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Journal articles on the topic 'Orientation des buts'
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1
Dupeyrat, Caroline, and Claudette Mariné. "Conceptions de l’intelligence, orientations de buts et stratégies d’apprentissage chez des adultes en reprise d’études." Articles 30, no. 1 (November 30, 2005): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011768ar.
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Résumé Cette étude a pour objectif de tester un modèle de la motivation d’accomplissement chez des adultes en reprise d’études. Elle examine, à l’aide de questionnaires, le rôle des conceptions de l’intelligence, des buts et du sentiment de compétence sur les stratégies d’études, de même que sur la performance à l’examen de fin d’année. Les résultats font ressortir l’effet positif du but d’acquisition ; pourtant, cet usage n’affecte pas la réussite à l’examen. Un sentiment de compétence élevé par rapport à l’examen prédit une bonne performance scolaire, alors qu’une orientation vers un but de performance d’approbation sociale a plutôt un effet négatif sur la performance finale.
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Schlumbohm, Jürgen. "Quelques Problèmes de Micro-Histoire D'Une Société Locale." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 50, no. 4 (August 1995): 775–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1995.279400.
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Questionner la nature des liens qui font la cohésion d'une société déterminée a été au cœur de l'intérêt de certains des premiers « classiques » de l'histoire sociale. Marc Bloch, notamment, dans son analyse de la société féodale, a traité la construction des « liens d'homme à homme », « la formation des liens de dépendance », comme des problèmes fondamentaux ; c'est seulement une fois cette base posée qu'il s'est penché sur les classes, considérées comme des agrégats. On ne peut pas dire que l'histoire sociale, dans sa phase d'essor international, ait, sur ce point, suivi cet illustre modèle. C'est, au contraire, la critique de l'histoire sociale des années 1960 et 1970 qui a justement redonné à cette problématique une place centrale. Elle l'a fait, avant tout, au nom de la micro-histoire : l'un des buts de cette orientation de recherche a été, dès le départ, la reconstruction « du réseau des rapports sociaux dans lequel l'individu est pris ».
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Pelletier, Gervais, and Sylvie Laliberté. "Effect of embryo orientation on the developmental sequence of adventitious organogenesis in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 1348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-105.
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The developmental sequence of adventitious organogenesis in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) embryos was analysed depending on two explant orientations. Embryos were placed vertically (cotyledons downward) or horizontally on half-strength Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing 10 µM 6-benzylaminopurine. Samples were harvested at 2- to 3-day intervals for a 21-day period and observed using light and electron microscopy. In vertically placed embryos, cotyledons were inserted into the medium and became necrotic, while buds and phylloids developed on the upper part of the hypocotyl and in the apical area, 14 and 9 days after culture initiation respectively. In horizontally cultured embryos, organogenesis started in the intercotyledonary areas (day 11) and spread to the abaxial surface of cotyledonary margins outside the medium (day 14). A few buds also developed on the adaxial surface of cotyledons, starting on day 16. In the apical area, phylloid formation started on day 18. Nodules were induced in tissues in contact with the medium for both orientations, but in distinct sites. Embryo orientation influenced the localization of induction sites and the time sequence of organogenesis. The pattern for the mobilization of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides prior to organogenesis was similar for both orientations. A depletion in proteins and polysaccharides did not occur in tissues in contact with the culture medium.Key words: adventitious organogenesis, embryo culture, explant orientation, jack pine, microscopy, Pinus banksiana.
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Maldera, Francesco, Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi, Ignasi Iglesias-Castellarnau, and Salvatore Camposeo. "Row Orientation and Canopy Position Affect Bud Differentiation, Leaf Area Index and Some Agronomical Traits of a Super High-Density Almond Orchard." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020251.
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Super-high density (SHD) is the latest innovation in almond growing. This new cropping system needs to be studied in different climates, soils, latitudes and cultivars in order to promote more efficient and sustainable orchard management. This study shows the effects of two row orientations and different canopy positions on leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and biological, phenological and agronomical parameters of a SHD almond orchard. Total bud number and flower bud number were higher for N-S row orientation and more wood buds were detected in top layers. LAI was strongly influenced by layer, but not by row orientation. Row orientation did not affect blooming or ripening phenology. Fruit number per layer was higher for North–South (N-S) row orientation and in middle layers; fruit set showed the opposite trend to flower bud and fruit numbers, achieving higher values for East–West (E-W) row orientation. Hulled fruit yield was not affected by row orientation but by canopy height. N-S oriented rows showed a greater number of empty nuts than E-W, but no differences were found between layers. We concluded that in SHD almond orchards, row orientation is determinant for sustainable crop management.
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DeVries, Zachary C., Ahmed M. Saveer, Russell Mick, and Coby Schal. "Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Attraction to Human Odors: Validation of a Two-Choice Olfactometer." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 2 (November 12, 2018): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjy202.
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Abstract Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites, and, therefore, must locate suitable hosts to ensure survival and reproduction. Their largely nocturnal activity suggests that chemosensory and thermosensory cues would play critical roles in host location. Yet, the importance of olfaction in host attraction of bed bugs remains unclear. We developed and validated a Y-tube, two-choice olfactometer and tested its suitability for investigating attraction to human odors (from skin swabs). Olfactometer orientation significantly affected the percentage of bed bugs that were activated by human odors, with significantly more bed bugs responding when the olfactometer was oriented vertically (bug introduced at bottom of the olfactometer) compared with all other orientations. Starved (7–10 d) adult males, mated females, and nymphs responded (47–77% moved up the olfactometer and made a choice) when human odors were present in the olfactometer, while starved, unmated females did not respond. Skin swabs from all five human participants elicited high response rates (65–82%), and bed bugs from four different populations responded to skin swabs (40–82% response rate). However, in all assays including those resulting in relatively low response rates, bed bugs exhibited >90% preference for human odors over blank controls. These results provide strong evidence that bed bugs can respond and orient towards human odors, independently of all other host cues. Furthermore, the validated olfactometer should enable rapid and efficient evaluations of bed bug behavioral responses to semiochemicals.
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Morrison, J., and J. P. Gough. "Specimen Size and Orientation Effects on the Toughness of Steel Weldments." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 111, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226466.
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This paper deals with the measurement of the room temperature fracture toughness of 25-mm thick HY130 steel shielded-metal-arc weldments. The multipass butt welds were tested using different specimen geometries and orientations, and after various post-weld stress relief heat treatments. Where appropriate, comparisons are made between KIc and JIc data, including estimates based on both CTOD and stretch zone size measurements, for both parent metal and fusion zone material. Measured toughness for plate depends on whether the specimen tears at or before limit load, and thus on specimen size, but is independent of orientation and unaffected by thermal stress relief. Maximum load J for weldments is independent of specimen size or orientation, but CTOD decreases as specimen size decreases. Welds slowly cooled after stress relieving fail in a brittle manner, with very low CTOD values, even though the nominal critical stress intensities exceed 100 MPam.
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Galand, Benoit, Gentiane Boudrenghien, and Amandine Rose. "Buts personnels, orientations motivationnelles et bien-être subjectif: Effets indépendants ou médiatisés?" Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement 44, no. 2 (2012): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0024389.
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KANCHANAPOOM, Kamnoon, and Nararatn PROMSORN. "The Influence of Explant Types and Orientation on in Vitro Culture." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 3, no. 3 (August 25, 2011): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb336120.
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Inflorescence, apical and lateral buds of Musa balbisiana ‘Kluai Hin’ (BBB group) were used to culture on MS medium supplemented with 22 μM BA and 15% (v/v) coconut water. Comparison of bud orientation showed that the best response of in vitro shoot tip proliferation was obtained with abaxial surface of buds lying down i.e. one side touching the medium (tilt). Mass propagation of shoot tips was obtained when cultured buds on MS medium containing 44 μM BA. Rooting was achieved by transferring the isolated shoots to MS basal medium without growth regulators. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized and successfully established in soil.
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Popov, Alexander L., and Sergey A. Sadovskiy. "Influence of beam butt face nonparallelism on free damped vibration spectrum of the beam." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2019): 538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.5.538-547.
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Introduction. The free vibration method is widely applied to detecting internal defects in rod and lamellar structural elements. In this work, it is used to diagnose a rod sample defect consisting in nonparallelism of the rod ends. The possibility of identifying a defect in the form of a bevel of one of the rod butts by the frequency spectrum of free damped longitudinal and transverse vibration after impact actions to the rod side or butt face is considered.
Materials and methods. An experimental facility and a method of contact-free recording of the frequency spectrum of the rod natural vibration by its acoustic radiation spectrum are presented. Signs of a defect in the form of a split frequency of the rod transverse vibration are detected. At the same time, the maximum amplitudes of the split frequencies correspond to higher or lower frequencies depending on the face to which the impact is applied. This allows not only determining the presence of a defect in the form of the bevelled butt face, but also establishing its orientation relative to the side rod faces.
Results. An approximate theoretical model is suggested. It explains the effect of frequency splitting in the presence of nonparallelism of the rod butts. For this, the frequency spectra of transverse vibration of two rods with lengths equal to the lengths of the smaller and the larger faces of the original rod with the bevel edge are considered. Experiments show that the differences in the natural frequencies of the bending vibration of these rods, which correspond to the same eigenmodes, are consistent with the differences in the split frequencies of the free damped transverse vibrations of the bevelled-face rod. At this, relationship between the split frequency amplitudes allows determining not only the presence of bevelled face, but also its location.
Conclusions. The application and development of the method through the analysis of the natural vibration spectrum can lead to creation of remote quality control equipment for rod structural elements.
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Halonen, Maija Elina. "The long-term adaptation of a resource periphery as narrated by local policy-makers in Lieksa." Fennia - International Journal of Geography 197, no. 1 (March 5, 2019): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.74368.
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The paper’s general objective is to question the point of view whereby peripheries are seen only through a static downturn with no reflections on dynamicity or adaptation. The focus is set on the standpoints of actors in local government and their interface with the broader structures. The aim is to create a productive dialogue with evolutionary economic geography studies paying attention to actors and resilience studies where the human perspectives in adaptation are emphasised. The town of Lieksa, Finland, is used as a case study to exemplify a forest resource periphery located in relative isolation at the regional and national scale, but within a developed economy in Europe. The results, based on interviews with key local policy-makers, show that development did not stop at the time of the first bust despite the domination of the downturn. The study reveals two waves of restructuring which both include a type of regional bust followed by different kinds of institutional recovery. In general, the human adaptation appears as reactions reflecting the variation of giving up, forward-looking acceptance, desperate resistance, re-orientation with external support and search for renewal with an optimistic attitude. Above all, the resilience regarding the local governmental actors emphasises their flexible adaptability and ability to develop institutional capacities to tolerate their vulnerability, the uncertainties of the economic future and the difficulties of locals to influence it – and if anything – to act and bounce forward in spite of repetitive busts and restructuring phases.
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Beringer, Dennis B., and Howard C. Harris. "Navigation Display Integration in the General Aviation Environment: Performance using the Horizontal Situation Indicator." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 1 (October 1995): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900104.
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Much effort has been invested in examining integrated instrumentation for advanced aircraft cockpits, but little comparable effort has been directed toward the greatest number of aircraft presently flying - those in the general aviation environment. This study examined the benefits of a simple and widely available integrated instrument, the horizontal situation indicator (HSI), in the performance of simple navigation and orientation tasks by private pilots. Tested in the context of the multiple-processor Basic General Aviation Research Simulator (BGARS), pilots exhibited significantly fewer navigational reversals and orientational errors when using the HSI (in comparison with their performances when using the traditional VOR and Directional Gyro combination). These results were consistent with but even more definitive than an earlier sample of instructor pilots. Similar benefits in procedural error reduction were also found when instrument index markers, or “bugs,” were used as short-term memory aids.
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Schupp, James R., H. Edwin Winzeler, and Melanie A. Schupp. "Stub Length and Stub Angle Did Not Influence Renewal Shoot Number or Branch Angle of Tall Spindle ‘Gala’/Malling 9 Apple Trees." HortTechnology 29, no. 1 (February 2019): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04218-18.
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Renewal of limbs by pruning to leave a short, angled, upward-facing stub is common practice for spindle-type apple (Malus ×domestica) training systems. A short, beveled stub cut is thought to stimulate renewal growth from latent buds present underneath the base of the excised branch, and to stimulate smaller, more fruitful renewal limbs with wide crotch angles. We conducted trials over the course of 2 years that involved dormant pruning of ‘Buckeye Gala’ with renewal cuts to compare two stub lengths, 0.5 and 2 cm, and three stub orientations, upward facing, downward facing, and vertical facing, to determine the effects on renewal shoot number, position, angle, and length. We found no clear advantages with either stub length that we evaluated, and there was no improvement in renewal shoot quality with a bevel cut at any orientation. Stub length and stub angle did not influence limb renewal and may be unimportant for training orchard-pruning crews and for machine-learning and robotic pruning.
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Abdullahi, A. E., and P. B. Cavers. "Factors affecting regeneration from root fragments in two Physalis species." Phytoprotection 78, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706116ar.
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Smooth ground-cherry (Physalis virginiana var. subglabrata) and clammy ground-cherry (P. heterophylla) are native weeds that are becoming more common in arable land in southern Ontario. Much of their success stems from vegetative propagation, especially after dispersal of root fragments during cultivation. Root fragments of different lengths, collected at different life cycle stages, from different parts of the root System and replanted at different depths and orientations in the soil, were tested for regeneration in the field and the greenhouse. No fragments left on the soil surface regenerated. Shallow (5 cm) burial led to the fastest regeneration. Fragments as short as 2.5 cm regenerated but the highest percentage regeneration was from fragments 10- cm long. Orientation had no effect on the capacity of root fragments to regenerate nor on the time taken to regenerate in either species. In both species, fewer root fragments sampled from plants at the fruit dispersal stage regenerated in the same season than fragments obtained at the early vegetative stage. Root fragments obtained from parts of the root System closest to the crown had the least regeneration. Root fragments with preformed visible buds at planting time regenerated faster than those with no preformed buds. In both the greenhouse and the field, smooth ground-cherry shoots emerged faster than those of clammy ground-cherry. These results suggest that reduction in ground-cherry infestations could be achieved by cultivating and dragging fragments to the surface.
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Chuong, C. M., S. A. Ting, R. B. Widelitz, and Y. S. Lee. "Mechanism of skin morphogenesis. II. Retinoic acid modulates axis orientation and phenotypes of skin appendages." Development 115, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 839–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.115.3.839.
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The factors that determine the axial orientation and phenotypes of skin appendages were analyzed by studying the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on embryonic chicken skin explant cultures. With RA uniformly distributed in the culture media, the feather buds became smaller, were disoriented or were transformed into scale-like structures in a concentration-dependent manner (from 0.05-2.5 microM). With RA distributed as a gradient created by a RA-soaked anion exchange bead, a radial zone of inhibition with a rim of disoriented buds was observed. The new axis of the disoriented buds appeared to be determined by a combination of the original feather axis determining force and a new axial force pointing centrifugally away from the RA source. This observed result can be simulated with a computer model using a vectorial sum of different feather axial determination forces. The size of the inhibited zone is linearly correlated to the RA concentration and may be used to quantify the morphogenetic activity of retinoids. These effects are specific to developmental stages (Hamburg and Hamilton stage 31–34). Both all-trans and 13-cis RA have morphogenetic activity. Retinol has no effect and retinal has a small inhibitory effect but neither phenotypic transformation nor axial disorientation were observed. The antero-posterior gradient of homeoprotein XlHbox 1 in feather buds became diffusive after RA treatment. RA dissolves dermal condensations and the distribution of N-CAM is altered from an anterior localized pattern to a diffusive presence in the bud cores. Endogenous retinoids in developing skins show developmental stage-dependent changes both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results suggest that RA either is or can modulate the endogenous morphogen(s) that determine the orientation and phenotype of skin appendages, and that this morphogenetic pathway involves Hox genes and adhesion molecules.
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Rattray, Fergal P., Dorte Myling-Petersen, Dianna Larsen, and Dan Nilsson. "Plasmid-Encoded Diacetyl (Acetoin) Reductase in Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 1 (January 2003): 304–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.1.304-311.2003.
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ABSTRACT A plasmid-borne diacetyl (acetoin) reductase (butA) from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides CHCC2114 was sequenced and cloned. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein of 257 amino acids which had high identity at the amino acid level to diacetyl (acetoin) reductases reported previously. Downstream of the butA gene of L. pseudomesenteroides, but coding in the opposite orientation, a putative DNA recombinase was identified. A two-step PCR approach was used to construct FPR02, a butA mutant of the wild-type strain, CHCC2114. FPR02 had significantly reduced diacetyl (acetoin) reductase activity with NADH as coenzyme, but not with NADPH as coenzyme, suggesting the presence of another diacetyl (acetoin)-reducing activity in L. pseudomesenteroides. Plasmid-curing experiments demonstrated that the butA gene is carried on a 20-kb plasmid in L. pseudomesenteroides.
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Wignall, Anne E., and Phillip W. Taylor. "Assassin bug uses aggressive mimicry to lure spider prey." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1710 (October 27, 2010): 1427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2060.
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Assassin bugs ( Stenolemus bituberus ) hunt web-building spiders by invading the web and plucking the silk to generate vibrations that lure the resident spider into striking range. To test whether vibrations generated by bugs aggressively mimic the vibrations generated by insect prey, we compared the responses of spiders to bugs with how they responded to prey, courting male spiders and leaves falling into the web. We also analysed the associated vibrations. Similar spider orientation and approach behaviours were observed in response to vibrations from bugs and prey, whereas different behaviours were observed in response to vibrations from male spiders and leaves. Peak frequency and duration of vibrations generated by bugs were similar to those generated by prey and courting males. Further, vibrations from bugs had a temporal structure and amplitude that were similar to vibrations generated by leg and body movements of prey and distinctly different to vibrations from courting males or leaves, or prey beating their wings. To be an effective predator, bugs do not need to mimic the full range of prey vibrations. Instead bugs are general mimics of a subset of prey vibrations that fall within the range of vibrations classified by spiders as ‘prey’.
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Cui, Li, Zhibo Peng, Xiaokun Yuan, Dingyong He, and Li Chen. "EBSD Investigation of the Microtexture of Weld Metal and Base Metal in Laser Welded Al–Li Alloys." Materials 11, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 2357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122357.
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Autogenous laser welding of 5A90 Al–Li alloy sheets in a butt-joint configuration was carried out in this study. The microstructure characteristics of the weld metal and base metal in the horizontal surface and the transverse section of the welded joints were examined quantitatively using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The results show that the weld metal in the horizontal surface and the transverse section exhibits similar grain structural features including the grain orientations, grain shapes, and grain sizes, whereas distinct differences in the texture intensity and misorientation distributions are observed. However, the base metal in the horizontal surface and the transverse section of the joints reveals the obvious different texture characteristics in terms of the grain orientation, grain morphology, predominate texture ingredients, distribution intensities of textures, and grain boundary misorientation distribution, resulting in the diversity of the microhardness in the base metal and the softening of the weld metal. However, the degree of the drop in the hardness of the weld metal is highly correlated to the microtexture developed in the base metal.
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Yamane, Hisayo, Yukinobu Kashiwa, Tomomi Ooka, Ryutaro Tao, and Keizo Yonemori. "Suppression Subtractive Hybridization and Differential Screening Reveals Endodormancy-associated Expression of an SVP/AGL24-type MADS-box Gene in Lateral Vegetative Buds of Japanese Apricot." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 133, no. 5 (September 2008): 708–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.133.5.708.
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To understand the molecular basis of the endodormancy of buds of perennial plants, we searched for the genes that are expressed preferentially in endodormant lateral buds of the deciduous fruit tree japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) using suppression subtractive hybridization with mirror orientation selection (SSH/MOS). We generated two SSH/MOS libraries containing gene pools that are expressed preferentially in endodormant buds in comparison with paradormant or ecodormant buds to search for the genes that are upregulated by endodormancy induction or down-regulated by endodormancy release, respectively. Differential screening and sequencing indicated that genes involved in gibberellin metabolism, stress resistance, cell wall modification, and signal transduction, such as transcription factors, are upregulated in endodormant buds. After a further expression survey and full-length cDNA cloning, we found that a gene similar to the SVP/AGL24-type MADS-box transcription factor showed endodormancy-associated expression. Seasonal expression analysis suggested that the SVP/AGL24 homolog in japanese apricot might be involved in endodormancy regulation of its lateral buds.
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Fitak, Robert R., Eleanor M. Caves, and Sönke Johnsen. "Orientation in Pill Bugs: An Interdisciplinary Activity to Engage Students in Concepts of Biology, Physics & Circular Statistics." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 8 (October 1, 2018): 608–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.8.608.
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We present a novel laboratory activity to introduce students to experimental approaches often used by biologists to study orientation in animals. We first provide an overview of the current understanding of magnetoreception – the ability of some organisms to sense magnetic fields. We then outline an exercise that uses common pill bugs (Armadillidium vulgare) to examine whether a pulsed magnetic field affects their directional preference. The first part of the experiment includes the construction and visual testing of a pulse magnetizer built using low-cost and easily obtainable materials. Afterward, students examine the orientation of pill bugs both before and after being subjected to a magnetic pulse. Finally, students analyze their results with circular statistics using the open-source R coding platform, providing them experience in coding languages and statistical analysis. The interdisciplinary and biophysical nature of this experiment engages students in concepts of electromagnetic induction, magnetism, animal behavior, and statistics.
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Muchsin, Misri A. "Salik Buta: Aliran Tasawuf Aceh Abad XX." Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 42, no. 1 (July 9, 2008): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2004.421.177-198.
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This article examines the Sufi movement in Aceh by looking at its continuity since the 16th -17th century, as its golden age, to the 20th century. Based on the fact that Abdullah Ujong Rimba's explanation is considered representative, his books are taken as primary sources while others are secondary. Based on Abdullah Ujong Rimba's explanation, Salik Buta is a sect of Sufism in Aceh in the 20th century. This sect is practiced in several of center in Aceh. Historically, the doctrine of this sects is continuation and modification of Wahḍat al-Wujūd's doctrines established since 16th century. The doctrine of Salik Buta are different from those of popular Sufism. Thus, Salik Buta is considered heterodox and criticized by ulama, as Abdullah Ujong Rimba. From Abdullah Ujong RImba's criticism, it can be conclude that his thought based on syari'at or Fiqih orientation, instead of the perspective of Sufism.
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Ramkumar, J., A. K. Singhal, Ritesh Kumar Singh, and Prashant Kumar. "Butt Joining of Similar & Dissimilar Pipe Material by Cold Joining Process." Advanced Composites Letters 16, no. 5 (September 2007): 096369350701600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350701600503.
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In this work, cold butt FRP joints were developed between two similar & dissimilar pipe materials by winding up balanced glass fabric mats in varying orientation. The glass fabric mats were wetted with controlled quantity of resin and wound circumferentially at the place of joining. The strength of the cold butt joints was determined by flexural bend test, fatigue test and internal pressure leak test. It is clear from the experiments that the FRP joint strength is almost as good as the strength of the pipe material. The mechanisms of failure are also discussed.
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Huhtala, Juho-Petteri, Antti Sihvonen, Johanna Frösén, Matti Jaakkola, and Henrikki Tikkanen. "Market orientation, innovation capability and business performance." Baltic Journal of Management 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 134–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bjm-03-2013-0044.
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Purpose – The paper aims to examine the role of market orientation (MO) and innovation capability in determining business performance during an economic upturn and downturn. Design/methodology/approach – The data comprise two national-level surveys conducted in Finland in 2008, representing an economic boom, and in 2010 when the global economic crisis had hit the Finnish market. Partial least square path analysis is used to test the potential mediating effect of innovation capability on the relationship between MO and business performance during economic boom and bust. Findings – The results show that innovation capability fully mediates the performance effects of a MO during an economic upturn, whereas the mediation is only partial during a downturn. Innovation capability also mediates the relationship between a customer orientation and business performance during an upturn, whereas the mediating effect culminates in a competitor orientation during a downturn. Thus, the role of innovation capability as a mediator between the individual market-orientation components varies along the business cycle. Originality/value – This paper is one of the first studies that empirically examine the impact of the economic cycle on the relationship between strategic marketing concepts, such as MO or innovation capability, and the firm's business performance.
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Javahery, M. "DEVELOPMENT OF EGGS IN SOME TRUE BUGS (HEMIPTERA–HETEROPTERA). PART I. PENTATOMOIDEA." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 2 (April 1994): 401–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126401-2.
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AbstractDevelopment of eggs of 35 species of Nearctic and Palearctic Pentatomoidea are described. Eggs are discussed in relation to the number of ovarioles of each species, characteristics of eggs, incubation time, diapause, embryonic development, embryonic orientation, hatch, and parasitism, and are classified into two groups in relation to then-form, position of egg-burster, and hatch. Emergence of first-instar larvae is described in representatives of five families.
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Dias, Kalyani M., and Suzanne M. D. Rogers. "EFFECT OF BAP SHOCK, EXPLANT TYPE, AND EXPLANT ORIENTATION ON REGENERATION OF SWINGLE CITRUMELO." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 698a—698. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.698a.
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This study reports some factors effecting rapid regeneration of Swingle Citrumelo (Citrus paradisi × Poncirus trifoliata). Inter-nodal stem and root sections from in vitro grown seedlings were shocked with 10, 6, 2 or 0 mg/l BAP for 48 h and then transferred to hormone-free Murashige and Tucker (1961) medium gelled with 2 g/l Gelrite. Explants were cultured horizontally or vertically to study the effect of orientation on shoot initiation. BAP shock had a pronounced effect on shoot regeneration by root, but not by stem explants. Root explants shocked with 10 mg/l BAP had the highest regeneration frequency. Only vertically placed root and stem explants produced shoots. Shoot buds were first observed in root explants about 10 days after BAP shock. Stem cuttings were slow in producing shoot buds which were first seen after 25 days. A total of 53 shoots were regenerated from 48 root explants while the same number of stem cuttings produced only 11 shoots. When subcultured onto the same medium, more than 85% of the shoots rooted, and were recovered as plants. Explant type, explant orientation and cytokinin shock all influenced regeneration.
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Glover, James P., Gregory A. Sword, and Michael J. Brewer. "Photoperiod-Specific Within-Plant Distribution of the Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Cotton." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 5 (September 2, 2019): 1234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz102.
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Abstract Sampling methods for detecting stink bugs are intensive, time-consuming, and yield variable results. In a 2-yr mark-release-observe experiment, over 500 adult green stink bugs, Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), were used to test for variation in nocturnal and diurnal insect distribution patterns on cotton. Field-collected stink bugs were marked or unmarked with nontoxic fluorescent sharpie markers, released, and monitored in cotton fields at peak bloom. Stink bugs were monitored visually during day and night, aided by a handheld blacklight for nighttime observations. Within-cotton distribution insect observations were categorized by plant section (i.e., bottom, middle, and top branches), by fruiting positions and leaf surface, and by concealed or exposed orientation on floral bracts and leaf surfaces. Green stink bugs were primarily distributed on the middle and top branches irrespective of photoperiod, and on bolls in first position from the main stem. Differences in stink bugs observed concealed or exposed on fruiting structures were detected. During daytime, stink bugs were primarily observed inside the bract of bolls, and when detected on leaves concealed on the lower surface. In contrast, stink bugs were primarily outside the bract of bolls at night, and when detected on leaves were exposed on an upper surface. These results support focus on assessing internal boll injury for evaluating stink bug injury to avoid the challenges in stink bug detection observed here, and point to additional study to refine stink bug density estimation when needed.
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Liu, Zhi Hao, and Chao Lu. "Ultrasonic Phased Array 3D Imaging for the Steel Butt Weld Defects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.799.
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Ultrasonic phased array imaging detection technology combinating the focused beam and array probe movement can get powerful test information. It has been widely used in the steel butt weld detection. For making up the limitations of 2D view, in this paper,we used one-dimensional linear array probe, got 2D slice view data obtained by phased array ultrasonic S-scan, through software programming algorithm to realize 3D reconstruction of steel butt weld typical defects. Experiment shows that it can display more intuitive performance of the defects in space. Revealing a better shape, size and orientation information. Providing a reference for the final evaluation of the defect.
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Xu, Ping, Lloyd Donaldson, John Walker, Robert Evans, and Geoffrey Downes. "Effects of density and microfibril orientation on the vertical variation of low-stiffness wood in radiata pine butt logs." Holzforschung 58, no. 6 (October 1, 2004): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2004.122.
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Abstract The roles of density and microfibril angle in causing low stiffness in radiata pine butt logs were studied in detail on a 17-year-old tree. Distributions of these variables were compared with stiffness variations in the vertical direction. Results supported the hypothesis that cell ultrastructure is responsible for the vertical variation in stiffness. The microfibril orientation in tangential wall is considered to be an important factor contributing to wood stiffness because of the smaller microfibril angles compared with radial microfibril angles, and also because of the larger decrease of the microfibril angles with the rapid increase of wood stiffness in vertical direction especially in corewood zone. The microfibrils in the S3 layer fall from over 80° to angles of 54° and 51° for radial and tangential cell walls at the top of the butt log. Further study is needed for fully understanding the characteristics of S3 layers.
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Selker, Jeanne M. L., and Robert F. Lyndon. "Leaf initiation and de novo pattern formation in the absence of an apical meristem and pre-existing patterned leaves in watercress (Nasturtium officinale) axillary explants." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 625–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-079.
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The production of new buds was followed in five explants from leaf axils of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.). Watercress axillary tissue normally gives rise to a primary axillary bud and numerous roots which arise from conical organ primordia adaxial to the bud. The primary bud was excised from the explants but roots and organ primordia were left intact. A new secondary bud frequently formed within several days at a predictable position on the explant. In three cases, a set of approximately spirally arranged new leaf primordia formed in a roughly triangular region bounded by the cut edge of the explant and by a pair of existing organ primordia. Where there was variation in the shape of the triangular space, there was a corresponding variation in the pattern of leaves. Leaves formed in a closely packed cluster, but leaves originally in a single group could become recruited for different secondary buds. The first two to three leaves of a bud usually formed before an apical meristem dome was visible, but the dome could also be the first structure formed for the new bud. Prior to the appearance of the first sign of bulging for a new leaf primordium, cells at the leaf site divided and grew in a new orientation. The pattern of new leaf positioning is interpreted as arising from spatial constraints imposed by existing boundary structures and the newly formed primordia. Keywords: apical meristem, axillary buds, bud initiation, cytokinin, division orientation, leaf initiation, sequential scanning electron microscopy, phyllotaxis, watercress.
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Farahati, M. "Relationship between family communication patterns with locus of control, self esteem, shyness and communication skills in adolescents." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71992-7.
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IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigation the relationship between the dimensions of Family communication patterns (conversation orientation and conformity orientation) with adolescents’ locus of control, self esteem, Shyness and communication patterns.MethodThe participant in this study includes 367 students (232 girls and 135 boys) of first and second graders in high school in the first region of Tehran, that were chosen by available sampling method and filled the Revised family communication patterns questionnaire (RFCP), Levenson locus of control scale (IPC), Rosenberg self esteem questionnaire, shyness questionnaire of Cheeck and Buss and communication skills questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to predict each of the criterion variables by Dimensions of family communication patterns.ResultThe regression analysis result revealed that the Family conversation orientation has a positive and significant relationship with internal locus of control, high self esteem and communication skills and predicts them positively. Also Family conformity orientation has a positive and significant relationship with external locus of control and shyness and predicts them positively. And has a significant negative relationship with self esteem and predicts it negatively.ConclusionThe finding of present research show that the families with conversation orientation, who have the free, comfortable and rich relationships as a need of joyful family life, lead to the formation of internal locus of control, higher self esteem, less shyness and more communication patterns in children in comparison with the families with conformity orientation.
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Xue, Boce, Baohua Chang, Guodong Peng, Yanjun Gao, Zhijie Tian, Dong Du, and Guoqing Wang. "A Vision Based Detection Method for Narrow Butt Joints and a Robotic Seam Tracking System." Sensors 19, no. 5 (March 6, 2019): 1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051144.
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Automatic joint detection is of vital importance for the teaching of robots before welding and the seam tracking during welding. For narrow butt joints, the traditional structured light method may be ineffective, and many existing detection methods designed for narrow butt joints can only detect their 2D position. However, for butt joints with narrow gaps and 3D trajectories, their 3D position and orientation of the workpiece surface are required. In this paper, a vision based detection method for narrow butt joints is proposed. A crosshair laser is projected onto the workpiece surface and an auxiliary light source is used to illuminate the workpiece surface continuously. Then, images with an appropriate grayscale distribution are grabbed with the auto exposure function of the camera. The 3D position of the joint and the normal vector of the workpiece surface are calculated by the combination of the 2D and 3D information in the images. In addition, the detection method is applied in a robotic seam tracking system for GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding). Different filtering methods are used to smooth the detection results, and compared with the moving average method, the Kalman filter can reduce the dithering of the robot and improve the tracking accuracy significantly.
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DeVries, Zachary C., Russell Mick, and Coby Schal. "Feel the heat: activation, orientation and feeding responses of bed bugs to targets at different temperatures." Journal of Experimental Biology 219, no. 23 (September 29, 2016): 3773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.143487.
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TAKASU, Keiji, Shun-Ichiro TAKANO, Nobuo MIZUTANI, and Takashi WADA. "Flight orientation behavior of Ooencyrtus nezarae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an egg parasitoid of phytophagous bugs in soybean." Entomological Science 7, no. 3 (September 2004): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2004.00063.x.
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Barrozo, R. B., and C. R. Lazzari. "Orientation response of haematophagous bugs to CO2: the effect of the temporal structure of the stimulus." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 192, no. 8 (April 4, 2006): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-006-0120-y.
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Tolvanen, Anne. "Aboveground growth habits of two Vaccinium species in relation to habitat." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-047.
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Ramet morphology in the deciduous Vaccinium myrtillus L. and the evergreen Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. was compared between the forest and open, clear-felled habitats. Growth habits were measured in terms of branching, shoot mass, bud type, branching angle, and vertical elevation of ramets. New ramets of both species were produced from buds on the below-ground stem. Branching occurred from buds on 1-year-old shoots in young ramets. Aging and flowering induced rejuvenation, i.e., production of new shoots from buds on older shoot generations within the ramets. Sympodial V. myrtillus ramets were more branched than the predominantly monopodial V. vitis-idaea ramets. In ramets of both species, vegetative shoots grew primarily from distal buds in the forest, whereas a greater number of lower buds were activated in the ramets in the open habitat. Vaccinium myrtillus ramets grew more horizontally and had wider branching angles to increase the intercepted radiation in the forest, whereas compact, vertically growing ramets prevailed in the open habitat, where light was not limited. No difference in branch orientation was observed between habitats in V. vitis-idaea. Production of flowers was greater in the open habitat than in the forest in both species. The observed differences in growth habits between forest and open habitat were assumed to indicate high morphological plasticity in both species, allowing the plants to respond rapidly to changed environmental conditions. Key words: architecture, branching, growth habit, shrub, Vaccinium.
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Szyndler, Megan W., Kenneth F. Haynes, Michael F. Potter, Robert M. Corn, and Catherine Loudon. "Entrapment of bed bugs by leaf trichomes inspires microfabrication of biomimetic surfaces." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 83 (June 6, 2013): 20130174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0174.
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Resurgence in bed bug infestations and widespread pesticide resistance have greatly renewed interest in the development of more sustainable, environmentally friendly methods to manage bed bugs. Historically, in Eastern Europe, bed bugs were entrapped by leaves from bean plants, which were then destroyed; this purely physical entrapment was related to microscopic hooked hairs (trichomes) on the leaf surfaces. Using scanning electron microscopy and videography, we documented the capture mechanism: the physical impaling of bed bug feet (tarsi) by these trichomes. This is distinct from a Velcro-like mechanism of non-piercing entanglement, which only momentarily holds the bug without sustained capture. Struggling, trapped bed bugs are impaled by trichomes on several legs and are unable to free themselves. Only specific, mechanically vulnerable locations on the bug tarsi are pierced by the trichomes, which are located at effective heights and orientations for bed bug entrapment despite a lack of any evolutionary association. Using bean leaves as templates, we microfabricated surfaces indistinguishable in geometry from the real leaves, including the trichomes, using polymers with material properties similar to plant cell walls. These synthetic surfaces snag the bed bugs temporarily but do not hinder their locomotion as effectively as real leaves.
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Gaire, Sudip, Coby Schal, Russell Mick, and Zachary DeVries. "The Role of Antennae in Heat Detection and Feeding Behavior in the Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (October 31, 2020): 2858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa250.
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Abstract The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that has significant impacts on human health and well-being. All life stages of bed bugs (except eggs) feed solely on blood, which is required to molt and reproduce. Bed bugs use multiple cues to locate their hosts, including heat, CO2, and body odors. Of these cues, detection of heat appears limited to a short distance of <3 cm. However, it remains unclear if bed bugs can detect radiant heat, what structure(s) are responsible for heat detection, and if heat detection via the antennae is required for feeding. In this study, bed bug response to radiant heat was evaluated using the two-choice T-maze assay with the heat source either in contact with the surface (i.e., conduction) or not in contact (i.e., radiation) in nonantennectomized bed bugs. Further, we systematically ablated the bed bug’s antennal segments (distal tip, first segment, and all four segments) and assessed their responses to heat and feeding in a unique two-choice T-maze assay and individual feeding assays, respectively. Our two-choice assays with contact to or no contact with the surface indicated that bed bugs cannot detect radiant heat. Later, we found that the distal tip of the terminal antennal segment is responsible for orientation toward a heat source. However, >50% of the bed bugs fed even when the entire antenna was removed, suggesting redundancy in sensory cues that drive feeding. These results will be used to better understand the role heat plays in bed bug host attraction and design of traps.
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Gu, Sanliang, Susanne Howard, and Martin K. Walsh. "579 Effect of Shoot Positioning, Leaf Removal, Cluster Shading, and Curtain Orientation on Fruit Composition and Primary Bud Cold Hardiness in `Norton/Cynthiana' Grapevines (Vitis aestivalis)." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 546D—546. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.546d.
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The effects of shoot positioning, leaf removal, cluster shading, and curtain orientation on fruit composition and primary bud cold hardiness were investigated in mature `Norton/Cynthiana' grapevines (Vitis aestivalis) trained to Geneva double curtain (GDC) trellis system. For four years (1995–1998) juice soluble solids content, total titratable acidity, and pH were not affected shoot positioning. Cluster shading, curtain orientation, and leaf removal affected fruit composition at harvest. Fruit from the south-facing curtain of the GDC trellis system had higher juice soluble solid content, pH, and skin pigmentation than fruit from the north-facing curtain. Cluster shading decreased skin pigmentation while cluster shading at the highest level only (95%) increased pH and decreased total titratable acidity. Leaf removal, which increases light exposure of the fruit, increased juice pH in the 1997 experiment only. Juice potassium level was decreased by shoot positioning, but not cluster shading or curtain orientation. Cold hardiness of primary buds was affected by these treatments early in the winter, but the differences in primary bud cold hardiness among the treatments diminished toward the end of the dormant season.
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Charlton, W. A. "The rotated-lamina syndrome. I. Ulmaceae." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-023.
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In a number of plants, mostly woody, the components of the buds are arranged so that the laminae of the young leaves all face towards the same (upper) side of the bud, rather than towards the bud apex; in axillary buds they usually face towards the parent axis. This situation has been known for many years. For convenience, the general case is here called the rotated-lamina syndrome. There have been very few developmental investigations of how the laminae attain their unusual orientation, and these have come to different conclusions about cases in the Ulmaceae. This paper reports a detailed investigation of the syndrome in Ulmus glabra and Zelkova serrata, with comparative observations on other Ulmaceae, including cases in Celtis that do not exhibit the syndrome. The syndrome arises by different means in Ulmus and Zelkova. In Ulmus the leaf primordium is asymmetrical from the outset, the leaf blade region is obliquely dorsiventral from an early stage, and further asymmetrical growth of the leaf buttress rotates the whole leaf blade region into its final orientation as it develops. Individual shoots show heteroblastic development in progressing from bud scale to foliage leaf initiation, in increasing accentuation of the rotated-lamina syndrome, and in an increasing degree of dorsiventrality. In Zelkova, as previously described, the leaf blade region appears first as a radially symmetrical upgrowth, and it acquires dorsiventral symmetry directly in the rotated position. In Celtis spp. the lamina arises in a quite normal orientation, but reorients as it emerges from the bud. The leaf primordia of all species studied show asymmetry in other aspects, particularly in respect of stipule development, and these seem to be general features of the organisation of dorsiventral shoots. Key words: Ulmus, Zelkova, Celtis, leaf, development, dorsiventrality, lamina rotation.
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Olson, Travis A., and Melfried Olson. "Is there an app for that?" Teaching Children Mathematics 23, no. 3 (October 2016): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.23.3.0136.
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This regular department of the journal features collections of short activities focused on a monthly theme. These articles aim for an inquiry or problem-solving orientation that includes four activities each for grade bands K–2, 3–4, and 5–6. Perhaps thinking of the more than fifty national food days that are celebrated in the month of October has tickled your students' taste buds enough to work up an appetite with these word problems and learn about all the foods that our nation celebrates this month.
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Widelitz, R. B., T. X. Jiang, C. W. Chen, N. S. Stott, and C. M. Chuong. "Wnt-7a in feather morphogenesis: involvement of anterior-posterior asymmetry and proximal-distal elongation demonstrated with an in vitro reconstitution model." Development 126, no. 12 (June 15, 1999): 2577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.12.2577.
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How do vertebrate epithelial appendages form from the flat epithelia? Following the formation of feather placodes, the previously radially symmetrical primordia become anterior-posterior (A-P) asymmetrical and develop a proximo-distal (P-D) axis. Analysis of the molecular heterogeneity revealed a surprising parallel of molecular profiles in the A-P feather buds and the ventral-dorsal (V-D) Drosophila appendage imaginal discs. The functional significance was tested with an in vitro feather reconstitution model. Wnt-7a expression initiated all over the feather tract epithelium, intensifying as it became restricted first to the primordia domain, then to an accentuated ring pattern within the primordia border, and finally to the posterior bud. In contrast, sonic hedgehog expression was induced later as a dot within the primordia. RCAS was used to overexpress Wnt-7a in reconstituted feather explants derived from stage 29 dorsal skin to further test its function in feather formation. Control skin formed normal elongated, slender buds with A-P orientation, but Wnt-7a overexpression led to plateau-like skin appendages lacking an A-P axis. Feathers in the Wnt-7a overexpressing skin also had inhibited elongation of the P-D axes. This was not due to a lack of cell proliferation, which actually was increased although randomly distributed. While morphogenesis was perturbed, differentiation proceeded as indicated by the formation of barb ridges. Wnt-7a buds have reduced expression of anterior (Tenascin) bud markers. Middle (Notch-1) and posterior bud markers including Delta-1 and Serrate-1 were diffusely expressed. The results showed that ectopic Wnt-7a expression enhanced properties characteristic of the middle and posterior feather buds and suggest that P-D elongation of vertebrate skin appendages requires balanced interactions between the anterior and posterior buds.
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Darewych, Olena Helen, and Kimberly Brown Campbell. "Measuring Future Orientations and Goals With the Bridge Drawing: A Review of the Research (Le dessin du pont comme mesure des orientations futures et des buts : une revue de la recherche)." Canadian Art Therapy Association Journal 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08322473.2016.1166010.
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Geuze, H. J., J. W. Slot, G. J. Strous, A. Hasilik, and K. von Figura. "Possible pathways for lysosomal enzyme delivery." Journal of Cell Biology 101, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 2253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.101.6.2253.
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Immunogold double-labeling and ultrathin cryosections were used to compare the subcellular distribution of albumin, mannose 6-phosphate receptor (MPR), galactosyltransferase, and the lysosomal enzymes cathepsin D, beta-hexosaminidase, and alpha-glucosidase in Hep G2 cells. MPR and lysosomal enzymes were found throughout the stack of Golgi cisternae and in a trans-Golgi reticulum (TGR) of smooth-surfaced tubules with coated buds and vesicles. The trans-Golgi orientation of TGR was ascertained by the co-localization with galactosyltransferase. MPR was particularly abundant in TGR and CURL, the compartment of uncoupling receptors and ligands. Both TGR and CURL also contained lysosomal enzymes, but endogenous albumin was detected in TGR only. The coated buds on TGR tubules contained MPR, lysosomal enzymes, as well as albumin. MPR and lysosomal enzymes were also found in coated pits of the plasma membrane. CURL tubules seemed to give rise to smooth vesicles, often of the multivesicular body type. In CURL, the enzymes were found in the lumina of the smooth vesicles while MPR prevailed in the tubules. These observations suggest a role of CURL in transport of lysosomal enzymes to lysosomes. When the cells were treated with the lysosomotropic amine primaquine, binding of anti-MPR to the cells in culture was reduced by half. Immunocytochemistry showed that MPR accumulated in TGR, especially in coated buds. Since these buds contain endogenous albumin and lysosomal enzymes also, these data suggest that coated vesicles originating from TGR provide for a secretory route in Hep G2 cells and that this pathway is followed by the MPR system as well.
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Sachs, T. "The Role of Auxin in the Polar Organisation of Apical Meristems." Functional Plant Biology 20, no. 5 (1993): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9930541.
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Auxin is a correlative signal, coordinating leaf development with vascular differentiation and other developmental processes throughout the plant. It has a unique influence on the orientation of the differentiation of the cambium and its products. The problem considered was whether auxin has similar correlative roles in the development of meristematic stems. Seedlings of Pisum sativum L. were decapitated and the buds in the axil of the lower bract were used in all experiments. The lower stem internodes of these buds were ≤ 2 mm long and grew to about 50 mm in 6 d. The elongation of a stem internode continued even in the absence of all young leaves. However, vascular differentiation and transverse parenchyma growth correlated with the presence of developing leaves. Auxin replaced leaf effects on all stem tissues. The influence of both leaves and auxin were limited to the direction of the roots and to the sectors of the stem below the point of auxin application. This polarity differed from that of more mature tissues in requiring a direct contact with the roots. Another characteristic of minute stem internodes was that changes of orientation, expressed by cell shape and the axis of vascular differentiation, did not occur readily. However, at a narrow competence window local hormone applications did cause the formation of new stem-like axes. It is concluded that auxin is a correlative signal even within shoot apices and that the information it carries has an essential directional com- ponent. This directionality has not been studied at the cellular level.
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Ribeiro, Rafael Vasconcelos, Glauco de Souza Rolim, Fernando Alves de Azevedo, and Eduardo Caruso Machado. "'Valencia' sweet orange tree flowering evaluation under field conditions." Scientia Agricola 65, no. 4 (2008): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162008000400010.
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Since citrus flowering is a key process in citriculture and its evaluation is often difficult due to the canopy structure and field sampling, the aim of this research was to give some directions regarding the evaluation of flowering in field-grown sweet orange plants. This study was conducted in a citrus orchard of sweet orange plants cv. 'Valencia' [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] grafted on 'Cleopatra' mandarin (Citrus reshni hort. ex Tanaka) or 'Rangpur' lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) rootstocks, with North-South orientation. Generative structures [buds, flowers and fruitlets (diameter < 3 cm)] were quantified weekly between August and November 2005, by using a 1 m² frame positioned at the middle third of plant canopy, sampling a volume of about 1 m³. Frames were divided in two parts so that two people could take measurements, and were positioned at Southeast, Southwest, Northeast and Northwest orientations, using seven plants. The following flowering parameters were: (i) number of plants necessary for a representative evaluation of flowering; (ii) plant canopy position to be sampled, and (iii) volume to be evaluated. When considering practical aspects of crop production, a rapid, simple and representative method for flowering evaluation is necessary, especially for growers that frequently have to make strategic decisions about the management of citrus groves. The flowering of field-grown 'Valencia' sweet orange plants can be rapidly assessed by considering at least five plants and sampling canopy volumes of 0.5 m³ in at least one canopy position on each side of the plant row.
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Turmanidze, Raul, and Giorgi Popkhadze. "Selection Criteria of Optimal Characteristic Material and Technologies for Precision Processing of Basic Working Surface of Human Hip-Joint Implant." Solid State Phenomena 261 (August 2017): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.261.28.
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In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task.In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.
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Zhang, Peng Lin, Juan Dong, and Li Cao. "Analysis the Results of TOFD Inspection in Butt Joint Welds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.66.
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In the application of the TOFD inspection method, the analysis of test results is the focus and aporia of the study. TOFD image analysis include: analysis of defect size, location analysis and defect map features. In order to increase people's understanding of the TOFD technique, given butt joint welds TOFD and RT detect. The paper introduces basic process of defect using the TOFD method, describes method of quantitative orientation of the defect in detail, analyzes the localization and quantification of defects in detection. Determine the qualitative of defects by Ray photographs and analyze the characteristics of the defects of this nature in the TOFD image.
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Turmanidze, Raul, Predrag Dašić, and Giorgi Popkhadze. "Selection criteria of optimal characteristic material and technologies for precision processing of basic working surface of human hip-joint implant." MATEC Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818401015.
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In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.
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Setyawan, Fauzan Dary, and Rahesli Humsona. "POLA PEMBINAAN SISWA DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA/AYAYASAN KESEJAHTERAAN ANAK-ANAK BUTA SURAKARTA DALAM MEMBENTUK KESADARAN SOSIAL, KRETIFITAS DAN KETERAMPILAN." Journal of Development and Social Change 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jodasc.v2i2.41664.
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<p>This research aims to (1) know the role of family in everyday life for children and Blind in the SLB/A YKAB Surakarta City. (2) Know the pattern of coaching conducted by SLB/A YKAB Surakarta City for children with the blind in the foundation. (3) Knowing the efforts made to foster social awareness and creativity for the blind child who is in SLB/A-YKAB Surakarta city. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The data collection techniques used are observations not participating and in-depth interviews. This research used Role Theory by Robert Linton. Role Theory is a combination of theory, orientation, and scientific discipline other than psychology. Role theory begins and it is still used in sociology and anthropology (Sarwono, 2002). and then it is also used Social Capital Theory by Fukuyama. This theory consists some elements like trust, reciprocal, social network, social interaction, norm and responsibility. The informant used as a data source in this research is 1 from the party of SLB/A YKAB Foundation, 3 persons SLB/A YKAB, 4 children of blind students who are built in SLB/A YKAB, 1 person in the dorm, 2 parents, 1 people who are around SLB/A YKAB. The informant selection technique is done by purposive sampling technique. The date analysis techniques used consist of four phases: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion withdrawal.</p><p>The results of this research show that (1) SLB/A YKAB Surakarta City provides guidance for students with visual impairments using a trust factor, which is to be parents who give attention and affection like their biological parents. Then the responsibility factor being a teacher who provides knowledge and learning in accordance with their education level. (2) In addition to the social network factor, students are given additional material in the form of Mobility Orientation. (3) And in fostering social awareness in accordance with the factors of social interaction is by inviting students to interact with the surrounding community as in mobility orientation subject, students are invited to leave the school environment and interact with the general public outside the school environment and given additional extracurricular lessons such as music, massage and sports such as tennis.</p>
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Ali, Md Sohrab, and Kihachiro Kikuzawa. "Anisophylly in Aucuba japonica (Cornaceae): An outcome of spatial crowding in the bud." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-157.
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Anisophylly in Aucuba japonica Thunb. occurs exclusively in axillary buds on shoots of individuals that have reached reproductive maturity; juvenile plants or sprouts and shoots from terminal vegetative buds on adult plants are isophyllous. The initially smaller leaf primordium in each anisophyllous leaf pair gives rise to the larger final leaf size. Immediately before bud break, the size of the initially smaller primordium is already almost twice as large as the initially larger primordium, and the size differential is further amplified following bud break. The degree of aniso phylly, however, varies among the nodes of a shoot, depending on leaf pair orientation (tangential or parallel to the inflorescence axis) and nodal position. Paired leaves approach isophylly when they originate tangential to an inflorescence but become anisophyllous when originating parallel to an inflorescence. The degree of anisophylly depends on crown light conditions through effects on terminal bud size and foliage distribution on the shoot, but ultimately appears to arise from space limitations and crowding between the leaf primordia and the developing inflorescence in terminal reproductive buds.Key words: Aucuba, anisophylly, bud internal morphology, developmental anatomy, developmental constraints.
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Manrique, Gabriel, and Marcelo Lorenzo. "The Sexual Behaviour of Chagas' Disease Vectors: Chemical Signals Mediating Communication between Male and Female Triatomine Bugs." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/862891.
Full textAbstract:
Chemical communication mechanisms that mediate sexual behaviour in triatomine bugs are reviewed with regard to source, identity, and function of sex pheromones. Males attempt to copulate but may be rejected, depending on female age and nutritional status. Triatomine males locate partners through sex pheromones emitted by the metasternal glands (MGs) of females. These activate males, inducing them to leave their refuges and initiate flight. Wandering males display anemotactic orientation modulated by chemical signals emitted from female MGs. Analyses of the MG secretions of several species resulted in the identification of numerous ketones, acetals, and alcohols. Occlusion experiments showed that Brindley’s gland products were not required for mating. Metasternal gland volatiles are emitted by virgin male and female bugs, with detection over females occurring more consistently, especially during the early scotophase, suggesting female calling behaviour. Mating triatomine females have been reported to attract males that tend to copulate successively with them. Mating males prolong mating and postcopulatory mate guarding in the presence of other males. This is indicative of a polyandrous mating system in several triatomine species. Its potential advantages remain unknown, and comparative studies are required to increase our understanding of triatomine reproductive strategies.