Relevant bibliographies by topics / Organic fertilizers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Organic fertilizers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Satria, Benni, Syahyan Raesi, Afrima Sari, Armansyah Armansyah, Indra Dwipa, Aprisal Aprisal, Ferry Lismanto Syaiful, and Ardi Ardi. "TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADA KELOMPOK TANI SUNGKAI PERMAI DI KELURAHAN LAMBUNG BUKIK KOTA PADANG." Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS 3, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jhi.v3i3.438.

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The people of Lambung Bukik Village, Pauh Subdistrict, Padang City, mostly work on horticultural crops, secondary crops, raising cattle, and chickens. Agriculture in this area uses mostly inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This results in the high need for farmers for inorganic fertilizers. The activity's objectives are 1. to obtain an organic production module by utilizing horticultural agricultural waste, secondary crops, and cow dung, 2. analyzing the organic fertilizer content, 3). obtain organic fertilizer containing high nutrient elements and 4. obtain organic fertilizer derived from organic fertilized waste material with EM4, MOL, and Trichoderma sp. Activities were carried out in the UPPO Sungkai Permai farming community through organic fertilizer processing technology. Participants in this activity are members of farmer groups, community leaders, and accompanied by Andalas University students. The activity methods applied are 1. training and demonstration on the manufacture of organic fertilizers from agricultural waste and cow dung using EM-4, Mol, Trichoderma sp, 2. demonstration of making local microorganisms (MOL), 3. analyzing nutrient elements of organic fertilizers, and 4. a demonstration plot of organic spinach and water spinach using organic fertilizers from three different organizer depupuk, namely: EM4, fruit mole, and a mixture of both. The results achieved were: organic fertilizer processing methods, and quality organic fertilizers with the highest average nutrient content of fruit mole samples (N = 1,823%, P = 1,717%, K = 0.757%, Mg = 0.742, C. organic 27,400 , Organic matter = 47.237, and the highest C / N = 39.645%. The demonstration plot of organic fertilizer from three organic fertilizer samples obtained that the use of fruit moles as organizer depupuk resulted in the best growth and yield of spinach and kale wet weight.
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Mujiyo, Mujiyo, Aktavia Herawati, Ganjar Herdiansyah, Suntoro Suntoro, Jauhari Syamsiyah, Widyatmani Sih Dewi, Hery Widijanto, Rahayu Rahayu, and Sutarno Sutarno. "Uji Kualitas Produk Pupuk Organik Beragensia Hayati." AgriHealth: Journal of Agri-food, Nutrition and Public Health 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agrihealth.v3i1.56302.

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<em>Processing cow dung into organic fertilizer with additional biological agents is an effort to prevent environmental pollution due to agricultural waste. Sources of organic fertilizer materials have different nutrient content. Good quality organic fertilizer means that it has match the Organic Fertilizer Standards based on the Decree of Agriculture Minister Republic Indonesia Number 261/KPTS/SR.310/M/4/2019. This activity aims to determine the quality of the bio-agent organic fertilizer product produced by Perkumpulan Pertanian Organik Wonoagung Wonogiri (PPOWW) by analyzing its nutrient content. The activities carried out include an initial survey of partner conditions, preparation of materials, and analysis of fertilizers. The results show that the PPOWW management understands the mechanism of standard and how to carry out quality control on the organic fertilizers produced. The results of the analysis of the nutrient content of PPOWW organic fertilizer products are N-total 1.32%, P2O5 1.50%, K2O 2.24%, C-organic 23.09%, C/N ratio 17.55 and pH 8.27 which have met the quality standards of organic fertilizers and biological fertilizers. The addition of biological agents in the process of making organic fertilizers is proven to improve the quality of fertilizers.</em>
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Eaton, Touria E., Douglas A. Cox, and Allen V. Barker. "Sustainable Production of Marigold and Calibrachoa with Organic Fertilizers." HortScience 48, no. 5 (May 2013): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.5.637.

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate organic fertilizers in production of greenhouse-grown calibrachoa (Calibrachoa ×hybrida Llave & Lex) and marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and nitrogen (N) leaching from containers during production. Calibrachoa was grown with five fertilizer treatments: one chemical, one organic-based, and three organic (liquid fish, oilseed extract, and a combination of oilseed extract and liquid fish). Marigold was grown with seven fertilizer treatments: one chemical and three organic (liquid fish, oilseed extract, and alfalfa pellets) used either alone or in combination. Chemical or organic-based fertilizers produced the best quality calibrachoa based on plant appearance and size. Liquid fish fertilizer produced healthy plants but smaller plants than those grown with chemical or organic-based fertilizers. Plants grown with oilseed extract were stunted and showed chlorosis. If oilseed extract was combined with liquid fish, the plants were similar to those grown with the chemical or organic-based fertilizers in size and quality. Chemical or liquid fish fertilizers produced the highest quality marigold based on plant appearance. Plants fertilized with alfalfa pellets were sparse and pale green. Oilseed extract produced the poorest growth and quality. If oilseed extract was combined with liquid fish or alfalfa, marigold plants were close in size and development to chemical-fertilized plants without nutrient deficiency and with some enhancement of nutrient levels in the leaves. The combination of alfalfa and liquid fish produced similar results. The highest N leaching resulted from plants fertilized by liquid fish, mostly in the form of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N). Combining liquid fish with alfalfa or oilseed extract reduced the amount of N leached from the pots. The results suggest that organic fertilizers can be used successfully to grow commercial greenhouse crops but should be combined for good plant quality and environmental sustainability.
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Kai, Takamitsu, and Dinesh Adhikari. "Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Apple Nutrient Content and Orchard Soil Condition." Agriculture 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040340.

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Apple cultivation in Japan typically involves the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which can damage the environment. Therefore, in this study we investigated the orchard soil biochemical characteristics as well as the fruit nutrient contents, and pesticide residues of apples grown either organically (organic fertilizers + reduced pesticides) or with conventional chemical fertilizers and pesticide rates. Compared with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment, the organic fertilizer treatment produced fruit with significantly higher contents of sugar, as well as soil with higher total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. There were also significantly greater soil bacterial biomass and N circulation in the organically fertilized treatments. Minimal pesticide residues were detected in the organically fertilized fruits, but in the apples cultivated with conventional rates of fertilizers and pesticides there were significantly higher levels of propargite that was used to control spider mites. These residue levels from the conventionally fertilized orchards exceeded European and Codex residue standards. These results indicate that environmentally friendly arboricultural soil management practices, such as organic fertilizer and reduced pesticide cultivation can enhance nutrient cycling in soil, reduce the burden on the environment, and promote food safety and security.
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Shamita, Aliza, Yulita Nurchayati, and Nintya Setiari. "Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) yang diberi Perlakuan Jenis Pupuk Organik dan Anorganik pada Media Pasir Pantai." Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi 7, no. 2 (October 27, 2022): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/baf.7.2.2022.101-109.

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Lahan pasir pantai kurang dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan petanian karena miskin hara dan tidak dapat mengikat air. Lahan pasir pantai dapat dioptimalkan dengan penggunaan pupuk organik dan anorganik. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan pupuk organik berbahan dasar Azolla maupun kotoran sapi dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik NPK pada media pasir pantai terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat varietas Servo. Bibit tomat umur 4 minggu dipindahkan ke dalam polybag yang berisi pasir pantai dengan perlakuan jenis pupuk. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal yaitu 3 jenis pupuk dengan perbandingan pasir:pupuk yaitu 2:1, berupa pupuk organik Azolla, pupuk organik kotoran sapi dan pupuk anorganik NPK (20% Nitrogen, 10% Fosfor, 10% Kalium) masing-masing sebanyak 5 ulangan. Parameter penelitian meliputi tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, bobot segar, bobot kering, diameter batang dan jumlah daun. Data hasil penelitian diuji statistik dengan Analysist of Varian (ANOVA), kemudian dilanjutkan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jenis pupuk mempengaruhi pertumbuhan. Pupuk organik Azolla dan pupuk anorganik NPK meningkatkan diameter dan jumlah daun tanaman tomat, sedangkan pupuk organik berbahan dasar kotoran sapi meningkatkan panjang akar. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, pemberian pupuk organik Azolla dan pupuk anorganik NPK memberikan pengaruh lebih banyak terhadap pertumbuhan pada media pasir pantai. Beach sandland underutilized as agricultural because it is poor in nutrients and cannot bind water. Sandland can be optimized with the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. This study examined the use of organic fertilizers based on Azolla and cow dung compared to NPK inorganic fertilizers in beach sand media to the growth of servo variety tomato plants. Tomato seedlings aged 4 weeks are transferred into polybags containing beach sand with fertilizer type treatment. The research design uses a complete random design (RAL) single factor, namely 3 types of fertilizers with sand comparison: fertilizers that are 2: 1, in the form of Azolla organic fertilizers, cow dung organic fertilizers and NPK inorganic fertilizers (20% Nitrogen, 10% Phosphorus, 10% Potassium) each as much as 5 repetitions. Research parameters include plant height, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, stem diameter and number of leaves. The data was tested statistically with the Analysist of Varian (ANOVA), followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the treatment of this type of fertilizer affects growth. Azolla organic fertilizer and NPK inorganic fertilizer increase the diameter and number of leaves of tomato plants, while organic fertilizers based on cow dung increase the length of roots. Conclusion of this study, the provision of Azolla organic fertilizer and NPK inorganic fertilizers exerts more influence on growth in beach sand media.
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Rodrigues, Donizetti Tomaz, Roberto Ferreira Novais, Víctor Hugo Alvarez V., José Maria Moreira Dias, and Ecila Mercês de Albuquerque Villani. "Orchid growth and nutrition in response to mineral and organic fertilizers." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 34, no. 5 (October 2010): 1609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832010000500014.

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Orchid fertilization is fundamental for a satisfactory plant growth and development for commercial orchid production as well as in collections. Mineral and/or organic sources can be used for fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of organic and/or mineral fertilizers on the nutrition and growth of orchid (Laelia purpurata 'werkhanserii' x L. lobata 'Jeni') seedlings in greenhouse. The following fertilizers were tested: an NPK fertilizer + micronutrients; a Ca source in the form of calcium nitrate; two organic fertilizers, one prepared with a mixture of bone meal, castor meal and ash, and a similar commercial fertilizer. The organic fertilizers were distributed on the surface of the pots every two months and the minerals were applied weekly to the substrate in 25 mL aliquots of a solution containing 1 g L-1 of the respective fertilizer. The plant response to the application of mineral together with organic fertilizer was better, with higher dry matter production than by the isolated application of each fertilizer (organic or mineral). The treatments with calcium nitrate + NPK fertilizer did not differ significantly from the use of NPK fertilizer, probably due to the S deficiency detected in a mineral analysis of the tissues. Commercial organic fertilizer had a very elevated B level, leading to toxicity symptoms, reduced growth and necrotized tips of the older leaves in all fertilized treatments.
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Ramadhani, Debi Sekar, Alvi Nur Inayati, Sundahri Sundahri, Chubab ‘Ainul Yaqin al Ghifari, Ghifarizky Zannu Prasetya, Mutiara Rafsya Asyraf, Aurelia Nur Salsabilla, et al. "PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA SULING KULON, BONDOWOSO MELALUI PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DARI LIMBAH PETERNAKAN SAPI UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN." PAPUMA: Journal of Community Services 2, no. 01 (April 19, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/papuma.v2i01.820.

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Suling Kulon Village has abundant natural resources, the majority of the people of Suling Kulon Village work as farmers and ranchers. Almost every house in Suling Kulon Village keeps cattle. However, the community still does not have awareness of environmental hygiene by allowing cow dung to accumulate in one place without further processing. Cow dung can be used as organic fertilizer which will later be useful for local agriculture, by changing organic fertilizer farmers can overcome the problem of increasingly expensive chemical fertilizers. Cow manure used as organic fertilizer contains macro and micro nutrients which are very useful for plant growth and development and the use of organic fertilizers does not contain chemical elements so that it has no residue. By using organic fertilizers, the soil will be healthier and more fertile. From the existing problems, KKN students have a solution by holding socialization work programs and training in making organic fertilizers so that people are aware of a healthy environment, know how to make organic fertilizers and can implement them at home. This community service activities had been carried out for 45 days from 12th of July to 21st of August 2023. Making organic fertilizer made from cow dung can certainly be an alternative for restoring soil conditions. Organic fertilizer could help fertilize the soil and make agricultural land use sustainable. Apart from that, the manufacture of organic fertilizer made from cow dung also provides benefits for farmers and the community. One of them was in the economic sector, cattle breeders can make a profit by selling the results of making organic fertilizer.
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HU, CHENG, SHUANG-LAI LI, YAN QIAO, DONG-HAI LIU, and YUN-FENG CHEN. "EFFECTS OF 30 YEARS REPEATED FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS ON SOIL PROPERTIES, MICROBES AND CROP YIELDS IN RICE–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEMS." Experimental Agriculture 51, no. 3 (November 18, 2014): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000350.

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SUMMARYLong-term fertilization experiment has been conducted since 1981 to study the effect of soil management practices on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration, soil culturable microbe counts and crop yields at the Nanhu Experimental Station in the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (situated in the middle reach of the Yangtze River and the rice–wheat cropping system). The experiment was designed with the following eight treatments: (1) unfertilized treatment: Control; (2) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer treatment: N; (3) inorganic nitrogen plus inorganic phosphorus fertilizer treatment: NP; (4) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus plus inorganic potassium fertilizer treatment: NPK; (5) pig dung compost (manure) treatment: M; (6) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer plus manure: NM; (7) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPM and (8) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, inorganic potassium fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPKM. The results showed that long-term application of organic manure in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased soil organic C concentrations compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. Soil organic C contents were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in balanced application of NPK fertilizers in comparison to unbalanced application of fertilizers. After 30 years of experiment, soil organic C and total N sequestration rate averagely were 0.48 t ha−1 year−1 and 28.3 kg ha−1 year−1 in the fertilized treatments respectively; nevertheless, it were 0.27 t ha−1 year−1 and 9.7 kg ha−1 year−1 in the unfertilized treatment. Application of organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. The balanced application of NPK fertilizers significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with unbalanced application of fertilizers. The average grain yield of wheat and rice was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer treatment than in inorganic fertilizer alone and unfertilized control. Therefore, long-term application of organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer and balanced application of NPK fertilizers could increase soil organic C and total N sequestration, culturable microbial counts and crop grain yields.
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Kostadinov, Kostadin, Stoyan Filipov, Radoslav Chipilski, and Nadezhda Shopova. "Technologies Protecting the Environment in Urban Areas." E3S Web of Conferences 259 (2021): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125901008.

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Global warming is the leading cause of the extreme meteorological events increase in the last three decades. Increase of annual average air temperature and temperature values during winter and early spring has been recorded in comparison to the (1961-1990) referent period in Plovdiv region. The lettuce development was researched in a greenhouse in the Agricultural University- Plovdiv. During the lettuce growth six different variants were used: no fertilizer, one chemical, and four organic fertilizers. The effect of the different organic fertilizers was studied through specific physiological parameters and productivity. This paper analyzed changes in functional activity of the plant photosynthetic apparatus and productivity of variants with different fertilizers in an unheated greenhouse. The ratio between photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and quantum yield (qY-Fv/Fm) of PS II was determined to be more optimal in dark-adapted leaves for the organic fertilizer variants, compared to the no fertilizer variant. The lower and significant difference was observed in the values of the minimal fluorescence Fo in reaction centers of PS II after the dark-adaptation of leaves for organic fertilizer variants compared to the no fertilizer variant. Higher values of chlorophyll content index (CCI) were estimated for organic and chemical fertilizers compared to the no fertilizer variant. All variants fertilized with organic and biofertilizers comply with the quality standard from the beginning to the end of harvesting.
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Khoi Nghia, Nguyen, Chau Thi Anh Thy, Le Thi Xa, and Do Thanh Luan. "Recycling of biogas wastewater to organic fertilizers and influence of organic fertilizers on maize, mung bean growth and yield under the field conditions." Applied Environmental Biotechnology 7, no. 1 (2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26789/aeb.2022.01.003.

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The objective of the study was to utilize the biogas effluents to produce solid and liquid organic fertilizers, as well as evaluate their effect on the growth and yield of corn and mung beans under field conditions. For liquid organic fertilizer, biogas effluents were mixed with fish emulsion and beneficial bacteria while biogas effluents-absorbing coal slag was mixed with sugarcane filter, fishmeal and beneficial bacteria to create solid organic fertilizer. Liquid organic fertilizer was irrigated with a dose of 5 L/1000 m2 while solid organic fertilizer was applied with a dose of 1 ton/ha with 75% recommended NPK formula for maize and mung bean. The results showed that applying solid or liquid organic fertilizer formulated from biogas effluents with other amendments helped to reduce the amount of recommended NPK fertilizer by 25%, but still maintained growth and yield of maize and mungbean equivalent to the control treatment fertilized with 100% recommended NPK. In conclusion, the amount of organic matter and N, P, K in biogas effluents from biogas digesters can be utilized to produce organic fertilizers which not only help to reduce chemical fertilizers, but also solve the environmental problems and create new friendly value-added products for practicing sustainable agricultural production.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Campbell, Clayton Marshall Fulton John Patrick Zech Wesley C. "Evaluating spinner-disc technology for the distribution of poultry litter." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1581.

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Lee, Cheuk-hung. "The growth and mineral contents of vegetables treated with composed livestock waste /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20667395.

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Carefoot, Janna. "Phosphorous leaching from coarse-textured soils amended with inorganic or organic fertilizers." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33725.

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Non-point source pollution of surface waters with phosphorous (P) transported from agricultural soils has emerged as a major environmental issue in the last decade. Regulations limiting P accumulation in surface soils have been established to protect surface water quality. Yet, little information is available on the quantities of P that may leach through soils and the factors influencing P leaching in agricultural soils. One important factor may be the type of fertilizer P applied, since it is known that P solubility varies among fertilizer sources. The purpose of this thesis was to quantify P leaching in soils amended with inorganic and organic fertilizers.
In a field study, we found that the fertilizer P source (triple superphosphate, composted cattle manure, or a mixture of the two) did not affect soil test P concentration, the degree of soil P saturation, or P leaching in a sandy-loam soil. The soil test P level in the 0--15-cm depth (146 mg P kg -1) exceeded the critical limit of 66-mg kg-1 established in Quebec, and ortho-P and DOP concentrations in leachates collected from piezometers were generally higher than the provincial water quality standard of 0.03 mg P L-1. If transported from our study site, P leached through this coarse-textured soil could pose a threat to groundwater and surface water quality.
These findings were verified in the laboratory with two coarse-textured soils. We found that more NO3-N and DON were leached from soils receiving inorganic N and P fertilizers than composted cattle manure, but the amounts of ortho-P and DOP leached were not affected by fertilizer sources. In coarse-textured soils, the quantities of P leached can be substantial, but depends more on soil characteristics than the fertilizer P source.
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Guppy, Christopher Neil. "Phosphorus and organic matter interactions in highly weathered soils /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17420.pdf.

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Heeb, Anuschka. "Organic or mineral fertilization : effects on tomato plant growth and fruit quality /." Uppsala : Dept. of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200573.pdf.

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TerAvest, Daniel Gerald. "Tree and soil nitrogen responses to alternative ground cover management strategies in organic apple production." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2009/d_teravest_072309.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in soil science)--Washington State University, August 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. 23, 2009). "Department of Crop and Soil Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-50).
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Sprinkle, Amy Lyn. "Nutrient management on golf courses in Delaware." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.01Mb, 155 p, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1428197.

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Solontsi, Mhlangabezi. "The response of maize to selected ratios of organic fertilizers mixed with inorganic fertilizers in Ndlambe Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020902.

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The majority of small-scale farmers in the Eastern Cape apply inadequate quantities of manure, inorganic (NPK) fertilizer and Gromor as lone fertilizers or tend to mix manure or Gromor with chemical fertilizers for crops, without any scientific basis (Mkile, 2001). Hence this study – aimed at achieving effective and efficient use of chemical fertilizers, manure and Gromor, either as lone fertilizers or mixed with one another, in maize production – was established. A three-year dry land field experiment, arranged in a RCBD with 3 replicates where cattle manure, chemical fertilizer and Gromor were mixed at different ratios – as treatments FM1 (10 percent fertilizer + 90 percent manure); FM2 (25 percent fertilizer + 75 percent manure); FM3 (50 percent fertilizer + 50 percent manure); MAP (100 percent fertilizer); M (100 percent cattle manure); FG1 (10 percent fertilizer + 90 percent Gromor); FG2 (25 percent fertilizer + 75 percent Gromor); FG3 (50 percent fertilizer + 50 percent Gromor); G (100 percent Gromor) and a control (with nothing applied) – was conducted at the Nolukhanyo agricultural project at Bathurst in the Ndlambe Local Municipality. Maize cultivars PAN 6480 and Sahara were used as test crops. Manure, Gromor and soil were analyzed for their nutrient composition. Data recorded involving number of kernels per cob-1, grain and dry matter (DM) yields for the 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 seasons, and leaf area index (LAI) – were subjected to Genstat Version 14.1 for statistical analysis. Grain yields of PAN 6480 and Sahara recorded in seasons 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 were significantly higher (p≤0.05) than those of the controls. In 2012-13, PAN 6480 on treatments FG3 and FG1 produced the highest grain yields (5 327 and 5 107kg ha-1) respectively, while in 2010-11 the highest yield was 3 780kg ha-1. In the 2012-13 season, Sahara on F treatment was the highest with 4 553kg ha-1 whilst there were no significant differences in F and M treatments. Dry matter yields of Sahara were higher than those of PAN 6480 in all seasons. The highest Sahara LAI obtained on FM2 was 5.85 in the 2012-13 season, whereas PAN 6480 had LAI of 4.77 on F treatment, followed by FG3 with 4.72 LAI. PAN 6480 number of leaves for 6 plants in m2 and LAI in week 8 of the 2012-13 season had a positive correlation, r2=0.84. PAN 6480 number of kernels and cob length in the same area correlated quite well (r2 =0.91). Chemical fertilizer corrects the imbalances of nutrients inherent in organic manures and increases both maize grain yields and dry matter yields, and also influences number of leaves and LAI. Treatments FG1, FG3 and FM1 of PAN 6480 resulted in high maize grain yields when planted 13 in late November of the 2012-13 growing season and when water in the soil profile was conserved as a result of good rains received prior to planting. Treatments FG1 (10 percent fertilizer + 90 percent Gromor), FG3 (50 percent fertilizer + 50 percent Gromor) of PAN 6480 produced the highest grain yields (5 107kg ha-1 and 5 327kg ha-1 respectively) in the 2012-13 season, whilst FM1 (10 percent fertilizer + 90 percent manure) gave the highest grain yield (of 4 277kg ha-1) for the same cultivar in the 2010-11 season.
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McGrath, Colleen Johanna Kemble Joseph. "Evaluation of optimal substrates and fertilizers for organic vegetable transplant production in Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Horticulture/Thesis/Mcgrath_Colleen_51.pdf.

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Donnelly, Eric. "Potential uses of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) in organic agriculture in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274892.

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To assess the availability of bracken and the factors influencing frond yields, this thesis investigated the growth and phenology of bracken populations across Scotland in relation to site characteristics.  The change in elements in fronds and litter from April to November was analysed, along with the concentrations of the carcinogen Ptaquiloside (Pta).  Frond dry matter yields increased to maximum in August/September, falling to those in November.  In September/October, frond yields ranged from 4.70-15.9 DM t ha-1.  Frond concentrations of phosphorus and potassium reduced, and concentrations of calcium and magnesium increased from May to November.  Frond Pta concentrations reduced during this period also, with the highest concentration recorded of 5792 mg kg-1 in May 2002 at Loch Grannoch, SW Scotland. This thesis also investigated the effects of harvesting of fronds, and the burning and clearing of litter on the yield of frond dry matter, yield and content of ash and on Pta concentrations in fronds.  The concentration of twenty-one elements, the CaCO3 equivalence and pH of this ash were determined, and the effect of harvesting of fronds on subsequent yields was assessed.  Harvesting during the growing season reduced the preceding yield of fronds, but not if harvested after senescence.  A positive regression was found between frond DM and ash yields.  The maximum yield of K in ash was harvested in August/September, at around 180 kg ha-1.  Calculations of the value of bracken ash using August 2001 K concentrations and the cost of other organic K sources came to between £219-£980 t-1.  The ash produced had a mean pH of 11.9, and mean calcium carbonate equivalence of 52%.  Lifting litter increased the density of fronds, and burning litter increased the soil available Mg concentrations and Ca concentrations in the ash.  Pta concentrations in fronds that emerged in reaction to harvesting were higher compared to those fronds first harvested at the same time.
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Books on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Parnes, Robert. Organic & inorganic fertilizers. Mt. Vernon, ME: Woods End Agricultural Institute, 1986.

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Samnakngān Kō̜ngthun Sanapsanun Kānwičhai. Samnakngān Phāk., ed. ʻAi ʻĒm ʻŌ čhulinsī thō̜ngthin--: Yātngư̄a rǣng čhai kasēttrakō̜n Khunyūam. Chīang Mai: Samnakngān Kō̜ngthun Sanapsanun Kānwičhai, Samnakngān Phāk, 2005.

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Mamaril, Cezar Paragas. Facts and myths about organic fertilizers. Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija: Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice), 2009.

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Seminar "Proper Use of Chemical Fertilizers Combined with Organic Fertilizers in Crop Production" (1992 Universiti Pertanian Malaysia). Combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers: Proceedings of the Seminar "Proper Use of Chemical Fertilizers Combined with Organic Fertilizers in Crop Production," Malaysia, 1992. [Serdang, Selangor]: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia (UPM), 1994.

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Lay, Richard. A green kid's guide to organic fertilizers. Minneapolis, Minn: Magic Wagon, 2013.

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A, T͡S︡urkan M., Nauchno-issledovatelʹskiĭ i proektno-tekhnologicheskiĭ institut pochvovedenii͡a︡, agrokhimii i meliorat͡s︡ii pochv im. N.A. Dimo., and Respublikanskoe proizvodstvenno-nauchnoe obʺedinenie "Fertilitate" (Moldova), eds. Primenenie organicheskikh udobreniĭ v Moldove. Kishinev: "Shtiint͡s︡a", 1991.

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Muck. Magic muck: The complete guide to compost. London: Pavilion, 1994.

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Antonelli, Arthur L. Organic gardening. [Pullman, WA.]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 1998.

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Antonelli, Arthur L. Organic gardening. 2nd ed. [Pullman, WA.]: Washington State University Extension, 2004.

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Charyulu, D. Kumara. Organic input production and marketing in India: Efficiency, issues, and policies. New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Paz, Carlota Garcia, Teresa Taboada Rodríguez, Valerie M. Behan‐Pelletier, Stuart B. Hill, Pablo Vidal‐Torrado, Miguel Cooper, Peter van Straaten, J. J. Oertli, and C. W. Wood. "Fertilizers, Organic." In Encyclopedia of Soil Science, 263–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3995-9_224.

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Kihara, Job, Mateete Bekunda, Vimbayi Chimonyo, Anthony Kimaro, Bekele Kotu, Stephen Lyimo, and Wezi Mhango. "Management of soil fertility through application of fertilizers." In Sustainable agricultural intensification: a handbook for practitioners in East and Southern Africa, 48–61. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800621602.0004.

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Abstract This chapter presents technologies for replacing the nutrients lost from cropped fields with external fertilizer sources in a manner that minimizes the consequences of too little or too much application. The technology of using industrial fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and application of farmyard manure and compost alone or in combination with industrial fertilizers are discussed in detail.
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Schnug, E., P. Oswald, and S. Haneklaus. "Organic manure management and efficiency: Role of organic fertilizers and their management practices." In Fertilizers and Environment, 259–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_44.

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Mortvedt, J. J. "Heavy metal contaminants in inorganic and organic fertilizers." In Fertilizers and Environment, 5–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_2.

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Brohi, A. Reşit, A. Aydeniz, and M. R. Karaman. "Tobacco-waste obtained from cigarette factories to be used as organic fertilizer." In Fertilizers and Environment, 327–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_55.

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Pedraza, R. O., C. H. Bellone, and S. C. de Bellone. "Evaluation of easily oxidizable organic matter in greenhouse soils through a biological technique." In Fertilizers and Environment, 305–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_51.

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Huntley, E. E., Allen V. Barker, and M. L. Stratton. "Composition and Uses of Organic Fertilizers." In ACS Symposium Series, 120–39. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0668.ch009.

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Garcia-Mina, J. M., R. Jordana, J. Aguirreolea, and M. A. Hernandez. "The effect of a special organic amendment on the development of pepper plants cultivated in a soil infested with Verticillium dahliae." In Fertilizers and Environment, 301–3. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_50.

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Chianu, Jonas N., Justina N. Chianu, and Franklin Mairura. "Organic Fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Farming Systems." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, 31–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4113-3_3.

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Bidabadi, Siamak Shirani, and Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef. "Cereals and Organic Fertilizers Under Abiotic Stress." In Sustainable Remedies for Abiotic Stress in Cereals, 275–89. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5121-3_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Bivainis, Vaidas, Egle Jotautiene, Ramunas Mieldazys, and Grazvydas Juodisius. "Simulation research on properties of spherical manure granules." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf034.

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To increase the effectiveness of fertilizers, fertilization technologies are constantly being improved, the quality of fertilizers is improved, and optimal application rates are selected. To protect the soil and the surrounding environment, even organic fertilizers must be spread on the soil following agro-technical requirements. The uniform distribution of organic granular fertilizers in the soil is complicated due to their different physical-mechanical properties and the shape of the granules, compared to mineral fertilizers. Experimental studies are constantly being conducted to determine the properties of granular organic manure fertilizers, but these studies are time-consuming and some require special, expensive equipment. Modern engineering modelling programs simulate the properties of granular fertilizers and allow significantly expand the limits of experiments. The simulation of their properties can be done faster, and the results are sufficiently accurate, having an experimentally verified digital model of organic fertilizers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of properties of spherical granular organic fertilizers in poultry manure spreading using the discrete element Altair EDEM simulation program. Simulation studies were carried out on spherical organic fertilizer bulk density, static and dynamic collapse angles, and static and dynamic friction coefficients of granules. The obtained results showed that the bulk density of the sphere-shaped organic manure granules was higher, the angles of collapse and the pile were slightly smaller and the coefficients of friction were higher, compared to the cylindrical organic fertilizers made from the same manure. These properties have the greatest effect on the uniform spreading of these fertilizers when using centrifugal fertilizer spreaders, so when using spherical fertilizers, they are spread more evenly when spreading sufficiently high rates of fertilizer.
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Yulis Setyawan, Hendrix. "THE POTENTIAL OF PALM WASTE BIOCHAR FOR SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER." In International conference on Innovation and Technology. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2021.se.01.017.

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Charcoal-based fertilizers can be improved in quality by nutrient impregnation and modified to provide nutrients gradually (slow release fertilizer-SRF). SRF fertilizer can be made by using a coating in the form of charcoal from the pyrolysis of palm oil waste. Raw palm oil waste from Bantur District, Malang, East Java, for the soaking process with fertilizers, there are two different types of fertilizers, namely organic (EM4) and inorganic (Urea) fertilizers, after which they are pyrolyzed and the characteristic results are obtained. Based on the research results, waste oil palm has the potential to be developed into a Slow Release Fertilizer. The content of water, ash, and volatile matter was found in the fertilizer which was soaked for 72 hours (3 days), while the bound carbon content was found in the soaking for 72 hours (3 days).
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Khomych, Serhiі, Igor Tsiz, Victor Tarasyuk, and Roman Khlopetscyi. "Development of method and study of granular fertilizer production process based on sapropel." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf070.

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Considering the prospects of using organic sapropel as a raw material for fertilizers in agriculture, particularly in organic farming, its processing becomes an extremely important step. Traditional organic fertilizers, such as manure, are produced virtually untreated using a fairly simple technology, and their quantity is limited by the number of animals. The quality of sapropel-based fertilizers depends on the content of the organic part, the processing method, and the characteristics of the deposit. An analysis of the existing research has shown that sapropel-based fertilizers can be single-component and multi-component. In addition, the content of organic matter in such fertilizers varies widely. Many studies have been devoted to the production of granular sapropel fertilizers and the processes of forming and drying independent particles of arbitrary size and shape, the formation of large balls and strands by pressing, the formation of particles in the form of plates, cylinders, etc. But, given the design features of bulk fertilizer machines, it is necessary to strive for the formation of granules in the form of a ball. The paper proposes directions for the use of sapropel in the production of single-component and multicomponent granular fertilizers. The design of machines for the production of granular sapropel fertilizers in the form of balls with an equivalent diameter of 2-6 mm is presented. The results of experimental studies on the strength, fractional composition, volume, and unit density of granules produced in laboratory conditions are also presented. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the development in production conditions and suggest directions for improvement.
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Didukh, Volodymyr, Igor Tsiz, Vasyl Satsiuk, and Roman Khlopetscyi. "Research in processes and machines for local strip application of moisture-holding organic fertilizers." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf044.

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In Ukraine’s territories, there is a potential for rapid growth in organic agricultural production, not only for the domestic market but also for the global market. However, achieving this requires a shift in plant production technologies and ensuring the production of necessary agricultural machinery to facilitate specific technological operations. Global climate change necessitates alterations in regional crop rotations due to reduced plant productivity, especially during the germination stage, where moisture requirements fluctuate. Conversely, the pursuit of maximum yields has led to intensified use of mineral fertilizers, contributing to ecological degradation and decreased soil fertility. Maintaining the balance of nutrients in the soil can be achieved by regular local application of moisture-retaining organic fertilizers in the range of 10-12 tons per hectare. These fertilizers should be derived from organic raw materials possessing a well-developed colloidal structure capable of gradual moisture accumulation and release. Proposed components for producing these fertilizers include sapropel with natural moisture content sourced from freshwater reservoirs. This study presents laboratory and field research results from experimental plots cultivating potatoes, vegetables and soybean, affirming the effectiveness of the proposed technology. The article also describes the construction of machines for local application of moisture-retaining organic fertilizers. A theoretical study of the interaction of organic fertilizer particles with the working body of such machines is presented, and the dimensions and rotation speed are substantiated.
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Cisler, Martin, Frantisek Horejs, Michal Strnad, and Libor Matyas. "Influence of organic fertilizers on soil erosion parameters in maize crop." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf165.

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Every year, large amounts of agricultural land are threatened by water erosion. Fields with sloping land are particularly at risk. The impact of water erosion on soil and fine soil particles is very serious. Water erosion is a natural process and cannot be stopped. It can only be reduced or slowed down. To reduce the impact of water erosion, erosion control measures are used to protect the soil surface and fine soil particles. The most risk crops from the view of water erosion are wide-row crops. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of organic fertilizers on soil erosion parameters in maize crop. To achieve the results, a field experiment focusing on three organic fertilizers (manure, digestate, compost), was established on a sloping plot with an average slope of 5.29°. Each fertilizer was represented in two variants at different rates. Two variants were added as a control. One with maize cover without fertilizer application and the second without vegetation. Surface runoff and erosive wash were measured using the micro-parcel runoff method. Based on the results from the measurements, a positive effect of organic fertilizers on water erosion mitigation can be demonstrated, primarily reducing erosive wash and surface runoff. Both are associated with improved soil infiltration. It is therefore possible to consider the use of infiltration strips with extreme doses of organic fertiliser on erosion-prone areas of land. Furthermore, there was no confirmation of the expected reduction in soil water infiltration for the option where digestate was applied.
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Cremeneac, Larisa, and Mariana Caraman. "Particularitățile unor metode de compostare utilizate în procesul managementului deșeurilor organice." In Scientific and practical conference with international participation: "Management of the genetic fund of animals – problems, solutions, outlooks". Scientific Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61562/mgfa2023.51.

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The article reflects the problem of using some composting methods in the organic waste management process. The results of the exposed investigations intended to show how the ecological situation can be improved by using various composting methods of biodegradable organic waste. Some methods of composting organic waste of various origins are synthesized. Composting represents the process of decomposition and transformation of solid organic substances by microorganisms (mainly bacteria and fungi) into a stable material, which can be used (depending on the characteristics) in agriculture, in as an organic fertilizer, replacing chemical fertilizers to improve of soil fertility. Only some methods of composting are characterized: the traditional method, worm cultivation and the method of effective microorganisms. All composting methods are welcome for agriculture because they solve complicated environmental problems: complete processing of organic waste, obtaining organic fertilizers and ecological agricultural pro-duction, improving the ecological situation of the environment.
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Adriana, Mochamat Gunawan Wibisono, and Arom Figyantika. "Manure Management for the Youth Farmer Group as A Startup Business of Fermented Organic Manure in Karangasem Village, Paliyan, Gunungkidul." In 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.151.2.

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More than 70% of the people of Karangasem village raise cattle, goats, sheep, chickens, and ducks. The abundance of manure can be used as a local commodity that has the potential to be a business opportunity for local communities through youth farmer groups. At present, the abundance has not been optimally utilized. Its use is only sown directly into the land, which can have several implications, including reduced nutrient content due to volatilization and lack of practical use. Managing manure into packaged fermented organic fertilizer makes its use more practical, effective, and efficient. The increase in the use of fermented organic fertilizers also can reduce agricultural production costs, such as purchasing chemical fertilizers. The purpose of this program was to assist Ngudi Boga's youth farmer group in managing manure into packaged fermented organic manure, which is marketable and partly used by themselves. Aerobic composting was applied. Raw materials, including manure, foliage, and other local organic matter, were used. The fertilizer samples were analyzed for nutrient content. It has produced 375 packs (5 kg/pack) of ready-to-use fermented organic fertilizer, equivalent to ± 1.76 tons. It was >75% of production sold by the limited local markets. Future improvement efforts related to increasing the capacity of grinding machines and developing a profit-sharing system with the village community need to be carried out.
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Elbl, Jakub. "USE OF ORGANIC-MINERAL FERTILIZERS AS ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS: EFFECT ON SOIL QUALITY." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.2/s13.076.

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DAUTARTĖ, Anželika, Vidmantas SPRUOGIS, Romualdas ZEMECKIS, Edmundas BARTKEVIČIUS, and Algirdas GAVENAUSKAS. "THE INFLUENCE OF BIOORGANIC PREPARATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CONVENTIONALY GROWN WINTER RAPE ACTIVATING AND SAVING THE USE OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.051.

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The aim was to determine the impact of Raskila bio-organic preparation on the productivity of winter rape ‘Sunday’ grown under conventional system, in order to activate and save the use of treatment Rovral aqua flo and to improve the wintering of plants. The scientific article presents the data of the conventional winter rape ‘Sunday’ growth intensity, plant formation, accumulation of dry matter, seed quality parameters, fertility data and the influence of the use of bioorganic fertilizers e. winter rape 'Sunday' seeds were coated with bioorganic preparations and synthetic treatments, and additionally sprayed with a bioorganic fertilizer solution. Agrotechnics was carried out according to the technology of winter rape growing at Aleksandras Stulginskis University Experimental station. Additional treatment of winter rape seeds and additional spraying with bioorganic fertilizers had a positive influence on the processes of growth and development of winter rape. By combining seed treatments and treatment with bio-organic Raskila fertilizers (3 l for 100 kg) and spray in autumn (3 l ha-1 ), the best results are achieved: the maximum rape seed yield was 3.87 t ha-1 and the best quality production. Bioorganic fertilizers and treatment Rovral aqua flo has significantly increased the following indicators of winter rape ‘Sunday’: the length of the plant (118.16-127.64 cm), the number of branches (6-10), seeds in the silique (28.27), the seed yield (3.16-3.87 t ha-1). The highest seed yield (3.87 l ha-1) was achieved, applying Nagro preparations in the autumn and the Rovral aqua flo treatment and spraying Raskila plants when the rape reaches a height of 5-7 cm (BBCH 10-19). Premium yield was 86.6 % compared to control. Raskila fertilizers and treatment Rovral aqua flo significantly increased the following parameters of winter rape seeds: content of fat (41.52-43.05 %), proteins (20.39-20.91%), glucosinolates decreased from 18.68 to 18.31 m mol g-1. This has improved seed quality. Treatment with Raskila and treatment Rovral aqua flo decreased seeds and seedlings infestation and morbidity due to Fusarium, Drechlera, Alternaria, Penicillium. Rates of treatment can be reduced if combined with bioorganic fertilizers. Application of bioorganic fertilizers and treatment in combination increases the effectiveness of treatment. Bio-organic fertilizer reduces plant stress caused by synthetic treatment.
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Cioroianu, Mihai. "FERTILIZERS WITH NATURAL ORGANIC SUBSTANCES, AGROCHEMICAL EFFECTS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/s13.027.

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Reports on the topic "Organic fertilizers"

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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker, and Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249
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Ivanova, Dimka, Maria Geneva, Marieta Hristozkova, Ira Stancheva, Janet Mincheva, and Zdravka Petkova. A New Type of Biological Activators and Organic Fertilizers Used in the Growing of Medicinal Plant Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.04.18.

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Timofeev, E. V., A. F. Erk, V. N. Sudachenko, and A. N. Efimova. The use of digital technology in the classification of information on the work of technical means in the processing and application of organic fertilizers. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2019-17074.

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Upadhyaya, Shrini K., Abraham Shaviv, Abraham Katzir, Itzhak Shmulevich, and David S. Slaughter. Development of A Real-Time, In-Situ Nitrate Sensor. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586537.bard.

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Although nitrate fertilizers are critical for enhancing crop production, excess application of nitrate fertilizer can result in ground water contamination leading to the so called "nitrate problem". Health and environmental problems related to this "nitrate problem" have led to serious concerns in many parts of the world including the United States and Israel. These concerns have resulted in legislation limiting the amount of nitrate N in drinking water to 10mg/g. Development of a fast, reliable, nitrate sensor for in-situ application can be extremely useful in dynamic monitoring of environmentally sensitive locations and applying site-specific amounts of nitrate fertilizer in a precision farming system. The long range objective of this study is to develop a fast, reliable, real-time nitrate sensor. The specific objective of this one year feasibility study was to explore the possible use of nitrate sensor based on mid-IR spectroscopy developed at UCD along with the silver halide fiber ATR (i.e. attenuated total internal reflection) sensor developed at TAU to detect nitrate content in solution and soil paste in the presence of interfering compounds. Experiments conducted at Technion and UCD clearly demonstrate the feasibility of detecting nitrate content in solutions as well as soil pastes using mid-IR spectroscopy and an ATR technique. When interfering compounds such as carbonates, bicarbonates, organic matter etc. are present special data analysis technique such as singular value decomposition (SYD) or cross correlation was necessary to detect nitrate concentrations successfully. Experiments conducted in Israel show that silver halide ATR fiber based FEWS, particularly flat FEWS, resulted in low standard error and high coefficient of determination (i.e. R² values) indicating the potential of the flat Fiberoptic Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy (FEWS) for direct determinations of nitrate. Moreover, they found that it was possible to detect nitrate and other anion concentrations using anion exchange membranes and M1R spectroscopy. The combination of the ion-exchange membranes with fiberoptices offers one more option to direct determination of nitrate in environmental systems.
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Delate, Kathleen, Andres P. Glasener, and Myron C. Rees. Evaluation of Organic Soybean Varieties and Organic Fertilizer for Organic Popcorn. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-227.

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Islam, Mohammad Tauhidul, and Wahid bin Ahsan. Stubble Burning in Munshiganj, Bangladesh: Causes, Impacts, and Sustainable Alternatives for Environmental and Public Health. Userhub, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58947/a3kh-s8wy.

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This research report investigates the practice of stubble burning in Munshiganj, Bangladesh, examining its causes, impacts, and potential alternatives. Although stubble burning is a traditional practice, it remains a prevalent method used by farmers for land fertility, potash supplementation, insect control, and cost management. However, this practice contributes to air and environmental pollution and poses public health risks, particularly for children. The report presents alternative uses for stubble, such as organic fertilizer and cooking fuel, and proposes policy measures to regulate the practice. By examining the complex socio-economic and environmental factors that contribute to stubble burning in Munshiganj, this report offers valuable insights into potential solutions for mitigating its negative impacts.
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Jokela, Dana, and Ajay Nair. Effects of Reduced Tillage and Split Fertilizer Application in Organic Broccoli and Pepper Production Systems. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2768.

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Jokela, Dana, and Ajay Nair. Effects of Reduced Tillage and Split Fertilizer Application in Organic Broccoli and Pepper Production Systems. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-32.

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Lindner, André, Wolfgang Wende, and Nora Adam. Realitäts-Check auf regionaler Ebene: Implikationen der CBD-COP15 für Sachsen. Edited by Vera Braun. Technische Universität Dresden / Leibniz-Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.217.

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Reaching the goals of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework requires commitment at all political levels and in all sectors. The State of Saxony also has to contribute its share. Saxony has a great potential, but also faces particular challenges. Almost half of the land area is used for agriculture, mainly for arable farming. However, only around eight percent of the land is farmed ecologically4. Intensification and monotonization of agriculture, as well as the use of pesticides and fertilizers, significantly contribute to the loss of biodiversity. Agriculture plays a crucial role as a habitat for biodiversity5. It is indispensable to promote biodiversity-friendly use, increase the proportion of land under organic farming, and establish corresponding methods in conventional agriculture. As a producer of fossil fuels, especially by the Lusatian and Central German lignite mining regions, Saxony is also strongly affected by the energy transition. The expansion of renewable energies needs to be nature-compatible and in harmony with the protection of biodiversity. Approaches to multifunctional landuse may provide support in this regard. Prof. Dr. Edeltraud Günther, Director of UNU-FLORES, emphasizes the need to consider biodiversity in the resource nexus. Saxony has good prerequisites to meet these challenges. With its Saxony Biodiversity 2030 Program, it has a revised biodiversity strategy to meet the global targets. In addition, Saxony is home to major research institutions that intensively focus on biodiversity. Research, education, and science communication play a central role in this context. Prof. Tshilidzi Marwala, Rector of UNU and Under-Secretary- General of the UN, emphasized the key role of education in his opening address of the DNCi 2023: 'Education is the key to unlock our potential. It empowers us to become stewards of our environment by providing us with a deep appreciation for biodiversity and inspiring sustainable practices in every aspect of our lives. By integrating transformative education at the international, national, and local levels, we can create profound change in attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors.' The DNCi 2023 participants had a hands-on experience of the importance of education and science communication on biodiversity thanks to a guided tour of the Botanical Garden. Many thanks to Prof. Dr. Christoph Neinhuis, Director of the Botanical Garden, and Dr. Barbara Dietsch, Scientific Director of the Botanical Garden, for these valuable insights. As part of the DNCi 2023, co-organized by UNU-FLORES, the IOER, and TU Dresden, we succeeded in bringing together different stakeholders from science, government, civil society, and the private sector to create a dynamic platform for exchange and collaboration on the topic of biodiversity. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all participants for their commitment during the event and beyond, and to the Saxon State Ministry of Energy, Climate Protection, Environment and Agriculture for supporting the event within the framework of its cooperation with UNU-FLORES.
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