Relevant bibliographies by topics / Organic reduction / Dissertations / Theses
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organic reduction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Mouselmani, Rim. "Reduction of Organic Functional Groups Using Hypophosphites." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1241/document.

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Récemment, les exigences en chimie ont évolué rapidement, car le développement durable a retenu plus d'attention. Les principes de la chimie verte ont encouragé les chimistes à développer des produits chimiques et des procédés qui réduisent ou éliminent les substances dangereuses. Les travaux de recherche décrits dans cette thèse portent sur le développement de nouveaux systèmes réducteurs en utilisant des hypophosphites comme substituts aux agents réducteurs toxiques traditionnels.Pour atteindre cet objectif, les nitriles aromatiques ont été réduits en aldéhydes correspondants par la formatio
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2

Smith, Athene Rachael Cecilia. "Catalytic asymmetric reduction of ketones." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302649.

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3

Studley, John Richard. "The asymmetric reduction of ketones." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307117.

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4

Slagbrand, Tove. "Development and Applications of Molybdenum-Catalyzed Chemoselective Amide Reduction." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för organisk kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145560.

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This thesis covers the development of catalytic methodologies for the mild and chemoselective hydrosilylation of amides. The first part describes the investigation of the Mo(CO)6-catalyzed reduction of carboxamides. It was found that the reduction could be controlled by tuning the reaction temperature and either amines or aldehydes could be obtained selectively. The system showed an unprecedented chemoselectivity and the amide reduction could take place in the presence of other reducible functional groups such as ketones, aldehydes, and imines. Moreover, the transformation could be performed o
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5

Comb, Anthony Lloyd. "Controlled reduction of organic substrates by alkali metals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293654.

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6

Wang, Yi. "Metal-organic and organic photosensitizers for photocatalytic hydrogen generation and carbon dioxide reduction." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2017. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/414.

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This thesis is focused on developing metal-organic and organic molecules for photocatalytic water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. In chapter 1, an overview of hydrogen production, dye-sensitized solar cells and carbon dioxide reduction are provided. The development history and reaction mechanisms of catalytic systems are introduced along with the typical examples in each field. The applications of both metal-organic and organic compounds are covered. In chapter 2, nine molecular organic photosensitizers were designed and synthesized. The nine molecules were employed as the photosensiti
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7

Zweni, Pumza P. "Dendrimer-transition metal catalyzed oxidation and reduction reactions." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10529.

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This project was launched with the aim of developing dendrimer catalysts for oxidation and reduction reactions. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) and poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimers were of interest because of their well-established synthesis. Chapter 1 describes the fundamentals of dendrimers and provides a brief insight of their application in catalysis. In particular, examples of dendritic catalysts that have been previously employed as oxidation and reduction catalysts are presented. Chapter 2 presents the synthesis and characterization of silica-supported PAMAM dendrimers, their phosphomethy
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8

Kwon, Beatsam. "Catalytic reduction of organic pollutants using supported metal nanoparticles." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23190/.

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Metal nanoparticle catalysts have in the last decades been extensively researched for their enhanced performance compared to their bulk counterpart. Properties of nanoparticles can be controlled by modifying their size and shape as well as adding a support and stabilizing agent. In this study, preformed colloidal gold nanoparticles supported on activated carbon were tested on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by NaBH4, a model reaction for evaluating catalytic activity of metal nanoparticles and one with high significance in the remediation of industrial wastewaters. Methods of wastewater remedia
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9

Padmanabhan, Anita Rema. "Novel Simultaneous Reduction/Oxidation Process for Destroying Organic Solvents." Digital WPI, 2008. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/465.

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Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most common groundwater pollutants in the United States and is a suspected carcinogen. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated that between 9% and 34% of the drinking water sources in the United States may contain TCE, and have set a maximum contaminant level of 5 ìg/L for drinking water. Traditional treatment technologies such as granular activated carbon and air stripping have only had marginal success at removing TCE from contaminated sites. Chemical oxidation processes have provided a promising alternative to traditional
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10

Al, Saheb Ahmad Abdul Rahman. "Total Organic Carbon Reduction of Sorting by-Product Fractions." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-24132.

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The drive of the EU countries and most of the world towards a circular economy and togenerate zero waste raised a need to study more efficient and less costly treatment processes. The treatment of secondary and by-product fractions to convert them from what is considered waste to a resource will contribute to the movement towards zero waste and circular economy. The fines fraction of construction and demolition waste (CDW) contains high organic materials measured as total organic carbon TOC above the allowed landfilling levels that are allowed for landfilling in Sweden, yet lower organic matte
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11

Aldea, Ioana Raluca. "Oxidation and reduction processes, investigation of new catalytic systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/NQ48082.pdf.

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12

Fonseca, Custodia do Sacramento Cruz. "Some mechanistic aspects of heterogenous catalytic transfer reduction." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250435.

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13

Lewis, John David. "An investigation of the enzymatic reduction of bicyclic ketones." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316234.

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14

Guo, Jiawen, and 郭嘉雯. "Chiral spirodiphosphine dioxides organocatalysis and hydrogen transfer reduction." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196023.

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Recently, during the past10 years, with the intensified attention paid to the environment and industrial development, there has been growing interest in organocatalysis. One important area of the organocatalysis is the development of new designs of chiral catalysts for the synthesis of optically pure products. Another important area is to develop methods to simplify the purification of multi-component reactions. A chiral spirobiindane-based bisphosphine oxide catalyst was synthesized and employed in various reactions including Abramov-type phosphonylation reactions, reductive aldol reaction
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15

PETSOM, AMORN. "SYNTHETIC AND MECHANISTIC STUDIES ON THE ELECTROOXIDATION OF ORGANIC THIOETHERS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184178.

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This research has been directed at the study of neighboring group participation in electrooxidation of thioethers. Controlled potential oxidation of substituted 1,3-dithiane in wet acetonitrile provides substituted 1,2-dithiolane 1-oxide in good yield. Thioethers appended with neighboring alcohols and carboxylate are catalytically oxidized in a redox cycle by bromide ion. The formation of the alkoxysulfonium salt intermediates in such reactions is confirmed by product study. On the other hand, the acyloxysulfonium salt intermediates in the electrooxidation of endo -6-methylthio-bicyclo [2.2.1]
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16

Hassan, Hassan Abbas. "Partial synthesis and regioselective reduction of steroidal 11,12-seco-dioic anhydrides." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281225.

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17

Briscoe, Mark William. "Electrochemical reduction of fluorinated systems and derived chemistry." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6549/.

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The work described in this thesis is divided into four sections: 1. The electrochemical reduction of fluorocarbon derivatives has been investigated. A number of systems have been studied analytically (using cyclic volt amine try) ; whilst preparatively a range of compounds have been synthesised, including semi-conducting polymers and four-membered perfluorocyclic products. 2. The use of sodium amalgam as an electromimetic medium to facilitate reduction of various fluorocarbon substrates has been studied. A series of volatile cyclic and acyclic F-dienes have been prepared from F-alkenes in good
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18

Higgins, Jessica Anne. "Organouranium complexes for the insertion and reduction of small molecules." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/53503/.

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This thesis explores the behaviour of U(III) and U(IV) organometallic complexes towards small molecules, with respect to both their reductive activity and insertion chemistry. A range of mixed-sandwich U(IV) organyl complexes of the form U(η-C8H6{1,4-SiiPr3}2)(η-C5Me5)(R) (= U(COTTIPS2Cp*(R), where R = CH3, CH2Ph, CH2TMS, CH{TMS}2) have been synthesised and the products of their reactions with CO2, CO, and H2 (κ2-carboxylates, η2-acyls, and a monomeric terminal hydride) have been characterised – all of which are formed under mild conditions (< 1 atm of gas, sub-ambient temperature). The hydrid
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19

Zimmermann, Marc. "Oxygen reduction reaction mechanism on glassy carbon in aprotic organic solvents." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI044/document.

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Afin de mieux comprendre et de dépasser les limites actuelles des systèmes métal-air non-aqueux, le mécanisme de réduction de l’oxygène (ORR) a été étudié en présence de cation alcalins dans divers solvants aprotiques. Sur la base de caractérisations électrochimiques sur électrode statique et d’électrodes tournantes disque-anneau, un mécanisme unique a été proposé afin de rendre compte de l’ORR en présence de cations alcalins. De plus, les différences observées d’un solvant à l’autre ont été expliquées en termes de capacité du solvant à solvater à la fois le cation alcalin en présence et l’ani
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20

Cooper, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Bacterial iron and manganese reduction driven by organic sulfur electron shuttles." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54894.

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Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of metals. DMRB are unique in that they possess the ability to couple metal reduction with their metabolism. Microbial Fe(III) respiration is a central component of a variety of environmentally important processes, including the biogeochemical cycling of iron and carbon in redox stratified water and sediments, the bioremediation of radionuclide-contaminated water, the degradation of toxic hazardous pollutants, and the generation of electricity in microbial fuel cells. Despite this environmental
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21

Sun, Xiao-Jing. "The extent and importance of single electron transfers in organic reactions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27981.

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22

Leggett, Suzanne McCarthy. "Volatile organic compound emission reduction strategies for industrial printing and coating processes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264655.

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23

Izadnia, Sharareh [Verfasser], and Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Stienkemeier. "Fluorescence lifetime reduction mechanisms of organic complexes studied by cluster isolation spectroscopy." Freiburg : Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162443359/34.

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24

Gordon, Keith. "MACT Implementation at an Organic Chemical Manufacturing Facility: Human Health Risk Reduction." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1222.

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Human health risk assessments are used by environmental regulatory agencies to determine risk from Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs). In this study, the Human Exposure Model (HEM-3) was used to compare the cancer and non-cancer inhalation health effects of a single organic chemical manufacturing facility in Geismar, Louisiana prior to and after Maximum Achievable Control Technologies (MACT) were implemented. The results indicate significant reductions in both cancer risk and non-cancer hazards. The analysis also indicated that the equivalent cancer risk reduction could have been achieved by addr
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25

Walpita, Janitha Kumara. "Iminium Based Electrocaralysts for Water Oxidation and Organic Photohydrides for Proton Reduction." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1431967855.

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26

Saleem, al-Shaqri Layla Mohammed. "Kinetic studies of inorganic and organic peroxo complexes /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099628.

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27

Meredith, Sylvia. "Synthesis of a Zinc Dipyrrin Complex for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/645.

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Zinc dipyrrin complexes have the potential to act as cheap, effective photosensitizers. Synthesizing and studying different types could lead to more efficient solar energy harvesting processes, especially the production of solar fuel. Here, two attempts to synthesize 1,3,7,9-tetraphenyl-5-mesityldipyrromethene are reported and discussed. According to 1H NMR, the first synthesis attempt was not successful. The second synthesis attempt was not purified effectively, so 1H NMR produced inconclusive results. Further purification strategies or alternate synthesis methods are required.
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28

Shaw, Sudipta. "Role of ATP Hydrolysis and Mechanism of Substrate Reduction in Nitrogenase." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5729.

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Nitrogenase consists of two metalloproteins, the MoFe protein and the Fe protein. The MoFe protein is an α2β2 heterotetramer and the Fe protein is an α2 homodimer. The catalytic cycle of nitrogenase involves binding of the Fe protein to each αβ catalytic half of the MoFe protein, electron transfer followed by ATP hydrolysis, Pi release and eventually dissociation of the two proteins. This cycle has to be repeated eight consecutive times to reduce one molecule of N2. The two catalytic halves of the MoFe protein had been considered to be independent of each other. The research presented here sho
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29

Eltouny, Nermin. "Reduction of anthropogenic volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds by nanomaterials and photolysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86968.

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Anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic (SVOCs) compounds are atmospheric pollutants contributing to the photochemical formation of tropospheric ozone. We combined adsorption and UV photolysis techniques for the removal and degradation of selected VOCs and SVOCs. For adsorption, we synthesized magnetite nanoparticles, a naturally occurring material, to avoid unknown detrimental impacts associated with new materials, as was the case with chlorofluorcarbons. The removal efficiency with magnetite was up to 98 % for aromatics, and 30% for light alkanes. Magnetite
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30

Dobbing, Andrew Mark. "Mechanisms of reduction of E.coli R2 ribonucleotide reductase by dithionite and organic radicals." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246717.

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31

Sommers, Jacob. "Towards Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting via Small Organic Shuttles." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34607.

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This thesis studies the development of a new method for photochemical overall water splitting using a small organic shuttle. In Section 2, BiVO4, was studied to determine the CO2 reduction mechanism and how catalytic activity decays. BiVO4 catalysts were capable of producing a maximum of 200 μmol of methanol per gram of catalyst from CO2 in basic media, and later decomposed by BiVO4. The decay of BiVO4¬ was studied by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, demonstrating reversible decomposition of BiVO4. BiVO4 is etched, leeching vanadium into solution, while nanoparticles of bi
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32

Dahlen, Joseph. "REDUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS EMITTED DURING KILN DRYING OF SOUTHERN YELLOW PINE LUMBER." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10172008-085347/.

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The objective of the research is to reduce the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during kiln drying of southern yellow pine (SYP) lumber. Three treatment methods were explored to determine their effect on VOC emissions. The three methods were configured at the air exhaust of a pilot-scale dry kiln. 1) A steel reactor containing copper tubing heated to 100°, 200°, and 240° Celsius was evaluated. Temperature did not statistically affect VOC emissions (p-value = 0.1674). The average reduction of VOCs at 240° C was seven percent. 2) The use of hydrogen peroxide and ultra-violet (UV) light
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33

Riddle, Derek S. "Model Order Reduction and Control of an Organic Rankine Cycle Waste Heat Recovery System." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu150055199341535.

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34

Chua, Jonathan. "Exploring new reactions with Organic Electron Donors and the complexities of the Birch reduction." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26437.

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Reductive σ-bond cleavages of challenging substrates under metal-free, mild conditions have recently been achieved with photoactivated super-electron donor (SED). These include (but are not limited to) C-O bonds of benzylic ethers and esters, C-N bonds of benzylic sulfonamides and aromatic amides. This work has successfully widened the substrate scope of reduction by SED to include i) the C-O bond cleavages of phenolic esters and aryl ethers and ii) the C-S bond cleavages of aromatic sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones. Previously it was also discovered that the X-N bond of several amides were r
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35

Connolly, Matthew James. "Selective routes to substituted dihydropyridones." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2e670c3f-e928-46c5-a1db-28bc1a6609e6.

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Introduction: The introduction provides a survey of the natural product and pharmaceutical targets accessible from dihydropyridines and dihydropyridones as well as an overview of previous work carried out towards the synthesis of these valuable intermediates. The mechanism, scope and limitations of the various approaches are covered, along with the goals of this project. Results and Discussion: A Regioselective Route to Dihydropyridones. The regioselective addition of nucleophiles to a range of disubstituted pyridinium salts has been achieved, with selectivity determined by hard/soft factors.
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36

Williams, Kia. "Metal-Organic Frameworks and MOF-derived Carbon Materials for Fuel Cell Applications." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7452.

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Rapid industrial globalization and technological development and energy consumption across the globe has significantly increased in response to mounting energy needs. The necessity for alternative and sustainable energy conversion devices has become apparent with the growth of energy utilization. In recent years, many research efforts have been made in the development of low-cost, efficient, environmentally friendly energy conversion devices. One type of energy conversion device, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), uses hydrogen oxidation at the anode and oxyg
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37

Fung, Shun On. "Reduction of odor generation through composting process control." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/827.

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38

Tobler, Nicole Béatrice. "Iron-mediated coupling of microbial oxidation and abiotic reduction of organic contaminants in anoxic environments /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17155.

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39

Mirjafari, Parissa. "Complex biochemical reactors for selenium and sulphate reduction : organic material biodegradation and microbial community shifts." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46013.

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Biochemical reactors using complex organic materials for treatment of mine-affected waters are attractive low-cost solutions, but their widespread adoption is severely limited by poor reliability and limited longevity. This is in part due to lack of guidance on which organic materials to use, their degradation over time, and how this affects the microbial community composition, which in turn influences reactor performance. Continuous-flow column bioreactors containing differing ratios of a wood, hay and manure mixture were operated for 159 to 430 days including successful and decline phases of
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Forkel, Nina. "Lanthanide replacement in organic synthesis : calcium-mediated Luche-type reduction of α,β-functionalised ketones". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/29117.

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Complexes of alkaline earth metals (Ca, Sr, and Ba) exhibit lanthanide-like reactivity and coordination behaviour, thus it is not surprising that such alkaline earth metals are also often compared to early f-block lanthanides. Attention has been focused on calcium-catalysed reactions as calcium, the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, is not only a cheaper alternative to lanthanide salts but is also less toxic, due to its high biocompatibility. As a result, the use of calcium complexes to catalyse a broad range of reactions in organic synthesis has increased tremendously over the
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41

Abeywickrama, Thulitha Madawa. "Metal-Organic Hybrid Nanocomposites For Energy Harvesting Applications." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1748.

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Various synthetic methods have been developed to produce metal nanostructures including copper and iron nanostructures. Modification of nanoparticle surface to enhance their characteristic properties through surface functionalization with organic ligands ranging from small molecules to polymeric materials including organic semiconducting polymers is a key interest in nanoscience. However, most of the synthetic methods developed in the past depend widely on non-aqueous solvents, toxic reducing agents, and high temperature and high-pressure conditions. Therefore, to produce metal nanostructures
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42

McKerlie, Fiona. "Reduction of α-aryloxy carbonyl compounds with samarium (II) iodide : a novel traceless linker for the solid phase synthesis of carbonyl compounds." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269503.

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43

Paulauskienė, Tatjana. "Research of pollution by volatile organic compounds in ambient air and its reduction in oil terminals." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080723_095105-84463.

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This day environment pollution research and modern environment protection technology installation became a prior aspect not only in our country, but also in the whole world. The intensification and development of the industrial processes has a negative impact on human’s health and environment. As a result, it increases waste products accumulation. It also has a disbalance of natural processes and reckless waste of natural resources. All of the above can cause greenhouse effect formation. Because of intensive expansion of energy, in industrial and transportation sectors, there is significant in
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44

Pessina, Florent. "Toward particle size reduction by spray flash evaporation : the case of organic energetic crystals and cocrystals." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE031/document.

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La cristallisation en continu de nanoparticules énergétiques est un défi de longue date. Le Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) est une technique majeure développée et brevetée en interne, pour la production en continu de matériaux énergétiques submicroniques ou nanométriques ; la technologie se base sur la surchauffe d’un solvant pulvérisé dans le vide et s’évaporant de manière flash. Ce présent travail de recherche a pour but de comprendre et contrôler la cristallisation au sein du procédé SFE. Le RDX et le cocristal CL-20:HMX 2:1 sont étudiés. La sursaturation, concernant le SFE, est une fonction
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45

Källström, Klas. "Catalytic asymmetric ketone and alkene reductions using transition metal complexes /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6839.

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46

Polapally, Mamatha. "Synthesis,Structure and Properties of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Metalloligand Based Metal-Organic Frameworks." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2035.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively studied because of their amazing applications in gas storage, purification, photocatalysis, chemical sensing, and imaging techniques. Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes have been broadly considered as photosensitizers for the conversion of solar energy and photoelectronic materials. With this aspect, we have synthesized three new ruthenium polypyridyl based MOFs ([Ru(H2bpc)Cu(bpc)(Hbpc)2(H2O)]·5H2O (1), [Ru(H2bpc)(Fe(bpc)(Hbpc)2(H2O)2]·6H2O (2) and [Ru(H2bpc)Ni(bpc)(Hbpc)2(H2O)2]·6H2O (3)) from ruthenium(III) chloride, bpc (2,2’- bipyridine-4,
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47

Biswas, Debanjan. "A Modified Procedure for the Synthesis of Bis(phenylenedioxy)tetrathiafulvalene (BPDO-TTF): an Electron Donor for Charge Transfer Organic Complexes." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0710102-123535/restricted/BixwasD073102.pdf.

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48

Ngo, Thuhuong T. "Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 with Tunable Bandgap and Bandedge Materials." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6551.

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Solar energy is a sustainable resource which has substantial potential to meet the increasing demand for renewable energy. Though there has been some success in harvesting solar energy for electricity production, converting solar energy to chemical energy as fuels is still a challenge due to low efficiency. Since the discovery of TiO2 photocatalysts for splitting water (4) and reducing CO2 (5) to form useful chemical feedstock such as H2, CO and CH4, much research has been done to increase the efficiency of photocatalysts. However, the current conversion efficiency of photocatalysts remains lo
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49

Bai, Yuge [Verfasser]. "Natural organic matter (NOM) electron shuttling stimulates microbial Fe(III)-mineral reduction at centimeter-scales / Yuge Bai." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223451062/34.

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50

Teulade-Fichou, Marie-Paule. "Vers une homologation de la reaction de michaelis-becker : avantage dans la preparation des phosphonates fonctionnels." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066599.

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Abstract:
La methode de preparation utilise des carbanions phosphonates lithies (z)::(2)p(y)chrli. Elle realise l'introduction sur le phosphore et le carbone en position 1 de substituants non accessibles par le rearrangement thermique de michaelis-arbuzot. Ce procede est applique a des structures phosphoniques d'interet synthetique et biologique. Ce sont d'une part les alkylidene diphosphonates et d'autre part les formyl-1 phosphonate delta
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