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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Organic synthesis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Organic synthesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Organic synthesis"

1

Dai, Mingji, Xinpei Cai, and Yu Bai. "Total Syntheses of Spinosyn A." Synlett 29, no. 20 (2018): 2623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610249.

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Spinosyn A is an important polycyclic natural product with impressive insecticidal activity and has been used worldwide in agriculture as the major component of Spinosad. Herein, four chemical total syntheses of spinosyn A are summarized. Its biosynthesis and a chemoenzymatic total synthesis are discussed as well.1 Biosynthesis2 The Evans Synthesis3 The Paquette Synthesis4 The Roush Synthesis5 The Liu Synthesis6 The Dai Synthesis7 Conclusions

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Trofimov, B. A., and E. Yu Schmidt. "SUPERBASES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS." Chemical Problems 20, no. 4 (2022): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2022-3-325-340.

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In this concise review, an emphasis is laid on the important role of superbases as catalysts and reagents in organic synthesis that so far remain underestimated. Diverse approaches to understand the superbasicity phenomenon are considered and the definition of superbase is given. Typical compositions of most widespread superbase systems are systematized and tabulated. The representative classic organic reactions assisted by superbases are surveyed.

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Huang, Jianhui, Caifeng Li, Liu Liu, and Xuegang Fu. "Norbornene in Organic Synthesis." Synthesis 50, no. 15 (2018): 2799–823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610143.

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The norbornene skeleton possesses an alkene functionality with a fixed conformation, and represents unique reactivity. The use of norbornene and analogues as substrates is overviewed; reactivities are discussed as well as the role of norbornenes as ligands assisting modern organic transformations.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Substituted Norbornenes2.1 Preparation of Functionalized Norbornenes by Deprotonation and Substitution Reactions2.2 Preparation of Functionalized Norbornenes under Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction Conditions2.3 Alkylation of Norbornene2.4 Multistep Synthesis3 Synthesis of Substituted Norbornanes3.1 Three-Membered-Ring Formation3.2 Formation of Four-Membered Rings3.3 Five- and Six-Membered Ring Formation3.4 Syntheses of Difunctionalized Norbornanes4 Synthesis of Cyclopentanes4.1 Oxidation Reactions4.2 Ring-Opening Cross Metathesis (ROCM)4.3 Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)4.4 Palladium-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Norbornene5 Norbornene-Mediated Reactions5.1 Palladium Insertion into Carbon–Halide Bonds5.2 Palladium Insertion into N–H and C–H Bonds5.3 Norbornene as Ligand in Mediated Reactions6 Conclusion

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Tatrishvili, Tamara, and Omar Mukbaniani. "Cyclic Silicon Organic Copolymers: Synthesis and Investigation. Review." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 18, no. 2 (2024): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht18.02.131.

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This paper considers the synthesis and investigation of cyclic silicon-organic polymers with mono- and polycyclic fragments in the side chain. For obtaining monocyclic polymers, the hydrosilylation reaction of 1-hydro-3-vinylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane was used. The reaction was conducted in a CCl4 solution at 75°C in the presence of Speier’s catalyst (H2PtCl6  6H2O) to produce a viscous-flow at room temperature polymer. The polymers were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Poly(carbosiloxane) with cyclic fragments in the methyl-siloxane backbone was synthesized by the hydride polyaddition of divinylorganocyclosiloxane with dihydrodimethylsiloxane. A semi-quantitative assessment conducted using NMR spectroscopy revealed the ratio of isomeric 1,3- and 1,5-cyclic structures as 1:1. X-ray diffraction studies indicated that copolymers are single-phase amorphous systems. Also, in the review, synthesis and studies of carbosiloxane copolymers containing flexible dimethylsiloxane and decaorganotricyclodecasiloxane fragments in the backbone are discussed. Hydride polyaddition of divinyl-containing compounds was carried out for -dihydridedimethylsiloxanes of various lengths. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by the X-ray diffraction method and TGA.

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Chabukswar, Vasant, Sanjay Bhavsar, and Amit Horne. "Organic Synthesis and Characterization of Electrically Conducting Poly(o-Toluidine) Doped with Organic Acid." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 5, no. 1 (2011): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht05.01.037.

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Wang, Yi, Han Ding, and Ge Ging Xu. "Computer Aided Organic Synthesis Based on Graph Grammars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.227.

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Traditionally, computer aided organic synthesis is based on the one-dimensional string model that employs string grammars to tackle the structure of molecular; the processing of organic reactions, and the establishment of the knowledge bases and file systems. Because of the limitations of one-dimensional method for tackling two-dimensional issues like organic syntheses, this paper presents a method for computer aided organic synthesis based on two-dimensional graph grammars. The method could apply the basic principle of the graph grammars to effectively and efficiently solve organic synthesis problems.

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Yevchuk, Iryna, Oksana Demchyna, Viktoriya Kochubey, Hanna Romaniuk, and Zenoviya Koval. "Synthesis and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Membranes Containing Sulphogroups." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 7, no. 1 (2013): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht07.01.089.

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Simpkins, Nigel. "Organic Synthesis." Synthesis 1994, no. 05 (1994): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1994-25518.

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Kondo, Yoshinori, Masahiro Ueno, and Yoshiyuki Tanaka. "Organic Synthesis Using Organic Superbase." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 63, no. 5 (2005): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.63.453.

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Sharma, Upendra, Inder Kumar, and Rakesh Kumar. "Recent Advances in the Regioselective Synthesis of Indoles via C–H Activation/Functionalization." Synthesis 50, no. 14 (2018): 2655–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1609733.

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Indole is an important heterocyclic motif that occurs ubiquitously in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Immense efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of indoles starting from the Fisher indole synthesis to the recently developed C–H activation/functionalization-based methods. Herein, we have reviewed the progress made on the regioselective synthesis of functionalized indoles, including 2-substituted, 3-substituted and 2,3-disusbstituted indoles, since the year 2010.1 Introduction2 Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Substituted Indoles3 Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Substituted Indoles4 Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Substituted Indoles5 Metal-Catalyzed 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis5.1 Metal-Catalyzed Intramolecular 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis5.2 Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis6 Metal-Free 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis6.1 N-Protected 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis6.2 N-Unprotected 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis7 Applications8 Summary and Outlook

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organic synthesis"

1

Coates, Helen Margaret. "Synthetic studies towards stemofoline synthesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238730.

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Lau, Shing Hing. "Organic synthesis : taming chemistry using enabling technologies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273347.

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This thesis describes the application of flow chemistry to discovery and development of medicinal compound synthesis and new chemical methodologies respectively. It is divided into three distinct sections. The first section addresses a brief introduction to flow chemistry, highlighting the advantages and challenges that have been faced in the past and present and also the outlook to the future. The second section reports the integration of machine-assisted methods with batch processes to produce two medicinal compounds, a precursor to the sacubitril and OZ439 respectively. In the respect to the precursor to sacubritil, a flow-batch integrated synthesis is developed to provide the desired product in 54% yield over 7 steps from commercially available 4-iodophenyl. In particular, a tube-in-tube gas flow reactor was employed in three gas-liquid reactions without the need for installing a costly highpressure autoclave. These gas-lquid reactions were an ethylene Heck coupling reaction, an anti-Markovnikov Wacker oxidation and a rhodium-catalysed stereoselective hydrogenation respectively. In addition, a diastereoselective Reformatsky-type carbethoxyallylation using zinc metal was also highlighted in this synthesis to install an important stereocentre. A new antimalarial agent, OZ439 containing a trioxolane unit as the main structural feature, has the unique property of providing a single-dose cure for malaria in humans and has recently completed phase IIb trials. A machine-enabled process for the preparation of OZ439 was developed in 33% overall yield over 5 steps without the need of column chromatography purification. This preparation features a selective continuous hydrogrenation, Griesbaum ozonlysis and a Zn-catalysed amide reduction in the present of triethoxylsilane. The third section contains the development of two new methodologies of diazo compounds with organoboron compounds. The first methodology involves an in situ generation of transient allylic boronic species by reacting TMSCHN2 and E-vinyl boronic acids in flow, followed by subsequent trapping with a range of aldehydes (15 examples, 55-97% yield) and on a large scale (10 mmol) to provide homoallylic alcohols with high diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr confirmed by 1H NMR). This multicomponent metal-free reaction could also be applied under batch conditions (20 further examples, 60-82% yield). The second methodology involves the preparation of an organodimetallic compound, α-trimethylsilyl benzylboronic acid pinacol esters, by reacting TMSCHN2 and phenylboronic anhydrides (21 examples, 60-91% yield), and the development of their applications as bifunctional building blocks to complex structures.

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Desai, Bimbisar. "Microwave assisted organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842821/.

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The area of chemical research and synthesis increasingly recognises the need for improved technologies and methods, which involves chemical processes with less energy consumption, time savings, reduction and/or minimisation of waste, simple processes and an overall clean production. Microwave heating has been exploited in a variety of disciplines for many useful applications and organic synthesis is an area, which has benefited significantly over the past decade. The present study investigates organic reactions accelerated under microwave irradiations. In particular, the study involves use of recyclable Polymer and Inorganic Solid Supported Reagents for application in transfer hydrogenation. Reductions of electron deficient alkenes have been studied using polymer and inorganic solid supported formates. Microwave irradiations have been used to study transfer hydrogenations in presence of Wilkinson's catalyst [RhCl(PPh3)3]. The application of the Polymer Supported Reagents (PSR) has been investigated for studying transfer hydrogenation in N-benzyl deprotections. Microwave assisted synthesis of formamides from primary and secondary amines have been studied using supported formates. Microwave irradiations have also been applied in studying heterocycle synthesis by cycloaddition of nitrones with Pt (II) and Pd(II) bound organonitriles. The study broadly demonstrates a means of simplifying reaction procedures and purification along with reduction in waste of reagents and release of toxic residues. More importantly, use of microwave irradiations has been used to substantially improve the reaction yields and reduce reaction times, lower energy consumption and solvent volumes. The use of this methodology significantly benefits in the development of "Green Chemistry" and automated systems for chemical synthesis in many industrial sectors.

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Sarkar, Achintya Kumar. "Allylsilanes in organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292242.

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Hetherington, Peter. "Organic synthesis with bromonitromethane." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317552.

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Short, Robert Paul 1951. "Organoboranes in organic synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14204.

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O'Rourke, Christopher. "Photocatalysis for organic synthesis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675420.

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A wide range of commercially available self-cleaning materials/products are now available, from architectural materials, such as; glass, paint, plastics, and concrete, to water and air purification systems. These products exploit the destructive oxidative nature of SPC to purify air and water. In contrast, this thesis introduces the less well studied use of SPC to mediate the synthesis of a range of useful organic species, and aims to develop a fast screening process for monitoring such reactions to aid future developments in SPC mediated organic synthesis. It is demonstrated that NMR is a very effective way to monitor SPC mediated organic reactions. By coating the inside of an NMR tube with a sol-gel titania film, and performing SPC reactions in-situ, inside a sealed NMR tube on a 1 mL scale, the need for sample-taking and pre-treatment is negated. The small scale also allows for much faster reaction times. For example, it is shown for the SPC oxidation of toluene, that the use of this NMR/sol-gel titania method is ca. 10 times faster than the more conventional large scale (100 mL) reaction utilising a titania dispersion, whilst still providing similar product yields, thus, demonstrating a new rapid screening method for SPC mediated organic synthesis reactions. Using the new fast screening NMR tube method, the SPC C-C coupling of phenoxyacetic acid (PAA) with N-methylmaleimide (NMI) to produce adduct and cyclic products in yields up to 67% and 15% respectively after only 15 min of UVA irradiation was assessed in detail. Despite the well-known photochemical feature of NMI to form dimers efficiently, the background photochemistry and photocatalysis associated with the individual reactants are shown to be minimal due to the faster SPC kinetics for the coupling reaction. Acrylamide (ACM) was also used in the SPC C-C coupling with PAA, gaving rise to only one product, 4-phenoxybutanamide, in high yields (78%). This efficient reaction was then used to assess the robustness and reusability of the titania coated NMR tubes.

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O'Riordan, Timothy Jeremiah Cornelius. "Synthesis of the pyrrolidinone core of oxazolomycin A." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:298746d3-69df-47b9-8a83-7949df1c94dc.

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This thesis describes the development of synthetic strategies towards the densely functionalised pyrrolidinone core of the polyene β-lactone-γ-lactam antibiotic oxazolomycin A. <strong>Chapter 1 The oxazolomycins</strong> The oxazolomycins, a unique class of biologically active molecules containing a spiro-fused β-lactone-γ-lactam ring system are introduced. The isolation, structural elucidation and biological properties of the oxazolomycins as well as those of the structurally related inthomycins are reviewed. <strong>Chapter 2 Previous syntheses</strong> The two total syntheses of neooxazolomycin and the synthetic approaches to the pyrrolidinone core of oxazolomycin A and KSM-2690 B are evaluated. <strong>Chapter 3 Project aims</strong> An outline of the synthetic strategy employed in this project and details of the novel retrosynthesis of the pyrrolidinone core of oxazolomycin A are discussed. <strong>Chapter 4 Synthetic studies towards the pyrrolidinone core of oxazolomycin A</strong> The synthetic studies carried out towards the pyrrolidinone core of oxazolomycin A are described in detail. The preparation of an advanced intermediate containing the five chiral centres, four of which are contiguous, was achieved in twenty steps as a single diastereomer and as a single enantiomer. <strong>Chapter 5 Synthetic studies towards the middle fragment of oxazolomycin A</strong> A novel synthetic approach to the diene fragment contained in oxazolomycin A is reported. The formal synthesis of a dienyl iodide, in four fewer steps than previously reported was accomplished. <strong>Chapter 6 Conclusions and future work</strong> A summary of the synthetic work reported in this thesis and proposals for future study are presented. <strong>Chapter 7 Experimental</strong> Full experimental procedures and characterisation of compounds are reported. <strong>Chapter 8 References</strong> A complete list of citations employed in the previous seven chapters is provided.

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Tilliet, Mélanie. "Synthesis and study of new oxazoline-based ligands." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Organisk kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4858.

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This thesis deals with the study of oxazoline-based ligands in metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. The first part describes the synthesis of six new bifunctinal pyridine-bis(oxazoline) ligands and their applications in asymmetric metal-catalysis. These ligands, in addition to a Lewis acid coordination site, are equipped with a Lewis basic part in the 4-position of the oxazoline rings. Dual activation by means of this system was probed in cyanide addition to aldehydes. The second part is concerned with the synthesis of two pyridine-bis(oxazoline) ligands bearing bulky triazole groups in the 4-position of the oxazoline rings and a macrocyclic ligand consisting of a pyridine-bis(oxazoline) moiety and a diaza-18-crown-6 ether. The synthesis of these compounds benefits from the use of “click chemistry”. The ligands thus obtained were tested in different asymmetric catalytic reactions. Complexation studies with different bifunctional molecules that could bind into the cavity of the macrocycle were carried out using NMR spectroscopy. A third chapter is devoted to the synthesis of a supported pyridine-bis(oxazoline) catalyst and its use in catalysis. The pyridine-bis(oxazoline) ligand was efficiently connected to a polystyrene resin via a robust triazole linker. This resin could be employed in different metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions and good results were obtained in terms of yield and enantioselectivity. Moreover, this polymer-bound ligand could be easily and efficiently recycled. Finally, the last part deals with the use of a hydroxy-containing phosphinooxazoline ligand in the hydrosilylation of imines and in the asymmetric intermolecular Heck reaction. A cationic iridium complex of this ligand was studied by NMR spectroscopy.<br>QC 20100914

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Nimkar, Sandeep Krishnaji. "Studies in asymmetric synthesis: Development of new synthetic methods for syntheses of natural products." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186538.

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The research, to be discussed in three chapters, involves the development of new synthetic methods which are applicable to the total synthesis of many natural products. Chapter 1: As a part of a program to synthesize new auxiliary agents for asymmetric synthesis, we have prepared a structurally rigid acetal from norbornene in three chemical steps. This enantiomerically pure acetal has been used for resolution of racemic α-hydroxy esters and might be applied as a chiral auxiliary for diastereoselective reactions. Chapter 2: The Calicheamicin and Esperamicin antibiotics have shown remarkable biological activity as site-specific cleaving agents of double stranded DNA. The oligosaccharide portion of these molecules plays an important role in the site specificity. We have developed synthetic methodologies that allow synthesis of the deoxyaminosugar components of these antibiotics and can be extended to synthesize unnatural amino sugars for structure-activity studies. Chapter 3: Enantiomerically pure cyclopropyl ketones, which are available via chiral ketals, are very useful for syntheses and diastereoselective manipulations of common and large rings. This method has been extended to introduce up to four contiguous chiral centers in a common ring. This extension could be useful for the syntheses of complex natural products.

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Books on the topic "Organic synthesis"

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Hans-Günther, Schmalz, and Wirth Thomas 1964-, eds. Organic synthesis highlights V. Wiley-VCH, 2003.

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Norman, R. O. C. Principles of organic synthesis. 3rd ed. ELBS with Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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Taber, Douglass F. Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470056312.

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Smith, Michael B. Organic synthesis. McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Willis, Christine L. Organic synthesis. Oxford University Press, 1995.

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Volke, J. Electrochemistry in organic synthesis. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Halgaš, Ján. Biocatalysts in organic synthesis. Elsevier, 1992.

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Boons, Geert-Jan. Organic synthesis with carbohydrates. Sheffield Academic Press, 2000.

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D, Coyle J., Carless H. A. J, and Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), eds. Photochemistry in organic synthesis. Royal Society of Chemistry, 1986.

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Rahman, Atta-ur. Stereoselective synthesis in organic chemistry. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Organic synthesis"

1

Yamada, Shinji. "Organic Synthesis". У The Cation–π Interaction. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7335-2_4.

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Ameta, Chetna, Arpit Kumar Pathak, and P. B. Punjabi. "Organic Synthesis." In Sonochemistry. Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22323-4.

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Okuyama, Tadashi, and Howard Maskill. "Organic Synthesis." In Organic Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780199693276.003.0023.

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This chapter looks at the reactions used in organic synthesis. It defines organic synthesis as the directed preparation of a sought compound usually, but not invariably, with some structural complexity from simple, readily available compounds. The chapter also develops the concept of retrosynthesis further and examines how to identify routes for syntheses of target compounds by applying organic reactions. Organic synthesis is one of the ultimate goals of organic chemistry and provides limitless opportunities to challenge the scientific imagination. The chapter then proceeds to discuss the synthons and the corresponding reagents as well as the reaction selectivity. Finally, the chapter elaborates on linear and convergent strategies, and presents some examples of organic synthesis.

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Willis, Christine L., and Martin Wills. "Selected organic syntheses." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198557913.003.0008.

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This chapter presents a case history of selected syntheses of a class of natural products known as the pyrrolizidine alkaloids to bring together the aspects of organic synthesis. The pyrrolizidines are a group of alkaloids which are characterized by the presence of the basic necine skeleton. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids exhibit remarkably diverse types of biological activity and have been reported to act as antitumor agents. The chapter then describes four methods for the synthesis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Each route has its own particular merits, e.g. the route to platynecine gives the highest yield, the second method for the synthesis of retronecine uses stereoselectivity to good effect, and of course, the route to (+)–heliotridine is the only enantioselective synthesis.

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Morrow, Gary W. "Organic Synthesis in the Laboratory." In Bioorganic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199860531.003.0011.

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The German chemist Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with the first laboratory synthesis of a known organic compound (urea) from inorganic materials. He accomplished this by the simple heating of an inorganic salt, ammonium cyanate (NH4OCN). “I must tell you,” he wrote to his mentor Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1828, “that I can prepare urea without requiring a kidney of an animal, either man or dog.” While this report may seem relatively minor given the structural simplicity of urea, its impact was revolutionary. For the first time, the preparation and isolation of an organic compound had been achieved in the absence of the elemental “vital force” of living systems previously believed to be required for the construction of all such compounds. This milestone of 19th century organic chemistry was later followed by many others, including Kolbe’s synthesis of acetic acid in 1847 and Fischer’s synthesis of glucose in 1890. With the support of evolving methods for compound separation, purification, and spectroscopic analysis, rapid advances in the sophistication of organic synthesis followed throughout the 20th century, developing in tandem with an ever-deepening understanding of the underlying organic processes associated with living systems. While it is certainly true that syntheses of many structurally complex unnatural compounds of theoretical interest are also among the most remarkable achievements in synthetic strategy, tactical execution, and perseverance, the realm of natural products remains the dominant source for the most challenging and potentially beneficial targets available for such synthetic efforts. Figure 8.1 shows a small selection of some natural (and unnatural) products which have been produced via synthesis over the years, from Wöhler’s time to the present. Note the increasing levels of structural sophistication and stereochemical complexity that have eventually been mastered by practitioners of organic synthesis. In our own time, the traditional boundaries between organic and biological chemistry are disappearing in ways that are likely to transform the design and synthesis of organic molecules, from the construction of synthetic biologicals designed to act as biomarkers, biosensors, or drug delivery agents, to the development of molecular motors, self-replicating macromolecular systems, and even synthetic life forms.

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Smith, Michael B. "Student Synthesis: The First Synthetic Problem." In Organic Synthesis. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-890661-40-3.50014-4.

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Willis, Christine L., and Martin Wills. "Retrosynthetic analysis I: The basic concepts." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198557913.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the basic concepts of retrosynthetic analysis. When presented with a specific target molecule, a synthetic route must be designed which enables a pure sample of the desired product to be obtained using a convenient and efficient procedure. Chemists have developed a logical approach for the design of routes for the preparation of organic compounds which involves working the synthesis backwards by making strategic carbon–carbon bond cleavages at points where, in the forward reaction, bond forming reactions may be achieved. This is known as either the disconnection approach or retrosynthetic analysis. The fundamentals of the process of retrosynthetic analysis may be demonstrated by consideration of the synthesis of the secondary alcohol.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Cyclic Ethers: Boivivianin B (Murakami), SC- Δ 13 -9-IsoF (Taber), Brevisamide (Panek, Lindsley,Ghosh), Gambierol (Mori)." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0050.

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The challenge of controlling the relative and absolute configuration of highly substituted cyclic ether-containing natural products continues to stimulate the development of new synthetic methods. Masahiro Murakami of Kyoto University showed (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 6050) that Rh-mediated addition of an aryl boronic acid to 1 proceeded with high syn diastereocontrol, giving 3. This set the stage for Au-mediated rearrangement, leading to 4. We found (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 5516) that asymmetric epoxidation of 5 followed by exposure to AD-mix could be used to prepare each of the four diastereomers of 6. We carried 6 on the isofuran 7, using a stereodivergent strategy that allowed the preparation of each of the 32 enantiomerically pure diastereomers of the natural product. Following up on the synthesis of brevisamide 16 described (Organic Highlights, November 16, 2009) by Kazuo Tachibana of the University of Tokyo, three groups reported alternative total syntheses. James S. Panek of Boston University prepared (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4390) the cyclic ether of 16 by addition of the enantiomerically pure silane 9 to 8. Craig W. Lindsley of Vanderbilt University used (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 3950) SmI2 to effect the cyclization of 11 to 12. Arun K. Ghosh of Purdue University employed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4164) an enantiomerically pure Cr catalyst to direct the absolute configuration in the hetero Diels-Alder addition of 14 to 13. Rubottom oxidation of the enol ether so formed led to the α-hydroxy ketone 15. Yuji Mori of Meijo University described (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4382) the total synthesis of the Gambierdiscus toxicus ladder ether gambierol 19. A key strategy, used repeatedly through the sequence, was the exo cyclization of an epoxy sulfone, illustrated by the conversion of 17 to 18. The epoxy sulfones were prepared by alkylating the anions derived from preformed epoxy sulfones such as 20.

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Willis, Christine L., and Martin Wills. "Retrosynthetic analysis III: Strategy and planning." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198557913.003.0004.

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This chapter offers some guidelines on devising synthetic routes to reasonably complex molecules. First, it is important to examine a number of possible retrosynthetic approaches to the target molecule before choosing an approach for which reagents are readily available and inexpensive and reactions which give a high yield of a single product at each stage. Second, one should try to divide the molecule into approximately equal halves; this will lead to a synthesis which is convergent. The third guideline is to aim for greatest simplification, giving straight chain fragments which are more likely to be commercially available or simply prepared. The fourth is to use any inherent symmetry in the target molecule. It is also important to introduce reactive functional groups at a late stage in a synthesis. Finally, one should introduce functional groups when and where required to facilitate bond-making.

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"Alkyne Metathesis in Synthesis: Syntheses of (+)-Ferrugine and Anatoxin-α." In Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470056312.ch42.

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Conference papers on the topic "Organic synthesis"

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Rosa, Fernanda A., Michael J. V. da Silva, Davana S. Gonçalves, Daniela H. Arita, Camila S. S. Tozatti, and Gisele de F. G. Bandoch. "Synthetic Application of New Enaminodiketone: Regioespecific Synthesis of Aza-Heterocycles." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_2013101145054.

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Aggarwal, Varinder. "Assembly Line Synthesis." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-speech3.

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Naciuk, Fabrício Fredo, Rebeca Malanzuk, Luiz Antonio Mazzini Fontoura, and Paulo C. M. L. Miranda. "Total Synthesis of Isoellipticine." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_2013913103848.

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Lopes, João Paulo B., Jessé S. da Costa, Dennis Russowsky, and Marco Antonio Ceschi. "Synthesis of tacrine-lophine hybrids." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0029-1.

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Bosenbecker, Juliano, Adriana M. das Neves, Daniela P. Gouvêa, Maieli C. Soares, and Wilson Cunico. "Synthesis of protease inhibitors derivatives." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0059-2.

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Martínez, Verónica R., Gloria Serra, and Danilo Davyt. "Synthesis of Bacillamide C analogues." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0066-1.

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Milan, Julio Cesar, Fabrício Fredo Naciuk, and and Paulo Miranda. "Total synthesis of caulibugulone B." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0243-1.

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Milan, Julio Cesar, Fabrício Fredo Naciuk, and and Paulo Miranda. "Total synthesis of caulibugulone B." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0257-2.

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Barcelos, Rosimeire C., and Ronaldo A. Pilli. "Synthesis of Novel Goniothalamin Analogs." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0327-1.

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Vasilev, Dimitar, and Ludger A. Wessjohann. "Synthesis of isoprenoid diphosphate mimetics." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0387-1.

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Reports on the topic "Organic synthesis"

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Reilly, S. D., D. R. Click, S. K. Grumbine, B. L. Scott, and J. G. Watkins. Asymmetric catalysis in organic synthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/677032.

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Liu, Zhijian. Novel Aryne Chemistry in Organic Synthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/897369.

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Bernstein, J., J. Y. Becker, S. Bittner, and S. S. Shaik. Electrically Conducting Organic Materials: Design, Synthesis and Characterization. Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada195095.

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Folz, Katherine E. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Organic Conducting Polymers. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425003.

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Rittman, Bruce. Biotic Transformations of Organic Contaminants. The Groundwater Project, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ousn4116.

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Biodegradation—the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms—is an important groundwater process that occurs naturally and is especially important for the in situ cleanup of contaminated groundwater. Pollutant biodegradation follows well-established principles that are summarized in this book. The first principle is that the microorganisms must grow and sustain themselves by oxidizing an electron-donor substrate (food) and transferring the electrons to an electron-acceptor substrate (respiration). This electron flow generates energy that the microorganisms use to fuel biomass synthesis. Most pollutants are either an electron acceptor or an electron donor, which means that their biotransformation can grow and sustain the microorganisms. Accordingly, it is critical to understand whether a pollutant is an electron donor or electron acceptor. This book systematically describes the biodegradation mechanisms for common organic pollutants in groundwater: The author identifies if the pollutant behaves as an electron donor or acceptor, and points out when special activation reactions are necessary to initiate biodegradation and put the pollutant into a chemical form that allows it to be an energy-yielding electron donor or acceptor. Special attention is given to organics derived from petroleum and those that have chlorine, fluorine, and nitro substituents.

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Zhang, Honghu. Bioinspired synthesis and self-assembly of hybrid organic–inorganic nanomaterials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1409201.

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Belfort, Georges. Combinatorial Membrane Synthesis: Fundamentals of Hybrid Metal-Organic Brush (MOB) Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration (Renewal). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2172/2335921.

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Sun, Ning. Process scale-up and optimization of the metal-organic framework synthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1618846.

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Matnishyan, Hakob A. Synthesis of New Organic Semiconducting Polymer Materials Having High Radiowave Absorption Rate. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494519.

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Bao, Zhenan. Synthesis, Morphological and Electrical Characterization of Solution Processable Low Bandgap Organic Materials. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494817.

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