Academic literature on the topic 'Organisation subcellulaire'

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Journal articles on the topic "Organisation subcellulaire"

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Nightingale, Daniel JH, Aikaterini Geladaki, Lisa M. Breckels, Stephen G. Oliver, and Kathryn S. Lilley. "The subcellular organisation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 48 (February 2019): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.10.026.

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Lv, H., J. C. Wang, K. L. Wu, X. Gao, L. C. Wang, L. You, and Z. J. Chen. "Numb regulates meiotic spindle organisation in mouse oocytes." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 4 (2010): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09236.

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Numb is an adaptor protein that controls the fate of cells in different species through asymmetrical inheritance by sibling cells during division. It has been investigated extensively in mitosis, mostly in neural progenitor cells, but its function in meiosis remains unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the expression, subcellular localisation and functional roles of Numb during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, we found that the expression of Numb increased from the germinal vesicle (GV) to MII stages. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that Numb was mainly concentrated in the GV before meiosis resumption, aggregated in the vicinity of the chromosomes after GV breakdown and then localised to the spindle poles from prometaphase I to MII. Nocodazole treatment resulted in spindle destruction and Numb diffusion into the cytoplasm. However, Numb appeared at the spindle poles again once the spindles had formed when nocodazole-treated oocytes were washed and cultured for spindle recovery. Depletion of Numb by RNA interference resulted in chromosome misalignment, spindle deformation and even doubled spindle formation. Our results suggest that Numb is critical for spindle organisation during mouse oocytes meiosis. The present study provides evidence of a new function for Numb in addition to its action as a cell fate-determining factor.
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Allen, Terry, Sandra Rutherford, Steve Bagley, Bob Morrison, and Martin Goldberg. "Cryo - Fesem of Subcellular Organisation Using an In-Lens Rod with A Vacuum Transfer System." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 724–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002969x.

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The recent increase in use of Field Emission Scanning Instruments in biology has shown the potential of these systems for sub-cellular imaging, as they essentially provide transmission EM levels of resolution for surface imaging. in structures lacking inherent contrast in thin sections, such as nuclear pore complexes,(NPC) high resolution surface imaging has provided significant complementary structural information to the macromolecular architecture of the NPC. (Goldberg and Allen, 1996). A series of intermediate structural forms of the NPC during its formation has also been described using FESEM, which would not have been resolvable in TEM.(Goldberg, Weise, Allen, Wilson, 1997). All this work was performed with chemical fixation, dehydration and critical point drying, followed by high resolution Chromium coating. We now are extending these studies to a cryo-preservation approach, mindful of the requirement of rapid freezing to preserve the more labile events of membrane dynamics, and also to circumvent the requirement to expose membranes to organic solvents during conventional dehydration.
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Nägele, Thomas, and Arnd G. Heyer. "Approximating subcellular organisation of carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation in different natural accessions ofArabidopsis thaliana." New Phytologist 198, no. 3 (March 14, 2013): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12201.

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Trinkle-Mulcahy, L., P. Ajuh, A. Prescott, F. Claverie-Martin, S. Cohen, A. I. Lamond, and P. Cohen. "Nuclear organisation of NIPP1, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 that associates with pre-mRNA splicing factors." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 2 (January 15, 1999): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.2.157.

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Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) is complexed to many proteins that target it to particular subcellular locations and regulate its activity. Here, we show that ‘nuclear inhibitor of PP1’ (NIPP1), a major nuclear PP1-binding protein, shows a speckled nucleoplasmic distribution where it is colocalised with pre-mRNA splicing factors. One of these factors (Sm) is also shown to be complexed to NIPP1 in nuclear extracts. Immunodepletion of NIPP1 from nuclear extracts, or addition of a ‘dominant negative’ mutant lacking a functional PP1 binding site, greatly reduces pre-mRNA splicing activity in vitro. These findings implicate the NIPP1-PP1 complex in the control of pre-mRNA splicing.
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Houthoofd, Wouter, Ruben Van Gansbeke, Gaëtan Borgonie, Wim Bert, and Sandra Vangestel. "The somatic female gonad of Cephalobidae (Nematoda): cellular architecture and associated function." Nematology 9, no. 2 (2007): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854107780739036.

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AbstractThe female reproductive system of the free-living nematode family Cephalobidae is examined by means of differential interference contrast, scanning electron and fluorescent microscopy. The model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the predatory nematode Prionchulus punctatus are also included in this study; the former mainly to test our results with the very detailed knowledge of this model organism, the latter to provide a representative of the more distantly related Enoplea. In this comparative approach, the analysed gonad structures are discussed with respect to their functional and phylogenetic significance. The general cellular composition of the cephalobid gonad – namely an oviduct comprising two rows of four cells, a distinctly offset spermatheca consisting of 8-16 cells, and a uterus composed of distinct cell rows – differs from all known Nematoda except that of the plant-parasitic Tylenchomorpha. Despite the striking evolutionary conservation of the cellular architecture of the cephalobid gonad there is a complex subcellular specialisation, namely a significant and functionally relevant variation in myofilament organisation, both among Cephalobidae and between major groups of nematodes. We demonstrate the presence of microfilaments that vary in pattern among species and that may play an important role in egg propulsion. The phenomenon of endotokia matricida, in which eggs do not leave the female body, is found to be associated with a massive rupture of the cytoskeleton in the uterus wall. The complexity of the myofibril structure and the associated potential to propagate oocytes actively cannot be solely explained by differences in phylogenetic history, but is also linked to body diameter. In the larger Acrobeloides maximus, the proximal end of the ovary sheath is adorned with 12 distinct longitudinal bands, antibody binding positively for paramyosin, while in the smaller Cephalobus cubaensis myofilament organisation is at random.
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Li, Xin, Yubo Zhu, Yan Cao, Qian Wang, Juan Du, Jianhui Tian, Yuanjing Liang, and Wei Ma. "LIM kinase activity is required for microtubule organising centre positioning in mouse oocyte meiosis." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 4 (2017): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd15406.

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LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) activity is essential for cell migration and cell cycle progression. Little is known about LIMK1 expression and function in mammalian oocytes. In the present study we assessed LIMK1 protein expression, subcellular distribution and function during mouse oocyte meiosis. Western blot analysis revealed high and stable expression of LIMK1 from the germinal vesicle (GV) to MII stage. In contrast, activated LIMK1 (i.e. LIMK1 phosphorylated at threonine 508 (pLIMK1Thr508)) was only detected after GV breakdown, with levels increasing gradually to peak at MI and MII. Immunofluorescence showed pLIMK1Thr508 was colocalised with the microtubule organising centre (MTOC) components pericentrin and γ-tubulin at the spindle poles. A direct interaction between γ-tubulin and pLIMK1Thr508 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. LIMK inhibition with 1 μM BMS3 damaged MTOC protein localisation to spindle poles, undermined the formation and positioning of functional MTOC and thus disrupted spindle formation and chromosome alignment. These effects were phenocopied by microinjection of LIMK1 antibody into mouse oocytes. In summary, the data demonstrate that LIMK activity is essential for MTOC organisation and distribution and so bipolar spindle formation and maintenance in mouse oocytes.
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Rossi, Daniela, Ilenia Simeoni, Marcella Micheli, Martin Bootman, Peter Lipp, Paul D. Allen, and Vincenzo Sorrentino. "RyR1 and RyR3 isoforms provide distinct intracellular Ca2+signals in HEK 293 cells." Journal of Cell Science 115, no. 12 (June 15, 2002): 2497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.12.2497.

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Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are expressed on the endoplasmic reticulum of many cells, where they form intracellular Ca2+-release channels that participate in the generation of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Here we report studies on the intracellular localisation and functional properties of transfected RyR1 or RyR3 channels in HEK 293 cells. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that both RyR1 and RyR3 did not form clusters but were homogeneously distributed throughout the endoplasmic reticulum. Ca2+ release experiments showed that transfected RyR1 and RyR3 channels responded to caffeine, although with different sensitivity,generating a global release of Ca2+ from the entire endoplasmic reticulum. However, video imaging and confocal microscopy analysis revealed that, in RyR3-expressing cells, local spontaneous Ca2+ release events were observed. No such spontaneous activity was observed in RyR1-expressing cells or in control cells. Interestingly, the spontaneous release events observed in RyR3-expressing cells were restricted to one or two regions of the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting the formation of a further subcellular organisation of RyR3 in Ca2+ release units. These results demonstrate that different RyR isoforms can engage in the generation of distinct intracellular Ca2+ signals in HEK 293 cells.
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Torner, Helmut, Nasser Ghanem, Christina Ambros, Michael Hölker, Wolfgang Tomek, Chirawath Phatsara, Hannelore Alm, et al. "Molecular and subcellular characterisation of oocytes screened for their developmental competence based on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity." REPRODUCTION 135, no. 2 (February 2008): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-07-0348.

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Oocyte selection based on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity has been successfully used to differentiate between competent and incompetent bovine oocytes. However, the intrinsic molecular and subcellular characteristics of these oocytes have not yet been investigated. Here, we aim to identify molecular and functional markers associated with oocyte developmental potential when selected based on G6PDH activity. Immature compact cumulus–oocyte complexes were stained with brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) for 90 min. Based on their colouration, oocytes were divided into BCB−(colourless cytoplasm, high G6PDH activity) and BCB+(coloured cytoplasm, low G6PDH activity). The chromatin configuration of the nucleus and the mitochondrial activity of oocytes were determined by fluorescence labelling and photometric measurement. The abundance and phosphorylation pattern of protein kinases Akt and MAP were estimated by Western blot analysis. A bovine cDNA microarray was used to analyse the gene expression profiles of BCB+and BCB−oocytes. Consequently, marked differences were found in blastocyst rate at day 8 between BCB+(33.1±3.1%) and BCB−(12.1±1.5%) oocytes. Moreover, BCB+oocytes were found to show higher phosphorylation levels of Akt and MAP kinases and are enriched with genes regulating transcription (SMARCA5), cell cycle (nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein,NASP) and protein biosynthesis (RPS274Aand mRNA for elongation factor 1α,EF1A). BCB−oocytes, which revealed higher mitochondrial activity and still nucleoli in their germinal vesicles, were enriched with genes involved in ATP synthesis (ATP5A1), mitochondrial electron transport (FL405), calcium ion binding (S100A10) and growth factor activity (bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15). This study has evidenced molecular and subcellular organisational differences of oocytes with different G6PDH activity.
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Berry, Alison M., Alberto Mendoza-Herrera, Ying-Yi Guo, Jennifer Hayashi, Tomas Persson, Ravi Barabote, Kirill Demchenko, Shuxiao Zhang, and Katharina Pawlowski. "New perspectives on nodule nitrogen assimilation in actinorhizal symbioses." Functional Plant Biology 38, no. 9 (2011): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp11095.

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Nitrogen-fixing root nodules are plant organs specialised for symbiotic transfer of nitrogen and carbon between microsymbiont and host. The organisation of nitrogen assimilation, storage and transport processes is partitioned at the subcellular and tissue levels, in distinctive patterns depending on the symbiotic partners. In this review, recent advances in understanding of actinorhizal nodule nitrogen assimilation are presented. New findings indicate that Frankia within nodules of Datisca glomerata (Presl.) Baill. carries out both primary nitrogen assimilation and biosynthesis of arginine, rather than exporting ammonium. Arginine is a typical storage form of nitrogen in plant tissues, but is a novel nitrogen carrier molecule in root nodule symbioses. Thus Frankia within D. glomerata nodules exhibits considerable metabolic independence. Furthermore, nitrogen reassimilation is likely to take place in the host in the uninfected nodule cortical cells of this root nodule symbiosis, before amino acid export to host sink tissues via the xylem. The role of an augmented pericycle in carbon and nitrogen exchange in root nodules deserves further attention in actinorhizal symbiosis, and further highlights the importance of a comprehensive, structure–function approach to understanding function in root nodules. Moreover, the multiple patterns of compartmentalisation in relation to nitrogen flux within root nodules demonstrate the diversity of possible functional interactions between host and microsymbiont that have evolved in the nitrogen-fixing clade.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organisation subcellulaire"

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Guirimand, Grégory. "Organisation cellulaire et subcellulaire de la voie de biosynthèse des alcaloïdes indoliques monoterpéniques de Catharantus roseus." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4014/document.

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Catharanthus roseus est une plante tropicale de la famille des Apocynacées d’intérêt thérapeutique en raison de sa capacité à synthétiser des alcaloïdes indoliques monoterpéniques (AIM) utilisés en chimiothérapie anticancéreuse. La teneur en AIM in planta est très faible notamment en raison d’une haute compartimentalisation cellulaire et subcellulaire de la voie de biosynthèse. Si la compartimentalisation cellulaire était bien caractérisée, très peu de données de localisation subcellulaire in situ étaient disponibles au début de cette thèse. Une connaissance fine de cette compartimentalisation est cependant nécessaire pour identifier les transports inter-compartiment de métabolites intermédiaires, limitant potentiellement le flux métabolique, afin d’améliorer ensuite le rendement de biosynthèse des AIM par ingénierie métabolique. Dans ce contexte nous avons réalisé une étude exhaustive de la localisation subcellulaire des enzymes de cette voie par imagerie GFP dans des cellules de C. roseus transformées par biolistique permettant d’établir un nouveau modèle intégré d’organisation cellulaire et subcellulaire de la biosynthèse des AIM
Catharanthus roseus is a tropical plant from the Apocynaceae family with a great therapeutic value due to its ability to synthesize monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIA) used in cancer treatment. The yields of these molecules in planta are very low due to a very high level of compartmentation of the biosynthetic pathway at both cellular and subcellular levels. While the cellular compartmentation was widely characterized, very few in situ subcellular localization data were available at the beginning of this PhD. An accurate knowledge of this compartmentation is necessary to identify intermediate metabolites transport events from one compartment to another one, in order to increase the MIA biosynthesis yield by metabolic engineering approaches. In this context we have proceed to the exhaustive study of the subcellular localization of these enzymes by in vivo GFP imaging in C. roseus cells transformed by biolistic. Potential interprotein interactions of these enzymes have also been studied by BiFC. Altogether, our results enabled us to draw an integrated model of the cellular and subcellular organization of MIA biosynthesis in situ
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Havrylenko, Svitlana. "Les complexes supramoléculaires d'aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases impliqués dans la machinerie traductionnelle : du nématode à l'homme." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112212.

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Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié l'organisation structurale des aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases (aaRSs), enzymes responsables de la lecture du code génétique, chez l'homme et chez le nématode Caenorhabditis elegans. Ces études ont porté sur l'analyse d'une synthétase individuelle, la méthionyl-ARNt synthétase de C. Elegans, sur la caractérisation des complexes multisynthétasiques du nématode, et sur l'organisation subcellulaire des aaRSs dans la cellule humaine. La MetRS-Ce possède une longue extension polypeptidique C-terminale. Elle représente la fusion entre une MetRS minimale bactérienne et une composante du complexe multienzymatiques d'aaRSs (MARS) humain, la protéine p43. Pour déterminer le rôle de ce domaine, deux formes enzymatiques, surproduites chez E. Coli, ont été purifiées. Les paramètres cinétiques et j'affinité pour l'ARNt de la forme native et d'une forme délétée de son domaine C-terminal ont été déterminés. L'extension C-terminale de la MetRS-Ce, est un domaine fonctionnel de liaison des ARNt (tRBD). Bien que les tRBD des MetRS-Ce et MetRS-Hs ne soient pas orthologues, ils confèrent à la MetRS les mêmes propriétés séquestrantes de l'aa-ARNt, révélant un phénomène d'évolution convergente. Nous avons recherché l'existence de complexes multisynthétasiques chez le nématode C. Elegans. Sur l'arbre phylogénétique des métazoaires, C. Elegans appartient à l'embranchement des protostomes, distinct de la branche des deutérostomes conduisant à l'homme. L'analyse d'extraits de C. Elegans sur tamis moléculaire a montré que certaines aaRSs, dont la MetRS, se comportent comme des protéines de haute masse moléculaire. Nous avons isolé les partenaires de la MetRS par immunoprécipitation à l'aide d'anticorps dirigés contre la forme tronquée. Ils ont été identifiés par LC-MS/MS. Le complexe MARS-Ce comprend 8 aaRS. Ces résultats permettent de proposer un schéma d'évolution des structures multisynthétasiques, partant de la plus simple, le complexe à deux aaRS de la levure S. Cerevisiae, pour aboutir à la plus complexe connue à ce jour, le complexe MARS humain à neuf aaRS. Parmi les protéines associées à MARS-Ce, nous avons identifié le produit du gène mrsp-38, jusqu'à présent sans fonction connue, à la protéine d'échafaudage du complexe. L'analyse d'une souche mutante de C. Elegans, portant une délétion au niveau de ce gène, a révélé l'importance de l'intégrité de cette protéine pour l'association des composantes de MARS-Ce. Ce travail avait été initié chez C. Elegans car ce ver permet des études fonctionnelles in vivo dans un organisme multicellulaire. En combinant les outils d'extinction du gène endogène par RNAi et d'expression de transgènes après transformation par biolistique, nous avons pu tester in vivo si l'organisation en complexe MARS est essentielle au développement d'un organisme multicellulaire. Nous avons montré que seules les copies de MetRS qui s'associent à MARS-Ce complémentent une inactivation de la copie endogène. Des protéines ribosomales ont été copurifiées avec MARS-Ce. Chez l'homme, MARS-Hs est également associé de façon transitoire à d'autres composants cellulaires, les polysomes et les filaments d'actine. Nous avons montré que l'association aux polysomes n'est observable que dans un contexte de synthèse protéique active, lorsque des cellules HeLa sont en phase exponentielle de croissance. De même, la désorganisation du complexe MARS-Hs par siRNA s'accompagne d'un phénotype de retard de croissance, lié à une diminution de l'efficacité traductionnelle. Ces données révèlent l'importance de l'organisation subcellulaire de l'appareil de traduction des eucaryotes supérieurs
This thesis is dedicated to the study of structural organization of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), a family of enzymes responsible for establishing the genetic code, in human and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Ln particular, our studies concerned the analysis of structure-function relationships of MetRS of C. Elegans, the characterization of multisynthetase complexes in the nematode, and the deciphering of subcellular organization of aaRS in human cells. MetRS of C. Elegans (MetRS-Ce) possesses a long C-terminal polypeptide extension. This enzyme represents the fusion between a minimal bacterial MetRS and a component of human MARS complex, the p43 protein. Ln order to determine the role of this domain, we purified two forms of the protein, the full-Iength species and a ΔC-truncated derivative, to determine their catalytic parameters in tRNA aminoacylation reaction and their relative affinity for tRNA. The C-terminal extension of MetRS-Ce is a functional tRNA-binding domain (tRBD). The tRBDs of human and nematode MetRS have distinct structural folds. They are not orthologs but they provide MetRS with similar tRNA-sequestering properties. Thus, functional convergence of human and nematode MetRS is the result of parallel and convergent evolution that might have been triggered by the selective pressure to invent processivity of tRNA handling in translation in higher eukaryotes. We searched for the presence of supramolecular complexes of aaRS in the nematode C. Elegans. According to metazoan phylogeny, C. Elegans belongs to protostomes, a phylum distinct from the deuterostome branch leading to H. Sapiens. The analysis of C. Elegans extracts by gel-filtration showed that some aaRS, among which MetRS, behave as high-molecular mass entities. We isolated the partners of MetRS-Ce by immunoprecipitation. They were identified by LC-MS/MS. MARS-Ce complex contains 8 aaRS. Its distinct composition gives insight into possible evolution pathways that led to the emergence of the MARS complex containing 9 aaRS in human, statting From the two-component complex in the yeast S. Cerevisiae. Among the proteins associated with MARS-Ce, we identified the product of the mrsp-38 gene of unknown function, to the scaffold protein of the complex. The analysis of a mutant strain carrying a deletion in the 3'end of this gene revealed the importance of integrity of this protein for association of MARS-Ce components. This work was initiated in C. Elegans in part due to the feasibility of functional studies in vivo in a multicellular organism. By combining tools of extinction of the endogenous gene by RNAi and ectopic expression of transgenic variants of MetRS, we couId test in vivo if the assembly into the MARS complex is essential for growth of a multicellular organism. We found that only copies of MetRS-Ce that associate with MARS-Ce complement the inactivation of the endogenous copy. Ribosomal proteins were copurified with MARS-Ce. Ln human, MARS-Hs is also transiently associated with other subcellular components, polysomes and actin filaments. We showed that association with polysomes can only be observed in exponentially growing HeLa cells, in the context of active protein synthesis. Also, disruption of the MARS complex by siRNA is accompanied with a growth retardation phenotype, which is related to a decreased rate of protein synthesis. These data reveal the importance of subcellular organization of translation machinery in higher eukaryotes
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Abi, Rizk Alain. "IDENTIFICATION, ISOLEMENT ET CARACTERISATION DES PROGENITEURS BRONCHIOLOALVEOLAIRES OVINS." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903271.

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Les progéniteurs bronchioloalvéolaires situés aux jonctions bronchioloalvéolaires peuvent être impliqués dans l'embryogenèse ou la régénération. Ces cellules non décrites chez les gros animaux peuvent participer au développement de nouvelles thérapies contre les maladies pulmonaires aiguës ou chroniques. Dans cette étude, nous avons établi la présence de progéniteurs bronchioloalvéolaires dans les poumons des ovins nouveaux nés. Ces cellules ont été identifiées par leur co-expression des protéines CCSP, SP-C et CD34. Une population mineure de cellules CD34pos/SP-Cpos/CCSPpos (0,33% ± 0,31) était présente ex vivo. Le tri magnétique des cellules CD34pos a permis l'isolement des progéniteurs SP-Cpos/CCSPpos (> 80%). Ces cellules étaient maintenues et amplifiées in vitro en interface liquide/liquide. De même, ces progéniteurs étaient capables de se différencier soit en cellules de Clara soit en AEC II dans différents milieux de cultures synthétiques et diverses matrices extracellulaires. En outre, les progéniteurs bronchioloalvéolaires obtenus ex vivo et in vitro exprimaient les gènes NANOG, Oct4 et BMI1 spécifiques aux cellules souches. Nous rapportons ainsi, pour la première fois dans un grand animal, l'existence de cellules progénitrices bronchioloalvéolaires à fort potentiel de double différenciation et d'expression de certains gènes de cellules souches.
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Guetta, Dorian. "Identification et caractérisation de AdcA, un membre de la famille des arrestines présent chez l'amibe Dictyostelium discoideum." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00926231.

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Ce travail de thèse a été consacré à l'étude de la protéine AdcA de Dictyostelium discoideum. Cette protéine a été identifiée sur la base de la présence d'un domaine arrestine. Ce coeur arrestine est jouxté par plusieurs domaines dont un motif FYVE et un motif répété trois fois contenant des clusters d'histidines. L'étude de la localisation subcellulaire de AdcA endogène ou de formes étiquetées couplée à l'utilisation de marqueurs de différents compartiments de la voie endocytaire ont permis de mettre en évidence un enrichissement majeur de AdcA au niveau des endosomes précoces. L'étude des différents domaines d'AdcA a mis en lumière le rôle du domaine FYVE dans sa localisation endocytaire et l'implication du domaine N-terminal riche en histidines dans son oligomérisation métal-dépendante. Mes travaux utilisant le mutant adcA nul indique que AdcA pourrait jouer un rôle au niveau d'une voie de recyclage entre les endosomes précoces et la membrane plasmique. Nous avons également pu montrer par des expériences de double hybride et de pull-down que AdcA est capable d'interagir avec la petite protéine G ArfA. Ceci est en accord avec un rôle de AdcA au niveau du recyclage où elle pourrait permettre en association avec ArfA un tri de protéines membranaires dans des vésicules de recyclage.
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Wang, Xiao. "Microscopie confocale à dichroïsme linéaire résolu en angle pour l'imagerie structurale de fluorescence." Phd thesis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00871010.

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La microscopie de fluorescence a récemment été complétée par une technique appelée dichroïsme linéaire résolu angulairement, basé sur le fait que l'absorption de la lumière est un processus sensible à l'orientation moléculaire. En analysant la réponse d'émission de fluorescence en fonction de l'orientation de la polarisation de la lumière excitatrice, cette technique permet de remonter à l'information d'orientation sur un ensemble de molécules fluorescentes, plus précisément son angle d'orientation moyenne et l'amplitude de ses fluctuations angulaires autour de cette moyenne. Dans cette thèse, nous mettons en oeuvre de nouvelle méthodes et instrumentations capables d'améliorer la robustesse et la rapidité de l'analyse de données de réponses résolues en polarisation, la vitesse de l'acquisition de données, et d'explorer la possibilité de mesurer l'orientation 3D de molécules. Nous proposons une méthode capable de mesurer les propriétés d'orientation de sondes lipidiques fluorescentes par l'utilisation d'un disque de Nipkow couplé à une imagerie par caméra, et combiné avec la modulation rapide de la polarisation par modulateur électro-optique. Une nouvelle méthode de traitement de données est développée pour considérablement améliorer la rapidité et la précision de l'information par une étude des sources de bruit et d'incertitude, dues au bruit et aux facteurs instrumentaux. Cette technique a été testée avec succés sur des vésicules géantes uni-lamellaires et sur cellules vivantes, marquées par les sondes lipidiques DiIC18 et di-8-ANEPPQ. Cette méthode est capable d'acquérir une information précise sur l'orientation moléculaire à une cadence d'une image par seconde. Enfin, afin de sonder de manière non ambiguë l'orientation 3D d'un ensemble de molécules, une nouvelle méthode est proposée, supportée par des simulations numériques, basée sur la variation hors plan de la polarisation d'excitation dans le volume focal par une somme cohérente de champs polarisés linéairement et radialement.
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Book chapters on the topic "Organisation subcellulaire"

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Lewis, Peter J. "Subcellular Organisation in Bacteria." In Bacterial Physiology, 1–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74921-9_1.

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Audit, Benjamin, Lamia Zaghloul, Antoine Baker, Alain Arneodo, Chun-Long Chen, Yves d’Aubenton-Carafa, and Claude Thermes. "Megabase Replication Domains Along the Human Genome: Relation to Chromatin Structure and Genome Organisation." In Subcellular Biochemistry, 57–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4525-4_3.

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