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Journal articles on the topic 'Orlan – Exhibitions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Chen, Ying, Ala Lisok, Samit Chatterjee, Bryan Wharram, Mrudula Pullambhatla, Yuchuan Wang, George Sgouros, Ronnie C. Mease, and Martin G. Pomper. "[18F]Fluoroethyl Triazole Substituted PSMA Inhibitor Exhibiting Rapid Normal Organ Clearance." Bioconjugate Chemistry 27, no. 7 (June 24, 2016): 1655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00195.

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Helyer, Laura. "Memento and exhibition: consuming city, consuming character in Orhan Pamuk’s ‘The Museum of Innocence’." Heritage Turkey 2 (December 1, 2012): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18866/biaa2015.052.

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Harphoush, Seba, Guoqing Wu, Gao Qiuli, Margaret Zaitoun, Maissam Ghanem, Yonghui Shi, and Guowei Le. "Thymoquinone ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction, improves reproductive efficiency exhibiting a dose-organ relationship." Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine 65, no. 5 (July 1, 2019): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19396368.2019.1626933.

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Correia, A. D., A. L. Pereira, M. H. Costa, and F. Carrapiço. "Functional anatomy of the midgut gland of Gammarus locusta (Crustacea: Amphipoda)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 2 (April 2002): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402005362.

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A description of the midgut gland of Gammarus locusta with the aim of using this organ as a complementary tool in ecotoxicological studies was made. The hepatopancreas is composed of two pairs of blind-ending tubular structures. The thickness and length of these tubules were ∼50 μm and 5 mm, respectively, in adult males (10–12 mm length). The distal part of each tubule is characterized by non-vacuolated E-cells typically exhibiting a relatively high nuclear to cytoplasmatic ratio. The epithelium of the remaining tubules is characterized by abundant columnar R- and F-cells, both ∼40 μm long. La

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Norman, MD. "Ameloctopus litoralis, gen. et sp. nov. (Cephalopoda : Octopodidae), a new shallow-water octopus from tropical Australian waters." Invertebrate Systematics 6, no. 3 (1992): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9920567.

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A new genus of octopus is described from northern Australian waters. Ameloctopus litoralis, gen. et sp. nov., is a shallow-water octopus characterised by the absence of an ink sac, vestigial funnel organ, terminal organ without a diverticulum, marked elongation of the arms and arm autotomy. It is found across northern Australia from southern Queensland to north-west Western Australia, primarily on coastal mudflats and intertidal reefs. This species occupies lairs in shallow and intertidal coastal habitats, feeding by extending arms from the safety of the lair or by foraging at night during low

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Ceesay, Abdoulie, Mariana Nor Shamsudin, Mohammed Aliyu-Paiko, Intan Safinar Ismail, Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin, and Norfarrah Mohamed Alipiah. "Extraction and Characterization of Organ Components of the Malaysian Sea Cucumber Holothuria leucospilota Yielded Bioactives Exhibiting Diverse Properties." BioMed Research International 2019 (April 15, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2640684.

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The aim of the present study was to extract and characterize bioactive components from separate body organs of Holothuria leucospilota. Preliminary qualitative assessment of the crude extracts was positive for phenols, terpenoids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, steroids, phlobatannins, and tannins in all body organs evaluated. Phenolics were the most abundant group of bioactives accounting for approximately 80%. The extraction solvent mixtures that yielded most compounds evaluated were methanol/acetone (3:1, v:v) and methanol/distilled water (3:1, v:v). In

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Belsky, Daniel. "TESTING HEALTH DISPARITIES IN COGNITIVE AND BIOLOGICAL AGING IN OLDER ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1595.

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Abstract We conducted analysis to test if health disparities in cognitive aging were parallel to or different from health disparities in patterns of aging in other systems in the body, and if race/ethnicity-related disparities could be accounted for by differences in socioeconomic circumstances across the life-course. We analyzed data from more than 10,000 adults participating in the US NHANES and US Health and Retirement Study. We measured cognitive aging using neuropsychological tests of processing speed and memory. We measured aging in other systems using composite indices of biological agi

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Yu, Haitao, Yasuo Nagafuchi, and Keishi Fujio. "Clinical and Immunological Biomarkers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Biomolecules 11, no. 7 (June 22, 2021): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11070928.

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by immune system dysfunction and is clinically heterogeneous, exhibiting renal, dermatological, neuropsychiatric, and cardiovascular symptoms. Clinical and physiological assessment is usually inadequate for diagnosing and assessing pathophysiological processes in SLE. Clinical and immunological biomarkers could play a critical role in improving diagnosis, assessment, and ultimately, control of SLE. This article reviews clinical and immunological biomarkers that could diagnose and monitor disease activity in SLE, with and without organ-specifi

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Haque, Shahara, Tarannum Morshed, Hasina Begum, Shahidul Islam, Kaniz Fatema, Afroza Begum, and Muhammad Shoyab. "Tuberous Sclerosis Complex : A Case Report." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 13, no. 3 (November 30, 2014): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21044.

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The aim of this report is to present various clinical and radiological features of a young female patient with tuberous sclerosis who exhibited multiple hamartomas of various organ system. Tuberous sclerosis is a rare neurocuteneous syndrome exhibiting multiple hamartomatous proliferations that may involve multiple organ system such as brain, kidney, heart, lungs, eyes and skin. An 18 year old female patient presented with abdominal pain and swelling. Clinical examination of the patient revealed presence of facial angiofibromas and huge left flank mass. She also gave history of twin pregnancy

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Camiolo, Giuseppina, Daniele Tibullo, Cesarina Giallongo, Alessandra Romano, Nunziatina Parrinello, Giuseppe Musumeci, Michelino Di Rosa та ін. "α-Lipoic Acid Reduces Iron-induced Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in a Model of Iron Overload". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, № 3 (31 січня 2019): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030609.

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Iron toxicity is associated with organ injury and has been reported in various clinical conditions, such as hemochromatosis, thalassemia major, and myelodysplastic syndromes. Therefore, iron chelation therapy represents a pivotal therapy for these patients during their lifetime. The aim of the present study was to assess the iron chelating properties of α-lipoic acid (ALA) and how such an effect impacts on iron overload mediated toxicity. Human mesenchymal stem cells (HS-5) and animals (zebrafish, n = 10 for each group) were treated for 24 h with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC, 120 µg/mL) in the

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Zhang, Lian-Dong, He-Cheng Li, Tie Chong, Ming Gao, Jian Yin, De-Lai Fu, Qian Deng, and Zi-Ming Wang. "Prepubertal Exposure to Genistein Alleviates Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Induced Testicular Oxidative Stress in Adult Rats." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/598630.

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Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most widely used plastizer in the world and can suppress testosterone production via activation of oxidative stress. Genistein (GEN) is one of the isoflavones ingredients exhibiting weak estrogenic and potentially antioxidative effects. However, study on reproductive effects following prepubertal multiple endocrine disrupters exposure has been lacking. In this study, DEHP and GEN were administrated to prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage from postnatal day 22 (PND22) to PND35 with vehicle control, GEN at 50 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day (G), DEH

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Kolenda, Karolina. "The Grass is Greener: Władysław Hasior in an Ecocritical Perspective." Ikonotheka, no. 30 (May 28, 2021): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2657-6015ik.30.8.

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The text offers an analysis of selected works by Władysław Hasior from an ecocritical perspective. The focus is placed on Hasior’s best-known work, The Organ, as well as on several parts of his Photo Notebook. The analysis seeks to demonstrate that an application of an ecocritical perspective to the reading of Hasior’s work may help fill in the blanks in the environmental history of art in Poland. Several recent publications and exhibitions that concern the relationship between art and nature focus on uncovering the “prehistory” of ecological art in Poland or the local tradition of Land Art. T

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O'Connell, Joe. "Role of Fas–FasL in inflammatory diseases." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 3, no. 31 (December 10, 2001): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399401003969.

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Fas ligand (FasL) induces programmed cell death, or ‘apoptosis’, in cells expressing its cognate receptor, Fas (CD95/APO-1). There is evidence that FasL precludes inflammatory reactions from sites of ‘immune privilege’ by triggering Fas-mediated apoptosis of infiltrating pro-inflammatory cells. The ability of FasL to impair immune responses is being pursued as a possible means of protecting tissue transplants from immunological rejection, and therapeutic promise has been reported in some experiments. However, FasL is becoming an enigmatic molecule, exhibiting pro-inflammatory activity independ

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Yack, J. E., L. D. Otero, J. W. Dawson, A. Surlykke, and J. H. Fullard. "Sound production and hearing in the blue cracker butterfly Hamadryas feronia (Lepidoptera, nymphalidae) from Venezuela." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 24 (December 15, 2000): 3689–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.24.3689.

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Certain species of Hamadryas butterflies are known to use sounds during interactions with conspecifics. We have observed the behaviour associated with sound production and report on the acoustic characteristics of these sounds and on the anatomy and physiology of the hearing organ in one species, Hamadryas feronia, from Venezuela. Our observations confirm previous reports that males of this species will take flight from their tree perch when they detect a passing conspecific (male or female) and, during the chase, produce clicking sounds. Our analyses of both hand-held males and those flying i

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Matsumura, Yoko, and Takuya Kubo. "Eversion and withdrawal of an intromittent organ before sexual maturation prepares male beetles for copulation." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 8 (August 2017): 161029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161029.

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Some species of criocerine beetles have a hyper-elongated part of the intromittent organ called a flagellum. In resting position, the flagellum is stored in a specialized internal sac in the intromittent organ. This specialized state of the flagellum and internal sac is indispensable during copulation for flagellar insertion into the female spermathecal duct for sperm transfer. However, the morphogenesis of the flagellum does not generate the active state of the flagellum; rather, the flagellum is generated in an inactive and completely coiled state. After eclosion, males of Lema coronata ever

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Stewart, Shannon, Tong-Wey Koh, Arpan C. Ghosh, and John R. Carlson. "Candidate ionotropic taste receptors in the Drosophila larva." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 14 (March 30, 2015): 4195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503292112.

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We examine in Drosophila a group of ∼35 ionotropic receptors (IRs), the IR20a clade, about which remarkably little is known. Of 28 genes analyzed, GAL4 drivers representing 11 showed expression in the larva. Eight drivers labeled neurons of the pharynx, a taste organ, and three labeled neurons of the body wall that may be chemosensory. Expression was not observed in neurons of one taste organ, the terminal organ, although these neurons express many drivers of the Gr (Gustatory receptor) family. For most drivers of the IR20a clade, we observed expression in a single pair of cells in the animal,

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Papadakis, Antonios E., and John Damilakis. "Evaluation of an organ-based tube current modulation tool in pediatric CT examinations." European Radiology 30, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 5728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06888-5.

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Abstract Objectives To investigate the effect of an organ-based tube current modulation (OTCM) technique on organ absorbed dose and assess image quality in pediatric CT examinations. Methods Four physical anthropomorphic phantoms that represent the average individual as neonate, 1-year-old, 5-year-old, and 10-year-old were used. Standard head and thorax acquisitions were performed with automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) and ATCM+OTCM. Dose calculations were performed by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Radiation dose was measured for superficial and centrally located radiosensitive orga

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AGUIAR, Julio Cesar Cenci de, Glauco Baptista Franco BUENO, Sonia Maria Cursino dos SANTOS, and Edson Aparecido ADRIANO. "Supplementary taxonomic description of Demidospermus pinirampi (Monogenoidea, Dactylogyridae), with a new host record and an expansion of its distribution range." Acta Amazonica 47, no. 4 (December 2017): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201700112.

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ABSTRACT During a survey conducted in the Lajeado Reservoir of the Tocantins River, in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, dactylogyrids were recovered from the gills of Pimelodina flavipinnis. Initial morphological analysis showed these dactylogyrids shared aspects of character with species of Demidospermus, with affinity to Demidospermus pinirampi, despite exhibiting differences with the original description by Kritsky et al. (1987) regarding the vagina, the base of the male copulatory organ and the shape and length of the bars. The analysis of the holotypes of D. pinirampi and its most morpholo

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Koklesova, Lenka, Marek Samec, Alena Liskova, Kevin Zhai, Dietrich Büsselberg, Frank A. Giordano, Peter Kubatka, and Olga Golunitschaja. "Mitochondrial impairments in aetiopathology of multifactorial diseases: common origin but individual outcomes in context of 3P medicine." EPMA Journal 12, no. 1 (March 2021): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13167-021-00237-2.

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AbstractMitochondrial injury plays a key role in the aetiopathology of multifactorial diseases exhibiting a “vicious circle” characteristic for pathomechanisms of the mitochondrial and multi-organ damage frequently developed in a reciprocal manner. Although the origin of the damage is common (uncontrolled ROS release, diminished energy production and extensive oxidative stress to life-important biomolecules such as mtDNA and chrDNA), individual outcomes differ significantly representing a spectrum of associated pathologies including but not restricted to neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disea

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Jiang, Wei, Haiying Mei, and Shuyan Zhao. "Applications of 3D Bio-Printing in Tissue Engineering and Biomedicine." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 989–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3078.

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In recent years, 3D bio-printing technology has developed rapidly and become an advanced bio-manufacturing technology. At present, 3D bio-printing technology has been explored in the fields of tissue engineering, drug testing and screening, regenerative medicine and clinical disease research and has achieved many research results. Among them, the application of 3D bio-printing technology in tissue engineering has been widely concerned by researchers, and it contributing many breakthroughs in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds. In the future, it is possible to print fully functiona

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Holicky, Eileen L., Elizabeth M. Hadac, Xi-Qin Ding, and Laurence J. Miller. "Molecular characterization and organ distribution of type A and B cholecystokinin receptors in cynomolgus monkey." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 281, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): G507—G514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.2.g507.

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Differences in the molecular structure or organ distribution of receptors can limit the usefulness of a given species for drug studies. In this work, we have studied cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors in cynomolgus monkey, an animal model useful for preclinical testing. The type A CCK receptor cDNA was cloned and predicted to encode a 428 amino acid peptide that was 98% identical to the human receptor. Only 2 of the 10 residues that were distinct from the human receptor were not present in other cloned CCK receptor species. A Chinese hamster ovary cell line that stably expressed this receptor was

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Eckersley, Alexander, Matiss Ozols, Peikai Chen, Vivian Tam, Judith A. Hoyland, Andrew Trafford, Danny Chan, and Michael J. Sherratt. "Peptide Location Fingerprinting Reveals Tissue Region-Specific Differences in Protein Structures in an Ageing Human Organ." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 10408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910408.

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In ageing tissues, long-lived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are susceptible to the accumulation of structural damage due to diverse mechanisms including glycation, oxidation and protease cleavage. Peptide location fingerprinting (PLF) is a new mass spectrometry (MS) analysis technique capable of identifying proteins exhibiting structural differences in complex proteomes. PLF applied to published young and aged intervertebral disc (IVD) MS datasets (posterior, lateral and anterior regions of the annulus fibrosus) identified 268 proteins with age-associated structural differences. For seve

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De Paepe, Peter, Frans M. Belpaire, Marie T. Rosseel, Gert Van Hoey, Paul A. Boon, and Walter A. Buylaert. "Influence of Hypovolemia on the Pharmacokinetics and the Electroencephalographic Effect of Propofol in the Rat." Anesthesiology 93, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 1482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200012000-00021.

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Background Hypovolemia decreases the dose requirement for anesthetics, but no data are available for propofol. As it is impossible to study this in patients, a rat model was used in which the influence of hypovolemia on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol was investigated. Methods Animals were randomly allocated to either a control (n = 9) or a hypovolemia (n = 9) group, and propofol was infused (150 mg x kg(-1) x h(-1)) until isoelectric periods of 5 s or longer were observed in the electroencephalogram. The changes observed in the electroencephalogram were quantified using

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Loughridge, Deirdre. "Haydn's Creation as an Optical Entertainment." Journal of Musicology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 9–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2010.27.1.9.

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"What can aesthetics have to say," Johann Triest complained of Haydn's Creation two years after its premiere, "to a natural history, or geogony, set to music, where objects pass before us as in a magic lantern?" By contrast, Carl Friedrich Zelter praised the oratorio as a "fine shadow-play." Both agreed, however, that the work was like an optical entertainment. Triest's and Zelter's metaphors point to a hitherto unexplored context for The Creation's early reception that contributed at once to its popularity and to its dubious status. Retrieving the exhibition practices employed by itinerant ma

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Cridland, Julie M., Alex C. Majane, Hayley K. Sheehy, and David J. Begun. "Polymorphism and Divergence of Novel Gene Expression Patterns in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 216, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.120.303515.

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Transcriptomes may evolve by multiple mechanisms, including the evolution of novel genes, the evolution of transcript abundance, and the evolution of cell, tissue, or organ expression patterns. Here, we focus on the last of these mechanisms in an investigation of tissue and organ shifts in gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. In contrast to most investigations of expression evolution, we seek to provide a framework for understanding the mechanisms of novel expression patterns on a short population genetic timescale. To do so, we generated population samples of D. melanogaster transcript

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Duchamp, C., H. Barre, J. L. Rouanet, A. Lanni, F. Cohen-Adad, G. Berne, and P. Brebion. "Nonshivering thermogenesis in king penguin chicks. II. Effect of fasting." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 261, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): R1446—R1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.6.r1446.

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The effect of fasting on the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle and liver was investigated in cold-acclimatized short-term fasting (STF) (3 wk) and naturally long-term fasting (LTF) (4-5 mo) king penguin chicks, both groups exhibiting nonshivering thermogenesis (NST). A comparison was made with nourished cold-acclimatized controls. In these chicks, no brown adipose tissue deposits could be found on electron-microscopic observations of fat deposits. Protein content and cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity of tissue homogenates were measured in liver and pectoralis and gastrocnemius muscles, as we

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Bang, A. G., V. Hartenstein, and J. W. Posakony. "Hairless is required for the development of adult sensory organ precursor cells in Drosophila." Development 111, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.111.1.89.

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Reduction of the wild-type activity of the gene Hairless (H) results in two major phenotypic effects on the mechanosensory bristles of adult Drosophila. Bristles are either ‘lost’ (i.e. the shaft and socket fail to appear) or they exhibit a ‘double socket’ phenotype, in which the shaft is apparently transformed into a second socket. Analysis of the phenotypes conferred by a series of H mutant genotypes demonstrates (1) that different sensilla exhibit different patterns of response to decreasing levels of H+ function, and (2) that the ‘bristle loss’ phenotype results from greater loss of H+ fun

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PEREIRA GARCÍA-MELO, D., J. REGIDOR-CERRILLO, E. COLLANTES-FERNÁNDEZ, A. AGUADO-MARTÍNEZ, I. DEL POZO, E. MINGUIJÓN, M. GÓMEZ-BAUTISTA, G. ADURIZ, and L. M. ORTEGA-MORA. "Pathogenic characterization in mice of Neospora caninum isolates obtained from asymptomatic calves." Parasitology 137, no. 7 (March 17, 2010): 1057–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009991855.

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SUMMARYIn this study, we characterized 8 new isolates obtained from healthy but congenitally infected calves using a BALB/c mouse model. Neospora caninum-infected mice survived without exhibiting any clinical signs of disease. Nevertheless, differences among isolates in parasite organ distribution, parasite burden and the severity of histopathological lesions were determined. Mice infected with the Nc-Spain 5H, Nc-Spain 7 and Nc-Spain 9 isolates showed higher parasite burdens and more severe brain lesions during the late phase of infection compared to mice infected with the Nc-Spain 2H, Nc-Spa

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Cui, Songkui, Tomoya Kubota, Tomoaki Nishiyama, Juliane K. Ishida, Shuji Shigenobu, Tomoko F. Shibata, Atsushi Toyoda, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Ken Shirasu, and Satoko Yoshida. "Ethylene signaling mediates host invasion by parasitic plants." Science Advances 6, no. 44 (October 2020): eabc2385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc2385.

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Parasitic plants form a specialized organ, a haustorium, to invade host tissues and acquire water and nutrients. To understand the molecular mechanism of haustorium development, we performed a forward genetics screening to isolate mutants exhibiting haustorial defects in the model parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum. We isolated two mutants that show prolonged and sometimes aberrant meristematic activity in the haustorium apex, resulting in severe defects on host invasion. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the two mutants respectively have point mutations in homologs of ETHYLENE RESP

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Woodrick, R., P. R. Martin, I. Birman, and F. B. Pickett. "The Arabidopsis embryonic shoot fate map." Development 127, no. 4 (February 15, 2000): 813–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.4.813.

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A fate map has been constructed for the shoot apical region of the embryo of the dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana using spontaneously arising clonal albino sectors caused by the chloroplast mutator 1–2 mutation. Chimeric seedlings exhibiting albino sectors shared between the cotyledons and first true leaves revealed patterns of organ inclusion and exclusion. Frequencies of clone sharing were used to calculate developmental distances between organs based on the frequency of clonal sectors failing to extend between different organs. The resulting fate map shows asymmetry in the developm

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Cross, Kristina, Jorge Granados, Gabriella Ten Have, John Thaden, J. Timothy Lightfoot, and Nicolaas Deutz. "Comparable Organ Protein Fractional Synthesis Rate of High and Low-Active Mice." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa066_005.

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Abstract Objectives With the rise in physical inactivity and its related diseases, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms involved in physical activity regulation. Scientists have explored physical activity regulation by investigating various physiological mechanisms involving hormones, neurotransmitters, and genetics; however, little is known about the role of metabolism on physical activity level. We hypothesize that protein turnover in specific organs like the muscle is higher in mice previously exhibiting high physical activity levels, as a mechanism to adapt to the increased demand.

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Burnstock, G., and I. Novak. "Purinergic signalling in the pancreas in health and disease." Journal of Endocrinology 213, no. 2 (March 6, 2012): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-11-0434.

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Pancreatic cells contain specialised stores for ATP. Purinergic receptors (P2 and P1) and ecto-nucleotidases are expressed in both endocrine and exocrine calls, as well as in stromal cells. The pancreas, especially the endocrine cells, were an early target for the actions of ATP. After the historical perspective of purinergic signalling in the pancreas, the focus of this review will be the physiological functions of purinergic signalling in the regulation of both endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Next, we will consider possible interaction between purinergic signalling and other regulatory syst

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Weil, Joachim, Thomas Eschenhagen, Gerrit Fleige, Clemens Mittmann, Ellen Orthey, and Hasso Scholz. "Localization of preproenkephalin mRNA in rat heart: selective gene expression in left ventricular myocardium." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 275, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): H378—H384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.2.h378.

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The enkephalins are derived from a common precursor protein known as preproenkephalin (ppENK). Enkephalins appear to be one of the endogenous ligands for the opiate receptors. In the rat the ventricular myocardium contains more ppENK mRNA than any other tissue. To gain further insight into the role of cardiac enkephalins, the regional and developmental distribution of ppENK mRNA was studied by Northern blotting and in situ hybridization. In the early postnatal period, ppENK mRNA is low in atrial and ventricular myocardium. With maturation, ppENK expression increases threefold in left and right

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Lizardo-Thiebaud, Maria J., Eduardo Cervantes-Alvarez, Nathaly Limon-de la Rosa, Farid Tejeda-Dominguez, Mildred Palacios-Jimenez, Osvely Méndez-Guerrero, Marco Delaye-Martinez, et al. "Direct or Collateral Liver Damage in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Patients." Seminars in Liver Disease 40, no. 03 (August 2020): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715108.

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AbstractLiver injury can result from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with more than one-third of COVID-19 patients exhibiting elevated liver enzymes. Microvesicular steatosis, inflammation, vascular congestion, and thrombosis in the liver have been described in autopsy samples from COVID-19 patients. Several factors, including direct cytopathic effect of the virus, immune-mediated collateral damage, or an exacerbation of preexisting liver disease may contribute to liver pathology in COVID-19. Due to its immunological functions, the liver is an organ likel

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Gromova, O. A., I. Yu Torshin, V. A. Maksimov, A. G. Chuchalin, V. G. Zgoda, А. N. Gromov, and O. V. Tikhonova. "Peptides contained in the composition of Laennec that contribute to the treatment of hyperferritinemia and iron overload disorders." FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology 13, no. 4 (February 7, 2021): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.070.

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Introduction. Hemosiderosis is a pathologic condition that accompanies liver, lung, and other organ diseases. Polypeptide-containing drug Laennec contributes to the elimination of excessive iron deposits in tissues.Aim. The study was aimed to identify peptides contained in the composition of the drug that take part in the regulation of iron homeostasis and correction of hemosiderosis and hyperferritinemia.Materials and Methods. The study of the drug composition was conducted with hybrid mass-spectrometry and modern methods of analysis of Big Data based on the topological approach to recognitio

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Olsen, Kenneth M., Andrew Womack, Ashley R. Garrett, Jane I. Suddith, and Michael D. Purugganan. "Contrasting Evolutionary Forces in theArabidopsis thalianaFloral Developmental Pathway." Genetics 160, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 1641–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/160.4.1641.

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AbstractThe floral developmental pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana is composed of several interacting regulatory genes, including the inflorescence architecture gene TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1), the floral meristem identity genes LEAFY (LFY), APETALA1 (AP1), and CAULIFLOWER (CAL), and the floral organ identity genes APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI). Molecular population genetic analyses of these different genes indicate that the coding regions of AP3 and PI, as well as AP1 and CAL, share similar levels and patterns of nucleotide diversity. In contrast, the coding regions of TFL1 and LFY display a

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Anthes, Norman, Herbert A. Schmid, Masaaki Hashimoto, Thomas Riediger, and Eckhart Simon. "Heterogeneous actions of vasopressin on ANG II-sensitive neurons in the subfornical organ of rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): R2105—R2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.6.r2105.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which is released in vivo during dehydration and hypovolemia to prevent further water loss, on the activity of neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO). The SFO is a brain structure with an open blood-brain barrier and is critically involved in angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent water intake. SFO neurons were recorded extracellularly in tissue slices of the rat brain and were tested for responsiveness to AVP and ANG II. About one-half of 159 neurons tested with an AVP concentration of 10−6

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McKinley, Michael J., Lesley L. Walker, Theodora Alexiou, Andrew M. Allen, Duncan J. Campbell, Robert Di Nicolantonio, Brian J. Oldfield, and Derek A. Denton. "Osmoregulatory fluid intake but not hypovolemic thirst is intact in mice lacking angiotensin." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 5 (May 2008): R1533—R1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00848.2007.

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Water intakes in response to hypertonic, hypovolemic, and dehydrational stimuli were investigated in mice lacking angiotensin II as a result of deletion of the angiotensinogen gene (Agt−/− mice), and in C57BL6 wild-type (WT) mice. Baseline daily water intake in Agt−/− mice was approximately threefold that of WT mice because of a renal developmental disorder of the urinary concentrating mechanisms in Agt−/− mice. Intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline (0.4 and 0.8 mol/l NaCl) caused a similar dose-dependent increase in water intake in both Agt−/− and WT mice during the hour following in

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Sasaki, T., T. Shimizu, C. Watanabe, and Y. Hiyoshi. "Cellular Roles in Physiological Root Resorption of Deciduous Teeth in the Cat." Journal of Dental Research 69, no. 1 (January 1990): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345900690011101.

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This study has attempted to assess the importance of mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts, cementoblasts, and mononuclear phagocytes (i.e., macrophages) in physiological root resorption of feline deciduous teeth. Deciduous incisors of three- to six-month-old kittens undergoing root resorption were investigated by means of electron microscopy. In an early phase of root resorption, the resorption organ consisted of many fibroblasts and relatively few macrophages and odontoclasts, the last with a wide, clear zone and narrow, immature, ruffled border. In the active phase of root resorption, the resorpti

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Park, Chang Ha, Ye Eun Park, Hyeon Ji Yeo, Se Won Chun, Thanislas Bastin Baskar, Soon Sung Lim, and Sang Un Park. "Chemical Compositions of the Volatile Oils and Antibacterial Screening of Solvent Extract from Downy Lavender." Foods 8, no. 4 (April 19, 2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8040132.

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The discovery of a new species exhibiting more effective antibacterial properties is necessary because of the demand on Lavandula species, which continues to increase in a variety of industries. Lavandula pubescens might be a good alternative, as it exhibits strong antibacterial activity. In this study, the chemical composition of the essential oils from different organs (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of L. pubescens was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts (methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, hexane,

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Akiyama, Nobuko, Nobukazu Takizawa, Maki Miyauchi, Hiromi Yanai, Ryosuke Tateishi, Miho Shinzawa, Riko Yoshinaga, et al. "Identification of embryonic precursor cells that differentiate into thymic epithelial cells expressing autoimmune regulator." Journal of Experimental Medicine 213, no. 8 (July 11, 2016): 1441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20151780.

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Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) expressing autoimmune regulator (Aire) are critical for preventing the onset of autoimmunity. However, the differentiation program of Aire-expressing mTECs (Aire+ mTECs) is unclear. Here, we describe novel embryonic precursors of Aire+ mTECs. We found the candidate precursors of Aire+ mTECs (pMECs) by monitoring the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), which is required for Aire+ mTEC differentiation. pMECs unexpectedly expressed cortical TEC molecules in addition to the mTEC markers UEA-1 ligand and RANK and differentiated int

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Mundlos, S., B. Schwahn, T. Reichert, and B. Zabel. "Distribution of osteonectin mRNA and protein during human embryonic and fetal development." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 40, no. 2 (February 1992): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/40.2.1552170.

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We investigated the temporal and spatial distribution of osteonectin during human embryonic and fetal development, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Osteonectin gene expression was generally found in cells exhibiting high rates of matrix production/proliferation. In mineralized tissue, a strong signal was obtained in osteoblasts, odontoblasts, and chondrocytes of the upper hypertrophic and proliferative zones. Chondrocytes of the mineralized zone showed no expression throughout the different stages of development. Strong osteonectin expression was found in odontoblasts of d

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Jiang, Hao, Hui-Jun Cao, Ning Ma, Wen-Dai Bao, Jing-Jing Wang, Tian-Wei Chen, Er-Bin Zhang, et al. "Chromatin remodeling factor ARID2 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via DNMT1-Snail axis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 9 (February 18, 2020): 4770–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914937117.

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Recurrence and metastasis remain the major obstacles to successful treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chromatin remodeling factor ARID2 is commonly mutated in HCC, indicating its important role in cancer development. However, its role in HCC metastasis is largely elusive. In this study, we find that ARID2 expression is significantly decreased in metastatic HCC tissues, showing negative correlation with pathological grade, organ metastasis and positive association with survival of HCC patients. ARID2 inhibits migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Moreove

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Jeyamogan, Shareni, Naveed A. Khan, Kuppusamy Sagathevan, and Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui. "Sera/Organ Lysates of Selected Animals Living in Polluted Environments Exhibit Cytotoxicity against Cancer Cell Lines." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 18 (February 7, 2020): 2251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520619666191011161314.

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Background: Species of crocodiles and cockroaches can withstand high radiation, reside in unsanitary conditions, thrive on germ-infested feed, and are exposed to heavy metals, yet they are not reported to develop cancer. It has been postulated that such species have mechanisms to defend themselves against developing cancer. Here, selected species have been tested for potential cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines. Methods: In this study, various species of vertebrates and invertebrates were procured including Columba livia, Gallus gallus domesticus, Varanus salvator, Cuora kamamora

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Benjamin, Gabriel Ogunma, Emmanuel Ola Oshomoh, Asuelimen Osagie Steve, and Otakhor Kelly Osayi. "Reproductive potency of methanolic bi-herbal (Zingiber officinale and Chrysophyllum albidum) extract on masculine wistar rats." Journal of Phytopharmacology 9, no. 5 (November 2, 2020): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2020.9508.

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The study is aimed at evaluating the fertility potential of bi-herbal methanol extract on male Wistar rats. This research finding based it fact of fertility in male Wistar rats to investigate through the phytochemicals, antioxidant assay, hormonal indexes, lipid profile, body/organ weight changes and histopathological study across the graded doses (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) of the treated groups of bi-herbal (Zingiber officinale and Chrysophyllum albidum)) methanol extract using standard procedure. Results from the phytochemical screening elicited the essential constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids phe

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AHEARN, GREGORY A., and RACHEL D. BEHNKE. "L-Proline Transport Systems of Starfish Pyloric Caeca." Journal of Experimental Biology 158, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.158.1.477.

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Purified brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) of starfish [Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt)] pyloric caecal epithelium were prepared by magnesium precipitation in order to characterize the possible role of this organ in amino acid transport. L-[3H]proline uptake by these vesicles was Na+-dependent and greater at pH7.5 than at pH5.5. L-Pipecolate was a competitive inhibitor of L-proline influx into these BBMV, exhibiting a Ki value of 0.02 mmol l−1. The amino acid inhibitors, L-pipecolate, L-alanine and L-leucine were used as test substrates to block L-prohne influx by the IMINO, NBB and L tr

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Patel, Manish P., Ravi R. Patel, and Jayvadan K. Patel. "Chitosan Mediated Targeted Drug Delivery System: A Review." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 4 (November 16, 2010): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3jc7c.

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Chitosan has prompted the continuous movement for the development of safe and effective drug delivery systems because of its unique physicochemical and biological characteristics. The primary hydroxyl and amine groups located on the backbone of chitosan allow for chemical modification to control its physical properties. When the hydrophobic moiety is conjugated to a chitosan molecule, the resulting amphiphile may form self-assembled nanoparticles that can encapsulate a quantity of drugs and deliver them to a specific site of action. Chemical attachment of the drug to the chitosan throughout th

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Yamauchi, Takayoshi, and Toshiro Moroishi. "Hippo Pathway in Mammalian Adaptive Immune System." Cells 8, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8050398.

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The Hippo pathway was originally identified as an evolutionarily-conserved signaling mechanism that contributes to the control of organ size. It was then rapidly expanded as a key pathway in the regulation of tissue development, regeneration, and cancer pathogenesis. The increasing amount of evidence in recent years has also connected this pathway to the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Notably, the Hippo pathway has been revealed to play a pivotal role in adaptive immune cell lineages, as represented by the patients with T- and B-cell lymphopenia exhibiting defective expres

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Villanueva, Silvina, Wei Zhang, Felipe Zecchinati, Aldo Mottino, and Mary Vore. "ABC Transporters in Extrahepatic Tissues: Pharmacological Regulation in Heart and Intestine." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 7 (May 14, 2019): 1155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180327092639.

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ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane proteins expressed in secretory epithelia like the liver, kidneys and intestine, in the epithelia exhibiting barrier function such as the blood-brain barrier and placenta, and to a much lesser extent, in tissues like reproductive organs, lungs, heart and pancreas, among others. They regulate internal distribution of endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics including drugs of therapeutic use and also participate in their elimination from the body. We here describe the function and regulation of ABC transporters in the heart and small intes

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SMITH, A. G., and G. McKERR. "Tritiated thymidine ([3H]-TdR) and immunocytochemical tracing of cellular fate within the asexually dividing cestode Mesocestoides vogae (syn. M. corti)." Parasitology 121, no. 1 (July 2000): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099006010.

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This report documents the presence of an active thymidine kinase (TK) system within Mesocestoides vogae tetrathyridia as quantified by tritiated thymidine ([3H]-TdR) incorporation using liquid scintillation counting. A 100-fold increase in [3H]-TdR incorporation was observed at 37 °C when compared with its incorporation at 0 °C. Thymidine's competitive analogue, BrdU, competed for sites within newly replicated DNA. Immunohistochemical trials performed here using antibodies against BrdU identified cells that have entered and passed through S-phase. Positively stained nuclei were most numerous a

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