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Journal articles on the topic "Organised crime syndicate"
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Bila, Hlengani, and Cornelis Roelfose. "Organised Vehicle Theft Operations: Unravelling the Matrix." Internal Security 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2269.
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Organised crime is receiving increasing attention from researchers around the world (Cf. Finckenhauer & Voronion, 2001; Gastrow, 2001; Grant; 2012; Williams, 2014; Doctorow, 20145; Bila, 2015). The many facets and focus areas of organised crime groups deal with a plethora of crimes and the operational and organisational aspects of this phenomenon. In this article the Authors focus on organised vehicle theft. The theoretical perspectives of systems theory are blended with encroachment theory to unravel the organisational matrix of a typical vehicle theft syndicate. Through the literature review the various components of such syndicates, focusing on exporting stolen vehicles, have been unravelled. In addition, the authors indicate how corruption and political connections in organised crime create matrix organisations.
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Bellotti, Elisa. "Syndicate women. Gender and networks in Chicago organised crime." Global Crime 20, no. 3-4 (October 12, 2019): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17440572.2019.1697565.
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Albini, Joseph L., R. E. Rogers, Victor Shabalin, Valery Kutushev, Vladimir Moiseev, and Julie Anderson. "Russian Organized Crime: Its History, Structure and Function." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 11, no. 4 (December 1995): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104398629501100404.
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In analyzing Russian organized crime, the authors describe and classify the four major forms of organized crime: 1) political-social, 2) mercenary, 3) in-group, and 4) syndicated. Though the first three classifications of the aforementioned types of organized crime existed throughout Soviet history, it was the syndicated form that began to emerge in the late 1950's, expanding during the corrupt Breznev years (1964–82), exploding during perestroika, and reaching pandemic levels after the demise of the Soviet Union in 1991. The abrupt transformation of the Russian society from a centralized command economy to one driven by the forces of market capitalism created the socio-pathological conditions for the malignant spread of mercenary and especially syndicated organized crime. New criminals syndicates were created by an alliance of criminal gangs/groups and former members of the Soviet Union's communist nomenklatura (bureaucracy) and the consequence was the criminalization of much of the Russian economy. The social structure of these syndicates is based on a loose association of patron-client relationships rather than a centralized hierarchical system; their function is to provide illicit goods/services desired by the people. The authors conclude their study by emphasizing that what has taken place in Russia is not peculiar to the Russian people, but exemplifies what can happen to societies that experience rapid and intense social change.
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Béland, François. "L'Anti-Congrès." Articles 13, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 381–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/055589ar.
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Souvenons-nous des étudiants de 1968. Dès janvier, ils ébranlent les fondements des organisations syndicales qui les représentent et des administrations scolaires ou universitaires qui gèrent leurs artivités académiques. Les nouvelles revendications s'expriment hors des cadres traditionnels : l'A.G.E.U.M. est exclue de la grève des étudiants de la Faculté des sciences sociales de l'Université de Montréal. Les revendications des « nouveaux » étudiants sont inconnues des « anciens » militants syndicaux : méthodes pédagogiques libertaires, refus de toute hiérarchie universitaire ou scolaire et responsabilité de l'étudiant envers le savoir qu'on lui enseigne. Pendant l'été, les associations étudiantes collégiales et universitaires engagent des animateurs syndicaux étudiants. L'U.G.E.Q. abandonne le rôle d'encadrement idéologique et organisationnel que lui avaient légué ses fondateurs. Elle refuse toute mission représentative, elle s'en remet au « milieu » étudiant, lieu de spontanéité et de créativité culturelle et politique, tandis que les plus militants de ses membres font un « tour du Québec », rencontrent les permanents syndicaux étudiants et les leaders locaux des institutions d'enseignement. Un cahier de revendications et un nouveau mode d'action revendicative émergent lors d'une session d'étude organisée par l'U.G.E.Q. : la semaine syndicale d'août. Militants, animateurs, leaders locaux sont présents à cette véritable préfiguration d'octobre, réunion d'un combat nouveau, comme le congrès de février 1969 allait en marquer la fin apocalyptique. Éclatent les événements d'octobre (1968). Logique, l'U.G.E.Q. informe, prête assistance technique, mais ne dirige pas. Les centres d'action sont les unités locales, plus ou moins militantes, qui se transforment en communautés libertaires révolutionnaires. L'unité du mouvement est donnée par quelques revendications, par l'intention libertaire commune et par les expressions idéologiques raffinées de leaders locaux dont l'audience s'élargit grâce aux média d'information. Après les événements d'octobre, les directions des cégeps prennent les mesures disciplinaires que l'on sait : exclusion de leaders, interdiction d'assemblées, renvoi d'étudiants, suspension de professeurs, saisies de journaux étudiants, contrôle des présences étrangères sur les campus, etc. L'U.G.E.Q. se révèle impuissante à organiser la résistance des étudiants et à empêcher l'application de ces mesures. En fait, ce n'est déjà plus son rôle : coordonner, informer n'est pas organiser. Donc, contestée de l'intérieur, incapable de réagir aux actions les plus vexatoires des administrations scolaires, asphyxiée par une grave crise financière, l'U.G.E.Q. disparaît en juin 1969 de l'horizon politique et syndical du Québec à la suite d'un congrès en parfaite continuité historique avec les événements qui l'avaient précédé depuis presque un an et demi. Il nous semble en effet que le congrès de février 1969 doit se comprendre comme la dernière manifestation d'un cycle commencé en janvier 1968. Le syndicalisme étudiant que le Québec avait connu pendant la révolution tranquille, disparaît avec la conjoncture politique qui avait favorisé ce mode d'organisation. Des revendications nouvelles, des actions nouvelles, le fractionnement des organisations syndicales en groupuscules politiques ne sont pas des événements indépendants les uns des autres, ils se présenteront en une même et courte période historique, contemporaine d'événements similaires en d'autres pays. Ce sera une période d'interrogation radicale de la pensée occidentale, du capitalisme qui la soutient, de la techno-structure qui en profite, du contenu de l'enseignement, de la hiérarchie des savoirs, des titres universitaires qui la cristallisent ; cette interrogation est pourtant inconditionnellement liée à chacune des formations sociales dont elle manifeste les contradictions. Le congrès de février reprend l'ensemble des débats, questions et affrontements caractéristiques de cette période troublée. Les groupuscules, survivants de la dislocation des organisations syndicales, le domineront. Tellement que ce qui demeure de syndicats étudiants verront leurs représentants s'organiser spontanément en groupuscules à l'intérieur du congrès même. Le congrès est le lieu de leur rencontre ultime. C'est d'eux qu'il sera question ici,) des thèmes de leur discours, homonymiques de par leur condition commune d'étudiant ; à la fois opposition à la « rigidité de l'intelligence contemporaine », exorcisme de la parole et copie fidèle de l'académisme.
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DellaPosta, Daniel. "Syndicate Women: Gender and Networks in Chicago Organized Crime." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 49, no. 6 (November 2020): 534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306120963121v.
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Dan, Zarina Othman. "Illicit Drug Syndication Threat towards Juvenile in Malaysia." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 5, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v5i4.828.
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The issue of international drug abuse and illicit drug trafficking is a problem that is often associated with transnational organised crimes. Malaysia is of no exception where the threat from drug syndicates has become more prevalent especially since the existence of the internet facilities all over the world. Thus, this paper examines the reason why the juvenile are exposed to illicit drugs and are vulnerable to become victims to these substances to an extent that they are caught as Juvana offenders. This paper applying neolibralisme theoretical approach, as a guiding and analyzing the issue of juvenile involvement in illicit drug trafficking in Malaysia. Primary data was collected through document analysis, interviews, and for the case study, an interview was carried out on selected Juvana offenders. The findings of the research have shown the roles of the syndicates, to recruit the juvenile as trafficker as well as to bind them from staying away from the syndicate after they are released from the detention. It is hoped that by creating a more effective and systematic policy, the threat on juvenile from the illicit drug issue can be addressed accordingly and in turn, will enable them to contribute to the development and security of the country in the future.
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GINGERAS, RYAN. "Beyond Istanbul's ‘Laz Underworld’: Ottoman Paramilitarism and the Rise of Turkish Organised Crime, 1908–1950." Contemporary European History 19, no. 3 (June 29, 2010): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777310000135.
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AbstractAlthough the Turkish mafia is increasingly recognised as a powerful force in the ongoing trade in weapons, narcotics and people in Europe and beyond, there are few critical histories of organised crime's origins in Turkey. Rather than present some pedantic general survey of the history of organized crime in modern Turkey, this essay attempts to address two broader critical points of departure. First, how did Anatolia's journey from imperial to republican rule impact, and how was it impacted by, criminal gangs? Second, how do we situate the experience of modern gangs in Turkey in a global context? In attempting to answer these questions, this paper looks at the development of criminal syndicates among Laz migrants in the greater Istanbul area during the first half of the twentieth century. The case of the Laz shows particularly how war, migration, imperial politics, urbanisation and the rise of the international drug trade shaped the parallel development of organised crime and the nascent Turkish Republic.
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Thapa, Rabi Raj. "State Fragility and Organized Crime." Journal of APF Command and Staff College 2, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/japfcsc.v2i1.26752.
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There are always probabilities of strong relationships between transnational organized crime group, the government, semi-government agencies and irregular formations. Because, at the fundamental level, motivations and aspirations of all these agencies and groups may be similar, i.e. making as much money or profit as quickly as possible; whether in a semi-legitimate or illegitimate means and ways. For this, they will be ready to use any modus operandi; the end result and harm they cause to the nation and society will be the same. Therefore, more often it is also very difficult to distinguish them one from another. In this regard, they all can be termed “the silent partners” of the legitimate government agencies, semi-government corporations and the organized crime groups (OCGs) and wherever they belong: they converge at a single platform, i.e. the Organized Crime. Therefore, the silent partners of the Organized Crime Group can be any of these: a private party or person, a government officer or his office, a semi-government official or a group of people belonging to these organizations. There may be another similarity among these too;…i.e. they all do their utmost to avoid their appearance in public or willingly acknowledged their involvement in any form and deeds on such cooperative undertaking. There are many ways such organized syndicates apply their methods that may be soft, peaceful to even gruesomely violent means to get access to state power, money or government resources. In this regard, they may apply all types of legitimate and illegitimate means, to name the few, such as protection rackets, and capture public resources, seize of property and land forcibly in an illegitimate way, and eventually entry into the licit private sector by money laundering and other means.
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Lubis, Muhammad Ridwan. "Kejahatan Terorganisir Terhadap Pelacuran Anak Di Kota Medan Ditinjau Dari Psikologi Kriminil (Studi Penelitian di Kota Medan)." Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat 20, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/jhk.v20i1.3463.
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Crimes that used to be committed by individuals are now mostly committed by organized groups where the legal force of the group is illegal. Theft, muggings, fraud, murder, corruption, money loundry, prostitution, terrorism are some forms of the crime that are mostly committed in an organized manner.The development of the world of the child prostitution has spread in various big cities in Indonesia, including Medan. The sparkling of the city has attracted many people who come from various places in Indonesia and outside Indonesia who want to taste the sweetness of the sparkle of the city with all its spices like a laron approaching a torch which eventually destroys them. The condition of the child prostitution in Medan City has become apprehensive where many children aged 14-17 are involved in the prostitution business. Their involvement tends to be due to the factor of deception committed by collectors who work as collectors and suppliers of children to the prostitution places. This crime was committed in an organized manner as evidenced by the existence of syndicates that collaborated, ranging from child collectors and suppliers (collectors) and those who accommodate and employ children as the prostitutes (pimps / pimps), with recruitment areas covering malls, plazas, suburban areas, as well as other entertainment centers, which are generally the place where teenagers hang out.In conclusion, the factors that cause organized crime against the child prostitution in Medan are environmental factors (there is good interaction and communication between them, both those from the same environment and those from different environments), economic factors and unemployment and which is very dominant is the psychological factor. The obstacles that are faced in overcoming organized crime against the child prostitution business are the obstacles in terms of legislation due to weaknesses rather than the scope of the law itself in ensnaring perpetrators of criminal acts of the child prostitution as well as the criminal threats which are still classified mild.Keywords : Organized Crime, Child Prostitution, Criminal Psychology
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Lubis, Muhammad Ridwan. "Kejahatan Terorganisir Terhadap Pelacuran Anak Di Kota Medan Ditinjau Dari Psikologi Kriminil (Studi Penelitian di Kota Medan)." Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat 20, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/jhk.v20i1.3464.
Full textAbstract:
Crimes that used to be committed by individuals are now mostly committed by organized groups where the legal force of the group is illegal. Theft, muggings, fraud, murder, corruption, money loundry, prostitution, terrorism are some forms of the crime that are mostly committed in an organized manner.The development of the world of the child prostitution has spread in various big cities in Indonesia, including Medan. The sparkling of the city has attracted many people who come from various places in Indonesia and outside Indonesia who want to taste the sweetness of the sparkle of the city with all its spices like a laron approaching a torch which eventually destroys them. The condition of the child prostitution in Medan City has become apprehensive where many children aged 14-17 are involved in the prostitution business. Their involvement tends to be due to the factor of deception committed by collectors who work as collectors and suppliers of children to the prostitution places. This crime was committed in an organized manner as evidenced by the existence of syndicates that collaborated, ranging from child collectors and suppliers (collectors) and those who accommodate and employ children as the prostitutes (pimps / pimps), with recruitment areas covering malls, plazas, suburban areas, as well as other entertainment centers, which are generally the place where teenagers hang out.In conclusion, the factors that cause organized crime against the child prostitution in Medan are environmental factors (there is good interaction and communication between them, both those from the same environment and those from different environments), economic factors and unemployment and which is very dominant is the psychological factor. The obstacles that are faced in overcoming organized crime against the child prostitution business are the obstacles in terms of legislation due to weaknesses rather than the scope of the law itself in ensnaring perpetrators of criminal acts of the child prostitution as well as the criminal threats which are still classified mild.Keywords : Organized Crime, Child Prostitution, Criminal Psychology
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Organised crime syndicate"
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Lebeya, Seswantsho Godfrey. "Defining organised crime: a comparative analysis." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/6547.
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The most challenging and spoken criminal phenomenon today is indisputably organised crime. It is a crime that both the general public, business community, commentators, researchers, scholars, journalists, writers, politicians, prosecutors, jurists and presiding officials debate with different interpretation and understanding of the concept as well as the manifestation of the phenomena. Debates on the subject have seen the dawn of rival terminologies of organised crime and crimes that are organised.
While the United Nations has not assisted the nations in finding a definition of what organised crime is, the confusion has spread throughout the globe and South Africa has not been spared the pandemonium.
The objective of this study is to comparatively assess the present understanding and setup in South Africa in comparison with Italy, Tanzania and the United States of America, identify the root causes of the confusion and find possible remedies to liberate the situation. The research concludes with the findings and recommendations.Criminal & Procedural Law
LL.D.
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Lebeya, Seswantsho Godfrey. "Organised crime in the Southern African development community with specific reference to motor vehicle theft." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1621.
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International police co-operation is a recipe for success in the fight against transnational organised crime. Such cooperation has never been without challenges, especially in the light of disharmonious national laws. SARPCCO has made promising advances towards the elimination of blockages which hamper police cooperation. The joint, bilateral, simultaneous operations which are continuously carried out and the transferring of skills through training are exemplary to the rest of the world. SARPCCO is, however, struggling to make serious inroads into the organised motor vehicle theft because of the problems in returning them to their lawful owners.
The objective of this study is to analyse the laws used by the SARPCCO member countries in fighting motor vehicle theft, transnational organised crime, recoveries, repatriation, prosecution and extradition of offenders. The SARPCCO member countries on which the analysis is done are Lesotho, South Africa, Swaziland and Zambia.Jurisprudence
LL. M.
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Fisher-Klein, Schane Francis. "Problematic issues pertaining to racketeering offences in the prevention of organised Crime Act 121 of 1998." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/37286.
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Organised crime is a worldwide phenomenon, which also affects South Africa. In
many instances organised crime is transnational. Consequently, South Africa had to
develop legislation in order adequately to deal with organised syndicates and
associations of criminals, and bring its legal system in line with international
standards aimed at combating transnational organised crime.
In the United States of America organised crime, and any conduct that meets a
“pattern of racketeering”, are prosecuted under the Racketeering Influenced and
Corrupt Organizations Act 18 USCA 1961-1968. This legislation played a significant
role when racketeering offences were formulated in the South African Act.
The Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998 inter alia includes aspects such
as racketeering, money laundering, gangs and the civil recovery of property. It also
deals with conduct of individual wrongdoing and crimes that cannot be categorised
as organised crime. This study focuses on problematic aspects with regard to
racketeering offences in Chapter 2 of the Act that are probably going to labour the
Constitutional Court and/or the Supreme Court of Appeal in the near future.
One of the problematic aspects of Chapter 2 of the Act is that it does not include a
definition of “racketeering”. It only describes the different types of conduct which may
lead to a successful prosecution on racketeering offences. The legislation also
introduces new concepts, such as “enterprise” and “pattern of racketeering activity”.
Therefore, in order to determine whether the State will succeed in prosecuting an
accused with racketeering offences, it must be established what is meant by the
terms of being part of an “enterprise” and what a “pattern of racketeering activity”
entails.
Also of importance is the requirement that two or more offences referred to in
Schedule 1 of the Act must have been committed for a successful prosecution.
Although the South African courts have considered this aspect there is still room for discussion as to whether an accused must have previously been convicted of two or
more criminal offences referred to in Schedule 1 for a conviction on racketeering
offences, or whether the commission of one offence will suffice.
The offence of racketeering does not only consist of the commission of an act in
itself. The membership or association with a legal or illegal organisation also plays a
vital role to determine culpability. This study looks at the possible role (s) that an
accused may fulfil when he is involved as a member of an organisation involved with
racketeering offences. Another aspect that needs to be clarified is the requirement relating to fault. The
element of unlawfulness is also problematic when an accused did not foresee the
possibility of unlawfulness of his actions. Close consideration is given to the
requirements for culpability and whether mere negligence on the part of a role player
is sufficient as a form of mens rea for a successful prosecution or not.
The element of unlawfulness is also discussed. Ordinary citizens may raise the issue
that they did not know that the commission of two or more offences mentioned in
Schedule 1, may lead to the prosecution of a racketeering offence. Therefore, it is
crucial to determine whether a role player must have the necessary knowledge of
unlawfulness to commit the racketeering offences.
The fact that the Act has been introduced in the South African legal system to
criminalise racketeering offences does not exclude the scenario that each case must
be decided on its own particular set of facts. It is clear from the research presented
that there must be one or other link between the accused person, the “enterprise”
and the “pattern of racketeering activities” for a successful prosecution on a
racketeering offence.
This study seeks to provide assistance to legal practitioners when their clients are
faced with prosecution on a racketeering offence. The study also discusses the real
risk of a possible duplication of convictions.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Procedural Law
unrestricted
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Van, Heerden Anjelee. "Drug trafficking : the use of South African drug mules in crossborder smuggling." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19039.
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This study was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of drug trafficking with specific reference as to how South African drug mules are used in crossborder drug smuggling. Through media analysis, semi-structured interviews with drug trafficking experts and a literature study the researcher was able to make findings and recommendations as per the objectives of the study. The objectives of the study included examining how drug mules smuggle drugs across South African borders; what role drug mules play in drug trafficking syndicates and the motivations and reasons why South Africans are increasingly being recruited as drug mules. The researcher also attempted to determine the nature and extent of the drug demand supply in and to South Africa. By making the deduction that drug demand and drug supply are interrelated the researcher was ultimately able to conclude that drug mules will continue to engage in drug smuggling as long as there is a demand for drugs and readily available drug supply routes to and from a county.
From the media reports analysed cocaine, methamphetamine and heroin were the drugs most smuggled by South African drug mules. It is also clear from the media reports that cocaine and methamphetamine are smuggled in the largest quantities by South African drug mules. The quantities of heroin found in the possession of South African drug mules were insignificantly small. This contradicts treatment centre data analysed that indicated heroin and methamphetamine users were almost double in numbers in comparison to cocaine users being treated at centres.
Most South African drug mules are used to smuggle drugs to the cocaine markets in Europe and South Africa; the cannabis/marijuana (herb) market in Europe; the cannabis (resin) hashish market in Canada and the United States of America; the crystal methamphetamine market in the Far East (largely Japan and Korea) and the heroin market in South Africa.
Using criminology theories as a basis, the researcher attempted to describe why people are vulnerable to being recruited as drug mules. Findings concluded that structural factors such as poverty and unemployment and substance abuse-related problems, particularly in marginalised and disadvantaged communities, all contribute to South Africans becoming drug mules.
Recommendations by the researcher focused on identifying specific vulnerabilities associated with drug mule recruiting and its consideration in legislation relating to drug trafficking in South Africa. The recommendations focus on the specific prosecution of drug abusers, drug mules, drug distributors and drug mule recruiters. Lastly it is projected by the researcher that the drug demand in South Africa will continue to increase if the drug supply routes and drug smuggling operations by syndicates are not addressed more firmlyCriminology
M.A. (Criminology)
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Mokhuane, Seadimo Joseph. "A security risk management approach to the prevention of theft of platinum group metals: case study of Impala Platinum Mines and Refinery." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22196.
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Text in EnglishThe purpose of this study was to establish the vulnerabilities of the security control measures that are being used at Impala Platinum mines and refinery to prevent the theft of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs). It is important to ensure that the security control measures in place are effective and efficient in preventing the occurrence of such theft. The research examined the security risk management approach to the prevention of theft of PGMs and the causes of theft of PGMs by organised crime syndicates operating in South Africa and abroad. The study found that Impala Platinum employees, in collusion with contractors and members of mine security services, are involved in the theft of PGMs. To achieve the goals and objective of the research study, effective security control measures were identified that will help Impala Platinum mines and refinery to overcome the risks and challenges related to the theft of PGMs.
Security Risk Management
M. Tech. (Security Management)
Books on the topic "Organised crime syndicate"
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Potter, Gary W. The city and the syndicate: Organizing crime in Philadelphia. Lexington, Mass: Ginn Custom Pub., 1985.
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Turkus, Burton B. Murder, inc.: The story of "the syndicate". New York: Da Capo Press, 1992.
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Sid, Feder, ed. Murder, Inc.: The story of "the Syndicate". 2nd ed. [Cambridge, Mass.]: Da Capo Press, 2003.
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Booth, Martin. The dragon syndicates: The global phenomenon of the Triads. London: Bantam, 2000.
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Hijack!: Cracking one of South Africa's most violent carjacking syndicates. Cape Town: Two Dogs, 2006.
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Martin, Booth. The dragon syndicates: The global phenomenon of the triads. London: Bantam Books, 2000.
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Investigations, United States Congress House Committee on Banking and Financial Services Subcommittee on General Oversight and. Money laundering activity associated with the Mexican narco-crime syndicate: Hearing before the Subcommittee on General Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Banking and Financial Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, September 5, 1996. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
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The Palace: Bestselling Author of ''The Panic of '89''. 8th ed. New York, USA: Bantam Books, a div. of Bantum Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1988.
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Lombardo, Robert M. The Gem of the Prairie. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037306.003.0003.
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This chapter traces the history of vice and crime in Chicago from the Civil War until the beginning of Prohibition, paying special attention to the rise of machine politics under Michael Cassius McDonald, organizer of Chicago's first crime syndicate. It argues that organized crime in Chicago was not imported from the south of Italy but began because Chicago machine politicians provided political protection to vice syndicates and criminal gangs in exchange for votes and campaign contributions. The chapter reviews the history of one vice district that played a significant role in the development of organized crime in Chicago, the Levee, beginning with the original Custom House Levee and its eventual movement to the “New” Levee in the city's Near South Side. It also discusses the roles played by municipal aldermen John Coughlin and Michael Kenna as protectors of vice and crime in Chicago's First Ward. Finally, it analyzes the history of the public outcry against segregated vice and the eventual closure of the Levee vice district.
Book chapters on the topic "Organised crime syndicate"
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"Gender and Organized Crime." In Syndicate Women, 1–17. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dxf4.5.
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"1. Gender and Organized Crime." In Syndicate Women, 1–17. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520972001-003.
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Glazzard, Andrew. "Oaths and Secrets." In The Case of Sherlock Holmes, 206–17. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474431293.003.0020.
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Organised criminality and violence appear frequently in the Holmes stories. A Study in Scarlet imagines Brigham Young’s nascent Mormon state as a tightly knit conspiratorial organisation, exerting uncompromising control over its membership even beyond its notional borders. An ideological conspiracy of a very different kind lies behind the surreal menace of ‘The Five Orange Pips’, in which the Ku Klux Klan enforces its organisational rules through fear-inducing symbols, followed by swift and merciless punishment. The clues in this story reveal the organisation’s global reach: at their home in Horsham, the Openshaws receive letters from the Klan postmarked Pondicherry, Dundee and East London; Holmes discovers that the murderers of John Openshaw are led by the captain of the barque Lone Star, registered in Savannah, Georgia. The Sicilian Mafi a is behind the theft of the Borgia Pearl in ‘The Adventure of the Six Napoleons’ (1904), and ‘The Red Circle’ features another Italian crime syndicate.
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"Mapping Chicago’s Organized Crime and Illicit Economies." In Syndicate Women, 18–41. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dxf4.6.
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"2. Mapping Chicago’s Organized Crime and Illicit Economies." In Syndicate Women, 18–41. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520972001-004.
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Kraus, Joe. "Tentacles." In The Kosher Capones, 135–44. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747311.003.0011.
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This chapter tracks the growing influence of Lenny Patrick during the 1960s. His notoriety as the man who ran Chicago Jewish organized crime for more than a generation made him an obvious candidate for others' imagination, even if he was not involved in high-profile cases such as the Kennedy assassination. Because he was suspected of having killed so many in his work as a Syndicate operative, he was a character who could be plugged into the stories that others were telling. Casting Patrick as Kennedy’s assassin makes him into a villain who changed the trajectory of American history. It should have been enough that he had changed the trajectory of Chicago Jewish organized crime when he led the Syndicate’s takeover of Benjamin Zuckerman’s operation.
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Kraus, Joe. "Sizing up the Outfit." In The Kosher Capones, 123–34. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747311.003.0010.
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This chapter considers the state of Jewish Chicagoan crime during the 1940s, when the Syndicate was occasionally known as the “Outfit.” This was a period when the relationship between organized crime and Chicago politics was reshaped for the rest of the twentieth century. It marked a détente in Chicago politics that eventually resulted in the change from the confederated system of organized crime to the more corporate structure. Here, a machine was assembled with deep enough roots in labor and ethnic coalitions that it did not need the day-to-day violence of previous gangsters. That meant politicians did not have to depend upon gangsters so directly, and it marked, for the most part, the end of the gangster/politician hybrid. Similarly, the Syndicate’s departure from that relationship allowed it to assume a lower profile, to become a quiet corporation supplanting the necessarily noisier confederation model. It meant a transformation from the world in which Zuckerman had thrived into the one that fostered Patrick.
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Chalmers, David A., Bright, Caitlin E. Hughes, and Jenny. "Illuminating dark networks: a social network analysis of an Australian drug trafficking syndicate." In Transnational Organized Crime, 423–49. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315084565-25.
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Kraus, Joe. "Connecting the Dots." In The Kosher Capones, 3–12. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747311.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter presents the author’s personal journey to study the history of Jewish organized crime. Its story begins with family lore before ballooning into a history of West Side Jewish gangsters, who sometimes allied and sometimes fought within a backdrop of organized crime largely dominated by the Italian and the Irish. From there, the West Side criminal world slowly coalesced from a series of gangs competing with each other into a final independent Jewish organization headed by Benjamin “Zukie the Bookie” Zuckerman. Then, during the early 1990s, Lenny Patrick became a household name, at least for a few months. Patrick was a gangster in his late seventies, described in many places as the head of the Jewish wing of the Syndicate. In a city notorious for Italian American gangsters, Patrick stood out as an anomaly. He was a Jew who had remained important in organized crime long after the crumbling of the West Side Jewish world.
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Kraus, Joe. "The End, or Zukie’s Bad Day." In The Kosher Capones, 13–22. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747311.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the aftermath of the death of Benjamin Zuckerman, one of the most prominent leaders of organized crime in Jewish Chicago. His death marked the start of a “shake-up” in the gangster world, as some powerful people had taken aim at the last independent Jewish gang in the city. Although Zuckerman’s murder was never officially solved, gangland rumor, police speculation, and later history make it seem likely that the killers were Lenny Patrick and a number of others. In short, this was a mostly Jewish syndicate hit squad just getting its start as some of the city’s most prolific mob killers. Patrick eventually succeeded Zuckerman as the most powerful gangster in Jewish Chicago, doing so as an agent of the Syndicate, however, rather than in Zuckerman’s independent fashion.