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Journal articles on the topic 'Organized crime'
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1
Syroid, Т. "International criminal legal counteraction to transnational crimes." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, no. 77 (July 13, 2023): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2023.77.2.52.
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The article focuses on international legal acts in combating transnational crimes. In particular, the article emphasised the significance of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime of 2000 and the Protocols adopted in addition to it (the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children; the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air; and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts and Components and Ammunition). It is noted that the mentioned acts are of fundamental importance for the definition of the concept of transnational crime, types of transnational crimes, “organized criminal group” concept, which is essential for the qualification of illegal acts. In addition, attention is focused on the need to implement the provisions specified in the above acts into the national legislation of the states in fight against transnational crimes properly.
The acts adopted within international regional organizations are characterized, in particular, the main provisions of the acts of the Council of Europe (White Paper on transnational organized crime, Action Plan on combatting transnational organized crime) are revealed, which determine the priority of effectiveness in the fight against transnational crimes through criminal response.
The provisions of the EU acts in combating transnational organized crime in the specified area are given (Action Plan to combat organized crime of 1997, Joint Action 97/827/JHA, Council Decision 2004/919/EC on tackling vehicle crime with cross-border implications, Council Decisions 2006/616/EC and 2006/617/EC on the conclusion of the UN protocol against the smuggling of migrants (by land, sea and air), supplementing the UN convention against transnational organised crime, Council Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA on the fight against organised crime, Directive 2014/42/EU on the freezing and confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of crime in the European Union, Regulation (EU) 2019/452 establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the European Union, Priorities for the fight against serious and organised crime for 2022-2025), it is stated that the adopted acts are aimed both at countering transnational crime and at protecting vulnerable areas of the Union’s activity.
Attention is paid to the legal basis for combating transnational crime within ASEAN (the 1997 ASEAN Declaration on Transnational Crime, the 1999 ASEAN Action Plan to Combat Transnational Crime, the 2016 ASEAN Action Plan to Combat Transnational Crime (2016-2025). Relevant conclusions are made.
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Molchanov, D. M. "A Crime Organizer in the General Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Special Rules on Complicity of the Special Part." Actual Problems of Russian Law 16, no. 12 (November 22, 2021): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2021.133.12.118-133.
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A paper provides a comprehensive study of the role of the organizer in crimes without compulsory complicity and in crimes prohibited by special provisions on complicity of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Under the special rules on complicity in this work we understand two types of norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: 1) rules establishing responsibility for combining several persons into a criminal group — Art. 209, 210 and others; 2) establishing responsibility for instigators, organizers, accomplices and other accomplices directly in the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation — Art. 205.1, etc.). The paper considers the issues of distinguishing the role of the organizer from the role of the instigator to the commission of a crime and an accomplice in the commission of a crime. In judicial practice, errors are often encountered both in the form of excessive (when the instigator is recognized as the organizer) and in the form of insufficient qualifications (when the organizer is recognized only as an instigator or accomplice). Such a variant of over-qualification is also possible, when the organizer is recognized as both an accomplice and an instigator to committing a crime, although the role of the organizer should absorb these functions. The paper considers the issues of qualification of the actions of the organizer and other accomplices of the crime, when, in the process of directing the commission of the crime, the organizer changes the direction of the actions of the accomplices in comparison with the original plan of action. The Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in some decisions recommends not to take into account the role of the organizer when committing a crime as part of an organized group (to recognize him as a co-executor of the crime). In the educational literature, this is considered as a universal rule for qualifying crimes committed by an organized group. The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation does not provide grounds for such a qualification. In judicial practice, there is no uniformity on this issue. The role of the organizer in crimes without obligatory complicity distinguishes from the role of the organizer in organized groups and criminal communities (special rules on complicity) in that in the first situation the organizer is subject to responsibility only if preparations for a specific crime are started, and in the second situation, regardless of the crime preparation commencement, but from the moment the corresponding organized group or criminal community was created.
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Kushner, Harvey, and Howard Abadinsky. "Organized Crime." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-) 77, no. 2 (1986): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1143346.
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Harper, Dean, and Howard Abadinsky. "Organized Crime." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-) 81, no. 4 (1991): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1143740.
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Dellow, John A. "Organized Crime." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 60, no. 3 (July 1987): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x8706000303.
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Humphries, Mark. "Organized Crime." Classical Review 51, no. 2 (October 2001): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/51.2.349.
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Mullins, Sam, and James K. Wither. "Terrorism and Organized Crime." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 15, no. 3 (2016): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.15.3.06.
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Millard, George Henry, and Tim Hundleby. "Organized crime in Brazil." Journal of Money Laundering Control 18, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-11-2014-0045.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the origins and development of organized crime in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – The authors draw on their experience working in law enforcement for many years in Brazil. Findings – The paper outlines the major crimes committed by organized crime in Brazil and the structure of the main organization carrying them out. Research limitations/implications – The research concentrates on São Paolo and further research needs to be done. Originality/value – This is the first attempt to put the development of organized crime in Brazil into a historical and developmental context.
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Hagan, Frank E. "“Organized crime” and “organized crime”: Indeterminate problems of definition." Trends in Organized Crime 9, no. 4 (June 2006): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-006-1017-4.
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Akkoyun, Aişe Gül, and Muhammet Emir Çelik. "Transnational Organized Crime and the UN Convention." Frontiers in Law 1 (January 27, 2023): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2817-2302.2022.01.02.
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The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, as well as regional, national, and international collaboration to prevent and control transnational organized crime, are discussed in this paper. It investigates the transnational organized crime implementation mechanism and jurisdiction in light of international criminal law and the crimes and elements covered by the Convention. The paper recognizes that, as the importance of international criminal law in combating transnational organized crime grows, the ICC's approach to bringing transnational organized crime under its jurisdiction is gained importance. The main conclusion is that implementing the Convention's prevention and protection mechanism for transnational organized crime has been difficult; hence the ICC's jurisdiction would have an impact on the ground.
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Scheinost, Miroslav. "Trends in crime and organized crime in the Czech Republic." Crimen 1, no. 2 (2010): 270–84. https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen1002270s.
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According to the criminal statistics, the crime rate in Czech Republic increased during 1990s. This state was caused by different reasons including the transformation of economic system, low informal social control, new values in the society etc. Among some new forms of crime that emerged after or during transformation organised crime was very remarkable. Even though there were some domestic forms of organized crime, it was developed completely after the changes. Organized crime in the CR is consisted of small rather than huge and numerous organizations. The proportion of foreigners in aggregate organised crime in the CR is approximately one half. Measures against organized crime are mostly consisted of adoptions of necessary provisions in the penal and police law but also some criminological research have been conducted.
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Koroleva, Marina V. "Self-Determination of Organized Crime." Legal education and science 11 (November 19, 2020): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1190-2020-11-21-26.
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Purpose. To study the problem of self-determination of organized crime, which can influence the intensification of other types of crime. Methodology: it includes the following methods: historical and legal, comparative legal, analysis and forecasting. Conclusions. 1. Organized crime is determined by the interaction of many such negative phenomena and processes in various spheres of the functioning of society such as social, economic, political, legal and others. 2. Organized crime is the main corrupt person, involving a wide range of officials in corrupt relations, who then contribute to the preservation and development of organized criminal structures, help them evade taxes, acquire property, evade criminal liability for crimes committed, etc. Scientific and practical significance. The conclusions presented in the article are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of combating organized crime in general.
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Abdunabiyevich, Eshkobilov Sirojiddin. "CRIMINOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZED CRIME." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 04, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume04issue04-01.
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This article provides an overview of the concept of organized crime, its specific features, causes and conditions, current trends, and statistics. It also provides recommendations for the prevention and elimination of organized crime.
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KELMENDI, Magbule. "WHITE COLLAR CRIME AS ORGANIZED INSTITUTIONAL CRIME." International Journal of Legal Sciences-JUSTICIA 12, no. 21-22 (October 2, 2024): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.62792/ut.jus.v12.i21-22.p2759.
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The object of treatment in this paper is the problem of detection and treatment of corruption. There is no single definition for corruption and in this case it is limited to the corruption practices of white-collar crime, being a link to institutional organized crime, with confirmation of the suspicion of crime in the Prosecutor's Office - especially that of serious crimes which is the main pillar of the state in this right to enforce the law and fight the phenomenon, as well as the state courts. Its meaning is broad and cannot be defined only by accepting or giving a bribe to an official or buying it, as is often practiced. Corruption is often carried out by a highly organized group of people, which gives us elements of institutional organized crime. Since corruption, especially political corruption, is carried out by highly qualified and professional persons, this greatly complicates the operation of the law, detection, investigation, prosecution and judgment of authoritative persons, decision-makers, due to the great powers to hide the traces of corruption and especially the crime of money laundering, being a serious consequence and with great material and moral damage for the citizens of a state. Due to the problems leading to the discovery and proof of this crime and due to the way it is committed, the secret nature, corruption is part of the crimes where the rate of proof is extremely low or even definitely impossible. The work is mainly elaborated on the problems encountered not only by the agencies, the bodies that have a mandate to prevent and fight this negative phenomenon in our society, but also the media and especially the citizens who are involved in harm from authoritative persons and state institutions. A major problem where the citizen there is no address for orientation and when the organized Institutional group usurps the State Institutions and in some form is created as a Mafia group.
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Racoveanu, Cornel. "Artificial Intelligence – a Double-Edged Sword. Organized Crime`s AI vs Law Enforcement`s AI." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 507–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2024-0044.
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Abstract Organized crime has acquired new values in the context of the geopolitical, social and economic transformations that the states are currently facing, expanding their ramifications at the international level. Conflicts often create opportunities that lead to the increasing of the organized crime, amplifying the threat that criminal groups can pose to domestic security. The heightened dynamics of the international security environment and, in particular, the instability with the potential for contagion manifested in the Eastern neighborhood and in the Middle East, potentiates the risks posed by organized crime. With the increase in technological development, especially based on Artificial Intelligence, organized crime has become one of the world’s most pressing issues, with a large number of countries having been affected. This research deals with the role of digital technologies implemented through cyberspace in prevention, detecting and combating organized crime. In addition, the research found that the rate of illegal activity has increased due to the global accessibility that the Internet has provided, especially AI, posing great risks to the public and increasing the rate of organised crimes. Combating organized crime has become an important political priority for many governments around the world, and any future success in eliminating criminal groups in its various forms will depend on the extent to which governments and relevant organizations are prepared to develop digital technologies based on artificial intelligence and use them to combat and prevent illegal activity.
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BEARE, MARGARET E., and FREDERICK T. MARTENS. "Policing Organized Crime." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 14, no. 4 (November 1998): 398–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986298014004006.
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Hobbs, Dick. "Organized Crime Families." Criminal Justice Matters 50, no. 1 (December 2002): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09627250208553415.
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Lombardo, Robert M. "Fighting Organized Crime." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 29, no. 2 (April 25, 2013): 296–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986213485635.
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Jansen, Frederik E., and Gerben J. N. Bruinsma. "Policing organized crime." European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 5, no. 4 (December 1997): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02677664.
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Webster, William H. "Russian organized crime." Trends in Organized Crime 3, no. 3 (March 1998): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12117-998-1087-6.
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Korsell, Lars. "Regulating Organized Crime." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 679, no. 1 (August 20, 2018): 158–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716218782654.
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A significant percentage of organized crime exploits regulated markets by offering services and goods without complying with relevant regulations. This may include offers of “tax-free” goods such as tobacco and alcohol, or unreported employment. Although regulatory schemes may in this way create opportunities for organized crime, situational crime prevention can also be built into, or established ancillary to, regulations. This article discusses the significant opportunities for crime prevention in regulatory schemes by using situational crime prevention as an analytical tool. I show how incorporating crime prevention rules into legislation—a step customarily known as “crime proofing”—combats organized crime by using administrative measures.
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Godson, Roy, and William J. Olson. "International organized crime." Society 32, no. 2 (January 1995): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02693289.
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Shiyab, Tayil Mahmoud, Mohammad Amin Alkrisheh, and Alaa Y. Darawsheh. "Corporate governance and organized crimes: Comparative analytical study of the legislative role." Journal of Governance and Regulation 10, no. 3 (2021): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv10i3art2.
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This research aims to study the organized crime, its characteristics, and the legislative role in combating it. Due to its reception of many refugees from Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Libya, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Jordan witnessed a widespread of numerous forms of organized crimes such as drug crimes, money laundering, and human trafficking. The authors seek to clarify how Emirati and Jordanian lawmakers dealt with such crime, and whether their legal texts were sufficient and consistent with international conventions. An analytical and comparative approach was the methodology utilized to conduct the study. The authors tackled this research through, the demonstration of the concept of organized crime in the international conventions and national legislation and the viewpoints of Jurisprudence in this regard. Organized crime is described as a threat to national security and as a crime that has dire political implications at the national and international levels (Campbell, 2014). The research has focused on the laws concerning common organized crimes such as narcotic drug trafficking, human trafficking, and money laundering. This research highlighted the efforts exerted by legislators in both countries to combat organized crimes. The findings indicate that both countries enforced specific laws and regulations to stop such crimes
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Ignjatović, Đorđe. "Organized crime and narcotics introductory clarifications." Crimen 11, no. 3 (2020): 235–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/crimen2003235i.
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Article is the first step in explaining complex relation between drugs and organized crime. Firstly, in order to better understand those relations, there are definitions of organized crime (type of property crime, determined by the existence of criminal organization which runs a permanent illegal business with the intention of maximizing profit, using violence to establish a monopoly over certain territory and the corruption of authority representatives) and drugs (illicit psychoactive substances - PAS - that affect addiction or changes in consumer consciousness). After that, author present their classifications and put an accent on "the new drugs" - club drugs and designer drugs. Before processing to the other considerations, he emphasize the distinctions among "drug-related crime" and "drug-addict crime" (crimes done by drugabusing offenders). Special attention is directed at the considerations of scientific research about influence of drugs on human behavior, especially on criminal conduct. It was concluded that between these phenomena there is a correlation, but not causality, which means that drug-abusing does not presume a crime. The importance of this assertion lies in the fact that media, general public, and even legislators often have completely opposite opinion on this problem. This is the reason why, on the one hand, citizens of various countries think that drugrelated crime means criminal activity, and on the other hand, political decision makers are constantly making criminal reaction too harsh not only towards wrongdoers who puts drugs into circulation ("dealing") only, but for drug-abusers, too. Unfortunately, the same thing has happened to Serbia which made criminal reaction quite severe in the area of drug-related crimes for many times in the last decade. Subjects who present considerable data about number of persons who are arrested or been serving a sentence in penitentiary institutions for drug-crimes should explain a few things. Firstly, they should account how many of them are deprived because they have been engaged in producing or selling substances that are declared narcotics. Secondly, they should clarify how many prisoners abused drugs before deprivation and how many during a sentence serving. Criminologists had an important assignment to persuade public and legislators that the most of actual beliefs about criminal reaction on drug-related crime are not based on scientific opinions. The biggest mistake is thinking that drug-abusing only leads to crime. In the environment where criminologists had major influence on the public and politicians, an apparent trend of reduction of criminal reaction or even decriminalization of some conducts in the area of drug-related crime has been noticed. They are treating narcotic addiction as medical, not criminal problem.
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Sari, Merina Puspita, and Akbar Raga Nata. "Organized Crime in the Corruption of Garuda Indonesia's Former Director (Analysis of the Jakarta District Court Decision)." International Journal of Law Dynamics Review 1, no. 2 (November 26, 2023): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.62039/ijldr.v1i2.18.
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This article delves into the complex world of organized crime and traces the historical roots of its development and impact on society. Focusing on corruption cases involving PT Garuda Indonesia and Rolls Royce the transnational dimensions of organized crime are examined. A criminological lens helps dissect the structural elements of organized crime to uncover networks of clients who seek to exploit legal loopholes. International legal mechanisms such as the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime aim to standardize responses to this widespread threat. Examining corruption within this framework highlights the global reach of organized crime and the need for collective action. Lastly as society grows the challenges of organized crime also increase. Global understanding combined with international cooperation guided by legal frameworks is essential to combat the complex and widespread nature of organized crime. This case study highlights the importance of criminology in identifying and combating the problem of organized crime in an interconnected world by underscoring the urgent need to address not only individual crimes but also their interconnectedness.
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Wei Luk, Bryan Tzu. "When Crime Meets Pandemic: Organized Crimes and Triad Societies’ Activities during COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 12 (March 25, 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2023.12.01.
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Recent studies suggest that the pandemic has impacted criminal activities and organized crime groups. This article provides a qualitative review of changes in crime rates, patterns, and activities of organized crime groups (specifically, Triads) in Hong Kong. Three specific types of organized crimes with high Triad involvement were selected: serious violent crimes, serious drug-related crimes, and smuggling. After analyzing both official and non-official sources, the results showed that despite the government's stringent control measures that significantly suppressed socio-economic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, the figures for these selected crimes rose tremendously. Triads' organized criminal activities became more frequent, dangerous, and aggressive, posing a severe threat to Hong Kong's law and order.
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Padalka, M. "CONCEPT OF CONSEQUENCES OF CRIME, THEIR PROPERTIES AND CRIMINALISTIC VALUES FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF ORGANIZED CRIME ACTIVITY IN THE FIELD OF TAXATION." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 64 (May 7, 2019): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.20.
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The article deals with theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of traces of a crime, their forensic meaning and properties. It is determined that one of the most important elements of revealing the mechanism of criminal activity is a forensic description of crimes. It reflects the features of the method, as well as the signs of other elements of the structure of criminal activity. In view of this, in the structure of forensic characterization of tax crimes committed by an organized criminal group, we have formulated the features of this class of crime, its traces at certain stages of organized crime, which allows you to establish the basic element of forensic characteristics – the way of committing a crime, as well as place, time it committing and direct participants in organized crime activities. Key words: traces of crimes, forensic characteristic, organized criminal activity, taxation.
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Amrullah, Mohammad Arief, and Revency Vania Rugebregt. "Counter Measures Criminal Act Of Narcotics." Pattimura Law Journal 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/palau.v1i2.2016.94.
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Narcotics crimes that are part of organized crime are essentially one of crimes against development and crimes against social welfare that are central to national and international concerns and concerns. It is very reasonable, given the scope and dimensions so vast, that its activities contain features as organized crime, white-collar crime, corporate crime, and transnational crime. In fact, by means of technology can be one form of cyber crime. Based on such characteristics, the impacts and casualties are also very wide for the development and welfare of the community. It can even weaken national resilience.
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Amrullah, Mohammad Arief, and Revency Vania Rugebregt. "Counter Measures Criminal Act Of Narcotics." Pattimura Law Journal 1, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/palau.v1i2.94.
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Narcotics crimes that are part of organized crime are essentially one of crimes against development and crimes against social welfare that are central to national and international concerns and concerns. It is very reasonable, given the scope and dimensions so vast, that its activities contain features as organized crime, white-collar crime, corporate crime, and transnational crime. In fact, by means of technology can be one form of cyber crime. Based on such characteristics, the impacts and casualties are also very wide for the development and welfare of the community. It can even weaken national resilience.
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Zoz, V. A., and A. S. Karpenko. "OPERATIONAL INSPECTION SUPPORT FOR COUNTERING ORGANIZED CRIME." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7 (73), no. 3 (1) (2022): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1733-2021-7-3(1)-258-262.
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The article reveals the issue of operational and investigative support of countering organized crime by law enforcement agencies. The analysis of statistics of crimes committed by organized criminal groups and criminal communities is carried out. Organized crime is the most dangerous form of crime that infringes on all spheres of modern society, including political, economic, social and legal. The problem of organized crime is gradually turning into one of the largest global problems of our time, which is rooted in the desire of criminal structures to legalize their own activities or build a parallel legal system of public administration, thus turning the state as a whole into its own corporate structure. The concept of organized crime goes beyond the purely criminal law science and reaches such planes of social relations as public administration, economic activity, and the like. It is in this that the greatest risks and threats are seen, since under such conditions, organized crime turns into an integral element of everyday legal reality, which makes it impossible to fight it. The main features and characteristics of organized crime are considered. The objects of interest of criminal groups, allowing to legalize the proceeds of crime, are determined, the types of operational-search counteraction are considered. The directions for improving the work efficiency in the activities of law enforcement agencies in countering organized crime have been identified.
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Arben, Shehu. "Organized Crime and Legislation against crime." Academicus International Scientific Journal 2 (July 2010): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2010.02.10.
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Kleemans, Edward R. "Organized Crime, Transit Crime, and Racketeering." Crime and Justice 35, no. 1 (January 2007): 163–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501509.
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Buszko, Andrzej. "Transformation Towards a Market Oriented Economy – an Impetus or Hindrance for Organized Crime in Poland?" Olsztyn Economic Journal 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.5395.
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This article deals with the phenomenon of organized crime that has emerged as an urgent and serious problem in Poland during the transformation period. The solid background for organized crime group activity was created during the communist time. Due to the strong position of the police (that time called militia), and the security body, organized crime was not so well developed. After 1989, the organized crime groups (OCG) started to be more active, both in the domestic and the international market. The patterns of organized crime group activity were presented. So the main objective of the paper is to reveal the evolution of OCG activities and their scale in Poland. The organized crime groups have proven to be skillful in the exploitation of legal loopholes. The OCG became less violent, and focused more on economic crimes.
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Rege, Aunshul, and Anita Lavorgna. "Organization, operations, and success of environmental organized crime in Italy and India: A comparative analysis." European Journal of Criminology 14, no. 2 (July 24, 2016): 160–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370816649627.
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Despite the devastating short- and long-term consequences of resource-related environmental crimes, rampant illegal soil and sand mining continues worldwide. In countries such as India and Italy, organized crime groups have emerged as prominent illegal suppliers of soil and sand. The proposed study focuses on an understudied research area at the intersection between organized crime and environmental crimes, and offers a trans-comparative study of illegal soil and sand mining conducted by Indian and Italian organized crime groups with two main objectives. First, a comparative analysis of the organizational mechanisms, operational practices, threat management, and supporting cultural, regulatory, and policing factors is conducted. Second, a discussion of how these groups reflect mainstream models and theories of organized crime is offered.
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Mamkuttathil, Dr Soman P., and Abdul Azeez Palathingal. "A Study on Transnational Organised Crimes And Terrorism." International Journal of Transformations in Business Management 14, no. 1 (2024): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37648/ijtbm.v14i01.004.
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Transactional crimes are crimes that have actual or potential effects across national borders and crimes that are intrastate but offend fundamental values of the International Community. The terms is commonly used in the law enforcement and academic communities. Transactional organized crime refers specifically to transactional crime carried entirely crime organizations.
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Bankov, Stefcho. "Fight against Organized Crime in Bulgaria. Legal Problems and the Need to Improve the Interaction between Law Enforcement Agencies." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0002.
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AbstractThe article examines the emergence and spread of the fight against organized crime in Bulgaria and the role of law enforcement agencies in tackling this problem. The author emphasizes the bodies that deal with the counteraction in the country as well. The paper analyses the international and national legal regulations of organized crime. Last but not least, the types of crimes qualified as organized crime are discussed.
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Montero, Juan Carlos. "La estrategia contra el crimen organizado en México: análisis del diseño de la política pública." Perfiles Latinoamericanos 20, no. 39 (January 1, 2012): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18504/pl2039-007-2012.
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Este artículo parte del reconocimiento de la amenaza que implica el crimen organizado para un régimen democrático y analiza la política que, para combatirlo, se ha adoptado en México durante la gestión del presidente Felipe Calderón. Asimismo, se cuestiona si el gobierno considera este asunto como de seguridad pública o de seguridad nacional. El hallazgo principal revela que el objetivo del gobierno federal no es combatir el crimen organizado sino la violencia que éste genera, y que para ello ha implementado una política basada principalmente en el uso de la fuerza pública, factor que no facilita la colaboración inter e intragubernamental por los conflictos que surgen cuando se articulan las políticas de seguridad pública con las de seguridad nacional.Abstract This paper is based on the assumption that the organized crime is a menace for democracy. The article develops an analysis on the fight against organized crime's policy design in the Felipe Calderon's government, questioning if the policy is managed as a police's issue or a national security's issue. The main finding is the identification of the Mexican's government objective in the "war against organized crime" switching the focus from organized crime to the violence created by criminal organizations. To fight violence the government implements a policy based on the use of public force that doesn't consider the cooperation between different governmental agencies.
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Lopez Daza, Cecilia, and Universidad de Tlaxcala - Mèxico. "Heridas psicosociales: laceración del crimen organizado. [Psychosocial wounds: laceration of organized crime]." Revista Logos Ciencia & Tecnología 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.22335/rlct.v10i3.640.
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This article explores the presence of organized crime in the region of the México Central, it’s domain and power in the control strategies that exercise in the different criminal acts at a regional level. At the same time, the criminal activities in which they involve the young people and the psychosocial implications that suffer the victims of the physical violence, symbolic that affect the mental health at the individual and collective level by destroying the ties of identity, solidarity and community of the population in general.The process of construction of this research was under the qualitative methodology approach, with a structural theoretical perspective that analyzes the psychosocial reality where violence is a factor that alters mental health victims who do it and suffer, the results indicate that the young people who were delivered to the trafficking posters are vulnerable and careful, developing criminal activities such as the theft kidnapping and drug dealers actions that exposure them to higher dangers as well as consumers of narcotics and to reproduce greater violence among the population, altering the social stability and mental health of the population throughout the region.Key words: Drug trafficking, violence, victims and mental healthResumenEste artículo explora la presencia del crimen organizado en la región del Altiplano Central Mexicano, su dominio y poder en las estrategias de control que ejercen en los diversos actos delictivos a nivel regional. Al mismo tiempo, se analizan las actividades delincuenciales en las que involucran a los jóvenes y las repercusiones psicosociales que sufren las víctimas de la violencia física, simbólica que afecta la salud mental a nivel individual y colectivo, destruyendo los lazos de identidad, solidaridad y sentido comunitario en la población en general.El proceso de construcción de esta investigación fue bajo el enfoque de la metodología cualitativa, con una perspectiva teórica estructural que analiza la realidad psicosocial en donde la violencia es un factor que altera la salud mental, tanto de víctimas, como victimarios. Los resultados indican que los jóvenes que se integran a los Cárteles del narcotráfico son vulnerables y carentes, desarrollando actividades delincuenciales como el robo, secuestro y narcomenudeo acciones que los expone a mayores peligros, como consumidores de estupefacientes y a reproducir mayor violencia entre la población, alterando la estabilidad social y la salud mental de la población en toda la región.Palabras clave: Narcotráfico, violencia, víctimas y salud mental. AbstratoEste artigo explora a presença do crime organizado na região do México Central, é domínio e poder nas estratégias de controle que se exercitam nos diferentes atos criminosos em nível regional. Ao mesmo tempo, criminosas as atividades em que elas envolvem os jovens e os implicaciones psicossociais que sofrem as vítimas da violência física, simbólica que afetam a saúde mental no nível pessoal e colectivo, destruindo os laços de identidade, solidariedade e comunidade da população em geral.O processo de construção de pesquisa ESTA estava sob a abordagem metodológica qualitativa, com uma perspectiva estrutural teórico que analisa a realidade psicossocial Onde a violência é um fator que altera vítimas de saúde mental que o fazem e sofrem, os resultados indicam que os jovens que foram libertos com o tráfico cartazes são vulneráveis e cuidadosa, desenvolvendo atividades criminosas: como as ações de sequestro roubo e drogas comerciantes que a exposição deles a perigos maiores, bem como consumidores de narcóticos e reproduzir maior violência entre a população, alterando a estabilidade social e saúde mental de a população em toda a região.Palavras-chave: Tráfico de drogas, violência, vítimas e saúde mental.
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Vladimirovna Rednikova, Tatiana. "Criminological Characteristics of Organized Environmental Crime in the Russian Federation." Internal Security 10, no. 2 (September 16, 2019): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4218.
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Throughout the world, modern environmental crime is characterized by the emergence of new forms of criminal behavior, improving ways of committing crimes and steadily increasing participation of organized criminal groups and communities in their commission. Nowadays, organized environmental crime along with environmental terrorism constitute a significant security threat. The distinctive features of organized environmental crime include: longevity and stability of a criminal organization, which in most cases effectively manages a complex of criminal activities from the organizational and economic point of view, and also has the ability to minimize the risks arising in this connection, long-term planning of activities, involving individuals and commercial structures, building criminal networks. Another characteristic feature is its focus on the market (including the illegal one). The organized groups often engage in criminal activities in various areas, committing environmental and economic and other types of crimes, while the corruption component is an integral feature of them. Organized transnational environmental crime carries out its activities in such key areas as illegal trade in rare and endangered species of wild fauna and flora and their derivatives, illegal logging and trade in illegal timber, illegal turnover of waste including illegal transportation, storage, discharge and burial, transboundary movement of hazardous waste, illegal fishing. Law enforcement and law enforcement agencies of various states pooling their efforts to curb ecologically criminal behavior, neutralizing all stages of the crime: planning, illegal extraction of resources, transportation, marketing, laundering of proceeds from crime play an important role in combating organized environmental crime. Eliminating the economic basis of the activities of criminal groups, reducing their profitability, is the key to success in combating it. Improvement of international legislation for development will create an integrated system of measures to counteract organized environmental crime at the level of individual states and ensure unification of national legislative systems in terms of terminology, compositions, and sanctions applied for the commission of environmental crimes by organized groups.
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Nugraha Ardi Setiawan, Setiawan Noerdajasakti, and Faizin Sulistio. "The Weak Role of Prosecutors in Designating Justice Collaborators in Indonesia." International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) 5, no. 3 (December 6, 2023): 863–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v5i3.285.
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Crime is a phenomenon that has infiltrated into communal life. One type of crime resulting from this development is criminal activities carried out in collusion or groups, meticulously planned, and referred to as organized crime. This type of crime can be categorized as an extraordinary or extraordinary crime because it is considered more extreme than ordinary crimes. In organized crime, perpetrators form a group that employs various detailed and synchronized methods to obtain money, power, or other objectives. Examples of organized crime include corrupt groups, robbery conspiracies, and even groups of murderers. This should prompt law enforcement agencies to undertake new efforts to address and combat this type of crime, and one of the means employed can be through the Criminal Justice System network.
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Valijonov, Daler. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE FIGHT AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME." Review of Law Sciences 6, no. 3 (October 10, 2022): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.rols.2022.6.3./pfws1721.
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This scientific article provides a systematic analysis of the international legal foundations of cooperation in the fight against transnational organized crime. In the article, the author tried to highlight the theoretical aspects of the issue of international cooperation of law enforcement agencies in the system of combating transnational organized crime. The content and essence of the concepts “international criminal group” and “international criminal community”, which were considered relevant today, were also analyzed in this article. The comparative analysis of the author on international conventions, declarations, and legislation of foreign countries served as a reflection of the specifics of this article. Moreover, the relevance of the research topic is because the commission of transnational organized crimes is characterized by the use of modern technical means and technologies. The predicted result was a significant increase in the number of serious crimes of a transnational nature. The lack of proper legal cooperation between States leads to the emergence and spread of dangerous practices when criminals, committing a crime in one State, illegally cross the borders of another in order to avoid justice and criminal prosecution. The problem of disclosure, investigation, and prevention of transnational organized crimes within the framework of international cooperation in criminal matters is the most urgent today.
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Marine, Frank J. "The effects of organized crime on legitimate businesses." Journal of Financial Crime 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 214–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13590790610660926.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the development and nature of organized crime in the USA over the past 50 years, emphasizing organized crime's corruption and victimization of legitimate businesses and describing law enforcement's efforts to combat organized crime through specific case studies.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the paper analyzes the control over and corruption of legitimate businesses in the USA by the La Cosa Nostra (“LCN,” or the American Mafia), including the following industries: Las Vegas gaming; moving and storage; garment; waste – hauling; and, construction, and the following unions: the International Brotherhood of Teamsters; Laborers International Union of North America; and, the International Longshoreman's Association. The paper also describes law enforcement's successful efforts to combat such corruption through the use of criminal and civil racketeering laws and specific prosecutions. The paper then discusses the emergence in the mid‐1980s of non‐traditional organized crime groups in the USA, including various Asian ethnic groups and large‐scale human trafficking organizations that impact Europe and Asia as well as the USA.FindingsThe non‐traditional criminal groups not only prey on the legitimate businesses in ethnic Asian communities in the USA, but they also engage in complex crimes, alien smuggling, drug trafficking, credit‐card frauds, money laundering, and other financial crimes. There has emerged a new era for organized crime that began in the 1990s with the fall of the former Soviet Union and the emergence of transnational organized crime groups emanating from the nations comprising the former Soviet Bloc. These organized crime groups engage in a wide variety of economic crimes including extortion, fraud, illicit appropriation of natural resources, and public corruption. Such extensive corruption threatens the stability of some of these emerging nations.Originality/valueThis paper will be valuable to law enforcement offices and policy makers to assist them to understand the scope and nature of organized crime's adverse effects upon businesses and economic interests and to develop tools to combat such criminal activities.
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Holovkin, Bohdan, and Kostyantyn Marysyuk. "FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN COUNTERING (PREVENTING) ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM: SPECIAL LAW ENFORCEMENT BODIES AND STRATEGIC PRIORITIES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-3-25-36.
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The aim of the article is the analysis of countering organized crime in the financial system in Ukraine and abroad, as well as the development of concrete proposals to optimize the legislative provision of such activities by special international law enforcement agencies in connection with countering crimes in the financial system committed by organized groups and criminal organizations. The subject of the study is an organized crime in the financial system: foreign experience. Methodology. The analysis of legal regulations of Ukraine, the EU, and the USA, as well as scientific literature, enables to study the state of affairs in combating organized groups, which commit economic crimes, and define strategic priorities and objectives of countering this socially negative phenomenon in Ukraine. The results of the study reveal that the implementation of foreign experience in the national economic development faces a number of key economic challenges, primarily organized crime, that hinder the national economy improvement. The author determines that a comprehensive organized crime coping strategy in the financial system is needed currently. Practical implications. The study determines that the issue of countering organized crime in the financial system has become international over the last few decades, overstepping the boundaries of individual countries or regions and gaining global significance. The world community recognizes that organized crime in the financial system has become a global threat to economic security that requires states to adopt measures agreed to combat this socially dangerous activity, both nationally and internationally. Relevance/ originality. The study reveals the status of the economic system development in Ukraine, as well as further improves identifying of effective trends of organized crime prevention in the financial system of Ukraine, taking into account positive foreign experience.
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Hilley, Sarah. "The Shadowcrew — organized, yes, but ‘Organized Crime’?" Infosecurity Today 3, no. 1 (January 2006): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1742-6847(06)70357-3.
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Shonazarov, Abduvali. "TYPICAL INVESTIGATIVE SITUATIONS AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE INVESTIGATION OF ORGANIZED CRIME IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES." Jurisprudence 2, no. 5 (October 25, 2022): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.2.5./ezbo9913.
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This article presents situations in investigative actions against organized crime in the example of developed countries. Measures to combat organized crime must be constantly improved and have a feature that prevents the development of organized crime. That is, operatives need to use new methods to quickly collect and analyze information about the crime. Each of these cases can be classified as investigative cases on the facts of detection, suppression and disclosure of crimes related to a specific mechanism of criminal activity. Particularly relevant is the problem of proving the fight against organized crime in the framework of criminal procedure regulation. That is, obtaining evidence illegally affects its admissibility, and its use causes problems in court. The use of effective methods in the investigation of organized crime is emphasized. Also, the practice of coercive and voluntary prosecution, delivery of data collected under supervision, the use of testimony from accomplices in crime, and the admissibility of evidence in court are discussed. It stipulates that investigative actions are carried out in a procedural manner according to the legislation of developed countries.
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Mahlatse Ragolane and Nthabiseng Gratitude Khoza. "Challenges faced by the government in addressing organised crime in South Africa: a policy framework analysis." International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy (2687-2293) 6, no. 3 (August 23, 2024): 252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36096/ijbes.v6i3.510.
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South Africa has experienced an exponential increase in organized crime over the past decade. The government has implemented strategies to combat organised crime, however, the lack of institutional strength, corruption, and cooperation among agencies have hindered their efforts. A growing debate is on whether socioeconomic uncertainties and instability are responsible for the growth of organized crime. The objective of this paper was to explore the challenges faced by the government to address organised crime in South Africa with a focus on the policy framework and the intent of government institutions to address this phenomenon. The study used the Social Disorganised Theory to explore whether the rise in organized crime can be attributed to social instability, economic deprivation, and lack of social cohesion which in turn influences individuals to engage in criminal activities. The methodology adopted in this paper is qualitative and data was collected using secondary sources and materials. The findings indicate that organised crime is increasing in South Africa and across borders due to the lack of political will, management, expertise, and skills of law enforcement agencies to fight organised crime. The findings also indicate that there is an increase in corruption within agencies mandated to carry out the portfolios of fighting and reducing organised crime leading to a subsequent illusion that policies and security are insufficient and unstable. The study argues that to combat organised crime in South Africa, the government must address issues such as inter alia, lack of political will, corruption, lack of institutional capacity and lack of collaboration through the proposed nine steps model.
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Palmiotto, Michael J. "Organized crime: Crime control vs. civil liberties." Journal of Criminal Justice 14, no. 5 (January 1986): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(86)90115-7.
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Sacco, Vincent F. "Organized Crime in America." Canadian Journal of Criminology 33, no. 2 (April 1991): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjcrim.33.2.212.
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Budianto, Agus. "PERESEPAN DOKTER: ORGANIZED CRIME?" Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 39, no. 4 (December 3, 2009): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol39.no4.288.
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AbstractCultural behavior among physicians with pharmaceutical companies that harm the patient in the case of a prescription can be criminalitations when culture is done in organized, structured, and continue to cause victims. Culture is also an act mala per se and meet the elements of actus reus and mens rea.
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Koslowski, Ricco. "Organized Crime in Europe." Magyar Rendészet 18, no. 5 (2018): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32577/mr.2018.5.4.
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The study introduces the current situation in connection with organized criminal groups in Europe. By differentiation of their specific characteristics, the activity of terrorist and organized crime groups in Europe are presented. The author provides some insight into the activity of the currently working organized crime groups through the assessment of the activity of transnational organized crime groups. In the forecast of future evolution of organized crime, the author emphasizes the importance of regular cooperation at national and international, as well as inside and outside of the competent organizations.