Journal articles: 'Organon (Firm)'

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Soroko, Nataliia. "USING VIRTUAL REALITY IN SUPPORT STEAM APPROACH FOR GENERAL SCHOOL." Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», no. 1(48) (May 27, 2021): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2021.48.387-390.

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The article considers the main possibilities of virtual reality tools to support the STEAM approach in general education institutions. The focus is on the benefits of virtual reality for the implementation of STEAM education. The statistics of the law firm Perkins Coie LLP and XR Association «Determining the role of industry in the future of immersive technologies» on the research of the implementation of augmented and virtual realities in 2019. The attitude of teachers of general education institutions of Ukraine to the use of virtual reality in the implementation of the STEAM approach is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to VR applications for the STEAM approach in general school. Some virtual reality applications for general education institutions are offered, such as Google Expeditions, 3D Organon Anatomy, Lecture VR, StarTracker VR-Mobile Sky Map, Nano2d, VR Roller Coaster, Volumetric oscilloscope, Calcflow and others. We concluded that the use of virtual reality opens up many new opportunities in learning and STEAM education that are too complex, time consuming or expensive with traditional approaches. Virtual reality is able not only to provide information about the phenomenon itself, but also to demonstrate it with any degree of detail. A virtual educational environment is a creative environment in which learning is possible with the motivation of students, their emotional uplift and a positive, optimistic mood. A necessary condition for the use of a virtual educational environment is the implementation of a personality-oriented approach and the development and improvement of teaching methods, in particular in the fields of STEAM. Prospects for further research are the design of the STEAM model of oriented educational environment using virtual reality tools.

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PASANEN, MIKA. "SME GROWTH STRATEGIES: ORGANIC OR NON-ORGANIC?" Journal of Enterprising Culture 15, no. 04 (December 2007): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495807000174.

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This paper focuses on factors affecting the growth and performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The aim was to identify strategic factors differentiating two types of growth firms, organic growth SMEs and acquisition growth SMEs. The comparison was based on the empirical data of 20 acquisition growth SMEs and 90 organic growth SMEs, The analysis revealed strategic differences, with important implications, between the two groups. The most noteworthy differences were related to their scale of operation, firm age, founders, and product and customer structures. The results increase our understanding of the factors affecting SME growth and performance in two different contexts of growth strategies. They suggest that firm growth pattern is associated with SME characteristics, and thus has managerial implications.

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Kumari, Neeraj, Chandra Mohan, and Arvind Negi. "An Investigative Study on the Structural, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Clay-Based PVC Polymer Composite Films." Polymers 15, no. 8 (April 18, 2023): 1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081922.

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The present study aims to explore the impact of pristine and surfactant-modified clays (montmorillonite, bentonite and vermiculite) on the thermomechanical properties of a poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) polymer film. Initially, clay was modified by employing the ion exchange method. The modification of clay minerals was confirmed by the XRD pattern and thermogravimetric analysis. Pristine PVC polymer film and clay (montmorillonite, bentonite and vermiculite)-based PVC polymer composite films were fabricated using solution casting. The ideal dispersion of surfactant-modified organo-clays was observed in the PVC polymer matrix due to the hydrophobic nature of modified clays. The resultant pure polymer film and clay polymer composite film were characterized using XRD and TGA, and their mechanical properties were determined using a tensile strength tester and Durometer. From the XRD pattern, the intercalation of the PVC polymer film was found in the interlayer of organo-clay while exfoliation or partial intercalation and exfoliation were observed for pristine clay mineral-based PVC polymer composite films. Thermal analysis indicated a lowering of the decomposition temperature of the composite film as clay promotes the thermal degradation temperature of PVC. Improvement in the tensile strength and hardness was found to be more frequent in the case of organo-clay-based PVC polymer films, which is only due to the hydrophobic nature of organ clays, resulting in greater compatibility with the polymer matrix.

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Egwunatum, Anselm Enwelem, Patience Ndidi Emilimor, Nneka Sophia Emma-Otum, and Alukwe Doreen. "Evaluation of organo-mineral qualities of combusted compost floor litters in Achalla forest reserve on early growth responses of Dacryodes edulis H. J. Lam." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 13, no. 1 (August 22, 2023): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v13i1.67953.

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This study evaluated the potential of compost-combusted forest litters as alternative sources of ex-situ organo-mineral products to the direct use of controlled fire for enhanced soil nutrients in forest stands. Floor litters from six (6) delineated standing forest patches of Pterocarpus erinaceus, Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis, Bambusa vulgaris, Ceiba pentandra and Mangifera indica were characterized for N, K, P, Ca and Mg; composted for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days and then uniformly combusted to produce organo-minerals for early growth response of Dacryodes edulis in a 6 x 4 split-plot factorial experiment. Analysis of variance was conducted for litter characteristics, calorific values, moisture, ash contents, and germination and growth variables of Dacryodes edulis while significant means were separated with DMRT (p ≥ 0.05). Results showed that Mangifera had the highest P (0.68%) and K (1.15%); Bamboo had the highest N (1.92%). Germination was 6>9>12> 3 days with Bamboo > Ceiba > Teak > Mangifera > Gmelina > Pterocarpus for 6 days organo-minerals, but the highest height (21.56 ± 6.77 cm) by Pterocarpus to implicate litters under microbe-thermal mediation as sustainable organo-mineral ex-situ products to combat incidence of forest fire for fertile forest soil. Thus, in-situ controlled fire in standing forests is no longer needed for nutrient-rich forest-agriculture. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 13(1): 31-37, June 2023

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Ensafi, Ali A., Esmaeil Heydari-Bafrooei, Mohammad Dinari, and S. Mallakpour. "Improved immobilization of DNA to graphite surfaces, using amino acid modified clays." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 20 (2014): 3022–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21827a.

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Mori, Katsumasa, Sohei Iguchi, Shusuke Takebe, and Masaharu Nakayama. "A thin film sorbent of layered organo-MnO2 for the extraction of p-aminoazobenzene from aqueous solution." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 12 (2015): 6470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06725h.

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7

Gȋfu, Catalina Ioana, Bogdan Trică, Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu, Cătălin Ionuţ Mihăescu, Cristian Petcu, Mihaela Cristina Lite, Alina Popescu, et al. "Rapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Organo-Modified Nanostructured Silica Coatings with Tunable Water-Repellence Properties." Coatings 11, no. 11 (October 29, 2021): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111319.

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A simple method to fabricate organo-modified silane coatings for water-repellent surface modification was proposed, by using a microwave sol-gel synthesis of hybrid materials. Low-cost fluorine-free tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and dodecyltriethoxysilane (DDTES) were used as silane derivatives. The organo-modified silica coatings were prepared by the drop-casting method and were characterized by UV-VIS, FTIR spectroscopy, and AFM and SEM microscopy. The morphology of the film show the existence of submicrometer scale roughness due to the aggregation of modified silica nanoparticles. Contact angles of water and diiodomethane on surfaces modified with as prepared nanostructured film were determined in order to assess the hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. The TEOS/DDTES ratio was proved to be a crucial factor in tuning the wettability properties. The results suggest that significant increase of hydrophobicity could be achieved by using non-fluorinated cost-effective silica nanomaterials produced with a rapid ecofriendly method.

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Park, Sang Min, Soon Hwa Jung, Soung Hee Park, and Sang Done Kim. "Silicon Oxide Thin Film Deposition on Alumina in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.577.

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Silicon oxide deposition on fine alumina powders by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at atmospheric pressure was carried out in a circulating fluidized bed reactor. To deposit silicon oxide on alumina powders, the organo-silicon source precursors (tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO)) and oxygen were used as the reactant gases while helium and argon were used as the dilute gases. The surface property of plasma-treated alumina powder varies from hydrophobic to hydrophilic in the surface composition with variation of the discharge power. In oxygen-containing atmospheres, chemical composition of the deposited film is more inorganic with increasing the discharge power and the flow ratio of O2/precursor for both organo-silicon precursors.

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Niu, Ming, and Guo Jian Wang. "Study on the Nanocomposite Foam of Cardanol Phenolic Resin and Organo-Modified Montmorillonite." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.147.

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In this article, a series of novel phenolic resin modified with cardanol were synthesized. The influence of reaction condition and cardanol content on the structure and properties of phenolic resin was evaluated. The nanocomposite phenolic foam was then prepared by infusing the organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in the synthesis step of cardanol phenolic resin to produce nanocomposite phenolic foams. These phenolic foams were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA. And the mechanical properties and fire performance of these nanocomposite foams were also measured. The results showed that the cardanol component could reduce the crosslink density of phenolic foam and thus improve the mechanical properties; the OMMT platelets were 3~10μm in diameter and 40~50nm in thick. These platelets can exfoliated and dispersed well in the nanocomposite due to the hydrogen-bonding between organo-modifier and phenolic matrix and improve the thermal stability, fire resistance and also the mechanical properties of nanocomposite foam.

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Jiang, Zhen Lin, Chao Sheng Wang, Jia Lin Liu, Qiong Wang, Li Feng Li, and Shu Ying Fang. "Fabrication and Characterization of Polyorganosiloxane Superhydrophobic Film by Sol-Gel Method." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 962–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.962.

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The polyorganosiloxane superhydrophobic film was fabricated via a sol-gel process followed by nano-silica(SiO2) sol and new organo-siloxane reagent 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[2-(trimethoxysilyl)-ethyl]-tri-siloxane(in brief as HPTETOs), the chemical structure of the polyorganosiloxane superhydrophobic were described by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the superhydrophobic property of the treated sample was measured by contact angle (CA) measurements. It revealed that nano-silica and polyorganosiloxane formed 3D hydrophobic groups on the film; the film has turned its wetting property from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic with water contact angle of 143.7°.

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Jeon, Young Sun, Sung Dai Kim, Hwang Bo Seung, and Kyu Seog Hwang. "Polyethylene Terephthalate Thin Film Incorporating Green Emitting Up-Conversion Phosphor." Key Engineering Materials 753 (August 2017): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.753.168.

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Er3+-doped CaTiO3 up-conversion phosphor was prepared by chemical solution method. Host thin film to incorporate up-conversion phosphor was a nanostructured organo-silicon compound prepared from methyl tri-methoxysilane and 3-glycidoxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane. Further, we prepared a phosphor paste by mixing the organo-silicon compound with 3 mol% Er3+-doped CaTiO3. Subsequently, this paste was coated on polyethylene terephthalate, followed by heat-treatment at 120°C. The visible emission was found to be at the region 525 ~ 530 nm, 540 ~ 560 nm, and 650 ~ 660 nm corresponding to the 2H11/2 ® 4I15/2, 4S3/2 ® 4I15/2, and 4F9/2 ® 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ ions, respectively. The transmission of performance IR detection cards is to be above 90% in the range from 200 to 1600 nm because the weak infrared light should pump the CaTiO3 up-conversion phosphor. The prepared up-conversion phosphor films can potentially be used as low-power IR detectors in optical fiber communication and medical instrument.

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Tagami, Tatsuaki, Maya Okamura, Koki Ogawa, and Tetsuya Ozeki. "Fabrication of Mucoadhesive Films Containing Pharmaceutical Ionic Liquid and Eudragit Polymer Using Pressure-Assisted Microsyringe-Type 3D Printer for Treating Oral Mucositis." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091930.

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Oral mucositis in the oral cavity, caused by radiation therapy and chemotherapy, requires personalized care and therapy due to variations in the lesions of patients. In the present study, we fabricated a model of personalized oral film containing an ibuprofen/lidocaine ionic liquid (IL) for patients with oral mucositis using a pressure-assisted microsyringe-type 3D printer at room temperature. The film contained a Eudragit polymer (L100, EPO, or RSPO) to make the film solid, and the printer ink was composed of organo ink (organic solvent to dissolve both drugs and the Eudragit polymer). The viscosity of the printer ink was assessed to investigate its extrudability. The contact angle and the surface tension at the interface between each liquid printer ink and a solid polypropylene sheet were measured to determine the retention of the ink in 3D printing. The physical properties of IL-loaded Eudragit-based dry films were examined by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Dissolution tests indicated that IL-loaded films containing a Eudragit polymer exhibited different drug release rates in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8; Eudragit L100 > IL alone > Eudragit EPO > Eudragit RSPO). These results provide useful information for the specific fabrication of IL-loaded polymer-based films using organo inks and pressure-assisted microsyringe-type 3D printers.

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Agnihotri, Arpita. "Corporate reputation based theory of choice between organic, hybrid and inorganic growth strategies." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 19, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-11-2012-0080.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how organizational resources: mass media corporate reputation and relative performance influences firms choice between organic, hybrid and inorganic growth strategies and how industry competition moderates this relationship. Design/methodology/approach – Using panel data and Tobit regression on sample of firms from emerging markets, i.e. India, the study is conducted. Findings – The results indicate that firm's corporate reputation, its relative performance with respect to competitors, positively influences hybrid growth strategy and negatively influences organic growth strategies. Further, results show that competition acts as a moderator of firm's relative performance and growth choice. Originality/value – The study contribute to resource-based view of the firm and corporate reputation literature by the extending the deterministic role of corporate reputation to not only firms’ market-based performance but also strategic choice.

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Yang, Liu, Qianwen Zhang, Qikun Wang, Wande Ding, and Kefeng Zhang. "Organo-Functionalization: An Effective Method in Enhancing the Separation and Antifouling Performance of Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes by Improving the Uniform Dispersion of Palygorskite Nanoparticles." Membranes 11, no. 11 (November 19, 2021): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11110889.

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Recently, palygorskite (Pal) has become a promising new membrane additive in flux enhancement and fouling reduction, which is an environmentally friendly nanoclay material under the 2:1 layer composition with 1D tubular structure. However, the aggregation of Pal due to the intermolecular forces is still an obstacle to be solved in improving membrane performance. Herein, Pal nanoparticles were chemically modified by KH550 to weaken the aggregation and improve the dispersibility, and then incorporated into the organic phase to prepare thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes. The results showed that the organo-functionalization could effectively improve the membrane hydrophilicity and dispersion of Pal nanoparticles in the polyamide layer, which contributed to the enhanced water flux (from 25 to 38 L/m2·h), unchanged salt rejection (98.0%) and better antifouling capacity (91% flux recovery rate), which suggested that the organo-functionalization of nanoparticles was an efficient method in further enhancing membrane performance

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Tsapko, Yu, O. Tsapko, O. Bondarenko, Z. Sirko, K. Kaverin, and D. Semigran. "FEATURES OF FIRE PROTECTION TREATMENT OF LOAD-BEARING BUILDING STRUCTURES." Scientific Bulletin of Building, no. 110 (June 27, 2024): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2311-7257.2024.110.1.12.

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The article emphasizes that wood is a flammable material, flames spread quickly, which poses a threat to building structures. Therefore, it must be protected by effective means of fire protection. Regulatory and technical documentation is presented, which establishes requirements for the quality of fire protection of wooden structures. Using the example of state reserve enterprises, it is shown that there are many methods of fire-resistant treatment of wooden structures with flame retardants. Among them are the impregnation of wood with inorganic salts and the application of coatings on an organic basis. These include impregnation of wood with inorganic salts and application of coatings on an organic basis. It is shown that the specified methods of processing have disadvantages during application and operation, which include the moistening of wood under the influence of external natural factors, which leads to the dissolution and leaching of salts, increased smoke formation, and the formation of toxic combustion products. The constituent parts of the intumescent coating are proposed and their effectiveness in relation to fire protection of wood is determined. Depending on the content of PVA-dispersion, a change in the coefficient of swelling was determined, which is in the range from 14.3 to 25.1. Thus, it was determined that when mineral fillers are added to the composition of the organo-mineral composition in the amount of 10%, it helps to increase the coefficient of swelling from 30 to 36.7, which is 1.5...1.84 times greater than the value of the coefficient of swelling of the optimal composition of the organo-mineral composition without fillers. The article presents research on the creation of fire-resistant intumescent coatings capable of providing a wide range of fire-resistant and operational properties. After testing samples treated with an intumescent coating, under the action of a burner flame, a sample weight loss of no more than 6% was obtained, and the temperature of flue gases did not exceed 184ºС, which refers the treated wood to the group of non-combustible materials. Thus, the intumescent coating provides the first group of fire protection efficiency. Keywords: building structures, fire-resistant treatment, state reserve enterprises, intumescent coatings, fire-resistant properties, efficiency.

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Alekseev, Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich, Aleksey Igorevich Kharchenko, Vadim Gennad’evich Solovyev, and Roman Nikolaevich Nikonorov. "SHOTCRETE IN MINE CONSTRUCTION." Vestnik MGSU, no. 7 (July 2017): 780–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2017.7.780-787.

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This article deals with concerns of construction of subsurface structures with the use of shotcrete as a support, the samples of mine construction with application of shotcrete have been shown, in particular projected mine with vertical well bore. The calculation method for construction of well bore with the use of shotcrete support has been stated, the major analytical relationships have been set out, a graph showing the growth of strength in a support has been generated for several sites according to the results of actual geotechnical survey. The research of properties of concrete with fast development of strength has been implemented for mine engineering and construction of transportation infrastructure. The results of experimental analysis of shotcrete with organo-mineral and chemical additives have been listed. Performance improvement of physical and mechanical properties of shotcrete has been proven when the complex active nano agent added into composition of the binder. Improved kinetics of development of strength related to accelerated admixture helps in proportioning concrete compositions for practically any firm and medium-firm grounds during construction of support of subsurface structures.

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Skorodumova, Olga, Olena Tarakhno, and Olena Chebotaryova. "Improving the Fire-Retardant Properties of Cotton-Containing Textile Materials Through the Use of Organo-Inorganic SiO<sub>2</sub> Sols." Key Engineering Materials 927 (July 29, 2022): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-jbv49r.

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The effect of fire-retardant compositions based on organo-inorganic SiO2 sols without the use of flame retardants on increasing the fire resistance of cotton-containing textile materials has been studied. Previous studies have shown that the combined use of silicate coatings and flame retardants of simple structure prevents the ignition of impregnated samples of cotton-containing fabric and the proposed chemistry of this process. These studies did not use flame retardants to obtain more information on the effect of the composition and concentration of experimental organo-inorganic SiO2 sols on the fire resistance of treated tissues. The compositions were prepared by the sol-gel method using a technical product – liquid glass – with a silicate modulus of 2,5 and acetic acid solution. The influence of sols concentration in terms of conditioned SiO2 on their rheological features has been studied. It was found that the optical density, fluidity and survivability of experimental sols depend on the concentration of SiO2 in the sol. The compositions were applied to the fabric by the bath method in layers: each layer of the coating was fixed on the surface of the fabric by thermal shock in an oven at temperatures of 80-100 °C. Untreated cotton fabric caught fire under the influence of fire after 7 seconds. Impregnated tissue samples did not ignite under the action of fire, but gradually charred. To determine the effect of coating thickness and SiO2 concentration in the sol on the fire resistance of impregnated fabric samples, fire tests at a gas pressure of 0,2 MPa were performed for 8 s and the area of damage to the reverse side of the fabric was determined. Prolonged exposure to the flame resulted in a crack in the center of the charred spot. In the absence of flame retardants in the fire-retardant composition after removal of the fire source, decay was observed. The time for which a crack is formed in the sample under the action of fire was determined at the time of onset of tissue destruction. It is shown that in the case of using a sol of 10% concentration it is necessary to apply three layers of coating, which doubles the fire resistance (from 7 s for untreated fabric to 15 s for impregnated fabric), the start time of destruction increases 5 times (from 1 min to 5,5 min). The area of damage to the reverse side of the fabric not treated and impregnated with the experimental coating is reduced from 632 mm2 to 0, respectively.

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Shen, Meng-Wei, and Shyi-Tien Chen. "Fabrication of an Organo-Fluoride–Free Hydrophobic Film Using the Sol-Gel Method by Factors Screening and Poly-Acrylic Acid Addition." Coatings 10, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10101011.

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Improving silica film’s contact angle (CA) using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and iso-butyltrimethoxysilane (iso-BTMS) by the sol-gel method without adding organo-fluoride substances is of interest. Five factors, namely type of solvent, molar ratio and amounts of TEOS and iso-BTMS, mixing intensity, sol aging time, and presence and absence of poly-acrylic acid (PAA), were assessed to improve the static water CA of the film and its surface quality. Results revealed that when ethanol was used as the dissolving solvent and after adding initial iso-BTMS and TEOS concentrations of 0.0270 and 0.0194 mol/L (molar ratio = 1.39), respectively, without sonication and adding PAA/TEOS weight ratio of 0.029, then the maximum static CA of the film reached 147°, a nearly super-hydrophobic surface. Under given conditions, long-term film durability was observed, and the added PAA prevented the formation of nonhomogeneous film surfaces caused by the highly clustering aggregation of silanols under high pH conditions.

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Holzhauer, Peter, and Christina Grosse. "Friendly Fire: Autoimmune Pneumonitis nach Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie 51, no. 01 (March 2019): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0860-3467.

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ZusammenfassungDie Therapie mit Checkpoint-Inhibitoren hat mittlerweile einen festen Platz in der Therapie von immer mehr Tumorentitäten gefunden. Gerade beim nichtkleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinom können mittlerweile bisher nicht möglich scheinende Ansprechraten und oft auch ein verlängertes Gesamtüberleben bei geeigneten Patienten, realisiert werden. Besonders Patienten mit einer hohen PD-L1-Expression im Tumorgewebe profitieren von dieser Behandlung. Der Checkpoint-Inhibitor Pembrolizumab ist bei diesen Patienten für den 1st line Einsatz zugelassen 1. Checkpoint-Inhibitoren sind in der Regel gut verträglich. Dennoch können sich bei einigen Patienten immunbezogene Reaktion an verschiedenen Organen, wie Lunge, Kolon oder Schilddrüse einstellen. Das Management dieser autoimmunen Nebenwirkungen (immune-related adverse events) erfordert ein schnelles therapeutisches Handeln und ist in Algorithmen zur Vorgehensweise publiziert 3. Hier wird der Behandlungsverlauf einer Patientin vorgestellt, die schon nach der ersten Gabe Pembrolizumab mit einer sehr ausgeprägten Pneumonitis konfrontiert wurde.

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Xie Yingtao, 谢应涛, 蔡坤林 Cai Kunlin, 陈鹏龙 Chen Penglong, 刘愈 Liu Yu, and 王东平 Wang Dongping. "面向有机薄膜晶体管的紫外/红外光退火的溶液法氧化锆薄膜性能研究." Chinese Journal of Lasers 49, no. 7 (2022): 0703001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202249.0703001.

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Saxena, Abhishek, and R. K. Singh Raman. "Role of Surface Preparation in Corrosion Resistance Due to Silane Coatings on a Magnesium Alloy." Molecules 26, no. 21 (November 3, 2021): 6663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216663.

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Coating of an organo-silane (Bis-1,2-(TriethoxySilyl)Ethane (BTSE)) has been observed to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy AZ91D. Three different types of surface preparations have been employed before condensing the silane coating on to the substrate. Corrosion resistance was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A specific alkali treatment of the substrate prior to the coating has been found to improve the corrosion resistance of the coated alloy, which has been attributed to the ability of the treatment in facilitating the condensation of a relatively compact siloxane film.

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Caram, Jorge, Maximiliano Senno, Luisa Cencha, Silvia Tinte, Raúl Urteaga, and Roberto D. Arce. "Efficient approach for optical and morphological characterization of hybrid perovskite films based on reflectance and transmittance measurements." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 11 (December 16, 2021): 115303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac3865.

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Abstract Organo-inorganic perovskites (OIPs) have been intensively studied due to their potential application in low-cost, high-efficiency energy conversion in solar cells. Despite the great improvement in the quality of OIP films, wide dispersion in the same batch of perovskite-based devices remains an obstacle to obtaining highly reproducible results. For that reason, new and efficient strategies for testing deposition results is essential. Here we present a simple and efficient procedure for characterizing optical and morphological properties based on simultaneous reflectance and transmittance measurements under normal incidence over a methylammonium lead iodide film. The proposed method provides qualitative and quantitative morphological information associated with the film roughness as well as information about the position of the optical gap and possible contributions to optical dispersion in the structure that can be used as a simple diagnostic tool to optimize film deposition. Results are compared and validated with electronic and atomic force microscopy, as well as first-principles calculations.

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Abbas, Mohamed A., and Mahmoud A. Bedair. "Adsorption and Computational Studies for Evaluating the Behavior of Silicon Based Compounds as Novel Corrosion Inhibitors of Carbon Steel Surfaces in Acidic Media." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 233, no. 2 (February 25, 2019): 225–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2018-1159.

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Abstract Two organo-silicon compounds namely; di-triethanolamine siloxane and bis (dithioamine triethanolamine) siloxane were employed as inhibitors for C-steel alloys corrosion in 1 M H2SO4 solution utilizing potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance and computational studies. According to both polarization and impedance data, it has been found that the investigated organo-silicon compounds work as efficient corrosion inhibitors and the protection aptitude raised by increasing the inhibitor concentration. The shown behavior of the tested compounds is cathodic and anodic type inhibition following Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The evaluated adsorption parameters, adsorption equilibrium constant (Kads) and Gibbs free energy of adsorption $(\Delta G_{{\rm{ads}}}^o)$ reveal a good association between the inhibitor molecules and the surface of carbon steel in a predominantly chemisorptions manner. In the view of computational quantum and molecular dynamic simulation studies, molecular structure effectiveness and suggested mechanism of protection efficiency were discussed. Surface characterization studies such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been utilized as corroborative tools for confirming the presence of the defensive inhibitor film on the surface of a metal.

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Chaoping Chen, Chaoping Chen, Hongjing Li Hongjing Li, Yong Zhang Yong Zhang, Changbum Moon Changbum Moon, Woo Young Kim Woo Young Kim, and Chul Gyu Jhun Chul Gyu Jhun. "Thin-film encapsulation for top-emitting organic light-emitting diode with inverted structure." Chinese Optics Letters 12, no. 2 (2014): 022301–22303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.022301.

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Choi, Chaun Gi, and Byeong-Soo Bae. "Photo-Patternable Titanium Doped Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Gate Dielectric in Organic Thin Film Transistors." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 4679–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic27.

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Solution processable and photo-patternable titanium doped organic–inorganic hybrid material (MDT hybrimer) was prepared by simple sol–gel reaction for the gate dielectrics in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The MDT hybrimer is a typical nanocomposite which is fabricated via UV cross-linking of the nano-sized organo-oligosiloxanes. The photo-patternability of the MDT thin films was investigated using the UV light. The surface and electrical properties of MDT thin film were also investigated. The pentacene-based OTFT with MDT gate dielectrics was fabricated by using the top contact geometry. It is found that the OTFT with the MDT gate dielectrics showed a small hysteresis and good performance. The filed-effect mobility, threshold voltage, subthreshold slope and on/off current ratio of OTFT with MDT gate dielectric were 0.66 cm2V−1s−1, −14 V, 1.6 Vdec.−1, and 3 × 106, respectively.

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Sumardi, Anna, Muthia Elma, Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun, Aptar Eka Lestari, Zaini Lambri Assyaifi, Adi Darmawan, Dede Heri Yuli Yanto, Isna Syauqiah, Yanti Mawaddah, and Linda Suci Wati. "Designing a mesoporous hybrid organo-silica thin film prepared from an organic catalyst." Membrane Technology 2021, no. 2 (February 2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-2118(21)00029-x.

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Mustaffa, Najaa, Tatsuo Kaneko, Kenji Takada, Sumant Dwivedi, and Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak. "Fabrication of Aromatic Polyimide Films Derived from Diisocyanate with Fluorinated Dianhydride." Sains Malaysiana 52, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 1567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-18.

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The range of available structure combinations to synthesize polyimide (PI) makes it technically possible to have various universal methods of producing PI film. The molecular design, in which monomers used to synthesize PI are carefully selected to meet specific application requirements as it influenced the properties of PI films. This study aimed to outline the approach for film fabrication through the casting of highly organo-soluble polyimide derived from 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) with 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphtalic anhydride (6FDA) in different heating treatments. The solution drop amount was tested in order to control the films colour uniformity. A flexible and less crystalline MDI-6FDA film with an average thickness of 93 𝜇m was successfully developed with a tensile strength of up to 57 MPa and an elongation at break of 5%. The resulting MDI-6FDA film also demonstrated good optical transparency (T500 = 69%) with a cut-off wavelength at 371 nm and high thermal resistance (T5 = 574 ℃) with a Tg temperature of up to 238 ℃. The obtained film also shows good chemical resistance in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and tetrahydrofuran solvents. These outcomes serve as a guideline for the fabrication of polyimide films specifically derived from diisocyanate and dianhydride, with the potential advantages to be used in optical applications.

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Qian, Wei, Xiang Zhou Li, and Zhi Ping Wu. "Effects of Silane Coupling Agent/Organic Bentonite on Tea Saponin Intumescent Flame-Retardant Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1318.

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In this paper, silane coupling agent and organic modified bentonite were used in tea saponin intumescent flame-retardant coatings to improve the flowability, storage stability and film properties. The effects of silane coupling agent and organic modified bentonite on the flowability, storage stability and film properties were discussed, and flame resistance and pyrolysis performance of the flame-retardant coatings also were investigated. The results show that silane coupling agent can greatly improve the rheological properties, storage stability and film properties of the flame-retardant coating at the amount of 1.5%. Flame-retardant coatings have good dispersion properties and thixotropy, When bentonite modified with cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC-Bentonite) was introduced to the coatings. Fire resistance test and TG-DTG analysis showed that silane coupling agent/organic bentonite can promote the charring of the coatings and increase the amount of char, which protecting the internal substrates, reducing the thermal degradation rate. What's more, the flame retardancy of the materials was improved significantly owing to the increasing of the amount of residual carbon and the enhancing of thermal stability at a high temperature.

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Monippally, Mathukutty. "The Organic Firm: Managing by Persuasion." NHRD Network Journal 5, no. 4 (October 2012): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974173920120405.

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30

Huang, Y., B. V. Vuchic, M. Carmody, P. M. Baldo, K. L. Merkle, D. B. Buchholz, S. Mahajan, et al. "The mechanism of sputter-induced epitaxy modification in YBCO (001) films grown on MgO (001) substrates." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 12 (December 1998): 3378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0460.

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The sputter-induced epitaxy change of in-plane orientation occurring in YBa2Cu3O7-x (001) thin films grown on MgO (001) substrates by pulsed organo-metallic beam epitaxy (POMBE) is investigated by a series of film growth and characterization experiments, including RBS and TEM. The factors influencing the orientation change are systematically studied. The experimental results suggest that the substrate surface morphology change caused by the ion sputtering and the Ar ion implantation in the substrate surface layer are not the major factors that affect the orientation change. Instead, the implantation of W ions, which come from the hot filament of the ion gun, and the initial Ba deposition layer in the YBCO film growth play the most important roles in controlling the epitaxy orientation change. Microstructure studies show that a BaxMg1-xO buffer layer is formed on top of the sputtered substrate surface due to Ba diffusion into the W implanted layer. It is believed that the formation of this buffer layer relieves the large lattice mismatch and changes the YBCO film from the 45° oriented growth to the 0° oriented growth.

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31

Villela Junior, Luiz V. E., Jairo A. C. de Araújo, and Thiago L. Factor. "Estudo da utilização do efluente de biodigestor no cultivo hidropônico do meloeiro." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 7, no. 1 (April 2003): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662003000100012.

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Objetivando-se o aproveitamento do efluente de biodigestor no cultivo hidropônico do meloeiro, desenvolveu-se a presente pesquisa. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da UNESP, campus de Jaboticabal, cultivando-se o meloeiro (Cucumis melo L. cv. Bonus nº 2). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualisados, com 6 repetições, cujos tratamentos foram: 1) cultivo hidropônico em sistema fechado tipo NFT ("nutrient film technique") com uso de solução nutritiva organo-mineral (biofertilizante com complementação mineral); 2) cultivo hidropônico em sistema fechado tipo NFT, com uso de solução nutritiva 100% mineral; 3) cultivo hidropônico em sistema aberto, com substrato e solução nutritiva organo-mineral e 4) cultivo hidropônico em sistema aberto, com substrato e solução nutritiva 100% mineral. O biofertilizante e o substrato foram obtidos a partir do efluente de biodigestor, produzido com estrume bovino. As plantas cultivadas no tratamento 1 tiveram desenvolvimento prejudicado, devido ao acúmulo de partículas sólidas junto ao sistema radicular. O tratamento 2 proporcionou às plantas desenvolvimento vegetativo mais rápido e maior produtividade. Os frutos produzidos no tratamento 2 apresentaram maior peso, formato mais alongado e maior teor de sólidos solúveis totais. A substituição parcial de adubos minerais por biofertilizante mostrou-se possível em sistema hidropônico aberto com substrato.

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Oberholtzer, Lydia, Carolyn Dimitri, and Catherine Greene. "Adding value in the organic sector: Characteristics of organic producer–handlers." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 23, no. 03 (July 4, 2008): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170507002177.

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AbstractSales of organic food have soared over the past decade. Although nearly all organic commodities pass through the hands of at least one intermediary on the way from the farmer to the consumer, there is a dearth of literature examining organic food marketing, especially for the middle section of the supply chain. This paper uses new survey data on organic intermediaries (organic handlers) to characterize firms that are certified to both handle and produce organic foods, or organic producer–handlers. Because of their direct link to the production level, the producer–handler has the potential to provide insight into value-added activities in the organic sector. A logistic regression is estimated in order to identify characteristics that make it more likely that a firm would be both a certified organic handler and a certified organic producer, while survey results are also used to describe some of the main challenges these producer–handlers face in handling their products. Organic producer–handlers ranked problems with ingredient procurement and supply and international trade issues as the highest barriers to growth. The model indicated that with few exceptions, many of the operational and procurement characteristics of organic producer–handlers are comparable to the entire organic handling population. However, those facilities dedicated solely to organic handling and those certified longer are more likely to be organic producer–handlers. Use of direct markets by organic handlers has the most robust relationship in the model, although marketing to natural products independent retailers and wholesalers are also important.

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Diken, M. E., S. Doğan, Y. Turhan, and M. Doğan. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Acrylic Acid)/Organo-Modified Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposites: Thermal, Optical and Biocompatibility Properties." Advances in Materials Science 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2017-0041.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the structural, thermal, optical and biocompatibility properties of poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)/organo-modified nanohydroxyapatite (OM-nHAp) nanocomposites synthesized by solvent intercalation method. The characterization of PAA/OM-nHAp nanocomposites was made by different techniques. SEM and TEM results showed that OM-nHAp particles were dispersed in the nanoscale into PAA matrix and that they were uniformly distributed within film. Glass transition temperature of PAA increased with OM-nHAp content. Ultraviolet (UV) absorbance experiments showed that PAA had a higher UV transmission than its nanocomposites. The biocompatibility of nanocomposites was also examined in simulated body fluid.

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34

Oktavia, Febriani Cristina Susianti Magdalena, Hartoni, Eva Oktavini, and Krisnawati Tarigan. "Independent Corporate Governance Organ Busyness, Earnings Quality, And Market Mispricing: Evidence From Indonesia." Jurnal Akuntansi 27, no. 3 (September 22, 2023): 588–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/ja.v27i3.1735.

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This research aims to give empirical evidence of the impact of independent corporate governance organ's busyness on earnings quality and market mispricing. This research utilized a sample of non-financial firms. It investigated the effect of independent corporate governance organ's busyness on earnings management and earnings persistence using random-effect panel data regression. Furthermore, the Mishkin Test was used to investigate market mispricing. The results showed that the busyness of independent commissioners and independent audit committees had a positive effect on increasing the magnitude of earnings management and a negative impact on the persistence of the accrual component but did not cause market confusion in assessing the company's earnings components. Furthermore, it was discovered that the degree of independent director's business did not influence the magnitude of earnings management. Instead, it resulted in poor persistence of the accrual component and market uncertainty in assessing earnings components.

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35

Li, Baozhong, Tianbai He, Mengxian Ding, Ping Zhang, Fubin Gao, and Feng Jing. "Optical anisotropy of flexible polyimide thin films." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 5 (May 1998): 1368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0194.

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Optical anisotropy of thin films of an organo-soluble flexible polyimide based on 1,4-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) benzene dianhydride (HQDPA) and 2,2-dimethyl-4,4′-methylene dianiline (DMMDA) was detected by a prism-coupler technique. A mechanism is proposed, based on the model of gel film collapse. The degrees of optical anisotropy of the thin films were evaluated via the level of negative birefringence. The residual solvent in the films lessens the levels of negative birefringence so that the residual solvent must be evacuated. The levels of negative birefringence are independent on the solid content of the initial solution, but dependent on the thickness of the films. For a film of 16 μm thick, zero birefringence was achieved, postulated from the dependence of negative birefringence on the thickness of thin films. The relationship between the optical anisotropy and solution properties shows that the degrees of optical anisotropy of thin films on the same scale of thickness depend on macromolecular sizes in their dilute solutions.

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36

Vidyasagar, Devthade, Yong-Han Yun, Seunghak Shin, Jina Jung, Woosung Park, Jin-Wook Lee, Gill Sang Han, Changhyun Ko, and Sangwook Lee. "In-Situ Nano-Auger Probe of Chloride-Ions during CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Perovskite Formation." Materials 14, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051102.

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Organo-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as next-generation photovoltaics, owing to their high power-conversion efficiency (PCE), lower production cost, and high flexibility. ABX3-structured methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3 or MAPbI3) perovskite is a widely studied light-absorbing material in PSCs. Interestingly, a small amount of chlorine incorporation into MAPbI3 increases charge carrier diffusion lengths (from 129 nm to 1069 nm), which enables planar structured PSCs with high PCEs. However, existence of chloride ions in the final perovskite film is still under debate. Contrastingly, few studies reported a negligible amount or absence of chloride ions in the final film, while others reported detection of chloride ions in the final film. Herein, we observed the microstructure and chlorine content of MAPbI3−xClx thin films with increasing temperature via an in-situ nano-Auger spectroscopy and in-situ scanning electron microscopic analysis. The relative precipitation of MAPbI3−xClx films occur at lower temperature and MAPbI3−xClx grains grow faster than those of MAPbI3 grains. Local concentrations of chlorine at intragrain and the vicinity of grain boundary were analyzed to understand the behavior and role of the chloride ions during the microstructural evolution of the MAPbI3−xClx films.

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37

Jakher, Somvir, and Rekha Yadav. "Organic Thin-Film Transistor: A Review of the Transport Model, Operating Principle, and Different Structures." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (October 5, 2023): 967–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr231011154949.

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38

Printseva, Maria, Irina Claptyuk, and Tatyana Teplyakova. "STUDY OF THERMAL DEGRADATION OF FIRE-RETARDANT INTUMESCENT COMPOSITIONS BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY." Scientific and analytical journal «Vestnik Saint-Petersburg university of State fire service of EMERCOM of Russia» 2024, no. 2 (July 14, 2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.61260/2218-130x-2024-2-1-10.

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An infrared spectroscopy study of changes in chemical composition as a result of thermal destruction of flame-retardant bulging coatings based on an acrylic organo-soluble binder, as well as on a vinyl water-soluble binder, was carried out. Absorption bands characteristic of flame retardant components and binders included in the coatings under study have been established. The absorption bands undergoing the most significant changes at temperatures from 100 to 500 °C are selected and the optical densities of the selected bands are calculated. Using the ratio of the optical densities of the selected absorption bands, spectral criteria for each temperature were calculated and calibration dependences were constructed, which subsequently allowed them to be used to determine the degree of thermal damage to the studied flame retardant coatings. It is shown that the IR spectroscopy method will allow solving issues related to the study of flame-retardant bulging coatings and their residues formed as a result of temperature exposure in a fire.

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39

Ashurov, N., B. L. Oksengendler, S. E. Maksimov, S. Rashiodva, A. R. Ishteev, D. S. Saranin, I. N. Burmistrov, D. V. Kuznetsov, and A. A. Zakhisov. "Current state and perspectives for organo-halide perovskite solar cells: Crystal structures and thin film formation, morphology, processing, degradation, stability improvement by carbon nanotube." Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering 20, no. 3 (December 9, 2017): 153–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1609-3577-2017-3-153-193.

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The fundamental problems of the modern state of the studies of organic-inorganic organo-halide perovskites (OHP) as basis for high efficiency thin film solar cells are discussed. Perovskite varieties and background properties are introduced. The chronology of development of the studies in this direction has been presented — structural aspects of these OHP perovskites, from early 2D to recent 3D MAPbI3 perovskites and important technological aspects of smooth thin film structure creation by various techniques, such as solvent engineering, spin- and dip-coating, vacuum deposition, cation exchange approach, nanoimprinting (particularly, a many-sided role of polymers). The most important theoretical problems such as electronic structure of lattice, impurity and defect states in pure and mixed perovskites, suppressed electron-hole recombination, extra-long lifetimes, and diffusion lengths are analyzed. Degradation effects associated with moisture and photo irradiation, as well as degradation of metallic electrodes to OHP solar cells have been considered. The application of carbon nanostructures: carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene as stable semitransparent charge collectors to OHP perovskites is demonstrated on the example of original results of authors.

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40

Yang, Yanhua, Pan Jin, Jinzhang Liu, Shijin Ding, Lin Chen, Yueying Chu, and Yingzhong Shen. "Ternary memory property of novel polyimide with backbone carbazole moiety and pendant triphenylamine moiety." High Performance Polymers 31, no. 6 (May 31, 2018): 640–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008318778762.

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The polyimide (TPA-Cz PI) was synthesized by the reaction of 9-(4′-(4′-diphenylamino)phenylbenzyl)-3,6-diaminocarbazole with 2,2′,3,3′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride through a classical two-step polymerization process. It exhibited excellent organo-solubility and self-extinguishing property. The synthesized TPA-Cz PI shown excellent film formation. The TPA-Cz PI film sandwiched between an indium tin oxide bottom electrode and Al top electrode. And the fabricated memory device exhibited ternary rewritable storage property in the bias with good data retention and the current ratio of 104:102:1 for ON2, ON1, and OFF states. Its current conduction mechanism by the I-V curves of different conduction models based on the experimental data was analyzed and used to illuminate the physical nature of resistance switching effects. The experimental result indicates that field-induced conformational ordering of the TPA-Cz PI chains and charge-transfer interaction between electron-donor and electron-withdrawing are responsible for the switching behavior. This work can provide a sketch for the design and selection of ternary state resistance random access memory materials in future research.

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Wang, Yong, Gongqing Chen, Fangzhou Yang, Zihao Luo, Bihe Yuan, Xianfeng Chen, and Liancong Wang. "Serendipity discovery of fire early warning function of chitosan film." Carbohydrate Polymers 277 (February 2022): 118884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118884.

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42

Oberholtzer, Lydia, Carolyn Dimitri, and Edward C. Jaenicke. "International trade of organic food: Evidence of US imports." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 28, no. 3 (May 16, 2012): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170512000191.

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AbstractOver the past decade, organic food sales and farmland have grown rapidly worldwide. As the US market for organic food has expanded, anecdotal evidence indicates that imports of organic food have increased. US organic handlers may be importing to meet consumer demand for out-of-season products, as well as products not grown domestically. Handlers may also be importing organic products that are in short supply or to reduce input costs. This paper provides the first examination of imports of organic products into the USA. Data from a national survey of certified organic handlers in 2007 are used to examine the extent, types and origins of imported organic commodities. A Heckman model is employed to investigate the factors that influence an organic handler's decision to import organic products, and the level at which organic handlers import a product. Summary results show that while many of the products being imported into the USA are those that cannot be produced domestically, such as coffee and tropical fruits, some oft-imported commodities are those that can be produced in the USA, such as soybeans, wheat, barley and berries. The summary results also show that organic handlers are procuring almost a half of their imported products from a few countries, including Canada, China, Mexico, Brazil and Indonesia. In the econometric analysis, we found those handlers prioritizing local suppliers negatively affected the facility's decision to import products. The use of a social label, such as Fair Trade, positively affected a handler's decision to import. The size of organic sales was important to both the decision to import and the share imported, with larger firms more likely to import and smaller firms less likely to import. However, once a smaller firm had decided to import, they imported a larger share. Finally, our analysis found that experiencing limited supplies or prioritizing price with suppliers did not influence a handler's decision to import products. Based on the findings, we suggest future research avenues, including studies that address consumer preferences and the impact of increased imports on domestic organic farms.

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43

Yang, Yang, Liping Ma, and Jianhua Wu. "Organic Thin-Film Memory." MRS Bulletin 29, no. 11 (November 2004): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.237.

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AbstractRecently, organic nonvolatile memory devices have attracted considerable attention due to their low cost and high performance. This article reviews recent developments in organic nonvolatile memory and describes in detail an organic electrical bistable device (OBD) that has potential for applications. The OBD consists of a tri-layer of organics/metal nanoclusters/organics sandwiched between top and bottom electrodes. A sufficiently high applied bias causes the metal nanoparticle layer to become polarized, resulting in charge storage near the two metal/organic interfaces. This stored charge lowers the resistance of the device and leads to an electrical switching behavior. The ON and OFF states of an OBD differ in their conductivity by several orders of magnitude and show remarkable bistability—once either state is reached, the device tends to remain in that state for a prolonged period of time. More important, the conductivity states of an OBD can be precisely controlled by the application of a positive voltage pulse (to write) or a negative voltage pulse (to erase). Device performance tests show that the OBD is a promising candidate for high-density, low-cost electrically addressable data storage applications.

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44

Klauk, Hagen. "Organic thin-film transistors." Chemical Society Reviews 39, no. 7 (2010): 2643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b909902f.

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Cai, Jia-Wei, Li-Xing Li, Chao Xu, Yang Feng, Ya-Nan Zhong, Jian-Long Xu, Xu Gao, and Sui-Dong Wang. "Organic thin film memcapacitors." Applied Physics Letters 114, no. 4 (January 28, 2019): 043302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5080115.

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46

YASE, Kiyoshi. "Organic Thin Film Transistor." Kobunshi 53, no. 2 (2004): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.53.85.

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47

Matsushige, Kazumi. "Organic Ultra Thin Film." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 95, no. 887 (1992): 888–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.95.887_888.

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48

Reese, Colin, Mark Roberts, Mang-mang Ling, and Zhenan Bao. "Organic thin film transistors." Materials Today 7, no. 9 (September 2004): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-7021(04)00398-0.

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49

Shinar, Joseph. "Organic thin-film magnetometers." Nature Materials 11, no. 8 (July 24, 2012): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3390.

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Brehmer, Ludwig, Yvette Kaminorz, Gerd Grasnick, and Georg Herkner. "Organic thin film pyrosensors." Macromolecular Symposia 102, no. 1 (January 1996): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19961020146.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Organon (Firm)'

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