Journal articles: 'Organic dyes'

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Singh, Tavneet K., Reese A. Grandy, Emma S. Dennis, Anja S. B. Schouten, and Bryan D. Koivisto. "Exploring Structure-Property Relationships in a Family of Ferrocene-Containing, Triphenylamine-Based Hybrid Organic Dyes." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2022): 6001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12126001.

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In this work, a new family of triphenylamine-based dyes equipped with ferrocene (Fc)-containing donors have been synthesized, characterized, and studied within dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). With the objective of designing a redox-robust iron-containing dye that effectively sensitizes titania, a family of five structurally related dyes containing ferrocene were prepared. The physicochemical properties of all dyestuffs were studied using UV-Vis and electrochemical measurements. Different cross-coupling strategies resulted in the ability to modestly tune the Fc/Fc+ redox potentials of the dye. Despite the Fc-containing dyes having optoelectronic properties consistent with the non-ferrocene parent dye, the performance of the dyes in devices was dismal and decreased with the number of appended ferrocenes. While this finding was consistent with previous attempts to explore Fc-TPA DSSC dyes, our spectroelectrochemical data supports the hypothesis that the ferrocene component of the dye is oxidized by the electrolyte, ultimately decreasing the dye’s ability to be a suitable sensitizer. While these dyes are not suitable for DSSC applications, they might find applications in other photo-induced integrated devices where charge recombination is minimal.

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Kuznetsov, Dmitry N., Konstantin I. Kobrakov, Anna G. Ruchkina, and Galina S. Stankevich. "BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DYES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017601.5423.

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For citation:Kuznetsov D.N., Kobrakov K.I., Ruchkina A.G., Stankevich G.S. Biologically active synthetic organic dyes. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 1. P. 4-33.This review is based on the publications found in CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) database available from STN (The Scientific and Technical Information Network) with respect to dyes, and the compounds that can be classified as the dyes molecular variants. The substances were categorised based on the dyes chromophore properties. Special care was taken to determine the “composition - property” profile within the range of structurally similar compounds. An extensive list of literature references is provided to support the review's subject, including the authors’ own studies on the synthesis, properties and applications of coloured biologically active compounds. The view covers the uses of coloured biologically active compounds as textile dyes and the uses in other industries such as medical, agricultural etc. The review is substantially focused on biocidal azo dyes for the reason of the great variety of possible diazo and azo components which are used for the synthesis of dyes to create an abundance of biocidal dyes with a wide scale of colors. Usage of dyes which add expressed biocidal properties to the coloured textile and other materials and make them resistent to physical and chemical agents is a subject of obvious practical interest, as this enables the combination of two manufacturing processes in one step: coloration and special chemical treatment. Moreover, as it appears from the review, biocidal dyes may be used as additives to the primary dye, without affecting the colour of the object being dyed, albeit in quantities sufficient to endow the required biocidal properties. As demonstated by the review, streamlined synthesis of textile dyes exhibiting biocidal properties, which are able to make a material resistent to biodeterioration or add medicinal properties to the material, is hard to accomplish due to the lack of profound understanding of the mode of action of such compounds. However, the available “composition - property” data and the computer-aided screening data of the biological activity of organic compounds allow us to model and synthesise target products with a high degree of confidence. The review doesn’t cover the properties of biocidal dyes derived from natural raw materials.

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Zhang, Guang Xian, Ling Zhong, Feng Xiu Zhang, Xu Ting Xue, Ming Lu, Hui Zheng, and Da Yang Wu. "Dyeing Acceleration Theory of Molecule Companion on Silk with Reactive Dyes." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.70.

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In this paper, a novel high efficient dyeing acceleration theory of molecule companion(DATMC) on silk with reactive dyes was invented and studied. Organic cations were used as accelerants to company reactive dyes to dye on silk, and the dyed silk was washed with anionic surfactant. The results showed that the dye-uptake rates were very high, nearly 100%. But if the carbon atom number of hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain of organic cation was equal to or more than 12, the organic cation would affect the fixation reaction of reactive dye on silk. On the contrary, if it was equal to or less than 8, the fixation reaction would be accelerated. The fixation rates were 98.10% and 98.48% with octyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(OTAB) and hexyl butyl dimethyl ammonium bromide(HBDAB) as accelerants, respectively. The fastnesses of dyed silk were 4-5, and the silk could be dyed uniformly if the accelerant was added in several times.

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Hosseinnezhad, Mozhgan. "A series of new organic sensitisers for dye-sensitised solar cells." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2015-0015.

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Purpose Dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted a great deal of interest. Dye molecules are key materials in DSSCs that produce electrons. This study reports on synthesis of the organic dyes and investigation their performance in DSSCs. Design/methodology/approach A series of new organic dyes were prepared using double rhodanine as the fundamental electron-acceptor group and aldehydes with varying substituents as the electron-donor groups. These dyes were first purified and then characterised by analytical techniques. DSSCs were fabricated to determine the photovoltaic behaviour and conversion efficiency of each individual dye. Findings Results demonstrated that all the dyes form j-type aggregates on the nano TiO2. All dyes in DSSC structure show suitable power conversion efficiency, and Dye 5 due to presence of OCH3 and OiPr presents maximum conversion efficiency. Practical implications In the search for high-efficiency organic dyes for DSSCs, development of new materials offering optimised photochemical stabilities as well as suitable optical and electrical properties is importance. Social implications Organic dyes as photosensitisers are interesting due to low cost, relatively facile dye synthesis and capability of easy molecular tailoring. Originality/value A series of new organic metal-free dyes were prepared as sensitisers for DSSCs for the first time.

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Li, Qianqian, Zhongxing Jiang, Jingui Qin, and Zhen Li. "Heterocyclic-Functionalized Organic Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Tuning Solar Cell Performance by Structural Modification." Australian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 9 (2012): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12126.

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Due to their high conversion efficiency and low cost of production, dye-sensitized solar cells based on organic dyes have attracted considerable attention. By utilizing various heterocycles as construction blocks for organic dyes, the performance of solar cells was optimized to exhibit good light-harvesting features and suppress interfacial recombinations. The aim of this review is to highlight recent progress in the molecular design of heterocyclic-functionalized organic dyes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells, and special attention has been paid to the relationship between chemical structure and the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on these dyes.

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Gharanjig, Kamaladin, and Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad. "Effect of substituents moiety in organic sensitiser based on carbazole on the performance of nanostructure dye-sensitised solar cells." Pigment & Resin Technology 44, no. 5 (September 7, 2015): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-09-2014-0077.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to prepare new organic dyes and use them as sensitisers in dye-sensitised solar cells. These dyes were synthesised and purified and then characterised by analytical techniques. Spectrophotometric evaluations of the prepared dyes were carried out in solution and on a nano-anatase TiO2 substrate to assess the possible changes in the status of the dyes in different environments. Finally, the photovoltaic properties were investigated in dye-sensitised solar cells. Design/methodology/approach – So as to synthesise dyes, N-substituents carbazole were utilised as the fundamental electron donor group and cyanoacrylic acid or acrylic acid as electron acceptor anchoring groups. Purified dyes were dissolved in solution and coated on TiO2 substrate. Finally, dye-sensitised solar cells were fabricated to determine the photovoltaic behaviour and conversion efficiency of each individual dye. Findings – The results showed that the dyes form j-type aggregates on the nano TiO2. The oxidation potential of synthesised carbazole dyes is > 0.2 V vs Fc/Fc+; hence, their high performance in dye-sensitised solar cells. Dye 3 exhibited 2.11 per cent of conversion efficiency in comparison to 2.89 per cent for the identical cells with Dye 9 containing cyanoacrylic acid which acted as the best acceptor group. Practical implications – The novel dyes look as promising as highly light fast, efficient dyes for dye-sensitised solar cells. Social implications – Organic dye provides low cost and less hazardous materials for dye-sensitised solar cells. Originality/value – A series of new organic dyes were synthesised as sensitisers for dye-sensitised solar cells for the first time.

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Wang, Guowei, and Hefa Cheng. "Application of Photocatalysis and Sonocatalysis for Treatment of Organic Dye Wastewater and the Synergistic Effect of Ultrasound and Light." Molecules 28, no. 9 (April 25, 2023): 3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093706.

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Organic dyes play vital roles in the textile industry, while the discharge of organic dye wastewater in the production and utilization of dyes has caused significant damage to the aquatic ecosystem. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of photocatalysis, sonocatalysis, and sonophotocatalysis in the treatment of organic dye wastewater and the recent advances in catalyst development, with a focus on the synergistic effect of ultrasound and light in the catalytic degradation of organic dyes. The performance of TiO2-based catalysts for organic dye degradation in photocatalytic, sonocatalytic, and sonophotocatalytic systems is compared. With significant synergistic effect of ultrasound and light, sonophotocatalysis generally performs much better than sonocatalysis or photocatalysis alone in pollutant degradation, yet it has a much higher energy requirement. Future research directions are proposed to expand the fundamental knowledge on the sonophotocatalysis process and to enhance its practical application in degrading organic dyes in wastewater.

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Yu, Yingjie, and Rencheng Tang. "Dyeing of Tussah Silk with Reactive Dyes: Dye Selection, Dyeing Conditions, Dye Fixation Characteristics, and Comparison with Mulberry Silk." Molecules 29, no. 5 (March 5, 2024): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29051151.

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Tussah silk is one of the most widely used wild silks. It is usually dyed with acid dyes, despite the shortcoming of poor wet fastness. Reactive dyeing is a good solution to this problem. In our work, sulfatoethylsulfone (SES), sulfatoethylsulfone/monochlorotriazine (SES/MCT), monochlorotriazine (MCT), and bis(monochlorotriazine) (Bis(MCT)) dyes were used to dye tussah silk. All of these dyes showed lower exhaustion and fixation on tussah silk than on mulberry silk under alkaline conditions. Among them, SES dyes were more applicable, with a fixation of 70–85% (at 4%owf dye) at 90 °C when using sodium bicarbonate as an alkali. SES dyes also showed a rapid fixation speed. The dyeing of tussah silk required lower sodium bicarbonate dosage, the use of more neutral electrolytes, and a higher dye quantity to achieve deep effects compared to mulberry silk. Dyed tussah silk displayed lower apparent color depth and brilliance than dyed mulberry silk. The neutral boiling dyeing of tussah silk with SES dyes exhibited higher exhaustion, higher fixation (82–92% at 4%owf dye), and a slower fixation speed compared with alkaline dyeing. Furthermore, in this dyeing method, SES dyes showed higher and more efficient fixation on tussah silk than on mulberry silk. All dyed tussah silk had excellent color fastness to soaping.

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Hardani, Hardani, Hendra Hendra, Muh Iman Darmawan, C. Cari, and Agus Supriyanto. "Fabrication of dye natural as a photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics 1, no. 1 (February 7, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jotap.v1i1.4704.

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<p class="Abstract">The purpose of this study was to obtain optical properties (absorption spectrum) and electrical properties (photoconductivity) of organic dyes in DSSC performance. optical and electrical properties were tested by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Elkahfi 1601 PC 100 / IV meter, respectively, while Keithley Type 2600A is used for the characterization of DSSC. This study is a great base to explore and investigate the development of DSSC solar cells using natural dyes (organic). Spectra optimal absorption and photoconductivity produced by natural dyes (organic). The results of this study indicate that the absorption spectrum of natural dyes (organic) in the range of 300-500 nm. electrical characteristics (I-V) of the increase in linear dye under illumination. I-V characteristics of DSSC from organically produced natural dyes to color the biggest-mangosteen obtained Voc of 565 mV; JSC = 1.52 A / m2; FF = 0.12; and η_ef is approximately 0.09%, respectively,. The conclusion of this study, natural dyes (organic) can be an attractive alternative as a dye.</p>

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Hardani, Hardani, Hendra Hendra, Muh Iman Darmawan, C. Cari, and Agus Supriyanto. "Fabrication of dye natural as a photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v1i1.4704.

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<p class="Abstract">The purpose of this study was to obtain optical properties (absorption spectrum) and electrical properties (photoconductivity) of organic dyes in DSSC performance. optical and electrical properties were tested by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and Elkahfi 1601 PC 100 / IV meter, respectively, while Keithley Type 2600A is used for the characterization of DSSC. This study is a great base to explore and investigate the development of DSSC solar cells using natural dyes (organic). Spectra optimal absorption and photoconductivity produced by natural dyes (organic). The results of this study indicate that the absorption spectrum of natural dyes (organic) in the range of 300-500 nm. electrical characteristics (I-V) of the increase in linear dye under illumination. I-V characteristics of DSSC from organically produced natural dyes to color the biggest-mangosteen obtained Voc of 565 mV; JSC = 1.52 A / m2; FF = 0.12; and η_ef is approximately 0.09%, respectively,. The conclusion of this study, natural dyes (organic) can be an attractive alternative as a dye.</p>

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PAKHOLIUK, OLENA, IRINA MARTIROSYAN, VIRA LUBENETS, and OKSANA PEREDRII. "INFLUENCE OF “COLD” DYEING TECHNOLOGY ON FABRIC CHARACTERISTICS." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 7-8 (August 30, 2021): 911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.77.

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"The current work presents a comparative analysis of the colour fastness against repeated washing of cellulose-containing fabrics dyed by “cold” and classical technologies, using different types of active dyes, at various concentrations in the dye bath. Mathematical models have been proposed to describe the determined dependencies. The study uses Reakol dyes – a trademark of bifunctional active dyes manufactured by Khimtex (Kherson), which can be used for “cold” resource-saving dying technologies. The studied active dyes are characterized by a wide colour spectrum, good solubility, colour purity and high resistance of colours to wet treatments. The study has found that increasing the concentration of Reakol dyes in the dye bath, from 10 to 30 g/L, as a rule, had no significant influence on the colour fastness of fabrics to repeated washing. However, the colour intensity on the fibre significantly rose when increasing the dye concentration in the dye bath. It was determined that, when using the “cold” dyeing technology, sweeping changes in the general colour contrast and residual concentration of the dye on the fibre occurred after the first 5 washes. The changes in these indicators somewhat stabilized after the following 10-20 washes. However, a proportional relationship between the variation in the general colour contrast and a decrease in the dye colour intensity on the fibre after the corresponding number of washes of the studied fabrics was not detected. "

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Hong, Seong Gyun, Byeong M. Oh, Jong H. Kim, and Jea Uk Lee. "Textile-Based Adsorption Sensor via Mixed Solvent Dyeing with Aggregation-Induced Emission Dyes." Materials 17, no. 8 (April 11, 2024): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17081745.

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This study demonstrates a novel methodology for developing a textile-based adsorption sensor via mixed solvent dyeing with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) dyes on recycled fabrics. AIE dyes were incorporated into the fabrics using a mixed solvent dyeing method with a co-solvent mixture of H2O and organic solvents. This method imparted unique fluorescence properties to fabrics, altering fluorescence intensity or wavelength based on whether the AIE dye molecules were in an isolated or aggregated state on the fabrics. The precise control of the H2O fraction to organic solvent during dyeing was crucial for influencing fluorescence intensity and sensing characteristics. These dyed fabrics exhibited reactive thermochromic and vaporchromic properties, with changes in fluorescence intensity corresponding to variations in temperature and exposure to volatile organic solvents (VOCs). Their superior characteristics, including a repetitive fluorescence switching property and resistance to photo-bleaching, enhance their practicality across various applications. Consequently, the smart fabrics dyed with AIE dye not only find applications in clothing and fashion design but demonstrate versatility in various fields, extending to sensing temperature, humidity, and hazardous chemicals.

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Śmigiel-Kamińska, Daria, Jolanta Wąs-Gubała, Piotr Stepnowski, and Jolanta Kumirska. "The Identification of Cotton Fibers Dyed with Reactive Dyes for Forensic Purposes." Molecules 25, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 5435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225435.

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Some of the most common microtraces that are currently collected at crime scenes are fragments of single fibers. The perpetrator leaves them at a crime scene or takes them away, for example, on their clothing or body. In turn, the microscopic dimensions of such traces mean that the perpetrator does not notice them and therefore usually does not take action to remove them. Cotton and polyester fibers dyed by reactive and dispersion dyes, respectively, are very popular within clothing products, and they are hidden among microtraces at the scene of a crime. In our recently published review paper, we summarized the possibilities for the identification of disperse dyes of polyester fibers for forensic purposes. In this review, we are concerned with cotton fibers dyed with reactive dyes. Cotton fibers are natural ones that cannot easily be distinguished on the basis of morphological features. Consequently, their color and consequently the dye composition are often their only characteristics. The presented methods for the identification of reactive dyes could be very interesting not only for forensic laboratories, but also for scientists working in food, cosmetics or pharmaceutical/medical sciences.

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VERMA, MONA, SAROJ S. JEET SINGH, and NEELAM M. ROSE. "OPTIMIZATION OF REACTIVE DYEING PROCESS FOR CHITOSAN TREATED COTTON FABRIC." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2022): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.16.

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The colour of textiles plays an important role in the marketability of fabrics, due to its psychological and eye-catching effects on consumers. Synthetic dyes are widely used in the textiles industry due to their ability to reproduce different colours and shades, easy application method and huge production to fulfill the demands of ever-increasing population. Reactive dyes are most commonly used for cotton fabric, due to their brilliant colours and good washing fastness. However, the major problem with reactive dyes is that they consume huge amounts of alkali or salts as mordant for the fixation of dyes on cotton fabric. Most of the commercial dyeing units and textile export houses have started seeking possibilities to use safe synthetic dyes for dyeing different textiles for targeting the niche market. For that purpose, appropriate standardized scientific dyeing techniques and procedures need to be adopted. In the present study, the use of chitosan as mordant, instead of alkali or salt, was investigated for dyeing cotton fabric with reactive red dye, and the dyeing variables were optimized to attain the maximum colour strength value. The results of study showed that higher percent dye absorption (78.90%), colour strength (18.72) and good wash fastness rating (4/5) were achieved for the chitosan treated dyed fabric, compared to the alkali treated dyed sample (68.36% and 13.03, respectively).

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Khan, Mahfoozurrahman, Syed Wazed Ali, Mohammad Shahadat, and Suresh Sagadevan. "Applications of polyaniline-impregnated silica gel-based nanocomposites in wastewater treatment as an efficient adsorbent of some important organic dyes." Green Processing and Synthesis 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0063.

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Abstract Due to a recent lack of clean water as a result of an increasing water demand, new wastewater solutions are required. Many researchers have looked into the removal of organic dyes from wastewater, with adsorption being an easy and effective method for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from contaminated water. Conjugated modified polymers, primarily polyaniline (Pani), have been widely used in the wastewater treatment because of their unique properties, such as easy synthesis, tunable morphology, porous structure, good electrorheological property, biodegradability, and nontoxic nature. Modified surface polymers are more reactive for the removal of dyes from wastewater and have outstanding dye removal capabilities in the wastewater treatment. This review article elaborates on wastewater treatment by utilizing silica gel-impregnated polyaniline nanocomposites as adsorbents. The use of polyaniline-modified silica gel in dye migration behavior to the most suited system for the resolution of co-existing dyes is referred to as the separation of organic dyes from their mixtures. Adsorption of important organic dyes to optimize conditions for efficient organic dye removal and comparison with another commercially available adsorbent. Chemical modification with the introduction of acidic or basic surface functionality could increase cationic and anionic chemical adsorption, as well as charged organic species such as dyes. The carrier is thus obtained with a chelating reagent on the surface of a silica gel after impregnation with polyaniline.

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Jinchu, I., C. O. Sreekala, and K. S. Sreelatha. "Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Natural Dyes as Chromophores - Review." Materials Science Forum 771 (October 2013): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.771.39.

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The molecular dye is an essential component of the Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), and improvements in efficiency over the last 15 years have been achieved by tailoring the optoelectronic properties of the dye. The most successful dyes are based on ruthenium bipyridyl compounds, which are characterized by a large absorption coefficient in the visible part of the solar spectrum, good adsorption properties, excellent stability, and efficient electron injection. However, ruthenium-based compounds are relatively expensive, and organic dyes with similar characteristics and even higher absorption coefficients have recently been reported; solar cells with efficiencies of up to 9% have been reported. Organic dyes with a higher absorption coefficient could translate into thinner nanostructured metal oxide films, which would be advantageous for charge transport both in the metal oxide and in the permeating phase, allowing for the use of higher viscosity materials such as ionic liquids, solid electrolytes or hole conductors. Organic dyes used in the DSSC often bear a resemblance to dyes found in plants, fruits, and other natural products, and several dye-sensitized solar cells with natural dyes have been reported. This paper gives an over-view of the recent works in DSSC using the natural dyes as chromophores.

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Zdyb, Agata, and Ewelina Krawczak. "Organic Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Featuring Back Reflector." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 4, 2021): 5529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175529.

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Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using a photoelectrode covered by a porous layer of titanium dioxide, platinum counter electrode, iodide/triiodide electrolyte and three different dyes: phenylfluorone (PF), pyrocatechol violet (PCV) and alizarin (AL). After the adsorption of the dyes on the mesoporous TiO2 layer, the measurement of absorption spectra of all the tested dyes revealed a significant broadening of the absorption range. The positions of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest occupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of dye molecules were determined, indicating that all three dyes are good candidates for light harvesters in DSSCs. The cells were tested under simulated solar light, and their working parameters were determined. The results showed that the implementation of the back reflector layer made of BaSO4 provided an improvement in the cell efficiency of up to 17.9% for phenylfluorone, 60% for pyrocatechol violet and 21.4% for alizarin dye.

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Gomesh, Nair, Z. M. Arief, Syafinar Ramli, M. Irwanto, Y. M. Irwan, M. R. Mamat, U. Hashim, and N. Mariun. "Performance Comparison between Dyes on Single Layered TiO₂ Dye Sensitized Solar Cell." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.78.

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Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is another kind of solar cell from the third generation that forms a photovoltaic. DSSC is designed to reduce cost from usage of expensive material in conventional solar panels. The purpose of this project is to fabricate and compare dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) by using organic dye from blueberry and blue dye from chemical substances. The DSSC is fabricated using ‘Doctor Blade’ method. Results are based on investigating the electrical performance and characteristic of the fabricated TiO2 solar cell based on these comparisons of dyes in order to investigate the potential of organic dyes as a light absorbing mechanism. The required data that is investigated are the open circuit voltage, Voc, short circuit current, Isc, fill factors, solar cells efficiency and UV absorption. Result shows good potential in the blueberry dyes as a sensitizer but further investigation is needed in order to fully understand the characteristic of these organic dyes.

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RIAZ, BAIG, HUSSAIN DILSHAD, NAJAM-UL-HAQ MUHAMMAD, ABDUL WAQAR RAJPUT, and AMJAD RANA. "Eco-friendly route for dyeing of cotton fabric using three organic mordants in reactive dyes." Industria Textila 70, no. 01 (March 1, 2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.070.01.1532.

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The textile dyes and fixing agents that used in dyeing process are major contributor to environmental pollution. In the present study, three different organic mordants (Sodium Citrate, Ammonium Acetate, and Potassium Acetate) are used in exhaust dyeing as mordants. Effect of mordant concentrations is studied on fastness properties (color change, rubbing fastness & light fastness) of cotton dyed with reactive dyes using these organic mordants. Comparison of these mordants with conventional fixing agent (NaCl) is also studied in order to evaluate the difference between fastness properties of conventional and organic salts used in this study. We found that the color fastness properties of conventional and organic salts are comparable, better in case of sodium citrate. Similarly color depth on fabric after dyeing with organic as well as inorganic salts is measured using data color. Results confirm that higher values of K/S are obtained for organic salts by using lower organic salt concentration compared to conventional salt. Reduction in total dissolved solids (TDS) of dye effluents is obtained from 6% to 29% for three organic salts as compared to conventional salt.

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Zou, Dan-Hong, Li-Na Cui, Pei-Yi Liu, Shen Yang, Qin-Yu Zhu, and Jie Dai. "Triphenylamine derived titanium oxo clusters: an approach to effective organic–inorganic hybrid dyes for photoactive electrodes." Chemical Communications 54, no. 71 (2018): 9933–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc05441j.

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Titanium oxo clusters (TOCs) anchored with photoactive triphenylamine dyes are reported for the first time. They are unusual TOCs modified with real applied dyes. Using these TPA dye pre-anchored TOCs as organic–inorganic hybrid dyes has advantages for DSSC applications.

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Mungmeechai, T., Suesat Jantip, and P. Suwanruji. "Study of the Relationships between the Chemical Structures of Azo Disperse Dyes and their Dyeing Properties on Polyester." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.332.

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A series of azo disperse dyes was synthesized using 4-nitro aniline and 2-chloro-4-nitro aniline as diazo components. The coupling components were N,N-diethyl aniline, N,N-bis-β-hydroxyethyl aniline, N,N-bis-β-acetoxyethyl aniline, N,N-diethyl-m-toluidine, N,N-bis-β-hydroxyethyl-m-toluidine and N,N-bis-β-acetoxyethyl-m-toluidine. The structures of the synthesized dyes were confirmed by TLC, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic properties of the dyes when dissolved in the organic solvents viz. ethyl acetate and methyl benzoate, were investigated. The absorption spectra of the dyes showed a bathochromic shift when the polarity of the solvents increased. In addition, the substituent groups on the dye structures influenced the spectroscopic properties of the dyes. The dyeing properties of the dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(lactic acid) fabrics were also studied. The dyes exhibited a slight difference in shade on the two polyester fabrics. Heat and light fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were also examined.

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Lech, Katarzyna, and Emilia Fornal. "A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach for Characterization of Red, Blue, and Purple Natural Dyes." Molecules 25, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): 3223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25143223.

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Effective analytical approaches for the identification of natural dyes in historical textiles are mainly based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with spectrophotometric detection and tandem mass spectrometric detection with electrospray ionization (HPLC-UV-Vis-ESI MS/MS). Due to the wide variety of dyes, the developed method should include an adequate number of reference color compounds, but not all of them are commercially available. Thus, the present study was focused on extending of the universal analytical HPLC-UV-Vis-ESI MS/MS approach to commercially unavailable markers of red, purple, and blue dyes. In the present study, HPLC-UV-Vis-ESI MS/MS was used to characterize the colorants in ten natural dyes (American cochineal, brazilwood, indigo, kermes, lac dye, logwood, madder, orchil, Polish cochineal, and sandalwood) and, hence, to extend the analytical method for the identification of natural dyes used in historical objects to new compounds. Dye markers were identified mostly on the basis of triple quadrupole MS/MS spectra. In consequence, the HPLC-UV-Vis-ESI MS/MS method with dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) was extended to the next 49 commercially unavailable colorants (anthraquinones and flavonoids) in negative ion mode and to 11 (indigoids and orceins) in positive ion mode. These include protosappanin B, protosappanin E, erythrolaccin, deoxyerythrolaccin, nordamnacanthal, lucidin, santalin A, santalin B, santarubin A, and many others. Moreover, high-resolution QToF MS data led to the establishment of the complex fragmentation pathways of α-, β-, and γ- aminoorceins, hydroxyorceins, and aminoorceinimines extracted from wool dyed with Roccella tinctoria DC. The developed approach has been tested in the identification of natural dyes used in 223 red, purple, and blue fibers from 15th- to 17th-century silk textiles. These European and Near Eastern textiles have been used in vestments from the collections of twenty Krakow churches.

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Pan, Yun Fang. "Using Natural Dyes to Prepare Nanoporous TiO₂ Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2079.

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Dye-sensitized solar cell has been attracting considerable attention all over the world. In this article, natural dyes were used to prepare nanoporous Tio2 dye-sensitized solar cell. The nature dyes can be extracted easily and then employed in the solar cell to reduce material cost. At the same times, the dyes were non-toxic, environmentally friendly and fully biodegradable. Black rice, curcuma and red cabbage were used to prepare the organic natural dyes. The best dyes obtained from red cabbage as chlorophyll dyes that have the efficiency of energy conversion 0.05%.

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Cao, Zhen Yu, Feng Zhao, and Xi Yan Li. "Applications of Dyes in Material Science Research." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1451.

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Dyes are colored organic compounds that are used to pigment fiber or other materials. Dyes are mainly calssified into natural and synthetic dyes in terms of the origin. Natural dyes include animal dyes, plant dyes and mineral dyes with such defects as incomplete chromatogram, inconvenient use and color fading, and thus have been gradually eliminated. In 1856, the 18-year-old young British scientist Perkin successfully invented the world's first synthetic dyes. He built his own factory and industrialized synthetic dye production. Over 100 years since then, dye industry has undergone rapid development, and by 2001 synthetic dyes already have been up to nearly 10,000 varieties. In 2004, the output of total dyes in the world has reached 900,000 tons. Synthetic dyes are used comprehensively, not only to dye synthetic fibers, but also natural fibesr, fur, leather and man-made fibers.

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Hosseinnezhad, Mozhgan, and Hanieh Shaki. "Investigation of photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized solar cells based on azo dyes contain various anchoring groups." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2019-0033.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the substituent effect in dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSCs) performance. For this end, three new metal organic dyes with DPA structure were synthesized. For investigation of the substituent effect, two different anchoring groups, namely, 1,3-dioxo-1Hbenz[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)benzenesulfonamides and 1,8-naphthalimide, were used. Design/methodology/approach Three organic dyes based on azo were selected, which contain various electron donor groups. Absorption properties of purified dyes were studied in solution and on photoelectrode (TiO2 and ZnO) substrate. DSSCs were prepared to determine the photovoltaic performance of each photosensitizer. Findings The results showed that all organic dyes form J-aggregation on the photoanode substrate. Cyclic voltammetry results for all organic dyes ensured an energetically permissible and thermodynamically favorable charge transfer throughout the continuous cycle of photo-electric conversion. The results illustrate conversion efficiencies of cells based on solution Dyes 1, 2 and 3 and TiO2 as 3.44, 4.71 and 4.82 per cent, respectively. The conversion efficiencies of cells based on solution Dye 1, 2 and 3 and ZnO are 3.21, 4.09 and 4.14 per cent, respectively. Practical implications In this study, the development of effect of assembling materials, offering improved photovoltaic properties. Social implications Organic dye attracts more and more attention because of its low-cost, facile route synthesis and less-hazardous properties. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the effect of anchoring agent and nanostructure on DSSCs performance was investigated for the first time.

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Yang, Zhenqing, Changjin Shao, and Dapeng Cao. "Screening donor groups of organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 29 (2015): 22892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra17261b.

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Based on an experimentally synthesized dye D5 (also named d01 here), we designed and screened a series of dyes d02–d12 with different electron donors, and recommended several high performance dyes for DSSCs.

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Kohl, Miroslav, Fouzy Alafid, Karolína Boštíková, Marek Bouška, Anna Krejčová, Jan Svoboda, Stanislav Slang, et al. "New Azo Dyes-Based Mg Complex Pigments for Optimizing the Anti-Corrosion Efficiency of Zinc-Pigmented Epoxy Ester Organic Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 7 (July 20, 2023): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13071276.

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This work addresses the possibilities of using synthesized novel magnesium complex dyes in zinc pigmented organic coatings based on epoxyester resin to reduce the zinc content in these coatings while maintaining or increasing the anticorrosive efficiency of them. The magnesium complexes Mg-Dye-I (C34H26MgN8O6), Mg-Dye-II (C26H19MgN3O5), Mg-Dye-III (C17H10MgN2O3), and Mg-Dye-IV (C25H18MgN4O6) with a series of azo carboxylate ligands were prepared from the diazo-coupling reaction of anthranilic acid with 5-methyl-2-phenyl-3-pyrazolone (Dye I; C17H14N4O3), anthranilic acid with naphthol AS-PH (Dye II; C26H21N3O5), anthranilic acid with 2-naphthol (Dye III; C17H12N2O3), and 2-amino-5-nitrophenol with naphthol AS-PH (Dye IV; C25H20N4O6). The synthesized novel magnesium complex dyes were characterized by analytical methods. Model coatings containing these dyes at pigment volume concentrations (PVCs) = 1, 3, 5 and 10% and zinc at a ratio of pigment volume concentration/critical pigment volume concentration (PVC/CPVC) = 0.60 were formulated to study the inhibitory properties of the individual synthesized magnesium complex dyes. Model coatings containing inorganic pigments (MgO and Ca-Mg-HPO4) at PVCs = 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% and zinc at PVC/CPVC = 0.60 were also formulated. The coating pigmented only by zinc at PVC/CPVC = 0.60 was prepared as a standard organic coating. Corrosion resistance was also evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization studies and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The properties of organic coatings were also tested using other standardized and derived corrosion tests. In addition, the mechanical properties of the studied organic coatings were determined using standard tests. The aim of the work was to verify the possible synergistic efficiency of novel magnesium complex dyes by improving the mechanical, anti-corrosion, and chemical properties of zinc pigmented organic coatings.

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Rusmini, Rusmini, Dwinita Aquastin, Riama Rita Manullang, and Daryono Daryono. "Tingkat Kesukaan Konsumen Terhadap Serat Kenaf Organik dengan Pewarna Alami." Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan 19, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v19i1.1398.

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Production of kenaf fiber for industry mostly uses chemical fertilizers with synthetic dyes that will also cause health and environmental problems and adversely affect all life forms. Increased health and environmental concern make organic kenaf fiber production with natural dyes highly recommended for both handicrafts and for industrial scale because natural fertilizers and dyes are non-toxic, decomposable, and environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of consumer preference to organic kenaf fiber with natural dyes. The study used a two-factor group randomized design with the first factor of organic kenaf fiber and a second factor of natural dye consisting of 3 levels. The research was repeated as many as 2 replications so that there were 6 experimental units. Variables observed by consumer's level of craft product from organic kenaf fiber with natural dye covering color, texture and odor tested. This test is done by Hedonic Test method, using questionnaire with untrained panelist (consumer) as many as 40 people with data obtained based on a panelist response using a hedonic scale was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that there was no significant difference in consumer preferences for the color, texture and odor of organic kenaf fiber with various natural dyes.

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Gaidelis, Valentas, Egidijus Kamarauskas, Tadas Malinauskas, Vytautas Getautis, Robert Send, Henrike Wonneberger, and Ingmar Bruder. "Relationship between measurement conditions and energy levels in the organic dyes used in dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 101 (2015): 82859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra14030g.

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The energy levels of new metal-free organic dyes for DSSC have been investigated by the photoemission in air, UV-Vis absorption and CV methods in the solutions of the dye molecules, in films of the dyes and in the dyes adsorbed on nanoporous TiO₂.

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Ouared, Ihssène, Mâammar Rekhis, and Mohamed Trari. "Theoretical Study of Phenothiazine Organic Dyes with Different Spacers for Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells." Australian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 4 (2019): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch18449.

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In this paper, six organic dyes have been studied by density functional theory (DFT). The electron-acceptor group is the cyanoacrylic acid unit for all sensitisers, and the electron-donor unit is a phenothiazine (PTZ) fragment substituted by an ethynyl-pyrene unit; the π-linker was varied, and the influence was investigated. The dye bearing the divinylthiophene linker showed the highest absorption maximum. The theoretical photovoltaic properties revealed that the overall efficiency of the solar cell could be remarkably improved using the designed dyes. The results indicated that all of the studied organic dyes are good candidates as photosensitisers for dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs).

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DHARMANSHU, DHARMANSHU, ANKIT SINGH, MADHAV SAINI, and JAVED SHEIKH. "UTILISATION OF CONICAL PRICKLES OF BOMBAX CEIBA BARK FOR MULTIFUNCTIONAL MOSQUITO REPELLENT COLOURATION OF COTTON." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 57, no. 1-2 (February 28, 2023): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2023.57.18.

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"The development of novel routes for the production of functional textiles is an urgent need. Natural dyes are a safe and sustainable choice for the colouration of textiles. To achieve the colouration of textiles with natural dyes, mordanting methods have been highly explored; the present work targets the functional natural dyeing of cotton by the in-situ development of azoic dye. The paper discusses a new application approach of a novel natural dye (derived from conical prickles of Bombax ceiba bark) to cotton using mosquito repellent ethyl anthranilate. The dye obtained from the extract of Bombax ceiba bark conical prickles (CPBCE) was further converted into azoic dye by reacting it with diazotised ethyl anthranilate. The developed coloured cotton fabric was endowed with mosquito repellence, antibacterial action, and UV protection. The colouration properties and fastness of dyed samples were examined using standard methods. Moreover, the dyed samples were also characterised using TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis. Thus, 100% mosquito repellent properties, good antibacterial protection, and excellent UV protection were imparted to cotton."

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Chuaicham, Chitiphon, Radheshyam Pawar, and Keiko Sasaki. "Dye-sensitized Photocatalyst of Sepiolite for Organic Dye Degradation." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030235.

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The photocatalytic activity of sepiolite was examined for degradation of several dye compounds under visible light irradiation. Higher adsorption capacities and greater photocatalytic performance of cationic dyes (rhodamine B and methylene blue) were observed on sepiolite, in comparison with anionic dyes (orange II and trypan blue). Superiority in the photocatalytic activity of cationic dyes is attributed to the strong electrostatic attraction and photosensitization properties of cationic dye molecules. Sepiolite has degraded 45.3% rhodamine B within 120 min, which is the greatest photocatalytic degradation efficiency when compared with other dyes. Subsequently, the reusability of spent sepiolite after adsorption of rhodamine B was evaluated by the degradation of trypan blue under the visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation performance of trypan blue by spent sepiolite after adsorption of rhodamine B increased about twice as much as with pristine sepiolite, indicating that the dye-sensitized photocatalytic process could enhance the photocatalytic degradation ability of sepiolite. Through radical scavenger tests, it was found that a superoxide radical is mainly responsible for rhodamine B degradation. The possible mechanism of rhodamine B degradation under visible light irradiation was proposed. The sepiolite could be a potential catalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater under solar light.

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Nadir, Najiah, Zaharah Wahid, Amir Akramin Shafie, Farah B. Ahmad, and Mat Tamizi Zainuddin. "Investigating Photochromic Behavior of Organic Dyes in Solution Form using Multilevel Factorial Design." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 16, no. 2 (April 5, 2021): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.16.2.10496.353-365.

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Photochromic compounds, namely spiropyran, spirooxazine, and naphthopyran, have received much attention, because of their high potential applications in various industrial fields. The aim of this study is to understand the behavior of three photochromic dyes in solution form via statistical approach. The types of dyes and solvents were screened using multilevel factorial design. From the analysis of variance results, it was found that the types of dyes and solvents used as well as their interaction have significant effects on the absorbance and photostability. The naphthopyran compound displayed highest change in absorbance intensity, followed by spiropyran and spirooxazine, when dissolved in isopropanol separately. However, the spirooxazine is the most photostable dye compared to naphthopyran and spiropyran, with ethanol as the solvent. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Harpreet, Kaur, Kaur Harpreet, Vandana Kamboj, and Vandana Kamboj. "Bioremediation of organic dyes using combination of plants ash." Foods and Raw Materials 7, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2019-1-240-246.

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Water is the most crucial thing to mankind and so its contamination by various agencies is posing a threat to the natural balance. So, in the present work, the efficiency of various adsorbents derived from plant waste, to remove different dyes from aqueous solution was evaluated. Parameters for study were contact time, concentration and pH. Various combinations of plant ashes were used for the study. It was found that adsorbent prepared from the combination of orange peels, pomegranate and banana peels ashes, exhibited good adsorption capacity for methylene blue, congo red and crystal violet. All these dyes were completely removed from the aqueous solution while methyl orange was not removed. Congo red was removed completely within 40 min of contact with the adsorbent while methyl orange took 3 hrs to be removed to the extent of 48% only. The adsorption coefficient of congo red was found to be 2.33 while value for methylene blue and crystal violet was 1 and 1.66 respectively. The characterization of adsorbent was done by Scanning Electron Microscopy and IR spectroscopy. SEM image revealed the surface of adsorbent to be made of differential pores. From the results it became evident that the low-cost adsorbent could be used as a replacement for costly traditional methods of removing colorants from water.

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Chauhan, Ratna, Reena Kushwaha, and Lal Bahadur. "Study of Light Harvesting Properties of Different Classes of Metal-Free Organic Dyes in TiO2Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Journal of Energy 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/517574.

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In dye-sensitized solar cells, the photosensitization of TiO2thin film semiconductor was accomplished by using different classes of metal-free (fluorone, triarymethane, azo and thiazine based) organic dyes as photosensitizer. The broad electronic absorption spectra of these dyes have been obtained in the visible region due to the presence of chromophoric groups in these dyes. The contribution of these dyes as light harvesting species is seen from the photocurrent action spectrum of the cell. Here, we report the sensitization activity of these dyes in terms of current-potential curve, open-circuit potential, fill factor, IPCE, and overall solar energy conversion efficiency which have been evaluated under 100 mW/cm2light intensity. The results suggest that dyes based on fluorone and azo groups are promising candidates for high performance, dye-sensitized solar cells because of better anchoring groups (–COOH, –OH, and –SO3-) present in these dyes. Better anchorage of dyes to the surface of TiO2semiconductor helps in charge transfer phenomenon.

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Mohammed, M. I., Adnan A. Abdul Razak, and Dhiyaa A. Hussein Al-Timimi. "Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Treatment of Some Organic Dyes in Wastewater." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/201052.

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In Iraq, a large quantity of basic orange and methyl violet dyes contaminated wastewater from textile industries is discharged into Tigris River. So the aim of this work is to found an efficient and fast technique that can be applied directly for removal of such dyes from the wastewater before discharging into river. Accordingly, CNTs as a new approach prepared by CCVD technique were purified, functionalized, and used as adsorption material to remove dyes from wastewater. The effect of pH, contact time, CNTs dosage, and dyes concentration on removal of pollutants was studied. The removal percentage of both dyes was proportional to the contact time, CNTs dosage, and pH and inversely proportional to the dyes concentration. The results show that the equilibrium time was 20 and 30 min for basic orange and methyl violet dyes, respectively, and the maximum removal percentage for all dyes concentrations was at pH = 8.5 and CNTs dosage of 0.25 g/L and 0.3 g/L for methyl violet and basic orange dye, respectively. The adsorption isotherm shows that the correlation coefficient of Freundlich model was higher than Langmuir model for both dyes, indicating that the Freundlich model is more appropriate to describe the adsorption characteristics of organic pollutants.

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Tara, Nusrat, Sharf Ilahi Siddiqui, Geetanjali Rathi, Saif Ali Chaudhry, Inamuddin, and Abdullah M. Asiri. "Nano-engineered Adsorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Water: A Review." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 14–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411015666190117124344.

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Background: The huge quantity of wastewater, containing poisonous and hazardous dyes, is released by various industries which pollute water in direct and indirect ways. Most of the dyes are a dangerous class of water contaminants which have affected the environment drastically. Some dyes such as congo red, rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl violet, and crystal violet are a serious threat to human beings. Remediation Method: Numerous methods are available for the removal of dyes from water. Adsorption, being a superior and eco-friendly technique, has advantage of eliminating organic dyes because of the availability of materials as adsorbents. The inexpensive nanomaterials are a more attractive choice for remediation of various dyes due to their unique properties and offer an adequate pathway to adsorb any organic dye from water to overcome its hazardous effects on human health. Results: In this review, we have discussed the latest literature related to various types of synthesis, characterization and uses as adsorbent for highly adsorptive removal capacity of nanoparticles for organic dyes. Conclusion: Adsorption technology provides an attractive pathway for further research and improvement in more efficient nanoparticles, with higher adsorption capacity, for numerous dyes to eliminate the dyes discharged from various industries and thus reduce the contamination of water. Therefore, nanocomposites may contribute to future prospective water treatment process.

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Bechtold, Thomas, Noemí Aguiló-Aguayo, and Tung Pham. "Cyclic Voltammetry of C.I. Disperse Orange 62 in an Aqueous Electrolyte." Materials 16, no. 21 (October 27, 2023): 6901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16216901.

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Disperse dyes are an important group of colorants for dyeing polyester fibers. Approximately 30.000 tons of disperse dyes are released into the waste water annually from spent dyebaths. Therefore, methods for decolorizing such dyes are of general interest. The reductive after-treatment of disperse dyes using reducing agents, such as Na2S2O4, is a widely used process to improve rub fastness through dye reduction. Electrochemical dye reduction could be an alternative process for reductive dye treatment. In this work C.I. Disperse Orange 62 was used as a representative dye to study the direct cathodic reduction of a disperse dye with cyclic voltammetry. As anticipated for dispersed organic matter, relatively low current densities were observed, which strongly depend on the state of dispersion of the dye. The current density was increased by using dispersions prepared through dye precipitation from DMF solution and by the use of N-cetyl-N,N,N,-trimethyl-ammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant. The results demonstrate the successful cathodic reduction of a dispersed organic dye; however, the low solubility of the reaction products in the aqueous electrolyte hinders an efficient cathodic dye reduction.

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Zhu, Wenqing, Zongcheng Miao, Yaqin Chu, Liaoliao Li, Lei Wang, and Dong Wang. "Photoacoustic Effect of Near-Infrared Absorbing Organic Molecules via Click Chemistry." Molecules 27, no. 7 (April 4, 2022): 2329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072329.

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Near-infrared dyes were developed to be contrast agents due to their ability to improve the productivity of photoacoustic (PA) imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) treatments. During the article, we described in detail the PA and PT effects of a category of organic molecules. F4-TCNQ could potentially cause a red-shift in the peak PA intensity. The results show that the PTT intensity of the near-infrared dyes with phenyl groups were higher than near-infrared dyes with thiophene groups. We also investigated the photodynamic treatment effect of C1b to demonstrate that these dyes are highly desirable in biochemistry. The high photoacoustic intensity of the organic molecules and the good yield of reactive oxygen species could indicate that these dyes have good potential for a wide range of imaging applications. Finally, we embedded the dye (C1b) in a liposomal hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer (C1b⊂L) to facilitate the application of hydrophobic dyes in biomedical applications, which can be absorbed by cells with good compatible and high stability for the imaging of cellular PA.

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Šafařík, Ivo, Miroslava Šafaříková, and Vlasta Buřičová. "Sorption of Water Soluble Organic Dyes on Magnetic Poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 60, no. 9 (1995): 1448–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19951448.

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Magnetic composite based on poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) (PODMP) was prepared by melting the polymer with ε-caprolactam in a presence of fine magnetite particles. Magnetic PODMP was used for sorption of water soluble organic compounds (dyes belonging to triphenylmethane, heteropolycyclic and azo dye groups) from water solutions. There were considerable differences in the binding of the dyes tested. In general, heteropolycyclic dyes exhibited the lowest sorption.

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Lai, Chin Wei, Joon Ching Juan, Weon Bae Ko, and Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid. "An Overview: Recent Development of Titanium Oxide Nanotubes as Photocatalyst for Dye Degradation." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/524135.

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Today, organic dyes are one of the largest groups of pollutants release into environment especially from textile industry. It is highly toxic and hazardous to the living organism; thus, the removal of these dyes prior to discharge into the environment is essential. Varieties of techniques have been employed to degrade organic dyes and heterogeneous photocatalysis involving titanium dioxide (TiO2) appears to be the most promising technology. In recent years, TiO2nanotubes have attracted much attention due to their high surface area and extraordinary characteristics. This paper presents a critical review of recent achievements in the modification of TiO2nanotubes for dye degradation. The photocatalytic activity on dye degradation can be further enhanced by doping with cationic or anionic dopant.

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Franchi, Daniele, Massimo Calamante, Carmen Coppola, Alessandro Mordini, Gianna Reginato, Adalgisa Sinicropi, and Lorenzo Zani. "Synthesis and Characterization of New Organic Dyes Containing the Indigo Core." Molecules 25, no. 15 (July 25, 2020): 3377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153377.

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A new series of symmetrical organic dyes containing an indigo central core decorated with different electron donor groups have been prepared, starting from Tyrian Purple and using the Pd-catalyzed Stille-Migita coupling process. The effect of substituents on the spectroscopic properties of the dyes has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. In general, all dyes presented intense light absorption bands, both in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum, conferring them a bright green color in solution. Using the same approach, an asymmetrically substituted D–A-π–A green dye, bearing a triarylamine electron donor and the cyanoacrylate acceptor/anchoring group, has been synthesized for the first time and fully characterized, confirming that spectroscopic and electrochemical properties are consistent with a possible application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).

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Yang, Chunhe, Aiwei Tang, Fujun Zhang, and Feng Teng. "DFT investigation on organic dyes with cross-conjugated cyano groups." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 13, no. 01 (February 2014): 1450008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633614500084.

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Organic dye molecules with the acceptor moieties, cyano groups, cross-conjugated to the donor moieties, have been investigated theoretically. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on such cross-conjugated molecules reveal the effects of cross-conjugation on the geometric and electronic structures of the molecules. The cross-conjugated cyano groups in the dye molecules are found effective to alter the charge population and the frontier orbital energy levels of the dyes. The effects of cross-conjugation of cyano group on the molecular conformation, the charge transfer, and polarity of the dyes are discussed.

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Luo, Deng-Hong, Qing-Kang Zheng, Sheng Chen, Qing-Shu Liu, Xiu-Xing Wang, Yu Guan, and Zong-Yao Pu. "Decolorization and degradation of reactive dye during the dyed cotton fabric rinsing process." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 4 (August 1, 2010): 766–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.307.

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Dyeing process of textile consumes large quantities of water, which results in huge amounts of colored wastewater. Most of the dye wastewater treating methods focused on the treatment of wastewater after the rinsing process of dyed textile. In this paper, tetraacetylethylenediamine/hydrogen peroxide (TAED/H2O2) active oxidation (AO) system was developed to rinse dyed textile and decolorize the rinsing wastewater simultaneously. The results indicated that the decolorization ratio of the rinse effluent obtained by AO method were in the range of 51.72%–84.15% according to different dyes and the COD value decreased more than 30% compared with that of traditional rinsing process. The decolorization kinetics investigation showed that the decolorization of dyes during AO rinsing process followed the law of pseudo-first order kinetics. The result of UV-Vis and UPLC-MS analysis demonstrated that the dye was degraded into colorless organic molecular fragments and partly mineralized during the AO rinsing process.

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Liang, Mao, and Jun Chen. "Arylamine organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells." Chemical Society Reviews 42, no. 8 (2013): 3453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cs35372a.

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Kumar, Dhirendra, and Ken-Tsung Wong. "Organic dianchor dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells." Materials Today Energy 5 (September 2017): 243–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2017.05.007.

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Nair, Gomesh, Syafinar Ramli, Muhammad Irwanto, Mohd Irwan Yusoff, Muhammad Fitra, Uda Hashim, and Norman Mariun. "Fabrication of Organic Dye Sensitized Solar Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.516.

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Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource to help aid the national energy depletion crisis of fossil fuel and coal. One of the most potential renewable energy sources in Malaysia is hydropower followed by solar energy. This paper presents the fabrication of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using organic dyes from dragon fruit and chlorophyll which is extracted from spinach. The fabrication of DSSC uses the Dr.blade method. Result shows that the efficiency by using dragon fruit as sensitizer at 40µm TiO2 Thickness is 6.45%, better than the usage of chlorophyll dye which is 4.23% at the same thickness. Result also shows that at 80µm by using the dyes from chlorophyll extract has higher solar cell efficiency compare to dragon fruit. This shows that both the chlorophyll extract and dragon fruit shows potential in the development of a feasible working organic dye.

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Numata, Youhei, Shufang Zhang, Xudong Yang, and Liyuan Han. "Cosensitization of Ruthenium–Polypyridyl Dyes with Organic Dyes in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells." Chemistry Letters 42, no. 11 (November 5, 2013): 1328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.130701.

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Nigel Corns, S., Steven M. Partington, and Andrew D. Towns. "Industrial organic photochromic dyes." Coloration Technology 125, no. 5 (November 9, 2009): 249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.2009.00204.x.

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Yusif, Ghassan Luay. "Manufacturing an Organic Solar Cell and Comparing with Different Dyes." Journal of Engineering 20, no. 04 (June 19, 2023): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2014.04.10.

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A solar cell was manufactured from local materials and was dyed using dyes extracted from different organic plants. The solar cell glass slides were coated with a nano-porous layer of Titanium Oxide and infused with two types of acids, Nitric acid and Acetic acid. The organic dyes were extracted from Pomegranate, Hibiscus, Blackberry and Blue Flowers. They were then tested and a comparison was made for the amount of voltage they generate when exposed to sunlight. Hibiscus sabdariffa extract had the best performance parameters; also Different plants give different levels of voltage.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Organic dyes'

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