Academic literature on the topic 'Origin-destination-specific'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Origin-destination-specific.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Origin-destination-specific"
1
Carpenter, Charles, Mark Fowler, and Thomas J. Adler. "Generating Route-Specific Origin–Destination Tables Using Bluetooth Technology." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2308, no. 1 (2012): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2308-10.
Full text
2
Hirama, Kazuki, Kaeko Yokota, Yusuke Otsuka, Kazumi Watanabe, Naoto Yabe, and Yoshinori Hawai. "Investigating Factors Related to Criminal Trips of Residential Burglars Using Spatial Interaction Modeling." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 6 (2022): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11060346.
Full textAbstract:
This study used spatial interaction modeling to examine whether origin-specific and destination-specific factors, distance decay effects, and spatial structures explain the criminal trips of residential burglars. In total, 4041 criminal trips committed by 892 individual offenders who lived and committed residential burglary in Tokyo were analyzed. Each criminal trip was allocated to an origin–destination pair created from the combination of potential departure and arrival zones. The following explanatory variables were created from an external dataset and used: residential population, density of residential burglaries, and mobility patterns of the general population. The origin-specific factors served as indices of not only the production of criminal trips, but also the opportunity to commit crimes in the origin zones. Moreover, the criminal trips were related to the mobility patterns of the general population representing daily leisure (noncriminal) trips, and relatively large origin- and destination-based spatial spillover effects were estimated. It was shown that considering not only destination-specific but also origin-specific factors, spatial structures are important for investigating the criminal trips of residential burglars. The current findings could be applicable to future research on geographical profiling by incorporating neighborhood-level factors into existing models.
3
Graser, Anita, Johanna Schmidt, Florian Roth, and Norbert Brändle. "Untangling origin-destination flows in geographic information systems." Information Visualization 18, no. 1 (2017): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871617738122.
Full textAbstract:
Origin–destination flow maps are a popular option to visualize connections between different spatial locations, where specific routes between the origin and destination are unknown or irrelevant. Visualizing origin–destination flows is challenging mainly due to visual clutter which appears quickly as data sets grow. Clutter reduction techniques are intensively explored in the information visualization and cartography domains. However, current automatic techniques for origin–destination flow visualization, such as edge bundling, are not available in geographic information systems which are widely used to visualize spatial data, such as origin–destination flows. In this article, we explore the applicability of edge bundling to spatial data sets and necessary adaptations under the constraints inherent to platform-independent geographic information system scripting environments. We propose (1) a new clustering technique for origin–destination flows that provides within-cluster consistency to speed up computations, (2) an edge bundling approach based on force-directed edge bundling employing matrix computations, (3) a new technique to determine the local strength of a bundle leveraging spatial indexes, and (4) a geographic information system–based technique to spatially offset bundles describing different flow directions. Finally, we evaluate our method by applying it to origin–destination flow data sets with a wide variety of different data characteristics.
4
Dyrting, Sigurd, and Andrew Taylor. "Smoothing destination-specific migration flows." Annals of Regional Science 67, no. 2 (2021): 359–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-021-01051-4.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAccurately estimating age profiles for destination-specific migration is requisite to understanding the determinants of population growth and projecting future change as migration is the primary growth determinant for most regions. In Australia, place-to-place flows based on the age profile of migration derived from census data are commonly used to empirically estimate destination-specific internal migration. However, such flows are heterogeneous and census data is imperfect for accurately generating migration-age profiles. Demographers have addressed this by developing a range of methods for smoothing migration probabilities. These address smoothing on a bi-regional basis, primarily with one destination–origin pairing. We propose a non-parametric method for smoothing destination-specific migration probabilities which can be applied to multi-regional smoothing and is within the generation–distribution framework of Rogers et al. (Environ Plan A 34:341–359, 2002). We demonstrate that, if total age-specific out-migration has already been estimated, smoothing destination-specific migration ratios provides a solution to imperfect input data. Using the example of Australian interstate migration, we show how the method can give an accurate fit to the migration ratio profile across high-curvature ages and a good treatment of sample noise both when the population at risk is low, such as at advanced ages, and when the destination has a low conditional probability of migration. An implementation of the method is available as an Excel add-in.
5
Silver, Dan, Julia Seltzer, Stan Hsieh, Dara Seidl, Farhad Siraj, and Mindy Rhindress. "Exclusion of Nonspecific Geocodes and the Representation of Ridership Profiles in Survey Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2643, no. 1 (2017): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2643-04.
Full textAbstract:
To construct responsive travel models, transportation modelers must have accurate geocoding data; only the addresses with specific geocodes (i.e., addresses with high specificity) are retained in the data, and addresses with nonspecific geocodes (i.e., addresses with low specificity, such as at the municipality level) are excluded, replaced, or imputed. Whether this practice introduces bias in the data and leads to potential inaccuracies in models that are subsequently constructed has not been evaluated. Between December 2014 and November 2015, the Metro-North Railroad (MNR) Origin and Destination Survey collected data from Hudson Line riders, who were asked to chronicle trips from start to finish. The accuracy and specificity of the address data varied. Some respondents provided information in all possible data fields (street address or intersection, city, state, and zip code), but their addresses were geocoded to a lower level of geographic accuracy because the batch geocoder could not interpret a valid address from the combined data. The differences between MNR riders who provided specific destination addresses and MNR riders who provided nonspecific destination addresses in New York City were analyzed. The primary cause for this difference was found to be a respondent’s reasons for traveling and destination type and not a respondent’s demographic profile or specific destination location within the New York City region.
6
Kladou, Stella, Antonios A. Giannopoulos, and Ioannis Assiouras. "Matching tourism type and destination image perceptions in a country context." Journal of Place Management and Development 7, no. 2 (2014): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-11-2013-0024.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate the possible options for matching country destination image with different types of tourism to explain general attributes towards specific forms of tourism, based on previous research on country of origin effects. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research design is used for the purpose of the study. Findings – Data analysis demonstrates that the perception of the destination image in a country context varies across various types of tourism in most of the cases investigated. Moreover, the research outcomes portray a close relationship between the match of country image – tourism type and the willingness to visit a destination. Practical implications – The study assists tourism practitioners and policy makers in gaining a better understanding of whether tourists conceive all forms of tourism in a specific country favourably, simply because they link favourable dimensions to that particular country, or whether they perceive only certain types of tourism favourably. Originality/value – This study is among the first to empirically demonstrate the effect of match/mismatch of country destination image with the type of tourism on the willingness to visit, based on specific primary travel motives.
7
Cohen, Joel E., Marta Roig, Daniel C. Reuman, and Cai GoGwilt. "International migration beyond gravity: A statistical model for use in population projections." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 40 (2008): 15269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0808185105.
Full textAbstract:
International migration will play an increasing role in the demographic future of most nations if fertility continues to decline globally. We developed an algorithm to project future numbers of international migrants from any country or region to any other. The proposed generalized linear model (GLM) used geographic and demographic independent variables only (the population and area of origins and destinations of migrants, the distance between origin and destination, the calendar year, and indicator variables to quantify nonrandom characteristics of individual countries). The dependent variable, yearly numbers of migrants, was quantified by 43653 reports from 11 countries of migration from 228 origins and to 195 destinations during 1960–2004. The final GLM based on all data was selected by the Bayesian information criterion. The number of migrants per year from origin to destination was proportional to (population of origin)0.86(area of origin)−0.21(population of destination)0.36(distance)−0.97, multiplied by functions of year and country-specific indicator variables. The number of emigrants from an origin depended on both its population and its population density. For a variable initial year and a fixed terminal year 2004, the parameter estimates appeared stable. Multiple R2, the fraction of variation in log numbers of migrants accounted for by the starting model, improved gradually with recentness of the data: R2 = 0.57 for data from 1960 to 2004, R2 = 0.59 for 1985–2004, R2 = 0.61 for 1995–2004, and R2 = 0.64 for 2000–2004. The migration estimates generated by the model may be embedded in deterministic or stochastic population projections.
8
Lodigiani, Elisabetta, and Sara Salomone. "Migration-induced transfers of norms: the case of female political empowerment." Journal of Demographic Economics 86, no. 4 (2020): 435–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2020.7.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the effect of transnational migrants on gender equality in the country of origin measured by the share of women enrolled in the lower chamber of National Parliaments. We test for a “migration-induced transfer of norm” using panel data from 1970 to 2010 in 10-year intervals. Total international migration has a positive and significant effect on female political empowerment in countries of origin conditional on the initial female parliamentary participation in both origin and destination countries. Endogeneity issues are taken into account and results are tested under specific geo-political subsamples.
9
Llano, Carlos, Santiago Pérez-Balsalobre, and Julian Pérez-García. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Intra-National Freight Transport: Measurement and Scenarios for Greater Sustainability in Spain." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (2018): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072467.
Full textAbstract:
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions is a topic of major concern worldwide. Following previous articles which provide a methodology for estimating GHG emissions associated with international trade by transport mode at the world level, in this paper, we estimate an equivalent database of GHG emissions for inter-regional trade flows within a country (Spain). To this end, we built a new database of GHG emissions for origin–destination flows between Spanish provinces during 1995–2015. For each year, we combine industry-specific flows by four transport modes (road, train, ship and aircraft) with the corresponding GHG emissions factor for each mode in tons*km, drawn from the specialized literature. With this dataset of GHG emissions, we generate and analyze the temporal, sectoral and spatial pattern of Spanish inter-regional GHG flows. We then forecast emissions for 2016–2030 and consider how transport mode shifts might produce a more sustainable freight system within the country through the substitution of environmentally friendly alternatives (railway) for specific origin–destination–product flows in high-polluting modes (road).
10
Yang, Shu, Chengchuan An, Yao-Jan Wu, and Jingxin Xia. "Origin–Destination-Based Travel Time Reliability." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2643, no. 1 (2017): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2643-16.
Full textAbstract:
Travel time reliability (TTR) is an important performance indicator for transportation systems. TTR can be generally categorized as either segment based or origin–destination (O-D) based. A primary difference between the two TTR estimations is that route information is implied in segment-based TTR estimations. Segment-based TTR estimations have been widely studied in previous research; however, O-D–based TTR estimations are used infrequently. This paper provides detailed insight into O-D–based TTR estimations and raises three new issues: ( a) How many routes do travelers usually take and what are the TTR values associated with these routes? ( b) Do statistical differences exist between route-specific and non-route-specific (NRS) TTR values? ( c) How can O-D–based TTR information be delivered? Two processes were proposed to address the issues. Three TTR measures—standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and buffer index—were calculated. The bootstrapping technique was used to measure the accuracy of the TTR measures. Approximate confidence intervals were used to investigate statistically the differences between route-specific and NRS TTR measures. A large quantity of taxicab GPS-based data provided data support for estimating O-D–based TTR measures. The results of O-D–based TTR measures showed that no statistically significant differences existed between route-specific and NRS TTR measures for most of the time periods examined. Statistically significant differences could still be found in some time periods. Travelers may take advantage of these differences to choose a more reliable route. Access to both numeric TTR values and route preference, instead of just to TTR information on segments of interest, can be beneficial to travelers in planning an entire trip.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Origin-destination-specific"
1
Rangkuti, Hasnani. "Migration out of Central Java: 1971–2010." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109180.
Full textAbstract:
Migration within Indonesia has a long history, a history associated with the uneven distribution of population across the archipelago that has persisted over centuries. Throughout this history, out-migration has been associated with population policy and, in particular, with one province, Central Java. The main objective of the thesis is to investigate contemporary patterns of population movement within Indonesia and to situate Central Java in the overall migration pattern. Specifically the thesis examines patterns and changes in inter-provincial migration, calculates rates of primary, onward and return migration for Central Java, and investigates employment outcomes and marital assimilation of Central Java’s migrants in selected destinations. Utilising the five censuses of Indonesia from 1971 to 2010, the thesis found that Central Java was the largest source of out-migration in all the censuses, and was strongly connected with movements into two provinces: Jakarta and Yogyakarta. I argue that the connectedness between Central Java and Jakarta is related to economic opportunities while similarity in culture and proximity are the key connectivities between Central Java and Yogyakarta. Over time, the proportion of primary and onward migration to Jakarta declined substantially. At the same time, the proportion moving to West Java increased significantly. A substantial proportion of Central Java primary migrants was also found in Kepulauan Riau. I argue that the decline in the proportion of primary and onward migration to Jakarta is due to the economic extension of Jakarta to its peripheral regions in West Java and Banten. Comparing three destinations, Central Java primary migrants are less likely, as opposed to non-migrants, to be employed in Semarang Metropolitan Region (SMR) and are more likely to be employed in Jakarta Metropolitan Region (JMR) and Batam-Bintan-Karimun (BBK). In JMR, Central Java primary female migrants are less likely to work in manufacturing relative to Central Java primary male migrants. In contrast, in BBK, Central Java primary female migrants are more likely to work in manufacturing relative to Central Java primary male migrants. The nature of the manufacturing industry in the destination influences the gender of the migrants. I also find that private-assisted labour movement acts as a gateway for migrants to seek better opportunities in distant places. From a social perspective, patterns of marital assimilation of Central Javanese husbands and wives are higher when measured by ethno-migration status that is, province of birth than they are by ethnicity. I argue that ethnicity is a better variable for measuring patterns of inter-marriage than ethno-migration status. When they do inter-marry, Central Javanese migrants favour marriage with local people compared with marrying people from other groups. Exogamous marriage is lower in JMR than it is in BBK when measured by either ethno-migration status or ethnicity. While education homogamy is the norm in all ethnic pairing type marriages, I found that hyper-gamy is more likely to be found in exogamous marriages than in endogamous marriages. As the levels of educational differences between husband and wife increases the likelihood of inter-marrying increases. As opposed to Javanese intra-marriages, Javanese husbands and wives who are in inter-marriages are more likely to marry down than to marry equally on education in both BBK and JMR. This means that status exchange on education applies among Central Javanese who inter-married local people in BBK and JMR. By examining patterns and outcomes of migration out of Central Java, my thesis contributes to the literature in understanding contemporary patterns of inter-provincial migration, and employment and marital assimilation of migrants who originate from the same place of origin but who migrate to different places of destination.
Books on the topic "Origin-destination-specific"
1
Délano Alonso, Alexandra. Shifting Diaspora Policies toward Integration in the Country of Destination. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190688578.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explains the rationale behind the Mexican government’s gradual shift in discourse to make integration a priority goal of its diaspora policies. It also draws on examples of other Latin American governments that have begun to adopt similar policies or language. Compared to more widespread diaspora engagement strategies focused on development, these origin-country-led integration and social protection programs arise in a highly specific context responding to three main factors: first, the large percentage of Latin American migrants that is undocumented; second, the context of the country of destination, specifically the political discourse and the resources deployed to support or limit services for immigrants; and third, the strategic role of these policies as diplomatic tools, in the context of bilateral relations with both the destination country and other countries whose populations share similar challenges.
Book chapters on the topic "Origin-destination-specific"
1
Erlinghagen, Marcel, Andreas Ette, Norbert F. Schneider, and Nils Witte. "Between Origin and Destination: German Migrants and the Individual Consequences of Their Global Lives." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67498-4_1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDuring the twentieth century, international migration was mainly understood as immigration into economically highly developed welfare states. This has changed over the course of recent decades because these countries are meanwhile also understood as important sources of international mobility. Whereas international mobility experiences have potentially far-reaching consequences for social inequalities and life chances, migration studies have only little experience in analysing international migration from those economically highly developed welfare states. This introduction frames the chapters in this volume that contribute to fill this gap by examining the individual consequences of global lives not only as a question of migrants’ integration into receiving societies (destination). Rather, the consequences of international mobility are also studied by comparing migrants with the non-mobile population of the country of origin (origin) and as results of specific trajectories (migration) in individual life courses during the migration process (Destination-Origin-Migration Approach). The introduction also provides an overview of how this approach is utilised by the different chapters of the book, all based on the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study (GERPS), which provides a comprehensive empirical basis for studying the consequences of international migration along four dimensions of the life course: employment and social mobility, partner and family, wellbeing and health, as well as friends and social integration.
2
Lulle, Aija. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Latvian Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51245-3_17.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter shows that Latvia is a country whose diaspora policies are shaped by ethnic identity arguments that introduce some differences of treatment between two categories of individuals residing abroad: citizens and the specific category of Russian-origin “non-citizens”. We show that, because most of diaspora concentrates in Western destination countries with strong welfare states, Latvia has little incentives to act in this area. Social protection policies in Latvia are mainly related to repatriation support. Repatriation is understood as help to return for those, mainly ethnic Latvians, who left the country before 1990s. Support for recent emigrants is limited to consular support, gradual extension of opportunities to vote from abroad, language training, weekend schools. In 2018, the first pilot programme was carried out to provide information support for return migrants under the umbrella of regional development vision in Latvia.
3
Molnár, András J. "Modeling the Variety of Trip Opportunities in Recreational Route Networks." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210491.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we deal with the question of how the variety of trip opportunities can be modeled in – possibly complex – recreational trail networks (such as hiking paths or cycling ways). In order to quantify the variety of possible loop trips starting from specific trailheads (starting nodes accessible from outside the network) and the variety of connecting trips between specific origin-destination pairs, two novel measures of Loop Trip Variety Index (LTVI) and Connecting Trip Variety Index (CTVI) are proposed preliminarily and informally in [12], respectively, in the frame of assessing the impacts of some recent trail network developments. This paper establishes the formal definitions of improved variants of these measures, shows their well-definedness, presents the algorithms of their computation, investigates on their properties and benefits, and gives reasons of how and to what extent they can be treated as models of trip variety. Possible uses, application areas and future improvements are sketched especially for visitor management planning and profile-based trip recommendation systems.
4
Gnanapragasam, Sam N., Max Pemberton, and Dinesh Bhugra. "Social psychiatry, refugees, and asylum seekers." In Oxford Textbook of Social Psychiatry, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Driss Moussaoui, and Tom J. Craig. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198861478.003.0017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Geopolitical determinants contribute to the flow of forced migrants across national borders. Refugees and asylum seekers face a number of distinct challenges before, during, and after the period of physical displacement. The term ‘migrant’ can be used to imply a voluntary process, for economic reasons among others. This is not the case for refugees or asylum seekers, who are unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for a number of reasons. As such, it is important to consider refugees and asylum seekers distinctly, to understand the drivers for movement (mostly push factors but occasionally pull factors), the unique stressors they face, specific obligations owed under international law, and the implications for their mental health. There is heterogeneity within this population due to age, gender, ethnicity, genetic composition, socio-economic status, cultural background, persecution context, country of origin, and destination. These characteristics have a significant impact on vulnerability, resilience, and lived experience. They carry with them cultural capital. This chapter describes challenges and potential solutions.
5
Devereux, Michael P., Alan J. Auerbach, Michael Keen, Paul Oosterhuis, Wolfgang Schön, and John Vella. "Fundamental Reform Options." In Taxing Profit in a Global Economy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808060.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter sets out and evaluates a number of possible reform options; we group options by four broad locations in which profit could be taxed. First, profit could in principle be taxed in the country of residence of the owners of the business. A second option is the country of residence of the parent company or business headquarters. A third option is the country where the business undertakes its functions and activities, or where its assets—defined broadly to include financial assets—are held. We refer to this location as ‘origin’. And finally, a business could be taxed in the location of its customers. We refer to this location as ‘destination’. Each of the activities taking place in these four locations might be thought to be necessary, but not sufficient, for the generation of profit, and therefore generate a nexus which would justify taxation. We evaluate specific options according to the five criteria set out in Chapter 2.
6
Ocalir-Akunal, Ebru V. "A Web Based Decision Support System (DSS) for Individuals' Urban Travel Alternatives." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8648-9.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
The progress in web based DSS technologies in recent decades has given individuals many opportunities to make their business environments and daily lives so easier that could never been imagined before. Use of traffic information systems are getting wider. In this study, a decision support system for individuals' travel alternatives between any origin and destination points in urban areas is described. The original study is derived from a project prepared for the Ankara Municipality (Turkey). The described project gave individuals opportunity to select among all travel alternatives under different criteria, both for public transport riders and car users. It is a web based DSS, which uses GIS. The Floyd-Warshall algorithm has been used to solve all-pairs shortest path problem. Static data are based on base map, addresses, point of interests, lines, stops, schedules, etc. The dynamic data are received from the online vehicle tracking system. The design of the project is given to help other researchers design their projects according to the requirements specific for their own cities.
7
Ocalir-Akunal, Ebru V. "A Web Based Decision Support System (DSS) for Individuals' Urban Travel Alternatives." In Civil and Environmental Engineering. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9619-8.ch025.
Full textAbstract:
The progress in web based DSS technologies in recent decades has given individuals many opportunities to make their business environments and daily lives so easier that could never been imagined before. Use of traffic information systems are getting wider. In this study, a decision support system for individuals' travel alternatives between any origin and destination points in urban areas is described. The original study is derived from a project prepared for the Ankara Municipality (Turkey). The described project gave individuals opportunity to select among all travel alternatives under different criteria, both for public transport riders and car users. It is a web based DSS, which uses GIS. The Floyd-Warshall algorithm has been used to solve all-pairs shortest path problem. Static data are based on base map, addresses, point of interests, lines, stops, schedules, etc. The dynamic data are received from the online vehicle tracking system. The design of the project is given to help other researchers design their projects according to the requirements specific for their own cities.
8
Dogra, N. N., O. P. Thakur, and Satish Kumar. "Conservation and Development of Pre-Historic Geosites and Tourism." In Destination Management and Marketing. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2469-5.ch049.
Full textAbstract:
History has always been a perennial source of man's keen curiosity and great interest. An ever-growing significance of Geosites, museums, monuments and sites of archaeological importance, the world over, is evidence to it. The tremendously growing tourism industry, in fact, has its origin in this very fact. Of late, alongside the concept of theme parks, the innovative idea of exploring the important sites revealing specific events (climatic, tectonic, thermal, magmatic, geomorphic, extra-telluric etc.) through geological history or associated with the evolution of mankind and the present day biodiversity as well, through the earth history of 4.6 billion years and also using them as a potential tourist resource is steadily getting ground. If exploration of prehistoric geosites and development of important sites for information, education and awareness of people could be judiciously integrated with tourism promotion, it may have synergistic implications as the sites would act as a unique touristic appeal and the tourism itself will support the former concept financially and otherwise, as well. India, on account of its unique geological history vis-a-vis physiographic, biotic and geoheritage manifestations of varied geo-events and consequently meteorological differences prevailing in, is one of the richest repository of varied geo-heritage sites including bio-sites studded with record and documentation of evolutionary lineages essentially needed to unravel the history of earth and understanding the palaeo-prevailed environmental scenario through earth's history and intensity of natural processes operating upon ever since the earth's origin. The present paper aims at comprehensively examining the prehistoric geosites in India, in an attempt to identify some of the areas with richer heritage in this regard. Some of the geologically more important sites with rich geoheritage and also prominent areas of tourism promotion are discussed in this paper, so as to conserve this invaluable treasure of earth history in the today's era of squeezing space on the face of rapid Industrialization and infra-structural developmental activities.
Conference papers on the topic "Origin-destination-specific"
1
Lu, Alex, Thomas Marchwinski, Robert Culhane, and Xiaojing Wei. "Estimation of Pre-COVID19 Daily Ridership Patterns From Paper and Electronic Ticket Sales Data With Origin-Destination, Time-Of-Day, and Train-Start Detail on a Commuter Railroad: Quick-Response Big Data Analytics in a World Steeped With Tradition." In 2021 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2021-59109.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Our niche method independently estimates hourly commuter rail station-to-station origin-destination (OD) matrix data each day from ticket sales and activation data from four sales channels (paper/mobile tickets, mail order, and onboard sales) by extending well-established transportation modelling methodologies. This algorithm’s features include: (1) handles multi-pack pay-per-ride fare instruments not requiring electronic validation, like ten-trip paper tickets “punched” onboard by railroad conductors; (2) correctly infers directionality for direction-agnostic ticket-types; (3) estimates unlimited ride ticket utilization patterns sufficiently precisely to inform vehicle assignment/scheduling; (4) provides integer outputs without allowing rounding to affect control totals nor introduce artifacts; (5) deals gracefully with cliff-edge changes in demand, like the COVID19 related lockdown; and (6) allocates hourly traffic to each train-start based on passenger choice. Our core idea is that the time of ticket usage is ultimately a function of the time of sale and ticket type, and mutual transformation is made via probability density functions (“patterns”) given sufficient distribution data. We generated pre-COVID daily OD matrices and will eventually extend this work to post-COVID inputs. Results were provided to operations planners using visual and tabular interfaces. These matrices represent data never previously available by any method; prior OD surveys required 100,000 respondents, and even then could neither provide daily nor hourly levels of detail, and could not monitor special event ridership nor specific seasonal travel such as summer Friday afternoons.
2
Temes Cordovez, Rafael R., Dolores Hernández Fernández de Rojas, Alfonso Moya Fuero, and Jaume Martí Garrido. "APP R-ALERGO: allergy-healthy routes in Valencia." In Virtual City and Territory. Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8145.
Full textAbstract:
On the urban areas there are sources of information about the exposition to environmental allergens and others potential factors of allergies, such as: weather conditions, vegetation, urban morphology, etc. For the last two years we have been developing, together with the “La Fe” Hospital of Valencia, the Cartography Institute of Valencia (Instituto Cartografico Valenciano), and the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), a mobile phone App to help citizens to avoid high environmental allergens exposure areas while they are walking around the city. The App uses modified grid calculations where impedances have been calculated based on the variables that affect allergens exposure: temperature, humidity and wind direction, pollution level, trees, pollination, season period, pet areas, fountains and water surfaces. People’s allergy information and the factors that have effects on the allergens exposure were agreed by a group of specialized doctors. The design follows the recommendations of the Agency of Health Quality of Andalucia (Agencia de Calidad Sanitaria de Andalucia). R-ALERGO is the first App to avoid the exposure to air allergens in Spain. The App works following 4 steps: 1st Patient profile; 2nd Definition of the origin-destination of the route; 3rd Calculation of the route with the lower exposure to allergens; 4th Specific recommendations for users. The App R-ALERGO is developed following the concept of other applications dedicated to improve life quality of citizens and recovering, by using the idea of Smart Cities, the link between medicine and health, with the purpose of achieving more responsible cities towards their citizens.
3
Dolphin, B. H., W. D. Richins, and S. R. Novascone. "Automating Risk Assessments of Hazardous Material Shipments for Transportation Routes and Mode Selection." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38880.
Full textAbstract:
The METEOR (Model to Evaluate Transportation Effects of Risk) project at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) successfully addresses the difficult problem in risk assessment analyses of combining the results from bounding deterministic simulation results with probabilistic (Monte Carlo) risk assessment techniques. This paper describes a software suite designed to perform sensitivity and cost/benefit analyses on selected transportation routes and vehicles to minimize risk associated with the shipment of hazardous materials. METEOR uses Monte Carlo techniques to estimate the probability of an accidental release of a hazardous substance along a proposed transportation route. A METEOR user selects the mode of transportation, origin and destination points, and charts the route using interactive graphics. Inputs to METEOR (many selections built in) include crash rates for the specific aircraft, soil/rock type and population densities over the proposed route, and bounding limits for potential accident types (velocity, temperature, etc.). New vehicle, materials, and location data are added when available. If the risk estimates are unacceptable, the risks associated with alternate transportation modes or routes can be quickly evaluated and compared. Systematic optimizing methods will provide the user with the route and vehicle selection identified with the lowest risk of hazardous material release. The effects of a selected range of potential accidents such as vehicle impact, fire, fuel explosions, excessive containment pressure, flooding, etc. are evaluated primarily using hydrocodes capable of accurately simulating the material response of critical containment components. Bounding conditions that represent credible accidents (i.e., for an impact event, velocity, orientations, and soil conditions) are used as input parameters to the hydrocode models yielding correlation functions relating accident parameters to component damage. The Monte Carlo algorithms use random number generators to make selections at the various decision points such as crash, location, etc. For each pass through the routines, when a crash is randomly selected, crash parameters are then used to determine if failure has occurred using either external look up tables, correlations functions from deterministic calculations, or built in data libraries. The effectiveness of the software was recently demonstrated in safety analyses of the transportation of radioisotope systems for the US Dept. of Energy. These methods are readily adaptable to estimating risks associated with a variety of hazardous shipments such as spent nuclear fuel, explosives, and chemicals.