666190408095257.

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The synthesis and chemistry of heterocyclic N-oxide derivatives such as those from pyridine and indazole are very well-known due to their usefulness as versatile synthetic intermediates and their biological importance. These classes of organic compounds have been demonstrated in many interesting and amazing functionalities, particularly vital in the areas including metal complexes formation, catalysts design, asymmetric catalysis and synthesis, and medicinal applications (some potent N-oxide compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory activity, etc.). Therefore, the heterocycli

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4

Li, Junlong, Ruocan Zhuang, and Yinan Qian. "Synthesis of Novel Chalcone Derivatives by Organic Catalysis." Materials Physics and Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2018): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/mpc.v1i1.564.

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Chalcone compounds have a wide range of biological activities. In this paper, nine kinds of novel chalcone compounds were synthesized by using transacrylone derivatives and anthrone as raw materials. The eﬀects of diﬀerent catalysts and solvents on the yield of the products were investigated. The optimal catalyst was DABCO. The optimum solvent was dichloromethane with the highest yield of 71.6%. On this basis, the eﬀect of the co-catalyst on the yield was investigated. The yield was increased to 89.9%.

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Sahoo, Biswa Mohan, and Bimal Krishna Banik. "Baker’s Yeast-Based Organocatalysis: Applications in Organic Synthesis." Current Organocatalysis 6, no. 2 (2019): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213337206666181211105304.

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Background: Catalyst speeds up any chemical reaction without changing the point of the equilibrium. Catalysis process plays a key role in organic synthesis to produce new organic compounds. Similarly, organocatalysis is a type of chemical catalysis in which the rate of a reaction is accelerated by organic catalysts. Methods: Organocatalysts have gained significant utility in organic reactions due to their less of sensitivity towards moisture, readily available, economic, large chiral pool and low toxicity as compared to metal catalysts. Organocatalysts work via both formations of covalent bond

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Imrich, Biehler, Maichle-Mössmer, and Ziegler. "Carbohydrate-Based Chiral Iodoarene Catalysts: A Survey through the Development of an Improved Catalyst Design." Molecules 24, no. 21 (2019): 3883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213883.

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Iodoarene catalysts can be applied in versatile reactions, for instance in the construction of complex chiral molecules via dearomatization of simple aromatic compounds. Recently, we reported the synthesis of the first carbohydrate-based chiral iodoarene catalysts and their application in asymmetric catalysis. Here we describe the synthesis of some new and improved catalysts. An account on how we got to the improved catalyst design, as well as the X-ray structure of one of the carbohydrate-based iodoarenes, is given.

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Aneeja, Thaipparambil, Sankaran Radhika, Mohan Neetha, and Gopinathan Anilkumar. "An Overview of the One-pot Synthesis of Imidazolines." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 20 (2020): 2341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824999201001153735.

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One-pot syntheses are a simple, efficient and easy methodology, which are widely used for the synthesis of organic compounds. Imidazoline is a valuable heterocyclic moiety used as a synthetic intermediate, chiral auxiliary, chiral catalyst and a ligand for asymmetric catalysis. Imidazole is a fundamental unit of biomolecules that can be easily prepared from imidazolines. The one-pot method is an impressive approach to synthesize organic compounds as it minimizes the reaction time, separation procedures, and ecological impact. Many significant one-pot methods such as N-bromosuccinimide mediated

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8

Macarie, Lavinia, Nicoleta Plesu, Smaranda Iliescu, and Gheorghe Ilia. "Synthesis of organophosphorus compounds using ionic liquids." Reviews in Chemical Engineering 34, no. 5 (2018): 727–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2017-0014.

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Abstract Organophosphorus chemistry was developed in the last decade by promoting the synthesis reactions using ionic liquids either as solvent or catalyst. Ionic liquids (ILs), the so-called “green solvents”, have gained interest in the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds as alternatives to flammable and toxic organic solvents and catalysts. ILs have beneficial properties because they provide high solubility for many organic and inorganic compounds or metal complexes, have no vapor pressure, and are reusable. Also, in some cases, they can enhance the reactivity of chemical reagents. In th

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9

Negishi, Ei-ichi, and Tamotsu Takahashi. "Organozirconium Compounds in Organic Synthesis." Synthesis 1988, no. 01 (1988): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1988-27453.

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10

Knölker, H. J. "Iron Compounds in Organic Synthesis." Synthesis 1994, no. 10 (1994): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1994-25646.

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11

Nesterov, Dmytro S., and Oksana V. Nesterova. "Catalytic Oxidations with Meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic Acid (m-CPBA) and Mono- and Polynuclear Complexes of Nickel: A Mechanistic Outlook." Catalysts 11, no. 10 (2021): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101148.

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Selective catalytic functionalization of organic substrates using peroxides as terminal oxidants remains a challenge in modern chemistry. The high complexity of interactions between metal catalysts and organic peroxide compounds complicates the targeted construction of efficient catalytic systems. Among the members of the peroxide family, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA) exhibits quite complex behavior, where numerous reactive species could be formed upon reaction with a metal complex catalyst. Although m-CPBA finds plenty of applications in fine organic synthesis and catalysis, the factors

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12

Mielgo, Antonia, and Claudio Palomo. "1H-Imidazol-4(5H)-ones and thiazol-4(5H)-ones as emerging pronucleophiles in asymmetric catalysis." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (May 9, 2016): 918–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.90.

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Asymmetric catalysis represents a very powerful tool for the synthesis of enantiopure compounds. In this context the main focus has been directed not only to the search for new efficient chiral catalysts, but also to the development of efficient pronucleophiles. This review highlights the utility and first examples of 1H-imidazol-4(5H)-ones and thiazol-4(5H)-ones as pronucleophiles in catalytic asymmetric reactions.

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13

El-Sayed, Ahmed M., Omyma A. Abd Allah, Ahmed M. M. El-Saghier, and Shaaban K. Mohamed. "Synthesis and Reactions of Five-Membered Heterocycles Using Phase Transfer Catalyst (PTC) Techniques." Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/163074.

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Phase transfer catalysts (PTCs) have been widely used for the synthesis of organic compounds particularly in both liquid-liquid and solid-liquid heterogeneous reaction mixtures. They are known to accelerate reaction rates by facilitating formation of interphase transfer of species and making reactions between reagents in two immiscible phases possible. Application of PTC instead of traditional technologies for industrial processes of organic synthesis provides substantial benefits for the environment. On the basis of numerous reports it is evident that phase-transfer catalysis is the most effi

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14

Nghiem, Tai-Lam, Deniz Coban, Stefanie Tjaberings, and André H. Gröschel. "Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Polymer Compartments for Catalysis." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102190.

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Catalysis is one of the most important processes in nature, science, and technology, that enables the energy efficient synthesis of essential organic compounds, pharmaceutically active substances, and molecular energy sources. In nature, catalytic reactions typically occur in aqueous environments involving multiple catalytic sites. To prevent the deactivation of catalysts in water or avoid unwanted cross-reactions, catalysts are often site-isolated in nanopockets or separately stored in compartments. These concepts have inspired the design of a range of synthetic nanoreactors that allow otherw

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Shul’pin, Georgiy B., and Lidia S. Shul’pina. "Oxidation of Organic Compounds with Peroxides Catalyzed by Polynuclear Metal Compounds." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (2021): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020186.

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The review describes articles that provide data on the synthesis and study of the properties of catalysts for the oxidation of alkanes, olefins, and alcohols. These catalysts are polynuclear complexes of iron, copper, osmium, nickel, manganese, cobalt, vanadium. Such complexes for example are: [Fe2(HPTB)(m-OH)(NO3)2](NO3)2·CH3OH·2H2O, where HPTB-¼N,N,N0,N0-tetrakis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-2-hydroxo-1,3-diaminopropane; complex [(PhSiO1,5)6]2[CuO]4[NaO0.5]4[dppmO2]2, where dppm-1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane; (2,3-η-1,4-diphenylbut-2-en-1,4-dione)undecacarbonyl triangulotriosmium; phenylsilse

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16

Fierascu, Ortan, Avramescu, and Fierascu. "Phyto-Nanocatalysts: Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications." Molecules 24, no. 19 (2019): 3418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193418.

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Catalysis represents the cornerstone of chemistry, since catalytic processes are ubiquitous in almost all chemical processes developed for obtaining consumer goods. Nanocatalysis represents nowadays an innovative approach to obtain better properties for the catalysts: stable activity, good selectivity, easy to recover, and the possibility to be reused. Over the last few years, for the obtaining of new catalysts, classical methods—based on potential hazardous reagents—have been replaced with new methods emerged by replacing those reagents with plant extracts obtained in different conditions. Du

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17

Figueredo, Miguel Jose Marin, Clarissa Cocuzza, Samir Bensaid, Debora Fino, Marco Piumetti, and Nunzio Russo. "Catalytic Abatement of Volatile Organic Compounds and Soot over Manganese Oxide Catalysts." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164534.

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A set of manganese oxide catalysts was synthesized via two preparation techniques: solution combustion synthesis (Mn3O4/Mn2O3-SCS and Mn2O3-SCS) and sol-gel synthesis (Mn2O3-SG550 and Mn2O3-SG650). The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were studied by means of N2-physisorption at −196 °C, X-ray powder diffraction, H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), soot-TPR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The high catalytic performance of the catalysts was verified in the oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) probe mo

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18

Deng, Yongming, Qing-Qing Cheng, and Michael Doyle. "Asymmetric [3+3] Cycloaddition for Heterocycle Synthesis." Synlett 28, no. 14 (2017): 1695–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588453.

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Asymmetric syntheses of six-membered ring heterocycles are important research targets not only in synthetic organic chemistry but also in pharmaceuticals. The [3+3]-cycloaddition methodology is a complementary strategy to [4+2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Recent progress in [3+3]-cycloaddition processes provide powerful asymmetric methodologies for the construction of six-membered ring heterocycles with one to three heteroatoms in the ring. In this account, synthetic efforts during the past five years toward the synthesis of enantioenriched six-membered ring hete

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19

Galván, Adriana, Fabiola N. de la Cruz, Francisco Cruz, et al. "Heterogeneous Catalysis with Basic Compounds to Achieve the Synthesis and C–N Cleavage of Azetidin-2-ones under Microwave Irradiation." Synthesis 51, no. 19 (2019): 3625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611851.

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The synthesis of azetidin-2-ones with a completely heterogeneous catalysis is reported. The use of basic compounds as solid catalysts allowed for the synthesis of azetidin-2-ones under microwave irradiation without organic additives such as triethylamine. An excellent catalyst for this transformation was Mg-Al hydroxide (MAH). The present methodology offers the advantages of non-hazardous reaction conditions, short reaction times, high yields, and catalyst reusability. Different substitution groups were tested on the imines and acyl chlorides to explore the scope of the reaction. Unconventiona

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20

Selivanova, N. V., P. V. Berdnikova та Z. P. Pai. "Oxidation of Organic Substrates in Two-рhase Liquid Systems in the Presence of Tungsten Peroxo Complexes to Obtain Carboxylic Acids". Kataliz v promyshlennosti 20, № 5 (2020): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2020-5-344-351.

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The paper presents a brief review of the studies on the oxidation of various organic compounds with hydrogen peroxide performed by the authors at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS. Main catalytic systems for the production of carboxylic acids, which are the marketable products for industry and fine organic synthesis, under the conditions of interphase catalysis are considered. It was shown that the use of pre-synthesized catalytic complexes with the general formula Q3{PO4[WO(O2)2]4} improves the process performance, for example, increases the product yield, decreases the reaction time

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21

Li, Ju, Cunhua Ma, Shengjie Zhu, Feng Yu, Bin Dai, and Dezheng Yang. "A Review of Recent Advances of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma in Catalysis." Nanomaterials 9, no. 10 (2019): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9101428.

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Dielectric barrier discharge plasma is one of the most popular methods to generate nanthermal plasma, which is made up of a host of high-energy electrons, free radicals, chemically active ions and excited species, so it has the property of being prone to chemical reactions. Due to these unique advantages, the plasma technology has been widely used in the catalytic fields. Compared with the conventional method, the heterogeneous catalyst prepared by plasma technology has good dispersion and smaller particle size, and its catalytic activity, selectivity and stability are significantly improved.

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22

Liu, Jianguo, Mingyue Zhang, and Longlong Ma. "Facile Synthesis of COF-Supported Reduced Pd-Based Catalyst for One-Pot Reductive Amination of Aldehydes." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020287.

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Dibenzylamine motifs are an important class of crucial organic compounds and are widely used in fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The development of the efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly synthesis of amines using transition metal-based heterogeneous catalysts remains both desirable and challenging. Herein, we prepared the covalent organic framework (COF)-supported heterogeneous reduced COF-supported Pd-based catalyst and used it for the one-pot reductive amination of aldehydes. There are both Pd metallic state and oxidated Pdσ+ in the catalysts. Furthermore, in the

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23

Kaplin, Igor Yu, Ekaterina S. Lokteva, Elena V. Golubina, and Valery V. Lunin. "Template Synthesis of Porous Ceria-Based Catalysts for Environmental Application." Molecules 25, no. 18 (2020): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184242.

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Porous oxide materials are widely used in environmental catalysis owing to their outstanding properties such as high specific surface area, enhanced mass transport and diffusion, and accessibility of active sites. Oxides of metals with variable oxidation state such as ceria and double oxides based on ceria also provide high oxygen storage capacity which is important in a huge number of oxidation processes. The outstanding progress in the development of hierarchically organized porous oxide catalysts relates to the use of template synthetic methods. Single and mixed oxides with enhanced porous

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24

Ghafuri, Hossein, Peyman Hanifehnejad, Zeynab Rezazadeh, and Afsaneh Rashidizadeh. "Sulfonated Graphitic Carbon Nitride (Sg-C3N4): A Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Organo-Catalyst for Condensation Reactions." Proceedings 41, no. 1 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-23-06611.

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Currently, constructing solid acid catalysts with well-defined structures, environmentally benign, with high catalytic activity, easy separation, and high chemical stability is the most important area of industrial and environmental concern. Over the past few decades, porous conjugated polymers have been employed as stable catalyst supports for various organic transformations. Among these materials, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been widely studied in the field of photocatalysis and heterogeneous catalysis, due to its high surface area and great physical and chemical stability. Herein,

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Sutradhar, Manas. "Metal-Based Catalysts in Organic Synthesis." Catalysts 10, no. 12 (2020): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10121429.

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26

Leszczyńska-Sejda, Katarzyna, Grzegorz Benke, Joanna Malarz, et al. "Rhenium(VII) Compounds as Inorganic Precursors for the Synthesis of Organic Reaction Catalysts." Molecules 24, no. 8 (2019): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081451.

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Rhenium is an element that exhibits a broad range of oxidation states. Synthesis paths of selected rhenium compounds in its seventh oxidation state, which are common precursors for organic reaction catalysts, were presented in this paper. Production technologies for copper perrhenate, aluminum perrhenate as well as the ammonia complex of cobalt perrhenate, are thoroughly described. An ion exchange method, based on Al or Cu metal ion sorption and subsequent elution by aqueous perrhenic acid solutions, was used to obtain perrhenates. The produced solutions were neutralized to afford the targeted

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27

Caputo, Christine A., Florentino d. S. Carneiro, Michael C. Jennings, and Nathan D. Jones. "Modular syntheses of oxazolinylamine ligands and characterization of group 10 metal complexes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 2 (2007): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v06-188.

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The syntheses of aminoalkyloxazoline and pyrrolidinyloxazoline ligands, each of which bear a pair of chiral centres, by both known and new routes are reported. Variable temperature NMR studies show that the known stepwise syntheses of the pyrrolidinyl compounds are not complicated by epimerization; however, coordination of one of the aminoalkyl derivatives to Pt(II) under conditions of prolonged heating to 80 °C does give mixtures of diastereomeric N,N ′-chelated complexes that result from inversion of the chiral centre associated with the aminoalkyl fragment. A new synthesis of pyrrolidinylox

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28

Gupta, Raman, Monika Gupta, Satya Paul, and Rajive Gupta. "Silica-supported ZnCl2 — A highly active and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones–thiones." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 3 (2007): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-018.

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A novel silica-supported zinc chloride catalyst was prepared and investigated for the Biginelli reaction. The key features of the catalyst include rapid reaction with 100% conversion of aldehyde, good catalyst recyclability, and high stability under the reaction conditions (passes hot filtration test successfully). A low catalyst loading (12 mol% of ZnCl2) was required to achieve a quantitative reaction. Other catalysts such as SiO2–AlCl2, SiO2–AlCl2–ZnCl2 were also prepared and their activity was compared with SiO2–ZnCl2 for the Biginelli reaction.Key words: silica gel, zinc chloride, Biginel

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Bednářová, Eva, Štefan Malatinec, and Martin Kotora. "Applications of Bolm’s Ligand in Enantioselective Synthesis." Molecules 25, no. 4 (2020): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040958.

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One pathway for the preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds from prochiral substrates is the use of metal complex catalysis with chiral ligands. Compared to the other frequently used chiral ligands, chiral 2,2’-bipyridines have been underexploited, despite the data indicating that such ligands have considerable potential in synthetic chemistry. One of those is the so-called Bolm’s ligand, a compound possessing chiral alcohol moieties in the side chains attached to the 2,2’-bipyridine scaffold. Various metal salts have been used in combination with Bolm’s ligand as potent catalysts able

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30

Korzeniowska, Ewelina. "Synthesis of diphenylphosphinic acid esters." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio AA – Chemia 72, no. 1 (2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/aa.2017.72.1.23.

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<p>The development of new methods for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds is still an important part of organic chemistry due to the high demand for these compounds in organic synthesis as well as in asymmetric catalysis. Most of the methods for the synthesis of these compounds include the reactivity of the phosphorus atom, which depending on the structure might exhibit both electrophilic and nucleophilic properties. Herein, I will present the results concerning synthesis of diphenylphosphinic acid esters.</p>

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31

SOBOLEVA, E. A., Ya A. VISURKHANOVA, N. M. IVANOVA, М. Е. BEISENBEKOVA, and S. O. KENZHETAEVA. "ULTRAFINECOPPER AND NICKEL POWDERS INTHE ELECTRO-CATALYTICHYDROGENATIONOF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS." Chemical Journal of Kazakhstan 74, no. 2 (2021): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51580/2021-1/2710-1185.26.

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Ultrafine copper and nickel powders are synthesized by a chemical reduction of the metal cations from their salts in an aqueous ethanol solution without and with the addition of a polymer stabilizer (polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol). The structure and morphological features of the prepared metal powders were investigated by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of the Cu and Ni powders have been studied in the electrohydrogenation of acetophenone, nitrobenzene, p-nitroaniline, and cyclohexanone. A higher electrocatalytic activity of Cu powders

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Dzhemilev, U. M., and R. V. Kunakova. "Metal complex catalysis in the synthesis of organic sulfur compounds." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 455, no. 1-2 (1993): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(93)80375-l.

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Pawlowski, Robert, Filip Stanek, and Maciej Stodulski. "Recent Advances on Metal-Free, Visible-Light- Induced Catalysis for Assembling Nitrogen- and Oxygen-Based Heterocyclic Scaffolds." Molecules 24, no. 8 (2019): 1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081533.

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Heterocycles are important class of structures, which occupy a major space in the domain of natural and bioactive compounds. For this reason, development of new synthetic strategies for their controllable synthesis became of special interests. The development of novel photoredox systems with wide-range application in organic synthesis is particularly interesting. Organic dyes have been widely applied as photoredox catalysts in organic synthesis. Their low costs compared to the typical photocatalysts based on transition metals make them an excellent alternative. This review describes proceeding

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Iida, H., Y. Imada, and S. I. Murahashi. "Biomimetic flavin-catalysed reactions for organic synthesis." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 28 (2015): 7599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob00854a.

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Using simple riboflavin related compounds as biomimetic catalysts, catalytic oxidation of various substrates with hydrogen peroxide or molecular oxygen can be performed selectively under mild conditions. The principle of these reactions is fundamental and will provide a wide scope for environmentally benign future practical methods.

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Martin, Elisha, Martin Prostredny, and Ashleigh Fletcher. "Investigating the Role of the Catalyst within Resorcinol–Formaldehyde Gel Synthesis." Gels 7, no. 3 (2021): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7030142.

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Resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) gels are porous materials synthesized via a sol–gel reaction and subsequently dried, producing structures with high surface areas and low densities—properties that are highly attractive for use in various applications. The RF gel reaction takes place in the presence of a catalyst, either acidic or basic in nature, the concentration of which significantly impacts final gel properties. The full extent of the catalyst’s role, however, has been subject to debate, with the general consensus within the field being that it is simply a pH-adjuster. The work presented here

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Arisawa, Mieko. "Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of Organophosphorus Compounds Involving P–P Bond Cleavage." Synthesis 52, no. 19 (2020): 2795–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707890.

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Organophosphorus compounds are used as drugs, pesticides, detergents, food additives, flame retardants, synthetic reagents, and catalysts, and their efficient synthesis is an important task in organic synthesis. To synthesize novel functional organophosphorus compounds, transition-metal-catalyzed methods have been developed, which were previously considered difficult because of the strong bonding that occurs between transition metals and phosphorus. Addition reactions of triphenylphosphine and sulfonic acids to unsaturated compounds in the presence of a rhodium or palladium catalyst lead to ph

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Dzieszkowski, Krzysztof, and Zbigniew Rafiński. "N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis under Oxidizing Conditions." Catalysts 8, no. 11 (2018): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8110549.

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N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis under oxidizing conditions provides a vast range of various synthetic procedures via diverse mechanisms. The available catalysts, bases, oxidants, and oxidizing methods afford numerous opportunities for developing this branch of organocatalysis. Furthermore, implementation of tandem reactions and cooperative catalysis in the described methodology significantly expands the possibilities of modern organic chemistry. This approach allows the synthesis of different structurally complex and often enantiomerically enriched substances, which can be interesting i

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Li, Li, Yun-Long Wei, and Li-Wen Xu. "Organosilicon-Mediated Organic Synthesis (SiMOS): A Personal Account." Synlett 31, no. 01 (2019): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1691496.

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The organosilicon-mediated organic synthesis (SiMOS) has attracted much attention over the recent decades. However, the use of organosilicon reagents with novel catalytic strategies remains to be explored. This Account summarizes our group’s progress mainly based on the application of a wide variety of organosilicon reagents, including allylic silanes, trifluoromethyl silane, acylsilanes, chlorosilanes, hydrosilanes, trimethylsilyldiazomethane, trimethylsiloxyfuran, silanols, α-trimethylsilylmethylacetate, and trimethylsilylcyanide, in catalysis and organic reactions. These transformations wer

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Frauenrath, Herbert. "Vinyl Acetals and Related Compounds in Organic Synthesis." Synthesis 1989, no. 10 (1989): 721–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1989-27375.

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Kumar, Vijyendra, Titikshya Mohapatra, Sandeep Dharmadhikari, and Prabir Ghosh. "A Review Paper on Heterogeneous Fenton Catalyst: Types of Preparation, Modification Techniques, Factors Affecting the Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Wastewater Treatment." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, no. 1 (2019): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.1.4374.1-34.

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This comprehensive review focuses on the different factors, modification in the synthesis method, characterization and application of heterogeneous catalyst in the wastewater treatment based on the Fenton process. The present review highlights the different catalyst preparation methods like wet impregnation method, hydrothermal method, sol-gel method, precipitation method and their application to treat different recalcitrant organic chemicals. Major heterogeneous catalyst synthesis methods were discussed with their excellent workability. The importance of modification through physical and chem

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Smolobochkin, Andrey V., Almir S. Gazizov, Rakhymzhan A. Turmanov, Dinara S. Abdullaeva, Alexander R. Burilov, and Michail A. Pudovik. "N-Phosphorylated Pyrrolidines: An Overview of Synthetic Approaches." Synthesis 52, no. 15 (2020): 2162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690889.

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Organophosphorus pyrrolidine derivatives possessing P–N bonds are a promising yet underexplored class of compounds. In this short review we overview the general approaches to these compounds described so far, with a special emphasis on their asymmetric synthesis.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-Based P(III) Derivatives3 Synthesis of Pyrrolidine-Based P(V) Derivatives3.1 Phosphorylation of Pyrrolidines with P(V) Acid Chlorides3.2 Phosphorylation of Pyrrolidines with P(V) Acid Esters3.3 Syntheses via the Atherton–Todd Reaction3.4 Oxidation of Pyrrolidine-Based P(III) Derivatives4 Synthes

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Kadu, Brijesh S. "Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reaction: recent advancements in catalysis and organic synthesis." Catalysis Science & Technology 11, no. 4 (2021): 1186–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy02059a.

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Murarka, Sandip, and Andrey Antonchick. "Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Ketones and Ketone Enolates." Synthesis 50, no. 11 (2018): 2150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1609715.

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Recent years have witnessed a significant advancement in the field of radical oxidative coupling of ketones towards the synthesis of highly useful synthetic building blocks, such as 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds, and biologically important heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. Besides oxidative homo- and cross-coupling of enolates, other powerful methods involving direct C(sp3)–H functionalizations of ketones have emerged towards the synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds. Moreover, direct α-C–H functionalization of ketones has also allowed an efficient access to carbocycles and heterocycles. Thi

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Philkhana, Satish Chandra, Fatimat O. Badmus, Isaac C. Dos Reis, and Rendy Kartika. "Recent Advancements in Pyrrole Synthesis." Synthesis 53, no. 09 (2021): 1531–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1706713.

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AbstractThis review article features selected examples on the synthesis of functionalized pyrroles that were reported between 2014 and 2019. Pyrrole is an important nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle that can be found in numerous compounds of biological and material significance. Given its vast importance, pyrrole continues to be an attractive target for the development of new synthetic reactions. The contents of this article are organized by the starting materials, which can be broadly classified into four different types: substrates bearing π-systems, substrates bearing carbonyl and ot

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Bossmann, Stefan H., and Raul Neri. "Isoselenocyanates: Synthesis and Their Use for Preparing Selenium-Based Heterocycles." Synthesis 53, no. 12 (2021): 2015–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1370-2046.

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AbstractIsoselenocyanates (ISCs) are a class of organoselenium compounds that have been recognized as potential chemotherapeutic and chemopreventative agents against cancer(s) and infectious diseases. ISC compounds are chemically analogous to their isosteric relatives, isothiocyanates (ITCs); however, they possess increased biological activity, such as enhanced cytotoxicity against cancer cells. ISCs not only serve as significant products, but also as precursors and essential intermediates for a variety of organoselenium compounds, such as selenium-containing heterocycles, which are biological

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Petneházy, Imre, Zsuzsa M. Jászay, György Keglevich, Pál Tétényi, and László Tóke. "Synthesis of Organophosphorus Compounds Using Phase Transfer Catalysis." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 49-50, no. 1-4 (1990): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426509008038955.

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Nishiwaki, Nagatoshi, Masahiro Ariga, Keiko Yamashita, Mayumi Azuma, Tomoko Adachi, and Mina Tamura. "Novel Synthesis of Bihetaryl Compounds." Synthesis 2004, no. 12 (2004): 1996–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-829195.

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Singh, Keisham. "Recent Advances in C–H Bond Functionalization with Ruthenium-Based Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020173.

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The past decades have witnessed rapid development in organic synthesis via catalysis, particularly the reactions through C–H bond functionalization. Transition metals such as Pd, Rh and Ru constitute a crucial catalyst in these C–H bond functionalization reactions. This process is highly attractive not only because it saves reaction time and reduces waste,but also, more importantly, it allows the reaction to be performed in a highly region specific manner. Indeed, several organic compounds could be readily accessed via C–H bond functionalization with transition metals. In the recent past, trem

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Yamashita, Yasuhiro, Haruro Ishitani, and Shu Kobayashi. "Silver-catalyzed asymmetric amination of silyl enol ethers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 78, no. 6 (2000): 666–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-023.

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Catalytic amination of silyl enol ethers with azo diester compounds was investigated. It was shown that Cu(OTf)2 or AgOTf had high catalytic activity and that AgOTf was the most efficient among the catalysts tested in the reactions. In asymmetric reactions, the AgClO4-BINAP system showed high enantioselectivity. In a mixture of toluene or mesitylene and THF, silyl enol ethers reacted with dibenzyl azodicarboxylate (DBnAD) smoothly to afford the corresponding amination adducts in excellent yields with up to 86% ee.Key words: amination, amino acid, asymmetric synthesis, chiral catalyst, silver.

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Azzena, Ugo, Massimo Carraro, Gloria Modugno, Luisa Pisano, and Luigi Urtis. "Heterogeneous acidic catalysts for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols in green ethereal solvents." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 14 (July 3, 2018): 1655–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.14.141.

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The application of heterogeneous catalysis and green solvents to the set up of widely employed reactions is a challenge in contemporary organic chemistry. We applied such an approach to the synthesis and further conversion of tetrahydropyranyl ethers, an important class of compounds widely employed in multistep syntheses. Several alcohols and phenols were almost quantitatively converted into the corresponding tetrahydropyranyl ethers in cyclopentyl methyl ether or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran employing NH4HSO4 supported on SiO2 as a recyclable acidic catalyst. Easy work up of the reaction mixtures

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