Dissertations / Theses on the topic '(Organization : France)'
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Menon, Anand. "The ambivalent ally : France, Nato, and the limits of independence, 1981-1992." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:103c4433-3f62-4191-82b2-98ed21755b81.
Full textLambret, Clémence Vignal. "Social media crises in the organization: exploring management strategies through cases from France and Brazil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/15574.
Full textRejected by Ana Luiza Holme (ana.holme@fgv.br), reason: Dear Clémence, The number of the pages should only appear in the introduction, it should count from the 1 page but appear in introduction. example: page 1 title ofthe thesis, page 11 introduction - the number should only appear in the introduction 11. The abstract should be before the resumo. Abstract then resumo. Best. Ana Luiza 37993492 ana.holme@fgv.br on 2016-02-25T17:31:52Z (GMT)
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The aim of this Master’s thesis has been to shed light on the response strategies that organizations are implementing when facing a crisis created on or amplified by social media. Since the development of social media in the late 1990s, the interplay between the online and the offline spheres has become more complex, and characterized by dynamics of a new magnitude, as exemplified by the wave of 'Twitter' Revolutions or the Wikileaks scandal in the mid 2000s, where online behaviors deeply affected an offline reality. The corporate world does not escape to this worldwide phenomenon, and there are more and more examples of organizational reputations destroyed by social media 'fireballs'. As such, this research aims to investigate, through the analysis of six recent cases of corporate crises (2013-2015) from France and Brazil, different strategies currently in use in order to identify examples of good and bad practices for companies to adopt or avoid when facing a social media crisis. The first part of this research is dedicated to a review of the literature on crisis management and social media. From that review, we were able to design a matrix model, the Social Media Crisis Management Matrix, with which we analyzed the response strategies of the six companies we selected. This model allows the conceptualization of social media crises in a multidimensional matrix built to allow the choice, according to four parameters, of the most efficient (that is: which will limit the reputational damage) response strategy. Attribution of responsibility for the crisis to the company by stakeholders, the origin of the crisis (internal or external), the degree of reputational threat, and the emotions conveyed online by stakeholders help companies determining whether to adopt a defensive response, or an accommodative response. The results of the analysis suggest that social media crises are rather manichean objects for they are, unlike their traditional offline counterparts, characterized by emotional involvement and irrationality, and cannot be dealt with traditionally. Thus analyzing the emotions of stakeholders proved to be, in these cases, an accurate thermometer of the seriousness of the crisis, and as such, a better rudder to follow when selecting a response strategy. Consequently, in the cases, companies minimized their reputational damage when responding to their stakeholders in an accommodative way, regardless of the 'objective' situation, which might be a change of paradigm in crisis management.
O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é de esclarecer as estratégias que as organizações estão implementando quando enfrentam uma crise criada ou amplificada pelas mídias sociais. Desde o desenvolvimento das mídias sociais no final dos anos 1990, a interação entre as esferas off-line e on-line tornou-se mais complexa, e caracteriza-se por dinâmicas de uma nova magnitude, como exemplificado pela onda de revoluções 'Twitter' ou o escândalo Wikileaks em meados da década de 2000, onde os comportamentos on-line afetaram profundamente a realidade off-line. O mundo corporativo não escapa a este fenômeno mundial, e há cada vez mais exemplos de reputações corporativas destruídas por movimentos nas mídias sociais. Assim sendo, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar, por meio da análise de seis casos recentes de crises corporativas (2013-2015) da França e do Brasil, diferentes estratégias atualmente em uso. Busca-se identificar exemplos de boas e más práticas para as empresas adotarem ou evitarem ao enfrentarem uma crise nas mídias sociais. A primeira parte deste trabalho é dedicada a uma revisão da literatura sobre gestão de crises e mídias sociais. A partir dessa revisão, eu desenvolvi um modelo matricial, a Matriz de Gerenciamento de crise em Mídias Sociais, com o qual eu analisei as estratégias de resposta das seis empresas que selecionei. Este modelo permitiu a conceituação de crises nas mídias sociais em uma matriz multidimensional construída para permitir a escolha, de acordo com quatro parâmetros, da estratégia de resposta mais eficiente (isto é: o que irá limitar o dano à reputação). Atribuição de responsabilidade pela crise para a empresa pelos stakeholders, a origem da crise (interna ou externa), o grau de ameaça à reputação, e as emoções transmitidas on-line pelos interessados ajudam as empresas a determinar a adoção de uma resposta defensiva ou acomodativa. Os resultados da análise sugerem que as crises de mídia social são, ao contrário de suas contrapartes off-line tradicionais, caracterizadas por envolvimento emocional e irracionalidade, e não podem ser tratadas tradicionalmente. Assim, analisar as emoções do stakeholders mostrou-se, nos casos analisados, um bom termômetro da gravidade da crise, e como tal, um melhor direcionador para selecionar uma estratégia de resposta. Por conseguinte, nos casos, as empresas minimizaram os danos à reputação ao responder aos seus stakeholders de forma acomodativa, independentemente da situação 'objetiva', o que pode ser uma mudança de paradigma no gerenciamento de crise.
Yeo, Heejung. "Organization and effectiveness of boards of directors : role and independence of directors in French large firms." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10062.
Full textThe dissertation is devoted to theoretical and empirical analyses of organization and effectiveness of boards of directors, and role and independance of directors in French large corporations. Literature review of corporate governance is provided in chapter 1. The second chapter examines how large shareholders affect the composition of outside directors on boards of directors in French listed firms. We find that the second large shareholders tends to be related to a lower presence of independent directors, and a higher presence of affiliated directors on the board. The third chapter addresses the reciprocal interlocks between the CEOs in 245 French large corporations. The fourth chapter analyzes the effects of board composition and ownership structure on the formation of monitoring committees in French large corporations, considered as a good indicator of board effectiveness
Kalman, Samuel. "Vers un ordre nouveau : the concepts of nation and state in the doctrines of the faisceau and croix de feu/parti social français /." *McMaster only, 2000.
Find full textPerron, Suzie. "L'évolution de l'industrie du bleuet au Québec : éléments de comparaison avec la France /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1991. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textThomas, Jonathan. "Le disque politique en France (1929-1939)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0003.
Full textBetween 1929 and 1939, important political parties and associations in France (i.e. Parti socialiste, Parti communiste, Action française…) used discs for their propaganda in a context of turmoil and intense ideological competition. Although recorded sound has been conceived and used as a political tool since its invention, the range and the frequency of its political usages grew considerably during the interwar period. These ‘political discs’ were produced by firms affiliated or close to political organizations. They were classified within specific catalogues and grouped within series, and were meant to be listened during political rallies or at activists’ homes. Their growing numbers as well as the range and frequency of their usages show, as it were, a sonic turn for propaganda, empowered by recording technologies. Under-researched in the field of cultural history and political sciences, discs have been the first and main medium used for such an extensive propaganda. Technically ready for political uses at least since the end of the first decade of the twentieth century, discs were not explicitly employed as a propaganda tool until 1929. I argue that the period between the 1910s and the 1920s foregrounded the genesis of the political disc not only as a technical medium, but also as a social one. To investigate political discs, I develop a specific methodology grounded on the nexus between social and political history, sound studies and musicology. First, I examine how discs became political through the study of their changing social role and value. Second, I consider how discs emerged as political medium over the course of the 1930s, serving for opposite political organizations. This investigation leads me to rediscover neglected chapters of the intertwined histories of the disc and of political communication, also reflecting upon the social and political uses of sound in democratic regimes. I have carried out an extensive archival research on newspapers, magazines, advertisements, and internal reports, exploring both institutional and private holdings. I also had the opportunity to listen to some of these discs in order to fully understand their strategic purposes. By following the evolution of the imaginary and agency connected to recorded sounds, I have shown how discs gained political power and have been used as a way to create and manage the attention of the audience, as a medium embodying the authority of public orators, and as a disseminator of particular models of political mobilization. I believe that recorded sounds, and in particular political discs, are the first historical occurrences of a specific reconfiguration of the political usages of sound. A reconfiguration that was provoked and elicited by technology and its innovative power. The study of the disc leads me toward a ‘political pragmatics of sound’, which is still to be studied and understood
Fenton, Anne Marie. "France, Italy and the 2002/2003 Iraq crisis." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FFenton.pdf.
Full textThesis advisor(s): David S. Yost. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-96). Also available online.
Tapoyo, Vanessa. "La spiritualité perçue comme un facteur de performance du leadership dans les organisations : cas des dirigeants en France et au Gabon." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30005.
Full textThe contemporary society is in permanent evaluation in a speed always more greater, a competition always stronger and creating more and more a faintness at the people with responsibility who work in an atmosphere of big uncertainty, of loss of humanity and marks. For the leaders today, the challenge is to find the peace, serenity and confidence in the work every day; to find alternatives for their good to be and has to better yield one their leadership. It is by this way that intervenes the spirituality. This search highlighted the way the spirituality participates to improve and to maint performance of the leadership in organizations. By the construction of a theory of the Including Spiritual Leadership, we understand why, how and in which purpose the spiritual intervenes in the life of the managers/leaders. The spirituality appears as engine of efficiency of the leadership of the managers/ leaders, essentially by a report to one, to the otherness, to the belief, to the transcendent, to the religious order and to the faith. It is « the ascendancy of the spirit on the body ». The manager/leader finds in the spirituality a frame to think and of action which through by the sense, the introspection, the optimism and the confidence. The leader takes example and embodies the example, he is less vulnerable and more productive. His « spiritual competence » influences its choices, its state of mind and its interactions, allowing him to go at the end of its realizations through « love » of « others »
Costanzo, Elsa. "Analyse comparée des "fonds citoyens" en France : comment gérer la pluralité des logiques institutionnelles ?" Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20011/document.
Full textThe so called “citizen” funds are the organizations of social finance that collect funds, in the form of shares from physical persons in order to finance projects addressing social and/or political issues. They combine the necessary attention on the economic and financial sustainability with a political vill of social change. This work aims to precisely characterize the operating logics and to question their ability to coexist. The typology of the resources and the economic model of the citizen funds, the analysis of the legitating strategies through the speech as well as the relationship with the public authorities reveal u four institutional logics: alternative, profit-oriented, public-oriented and logic of movement
Kralfa, Ataouia. "La profession d'avocat en Algérie coloniale (1830-1962)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0300/document.
Full textAlgeria is this beautiful country making up the central part of North Africa.Conquered by France on July 5, 1830, Algeria belongs to its colonial past. In order forAlgeria to take its flight, it needed its own institutions but also, it needed to adapt the laws,uses and public services of France. One hundred thirty two years of occupation make up forthe desire to have Algeria be an extension of France.Studying the profession of lawyer in Algeria between 1830 and 1962 (date of itsindependance) allows to look at the legal origins never before explored. One of its majorrevelations is the inexistance of the profession of a lawyer as a professional organizationgoverned by laws. A study that brings to light half a century of a battle of French lawyers toconquer the same laws and prerogatives than the French. Furthermore, the thesis contributesto show, as early as the beginning of the twentieth century, the cleavage between France andAlgeria whose laws differ considerably. A lawyer has the role of a social mediator to quellconflicts and bring together the interests of all
Kaspar, Roxane. "La mise en œuvre des aménagements de peine en Franche-Comté : un processus actionné par l'organisation de la chaîne judiciaire et pénitentiaire et une approche du système nature - individualité - société." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1004.
Full textThe implementation of the sentence adjustment in Franche-Comté is proving to be a multidimensional object of research. It unfolds simultaneously in several sociological dimensions. First, it is part of a global and societal context and of a national legislative framework. Second, it is realized within local territories, distinct geographies and specific infrastructures. Third, there is due to the presence and action of different groups of actors with particular characteristics. Fourth, it is driven by the individualities, all as unique as each other, forming these groups of actors. In short, the implementation of the sentence adjustment is undoubtedly a human, organizational and social object.By conducting research - both empirical and theoretical - architectured by these dimensions, it is possible to penetrate the heart of the object studied. The survey focused on the seven francs-comtois sites of the implementation of the sentence adjustment led to perceive this implementation as a process driven by the judiciary and penitentiary chain. Being structured and arranged, this chain takes the form of an organization. The judiciary and penitentiary chain is also an organization extended by connecting external groups (partners) necessary for its optimal operation. In carrying out this process, the organization takes singularly charge of person placed in judicial custody. It demonstrates a social mobilization whose purpose is to rework the Nature-Individuality-Society system
Souamaa, Nadjib. "La France et l’OIT (1890-1953) : vers une « Europe sociale » ?" Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040061.
Full textThe year 1919 was decisive in the social history. Indeed, it was marked by the creation of the International Labour Organization (ILO), resulting from part XIII of the treaty of Versailles. This institution with universal vocation placed itself in continuity of experiments and of carried out reflections, since the 19th century, on the Old continent. The objective of the European powers was to define an international framework of common rules for States, to prevent at the same time excesses of some managers, the conflicts with the workers, while fighting the practice of the social dumping and guaranteeing a fair competition, not only between them but also on an international scale. France played a major role in the writing of these texts and the creation of the ILO, charged to continue this work. So this institution had to reconcile the europeocentrism dominating the International Labour Office and its universal vocation. The solution appeared, during the Second World War, through the interregionalism developed by Paul van Zeeland, and that the institution tried to implement during the post-war period and the cold war. It was a question of creating regional regroupings and of making them cooperate in the policy fields, economic and social to guarantee peace in the world; Western Europe had to be the laboratory about it. This region, in particular France, thus influenced durably the reflections of the ILO
Li, Zhipeng. "La diaspora Wenzhou en France et ses relations avec la Chine." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT5009/document.
Full textThe Chinese diaspora has been growing since the second half of the nineteenth century. In France, the Chinese immigration from the region of the Wenzhou has intensified since the 1980s. This sub-group of the Chinese diaspora has since rapidly expanded its economic activities. The objective of this thesis is to study the economic, social and spatial organization of Wenzhou migrants in France, manly in the Paris region, and to analyze the economic and social relations that they maintain with China in general and with their region of origin in particular. The central hypothesis of the thesis is that the economic “model of Wenzhou” area, as identified and analyzed by the Chinese scholars, and the development of Chinese entrepreneurship in France are closely linked in particular through "Import"of this model in France. The results of our thesis reveal the existence of an original transnational economy connecting France and China, that was supported by the Wenzhou diaspora and that produced a form of "migratory transfer" in each of the two countries. More broadly, the thesis helps to show how the Chinese diaspora in France contributed to the economic development of China, but also how it benefitted from measures included in China's new policy initiated in the early 2000s to consolidate itself
Moreira, Lionel. "Crisis communication: organization's reactions to unexpected events." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8367.
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Reputation is considered the most important asset of companies. It enables to set up business relationship and ensure the good functioning of the organization. When an unexpected even crops up, reputation could be threatened. Managers, leaders of the organization, need to demonstrate reactivity, a capacity of responding to stakeholders‟ requirements and a capacity to detect and to rectify faults within the organization through a learning process, in order to avoid negative consequences. The latter could tarnish reputation and impact the operational development of the company. Through crisis communication, we observed that Air France adopted different postures after the crash of the flight 447. These ones were adapted to stakeholders‟ requirements and to the degree of threat that the company suffered. Just after the accident, the company decided to use the recognition strategy by assuming a symbolic responsibility and by communicating uppermost to the families of victims and to the media. The following weeks, the company privileged the strategy of silence which consists in not to communicate directly with the media. Finally, Air France used the 'scapegoat' strategy when the company was subjected to direct attacks. Companies‟ reactions summed up to the advance of the ongoing judiciary investigation revealed 'historical' organizational faults within the company, as for instance, the lack of communication between pilots and managers or the managers technical and operational insensitivity. Although internal and external issues, Air France demonstrated that a well managed crisis communication limits financial and reputational impacts. Consequently, the company suffers limited negative consequences of this crisis.
A reputação é considerada o ativo mais importante das empresas. Ela permite o estabelecimento de relações comerciais e garante um bom funcionamento da organização. Quando um evento inesperado surge, a reputação pode ser ameaçada. Os gerentes, líderes da organização, têm então que demonstrar reatividade e capacidade em responder as necessidades dos stakeholders, e capacidade de detectar e consertar as falhas dentro da organização através de um processo de aprendizagem, para evitar conseqüências negativas que poderiam danificar a reputação e impactar o desenvolvimento operacional da empresa. Através da comunicação de crise, observamos que depois da queda do avião AF 447, a companhia Air France adotou diferentes posturas adaptadas ao pedido dos stakeholders e ao grau de ameaça sofrido. Logo depois do acidente, a empresa decidiu adotar a estratégia do reconhecimento, assumindo uma responsabilidade simbólica e comunicando prioritariamente para as famílias das vitimas e para a mídia. Nas seguintes semanas ela utilizou a estratégia do silêncio que consiste em não comunicar diretamente a mídia. Finalmente, ela usou a estratégia do 'bode expiatório' quando ela foi sujeita a ataques diretos. As reações da empresa somadas ao avanço das investigações judiciais revelaram falhas organizacionais 'históricas' dentro da própria empresa, como por exemplo, a falta de comunicação entre pilotos e gerentes ou uma falha de sensibilidade técnica e operacional da parte dos gerentes. Apesar de problemas interno e externo, a Air France demonstrou que uma comunicação de crise bem gerenciada limita os impactos financeiros e de reputação. As conseqüências negativas sofridas pela companhia Air France foram limitadas.
Ferchichi, Monia. "Organisation et performance économique de la filière bioéthanol : Analyse appliquée aux cas de la France et des Etats-Unis d'Amérique." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGPT0046.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze the organization and the economic performance of the bioethanol sector in France and in the USA with a particular interest in the relationships between the farmers and their clients the processors. The hypothesis that leads our research is that the economic performance of the bioethanol plants in France and in the USA intervenes in several levels: the level of the profitability of the processing activity, the level of governance mechanisms, the level of contracts types and the level of input procurement's organization or the technical coordination between the actors involved. We associated three types of approaches: (i) empirical studies of sectors' organizations and the relationships between producers and processors, (ii) modeling approaches in order to study precisely certain difficulties observed in the field using three theoretical frames: vertical relationships analysis, command strategy choice and contracts theory and (iii) intervention approaches to help the operators in solving problems. Using these three types of approaches, we identified certain problems in the coordination between clients and suppliers in the bioethanol sector with developing analysis frames of problems and operational tools to guide the operators in an approach of solving the identified difficulties
Coulm, Bénédicte. "Accoucher en France : prise en charge de la naissance en population générale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T085/document.
Full textWe assessed practices during delivery and the postpartum period in France, in a context where evidence based medicine plays a more and more important role in professional practice, where the closure of maternity units leads to a concentration of births in large public and specialized units, and where professionals want to meet the needs of women and some of their requests.We first described how maternity units’ characteristics contribute to explain variations in obstetrical intervention’s rates. We studied postpartum length-of-stay and support for women after discharge from maternity unit, and interventions performed during labor among low-risk women (inductions, cesareans, instrumental deliveries and episiotomy).In a second part we estimated the proportions of potentially avoidable cesarean deliveries and inductions without medical indications; we also investigated which factors were associated with these interventions.Obstetrical practices differed slightly depending on the size or the level of care of maternity units, except potentially avoidable cesareans, which were more frequent in small and low-specialized units, and postpartum length-of-stay, which were shorter in large and type 3 units. On the contrary, the private status of the unit strongly influenced the management of delivery: all studied interventions were more frequent in private units, sometimes in response to maternal requests (inductions without medical indications for example). Women’s medical characteristics had an impact on obstetric intervention rates; the associations were similar to those previously reported in other publications. However social characteristics had little influence on the content of care.The results provide an overall evaluation, useful for assessing perinatal public health policies. They raise questions about maternity unit organization and processes that lead to decisions to perform obstetrical interventions
Mouala, Christian Serge Honoré. "Coïnfection VIH et paludisme d'importation : exemple de la France." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS232.
Full textInteraction between Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and malaria, has been a reason for concern because of the epidemiological and geographical overlap of HIV/AIDS and malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. This work presents two contributions to the understanding of this co-infection in a developed country context. Regarding the study of factors associated with HIV on severity of malaria episode, the analysis focused on patients from the French Hospital Database on HIV ANRS CO4. We observed that the severity of malaria was associated with low CD4 T cells, and the risk of severe malaria appeared lower among patients returning from an endemic area of high prevalence chloroquino-resistance (Zone 3) than those returning from area of lower prevalence of chloroquino-resistance (Zone 2). Regarding the study of the impact of HIV-infection and immune status on malaria, the analysis focused on the comparison of subjects exposed to HIV (from the FHDH) and unexposed to HIV (from Bichat hospital database) has shown an association between immunodepression (CD4 <350/mm3) and the severity of imported malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. Absence of malaria prophylaxis was also associated with the severity of malaria episode, justifying provision of targeted and appropriately delivered preventives message for people travelling in malaria endemic areas message and preventive measures to reduce the preventable morbidity from P. falciparum malaria and the co-infection with HIV, even for subjects originating from malaria endemic areas
Pichler, Lothar. "Comparison of the French and German approaches to ESDP and NATO." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FPichler.pdf.
Full textLange, Julien, and Egon Schörling. "Management in Practice : A Multiple Case Study of Contemporary Managers in a Management Theory Context." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-43687.
Full textDucros, Célia. "Travail des chefs d’établissement et pilotage des équipes pédagogiques : analyse de l’activité de chefs d’établissement en collège réseau ambition réussite en France." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3034.
Full textThis thesis studies the tools of headmasters resulting of the evolution of school policies witch made them as managers. Headmasters are facing unprecedented situations with ambition success networks: new staff, co-leading of teams, forming new and heterogeneous groups. Our historic and cultural approach states that individual activity is a social construction based on social objects witch make possible inter-individual mediation. The ergonomic approach to the activity states that the headmaster's activity is individual but necessarily shared and mediated by tools. Repeated interviews of headmasters have been analyzed and put in perspective with the interviews of several other school actors. The results show that the activity of the headmaster is prevented: the organization of work does not contribute to the reorganization of the milieu and of the social relations. On the one hand, the tools used to act on the milieu are not transformed to reorganize the milieu and the school-based rationale prevails. In return, the headmaster sees his work as unchanged. On the other hand, the tools used to act on teachers do not allow them to contribute to the reorganization of the milieu. The tools aim at mobilize them, make them subscribe, gather them or sometimes set them behavior patterns. In return, the work of organization made by teachers remains in obscurity. Consequently, organization of work and work of organization do not meet
Tarillon, Caroline. "Les représentations des dirigeants en matière de croissance et de gouvernance à l'origine des trajectoires des start-up." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENG015/document.
Full textStart-ups' represent a large pool of job and wealth creation. The high heterogeneity of their trajectories raises questions about the factors behind the growth process. Most previous research on this issue highlights the central role of the entrepreneur, primarily in terms of ability to lose control within the company and motivation for growth. This research is embedded in the broader conception of corporate governance that calls for taking into account simultaneously disciplinary and cognitive views of governance. This study analyzes the 2,703 entrepreneurs' profiles of start-ups which have been supported by the French Ministry in charge of Research between 1999 and 2012. The main objective is to understand the relationship between entrepreneurs' representations in terms of growth and governance and the trajectories of their firms. The results show the existence of four types of entrepreneurs. The independent entrepreneurs have a cognitive approach to corporate governance and consider that shareholders should have an enabling power by bringing skills, knowledge and network to the firm. They expect that growth could offer them greater independence, and are at the head of a company having experienced some growth in the past; they are still more motivated to continue to grow. The collective entrepreneurs have a hybrid approach to governance, centered primarily on managerial disciplinary role of shareholders but also on their cognitive contributions. These entrepreneurs only see growth in a positive way and, unlike independent entrepreneurs, if their company has not yet experienced growth, they are highly motivated for growth. The entrepreneurs-managers have only a disciplinary financial governance view; they anticipate growth as a way to consolidate the company that has seen its size greatly increased in the past. Their motivation to growth is also very high. Finally, self-centered entrepreneurs accord only extremely small role to shareholders; they have a negative view of growth, are at the head of a company which has no past growth and do not want to change in the future. To conclude, we observe a strong relationship between entrepreneurs' representations in terms of governance and growth, and the trajectories of the start-ups they lead
Barrantes, Karina. "Communautés de pratique, apprentissage informel et réseaux sociaux en entreprise : quels enjeux de partage ? : étude de cas comparative d'une population d'actuaires chez AXA France et AXA Mexique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H033.
Full textIn the knowledge economy, the economic framework is, however, different from the agricultural and industrial economies, because the value is not produced exclusively by land or tangible objects, but also by the production of forms and the capitalization of knowledge. This research is supported by CIFRE scholarship between AXA Research Founds and Paris Descartes University. We chose to study two fields: AXA France and AXA Seguros México in order to try to define the possible cultural differences and the possible opportunities for sharing resources between both companies that belong to the same multinational group. In both contexts, we used mainly semi-structured interviews and participant observation. In this thesis, we will discuss three aspects: knowledge management within the company, training and circulation of knowledge, and challenges of communities of practice and social networks in new organizational contexts, mainly in the population of actuaries
Siqueira, Tiago Teixeira da Silva. "Forme d'organisation et profil environnemental de l'exploitation agricole : le cas du secteur laitier." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20116/document.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the analysis of the relationship between farm’s forms of organization and environmental performance. The links between the way in which farm is organized and governed and all the practices related with its environmental profile will be studied. First, the economic literature about environmental performance of farms and its determinants will be reviewed. Based on the insights of the neo-institutional and the evolutionary economics, an analytical framework of the relationship between forms of organization and environmental profiles will be proposed. This framework will then be applied to dairy farms in three complementary chapters. These chapters combine both quantitative approach using data from the French agricultural census of 2010 and a qualitative approach from semi-directive interviews carried out in Brazil. An insight to the empirical literature on environmental performance will be provided thanks to a systemic and multi-criteria approach of dairy farms thought a profile of agro-environmental practices. The analysis of the determinants also shows the importance of studying the farm as complex system with its own structure, governance and adaptability evolving in its external environment. Finally, the thesis bring out that there is no strict alignment between forms of organization and environmental performance. However, certain forms are more apt than others to take into account certain agro-environmental practices
Ajdour, Siham. "La mobilité interne des cadres : l'exemple des établissements de crédit en France et au Maroc." Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA1010.
Full textAdapting oneself to the constant evolution of internal and external environments presents one of the serious challenges to all companies. And one cannot conceive of the latter without taking into account the most strategic component: the human capital. Nowadays, the question on professional mobility within an organization is among those that generate the most interest. Although many a reason could be found, it is more a matter of how to keep a workforce flexible and available to occupy several positions in order to stimulate the rapid evolution of professions and qualifications, without having to lose the most competent employees.This research bears upon the latest works on the topic and proposes to further reflect on the contributing effects brought by the management of human resources onto the development of organizations. The thesis that we will support aims at comparing the stakes in and the limits to the executives’ internal mobility in companies within the banking sector in France and Morocco, and at demonstrating its impacts on their organizational performance
Mesbah, Roya. "French National Identity At The Dawn Of Globalization Searching For A New Cohesion." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1206378121.
Full textFischer, Claire-Elise. "Apports de l’archéogénétique à l’étude des groupes du Second âge du Fer en France : Approche multi-scalaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0332.
Full textIn Europe, and more precisely in France, the Iron Age is divided into two periods: the First (800-400 BC) and the Late Iron Age (400-25 BC). This one is often associated with Celtic cultures, which have been shown to be unified through the study of Celtic art. But this apparent unity is now being questioned through recent archaeological work. While cultural diversity is well known from an archaeological point of view, it is still poorly addressed from a biological point of view. The aim of this work is to provide an unprecedented palaeogenetic and palaeogenetic analysis of individuals from three necropolises in northern France, distributed along the Seine valley, a major axis of exchange between the English Channel and Burgundy. A total of 106 haplogroups, 87 mitochondrial haplotypes and 15 paternal lines were characterized. Furthermore, 12 genomes with low coverage were obtained. At the local level, a systematic comparison of the data obtained with the available biological and archaeological records was carried out, which revealed different ways of functioning. The necropolis of Urville-Nacqueville (Normandy) appears to have a cosmopolitan population, while the one of Gurgy "Les Noisats" (Yonne) is most likely being used by a local community. The cases of Barbuise "Les Grèves de Frécul" (Yonne) and Urville-Nacqueville also reveal the complexity of the social organization of these Iron Age groups through the organisation of the funeral space. Although these necropolises host diverse communities, they share a high mitochondrial diversity, an absence of grouping based on maternal ties and a low diversity of paternal lines. These results form a cohesive set of evidence supporting a patrilocal matrimonial system and a patrilineal filiation, consistent with the data in the literature. At the regional level, the results show that sites located in the lower Seine Valley share more affinities with groups in the south of England, while those in the upper Seine Valley are closer to the populations of eastern France and occupy an intermediate position between the north and south of France, highlighting a genetic structure of these groups based on their location along this river axis. Finally, on a continental scale, the results show that the Iron Age communities of Western Europe form a consistent genetic cluster and show genetic continuity with the Bronze Age groups. The data obtained are consistent with archaeological hypotheses that focus on an economic, political and/or climatic transition to explain the Bronze Age to Iron Age transition, in agreement with the local evolution of the groups as perceived at the genetic level
Geeraert, Jérémy. "La question sociale en santé : L'hôpital public et l'accès aux soins des personnes en marge du système de santé en France à l'aube du XXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD080/document.
Full textThis thesis explores how the “social question” (question sociale) is managed as an issue of health at publichospitals through the lens of power relations and health care structures. To this end, the sociological studyexamines the “healthcare access unit” (Permanence d’accès aux soins de santé, PASS) of public hospitals in France,which are reserved for persons who are excluded from the healthcare system – most notably irregular migrants.The employed methods combine a socio-historical analysis with ethnographic fieldwork — including participantobservation and semi-structured interviews (n=40) — conducted over the course of three years in sixteen PASSunits based at eight different hospitals, and in the broader structures within which they exist (i.e. associationsand institutional guardianships).In the first section, a genealogy of the “social question” in health in France demonstrates how space for thehealthcare of poverty has emerged at the end of the 20th century, which specifically targets social groups amongthe most destitute. This space of a particular type of care was increasingly institutionalized in the public hospitalsystem during the 1990’s, embedding itself in both the field of public health and in the fight against socialexclusion. This space fulfills several (bio)political objectives: fighting social exclusion, ensuring a right to health,and protecting the health of the population as a whole. Second, an analysis of PASS units in the organisation ofpublic hospitals exposes how they are weakened through two dominant and competing models (technicalspecialization and new public management). Faced with this situation, varied strategies (ex. of adaptation andempowerment) are employed by different actors inside and outside of the hospital. Lastly, a third section lays outthe categories of patients that are produced during interactions with professionals from PASS units. It exposesthe role of these categories in the stratification of the health care system along its lowest margins. Patients aredivided into more or less legitimate groups - based on criteria of citizenship and of solvency – each of which areafforded differentiated values of life. These dynamics are characterized by a permanent tension betweeninclusion and exclusion in the field, and by a differentiated distribution of health care. In such a context, anindividualized and flexible government allows for the pursuit of these multiple (bio)political objectives
Vignet, Margaux. "Absentéisme différencié des femmes et des hommes dans un métier mixte : l'exemple des factrices et des facteurs." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2082/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to understand men and women absenteeism in the same profession. We questioned how same jobs can potentially generate inequalities in health conditions between men and women due to work organization, economic development and the psychosocial context. To do this, we have studied the causes of absenteeism of post-men and post-women. In order to understand this difference, we used different methods to highlight exposures that women may face in the same job : field observations and interviews, photographic diagnosis and time-use surveys. These different methods show some elements which may explain the different occupational health outcomes of women compared to the same job than men do : work organization built around male norms due to historic heritage, a declining physical mail volumes and increase in packages which can be unfavorable for women, working materials were conceived on male norms are not adapted to women and relationship to work was different for men and women. This thesis revealed that taking care of gender in order to understand women’s work allows to improve work conditions for everyone. Numerous elements have been highlighted in order to taking gender into account
Nacer, Rachid. "L’interprétation des instruments de l’Organisation internationale du travail : perspectives internationale et comparée." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100082.
Full textThe topic of the interpretation of legal instruments raises many questions within the International Labour Organisation (ILO), in both institutional and substantial terms. At the same time, the heightened interest for its work, as expressed in particular in a number of domestic court decisions, leads to a situation where the question of the interpretation of its instruments is renewed, more complex and fragmented, because of the plurality of actors it involves. This thesis aims at answering the question whether this phenomenon contributes to give effect to the texts which were adopted to give substance to social justice. In other words, the purpose is the determine if this situation ensures the dissemination and preservation of the substance of the international labour standards and enables them to respond to changing issues. In order to respond to this question, it is appropriate to conduct a research at different levels in which international standards are likely to be used. Thus, this work is first oriented on an international analysis and then focuses on a comparative study of French, Canadian and South African cases. This method emphasizes the procedural and substantive intricacies specific to each implementation frameworks of international labor standards and reveals the interactions which leads to the formation of a system
Barbery, Julie. "Changement de cadre légal dans le secteur social et médico-social et impacts sur la culture organisationnelle et les pratiques professionnelles." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30097/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis considers the organizational culture as a dependent variable, crossing multiple influences, possibly impacted by the changing of the law of January 02nd, 2002 renewing the medical and medical-social action. Il does not try to extract universal laws, but joins rather in an idiographic prospect and pursues a double objective: -1- describe the transformation of the culture of an establishment according the model of the competing values of Quinn (Quinn and Cameron, 1983; Quinn and Rohrbaugh, 1983; Cameron and Quinn, 2006), -2- qualify and quantify the implementation of the tools’slaw as well as the perception of the agents in this respect. Whereas the social and medical- social sector presented a professional culture of model type of public utility ( Sainsaulieu , 1985; Francfort and al , 1995). For this prospect, we have observed an institution that we think representative of this sector during three years while the tools laws have been elaborated then implemented. We postulated that the organization culture of this institution would be directed towards human relations during the first collecting data. We postulated also that it will go progressively toward the rules with the implementation of the tool’s law: this one is more representative of organizations that are guide to the rules values. The research proves that organizational culture is mixed, that the rule takes the lead before human relations, as early as the first collecting data. In another way, the professional cultures and the personal preferences are oriented toward human relations. During the implementation of the tool’s law, according managerial practices that respect the principles of organizational justice, and that favor organizational commitment, we observe an integration of the cultural pattern on a level of personal preferences and professional cultures
Delpal, Franck. "Analyse des pratiques d'intégration verticale par les entreprises du luxe en France et en Italie. Illustration dans le secteur textile-habillement-cuir." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED018.
Full textUnlike the outsourcing trend stated during the last decades in the textile-apparel-leather sector, luxury-fashion firms show in increasing degree of vertical integration. This thesis’ aim is to reveal the objectives and effects of this strategic move using the concepts and methods of industrial economics.The specific behavior of the luxury industry lead us to choose a microeconomic approach, based on quantitative and qualitative data gather on 21 luxury companies, and empirical statistical tests carried out on 18 firms.Results show that the main justification for a greater level of integration is the search for efficiency and rent-seeking strategies. This strategy led to higher barriers to entry on the luxury market and increased performances for installed firms
Ferjani, Sarra. "Territorialité et changement social chez les celtes du nord-ouest du Bassin parisien entre le VIIe siècle et le Ier siècle avant J.-C." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010587.
Full textThis thesis' work follows a number of studies carried on for more than thirty years on the territory during the Iron Age. It focuses on the North-West Paris basin and covers up five centuries of evolution and occupation between the Ha D1 (625 BC) and the LT D1b (90 BC). lt relies on a very rich archaeological documentation supplying a relational database built after a long work of modeling and insertion within an-information system. 3,517 occupations were thus indexed and are divided into functional categories : domestic, funerary, religious and craftsmanship. They also include data linked to regional planning. This work focuses more particularly on the domestic and funerary data. Through the use of identical tools and methodologies based on statistics, spatial analysis and spatial statistics, the goal was to see how each of these categories of sites allowed to transcribe the evolution of the occupation, of the structuration of the territories, and also of the human groups. The question that arose was that of the hierarchy of the sites and, through them, of the society. The hierarchy was approached through a crossover study of fumiture and structures. For the domestic occupations, it was also the occasion to start considering the identification of the numerous activities implemented, which make it possible to characterize the complexity and the richness of the occupations
Bonnet, Fabien. "Évolutions sociétales et mutations de la relation client : Une approche communicationnelle de la relation au client développée par EDF." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040157.
Full textThis research investigates the evolution of the relationship developped by EDF, a former state company, with his clientele. Implementing a communicational approach, we are notably questioning the sense of marketing practices and speeches, which came with the recent emergence of the notion, systems and practises of the Customer Relationship Management. After showing the necessity of a contextualised approach in order to tackle the research object in its whole complexity, the relation between EDF and its public is analysed at the rise of the socio-political and economical evolutions which underpinned its development. In a second part, this research analyses the way the company put in practice and staged its customer relationship since its creation in 1949. In particular, a stress has been put on the move of the company messages towards a stronger symbolic dimension. Finally, these practises and their presentation by EDF are questioned through customer perception and put in perspective through a case study. Consequently, collective interviews allow to identify the lack in signification of broadcasted messages. The case of the German energy provider Yello Strom confirms the interest of a communicational approach of social interactions between companies and customers, apprehended in their symbolic and sensible dimensions
Gallot, Sidonie. "L'effet établissement : une émergence complexe des systèmes de communication : une approche communicationnelle des phénomènes humains de communication pour les établissements publics locaux d'enseignement." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30060.
Full textIn France, since the decentralization and orientation acts of 1983 and 1989, secondary schools are defined as almost autonomous organizational entities and they develop specific behaviours on local scales. The fact that schools are not of equal merit is acknowledged and the obvious differences between them keep on making researchers wonder about them. In spite of the abundance of studies led to understand schools and their « productions », the communicational and human dimension seems to be neglected whereas, in our opinion, in this social organization that is nothing but a « human structure for human beings », it looks essential. This doctoral thesis is about inter-human communication on the school ground. It puts forward to delve into the core of schools to understand the complicated phenomena of communication in real-life situations through the interactions of its organized forces and the communicational construction of these organizations. We will examine these phenomena through the presentation and the study of five secondary and high schools with various idiosyncrasies and results in a constructivist, complex and systemic approach. It is about understanding how this human and relational side can influence what these organizations are, do and generate. Our study will lead us to show that all the communicational systems look alike in many ways, and that assessment will make us propose a pattern of the systems of communication and understand those systems and their effects according to what they consist of and how they perform. This theoretical model will allow us to contemplate some pragmatic angles of intervention to try to improve the systems of communication in schools as well as their effects
Blaizot, Frédérique. "Les espaces funéraires de l’habitat groupé des Ruelles à Serris du VIIe au XIe s. (Seine et Marne, Île-de-France) : taphonomie du squelette, modes d’inhumation, organisation et dynamique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14385/document.
Full textThe site of Les Ruelles, at Serris (Seine-et-Marne, France), emerges within the framework of a creation of settlements in the 7th century. It begins with the establishment of a domanial farm and is abandoned at the beginning of the 11th century after the revival of the pole of power in the 10th century. The archaeological excavations covering16 hectares, fit in a territory largely explored by archaeology ; it reveals a bipolar agglomerated settlement and a major funerary unit which developed around two religious buildings of which one is destroyed at the end of the 8th century. By taking into account the small funerary units dispersed in the different parts of the “pre-village”, Les Ruelles add up to a little more than one thousand burials. This work aims to classify and study the taphonomic phenomena of the skeleton in order to identify funerary architectures and to understand their evolution (typochronological analyses). Concerning this aspect, the synthesis is accompanied by the exhaustive analytical catalogue of the burials. A second orientation relates to the analysis of the funerary practices, to highlight the shapes of social organization that they are supposed to transcribe. This part approaches the analysis of sex and age repartition by chronological phases, the spatial distribution of the burials according to the architectural choices and to the sex and the age at death, the forms of regroups and the material management of the funeral settlement, the spatial continuities and discontinuities, as well as the relations maintained by the various burial units between them. Are finally discussed the genesis of the funerary poles, the way in which they develop, the role of the two religious buildings, the status of the various groups revealed by the study of the funerary practices, the relation between domestic and sepulchralplaces, and also the patterns of management and organization in this territory. The conclusions fit in to the general questioning relating to the organization and the evolution of the rural societies of the Early middle ages
Jouan, De Kervenoael Alix. "SARL et liberté statutaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV093.
Full textIf the French SARL (limited liability company) is governed by a precise legal framework,their users benefit from appreciable areas of freedom to adapt them to specific needs. The purpose ofthis thesis is to investigate two main aspects of the statutory freedom granted to SARL: the way thiscompany can be funded and how powers are organised. Firstly, if the legislator has facilitated thecreation of SARL by reducing the financial constraint of a minimum legal share capital for a decadenow, this statutory freedom can weaken the financial basis of companies leading them to undercapitalization.In case of a share capital fixed at a nominal value, the assets can be regarded asinsufficient and the constituent elements of the partnership agreement can be questioned. The mainconsequences of this situation are possible recourse against partners and managers in terms ofresponsibility, additional guaranties demanded by the banks on their personal assets to cover company’sloans. These corporate risks finally put the SARL in contradiction with their objects. Besides, if thelegislator allows issuance of bonds and sweat equity, these legal instruments are insufficient to increasecompanies’ financial bases. Hence, couldn't specific funding methods be introduced on the basis ofstatutory freedom? Secondly, as the legal framework grants to SARL’s managers a large representationpower, statutory freedom allows to limit it and to place managers under the control of the partners. Butthis organisational freedom is itself limited by the fact that it is not enforceable against third-parties. Asa whole, if the legal system governing the SARL offers real opportunities in order to improve the rulesof organization and management, the intervention of the legislator would be appropriate in order tosolve statutory freedom’s shortcomings
McGuire, Michael E. "An ephemeral relationship: American non-governmental organizations, the reconstruction of France, and Franco-American relations, 1914-1924." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12513.
Full textThis dissertation assesses the significance for Franco-American relations of five American non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that assisted devastated French civilians during and after the First World War. It considers why five American NGOs that extensively and intensively helped restore French territories devastated by that war failed to improve relations between France and the United States during or after these NGOs' reconstructive activities. From 1917 to 1924, the Civilian Division of the American Fund for French Wounded (later the American Committee for Devastated France), the American Friends Service Committee, and the Smith, Wellesley, and Vassar College relief units helped rehabilitate French communes and farmlands in the Aisne, Somme, Marne and Meuse departements. Despite the duration and effectiveness of their work, and the hundreds of volunteers and millions of dollars they spent for France, few individuals in either the U.S. or France know of the reconstruction these American NGOs made possible. The exclusion ofthese societies from French and American historical memory stems not from prewar French anti-Americanism, postwar Franco-American international disputes, or transnational cultural disputes these American NGOs precipitated vis-a-vis their French counterparts. The aforementioned societies surmounted these French cultural and governmental concerns by cooperating with French and American authorities, assigning qualified volunteers to devastated French villages, and appreciating the cultural differences between French and American relations between the sexes and attitudes toward material culture. Instead, the unduly-overlooked history of these American NGOs and the civilian relief they accomplished derived from the manner in which these five American NGOs concluded their postwar relief programs in France. Rather than present their wartime, post-Armistice (November 11, 1918-June 28, 1919), and postwar (June 28, 1919-April 1924) work in France as portents of improved Franco-American international and transnational relations, they simplistically announced that the tasks of these NGOs had been accomplished, and that the relations between American NGOs and the French civilians they had benefited had formally concluded. Consequently, although they endowed scholarships, distributed material goods, and erected buildings as monuments to their work, the presentation of these gifts dissolved the relationship between American NGO volunteers and French civilians.
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Lazar, Loredana. "Innovation et responsabilité sociale : le cas de l'adoption des innovations responsables par les collectivités territoriales : Étude comparative France - Roumanie." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839597.
Full textBeltou, Nicolas. "Attitudes et comportements des salariés de France Télévisions en contexte de changements organisationnels : antécédents et mécanismes explicatifs." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2011.
Full textOrganizational changes tend to be more and more frequent for businesses and a successful implementation is a financial and operational challenge for them. The main purpose of this doctoral dissertation was (1) to contribute to identifying individual and organizational factors that develop positive attitudes and adjustment, in time of organizational change, (2) to explore the mechanisms underlying such effects. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 showed that, when a corporate relocation is carried out, social support is positively correlated to anticipated change satisfaction, while workplace attachment is negatively correlated to it. Moreover, our results indicated that, perception of change justification is a mediator in those relationships. Study 2 found that, in time of Enterprise Resource Planning's (ERP) implementation, social capital was positively related to three forms of adjustment (i.e., task, intrapersonal and inter-individual adjustment) through role clarity. At last, study 3 exposed that, in that same context, the more an individual has a positive reaction to change, the more affective commitment to change appears as an explanatory mechanism between the quality of organizational communication on change and change satisfaction indicators (i.e., Task-Technology Fit and change satisfaction). As a whole, all three studies help to expand scientific knowledge on organizational changes and contribute to opening a discussion on positive organizational actions that support change success.Keyword : organizational change, corporate relocation, ERP, social support, workplace attachment, change justification, anticipated change satisfaction, social capital, adjustment, quality of change communication, task technology fit, change satisfaction, affective commitment to change, positive reaction to change
Gimet, Paul. "Gouvernance et leadership des écologies favorables à l'innovation dans le secteur des services à la personne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1103.
Full textIn a constrained environment related to regulations of public policies (diverse and potentially contradictory), our research focuses on the ability of a meta-organization to organize an ecology capable of promoting organizational innovations, by mobilizing two levers governance and leadership. We show that the first lever is represented by a dual governance (formal and informal), open and low-stratified; while the leadership takes a mixed form: vertical-hierarchical and horizontal-shared. A second result is to show that it is through the combination of governance and leadership that the PSP (Home Care Services Association, "Pôle de Services à la Personne") Pole manages to develop the three practices that support innovations (governance helps to orchestrate knowledge capabilities and to strategize while the leadership participates in the development of public policies). In a third result, we show how governance and leadership also foster a fourth practice (or meta-practice), which is a theoretical work (Munir, 2005) to justify mergers and acquisitions, and mobilize a network of allies (experts, services providers, operators, opinion leaders...) for these innovations. This theoretical work is all the more necessary that this sector is particularly marked by tensions deeply rooted in opposing institutional logics. Our fourth contribution is to analyze the role of ethics as a boundary-object (Grenier, 2006) for discussion and some forms of reconciliation around the merger-acquisition as a solution to the future of this sector
Demontrond, Nicolas. "L'Etat en Basse-Normandie : étude d'une déconcentration." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020058/document.
Full textThe deconcentrated administration in France is in charge of the application to the territory of national decisions. The 1982 decentralization upsets this schema. The territorial collectivities took a lot of power and authority to the deconcentrated State services. These latters had to change themselves to continue to ensure their missions. This doctoral thesis explains these transformations from a concrete example: the Basse-Normandie region. It shows how the French State continues to ensure his presence in his territories over the different reforms
Carriere, Stephan. "Modélisation d'un système pédagogique hypercomplexe : transposition fractale à la formation professionnelle continue agricole publique de la région Rhône-Alpes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG027/document.
Full textThere are a lot of difficulties in a networking of the CFPPA in Rhône-Alpes region, supported by their own EPLEFPA: agreement, mutualization, harmonization of practices, productions… It has been highlighted in an internal study in 2011. Besides, public markets’ constraints urge the formation centers to adopt few convenient functional for the deployment of appropriates pedagogical and engineerical activities. Failures are increased in all level. From complexity theories, this research suggests a new organizational and productive hypercomplex model at different levels (network, center, pedagogical device, and learning situation). Without wanting to normalize, this modeling wants to rebuild healthy, effective, efficient and harmonizate, new interactions, conducive to different pedagogical practices. Because all these levels are interconnected, they must could easily prop up some with the others, in a recursive, fractal, and dialogical logic, and by the way integrate the same fundamental references
Mayol, Alexandre. "Essais sur les déterminants et l'efficacité de la tarification des services publics : une application aux évolutions du secteur de l'eau potable en France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E046/document.
Full textThe present thesis proposes a theoretical and empirical study of the determinants of the pricing of public services and their conditions of effectiveness. Taking into account environmental and social issues, the deployment of smart grids and the strong constraint on cost control have led to the implementation of new pricing and organizational practices in public services. This thesis proposes three essays devoted to the impact of these new practices in drinking water in France. First, we analyze the transition from an affine tariff to a progressive tariff on the behavior of consumers of drinking water, starting from a natural experiment conducted in Dunkerque. A first result indicates that demand has decreased with this new tariff, while creating distortions. A second result indicates that the consumer reaction to the price signal has been ambivalent. This work suggests to rethink the tariff design and the accompaniment of the consumers in their choices to limit the cognitive biases. In a second step, we analyze how the local political organization (in France, the level of the single municipality, the union of communes (Syndicats) or super-municipality (communauté de communes) and the management mode (public or private) can influence the performance of the public service. The impact of these organizational configurations on costs has never been studied simultaneously by the literature. We first propose a theoretical model to analyze them together. Then, from a panel of French water services, we observe empirically that these different organizational combinations have an impact on the price
Teng, Teng. "Le territoire de Kouangtchéou Wan : de sa concession à la France à sa rétrocession à la Chine, 1898-1945." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0092/document.
Full textOfficially conceded to France by the Franco-Chinese convention of November 16, 1899, the territory of Guangzhou Wan was, in the eyes of Paul Doumer, General Governor of Indochina at that time, an important and indispensable “machine” for achieving his ambitious political and economic project with regard to the southern China, and for the future French development in the Far East. The study on the history of France in Guangzhou Wan aims to reveal the evolution of a Chinese port city under the French administration, during the first half of the previous century. It’s about, at first, to discover the strategic and geo-political initiative that motivate the takeover of the territory, the administrative and judicial organization adopted, as well as the organic reforms that resulted from the changes of the local or neighboring circumstance, witch had more or less provoked the evolution of this city; then, to expose the hopes of France on this territory and its realized works; finally, to study the raisons why the hopes of France to Guangzhou Wan have been disappointed
Castor-Gauthier, Gaelle. "Organisation, communication et prise de décision dans les très petites entreprises françaises. Sociologie-anthropologie économique d’une PME du centre de la France." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20005.
Full textThe contexte of this research takes place within the framework of a contract Cifre.This contract was signed between a laboratory (the GLYSI, become MODYS), a company (small and medium-sized entreprise (SME) of 70 employees proposing phone solutions in very small entreprises) and the ANRT. Such a cooperation presented several advantages, both for the sociological research and for the SME.The research was so able to obtain to work on a segment of company still little studied, the very smalls companies from 0 to 9 employees, both from the point of view of the organization and of the communication, and to practise a sociology applied thanks to a total dumping in the SME, as for it, waited to understand the future waits of it final clientele thanks to a qualitative methodology and to bring answers to the internal communications problems and to the geographical subdivisions. The research concerns essentially the question of the link that maintain between them the communication and the organization of company and put the hypothesis that it is the decision-making which connect these two elements. The results of the analysis also highlight the relative importance of the new tools of information and communication in the functioning of the very small entreprises. As for the research led for the company, it is quickly confronted with a context of particular market. The market of telecommunications crosses a restless period, because France Télécom loses the monopole. In so doing, the group FT modifies its calls for tender what, later, is going to entrainer the closure of the SME
Dubois, Antonin. "Organiser les étudiants. Mobilisations collectives et formation d'un groupe social (Allemagne et France, 1880-1914)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0028.
Full textThis thesis aims to understand how, from individuals linked through bureaucratic en-rolment at a higher learning institution, students were able to become in France and in Germany, a social group, whose members are bound together by organizations seeking to defend their specific interests and needs. The end of the 1870s and the beginning of the 1880s mark a decisive change in both countries, as public authorities – from the universities as well as from the political powers – increasingly authorize and accept the existence of student organizations. This change is traced over the long term, through the study of political repression of the student movements and of the transformation of the relation between students and the nation-state (in construction) since the beginning of the 19th century. These student organizations are socialization bodies. For their members, it is as much a matter of acquiring practical political competences as it is of completing their university curricula thanks to conferences or working groups or of strengthening their masculine bodies through physical activities. A competitive struggle begins between student organizations around a number of issues between the 1870s and until First World War, the period that is more specifically analysed in this thesis: student representation; relationship with public au-thorities; integration into the university urban space; integration into the local and national elite society; obtaining material and intellectual benefits for the members; developing common sociability forms. Through this competition students contribute to the formation of a social space of their own, and that we have named student organization space. Through the analysis of this social space and through a constant interest in the relationship of students to politics and the nation-state, it is possible to understand how the place and the role of students in university and society was transformed at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century and, therefore, how they could form a social group
Casse, Christelle. "Concevoir un dispositif de retour d'expérience intégrant l'activité réflexive collective : un enjeu de sécurité dans les tunnels routiers." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH024/document.
Full textOperating experience feedback, mainly through accident analysis is a method of choice for safety management in high risk organizations. The present research takes place in the field of road tunnel safety, proposing an integrated approach of experience feedback from the daily management of safety by tunnel monitoring staff through collective spaces for discussion and experience building.Our hypothesis is that safety in such dynamic environments as road tunnels depends on the capacity of operating teams to face the unexpected events, disturbances and accidents. This capacity is built through discussions between operating staff and with the management about the difficulties encountered during work. The return on operating experience should allow the debate on work activity in order to reach a better safety management, foster individual development and a better organization. However, there are organizational conditions for the debate to be possible and sustainable.A research and intervention protocol was set up with a road tunnel operator to test and improve a scheme for the return on operating experience based on individual and collective activity. Analyses were conducted to help operational staff link the way events are treated in day to day security management with the processing in the operational experience feedback scheme. An analysis of the current scheme showed that it is focussed on major traffic events, comprising of a set of procedures and formal rules, while the operational events, felt as critical by operators do not have a framework for discussion. Further, work activity analysis shows that operational staff develops informal spaces of collective exchanges to organize work, anticipate hazards and analyse events.Organizational simulations including operating staff, managers and the research partners were set up to transform the feedback scheme. The simulation led to an enlarged framework for feedback, defining the events to be analysed and participants to be included. The new scheme roots in the existing professional processes, develops inter-professional as well as inter-organization discussion spaces. The new scheme facilitates the sharing of experience among operating staff and structures the informal organizational practices we observed.Inter-professional discussion spaces, conducted by the team managers, were set up based on the analysis of simulated events. These structured discussion spaces proved to be effective in the confrontation of work practices, events and roles representations as well as conducive for knowledge transmission. The discussion space allows setting transverse operational rules and highlights the need for formal rules to be set by the management. The inter-professional discussion spaces are operant in improving the formal organisation as well as developing the activity of operational staff. This methodology favoured the building of experience from event analysis.This research-intervention was an opportunity to review the official classification of road tunnel events. The conditions for an integrated operating experience feedback scheme are set and discussed, as well as the implementation of simulation-based discussion spaces.From our results, we re-consider the design of interventions in organizational design, as well as the role of the intervening ergonomist
Benyahia, Nesrine. "Le droit de l'imagerie médicale et ses enjeux de santé publique : étude comparative France, Angleterre, Allemagne et Québec." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB173.
Full textMedical imaging is a care activity at the crossroads of all medical specialties. It has become a primary care activity at the heart of the diagnosis and treatment of many pathologies in oncology, neurology and cardiology, for instance. Its essential role in the care path of the patient is the result of the important development of the technologies, but also of the clinical indications. The framing of medical imaging in the French healthcare system remains nevertheless unclear and bordered by legal and economic constraints. This legal and economic uncertainty is an obstacle to the effective access to medical imaging technology for patients through, in particular, an exacerbated control of equipment installations and a disorganized acts pricing procedure. Furthermore, the lack of medico-economic evaluations delays the implementation of innovations and even creates risks to the safety and quality of the imaging tests performed
Loredo, Jean-Pierre. "L'implication des associations dans les politiques publiques de développement rural : la résonance territoriale des mondes associatifs." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764967.
Full textPouyet, Thomas. "Cormery et son territoire : origines et transformations d'un établissement monastique dans la longue durée (8e-18e siècles)." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2006.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to characterize the topographic, functional and architectural aspects of the benedictin abbey of Cormery, founded in Touraine by the community of St Martin in 791 and which was in use until the French Revolution. This multi-scalar approach of the monastery is based on written sources and standing architectural remains which include the monastic buildings. The first part of this work is dedicated to analyze the foundation process of the monastery in the Indre Valley, especially the link with the river. Secondly, the architectural study of the remains of the abbey church and the still-standing Romanesque western tower was carried out with photogrammetric and lasergrammetric recording. Finally, we conclude this work with the analysis of the spatial organization of the monastic settlement and its periphery where a medieval market town developed