Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Orientalisme (littérature)'
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Gallien, Claire. "Connaître et imaginer l'Orient dans la littérature anglaise du XVIIIème siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040133/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the relationships between the academic and the general representations of the Orient in eighteenth-century English literature. It uncovers a network of interactions which defines both cultures, and it demonstrates that the oriental vogue and knowledge of the Orient are not antithetical phenomena. Indeed, the two distinct types of discourses on the Orient function mimetically and develop ambivalent positions. Representations of the Orient in eighteenth-century English literature cannot be reduced to a pseudo-oriental craze. They are part of an enduring process of knowledge formation, which did not stop in 1705 with the translation from the French of Galland's Arabian Nights Entertainments and then suddenly reappeared in 1784 with the founding of the Asiatic Society in Calcutta. This thesis exposes a moment in time when, contrary to what had happened before, scholarship met with and actively sought a broad readership, as it also unveils the reciprocal influence of the English taste on the translations of Oriental texts and, conversely, of the oriental style on the formation of an English literary canon
Alsaid, Mouna. "L’image de l’Orient chez quelques écrivains français (Lamartine, Nerval, Barrès, Benoit) : naissance, évolution et déclin d'un mythe orientaliste de l'ère coloniale." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20061/document.
Full textOur study focuses on the concept of “the image of the other” we will try to analyze the problematic of the other: stranger, exterior and distant which are represented in the oriental man in his natural surrounding – this analysis will be tackled in many different angles through the works of Lamartine, Gerard de Nerval, Mauris Barrès and Pierre Benoit.The works we want to study are fragments and pieces of a vast puzzle of a long history that connected two parts of the globe, the Orient and the West.We will study the oriental novels and voyage recitals of each author that traveled the Middle East and the Levant, even though their ravels were in different years.In the frame of our study, we chose a certain course of study that stresse two distinguished traits: the first one is the time, the romantic era in the first half of the XIXthe century, and the colonial era in the first half of the XXthe century. The second trait is the place of travels which focuses on the Orient and particularly the Middle East. In the concurrence of the two criterias, we found four works that will be the field of study of our definitive study:- Lamartine, Alphonse de, Souvenir, Impressions, Pensées et Paysages pendant un Voyage en Orient ou Notes d’un voyageur, 1835, Œuvres complètes, Tome VI, VII, VIII, Paris, Charles Gosselin, Furne et Cie éditeurs, 1861.- Nerval, Gérard de, Voyage en Orient, 1855.- Barrès, Maurice :• Une Enquête aux pays du Levant, Paris, Plon, 1923, 2 vol.• Un Jardin sur l’Oronte, Paris, Plon, 1922, 160 p.- Benoit, Pierre, La châtelaine du Liban, Paris, Albin Michel, 1924.In the beginning of this study, it’s necessary to shed the light on the oriental knowledge gained through precedent centuries which will be studied through the activities of the diplomats and the missionaries, and there will be a chronological review which will fixate on the images of the Orient through the centuries.The second part of the study, concentrating on Lamartine and Nerval, Sheds the light on the role played by Lamartine and Nerval (those two authors) in the development of journey recital in the Orient in the XIXthe century.The movement of overtures is manifested in an ideal manner by Lamartine who is the author of Voyage en Orient 1835. He put his effort to establish a bridge between the different cultures. In fact, Lamartine didn’t overlook any occasion to parallel the Orient and the West. It was appropriate for him to picture a harmonious encounter between two worlds regarded as different, but who, in fact, are complimentary. A movement towards the other spurted from his book Voyage en Orient and was prolonged in Nerval’s book Voyage en Orient where the traveler disguises as an Arab to move freely in an oriental society.In the third part of this study, we will see that the essentially euphoric representation of the romantic Orient opposed the vision of the XXthe century that pictured he Orient as non-romantic but an exotic colonial from the dawn of the First world war.In the twenties of the twentieth century, the Orient was the common reference that assures the ambiguity of this part of the world. This period of colonial expansion which marks the Orient/West history is analyzed in many books by Barrès and Benoit. We will see, in any way, how each of those writers “Barrès and Benoit” reflected his period by the comprehension of the other. Ad also, how their thoughts were the founder of a new vision of the Orient.This short brief of my journey and its successive steps gives the prime idea for the spirit hat animates this work and shows its benefit
Fernandez-Alamoudi, Carmen. "Vathek, le défi de Beckford à la littérature française." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/fernandez-alamoudi_c.
Full text"Vathek", fantastic oriental tale, published in 1787 has been regarded as an hapax in French literature, for it has the peculiarity of belonging to two national literatures. Thought written initially in French, the English translation (London, 1786) was published before the French original. Because of this controversial birth, Vathek was doomed with a paradoxical fate. It has gained recognition in England through its translation, whereas in France it has only benefited from a confidential fame. To this lack of recognition was added another type of devalorisation : the concealment of the work by the myth created around the author. To day Beckford' biography has attracted more interest than his works. For these reasons the present study intends to explore "Vathek" through an essentially literary perspective. This outlook focuses on the notion of challenge, which is in our sense, fundamental to Beckford. While choosing to write "Vathek" directly in French, Beckford casts a challenge to French literature, but also to his native culture, hence becoming a traitor to his own language. Challenge as well to the compartmentalization between genres and registers, because Vathek can be read at the same time as an oriental tale, a fantastic tale, an initiation tale and the parody of three. The complexity of the work and its contradictions, the constant mixture of the tragic and the comic, prompted a comprehensive approach and a dialectic proceeding. Without aiming to exhaustiveness, this study proposes to analyze Vathek and the Episodes according to the wider prism. "Vathek", as a tale of transgression, literary, but also moral, social and religious, can be considered as a challenge. For it constitutes an act of dissidence and a vindication of the Self
Lee, Chaeyoung. "Un mystique qui ne croit à rien : de l'occident à l'orient : l'itinéraire spirituel de Flaubert dans "les trois contes" et "la correspondance"." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040036.
Full textAs expressed Flaubert about his complex religious position in his correspondence "In my deep base, I'm mystic and I don't believe in anything", our thesis refers to this mysticism without belief. This study consists on examinig Flaubert's religious character within the perspective related to to the religious' syncretism. Taking into account the relation between his personal situation and his interests on various religions in 1870's, we could notice how Flaubert's religious syncretism' approach has been established. Since he has been interested in Buddhism, its influence could be underlined on "les Trois contes (Three tales)": from the temptation on Oriental's inscribed in the structure of the collection of the three stories to the interpretation of Buddhism, based on Buddhist studies undertaken by the author. This oriental prospect's approach shown on "les trois contes" is significant from two different points of view: on the one hand, it becomes a temptation to determine Flaubert's religious syncretism and on the other hand, it gives us another opinion of the texts of "les Trois contes"
Pollet, Jean-Jacques. "Essai sur la littérature fantastique allemande du début du XXe siècle (1900-1930)." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100106.
Full textCartoux, Cédric. "Représentations du Japon et des japonais dans la littérature française depuis la crise de Heisei." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30058.
Full textThis thesis extends the existing studies on Japan's image in France and Europe from the Meiji era (1868-1912). It analyzes the literary production in France, as well as some movies and comics, as they have been developping since the Heisei era (1990 and 2010). It argues that despite the progress of knowledge and attitudes, the French observer continues to view Japan, Japanese, Japanese things, from a point of view far less comprehensive and informed than critical if not quite negative. It bases its scrutiny upon the methods of literary imagology, which determines the place, role, the meaning of the representation of a country in a given work from specific features (naming, hierarchical distance, plot, personal myth)
Gaden, Élodie. "Ecrits littéraires de femmes en Egypte francophone : la femme "nouvelle" de 1897-1961." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENL007.
Full textAn important literary production emerged and developed in Egypt from the end of the 19th century until the 1960's: Egyptian women educated in French culture (like Out-el-Kouloub or Doria Shafik) chose this language to write the ambitions of the “new woman”, who was abandoning the private and confined space of the harem and investing public space to loudly proclaim cultural and social demands (feminism, nationalism), despite secular reluctance and resistance from conservatives. At the same time, French women such as Jehan d'Ivray or Valentine Saint-Point, settled to live in Egypt, and became witnesses and actors of this cultural renaissance. These authors adopted various literary genres such as the novel and poetry but also the essay or academic writing, publishing in periodicals or founding magazines in order to express themselves. They question the contradiction between so-called women's and men's literary genres, while contributing to the creation of intercultural literature which encompasses both French and Egyptian traditions. At the same time, they propose a reassessment of the representations of women and the East. This women's literature forms a large production which nevertheless remains relatively unknown as it is rarely republished or read today, even though it often received considerable attention from both readers and literary institutions at the time of publication. This thesis builds a corpus, identifying, collecting and classifying the works before analyzing them. It aims at writing a forgotten chapter of literary history while examining the status of women's literature and francophone literature in the critical tradition
Takhar, Jennifer. "L' Orientalisme, la race et la représentation : un parcours littéraire de Zola à Tahar Ben Jelloun." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030044.
Full textLooking more specifically at French Orientalism, colonialism and writings on biological racism in nineteenth century pseudo-scientific discourse, right through to Tahar Ben Jelloun’s exposure and textual riposte to this racism, I hope to trace a genealogy of race awareness and racial discrimination in France and underscore the very gendered nature of racial taxonomies as they are presents in nineteenth century canonical French literature. Very often we find, as Madeleine Dobies argues, that the Orient or Other is feminized and the feminine is orientalised. For instance in Balzac’s novella, La Fille aux yeux d’or (1835) all Parisian women are figured as cloistered odalisque types, describe with the use of anthropological and botanical language which serve to other and orientalize them. Describing women as orientales makes them irredeemably other and provides a titillating gloss to the western female, boosting her sexual credentials. However this othering also reveals the condition of French women who are sexually stimulating as long as they remains indoors. Such literary representations show that the French tradition of orientalism does not always directly represent French colonial subjects or situations. Rather, the allegories about otherness in French orientalism tend to be literary figurations that detour or displace the problems of the colonial encounter; in effect colonialism is often not named or addressed. Biological difference then, particularly in the nineteenth century, serves as a cloaked analogy for racial difference
Salmon, Olivier. "Alep dans la littérature de voyage européenne pendant la période ottomane." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040063.
Full textThe thesis establishes a corpus of more than four hundred European travellers and authors, passed or not through Aleppo during the Ottoman period (1516-1918), whose works evoke the Syrian metropolis within travel literature. As economic, cultural and religious centre located at the crossroads between Europe, Asia and Africa, Aleppo is a place of transit or residence for many travellers coming for different motivations. Their travel accounts can take many forms and are influenced by classical rhetorical models, particularly the praise of the city generating some topoi: the city is clean and well built, its air is pure and its gardens pleasant, the inhabitants are refined and tolerant. These topoi are scattered in time, space as well as in many literary genres. Their diffusion is favoured by the intertextual practices, but they do not reflect a specific European perspective, as Eastern sources – oral and written – take part in constructing knowledge about the city. The originality of Aleppo lies in scarcity of Christian, Greco-Roman and Crusaders recollections, which leads to low presence in the nineteenth century despite the importance of the city. This paradox reveals what European travellers look mainly for: themselves through their own history
Hanna, Maya. "Alchimie de la substance dans l'oeuvre de Salah Stétié." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00695837.
Full textDelvallez, Legendre Sophie. "Les influences hispano-orientales dans l’oeuvre poétique, graphique et dramatique de Victor Hugo (1820-1860)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20011/document.
Full textIn this thesis, firstly we investigate the origins of the Moorish Spanish context by showing how XIXth century society is turned towards the Orient and how Art is permeated by this new world in particular due to the influences of orientalism and romanticism. We discuss Hugo’s oriental iconography through his personal memoirs, notes from his travel journals, taking into account his biography but also by studying figures and movements symbolic of Hugo’s orient as depicted in Moorish Spanish painting and literature. Secondly, we look into the Moorish Spanish world and its recurrent themes. We illustrate how Moorish Spanish culture influenced Hugo’s writings. Lastly, we delve into Hugo’s Spanish soul with all its phantasmagorical and esoteric elements. Every human passion can be found in this Moorish Spanish world which allows Hugo to reveal his true inner character
Boulaâbi, Ridha. ""Un détour par l'Orient" : la fascination pour les langues orientales dans la littérature française contemporaine." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0008.
Full textMany French writers at the end of the Nineteenth Century (Aragon, Michaux, Barthes, Ollier, Macé. . . ) display in their works a huge fascination for those distant languages that have no link with the Western world or with the Latin alphabet, such as Arabic (Aragon, Ollier), Egyptian hieroglyphics (Macé), Japanese (Barthes) or Chinese. This very diverse group, seemingly without any coherence, finds its unity in the figure of the imaginary Orient, conceived as a place that is totally different and thereby renewing narrative forms. This ‘detour via the Orient’ appears, paradoxically, like the discovery of a double alterity: confrontation with a totally different civilization allows the writer, by the same token, to explore the ‘space within’, to explore the Orient that co-exists inside the writer alongside the Western element of their personality. The Orient of languages thus opens up a creative trajectory in which is harmonized the world of the inside as well as distant countries, travel and literature
Zaraket-Belabed, Raïd. "La poétique de l'espace méditerranéen comme source d'écriture et réflexion identitaire à travers l'expression de l'algérianité (première moitié du XXe siècle)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30012.
Full textThe Mediterranean area has often been at the core of literary thinking through a quest for an identity or a consecration of human history. Mediterranean writings reflect a questioning which is at once historical, philosophical and literary upon peoples’ destinies as those writings are intimately related to colonialism. A true literary identity built up from one side of the Mediterranean Sea to another as a conceptualized and analyzed space. The first Maghrebi writers who composed in French were Algerian colonists. They asserted quite early their own independence from France as they dissociated themselves from travel literature devoted to Algeria. In the early 1920s, Robert Randau and Louis Bertrand introduced the Algerianist movement which strove itself to describe the colonized country from the inside, including its mores and its customs. Later on, starting the 1930s, the Ecole d’Alger is used as an echo chamber to denounce colonial injustice. Albert Camus, Gabriel Audisio or Emmanuel Roblès are, for instance, a part of this circle of influence. Yet, those writers found themselves in an extremely delicate situation as it was strenuous for them to denounce all kinds of injustice related to colonization without betraying their own community. The evolution of the literary and socio-cultural thinking of the Mediterranean identity through the algerianity expressed by two major movements, Algerianism and the Ecole d’Alger, will be studied in such an historical prospect
قطان, كريم. "Aspects de l’imaginaire littéraire du désert à l’ère post-coloniale." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100061/2020PA100061.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation aims to examine some aspects of the literary imagination of the desert in various texts in English, Arabic, and French, most of them novels set in the deserts of the Mediterranean area. The desert is a multifaceted and polymorphous object, and at the intersection of many fantasies. It is a unique landscape, one that materializes following a long, institutional and cultural sedimentation of images. Our imagination of this landscape is dependent on medieval images of the desert, as well as travel writing and religious texts. Moreover, as a colonial fantasy, it is often perceived as a space where paradoxes thrive, where the authentic and the artificial, the past and the future, reality and fiction, merge beyond recognition. As such, it is firmly set in the realm of post-colonial discourses. I will first attempt to understand how the desert and its recurring motifs are born, as literary objects, in the travel writings of the XIXth century. Subsequently, I will focus on how the desert of the XXth century, becomes a political space where postcolonial writers reclaim and rewrite their voices and histories. Consequently, the desert in literature, rather than a state, a landscape or a geological fact, appears to be a process of becoming. Thus, the aim of the research was not so much to formulate a definition of what the desert in literature is, but rather of what it can do. In fact, it enables the writers to create borderland spaces, where origins, history, and the future are recreated and, ultimately, where they can forge a desert speech, a hybrid, innovative language that attempts to voice that which has remained voiceless in the fringes of history
Rouziès, Bertrand. "Images de Byzance dans la littérature médiévale de langue française." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUEL591.
Full textWe in this work endeavour to assess the impact of the Medieval Byzantine Culture (art, symbolism, religion, policy, literature, science) on the Old French Literature (chansons de geste, romances, chronicles, travel books, bestiaries) between 1100 (writing of the Chanson de Roland) and 1461 (fall of the Greek Empire of Trebizond). With the idea of reconsidering the mutual knowledge and the intensity of cultural exchanges, we apply ourselves to dissect the fantastical mechanisms which reconstruct the Byzantine East, transmute it into myth, orientalise it
Izmit, Ayça. "Constantinople et sa représentation dans la littérature française (1830-1860)." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20040.
Full textConstantinople was a passage way for foreign travellers in the 19th century. This city which hosted different cultures, different nations over a long period of history has not only attracted the historians but also been a center of focus for literary specialists. Constantinople, being a bridge between the East and the West, has created a mystique and exotic fascination for travellers, enticing them into a fabulous dream world. Almost all of the travellers have had a unique way of expressing their feelings when visiting or imagining the tombs, the Harem, Grand Bazaar and other sites. The purpose of this study is to find out how the cosmopolitan city Constantinople and its daily life style has been portrayed by these travellers and the effects of their writings on Turkish literature
Beji, Linda. "L'orientalisme français et la littérature tunisienne francophone : relations et influences." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040100.
Full textFrench orientalism and French-speaking Tunisian literature are the expression of socio-cultural and politico-economic relations between France and Tunisia. During the XIXth century and at the beginning of XXth century, a mutual attraction links these two countries: France likes the exoticism of Tunisia and this one likes the modernity of French people. Literary and pictorial works are the evidence of this reciprocal interest. But imperialism changes this relation: the image of the other changes and the other becomes the enemy. Then we witness a proliferation of stereotypes for French people and a self-defining fall for Tunisians. After Independence, in France, the French exiles and the Tunisian immigrants know the same uneasiness : rejection because of difference. A complete integration and/or a communautarism are then consequences of this racism. In Tunisia, the westernized government disappoints the people: Tunisians are pulled between tradition and modernity, dream and reality. Literature is the oriental way to express disillusion, critics, identity. Franco-Tunisian relations are subjected to the hazards of History and Mankind; nevertheless, today, they remain friendly
Mauthes, Barbara. "José Watanabe et Doris Moromisato : deux écrivains nikkei-péruviens." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CERG0894.
Full textIn this work we aim to study the poetry of two Peruvian nikkei writers: José Watanabe and Doris Moromisato. We hope to see how it reflects a process of identity building. Before going into the texts, we will provide a historical and sociological overview of the Japanese and Nikkei presence in Latin America, especially in Peru, through an examination of cultural artefacts paying tribute to the Peruvian Nikkei community formed at the beginning of the 20th century with the arrival of Japanese peasant workers. As members of this community (both are children of immigrants), Watanabe and Moromisato had to define themselves as Peruvians of Japanese origin, and did so largely by writing. We intend to demonstrate how each utilizes their family heritage to their advantage, integrating it into their Peruvian identity. We will study each author separately in order to clarify the essential characteristics of their poetic universes and their position in relation to their origins. We will see that Watanabe’s cultural heritage partially conditioned his work as a poet, and that his vision of the Japanese haiku, as passed down by his father, reveals unique insight into his artistic work. Conversely, Moromisato's undereducated Okinawan parents were unable to bring her into contact with Japanese literary culture, and it wasn’t until she was an adult that she encountered it in its exported form. Moromisato, who was born into a home closed off from influences outside those originating in /who was born into a home that thrived on memories of rural Okinawa, sees his multiple identities differently than Watanabe, who grew up in an environment that was open to peruvian culture
Nadifi, Rajaa. "Le Proche Orient arabe d'après des récits de voyage et des textes de fiction, de 1880 à 1939." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUEL053.
Full textThe Orient has, throughout the Middle Ages to our present day, held a unique place among french thinking. Between 1880 and 1939, perception of the orient underwent profond changes. Exotic appeal of an orient of dreams and fantaisies, as defined by romantics, evaporeted with the onset of realism. The pre-conceived notion were replaced by a quest for the "other orient". Between the end of 19th century and World War II, the "exoticism" of the arabic and near eastern world was condamned as a minar genre. Turbulents events which plaqued theses countries did not leave much room for dreams. Loti and Barrès, by the sheer beauty and power of their writting, were the only ones who could revive the theme that had fallen into oblivion. Credit should be given to minar writers who shed light upon the society in their treatment of the "other anf far giving birth to a new definition of exoticism. The oriental society perceived in its duality, was only a miror reflacting an inperished french society. The refusal to recognize the true identity of the Orient betrays its own confusion, in a world characterized by instability and the loss of ancestral values the western world was seeking for security in the Orient, but it's for ever lost there
Girinon, Armelle. "Regards croisés sur Constantinople/Istanbul : les représentations de la ville dans les ouvrages des voyageurs et des résidents italiens (1831-1931)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/191207_GIRINON_253darmkx505gnseu174ufag720ymom_TH.pdf.
Full textThis thesis analyses the representations of Constantinople / Istanbul in the works of Italians who travelled to or resided in the city between 1831 and 1931. The textual and iconographic representations studied are collected in fifty-five volumes. The corpus is composed of texts of religious inspiration (pilgrimage and missionary reports), cruise stories, monographs by residents, collections of articles or letters, reports and travel stories intended either for a restricted public or for a wider audience. The thesis investigates the twofold nature of these representations, at once as the product and as the generative process of thought. On the one hand, it analyses the density and the modalities of the intertextual play that characterises the corpus. This work on sources seeks to identify paradigmatic authors, trends and representative turning points. On the other, this research proposes to reconstruct the thematic, representative and ideological architecture of the corpus in order to inquire into its cultural foundations and connotations. By thoroughly describing a diverse corpus, this thesis raises two more general questions: first, the possibility of representing otherness in a referential way; second, the link between the representations of the Turkish metropolis and the construction and /or glorification of an Italian national identity
Barkat, God Abdourahman. "Etude critique et historique de l'oeuvre d'Henry de Monfreid : de l'orientalisme à l'impérialisme." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INAL0001.
Full textBoulafrad-Abudura, Fatiha. "Topique colonialiste et contre-topique dans la "trilogie Algérie" de Mohammed Dib." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30031.
Full textIn this trilogie "ALGERIE", Mohammed DIB, french_speacking_Algerian writer invests the colonialist topics in order to assert a think as negate it. He asserts in order to use it and work it on again in bi-cultural language : Arabic and French. The colonialist topics are thus emptied then reloaded by a transversal rhethorical effect partaking together of a western irony and an Arabic stylistics called el adhad
Shimazaki, Eiji. "Figuration de l'Orient à travers les romans de Pierre Loti et le discours colonial de son époque - Turquie, Inde, Japon -." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856964.
Full textGaden, Elodie. "Ecrits littéraires de femmes en Egypte francophone : la femme "nouvelle" de 1897-1961." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058996.
Full textKantarbaeva-Bill, Irina. "Les récits des voyageurs britanniques en Asie centrale au XIXe siècle (1840-1890)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20105.
Full textTravel writing and experience to different parts of the world were quite popular in the 19th century, having inspired generations of Europeans to quest for exoticism and mythic origins of Western culture. Central Asia had always been one of these territories which attracted British travellers and explorers. The clandestine imperial rivalry between Russia and Britain for the mastery of Central Asia multiplied the number of British travellers towards this unknown Orient. Among the most famous travelogues of this period are those written by Alexander Burnes, a military envoy, by Armenius Vambéry, an orientalist, by Florentia Sale and Frances Duberly, officers’ spouses, by Henry Lansdell, a missionary, by Frederick Burnaby, an adventurer, and by many others. These travel narratives, versatile and heterogeneous, bring on a problem of generic definition. Our dissertation aims at examining the phenomenon of Otherness, inherent to travel writing, as well as at mapping within narrative perspective the geopolitical and literary concerns in Central Asia. By choosing this approach our work strives to avoid the reduction of the British travelling discourse in this particular geographical area to a simple legitimacy of imperial policy in the Victorian age
Do, Yoon-Jung. "Les valeurs du blanc chez Mallarmé éclairées par l'esthétique de l'Extrême-Orient." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070050.
Full textWhile the 'blanc' ('white') of the page - the main part of Mallarmé's writing - has been staying unknown in the occidental culture fed with the alphabetic writing, the extreme-oriental aesthetics based on the significance of the support's 'blanc' - heritage of the ideographic writing system (the character unit writing) - supplies the essential elements for the 'blanc's' lecture. Mallarmé has created its poetics with roman alphabetic writing thanks to his perspicacity, obtained in the search for a new verse in front of the paper: he discovered the emergence of the 'blanc' in his epoch's printing and painting - a result of a long evolution of the alphabetic culture toward its ideographic source. With the analysis of “Un coup de dés” in this historical and comparative perspective, we will arrive at the 'blanc' which underlies an impersonal and virtual structure of the spatial rhythm made from the words and their place
Vaucher-Albash, Fanny. "Jane Dieulafoy, dire la Perse au XIXe siècle, entre conventions et transgressions." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL021.
Full textThe life and work of Jane Dieulafoy provide original evidence of the complexity of the gender role relationships at the end of the nineteenth century. Through her journeys, her occasional, then permanent cross-dressing, her contribution to the architectural and archaeological knowledge or her writing style, this woman has challenged the social boundaries between the private and public spheres without resorting to a subversive or even feminist speech. Studying La Perse, la Chaldée et la Susiane allows to closely follow the oscillations of a being in search of the liberation of the body, of freedom of movement and writing, but still often respectful of the constraints and representations inherited from her education, culture and society. The transgressions necessary for her to accomplish this goal are nonetheless well thought-out and remain within the social context of the time. However, it is possible to understand the apparent contradictions of Jane Dieulafoy - particularly the union of masculine and feminine features - as a search for wholeness, recalling in some ways the myth of the androgyne
Kis, Zsuzsa Eszter. "L' Orient dans les contes philosophiques de Montesquieu et de Voltaire." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0081.
Full textPhilosophical tales by Montesquieu and Voltaire most often take place in the “Orient. ” The goal of this thesis is to underline and explain the “oriental” aspect of both authors’ short stories. How do Montesquieu and Voltaire use both the Orient’s image and aesthetic? Is it mere decoration—an exotic bit of local color—or are there other functions? How might the idea of the “Orient” emerge as a vehicle of philosophical thought? During European Enlightenment, the “Orient” was a relatively unknown space, thus making it amenable to themes of escape and dreaming—themes that are also inherent to the short story genre. The “Orient” as a magical, distant space, coupled with the short story genre itself guarantees a certain freedom for authors. In the following thesis, I show the articulation between the image of the “Orient” and the short story, and specifically how the “Orientalness” of the short story allows writers to transform traditional short stories into philosophical tales. The “Orient”, thanks to its geographical distance, alleviates the harshness of criticism, but at the same time, the lack of a concrete location is a way for writers to universalize, to generalize principles for all of humankind. Philosophical tales, however, do not mirror France—they evoke it through metaphor. Montesquieu and Voltaire take on vital problems from the period, including despotism, fanaticism, and injustice—these are the exact subjects that both interested authors and emerged as the most paramount of the period. The philosophical tale educates and amuses the reader, influenced public opinion at the time, and perhaps most importantly, continues to amuse and teach us at present
Bedel, Mathilde. "Mirabilia Indiae : voyageurs français et représentation de l’Inde au XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0212.
Full textThe stories of travellers, known for their authenticity, they are a source of first-hand and authentic information. However, the literary study of these texts reveals a series of problems linked to the writing of this distant elsewhere but already known thanks to the testimonies of the ancient and medieval predecessors. The interferences of the different literary genres update the imaginary of an India of wonders, to offer a literature with strong sensations. The first part questions the theatrical narrative presentation of one of the first attempts at human classification. The traveller then appears as a healer of his self-representation, in contrast to which the Indian people are drawn up, divided according to the different castes perceived. The second part is concerned with the writing of an imaginary cartography constructed from three poles. The latter are embodied by three prototypical figures. The narration of these heroic characters, in addition to being part of a revamped form of the historical narrative and/or adventures, proposes a writing of power by bringing to light court intrigues and other secret stories. The third part confronts the writing of the imaginary with its image setting. The aim here is to study the recreation of an India understood through the Christian prism, but also in reaction to it. Thus, the elaboration of an Indian bestiary, mainly built around large figures of the Hindu pantheon, gives travellers the opportunity to question both the relationship of the natives with their religion and with nature
Gadallah, Kamal Ali Mahmoud Ahmed. "L'Orient de Théophile Gautier." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030139.
Full textThe Orient is an universe that the life is radically different from life in Occident. For XIXème century, explore Orient helps firstly to know the other and to satisfy an exotic desire. For an European of this era, Orient is Thousand and one Nights tales, fantastic life and enchanted palaces. Romantic, Parnassian and naturally exotic, Théophile Gautier was dreaming identify in this oriental world which is either fantastic or ferric. He admires in it the Islamic religious ceremonies either esoteric or exoteric, the Hindu pantheon and specially the pharaoh religion based on the idea of eternety. Gauthier had gone in Orient to inquist the human, the natural and especcially the local colour. In Orient, they know well how to escape, towards kief. Die in Orient is to acquire the eternety and keep ever good memories. The oriental civilisation is characterized by the strong presence of man : in Turkey, religious and artistic is associated. In spain, the Mores civilisation is the only original. About Egypt, there is a paradox situation : pharaoh glory and ottoman degradation. Finally, this is the instinctive culture of Orientals that admired Gautier
Hata, Koichiro. "Différence et individualité dans les récits de voyage en Orient à l'époque romantique." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040047.
Full textIn the first half of the 19th century, more and more amateur French travelers left for the Orient, a destination which up to then had been that of a handful of visitors like diplomats and archaeologists. The objective of this study is to examine how these French travelers perceived the difference between western and oriental people At first, the natives appeared to them as others. Their customs, very different from the Westerners', revealed how different the Levantine countries really were. However, the demarcation line between the two populations was not as clear as it first appeared. Indeed, the travellers used different criteria like religion, language, ethnic group, etc. , to draw a border of their own between the two cultures. Moreover, the relation between West and East were evolving during this period as the Levantine countries introduced reforms in an attempt to europeanize native life. So the oriental world increasingly resembled the western one and the border line between both populations was blurred
Vasconcelos, Machado Everton. "Christianisme, castes et colonialisme dans le roman "Les Brahmanes" (1886) du goannais Francisco Luís Gomes (1829-1869)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040245/document.
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Este trabalho propõe-se a estudar a maneira como o escritor goês de língua portuguesa Francisco Luís Gomes (1829-1869) aborda em seu romance de tese Os Brahamanes (1866) o cristianismo, o sistema de castas hindu e o colonialismo. Liberal e católico convicto, Gomes foi bastante marcado pelos ideais da Revolução Francesa e teria podido ser inscrito na corrente do romantismo “reformador”, da qual faziam parte Lamartine, Lamennais e Hugo. Inspirado em um fato histórico (a Revolta dos Cipaios de 1857, primeiro movimento inssurrecional indiano de envergadura contra a dominação inglesa), Os Brahamanes poderia ser considerado como sendo não apenas a primeira obra de ficção a atacar as castas da Índia mas também o primeiro romance da literatura moderna a denunciar os abusos do colonialismo. O discurso de Gomes comporta entretanto alguns problemas, pois o autor acaba por legitimar em seu livro o fato colonial. A ação de Os Brahamanes não se passa na Índia portuguesa, de onde era o escritor, mas na Índia britânica, o verdadeiro alvo do romance. Ora, este contribui tanto para o mito segundo o qual Portugal teria agido, enquanto conquistador de povos, de uma maneira “doce” e igualitária, quanto para o “estilo ocidental de dominação, de reestruturação e de autoridade sobre o Oriente” chamado “orientalismo” (Edward Saïd)
Bovio, Maéva. "Les voyages en Orient des écrivains français de 1919 à 1952 : l'Orient romantique à l'épreuve du nouveau siècle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL020/document.
Full textThe First World War has changed the face of the Middle East. As the geopolitical map is fully modified, new issues emerge (zionism, rise of Arab nationalisms, etc.). France sets up politically in the region as a colonial power through mandates in Lebanon and Syria. In 1952, the Middle East, where the state of Israel and numerous independent countries reunited in the Arab League can be found, no longer offers the same face as before 1914.Along with technical progress and modernity hardware and with the development of mass tourism, these political upheavals directly affect the french literary tradition of the Journey to the East. It experienced its golden age during the XIXst century, with the artworks by Chateaubriand, Lamartine, Nerval, Flaubert and Loti. But it must be observed that French travelers don't stop coming in the region for all that. From Maurice Barrès to Roger Vailland, passing by Paul Morand, Louis Bertrand, Myriam Harry, Roland Dorgelès, Joseph Kessel or Albert Londres, a lot of writers and reporters go to the Middle East and dedicate a book to this experience.Our work was to build a corpus, which means identify and classify a wide range of texts (books and journalistic articles) – some of which are not well known today – in order to analyze them in a process of literary history and according to a postcolonial perspective.The goal was to give an account of a whole production torn apart melancholic retrospection and enthusiastic description of the modern oriental realities. The Romantic “East” is then the subject of an intense debate and the Journey to the East is tinged with controversy colouring. Travel writers try to revive this literary tradition, reinventing its forms and adopting a less eurocentric point of view, contrary to the colonial acme of the thirties.The analysis of these works which were never studied together before allowed us to write a new chapter of the history of french literary orientalism
Sitayeb, Stéphane. "Liturgie et Esthétique dans la prose poétique fin-de-siècle d’Arthur Machen." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040148.
Full textThe present study sustains an analogy between the fin-de-siècle texts of Arthur Machen and the aesthetics of Decadence and Symbolism, first, and a principle of consistency regulating the tensions that underlie his minor works – id est, the customs originating from the sapiential corpus of the Bible and the intertestamental narratives being blended with the therianthropic rites of primitive totemism. The syncretism between Christian and Pagan rites and the oscillation between Apollonian ascesis and Dionysiac aestheticism mirror the resilience as well as the pathologies of the artist in his Protean Künstlerromane and self-portraits. Inspired by the numerous artistic currents of the Victorian age, Machen’s turn-of-the-century texts are quite complex to classify and account for the too frequent association made between his style and that of Gothic or Fantastic authors. This generic indetermination, notably triggered by the anthologization of Machen’s texts, requires a work of investigation in diverse domains such as archaeology, anthropology and ethnology. Episodic novels, short stories, tales, and prose poems, in particular, become experimental diaries foreshadowing the Surrealists’ automatic writing. Deemed to be either the emblem of hereditary contagion or the herald of a decadent civilization, the artist wears several masks which are further distorted by the author’s misleading autobiographical hints. After showing that Machen is not only a poet but also a theologian and an essayist and a theorician on aesthetics, it will be possible to understand the discrepancy between the fiction and the life of a fervent High-Branch Anglican, a faithful husband who nevertheless cultivated, in his texts, paraphilic fantasies, dreams of a new Orient and an Ancient Greece, or quite the contrary, extreme penitential itineraries grounded in a Medieval Welsh tradition requiring self-flagellation and anorexic fasting. Far from representing a “chalice empty of wine”, liturgy becomes a sacred power as the correlation between physical losses and spiritual gains in The Hill of Dreams shows. By championing the beauty of a minor Welsh culture, Machen partook in the “Celtic Revival” and wrote the chronicles of uprooted Welsh subjects exiled in the hostile environment of fin-de-siècle London and striving to reterritorialize its spatial and temporal constitution
Choquet, François-Olivier. "Venise et l'Orient dans À la recherche du temps perdu de Marcel Proust." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030086.
Full textIn Search of Lost Time is aiming at the Orient like a cathedral. The initial travel to Venice being cancelled, the half-Persian Balbec assumes the role of a substitute of Orient. There the narrator meets Albertine, with which he establishes a despotic relationship in the oriental fashion. But through the young girl, covered with the Fortuny robes, the narrator desires Venice again. This journey marks the end of Lost Time and its resurrected remembrance opens Time Regained. To the psychological Orient of the Arabian Nights must be added the eschatological biblical Orient. The titles of the Search are echoing one to another like the two sides of a cathedral, inspired either by the Old Testament or by the New Testament. The characters belong to 3 races inspired by the 3 biblical races issued from Noah. Venice represents, by the interpenetration of water and earth, the esthetical balance between the sensible and the intellectual worlds, a symbol of the work itself, the Celestial Jerusalem
Dampierre-Noiray, Ève de. ""Une interrogation si vive adressée à l'Égypte" : transformations de l'Égypte du vingtième siècle dans les récits égyptiens et européens." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040075.
Full textThis dissertation offers a comparative study of 20th century Egypt as seen through Egyptian and European narrative and fictional texts (Arabic, French, English and Italian). The first section presents political and literary issues connected with representations of Egypt in Western 20th century texts, arguing that political changes affecting the country, which were brought about by the end of colonialism and independence, also radically affect its representation in literature. The second section questions the idea of modernity through a close study of literary texts : it presents different stages of the Egypt’s history between the twenties and the seventies in order to show how the emergence of modernity and its subjective perceptions are translated into narrative and poetic texts. Lastly, after having defined the specific literary field resulting from residence writing, the third section is devoted to a study of the poetics of these different works, aiming not only to shed light on certain figures and structures of these fictions, but also to show how this poetical treatment comes to represent a radical change in Egypt’s image and can be seen as an enactment of this transformation
دراسة مقارنةيقدم هذا البحث دراسة مقارنة لمصر القرن العشرين خلال الكتابات الأدبية والروائية في كل من اللغات العربية والفرنسية والإنجليزية والإيطالية. يقدم الجزء الأول المواضيع السياسية والأدبية المتصلة بالتعبير عن مصر في النصوص الغربية بالقرن العشرين، والدلالة على أن التغيرات السياسية المؤثرة على الدولة نتيجة نهاية الاستعمار إلى الاستقلال، أثرت أيضا بصورة واضحة على تلك الكتابات الأدبية. يبحث الجزء الثاني فكرة التجديد والمعاصرة خلال دراسة مدققة للنصوص الأدبية في فترات مختلفة من تاريخ مصر بين العشرينات والسبعينات وذلك للدلالة على كيفية تأثير المعاصرة بنظرتها الموضوعية والذاتية على النصوص الأدبية والشعرية. أخيرا بعد تحديد خصوصية التعبير الأدبي الناتج عن (كتابة المقيمين)، يقدم هذا الجزء دراسة في شاعرية هذه الكتابات المتنوعة، ليس فقط لإلقاء الضوء على بعض الأسماء والبناء الروائي، ولكن لإظهار كيف أن هذه المعالجة الأدبية والشعرية تمثل تغيرا جوهريا في التعبير عن صورة مصر
Kuen, Renate. "Regards croisés sur l’Orient du XIXème siècle à travers les œuvres de trois voyageuses européennes, Ida Pfeiffer, Amalia Nizzoli et Isabelle Eberhardt." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0066.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the travel writings of three European women who travelled to the Middle East and to North Africa in the 19th century. Two of them, Ida Pfeiffer (1797) and Amalia Nizzoli (1806) came from the Austro-Hungarian Empire and travelled in the Middle-East controlled by the Ottoman Empire. Isabelle Eberhardt (1877) travelled in the North African countries controlled by the French colonial power. By comparing the narrations of the three writers of the oriental landscapes and their inhabitants with a special attention for the oriental women, the thesis questions whether being a woman affects their vision of the Orient. Starting point is Edward Saïd’s thesis of Orientalism, that is to say of the image of the East created by the West on the basis of a binary point of view according to which the two cultures are opposed to each other and the East is described as inferior to the West.like in the descriptions of Isabelle Eberhardt of some regions subdued to the control by the West
Il presente lavoro si è proposto di analizzare le narrazioni di viaggio di tre viaggiatrici europee chehanno visitato diverse regioni orientali nel corso del XIX secolo. Due di esse, Ida Pfeiffer (nata nel1797) e Amalia Nizzoli (nata nel 1806) sono originarie dei territori controllati dall’Impero austro-ungarico e viaggiano nell’Oriente dominato dall’Impero ottomano. Isabelle Eberhardt (nata nel1877) viaggia nei paesi del Nord-Africa controllati dalla Francia.Confrontando le descrizioni dei paesaggi e delle popolazioni orientali, con una particolareattenzione per le donne e gli harem, la ricerca si pone l’obiettivo di indagare se e in quale misura ilfatto di essere donne influenzi la visione dell’Oriente delle tre viaggiatrici.La tesi di Edward Said, espressa nell’opera “Orientalismo”, costituisce il punto di partenzadell’indagine. L’analisi delle opere delle tre viaggiatrici mostra che esse seguono lo stesso schemadescrittivo evidenziato da Edward Said che oppone Oriente e Occidente in un sistema binario egerarchizzante. Tale schema è tuttavia talvolta rovesciato, soprattutto nell’opera di IsabelleEberhardt che offre una visione idealizzata delle regioni sottomesse al controllo delle potenzecoloniali
Kandeel, Ammar. "Edward Said face à Louis Massignon : une fascination orientaliste." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30031.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies the aspects of Edward Said’s fascination for Louis Massignon, a French orientalist. It focuses first on the reception of Said’s Orientalism (1978), his major essay (which has been) commonly deemed excessively polemical, in order to underline the difficulties to explain the ambivalences of the author’s ideological position – a position which combines criticism and praise. This analysis will show the necessity of (proposing) a new approach to Orientalism, an approach which assumes that Said’s thought is close to Massignon’s. Instead of using the prevailing thematical methodology, which consists in approving or refuting Said’s position, the formal approach of this thesis attempts to reveal the ambiguity of Said’s text. In the instability of the author’s position, one can thus observe the reflection of one of the main motifs of his work, namely the loss of the Palestinian place, a motif through which he analyzes Massignon’s though, and which shows therefore Said’s appeal to the orientalist’s ideas. Comparing the poetics of Orientalism and L’Hégire d’Ismaël (1935) will show that both authors make loss a determining event which still inaugurates a History of Orientalist thought for Said, and a History of Islam’s Abrahamic faith for Massignon
Hong, Ji Eun. "Voyage réel et métaphorique dans l’œuvre de Théophile Gautier." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL105.
Full textReal and Metaphorical Journeys in the Works of Théophile Gautier considers the semantics of wealth in the notions of travel in Gautier’s words, from the printing press to the novel, from ballet booklet to fantasy tale, from youthful enthusiasm to wandering in disappointment in Paris. The real or imaginary journey is said to be boundless. This thesis examines this « extravagance » in Théophile Gautier’s writing, with particular reference to his geographical itineraries and his cultural excursions and knowledge. This singularity of this thesis illustrates that a similar dynamic, founded on the notion of paradox, brings Gautier’s writing to life. Daydreaming by the fireplace and journeys to the ends of the worlds, observations of nature and art criticism, all these excursions adhere to the same sinuous movement . Just like the countries he visited, art and science constitute the metaphorical spaces that Gautier thoroughly explores with deliberate detours. The fantasy domain also corresponds to this double requirement, allowing for to-and-fro journeys between the ordinary and the extraordinary. With the uncanny already concealed within the familiar, nature, likewise, adopts a germinating supernatural dimension. This paper demonstrates, through probing the different literary genres explored by the author, that the oxymoronic trends in his narrative does not express a sense of impossibility but rather, a new pathway, that of the reality of dreams. Indeed, logic presides over the erratic aesthetics of the serious worker and the amateur that Gautier is. This dissertation therefore proposes a key to reading the paradoxes generated by Gautier’s zigzagging journeys
Baazizi, Nabil. "The Problematics of Writing Back to the Imperial Centre : Joseph Conrad, Chinua Achebe, and V. S. Naipaul in Conversation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA073.
Full textIn the wake of decolonization, colonialist narratives have systematically been rewritten from indigenous perspectives. This phenomenon is referred to as “the Empire writes back to the centre” – a trend that asserted itself in late twentieth-century postcolonial criticism. The aim of such acts of writing back is to read colonialist texts in a Barthesian way inside-out or à l’envers, to deconstruct the Orientalist and colonialist dogmas, and eventually create a dialogue where there was only a monologue. Turning the colonial text inside-out and rereading it through the lens of a later code allows the postcolonial text to unlock the closures of its colonial precursor and change it from the inside. Under this critical scholarship, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness (1899) has been a particularly influential text for Chinua Achebe and V. S. Naipaul. Their novels Things Fall Apart (1958) and A Bend in the River (1979) can be seen as a rewriting of Conrad’s novella. However, before examining their different rewriting strategies, it would be fruitful to locate them within the postcolonial tradition of rewriting. While Achebe clearly stands as the leading figure of the movement, the Trinidadian novelist is, in fact, difficult to pigeonhole. Does Naipaul write back to, that is criticize, or does he rewrite, and in a way adopt and justify, imperial ideology? Since not all rewriting involves writing back in terms of anti-colonial critique, Naipaul’s position continues to be explored as the enigmatic in-betweenness and double-edgedness of an “insider” turned “outsider.” Taking cognizance of these different critical perceptions can become a way to effectively highlight Achebe’s “(mis)-reading” and Naipaul’s “(mis)-appropriation” of Conrad, a way to set the framework for the simulated conversation this thesis seeks to create between the three novelists
Braeuner, Hélène. "Les représentations du canal de Suez (15ème-20ème s.) : esthétiques et politiques d'une vision." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG042.
Full textThe history of the Suez canal is a field of study that is still as alive and sensitive as ever, one that elicits mixed feelings. It is the story of its symbolism and the fantasies and projections that have sprung from it that is studied through a heretofore-unexamined literary and iconographical corpus. The originality of this research lies in its multiple approaches and the number of works assembled, which enables one to step out of a narrow chronology of the digging of the canal. It seeks to go beyond the restrictive vision of an endeavour that cannot be considered French colonial action yet is shot through with an ideology of conquest. It brings a fresh approach to the representation of orientalist travel. The artistic heritage born of this universal public work finally poses the question of its reception and how its memory is shared between East and West, with as much at stake today as ever
Dubois, Bruno. "Réalité et imaginaire, le Japon vu par le XVIIIème siècle français." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843582.
Full textEl, Deek Hosry Manar. "Interrogations into Female Identity in Arab American literature." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040024.
Full textThis dissertation analyses contemporary Arab-American literary productions by female writers, specifically, Shakir’s collection of memoirs Bint Arab and her two short stories “Oh Lebanon” and “Name Calling,” as well as a selection of novels, Abu Jaber’s Arabian Jazz and Crescent, Darraj’s The Inheritance of Exile, Alia Yunis’s The Night Counter, and Laila Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land. It shows how these works construct a space which enables them to investigate questions of identity, culture, ethnicity and gender. Identity conflicts around everyday matters like physical appearance, color, dress codes, veiling, chastity, and marriage are addressed by drawing upon critical works by Arab-American female writers and psycho-social studies on biculturalism. Moreover, this work emphasizes coalition-building with women of color by extending Anzaldua’s concept of the “consciousness of the borderlands” to encompass works by Arab-American female writers. Theories by post-colonial thinkers, particularly Said’s studies on Orientalism, also contribute to the dissertation’s questioning of the Oriental model of womanhood. Finally, this dissertation envisages critical works that study storytelling and its role in creating a surrogate home for “exilic” identities, with special emphasis on the Scheherazadian narrative. This project views literary productions as an appropriate way to investigate social, political, cultural and ethnic issues. It shows how writings by Arab-American women contribute to exploring inner identity conflicts, how they connect with other minority groups, and how they create a new sense of home
Sadi, Naim. "Le roman algérien de langue française : « Orient », « Occident » et au-delà." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH005.
Full textThe theme relating to the representation of the question of the "East" and the "West" has so far been essentially studied from texts written by the Westerners themselves, as did, for example, Edward Said in his famous book, Orientalism. Our thesis aims to study this issue from the writings of French-speaking novelists, that is to say authors from the "Orient" itself, more precisely from Algeria. The aim pursued in the present study is notably to know if this literature develops a counter-discourse related to. the orientalist imaginary or does it just reproduce, in one way or another, the same binary representations specific to this whole western knowledge about the East. The question is studied from a corpus comprising works of fiction covering different periods of evolution of this Algerian novel, that is to say that of the inter-war period, that of the war of liberation, and finally that of the postcolonial period. The study also takes into account the colonial literature that has touched on the question of the "East" and the "West".The analysis is based on four axes; the first one is related to the French language itself, insofar as, on the one hand, the French language constitutes the founding element of this literature, and on the other hand because of its influence on the imaginary developed around the subject matter of our study. The second axis refers to a strictly literary approach, since this dimension is also a field within which the problematic of the "East" and the "West" is expressed. The third axis concerns women, a theme that occupies a central place in the representation of the "Orient" in the Western imagination, but which presents also as a major problematic issue in the Algerian French written novel at different periods of its evolution . The last axis concerns the fictionalization of Islam as a marker par excellence of the "Orient" in the Western imagination since the Middle Ages, a marker which tends today to replace the notion of "Orient" herself. The French novel did not fail to put Islam in fiction, especially in the in between the Word Wars’ novel and that of the independence period.Without falling into generalization or denying this literature its innumerable achievements, especially qualitatively or through the rereading of orientalism with which it entertains complex relations, our study leads to the conclusion that the Algerian French written novel, especially because of it deterritorialization , didn’t reach a beyond of “East” and “West” level. It has been undergoing the constraints of the new forms of hegemony peculiar to the post-colonial period exerted by a certain "West" on the "East". Consequently, it could not be constituted into an autonomous literature, expressing the universal, free from the stakes and constraints related to the dominant / dominated equation. The new forms of domination, more subtle, leave clear marks in the relations between France and its former colony in the literary field, sometimes making the Algerian novel a discourse inscribed in the register of the "art of the dominated"
Al, Temimi Ala Sh Aieze. "La crise de la civilisation et l'utopie du désert dans le discours postcolonial : une étude comparatiste des romans de J.M.G. Le Clézio, Tahar Ben Jelloun, Ibrahim al-Koni et Abdul Rahman Mounif." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA059.
Full textCivilization and desert: two words which in appearance appear to be antithetical, and yet they are and have often been tightly linked in the imaginary as well as in practical experience. From The Epic of Gilgamesh, to ancient texts and religious traditions or even to the successive variations leading to "geographic discoveries", "modernity" and to "globalization", the idea of civilization has many times met its opposite, its enlightener, and its point of reference that it gives to the desert. For two centuries, this interaction in the representations about the contemporary variations of the connection civilization/desert has been continuously providing an important inspiration to an extensive literature on the desert. The latter's relationship with the civilized space not only sets up some confrontation between two spaces but also between two worlds, the Western and Eastern ones, between two mythical times, two different visions of human destiny. This imaginary experience is also shown through the representations of the utopias ancient or recent to highlight the desert. The opposition civilization/desert in modern times forms the subject matter of this thesis. Our structural-ideologicaland socio-historical reading endeavors to identify, through all four texts, the semiotic and poetic processes. These processes are featured in order to bring this opposition to the fore, which are the mechanism of its representation, functioning and mutation. On the basis of an analysis of the contrast between the colonial discourse and the postcolonial one, our comparative approach hinges on the reading of the four postcolonial novelistic works belonging to four world pieces of literature which deal with the opposition civilization/desert while featuring the misery of the primitive Man facing so many attempts of the civilized Man to force him out of his background. The four works superposing History on fiction are structured on a denunciatory vision of modern civilization and on a utopian and idealistic vision of the desert and of nomadism
Jun, Hea Young. "Le « corps » dans l’espace littéraire chez quelques écrivains voyageurs en Extrême-Orient (Tibet, Chine et Japon)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20033/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to bring light to the complex relationship between the “body” of the traveller and that of the writer, but also the “corpus” of literary work, in so far as we deal with several travel writers in the Far East from the 19th and 20th centuries. It consists of the works of Segalen, Claudel, Loti, Michaux and David-Néel. Their reflections relate at once to oriental ideograms and the “alternative” religions of the Far East (Tibet, China, Japan), notably Taoism and Buddhism, and, in parallel, to confrontations with the otherness of the “body”.For our problematic of literary space we propose three principal axes, which divide the thesis into three parts, analysing the textual space, the “transcendent” space and then the “interior” space.The interest of this work on the “body” under the exotic gaze is measured against the notion of literary space, which is evaluated in an individual process specific to each of the authors
Funari, Fernando <1986>. "L’espace urbain indien dans la littérature européenne au XXème siecle. Pour une perspective post-orientaliste." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6853/.
Full textThe emergence of the Edward Said’s theory of "imaginative geography" (“Orientalism”, 1978), over the last thirty years, has imposed to textual criticism a purely socio-political (Gramscian and Foucauldian) orientation, offering a single interpretation of a heterogeneous corpus of texts (scientific and artistic, ancient and modern) having in common the characteristics of "representing the East". It follows that the European construction of the Oriental space is not just a misunderstanding, but a tendentious representation aiming to support Western imperialism. In particular, the "feminized" representation of eastern geography (as the theatre of the exploit of the white male) is supposed to allow the political subjugation and the economic exploitation of the countries to the East of Europe. If “Orientalism” has experienced mixed fortunes since its publication in the 80ies, in recent years, a real anti-saidian current has gained strength. The thesis a aims to show the limits of the saïdien theoretical approach through the analysis of about thirty French, Belgian, English and Italian works of the 20th century, focusing on examination of the representation of Indian urban space in contemporary European literature. More specifically, a study of the new models and structures of the Indian space’s feminization will try to contribute in filling the gap in the studies of the saidian perspective towards the approach of “post-orientalism”.
L'affermarsi della teoria della « imaginative geography » di Edward Saïd (Orientalism, 1978), nell'arco degli ultimi trent'anni, ha imposto un orientamento prettamente sociopolitico, gramsciano e foucaultiano alla critica del testo, proponendo un'unica soluzione interpretativa per un corpus eterogeneo di testi (scientifici e artistici, antichi e moderni) accomunati dal fatto di « rappresentare l'Oriente ». La costruzione europea dello spazio orientale, dice Saïd, non rappresenta solo un misconoscimento dell'Altro, ma una sua rappresentazione tendenziosa e finalizzata a sostenere la macchina dell'imperialismo occidentale. In particolare, la rappresentazione « femminilizzata » della geografia orientale (come luogo dell'exploit del maschio bianco) preparebbe e accompagnerebbe l'impresa di assoggettamento politico e di sfruttamento economico dei paesi ad Est dell'Europa. Se Orientalism ha conosciuto fortune alterne dall'anno della sua apparizione, negli ultimi anni una vera e propria corrente anti-saidiana ha preso forza, soprattutto in ambito francese. Attraverso l'analisi di circa trenta opere francesi, belga, inglesi e italiane del Novecento, questa tesi cerca di visualizzare i limiti teorici della prospettiva saidiana rivolgendosi a un esame della rappresentazione dello spazio urbano indiano nella letteratura europea contemporanea. Nello specifico, uno studio delle nuove strutture e dei nuovi modelli della femminilizzazione dello spazio orientale indiano cercherà di completare – superandolo in direzione di un « post-orientalismo » – il riduzionismo della prospettiva saidiana.
Al-Hadal, Sami Sharaf. "L'Orient sous l'œil des écrivains voyageurs : Six récits de voyage littéraires français du premier XIXe siècle." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1655.
Full textThis thesis aims to examine the representation of the "Orient", in French travel literature in the first nineteenth century. It invites to detailed analysis for the six travel histories of the "Orient", which we have chosen. The objective is to determine the status of these trips, the motivations, the conditions, the risks, the followed routes, the means of transport used at the time as well as the views of travel writers of the region, their impressions and feelings. It's also to know how the "Orient", the "Other" fascinating for Westerners, was presented in French literature of the Romanticism century. Following Bonaparte's expedition to the "Orient" in the early nineteenth century which opens the way to the region, many of the French travelers who searching of exoticism have led to the "Orient". On their return, they began to write and publish their diaries, their stories, notes. . . Etc. The literary, artistic and cultural manifestation unprecedented born in France, giving rise to the so-called «Orientalism». The present study shows, on the one hand, that the literature is produced by the imagination of the "Orient" with wealth equal to the disciplines that have been preferred so far by studies of the “Orient”, and on the other, that there is a need to open a dialogue between literature and the Eastern knowledge. So, this thesis evokes the singularity of the meeting between the world of eastern knowledge and the reader
Bonin-Livet, Déborah. "Salomé dans la France musicale au début du XXe siècle. Approche comparative de La Tragédie de Salomé de Florent Schmitt et de Salomé d’Antoine Mariotte." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040019.
Full textThe biblical story of Salome is a vast subject that has inspired artists and writers alike for years. In music however, the story was evoked the most at the beginning of the twentieth century. To this day, the work of reference on the subject remains Richard Strauss’s opera composed in Dresden in 1905. And yet, numerous composers of the same era were to use the legend of Salome, namely Florent Schmitt with his ballet ‘The Tragedy of Salome’ and Antoine Mariotte. The latter, like Richard Strauss, sought inspiration for his opera from the play of the same name by Oscar Wilde.Bearing in mind the date of conception of Mariotte’s work (1908) and the existence of Schmitt’s ballet composed in 1907, our aim is to understand why these two composers, both in France, became interested in the same subject at practically the same time. To this end, we will concentrate on historical, social, artistic and musical accounts that link Salome to symbolism. Our work will then explore other trends of the time, such as orientalism and even the psychoanalytical nature of the subject. The final part of our study will deal with the premières and major performances of the work. Through this comparative study of the conception, organisation and reception of ‘The Tragedy of Salome’ by Florent Schmitt and of ‘Salome’ by Antoine Mariotte, we can not only conclude that the subject was a source of great fascination, but also that it had a strong influence on music in France at the beginning of the twentieth century
Lehni, Caroline. "Lire l'Egypte en images : la représentation de l'Egypte au Royaume-Uni à travers l'illustration des récits de voyage (1798-1914." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070042.
Full textIn the nineteenth century, political contacts between the United Kingdom and the Near East became closer, while tourism developed. At the same time, a greater number of orientalist texts and cultural artefacts were produced. This study examines the illustrations of travel books on Egypt published from 1798 to 1914 and aims to reconstruct part of the British geographical imagination concerning this country. We first provide the cultural and material context of the production and reception of these illustrations in order to understand how the British of the nineteenth century travelled in Egypt and how these trips were then transposed into a specific type of book, which included two different media - pictures and text. We then analyse the iconography of illustrated travel books, emphasising the recurrence of certain motifs and themes throughout the period under study. More than iconographic subjects, the various "modes of imaging" show that the perception of Egypt was plural and changing. Two modes of representation, rather than one, prevail in the production of illustrated travel books up to the 1880s: scientific and picturesque illustrations correspond to different outlooks on Egypt, as well as to varied uses of pictures and books. The opposition between these two modes of imaging is not as relevant after the 1880s: the end of the period is characterised by a number of departures from earlier pictures, which makes it impossible to apply a homogeneous System of analysis upon British representations of Egypt in the nineteenth century