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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organizational techniques'
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Steyn, Nadine Louise. "Quality improvement using visual management techniques." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2214.
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Thesis (MTech (Quality))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.<br>The fundamental activities of a business can be summarized as being a cycle of strategy development
and implementation, operations design and management and finally performance measurement,
which feeds back into strategy design. This research aims to determine whether visual management can
assist the quality motive by adding value to the above‐mentioned business activities for start‐up
businesses and strategic business units within the South African context. The main topics to be addressed are performance management and visual management (VM). Performance management entails investigating the concept of strategy, its formulation and eventual implementation; performance measurement; improvement initiatives and greater quality theory. Visual management will be introduced as an angle on corporate communication and the importance of sharing information indiscriminately throughout the organisation. Both empirical and non-‐empirical research methods are used to answer the question of the impact of VM on business activities. The first involves a theoretical synthesis from the literature, the second was based on interviews with professionals from the relevant industries, the third is content analysis of the above.
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POL, DAWID J. "DISTRIBUTED NETWORKS AS ORGANIZATIONAL GENERATOR." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179414534.
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Sewing, Jan-Hendrik. "Corporate divestiture management organizational techniques for proactive divestiture decision-making." Wiesbaden Gabler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/100087897X/04.
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Sewing, Jan-Hendrik Welge Martin K. "Corporate divestiture management organizational techniques for proactive divestiture decision-making /." Wiesbaden : Gabler, 2010. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10383087.
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Manu, Juliana S. "Training and development techniques for improving organizational performance for Ghanian firms." Online version, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004manuj.pdf.
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Siddiqui, Talha 1969. "Organizational structure : management techniques and lessons learned in aligning technical and program management resources in engineering-intensive organizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30151.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-120).<br>The roles of systems engineering, program and project management, and engineering management are continuously blurred and challenged in complex engineering organizations. The demands made of each of these functions can lead to increasing role confusion in otherwise historically well-defined functions. It is important to understand the reasons for existing practices in defining and utilizing these roles and the functions they perform in today's engineering systems. It is the goal of this thesis to show the motivation for current practices in systems and program management, and to shed light on some of the lessons learned in managing both the technology as well as the encompassing technology programs. We look specifically at existing practices in the aerospace industry as our case-study to understand matrix organizational structures, as well as gain insights from the commercial industry and academic literature on the practices deployed in innovation and new product development and management. keywords: product development, matrix organization, systems engineering, program and project management, engineering management, managing innovation<br>by Talha Siddiqui.<br>S.M.
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Tribuzi, Scot Bruce. "Efficacy of Concept Mapping Instructional Techniques to Teach Organizational Structures and Interactions." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1426457073.
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Santina, Peter Della. "Techniques in congregational transformation creating positive change through appreciative inquiry /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p046-0066.
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Gray, Alexander George. "A study of the conducivness of the culture at Freeworld Automotive Coatings to the implementation of lean maunfacturing techniques." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/910.
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It is becoming increasingly important for companies to be responsive to global demands and in order to remain competitive, many companies are looking at lean manufacturing to help them achieve this. Lean manufacturing is however more than just a set of tools as it also requires a change in the organisational culture of the company involved. The creation of an organisation that has a culture of continuous improvement and achieving results through its various principles and philosophies is a main factor in Toyota’s Toyota Way Model. It was the aim of this research study to analyse and determine the factors relating to the impact of an organisation’s culture on the concepts of lean manufacturing based on the Toyota Way model. This was achieved by analysing how conducive the current organisational culture at Freeworld Automotive Coatings to the implementation of Lean Manufacturing principles? The method used for the research study was the questionnaire method using a lean culture assessment questionnaire that has been designed by the researcher that was aligned to the principles important to the Toyota Way model. It can be concluded from the research findings of this study indicates that the existing organisational culture of Freeworld Automotive coatings is relatively conducive to the implementation of lean manufacturing principles within the company.
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Grauer, Eyal. "APPLYING NEURAL NETWORKING TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE AND TURNOVER PREDICTION." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1162830768.
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Tekie, Eden Berhe. "Creating new business models : approaches, techniques and measurement for strategic leadership and management." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53338.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT:
Given the increased uncertainty and unpredictability prevalent in the business environment,
there is heightened pressure for organizations to become radically innovative and to
constantly reinvent themselves, and ultimately change the rules of the game in their industry.
The concept of new business models is relatively new to business literature. However, its
significance cannot be underestimated where operating in a turbulent competitive landscape
has made the traditional way of doing business ineffective, and consequently has changed the
nature of competitive advantage. Despite the obvious importance of creating new business
models, there seems to be inadequate understanding and definition of the term "business
model", thereby hindering the understanding of the nature of new business models and the
approaches needed for creating new business models.
This paper initially investigated the concept of "business model" and its core dimensions,
which revealed that the term lacks an adequate and comprehensive definition. In response to
this, a comprehensive working definition for the concept was formulated after an analysis of
the various definitions proposed in the business literature. Since the key elements of a
business model are important sources of competitive advantage, this definition has been used
to illustrate how organizations can create new business models by manipulating the basic
aspects of the business model. Approaches and techniques that enable organizations to create
new business models and to become radically innovative have been selected from those put
forward by Govindarajan and Gupta (2001) and Amit and Zott (2001). Finally, an analysis
was made of the performance measurement tools for new business models. This revealed a
lack of such an evaluation tool and this study has proposed a framework from which its
dimensions can be used to expand and develop a measurement instrument for proposed
business models and/or industries.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gegee die verhoogde onsekerheid en onvoorspelbaarheid wat teenwoordig is in die
besigheidsomgewing, is daar meer druk op organisasies om radikaal innoverend te word, om
hulself konstant te herontdek en uiteindelik om die reels van die spel in hulle bedryf te
verander. Die konsep van nuwe besigheidsmodelle is relatief nuut in die besigheidsliteratuur,
maar die belangrikheid van die konsep kan nie onderskat word nie, waar die tradisionele
besigheidsbenaderings ondoeltrefferd geword het binne 'n fluktuerende mededingende
omgewing. As gevolg hiervan, het die hele wese van mededingende voorsprong verander.
Ten spyte van die duidelike behoefte aan die skep van nuwe besigheidsmodelle, blyk daar ook
om onvoldoende begrip en definisie van die term "besigheidsmodel" te wees. Dit belemmer
die begrip van die oorsprong van nuwe besigheidsmodelle en die benaderings benodig vir die
skep van nuwe besigheidsmodelle.
Hierdie skripsie het eerstens die konsep "besigheidsmodel" en sy kerndimensies ondersoek,
wat aan die lig gebring het dat die term ontbreek aan 'n voldoende en volledige definisie.
Nadat die verskeie definisies in die besigheids-literatuur is, is 'n volledige gangbare
definiesie vir die konsep geformuleer. Aangesien die sleutelelemente van 'n besigheidsmodel
belangrike bronne van mededingende voorsprong bied, is die definisie gebruik om te illustreer
hoe organisasies nuwe besigheidsmodelle kan skep deur die basiese aspekte van die
besigheidsmodel te manipuleer. Benaderings en tegnieke wat organisasies in staat stel om
nuwe besigheidsmodelle te skep en om radikaal innoverend te word, is geselekteer vanuit die
voorgestel deur Govindarajan en Gupta (2001) en Amit en Zott (2001). Ten slotte, is 'n
ontleding gedoen van die instrumente wat gebruik word om die prestasie van nuwe
besigheidsmodelle te meet. Dit het aan die lig gebring dat daar nie so 'n
evalueringsinstrument is nie, en hierdie studie het dus 'n raamwerk voorgestel waarvan die
dimensies gebruik kan word om 'n meetinstrument vir voorgestelde besigheidsmodelle en/of
industrieë uit te brei en ontwikkel.
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Sirichai, Yokota Riegle Rodney P. "Comparing two strategic decision making techniques, consensus and dialectical inquiry, in a Thai organizational culture." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1994. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9521348.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed April 18, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Rodney P. Riegle (chair), John R. McCarthy, Paul J. Baker, Jeffrey Hecht. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-75) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Tennant, David Vincent. "The adaptation of Japanese organizational and manufacturing techniques in Japanese-owned US facilities : three case studies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31027.
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Annett, Nancy K. "The novice consultant and electronic mail strategies for and implementation of politeness techniques in different organizational settings /." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181251062/.
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Agard, Christine Paula. "Recruitment Strategies, Matrices, and Techniques Used in Hiring Veterans." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3133.
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Successful transition to civilian employment is a challenge for veterans. The purpose of this single case study was to explore critical aspects of hiring managers' decision-making process and to understand how these strategies and techniques affect the hiring of veterans. Tajfel and Turner's social identity theory and Lewin's organizational change model formed the conceptual framework for the study. The participants for this study were 8 hiring managers from a midsized company in the Upper Hudson Valley Region, New York. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. The data were analyzed and coded and 4 themes emerged: strategies used to fill open positions, specific recruitment and interview protocols, veterans' skills from military training, and lack of experience with hiring veterans. The study results may contribute to veteran's awareness of the skills that employers are seeking that veterans may be able to fulfill. The results of the study could create an opportunity for hiring managers to recognize that veterans represent a trained, ready-made talent pool. The social impact of the study could help hiring managers identify and design the required job description criteria to include the transferable skills of veterans.
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Brings, Stanley Dean. "Competency-based assessment techniques : evaluating the effectiveness of community college contract training /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095237.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-157). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Sanders, Tom J. "Factors influencing the adoption of administrative innovations." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/sanders.pdf.
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Harris, Aundrea T. "The Effect of Mindfulness Techniques on Teacher Resilience as Moderated by Conscientiousness." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6835.
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Unmanaged stress in teachers often triggers burnout, which leads to a rise in healthcare costs and absenteeism. Therefore, teachers' resiliency needs improvement to lower the risk of burnout. The purpose of this cross-sectional design study was to examine the relationship between mindfulness techniques and resilience in high school teachers. An additional purpose of this study was to examine if the personality trait, conscientiousness, moderates the relationship between mindfulness techniques and resilience. The frameworks for this study were based on the self-awareness, -regulation, and -transcendence (S-ART) framework, theory of planned behavior, and the concepts of resilience and job burnout. Four surveys were used to gather data from 133 high school teachers to understand the relationship between mindfulness techniques and resilience as well as how conscientiousness moderates the relationship. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. This study found a significant relationship between mindfulness techniques and resilience in high school teachers. Additionally, this study found that conscientiousness does not significantly moderate the relationship between mindfulness techniques and resilience in high school teachers. The results of this study might be used to create a professional development tool for teachers to help them learn how to increase the quality of classroom interactions. The outcome may be a more positive social, academic environment for students as well as teachers, based on the encouraged use of mindfulness techniques.
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Siritanachot, Chansit. "The Impact of Interventional Change Techniques on an Internet Banking Cross-functional Team." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2532.
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This study investigates the team aspects of a process improvement project situated in an Internet banking system maintenance and modification phase. To investigate how team processes could be improved in this context, four interventional change techniques were introduced and implemented during an action research study in which the researcher was included as one of the team members and participated during group meetings and discussions. Internet banking is an important Internet-delivered service which is expected to provide benefits for both commercial banks and bank customers. Internet banking allows bank customers to have the freedom to perform their financial activities at their convenience. Developing, maintaining, and improving Internet banking systems requires large amounts of investment to maintain high levels of Internet banking service quality, and the maintenance and modification phase of the overall lifecycle cost is a considerable part of this investment. Therefore, in order to ensure high levels of usability, reliability, and quality for these Internet banking services, commercial banks need to make significant investments in the maintenance and modification phases of their Internet banking systems' lifecycle. The four interventional change techniques used in this study were: departmental participation, equal participation, holistic scenario, and management support. The four techniques were found to be influential in developing process improvements in the maintenance and modification phase of Internet banking systems. These techniques generated several significant improvements which directly affected the way team members managed their work. The significant contributions of these interventional change techniques were: the creation of cross-functional multilevel teams, development of effective departmental participation and communication techniques, extended scope and knowledge by the team members of Internet banking systems, an increase in team learning and understanding, techniques to change problem structure, and an end to end problem-solving approach. ii These contributions also directly improved the performance of the Internet banking systems maintenance team, and there was a significant improvement in the outcomes of the Internet banking systems maintenance and modification phase.
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Magilen, Dana Robin. "Millennial pre-camp staff training: Incorporating generational knowledge, learning strategies and compliance gaining techniques." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3273.
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A new generation, Millennial Generation, is currently staffing summer camp programs. Camp directors need to be aware of the differences in learning styles this generation prefers. The Millennial generation is the first to grow up with the instant accessibility of the Internet. This project was created based on suggestions from Camp Directors and ideas that have been developed from the study of this generation. A pre-camp video game training script has been created and tailored to the Millennial camp staff in order to encourage Millennials to learn and use the information needed to take proper care of campers.
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Padde, Paul. "An evaluation of the relationship between supervisory techniques and organizational outcomes among the supervisors in the agricultural extension service in the Eastern region districts of Uganda /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487844105974082.
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Afonina, Anna. "Uplatnění nástrojů a metod strategického řízení." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234420.
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Cílem disertace je ověřit existenci vztahu mezi využitím analytických nástrojů strategického řízení a výkonností podniků. Za tímto účelem bylo třeba nejdříve definovat množinu analytických nástrojů strategického řízení, které jsou v soudobé praxi našich firem nejčastěji používané a nalézt způsob, kterým lze hodnotit výkonnost podniků. K tomuto účelu byly připraveny dva výzkumy: výsledkem prvního bylo zjištění nejčastěji používaných analytických nástrojů strategického řízení a faktorů, které jejich využití ovlivňují, t.j. jejich znalost, spokojenost s nimi a velikost podniků. Výsledkem druhého výzkumu bylo navržení nového způsobu multikriteriálního hodnocení podnikového výkonu. Pomocí analýzy hlavních komponent (principal component analysis) byly definovány čtyři skupiny ukazatelů, které umožňují komplexní posouzení podnikového výkonu: ukazatele finanční výkonnosti, konkurenční pozice, orientace na zákazníky a organizační integrity. S použitím regresní analýzy (stepwise regression analysis) byl prokázán pozitivní vliv využití analytických nástrojů strategického řízení na výkonnost podniků.
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Chalmers, Rodney Eric. "The effects of verbal recognition on work performance and intrinsic motivation: Using behavior modification techniques." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2751.
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The effect of both public and private verbal recognition on intrinsic motivation and sales performance in fourteen restaurant waitstaff was evaluated using organizational behavior modification techniques. The hypothesis that public recognition would be more effective than private recognition in increasing intrinsic motivation and sales was not supported.
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Krystal, Kuhns R. "Organizational Principles in Two of George Crumb's Chamber Works with Flute: Madrigals, Book II and Federico's Little Songs for Children." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1309128280.
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Matos, Inês Alexandra dos Ramos Moreno Viegas. "Relatório de Estágio na Pierre Fabre Portugal, Lda." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1669.
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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais<br>O sucesso num ambiente competitivo de negócios, tal como hoje acontece, é uma possível consequência de uma, cada vez maior, administração eficaz dos Recursos Humanos. Estrutura, tecnologia, recursos financeiros e materiais são, apenas, aspectos físicos e ineficazes que precisam de ser aplicados de forma racional, através das pessoas que compõem a organização. Deste modo, o factor que, efectivamente, constitui a dinâmica das organizações são as pessoas. A Gestão de Recursos Humanos assume, assim, cada vez mais uma maior importância no desenvolvimento de uma cultura organizacional direccionada para a inovação e aprendizagem contínua (Chiavenato, 2004). Este trabalho é a etapa final de um longo percurso académico orientado para a obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências Empresariais. O seu objectivo consiste em explanar tudo o que pude aprender durante o meu estágio curricular na Pierre Fabre Portugal, Lda. No Capítulo I, será apresentada a componente teórica do trabalho, onde será explanada a evolução da função Recursos Humanos ao longo dos tempos, bem como a relação que pode existir entre a estratégia das organizações e a estratégia da Gestão de Recursos Humanos, de acordo com as características de cada organização. Por fim, serão descritas algumas das técnicas e práticas utilizadas na Gestão de Recursos Humanos. No Capítulo II, será abordada a componente prática, consequência da aprendizagem obtida em tempo de estágio, para que, finalmente, no Capítulo III, se desenvolvam conclusões, fruto do confronto do enquadramento teórico com a componente prática.<br>Nowadays, the success in a competitive business environment is probably due to the increasing Human Resources effective management. Structures, technologies, financial resources and materials are just physical and ineffective aspects that need to be used in a rational way by the people who make the organization. Therefore, the factor that truly makes up the dynamic of organizations is people. The administration of Human Resources is gradually becoming more important in the development of an organizational culture moving towards innovation and continuous learning (Chiavenato, 2004). This report is the final stage of a long academic path for the title of Master in Management Sciences. Its main purpose is to fully explain everything I learned during my internship at Pierre Fabre Portugal, Lda. Chapter One contains the theory of the evolution of Human Resources through history and the possible connection between the strategies of an organization and the ones in Human Resources Management according to the main characteristics of each organization. Lastly, there is a description of some of the techniques and procedures used in Human Resources Management. In turn, Chapter Two is an approach to the practical elements that were learned during the internship culminating in Chapter Three in the form of conclusions stemming from the comparison between the theoretical and the practical aspects.
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Laranjeiro, Rafael Abreu. "A gestão do risco no setor dos serviços marítimos : análise setorial." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11174.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial<br>A crescente tendência para a eficiência operacional tem levado muitas empresas a optar por mecanismos internos para melhor alcançar este fim, integrando a gestão do risco na tentativa de mitigar as consequências e/ou diminuir a probabilidade do risco, caso este ocorra. Porém, a literatura sugere uma falha, entre as funções da empresa, na forma de como estas lidam com o risco, não existindo uma visão e gestão global do mesmo.
Depois da revisão da literatura existente sobre esta temática, tornou-se importante compreender qual o grau de envolvência dos diversos departamentos no processo de gestão do risco, perceber todo o seu dinamismo e as técnicas e ferramentas mais utilizadas por forma a avaliar e, posteriormente, tomar as medidas de ação necessárias.
Na presente investigação, o método de recolha de informação eleito foi a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, direcionadas a quatro empresas prestadoras de serviços marítimos nos principais portos comerciais portugueses.
Esta dissertação permitiu perceber que os registos dos potenciais riscos são essenciais para a sua posterior apreciação, sendo que os principais responsáveis pelo bom funcionamento de todo o ciclo são os tripulantes, derivado ao seu conhecimento e experiência. As técnicas e ferramentas mais utilizadas pelas empresas ao longo de todo o processo de gestão do risco correspondem, em grande parte, às citadas pela literatura.
A investigação levada a cabo apresenta os resultados que, de alguma forma, contrariam a teoria quando esta afirma a existência de uma fragmentação das unidades funcionais na participação nesta temática.<br>The growing trend towards operational efficiency has led many companies to choose internal mechanisms to better achieve this end, integrating risk management in an attempt to mitigate the consequences and/or decrease the probability of the risk, if it occurs. However, according to the literature, there's a fail between the various functions of companies - an absence of a vision and comprehensive risk management.
After reviewing the literature on this topic, it became essential to understand the degree of involvement of the various departments in the process of risk management, perceive it's dynamism and the tools and techniques most commonly used in order to assess and subsequently take the necessary action measures.
In the present investigation, the chosen method of data collection were semi-structured interviews, directed to four companies providing towage services in major Portuguese trade ports.
This work allowed us to perceive that the records of potential risks are essential for its further consideration, and the main responsible for the proper functioning of the entire cycle are the crew, derived their knowledge and experience. The tools and techniques most used by companies throughout the process of risk management correspond, largely, to those cited by the authors.
The research carried out shows that the results somehow contradict the theory when it reveals the existence of a fragmentation on functional units in participation of this topic.
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Herrmann, Andrew F. "(Un)becoming Dasein: Heidegger’s Techné, and the Rhizomatic Dilemma of “Being” on the Internet." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/818.
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This roundtable discussion will examine the ways in which we talk about and examine media. Over the past year, the participants have used Facebook as the venue for a conversation about media that has engaged the very techniques that they seek to understand. While their positions vary, the participants in this roundtable welcome others to share in a common purpose: to find better ways to relate to, from, and about media.
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Gambi, Lillian do Nascimento. "A relação entre cultura organizacional e o uso de técnicas da qualidade e seu impacto no desempenho operacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-16062014-135954/.
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Muitas empresas têm adotado alguma iniciativa de gestão da qualidade para melhoria de seu desempenho. Entretanto, muitas dessas iniciativas nem sempre produzem os resultados pretendidos. Dentro desse contexto, a cultura organizacional tem se destacado como uma variável contextual que poderia explicar o sucesso, ou mesmo o fracasso, das iniciativas de gestão da qualidade. Dessa forma, esse estudo investiga a influência da cultura organizacional no uso das técnicas da qualidade e seu impacto no desempenho. Para isso, duas hipóteses foram consideradas 1) a cultura de uma organização influencia o conjunto de técnicas da qualidade que ela adota e, 2) a combinação entre o conjunto de técnicas da qualidade adotada por uma organização e sua cultura organizacional afeta o desempenho. Enquanto a maioria dos estudos anteriores considera a relação entre cultura, gestão da qualidade e desempenho no nível de práticas da qualidade, esse estudo estende essa discussão para o nível das técnicas. A partir de dados obtidos de 250 empresas no Brasil e Dinamarca, utilizou-se da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais para testar as hipóteses formuladas. Quatro grupos de técnicas da qualidade, quatro perfis de cultura organizacional definidos no Competing Values Framework, e diversos indicadores de desempenho foram considerados nesse estudo. Resultados mostram que certos perfis culturais estão mais relacionados ao uso de determinadas técnicas da qualidade que outras. Por exemplo, empresas com cultura de grupo orientada para colaboração e desenvolvimento de recursos humanos, tendem a usar técnicas de estabelecimento de metas e melhoria contínua, mas não técnicas associadas à medição. Em contrapartida, empresas que possuem características das culturas racional e hierárquica, que são orientadas para o controle e competição, tendem a usar mais as técnicas de medição do que aquelas culturas orientadas para colaboração e inovação. Além disso, os resultados também mostraram que as técnicas da qualidade contribuem para melhoria do desempenho desde que sustentadas por características culturais apropriadas. Esta pesquisa fornece contribuições práticas importantes para os gestores no sentido de que eles precisam estar cientes da necessidade de adotar técnicas da qualidade que sejam adequadas às características culturais de suas organizações para, com isso, obter melhores resultados a partir do uso dessas técnicas.<br>Most firms have adopted quality management initiatives to improve quality and other indicators of performance. However, quality management initiatives do not always produce the intended results. Organizational culture has been highlighted as one of the contextual variables that may explain the success or, for that matter, failure of quality management initiatives. Accordingly, this study investigates the influence of organizational culture on the use of quality techniques and its impact on performance. Therefore it hypothesizes that 1) a firm\'s culture affects the quality techniques it adopts, and 2) the quality techniques have a direct effect, and culture a direct and an indirect (i.e. through the quality techniques) effect, on firm operational performance. While most previous studies address the relationships between culture, quality management and performance at the level of quality practices, this study extends this discussion to the level of quality techniques to what should be its core, namely the influence of culture on the performance impact of quality techniques. Based on data collected from 250 firms in Brazil and Denmark, Structural Equation Modeling is used to test these hypotheses. Four quality technique groups, four cultural profiles adopted from the Competing Values Framework, and a wide range of performance indicators are used to operationalize the study. Findings show that culture does not appear to be an unequivocal predictor of the adoption of quality techniques. Furthermore, while the developmental and group cultures strengthen the performance effects of all four quality technique groups considered, the hierarchical culture does so for only one of these groups. In a rational culture the performance effects of all four groups are insignificant. As practical implication findings suggest that managers need to be actively aware of the cultural characteristics of their organization before adopting quality techniques, in order to benefit most from the use of these techniques.
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Santoriello, Anthony John. "Assessing Unique Core Values with the Competing Values Framework: The CCVI Technique for Guiding Organizational Culture Change." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2315.
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Extensive research suggests organizations have unique guiding principles, called core values, which play a central role in strategic decision making, sustaining high-performance cultures, and guiding organizational culture change. Although the Competing Values Framework (CVF) has been widely used to identify a standardized set of core values, it has not been used to identify unique core values at a given organizations. Unique core values help to distinguish organizations and drive market success.
The present research focused on development of a technique to extend the application of the CVF to identify the core values unique to a given organization. The CVF-based Core Values Identification Technique (CCVI) was developed and empirically tested at three companies. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews, review of documents, participant observation and the standard CVF-based Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI). The data analysis employed grounded theory methods in conjunction with the standard OCAI analysis.
The primary research result is the iteratively developed and empirically tested tool, the CCVI Technique. Secondary research results include the identification of unique core values at each of the three participating companies. Lessons learned and the rationale for making modifications to the technique based on the case studies, along with best practices for utilization and opportunities for informing organizational change efforts are discussed.
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Stará, Jana. "Kreativita, inovace a organizační kultura." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225256.
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This thesis focuses on defining concepts of creativity and innovation in business context. It analyzes methods which may lead to enhancement of creativity in order to increase value of business for customer as well as to develop the business itself. This work also includes real application of selected methods on management of cafe Dobra zastavka in Brno, Czech Republic.
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Garza-Meza, Laura Elizabeth. "Photography as a spiritual technique." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3558387.
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<p> The purpose of this study is to compare the spiritual benefits of practicing photography to the spiritual benefits of practicing prayer, meditation and yoga. Benefits noted were divided into the 4 dimensions of being human: physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual. The study considers Mexican leaders' perceptions of photography as a spiritual practice. A total of 105 Mexican leaders answered surveys. Of the 105 leaders, 14 were professors, 30 were entrepreneurs, 46 were business executives and 15 were students and homemakers (listed as "other") varying in ages from 21 to over 61. </p><p> The design of this study is descriptive, while the study was quantitative in nature. In preparation for the study, the researcher gathered qualitative information regarding the benefits observed as leaders practice photography. These descriptive answers were then used to create the quantitative surveys for the study. </p><p> The data demonstrated that photography can be considered a spiritual technique. First, the spiritual benefits shown from practicing photography mirror, to a large degree, the spiritual benefits reported for practicing prayer, meditation, and yoga. The literature also supports the reported similarities; however, participants do not consciously recognize these benefits. Second, the 4 dimensions of being human (physical, intellectual, emotional, and spiritual) are divided into 5 factors: (a) physical well-being and better decision-making, (b) optimism in life, (c) interrelation with the environment and intellectual development, (d) relaxing, and (e) spiritual growth.</p>
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Potel, Agathe. "Evolution du lien cadre-entreprise à travers les trentas : nature de l'échange et mode d'engagement." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020002.
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Actuellement les comportements décrits chez les nouvelles générations inquiètent les entreprises. Ces incompréhensions vont au-delà de difficultés de communication entre les générations : la révolution des NTIC, l’évolution du rapport au travail, à l’autorité, aux réseaux sociaux, à l’international sont autant de caractéristiques présentées comme spécifiques de la génération Y.Ce travail étudie l’engagement envers l’entreprise des cadres trentas considérés comme les aînés de la génération Y et les termes du contrat psychologique valorisés par cette population. A été mobilisé le double cadre théorique de l’échange social et du contrat psychologique d’une part, et de l’engagement organisationnel d’autre part.La démarche de recherche est qualitative de nature exploratoire. Une technique projective détournée, la« lettre à un ami » a été proposée pour cerner les dimensions émergentes, partagées et valorisées du rapport à l’entreprise. Cette lettre a été rédigée par 547 cadres français et étrangers de 30/32 ans de tous les métiers et secteurs d’une TGE française, dans le cadre privilégié d’une formation.Les résultats qualitatifs sont de trois ordres :− les cadres trentas manifestent une grande homogénéité de réponses indépendamment de leurs caractéristiques individuelles. Leurs principales préoccupations concernent le travail, la carrière et le réseau. L’analyse fine de leurs représentations permet de les considérer comme représentatifs des aînés des Y ;− leur engagement vis-à-vis de l’entreprise est lié à la perception d’un échange satisfaisant et réciproque. Les termes de l’échange concernent ce qu’offre l’entreprise et ce qu’elle attend d’eux ;− l’identification des termes de l’échange permet de préciser comment l’entreprise et le management peuvent évoluer pour rencontrer leurs attentes et favoriser leur engagement vis-à-vis de l’entreprise.En conclusion, des recommandations aux entreprises sont proposées en matière de gestion des générations montantes<br>At present, companies are worried about the demonstrated behaviors of the new generation. Their lack ofunderstanding goes beyond problems of communication between the generations: it now includes the ITrevolution, the evolution of individuals’ relationships with their work, authority issues, social networks andglobalization are characteristics presented as specific to generation Y.The purpose of this work is to study the commitment of thirty-year-old executives, considered as the elders ofgeneration Y, towards their companies, and to enlighten the terms of the psychological contract developed bythis population. The double theoretical frame of the social exchange and the psychological contract has beenutilized on one hand, and the organizational commitment on the other hand.This research is a qualitative one with an exploratory nature. A diverted projective technique, the "letter to afriend", has been used to define the emergent, shared and enhanced dimensions of the relationship with thecompany. This letter has been written by 547 French and foreign executives approximately around 30-32years old, from any kind of job or area of a large French company, within the dedicated frame of training.The qualitative results are of the following three natures:− The thirty-year-old executives show a distinct homogeneity in their answers independent of their personalcharacteristics. Their main concerns are about work, career and network. Through, he detailed analysis oftheir composition, they can be considered as representative of the elders of generation Y;− Their commitment towards the company is bound to the perception of a satisfying and mutual exchange. Theterms of the exchange concern what the company offers and expects from them;− The identification of the terms of the exchange helps to specify how the company and the management canevolve to meet their expectations and encourage their commitment towards the company.As a conclusion, recommendations are made to HR and managers concerning the new generation
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Ould, Mohamed Lemine Sidi. "L'analyse du développement de l'agriculture en Mauritanie." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661010.
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La Mauritanie est caractérisée par un climat sec et chaud, Saharien au nord et sahélien au sud. Les vents au nord-est, sont fréquents et favorisent la progression de l'ensablement. La saison des pluies est très hétérogène sur le plan spatio-temporel. Une grande partie du pays reçoit moins de 300 mm / an. Au cours des trente dernières années, trois grandes sécheresses ont été enregistrées au cours desquelles les précipitations ont été inférieures à 35 à 70% de la moyenne. Les principales ressources agro-pastorales du pays sont: l'agriculture, les ressources en terres, l'élevage, les ressources en eau et la population rurale. Au niveau macroéconomique, le secteur rural, en dehors de la pêche artisanale, occupe environ 56% de la population et joue un rôle important dans l'économie nationale : il contribue à plus de 17,5% du PIB, soit environ 68 milliards d'ouguiyas en 2011. De nombreuses contraintes, défis et opportunités peuvent être identifiées:1)En termes de contraintes, on peut inclure: pluies insuffisantes et irrégulières et inondations, faible productivité de la production agricole et pastorale, exode rural. 2)En termes d'opportunités: décentralisation, situation géographique du pays, ressources foncières du pays, une classe d'entrepreneurs ayant des capacités financières et un bon réseau de communication. Cette thèse montre que la Mauritanie dispose d'un potentiel important qui est loin d'être pleinement exploité, en dépit d'importants investissements, notamment dans le secteur irrigué. Bien que les facteurs climatiques ont une responsabilité majeure dans la situation actuelle, cette thèse évalue le poids des aspects techniques, socio-économiques, structurelles, les facteurs organisationnels.
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Moreno, Serrano Rodrigo. "Robust perceptual organization techniques for analysis of color images." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5962.
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Esta tesis aborda el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas de análisis robusto de imágenes estrechamente relacionadas con el comportamiento del sistema visual humano. Uno de los pilares de la tesis es la votación tensorial, una técnica robusta que propaga y agrega información codificada en tensores mediante un proceso similar a la convolución. Su robustez y adaptabilidad han sido claves para su uso en esta tesis. Ambas propiedades han sido verificadas en tres nuevas aplicaciones de la votación tensorial: estimación de estructura, detección de bordes y segmentación de imágenes adquiridas mediante estereovisión.<br/><br/>El mayor problema de la votación tensorial es su elevado coste computacional. En esta línea, esta tesis propone dos nuevas implementaciones eficientes de la votación tensorial derivadas de un análisis en profundidad de esta técnica.<br/><br/>A pesar de su capacidad de adaptación, esta tesis muestra que la formulación original de la votación tensorial (a partir de aquí, votación tensorial clásica) no es adecuada para algunas aplicaciones, dado que las hipótesis en las que se basa no se ajustan a todas ellas. Esto ocurre particularmente en el filtrado de imágenes en color. Así, esta tesis muestra que, más que un método, la votación tensorial es una metodología en la que la codificación y el proceso de votación pueden ser adaptados específicamente para cada aplicación, manteniendo el espíritu de la votación tensorial.<br/><br/>En esta línea, esta tesis propone un marco unificado en el que se realiza a la vez el filtrado de imágenes y la detección robusta de bordes. Este marco de trabajo es una extensión de la votación tensorial clásica en la que el color y la probabilidad de encontrar un borde en cada píxel se codifican mediante tensores, y en el que el proceso de votación se basa en un conjunto de criterios perceptuales relacionados con el modo en que el sistema visual humano procesa información. Los avances recientes en la percepción del color han sido esenciales en el diseño de dicho proceso de votación.<br/><br/>Este nuevo enfoque ha sido efectivo, obteniendo excelentes resultados en ambas aplicaciones. En concreto, el nuevo método aplicado al filtrado de imágenes tiene un mejor rendimiento que los métodos del estado del arte para ruido real. Esto lo hace más adecuado para aplicaciones reales, donde los algoritmos de filtrado son imprescindibles. Además, el método aplicado a detección de bordes produce resultados más robustos que las técnicas del estado del arte y tiene un rendimiento competitivo con relación a la completitud, discriminabilidad, precisión y rechazo de falsas alarmas.<br/><br/>Además, esta tesis demuestra que este nuevo marco de trabajo puede combinarse con otras técnicas para resolver el problema de segmentación robusta de imágenes. Los tensores obtenidos mediante el nuevo método se utilizan para clasificar píxeles como probablemente homogéneos o no homogéneos. Ambos tipos de píxeles se segmentan a continuación por medio de una variante de un algoritmo eficiente de segmentación de imágenes basada en grafos. Los experimentos muestran que el algoritmo propuesto obtiene mejores resultados en tres de las cinco métricas de evaluación aplicadas en comparación con las técnicas del estado del arte, con un coste computacional competitivo.<br/><br/>La tesis también propone nuevas técnicas de evaluación en el ámbito del procesamiento de imágenes. En concreto, se proponen dos métricas de filtrado de imágenes con el fin de medir el grado en que un método es capaz de preservar los bordes y evitar la introducción de defectos. Asimismo, se propone una nueva metodología para la evaluación de detectores de bordes que evita posibles sesgos introducidos por el post-procesado. Esta metodología se basa en cinco métricas para estimar completitud, discriminabilidad, precisión, rechazo de falsas alarmas y robustez. Por último, se proponen dos nuevas métricas no paramétricas para estimar el grado de sobre e infrasegmentación producido por los algoritmos de segmentación de imágenes.<br>This thesis focuses on the development of new robust image analysis techniques more closely related to the way the human visual system behaves. One of the pillars of the thesis is the so called tensor voting technique. This is a robust perceptual organization technique that propagates and aggregates information encoded by means of tensors through a convolution like process. Its robustness and adaptability have been one of the key points for using tensor voting in this thesis. These two properties are verified in the thesis by applying tensor voting to three applications where it had not been applied so far: image structure estimation, edge detection and image segmentation of images acquired through stereo vision.<br/><br/>The most important drawback of tensor voting is that its usual implementations are highly time consuming. In this line, this thesis proposes two new efficient implementations of tensor voting, both derived from an in depth analysis of this technique.<br/><br/>Despite its adaptability, this thesis shows that the original formulation of tensor voting (hereafter, classical tensor voting) is not adequate for some applications, since the hypotheses from which it is based are not suitable for all applications. This is particularly certain for color image denoising. Thus, this thesis shows that, more than a method, tensor voting can be thought of as a methodology in which the encoding and voting process can be tailored for every specific application, while maintaining the tensor voting spirit.<br/><br/>By following this reasoning, this thesis proposes a unified framework for both image denoising and robust edge detection.<br/>This framework is an extension of the classical tensor voting in which both color and edginess the likelihood of finding an edge at every pixel of the image are encoded through tensors, and where the voting process takes into account a set of plausible perceptual criteria related to the way the human visual system processes visual information. Recent advances in the perception of color have been essential for designing such a voting process.<br/><br/>This new approach has been found effective, since it yields excellent results for both applications. In particular, the new method applied to image denoising has a better performance than other state of the art methods for real noise. This makes it more adequate for real applications, in which an image denoiser is indeed required. In addition, the method applied to edge detection yields more robust results than the state of the art techniques and has a competitive performance in recall, discriminability, precision, and false alarm rejection.<br/><br/>Moreover, this thesis shows how the results of this new framework can be combined with other techniques to tackle the problem of robust color image segmentation. The tensors obtained by applying the new framework are utilized to classify pixels into likely homogeneous and likely inhomogeneous. Those pixels are then sequentially segmented through a variation of an efficient graph based image segmentation algorithm. Experiments show that the proposed segmentation algorithm yields better scores in three of the five applied evaluation metrics when compared to the state of the art techniques with a competitive computational cost.<br/><br/>This thesis also proposes new evaluation techniques in the scope of image processing. First, two new metrics are proposed in the field of image denoising: one to measure how an algorithm is able to preserve edges, and the second to measure how a method is able not to introduce undesirable artifacts. Second, a new methodology for assessing edge detectors that avoids possible bias introduced by post processing is proposed. It consists of five new metrics for assessing recall, discriminability, precision, false alarm rejection and robustness. Finally, two new non parametric metrics are proposed for estimating the degree of over and undersegmentation yielded by image segmentation algorithms.
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Sewdass, Nisha. "The implementation of Competitive Intelligence tools and techniques in Public Service departments in South Africa to improve service delivery a case study of the Department of Home Affairs /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09272009-154654/.
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SOUZA, LETÍCIA CARVALHO DE. "MUST INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY BE DEFENDED?: BORDERING TECHNIQUES AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27848@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>PROGRAMA DE DOUTORADO SANDUÍCHE NO EXTERIOR<br>A tese investiga a participação de organizações internacionais em processos de (re)construção de estados, com ênfase no trabalho realizado pela Liga das Nações e pela Organização das Nações Unidas no período entre 1919 e 2009. O objetivo é discutir a institucionalização e a transformação dos processos de (re)construção ao longo do tempo; e reinterpretá-los como um conjunto de técnicas de governo relacionadas à preservação e à promoção de versões bastante específicas sobre as possibilidades de ordem no sistema internacional e a constante (re)produção de suas fronteiras.<br>The thesis investigates the involvement of international organizations in states reconstruction processes, emphasizing the role played by the League of Nations and the United Nations in the period between 1919 and 2009. The aim is to discuss the institutionalization and the transformation of (re)construction processes over time; and reinterpret them as a set of techniques of government related to the preservation and promotion of specific versions of order in the international system and the constant (re)production of its borders.
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Fell, Harrison G. "Essays in empirical industrial organization using time series techniques : applications in natural resource markets /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7376.
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Wilson, Susan E. "Perceptual organization and symmetry in visual object recognition." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29802.
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A system has been implemented which is able to detect symmetrical groupings in edge images. The initial stages of the algorithm consist of edge detection, curve smoothing, and the extension of the perceptual grouping phase of the SCERPO [Low87] vision system to enable detection of instances of endpoint proximity and curvilinearity among curved segments. The symmetry
detection stage begins by first locating points along object boundaries which are significant in terms of curvature. These key points are then tested against each other in order to detect locally symmetric pairs. An iterative grouping procedure is then applied which matches these pairs together using a more global definition of symmetry. The end result of this process is a set of pairs of key points along the boundary of an object which are bilaterally symmetric, along with the axis of symmetry for the object or sub-object. This paper describes the implementation of this system and presents several examples of the results obtained using real images. The output of the system is intended for use as indexing features in a model-based object recognition system, such as SCERPO, which requires as input a set of spatial correspondences
between image features and model features.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Computer Science, Department of<br>Graduate
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Tabaee, Farnaz. "Effects of improvisation techniques in leadership development." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3562861.
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<p> Studies show that improvisation in leadership decision making is on the rise, and it transpires in organizations 75-90% of the time, yet very little research has explored this skillset. No other leadership skillset that is applied two thirds of the time has ever been so underdeveloped. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a pilot workshop applying a Holistic Improvisational Leadership Model as developed by the researcher and based on the latest improvisation research. The study employed a mixed methods design to gather qualitative and quantitative data for a descriptive evaluation of the pilot training workshop. Nonproportional quota sampling and triangulation were used to maximize cross verification and validity of the data. This study explored the skills leaders acquired and applied during, immediately after, 1 month after the workshop, and in 3 months. The study was pilot-tested on 6 different groups and a total of 67 leaders from various regions, industries and organizations. </p><p> Primary findings revealed that participants gained the highest benefits in working with others and their ability to lead. Executive and educational leaders gained the awareness that 79% of their decisions at work were made spontaneously as opposed to 71% for all leaders. 100% of executives and senior leaders indicated acquiring more effective listening skills. Moreover, the concept of competent risks and celebrating failure appeared to have the most transformational impact on the participants' sense of self, willingness to take risks, and acquire new skills. The workshop seemed to bring participants' stress level down to an optimal level and enhance mindfulness. Ultimately, it was concluded the study's workshop was most effective as a continuous 3.5 hours. </p><p> Learning to improvise experientially includes a process of unlearning old routines of decision making and re-learning more effective skills. Hence, the researcher recommends follow-up learning sessions to complete the cycle of learning. Utilizing grounded theory, the findings from the study led to the revision of Tabaee's Holistic Improvisational Leadership Model. The researcher recommends following the model by teaching the competencies not only to leaders but to all employees for achieving OPTIMAL strategy and performance for the organization.</p>
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Nimtrakoon, Sirinuch. "Organization strategy, management techniques and management accounting practices : contingency research in Thailand." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2381.
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There have been the recent calls for additional research in order to enhance the understanding of potential contingency factors which explain the adoption of management accounting practices (MAPs). This, allied to a lack of knowledge in relation to current use of MAPs, especially in developing countries, is the motivation for this research. Thus, this research attempts to explore the adoption and perceived benefit of MAPs as well as to examine their relationships with contingency factors affecting organizational performance in a developing country, Thailand. Two potential contingency factors are adopted for this research including a comprehensive set of strategic typologies and management techniques (MTs). Three forms of contingency fit, selection, interaction, and systems approaches, have been adopted in order to develop research questions and hypotheses.A triangulation approach combining a survey and interviews is used in this research. The questionnaire was delivered to 'accounting managers' of 451 companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET). There were 135 returned and usable responses, resulting in 29.9 percent response rate. Semi-structured interviews of seven companies provide qualitative findings, which are in line with, but explain further, those from the survey.The findings confirm the popularity of the use of, and high perceived benefit from, traditional MAPs and reveal disappointing adoption rates of, and relatively low perceived benefit from, contemporary MAPs. There are some alignments between MAPs and strategic typologies and between MTs and strategic typologies. However, only a few moderation effects are detected. In line with expectations, the companies under differentiation/ prospector/ entrepreneurial/ build strategies tend to have higher organizational performance when they obtain higher benefit from contemporary MAPs and MTs concerning quality, employee empowerment, customization and flexibility. It was also found that the companies pursuing cost leadership/ defender/ conservative/ harvest strategies tend to have higher performance when they obtain higher benefit from traditional MAPs and MTs relating to cost reduction processes.This study adds to the limited body of knowledge of MA in Asian countries, in particular Thailand. It represents a comprehensive survey and explanation of MAPs in Thailand. It is anticipated that this research will make academics and practitioners aware of the capability of alternative MAPs combined with the right match of MTs to improve firms' efficiency and effectiveness as well as its fit with the strategies. It is also expected that the findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the nature of MAPs, and assist the academics and practitioners in improving management accounting rules and practices in Thailand.
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Videira, Rogerio Luiz da Rocha. "Acurácia diagnóstica, análise da decisão e heurísticas relacionadas à decisão clínica intuitiva de usar antagonista de bloqueador neuromuscular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-01022011-165044/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A curarização residual está associada a maior risco de morte após anestesia. Erros diagnósticos após o uso de bloqueador neuromuscular (BNM) estão relacionados com prevalência de 65-88% de curarização residual pré-extubação traqueal (CRPE). Esse estudo analisou a decisão clínica intuitiva de usar antagonista de BNM antes da extubação traqueal. MÉTODOS: Após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, a decisão clínica dos anestesiologistas da nossa instituição foi auditada em 150 pacientes. A participação foi voluntária e anônima. As decisões, como se fossem resultados de um teste diagnóstico, foram comparadas à aceleromiografia, com TOF < 0,9 definido como CRPE. Uma árvore de decisão foi estruturada para comparar as diferentes estratégias e uma pesquisa sequencial (Delphi), realizada entre 108 anestesiologistas, extraiu as heurísticas (regras simplificadoras) mais usadas. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de CRPE foi de 77%. A intuição clínica apresentou sensibilidade de 0,35 (0,23-0,49) e especificidade de 0,80 (0,54- 0,94) para CRPE (P= 0,0001). Em uma escala de 0-10 a utilidade esperada da intuição foi menor do que sempre antagonizar (4,1 + 4,4 vs. 8,4 + 3,0, P< 0,05). As heurísticas mais proeminentes foram O intervalo desde a última dose de BNM foi curto e O padrão respiratório está inadequado, citadas por 73% e 71% dos anestesiologistas, respectivamente. Uma hora após dose única de atracúrio comparada ao rocurônio, 69,3% vs. 47,1% (P= 0,0035) dos anestesiologistas não usam antagonista antes da extubação traqueal. Os anestesiologistas têm a percepção de que a prevalência de curarização residual clinicamente significativa é maior na prática dos seus colegas do que na sua própria prática clínica (razão de chances 7,8 (3,8-16,2) P< 0,0001). CONCLUSÕES: A intuição clínica não deve ser usada para descartar a presença de curarização residual. Sempre usar o antagonista é uma estratégia melhor do que usar a intuição clínica para decidir. Os anestesiologistas tomam a decisão intuitiva baseados em uma previsão da duração dos efeitos do BNM e no julgamento qualitativo da adequação do padrão respiratório do paciente. Eles se consideram mais capacitados para evitar a curarização residual do que os colegas. Demonstram confiança excessiva na própria capacidade de prever a duração de ação do BNM e de descartar intuitivamente a presença de CRPE<br>BACKGROUND: Residual curarization is associated with a higher risk of death after anesthesia. Diagnostic errors after the use of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) are related to 65-88% prevalence of preextubation residual curarization (PERC). This study analyzed the clinical intuitive decision of antagonizing NMBA before tracheal extubation. METHODS: After IRB approval, this clinical decision was audited in 150 patients. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Decisions, as if a diagnostic test, were compared to acceleromyography, with TOF<0.9 defined as PERC. A decision tree was structured to compare different decision strategies. A sequential survey (Delphi) was conducted among 108 anaesthesiologists to elicit the most frequently used heuristics (rules of thumb). RESULTS: PERC prevalence was 77%. Clinical intuition presented sensitivity of 0.35 (0.23-0.49) and specificity of 0.80 (0.54-0.94) (P=0.0001). In a 0-10 rating scale, expected utility of intuition was lower than always antagonize all patients (4.1 + 4.4 vs. 8.4 + 3.0, P<0.05). The most salient heuristics were Short interval since the last NMBA dose and Breathing pattern is inadequate stated by 73% and 71% of the anesthesiologists, respectively. One hour after a single dose of atracurium compared with rocuronium, 69.3% vs. 47.1% (P= 0.0035) of the anesthesiologists do not use antagonist before tracheal extubation. They perceive that prevalence of clinically significant residual curarization is higher in their colleagues practice than in their own clinical practice (odds ratio 7.8 (3.8- 16.2), P< 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical intuition should not be used to rule out residual curarization. Routine antagonism is a better strategy than the use of clinical intuition to make this decision. Clinicians make this intuitive decision based on a forecast of the duration of the effects of NMBA and on a qualitative judgement about the adequacy of the patients breathing pattern. They consider themselves more capable of avoiding residual curarization than their colleagues. They are overconfident in their own capacity to predict NMBA duration and intuitively rule PERC out
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Jeffers, Robert Fredric. "Techniques for Wide-Area State Estimation in Power Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31423.
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Because of a move from Independent System Operators (ISOs) to Regional Transmission Operators (RTOs), a need for real-time wide-area system monitoring has arisen. The state estimator (SE) is the tool currently used in power systems for real-time monitoring. Because current SE techniques become operationally expensive on such large systems, it is beneficial to consider alternate methods for wide-area state estimation (WASE). In particular, hierarchal methods for WASE become beneficial for large systems because of their speed of operation and relatively low data volume. This study tests four hierarchal WASE methods - two taken from literature, and two developed by the author â and compares them with the use of an integrated wide-area estimator. Additionally, because of their accurate and readily available measurement capability, the inclusion of phasor measurement unit (PMU) data in the WASE methods is examined. For the purpose of realistically integrating an RTO WASE with current ISOs, the methods are constrained so that they do not require sensitive data, nor do they alter the operation of the ISOs SE in any way. The methods are tested for speed of operation, global and local accuracy, and robustness under bad data and data loss.<br>Master of Science
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McGowan, James (James John). "Harmonic Organization in Aaron Copland's Piano Quartet." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278850/.
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Ottah, Kan. "Nontraditional Leadership Development Techniques of Nonprofit Aspiring Executives| An Exploratory-Interpretive Case Study." Thesis, Capella University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10821878.
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<p> Leadership transition literature indicated that nonprofit sector current leaders lack understanding of proper ways to make use of relevant management leadership techniques to develop new leaders. New leaders replacing retiring organizational leaders lacked managerial experience and training needed to lead employees and manage organizational resources. The purpose of this study was to explore, understand, and interpret leadership supportive systems techniques that characterize “Plan A,” vision used for professional development of aspiring nonprofit executives for capacity building of critical leadership skills and management of networking functions toward organizational sustainability. The conceptual framework of this study focused on supportive systems leadership development theory, nontraditional leadership development theory, and “Plan A” leadership development theory. The study adopted qualitative exploratory-interpretive case study to generate research data through surveys, document analyses, interviews, and focus group discussions for research questions 1 and 2. Data generated were analyzed using embedded thematic data analysis strategy and qualitative NVivo 11 software. The major integrated themes that emerged characterizing the unique features of “Plan A” vision of nontraditional leadership development techniques were: (a) vision and leadership empowerment, (b) performance and feedback, (c) efficiency and conflict management, and (d) effective communication between leaders and aspiring executives in the workplace. The study contributed to nonprofit leadership transition by interpreting and providing in-depth understanding of leadership development roles that involved leadership development persuasion, collaboration, consultation, and encouragement for aspiring executives to seek leadership roles within the nonprofit management team. </p><p>
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Strauss, Ilse. "Typically developing 4-year-old children with AAC systems using different language organization techniques." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08042008-174658.
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De, la Garza Bernardo. "Creating lexical models: do foreign language learning techniques affect lexical organization in fluent bilinguals?" Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14127.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Psychology<br>Richard J. Harris<br>The use of different language learning methods for the purposes of acquiring foreign language vocabulary has long been explored but studies have often failed to take into account the potential effects on lexical processing. The current study examined the effectiveness of the Keyword, Context and Paired-Associate learning methods in acquiring foreign language vocabulary, but primarily focusing on the lexical and conceptual organization effects that each method may have on a foreign language learner. Three main theories/models (i.e., Word Association, Concept Mediated and Revised Asymmetrical Hierarchical) have been used to explain the organization of bilingual lexical, conceptual stores and connections between each store, but studies have not examined the addition of a third language (i.e., L3) and the potential connections created between new L3 and the two existing language stores. It was predicted that since low-proficiency bilinguals would create lexical models which heavily rely on translation equivalents, thus, the use of non-elaborative learning methods would assist in creating only lexical translation links, while more sophisticated elaborative methods would be successful in creating direct access to the conceptual meaning. The current study further explored the potential effects of language learning methods on comprehension ability, requiring the creation of situation models for comprehension. Finally, the present study explored the immediate and delayed effects of language learning methods on both vocabulary acquisition and comprehension ability. Results from the current study indicated that all learning methods were successful in creating and conceptual connections between the languages and the conceptual store, while Keyword learners had significantly better scores on certain trial types. Differences in terms in lexical and conceptual strength are suggested since differences in RTs and scores were found between some of the learning methods. Furthermore, in terms of comparisons across time, repeated testing learners attained better scores on all trial types in comparison to learners who were only tested at Time 2. Lastly, when assessing if lexical links could be created to a non-associated highly fluent second language known by the bilingual, results indicated that each language learning method successfully created such lexical connections, but these links were weaker in strength than those of the base language that was used during learning. Based on the current results, new models of lexical access are proposed which vary based on the use of language learning methods. The current findings also have strong implications and applications to the field of foreign language acquisition, primarily for bilingual language learners acquiring an L3.
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Barbosa, José. "Use of bio-inspired techniques to solve complex engineering problems: industrial automation case study." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/2852.
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Nowadays local markets have disappeared and the world lives in a global economy. Due to this reality, every company virtually competes with all others companies in the world. In addition to this, markets constantly search products with higher quality at lower costs, with high customization. Also, products tend to have a shorter period of life, making the demanding more intense. With this scenario, companies, to remain competitive, must constantly adapt themselves to the market changes, i.e., companies must exhibit a great degree of self-organization and self-adaptation.
Biology with the millions of years of evolution may offer inspiration to develop new algorithms, methods and techniques to solve real complex problems. As an example, the behaviour of ants and bees, have inspired researchers in the pursuit of solutions to solve complex and evolvable engineering problems.
This dissertation has the goal of explore the world of bio-inspired engineering. This is done by studying some of the bio-inspired solutions and searching for bio-inspired solutions to solve the daily problems. A more deep focus will be made to the engineering problems and particularly to the manufacturing domain.
Multi-agent systems is a concept aligned with the bio-inspired principles offering a new approach to develop solutions that exhibit robustness, flexibility, responsiveness and re-configurability. In such distributed bio-inspired systems, the behaviour of each entity follows simple few rules, but the overall emergent behaviour is very complex to understand and to demonstrate. Therefore, the design and simulation of distributed agent-based solutions, and particularly those exhibiting self-organizing, are usually a hard task. Agent Based Modelling (ABM) tools simplifies this task by providing an environment for programming, modelling and simulating agent-based solutions, aiming to test and compare alternative model configurations. A deeply analysis of the existing ABM tools was also performed aiming to select the platform to be used in this work.
Aiming to demonstrate the benefits of bio-inspired techniques for the industrial automation domain, a production system was used as case study for the development of a self-organizing agent-based system developed using the NetLogo tool. Hoje em dia os mercados locais desapareceram e o mundo vive numa economia global. Devido a esta realidade, cada companhia compete, virtualmente, com todas as outras companhias do mundo. A acrescentar a isto, os mercados estão constantemente à procura de produtos com maior qualidade a preços mais baixos e com um grande nível de customização Também, os produtos tendem a ter um tempo curto de vida, fazendo com que a procura seja mais intensa. Com este cenário, as companhias, para permanecer competitivas, têm que se adaptar constantemente de acordo com as mudanças de mercado, i.e., as companhias têm que exibir um alto grau de auto-organização e auto-adaptação.
A biologia com os milhões de anos de evolução, pode oferecer inspiração para desenvolver novos algoritmos, métodos e técnicas para resolver problemas complexos reais. Como por exemplo, o comportamento das formigas e das abelhas inspiraram investigadores na descoberta de soluções para resolver problemas complexos e evolutivos de engenharia.
Esta dissertação tem como objectivo explorar o mundo da engenharia bio-inspirada. Isto é feito através do estudo de algumas das soluções bio-inspiradas existentes e da procura de soluções bio-inspiradas para resolver os problemas do dia-a-dia. Uma atenção especial vai ser dada aos problemas de engenharia e particularmente aos problemas do domínio da manufactura.
Os sistemas multi-agentes são um conceito que estão em linha com os princípios bio-inspirados oferecendo uma abordagem nova para desenvolver soluções que exibam robustez, flexibilidade, rapidez de resposta e reconfiguração. Nestes sistemas distribuídos bio-inspirados, o comportamento de cada entidade segue um pequeno conjunto de regras simples, mas o comportamento emergente global é muito complexo de perceber e de demonstrar. Por isso, o desenho e simulação de soluções distribuídas de agentes, e particularmente aqueles que exibem auto-organização, são normalmente uma tarefa árdua. As ferramentas de Modelação Baseada de Agentes (MBA) simplificam esta tarefa providenciando um ambiente para programar, modelar e simular, com o objectivo de testar e comparar diferentes configurações do modelo. Uma análise mais aprofundada das ferramentas MBA foi também efectuada tendo como objectivo seleccionar a plataforma a usar neste trabalho.
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Barkouli, Al. "Organizational Leaders’ Experience with Fear-Related Emotions: A Critical Incident Study." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1432137751.
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Gerber, Mariana. "The development of a technique to establish the security requirements of an organization." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/89.
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To perform their business activities effectively, organizations rely heavily on the use of information (ISO/IEC TR 13335-2, 1996, p 1). Owens (1998) reiterates this by claiming that all organizations depend on information for their everyday operation and without it business will fail to operate (Owens, 1998, p 1-2). For an organization it means that if the right information is not available at the right time, it can make the difference between profit and loss or success and failure (Royds, 2000, p 2). Information is an asset and just like other important business assets within the organization, it has extreme value to an organization (BS 7799-1, 1999, p 1; Humphreys, Moses & Plate, 1998, p 8). For this reason it has become very important that business information is sufficiently protected. There are many different ways in which information can exist. Information can be printed or written on paper, stored electronically, transmitted electronically or by post, even spoken in conversation or any other way in which knowledge and ideas can be conveyed (URN 99/703, 1999, p. 2; Humphreys, Moses & Plate, 1998, p 8; URN 96/702, 1996, p 3).It is, therefore, critical to protect information, and to ensure that the security of IT (Information Technology) systems within organizations is properly managed. This requirement to protect information is even more important today, since many organizations are internally and externally connected by networks of IT systems (ISO/IEC TR 13335-2, 1996, p 1). Information security is therefore required to assist in the process of controlling and securing of information from accidental or malicious changes, deletions or unauthorized disclosure (Royds, 2000, p 2; URN 96/702, 1996, p 3). By preventing and minimizing the impact of security incidents, information security can ensure business continuity and reduce business damage (Owens, 1998, p 7). Information security in an organization can be regarded as a management opportunity and should become an integral part of the whole management activity of the organization. Obtaining commitment from management is therefore extremely important for effective information security. One way in which management can show their commitment to ensuring information security, is to adopt and enforce a security policy. A security policy ensures that people understand exactly what important role they play in securing information assets.
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Gumí, Audenis Berta. "Structural organization of model membranes: a complementary approach combining atomic force microscopy and X-ray techniques." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/550973.
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Biological membranes (BMs) are self-sealing boundaries, which confine the permeability barriers of cells and organelles and provide the means to compartmentalize functions. Apart from being crucial for the cell structure, they provide a support matrix for all the proteins inserted in the cell, acting as channels to exchange mass, energy and information with the environment. BMs mediate several biological functions, such as trafficking, cell division, endocytosis and exocytosis, demanding strong conformational changes of the lipid membrane like fusion, fission or tubes growth. These mechanical requirements are only possible due to the organization of the chemical composition of the lipids into the membrane of each organelle, which is directly linked to the organelle function. Thanks to the dynamic behavior of the membrane, lateral and transverse forces within the membrane are significant and change rapidly as the membrane is bent or stretched, and as new constituents are added, removed or chemically modified. Differences in structure between the two leaflets and between different areas of the bilayer can be associate to membrane deformation to alter the activities of membrane binding proteins. It is then the correlation between the composition and the packing of the lipids what essentially governs the membrane physicochemical and mechanical properties.
Considering the complex chemical diversity of BMs, model bilayers systems are frequently used to study membrane properties and biological processes. Because of the micro and nanoscale range of domains in BMs, and the consequent need of local techniques to explore BMs at the nanometric level, supported bilayer systems are very manageable platforms, since they retain two-dimensional order and lateral mobility and offer excellent environments for the insertion of membrane proteins. In particular, supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) facilitate the use of surface analytical techniques, being ideal models to study the lipid lateral interactions, the growth of lipid domains, as well as interactions between the lipid membrane and proteins, peptides and drugs, cell signaling, etc.
Several reports demonstrate the wide variety of useful techniques to study supported and non-supported lipid membranes. Thanks to the possibility of working under controlled environment and with distance and force resolution at the nanoscale, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is nowadays a well-established technique for both imaging the morphology and probing the local physical and mechanical properties of SLBs by means of force spectroscopy. However, the resolution given by AFM might be inferior to the one achievable with X-ray (XR) and neutron techniques. In particular, XR techniques such as XR reflectivity (XRR) and grazing incidence XR diffraction (GIXD) are powerful tools to characterize surfaces below the nanoscale, providing structural information in the reciprocal space through the interaction between XR and the sample electronic structure. Still, since these techniques do not involve any mechanical interaction with the specimen, mechanical properties cannot be evaluated with XR.
The general objective of this thesis is to investigate the physicochemical and structural properties of model lipid membranes combining atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectroscopy (AFM-FS) and X-Ray techniques. The AFM provides the morphological and mechanical information of the SLBs, whereas the XR gives more understandings on the electronic structure of the bilayers. We also propose advanced methodologies based on AFM and XR as well as the coupling of both techniques for local in situ experiments. These technical progresses allow us to study not only the diversity on the chemical composition of the bilayers, but also the effect of small molecules or peptides to the membrane physical and structural properties. In addition, by means of AFM and AFM-FS we also characterize vesicular systems that are not composed by phospholipid molecules, which have a technological application: to act as nanocarriers for drug delivery.<br>Les membranes biològiques (BMs) són fronteres autosegellants, que limiten les barreres permeables de les cèl·lules i els orgànuls i proporcionen els mitjans necessaris per compartir funcions. A part de ser crucials per l’estructura cel·lular, proporcionen una matriu de suport per a totes les proteïnes que es troben inserides a la cèl·lula, actuant com canals per l’intercanvi de massa, energia i informació amb l’exterior. Les BMs intervenen en moltes funcions biològiques, com el tràfic, la divisió cel·lular, l’endocitosi i l’exocitosi, que exigeixen canvis conformacionals durs en la membrana lipídica com la fusió, la fissió o el creixement de tubs. La correlació entre la composició i l’empaquetament dels lípid regeix les propietats fisicoquímiques de la membrana i la seva estructura mecànica
Considerant la complexa diversitat química de les BMs, sistemes de membranes model són utilitzats sovint per estudiar propietats de membrana. Degut a la heterogeneïtat de les BMs i la conseqüent necessitat de tècniques locals per a explorar BMs a escala nanomètrica, sistemes de bicapes suportades, com les bicapes de lípids suportades (SLBs), s’han proposat com models, ja que conserven l’ordre bidimensional i la mobilitat lateral, oferint ambients excel·lents per a la inserció de proteïnes de membrana.
Diversos informes demostren la gran varietat de tècniques útils per estudiar membranes lipídiques suportades i sense suport. Gràcies a la possibilitat de treballar sota un ambient controlat i amb una resolució nanomètrica en distància i força, la microscòpia de forces atòmiques (AFM) és, avui en dia, una tècnica ben establerta tant per a obtenir una imatge de la morfologia com per mesurar les propietats locals físiques i mecàniques de les SLBs mitjançant modes d’espectroscòpia de forces (AFM-FS). De totes formes, la resolució que s’obté amb l’AFM és inferior a la que es pot obtenir amb tècniques de raigs X (XR) i neutrons.
L’objectiu general d’aquesta tesis és investigar les propietats fisicoquímiques i estructurals de membranes lipídiques model combinant tècniques d’AFM, d’AFM-FS i de XR. També proposem metodologies avançades basades en AFM-FS i XR, així com l’acoblament de les dues tècniques per dur a terme experiments locals in situ. A més, amb AFM i AFM-FS també hem caracteritzat sistemes vesiculars que no contenen fosfolípids, els quals tenen una aplicació tecnològica: actuar com a nanotransportadors per al lliurament de fàrmacs.