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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Organophosphate compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Cabrera, Sandra F. "Chemical sensors for urea and organophosphate nerve agents." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3221401.

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2

Cattani, Marcus P. S. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos." Thesis, Cattani, Marcus P.S. (2004) Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/509/.

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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and ery

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Cattani, Marcus P. S. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040921.121425.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2004.<br>Thesis submitted to the Division of Science and Engineering. Includes article published in Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2001, v. 45 (4), p. 299-308. Bibliography: leaves 267-278.

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4

Somerse, Vernon Sydwill. "Mercaptobenzothiazole-on-Gold Biosensor Systems for Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticide Compounds." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1006_1264535891.

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<p>This study firstly reports the development, characterisation, and application of thick-film acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors based on a gold electrode modified with a mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) self-assembled monolayer and either poly(omethoxyaniline) (POMA) or poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline) (PDMA) in the presence of polystyrene(4-sulphonic acid) (PSSA). The Au/MBT/POMA-PSSA/AChE and Au/MBT/PDMA-PSSA/AChE biosensors were then applied to successfully detect standard organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer, 0.1 M KCl (pH 7.2) solution. Secondly, it reports th

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Paliwal, Sheetal Simonian Aleksandr L. "Development of enzyme-based biosensors for the detection of organophosphate neurotoxins." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Materials_Engineering/Dissertation/Paliwal_Sheetal_0.pdf.

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6

Armstrong, Kenneth Mark. "Catalytic synthesis of organophosphate plastics additives from white phosphorus." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2587.

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Triaryl phosphates were synthesized from white phosphorus and phenols in aerobic conditions and in the presence of iron catalysts and iodine. Full conversion to phosphates was achieved without the use of chlorine or chlorinated solvents, and the reactions do not produce acid waste. Triphenyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate and tris(2,4-di-tert-butyl)phenyl phosphate were synthesized by this method with 100% conversion from P₄. Various iron(III) diketonates were used to catalyse the conversion. Mechanistic studies showed the reaction to proceed via the formation of phosphorus triiodide (PI₃), the

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7

Butala, Rahul R. "Salen Aluminum Compounds in the Dealkylation and Detection of Organophosphates." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/47.

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The focus of this dissertation is the use of aluminum Schiff base compounds, Salen(tBu)AlBr (SAB), in the dealkylation and detection of organophosphates (OPs). Three SAB compounds, Salen(tBu)AlBr (1), Salpen(tBu)AlBr (2), and Salophen(tBu)AlBr (3) were used to dealkylate a variety of trialkyl OPs. These reactions lead to unique organic-soluble aluminum phosphate compounds containing six-coordinate aluminum. Examples include [salen(tBu)AlOP(O)(OCH3)2]n (4), [salen(tBu)AlOP(O)(OCH2CH3)2]n (5), [salen(tBu)AlOP(O)(OPh)2]n (6), [Salophen(tBu)AlOP(O)(OCH3)2 (7), Salpen(tBu)AlOOP(O)(OiPr)2 (8). These

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8

Duberg, Daniel. "Identification of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFR) in building materials." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-64604.

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Humans today spend most of their time in various indoor settings such as housing, schools and workplaces. The quality of the indoor environment is therefore of great significance for our wellbeing. However, it has been suggested that the indoor environment contains over 6000 organic compounds, such as various volatile organic compounds (VOC). Around 500 of these compounds is believed to be due to emissions from different surrounding building materials such as insulation, plastic film, sealants and flooring. This study targeted building materials from three low energy preschools that were sampl

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9

Li, Wan-Fen. "Development of a mouse model to study the role of paraoxonase (PON1) in organophosphate detoxication /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8447.

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10

Jackson, Brendan R. "No Observed Adverse Effects: Developing Neurons, Organophosphate Insecticides, and the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08092007-145203/.

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Physicians are familiar with organophosphates (OPs) as a classic, though obscure, cause of cholinergic poisoning. Many opportunities for human exposure existsixty million pounds of OPs are applied as insecticides to sixty million acres of U.S. land each year, and, until recently, over one-fifth of Americans used these chemicals in their homes. Most physicians, however, still know little about the dangers that these pesticides pose to the developing nervous system. By the late 1980s, toxicologists increasingly recognized that toxicants such as lead and mercury, even at doses well-below the leve

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11

McCain, Wilfred C. "Effects of organophosphate esters on blood vessels: a physiological, pharmacological, and histological assessment of involvement in organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39396.

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12

Pomeroy-Black, Melinda J. "Early Effects of Organophosphate Compounds on In Vitro Intracellular Signaling and Levels of Active Neurotrophin Receptors, and on In Vivo Neurotrophin Concentrations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29714.

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Organophosphorus (OP) compounds are found in household pest control products, plastics, and petroleum. Due to the neurotoxic nature of OP compounds, exposure can cause both acute and delayed symptoms, including organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). This syndrome is characterized by Wallerian-like degeneration of nerves in the central and peripheral nervous system after exposure to neuropathic OP compounds. There are many questions surrounding the mechanisms of the onset of OPIDN, including possible alterations in proteins associated with neuronal maintenance and repair. This

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13

Williams, Anna Rachel. "Using flow through reactors to study the non-reductive biomineralization of uranium phosphate minerals." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43701.

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Uranium contaminations of the subsurface in the vicinity of nuclear materials processing sites pose a health risk as the uranyl ion in its oxidized state, U(VI), is highly mobile in aquifers. Current remediation strategies such as pump and treat or excavation are invasive and expensive to implement on a large scale. In situ bioremediation represents an alternative strategy that uses the ability of local microbial communities to immobilize contaminants and is actively studied for uranium remediation. The immobilization of U(VI) in groundwater is achieved either by bioreduction to solid uran

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14

Cardona, Diana Maria Chica. "A procura de bactérias degradadoras de metamidofós." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-30052012-091507/.

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O metamidofós é um inseticida organofosforado altamente tóxico por ser um forte inibidor da acetilcolinesterase, sendo utilizado em diversas culturas para o controle de pragas. Há poucas informações sobre a biodegradação deste composto disponíveis na literatura. Foram isoladas e caracterizadas 12 bactérias a partir de amostras de solo e água de uma área contaminada com metamidofós, as quais mostraram inicialmente capacidade de degradar o pesticida, utilizando-o como fonte de enxofre/nitrogênio e fósforo/enxofre. Estes isolados foram identificados por métodos de biologia molecular e pela caract

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15

Freitas, Célia de Jesus Pereira. "Resistência de populações do caruncho do milho a inseticidas fosforados." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2007. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4006.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 425912 bytes, checksum: f916df0f0bb071da87434b28d89e5189 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-16<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an important pest of stored maize because of the losses caused. This insect has been studied for responding to selection pressure for insecticide resistance, which impairs its control. In the present study, we carried out a survey of physiological and behavioral resistance to two

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16

Rodrigues, Vera Lucia. "Reações de obtenção de NOx empregado no processo Humifert para a produção de compostos organofosfatados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072011-093332/.

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O processo Humifert é uma alternativa para produção de compostos fertilizantes fosfatados, com solubilização mais lenta do que os fertilizantes tradicionais, resultando em um tempo de nutrição da planta maior. No processo, utilizam-se rochas fosfáticas com algum tipo de limitação para o aproveitamento normal, seja pelos teores menores, seja por dificuldades de tratamento industrial dos minérios, além de materiais orgânicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi melhorar o equipamento existente no Instituto de Geociências, para tornar possível condições de produção de NOx, no Processo Humifert, capaz d

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17

McGarry, Kevin G. Jr. "Reengineering Butyrylcholinesterase for the Catalytic Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555481894515424.

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18

Nostrandt, Amy Carol. "Development of a model cell culture system in which to study early effects of neuropathy-inducting organophosphates." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39422.

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19

Voorhees, Jaymie Richelle. "Cognitive impairment and neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease are malleable: occupational chlorpyrifos exposure exacerbates phenotypes, while the neuroprotective compound P7C3 ameliorates effects in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5871.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of peoples’ lives worldwide. While the consequences of AD are recognizable, the etiology is unclear. Gene-environment interactions have been implicated in the development of the disease, and exposure to organophosphorus (OPs) compounds is one of the environmental factors associated with AD. Evidence links exposure to levels of OPs encountered in agriculture, horticulture, and other work places with neurodegenerative disease, psychiatric illness, and sensorimotor deficits. Unfortunately, the mechanisms und

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20

Lee, Iwa. "Developmental neurotoxicity of persistent and non-persistent pollutants : Behavioral and neurochemical assessments of a perfluorinated compound, pesticides and interaction effects." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för organismbiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-261742.

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The focus of this thesis was to investigate developmental neurotoxic effects of different persistent and non-persistent environmental pollutants, alone or in binary mixtures, when exposure occurs during a critical period of brain development, in mice. The compounds investigated included a perfluorinated compound, perfluorohexane sulphonate (PFHxS), and four different pesticides, endosulfan, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and carbaryl. Both persistent and non-persistent pollutants are detected in the environment and in humans, which shows that exposure to these compounds is occurring in real life.

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21

Clery, Cécile. "Effets de la pression sur les propriétés catalytiques et la stabilité des cholinestérases." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10030.

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Les cholinesterases sont les cibles principales des organophores (neurotoxiques de guerre, pesticides) ; ces composes agissent selon un mecanisme d'inhibition irreversible. Les enzymes inhibees par les organophosphores, ayant subi une reaction de dealkylation (mecanisme de vieillissement) ne peuvent etre reactivees par des composes nucleophiles. La mise au point d'une therapeutique plus efficace de l'intoxication organophosphoree est conditionnee par une meilleure comprehension du fonctionnement, de la structure et de la stabilite des cholinesterases. L'action de la pression, en perturbant l'a

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22

Bailey, Bonnie J. "Hemoglobin adducts of the organophosphate insecticide azinphos-methyl." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33332.

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Reported here is an investigation to determine if azinphos-methyl (AZM), an organophosphate insecticide, adducts to hemoglobin, and if so, whether the hemoglobin adduct could be used as a quantitative marker of occupational AZM exposure. We hypothesized that AZM, or a metabolite of AZM, binds to hemoglobin in erythrocytes forming an adducted protein. We administered radiolabled AZM to rats and found a stable, dose-dependent association of radioactivity with hemoglobin. The decline in hemoglobin-associated radioactivity followed the expected kinetics of erythrocyte turnover in rats. We examined

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23

Ng, Tee-Kheang. "Directed evolution of an organophosphate hydrolase : methyl parathion hydrolase." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151684.

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Organophosphates (OPs) are the most common pesticides used in agriculture. Although they can be broken down in nature, OPs pose a severe health hazard to human due to their inhibitory effect on acetylcholine, a major enzyme in nervous transmission. Therefore, detoxification of water and soil contaminated by OPs is important. One way of achieving this is by bioremediation of sites with OP-degrading enzymes. One such enzyme is methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH) isolated from Pseudomonas sp. WBC-3. MPH is a highly efficient enzyme that is capable of hydrolysing methyl parathion at near diffusion-li

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24

Silva, Ana Beatriz Precatado da. "Internship Report and Monography entitled "Endocrine disruptors present in food and their role in female infertility"." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99138.

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Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia<br>Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, a infertilidade é um problema de Saúde Pública que afeta cerca de 48 milhões de casais e 186 indivíduos em todo o mundo. Muitos motivos de diferentes naturezas estão por trás deste problema, sendo os desreguladores endócrinos um dos que levanta mais preocupações, dado que se trata de uma problemática que tende e evoluir com a evolução da própria sociedade. Muitos tipos de químicos são utilizados na indústria alimentar, podendo facilmente entrar na

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25

Tshabalala, Oupa Samuel. "The development of FT-Raman techniques to quantify the hydrolysis of Cobalt (III) nitrophenylphosphate complexes using multivariate data analysis." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23202.

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The FT-Raman techniques were developed to quantify reactions that follow on mixing aqueous solutions of bis-(1,3-diaminopropane)diaquacobalt( III) ion ([Co(tn)2(0H)(H20)]2+) and p-nitrophenylphosphate (PNPP). For the development and validation of the kinetic modelling technique, the well-studied inversion of sucrose was utilized. Rate constants and concentrations could be estimated using calibration solutions and modelling methods. It was found that the results obtained are comparable to literature values. Hence this technique could be further used for the [Co(tn)2(0H)(H20)]2+ assiste

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26

Wheeler, Dale E. "The chemistry of para-tolylimidovanadium V trichloride: synthesis and characterization of dialkyldithiocarbamate and related derivatives and of bis(organophosphine)vanadium IV complexes." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22175.

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27

Muniz, Juan Fermin. "Biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13998.

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Pesticides are among the most pervasive environmental contaminants and they are an important potential risk for human health. Agricultural workers are constantly exposed to pesticide spray, drift and residues in the soil and foliage. Many agricultural pesticides are readily absorbed by the body, through contact with the skin, the respiratory track, the eyes, and the gastrointestinal system. Multiple studies have reported a strong association between pesticide exposure and various health outcomes including cancer. Oxidative stress and DNA damage have been proposed as mechanisms linking pesticid

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