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Journal articles on the topic 'Oromo (African people) Authority'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Walga, Tamene Keneni. "Prospects and Challenges of Afan Oromo: A Commentary." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 6 (2021): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1106.03.

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Afan Oromo- the language of the Oromo- is also known as Oromo. The word ‘Oromo’ refers to both the People of Oromo and their language. It is one of the widely spoken indigenous African languages. It is also spoken in multiple countries in Africa including Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Tanzania among others. Moreover, it is spoken as a native language, second language and lingua-franca across Ethiopia and beyond. Regardless of its scope in terms of number of speakers and geographical area it covers, Afan Oromo as a literary language is only emerging due to perpetuating unfair treatment it

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Kumsa, A. "The Oromo national memories." RUDN Journal of Sociology 19, no. 3 (2019): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2019-19-3-503-516.

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The author defines nation as a territorial community of nativity and attributes significance to the biological fact of birth into the historically evolving territorial structure of the cultural community of nation, which allows to consider nation as a form of kinship. Nation differs from other territorial communities such as tribe, city-state or various ‘ethnic groups’ not just by the greater extent of its territory, but also by a relatively uniform culture that provides stability over time [22. P. 7]. According to the historical-linguistic comparative studies, “in terms of the history of mank

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3

Hultin, Jan. "Rebounding Nationalism: State and Ethnicity in Wollega 1968–1976." Africa 73, no. 3 (2003): 402–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.3.402.

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AbstractThis article deals with the interrelationship of ethnic and national processes in a rural district in Wollega at the time of the Ethiopian revolution of 1974. It describes how the state policy of ‘official nationalism’ and Amharisation on the one hand, and the policy of land confiscation and land grants on the other, affected two different categories of Oromo: the small, educated elite, and the peasants. The government promoted Amharic as the language of state, whilst the Oromo language was banned from public contexts and not allowed in print. The government feared popular involvement

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Abate, Abebe Gizachew. "The Addis Ababa Integrated Master Plan and the Oromo Claims to Finfinnee in Ethiopia." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 26, no. 4 (2019): 620–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02604121.

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In the burgeoning literature on land rights, relatively little attention is offered to urban land grabs and indigenous peoples’ territorial claims. Certainly, the current Addis Ababa master plan and the envisaged land grabs represent both continuity in and change from previous historical episodes of territorialisation. The new master plan is not only a niche where ‘civilization mission’ meets ‘wilderness’ or indigenous peoples are also arenas wherein hegemonies and sovereignties of the earlier period have been challenged by new authority and territorialisation. This article investigates the et

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Iguisi, Osarumwense. "A Cultural Approach to African Management Philosophy." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 10, no. 3 (2018): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijvcsn.2018070102.

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Despite acknowledging the existence of indigenous management capabilities and skills in Africa, management practice in precolonial African societies was seen by the colonizers as primitive management. Africans have ways of exercising power and authority at the workplace, ways of motivating and rewarding people to make them work harder. Neither the institutions nor the political structures put in place by the colonizers acknowledge these indigenous knowledge structures, but much of them have survived in the traditions and cultural values of the African people. However, unlike in Europe and most

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6

Altman, Ida. "The Revolt of Enriquillo and the Historiography of Early Spanish America." Americas 63, no. 4 (2007): 587–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2007.0052.

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In 1519 Enrique, one of the few remaining caciques, or indigenous chiefs, of the island of Hispaniola, removed himself and some of his people from the reach of Spanish authority. For nearly a decade and a half he and his followers lived in the remote and barely accessible south-central mountains of his native island, occasionally raiding Spanish settlements for arms and tools and clashing with militia units but for the most part avoiding contact with Spanish society. Enrique eluded the numerous patrols that were sent to eradicate what became a stubbornly persistent locus of defiance of Spanish

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Santana-Pérez, Juan Manuel. "The African Atlantic islands in maritime history during the Ancien Régime." International Journal of Maritime History 30, no. 4 (2018): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871418803301.

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This paper aims at describing and explaining certain common characteristics that have endured in the African Atlantic islands by virtue of the fact that these islands depend on centres of authority located at considerable distances away. Their location on linking routes to three continents led to the first globalization since the world economic shifts of the 16th century. The islands have sometimes been described metaphorically as a bridge, but we prefer to speak of maritime doors. These islands have been an entrance and exit for goods, people, culture, and ideas, opened or closed, depending o

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8

Ezenwa-Ohaeto, Ngozi, and Toochukwu John Ezeugo. "Bush allowance and alienation: a challenge to African leadership and development in Kaine Agary’s Yellow-Yellow." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, no. 3 (2020): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i3.3.

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African countries have experienced various forms of alienation both from natural occurrences and human forces. Environmental hazards have displaced some people from their parents and their ancestral homes. On the other hand, exploitation, privatization and uneven distribution of natural resources of the people by few privileged individuals, especially the politicians, have also alienated the people from their environment. Attempt to agitate or these factors of displacement and alienation often leads to a compromise and reliance on meager allocation of bush allowance which serves as compensatio

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Patiño Montoya, Angie, Sebastian Giraldo Ocampo, and Alan Giraldo López. "Perception of giant African snail (Achatina fulica) in urban community from Colombia." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 72, no. 1 (2019): 8717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n1.73085.

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In Colombia, the control of giant African snail populations (Achatina fulica) has been enforced for the past eight years according to the Environmental, Housing, and Territorial Development Ministry (MAVDT from its initials in Spanish). During this period, the environmental authorities have carried out a series of campaigns for snail eradication and to raise awareness in the general community to involve it in the control of this invasive species. In order to inquire about the perception of the citizens of Cali, Colombia, have of the giant African snail and their role as primary stakeholders in

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Spinage, Clive. "Social change and conservation misrepresentation in Africa." Oryx 32, no. 4 (1998): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.d01-56.x.

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Concomitant with the increasing denouncement of African game legislation as inappropriate law imposed by a former colonial authority, is the attack upon traditional, i.e. total protection, practice of conservation. It is increasingly argued by a school of neo-populist thinkers, that local people should be allowed to exploit protected areas in accordance with their own traditions and beliefs. Examples of alleged injustice or practice are consistently misrepresented with a view to replacing traditional conservation practice with left-wing political dogma, proponents claiming a mandate from the C

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Morton, R. F. "Linchwe I and the Kgatla Campaign in the South African War, 1899-1902." Journal of African History 26, no. 2-3 (1985): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700036926.

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Although the importance of the African role in the South African War (1889-1902) is now recognized, this study of the Bakgatala ba ga Kgafela is the first to demonstrate an African perception of events and argue that the Kgatla initiated military action and pursued goals independent of a simple British vs. Boer formula. The war created major economic and political opportunities for the Kgatla, a people physically separated and colonially partitioned. Half the Kgatla lived in the Kgatla Reserve of the British-ruled Bechuanaland Protectorate, and the other half lived in the Saulspoort area of th

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Deacon, Gregory, Gregory Deacon, and Gabrielle Lynch. "Allowing Satan in? Moving Toward a Political Economy of Neo-Pentecostalism in Kenya." Journal of Religion in Africa 43, no. 2 (2013): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12341247.

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Abstract Neo-Pentecostalism provides African elites with an avenue for legitimation of authority and wealth and, to some extent, bolsters power and authority. Simultaneously, ordinary people look for control over their lives—realities that help explain the explosion of neo-Pentecostal beliefs across sub-Saharan Africa that began in the 1980s. The political legitimacy provided is open to contestation and debate, liable to be rejected by some and questioned by others. Neo-Pentecostalism can offer defence mechanisms or strategies that assist with survival, but rarely socioeconomic or political ch

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Okaiyeto, Kunle, and Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju. "African Herbal Medicines: Adverse Effects and Cytotoxic Potentials with Different Therapeutic Applications." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (2021): 5988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115988.

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The African continent is naturally endowed with various plant species with nutritional and medicinal benefits. About 80% of the people in developing countries rely on folk medicines to treat different diseases because of indigenous knowledge, availability, and cost-effectiveness. Extensive research studies have been conducted on the medicinal uses of African plants, however, the therapeutic potentials of some of these plants has remained unexploited. Over the years, several studies have revealed that some of these African floras are promising candidates for the development of novel drugs. Desp

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Sartorius, David. "Transitory Trust: Falsified Passports, Circulars, and Other Speculations in Nineteenth-Century Cuba." Journal of Social History 55, no. 1 (2021): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shab028.

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Abstract In nineteenth-century Cuba, the increasing and uneven use of passports for maritime travel generated confusion about their authority and encouraged their falsification. This essay explores the forgery and misuse of travel papers alongside the fabrications of an official colonial record that concealed the illegal transatlantic slave trade as it implemented documentary procedures for legal travel. Cuban officials pursued individuals who traveled without passports, with other people’s passports, or lacked other papers, with a disproportionate focus on the circulation of free people of Af

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Hlakudi, John Nkwananchi. "The Implementation of Preferential Procurement Policy in Gauteng Province: Challenges and Solutions." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 1 (2015): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i1.75.

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The South African government established the Preferential Procurement Policy (PP Policy) to provide Historically Disadvantaged Individuals (HDIs) economic opportunity in the state procurement process. There were a number of challenges in the implementation of the policy. The challenges include non compliance with procurement processes, limited knowledge of preferential procurement targets, late payments of suppliers, and fraud and corruption. In addition to putting measures to improve inefficiencies embedded in the preferential procurement system, this article asserts that the achievement of t

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Dinnerson, Quincy. "Factors African American Men Identify as Hindering Completion of a Graduate (MSW) Degree." Urban Social Work 3, no. 2 (2019): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2474-8684.3.2.231.

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Using semi-structured interviews, 15 African American men were interviewed with the goal of understanding factors that hinder African American males from completing a graduate social work degree (MSW). Afrocentricity theory, which gives authority to Black ideals and values, was used in this qualitative, exploratory study as a framework of organization. Important results fell under three major categories of isolation, racism, and social work curriculum. Statements from men such as “It's hard because people look at you as if you are speaking for everybody but you are speaking from your experienc

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Morve, Roshan K. "Voice of Protest against Choice of Politics: A Study of Selected Texts in South African Literature." Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature 3, no. 1 (2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajhal.v3i1.304.

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This paper interrogates the nature of protest literature as well as their issues and problems while addressing the discourse on apartheid South Africa underlined the politics. In this paper, I explore the connection of banned books of history with the present time. In South Africa: the numbers of the books banned, and these books never become part of a literary form. As a result, it also claims to the Censorship Act (have an authority to ban the books). This paper relates to examine the relationship between these two major research queries, which underpins as under two contexts as: (i) Protest

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18

S M, Uvaneswaran, and Tsega Zemen. "Behaviour of business class tax payers on tax compliance in Ethiopian revenue administration." American Journal of Economics and Business Management 3, no. 3 (2020): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31150/ajebm.v3i3.175.

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Tax compliance issue is a major problem in revenue generation by the federal government in African countries. In Ethiopia, tax mobilization was also the lowest among sub-Saharan African countries and main purpose of the research is to identify the factors influencing the behavior of tax payer’s on tax compliance in Dessie town revenue authority. The target population of the study was Business Class people which denotes as category “A” tax payers of Dessie town and a Sample of 330 business was taken using stratified sampling followed by random sampling from each stratum from the total populatio

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19

Ellmann, Stephen. "Law in and Legitimacy South Africa." Law & Social Inquiry 20, no. 02 (1995): 407–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1995.tb01068.x.

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This mticle examines whether anti-apartheid lawyering might have legitimized the South Afncan legal system by asking what black South Ahcans actually thought of that system. Perhaps surprisingly, blrcks, and in particular African, appear to have accorded the legal system a measure of legitimacy despite the oppression they often suffered at its hands. Three paradigms of African opinion are offered to help us understand the complex African response to the legal system: the conservatives, forbearing, mutely concerned with such issues as order and security, and perhaps disposed to be deferential t

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Mustafa, Hameed Abdullah, and Sherzad Shafi'h Barzani. "The African-American Poets' Struggle for the Rights of People: A Study in Claude McKay's Selected Poems." Twejer 3, no. 3 (2020): 821–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31918/twejer.2033.22.

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This study scrutinizes selected protest poems written by the prominent black poet of the Harlem Renaissance Claude McKay (1889-1948). McKay is considered as a key literary figure of the Negro movement who played a significant role in struggling for and awakening his own people to demand their rights. His major aspiration was to end all forms of prejudice and oppression against blacks portrayed in his poems during the most effective movement in African American literary history comprising the times between 1920 to almost the mid-1930s. McKay established himself as a powerful literary voice for

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21

Musyoka-Kamere, Isabella. "Revisiting African Traditional Education to Promote Peace through Education in Africa." Msingi Journal 1, no. 1 (2018): 459–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/mj.v1i1.73.

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African traditional values are the principles, standards and qualities, which Africans traditionally held dear for perpetuation of culture and society. They are the values that guided human action towards a common good. There are certain things that Africans found intrinsically valuable, that gave them a distinct cultural personality and enabled them to contribute to knowledge and history. Some of these include the sense of community life, sacredness of life and respect for authority and elders.These values of African traditional education can be revisited to infuse peace and unity in today‘s

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22

Reed, Nia. "SOCIAL NETWORKS AND NEIGHBORHOOD SATISFACTION OF AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS: AN ATLANTA STUDY OF RELOCATION." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.616.

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Abstract Atlanta was the first major city to offer federally-funded public housing and it is one of the first to demolish it. Unlike other cities undergoing public housing transformation through demolition under Housing for People Everywhere Program (HOPE VI), the Atlanta Housing Authority (AHA) targeted senior housing as part of the demolition process. Investigators conducting the Urban Health Initiative (UHI) study collected three waves of data (baseline, 6-month post-relocation, and 24-month post-relocation) from relocated seniors and a comparison group of seniors who aged-in-place. To unde

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Stacey, Paul. "‘THE CHIEFS, ELDERS, AND PEOPLE HAVE FOR MANY YEARS SUFFERED UNTOLD HARDSHIPS’: PROTESTS BY COALITIONS OF THE EXCLUDED IN BRITISH NORTHERN TOGOLAND, UN TRUSTEESHIP TERRITORY, 1950–7." Journal of African History 55, no. 3 (2014): 423–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853714000358.

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AbstractThis article examines the use of tradition by minority groups whose territorial incorporation into British Northern Togoland under UN trusteeship was marked by political exclusion. This contrasts with the more typical pattern of productive and inclusive relations developing between chiefs and the administering authority within the boundaries of what was to become Ghana. In East Gonja, marginalized groups produced their own chiefs while simultaneously appealing to the UN Trusteeship Council to protect their native rights. The article contributes to studies on the limits of the ‘inventio

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Swanzen, Rika. "FACING THE GENERATION CHASM: THE PARENTING AND TEACHING OF GENERATIONS Y AND Z." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 9, no. 2 (2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs92201818216.

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The Millennials, or Generation Y, have been receiving increasing attention as these young people have entered tertiary institutions and the workplace over the past decade. Their behavior towards authority is coming under sharper scrutiny as they prepare to move into leadership positions. For example, their assertiveness received both positive and negative attention in the South African media during the “fees must fall” campaign. While parents, caregivers, teachers, and employers wonder about the best approach to Millennials, Generation Z are also entering post-secondary schools. Parenting appr

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Leonardi, Cherry. "Violence, Sacrifice and Chiefship in Central Equatoria, Southern Sudan." Africa 77, no. 4 (2007): 535–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2007.77.4.535.

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AbstractThis article explores specific oral histories and chiefship debates in the aftermath of the SPLA war in two Southern Sudanese chiefdoms. It argues that these local histories reveal much about the historical relationship between state and society – and in particular the mediation with external violence – which is central to understanding the legitimacy of local authority. Rather than being the strong arm of the state, chiefs have ideally mediated and deflected state (and rebel) violence. Unlike other African examples, they have been marginal both in landowning and patrician structures,

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Thistle, Ian, and Laurel Paget-Seekins. "The Youth Pass." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2652, no. 1 (2017): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2652-13.

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Public transportation agencies provide reduced fares to seniors, students, and disabled people, but only infrequently provide discounts to low-income members of the general population. A major reason for this is that it is difficult and labor-intensive for transit agencies to determine who is of low income. To address societal need and pilot the feasibility of such a program, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) piloted a program for young people who were unable to receive reduced fares in another way. The MBTA partnered with local municipalities, and applicants proved their e

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Barchiesi, Franco, and Bridget Kenny. "From Workshop to Wasteland: De-industrialization and Fragmentation of the Black Working Class on the East Rand (South Africa), 1990–1999." International Review of Social History 47, S10 (2002): 35–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859002000779.

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In 1999 the South African government passed the Municipal Structures Act which established the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Council and merged the East Rand towns of Alberton, Germiston, Brakpan, Benoni, Kempton Park, Springs, and Nigel under a common municipal authority. The new demarcation created a unified administrative structure for this region of approximately 2.5 million people living east of Johannesburg. It gave formal expression to long-standing processes of socioeconomic development that have defined the East Rand as a highly specific geographical entity. Between the 1950s and the 1970s

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Montez de Oca, Jeffrey, and Stephen Cho Suh. "Ethics of patriotism: NFL players’ protests against police violence." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 5 (2019): 563–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690218825210.

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This article traces debates about African American professional football players’ protests during the national anthem. After reviewing over 400 media texts, we found that each side operates from mirrored ethical positions that lead to competing conceptions of patriotism. We use the term “patriarchal patriotism” for people opposed to the protests since they hold that institutions of authority protect citizens, and therefore citizens owe them loyalty and deference. We use “constructive patriotism” for protest supporters since they hold that citizens have an ethical obligation to oppose inequitie

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Nwauwa, A. O. "The Dating of the Aro Chiefdom: A Synthesis of Correlated Genealogies." History in Africa 17 (January 1990): 227–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171814.

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Precolonial African historiography has been plagued by historical reconstructions which remain in the realm of legend because events are suspended in almost timeless relativity.Igbo history has not been adequately researched. Worse still, the little known about the people has not been dated. It might be suggested that the major reason which makes the study of the Igbo people unattractive to researchers has been the lack of a proper chronological structure. Igbo genealogies have not been collected. The often adduced reason has been that the Igbo did not evolve a centralized political system whe

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Igbinovia, S. O., and P. E. Orukpe. "Rural electrification: the propelling force for rural development of Edo State, Nigeria." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 18, no. 3 (2007): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2007/v18i3a3383.

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Since the advent of technology, the ability for Man to do work has been enhanced by the discovery of various forms of energy and the efficient manage-ment of these energy resources. Thus, all over the world, the GNP of a nation depends on the energy consumption per capita and the growth in the macro-economics of the locality. This paper addresses the Edo State’s Governments Rural Electrification Scheme, which has been in operation since 1957. The population of the localities, the area coverage in square kilometres and the index of industrialization of the Local Government Area (LGA) are presen

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Duncan, Graham A. "Presbyterian spirituality in southern Africa." Scottish Journal of Theology 56, no. 4 (2003): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930603211200.

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Presbyterian spirituality in southern Africa has often been treated as non-existent, yet it is a vibrant reality which is at one and the same time catholic, evangelical and contextual. Founded in Christ alone, it holds the authority of scripture as normative and as the source of the unity of God's people, as can be seen in the way it derives from the marks of the church – the Word preached, the sacraments celebrated and discipline rightly exercised. It is relational and involves communing with God, others, oneself and the environment. While conscious of the early church tradition out of which

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Lester, Joelle M., and Stacey Younger Gagosian. "Finished with Menthol: An Evidence-Based Policy Option That Will Save Lives." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 45, S1 (2017): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110517703322.

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Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, killing approximately 480,000 people each year. This crushing health burden falls disproportionately, and recent CDC data shows that large disparities in adult cigarette smoking remain. One factor in these disparities is the use of flavors. Menthol cigarettes and other flavored tobacco products are used at higher rates by vulnerable populations including youth and young adults, African Americans, women, Hispanics and Asian Americans. This is no accident; the tobacco industry has long targeted these same gr

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Ignatov, Anatoli. "Agurumyela's art of connection: Christopher Azaare's project of curating Gurensi history and culture." Africa 90, no. 4 (2020): 649–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000197202000025x.

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AbstractThis article explores the innovative and hybrid intellectual project of Christopher Azaare Anabila. Since 1976, Azaare has been documenting the histories of the Gurensi and Boosi people of northern Ghana and has crafted genealogical maps of whole villages and clans. He has written manuscripts on taboos, totems, proverbs, missionary activities, cultural institutions and anti-colonial resistance. Because of this work, people have begun to refer to Azaare as Agurumyela, which in Gurene means ‘a person who digs into people's past’. Central to this lifelong endeavour is the museum of Gurens

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Afriyie, Daniel Kwame, George Awuku Asare, Seth Kwabena Amponsah, and Brian Godman. "COVID-19 pandemic in resource-poor countries: challenges, experiences and opportunities in Ghana." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, no. 08 (2020): 838–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12909.

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The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, is seen world-wide. In developing countries, adequate health facilities and staff numbers are a concern. Ghana recorded its first 2 cases of COVID-19 on 12 March 2020. On 30 March 2020, a partial lockdown for 14 days was imposed and later extended along with other measures. By the end of the initial lockdown, 19 April 2020, an estimated 86,000 people had been traced and 68,591 tests performed. Of the 68,591 tests, there were 1,042 (1.5%) positive cases, 9 deaths, and 99 recoveries, with Ghana ranked number one among African countries in

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Yamba, C. Bawa. "Cosmologies in turmoil: witchfinding and AIDS in Chiawa, Zambia." Africa 67, no. 2 (1997): 200–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161442.

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AbstractWritten from the perspective of HIV/AIDS prevention research in Zambia, the article argues that rural Africans now find themselves the target of three competing and contradictory discourses about responsibility, each of which claims to tell them how to lead safe lives free from AIDS. The first, represented by the biomedical paradigm, professes sure knowledge about the aetiology and epidemiology of HIV/AIDS but is unable to cure it; the second, the missionary discourse, preaches abstinence and encourages a revival of traditional beliefs and rules of morality as the only way to manage an

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Zaghlimi, Laeed. "Colonial media and post independence experience in north Africa." Media & Jornalismo 16, no. 29 (2016): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-5462_29_10.

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European colonialism had not only occupied many african countries, exploited their natural resources and deprived their inhabitants of basic rights, but also sought to establish its new political, social, economic and cultural system. However, in order to impose its new rules and values, it had used military forces as well as political and media means to convince and influence people minds and hearts. The press was one of the main arguments of seduction and dissimination of the colonial culture and information.This paper which focuses in its first part on French occupation of North Africa, des

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Jackson, Robert H., and Gregory Maddox. "The Creation of Identity: Colonial Society in Bolivia and Tanzania." Comparative Studies in Society and History 35, no. 2 (1993): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500018375.

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Many colonial regimes appropriate traditional symbols of power to enhance authority. In many cases this appropriation results in the hardening of more transitory political divisions among subject people into ethnic, national, or tribal ones. Colonialism often, in essence, creates different identities for subject peoples. For example, the East India Company (E.I.C.) and royal colonial government in India manipulated caste and religion to carry out a policy of divide and rule. Moreover, the E.I.C. and later the Raj attempted to create a European-style landed elite that could promote development

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Raji, Wumi. "Men at the Edge: Margins and Masculinities in Nigerian Migrant Fictions." Anglica Wratislaviensia 55 (October 18, 2017): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0301-7966.55.7.

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Most African societies are constructed as patriarchal and consequently structured around a hegemonic conception of masculinity. The male gender stands as the embodiment of authority and a symbol of power and privileges. But, since about the middle of the eighties, and for reasons ranging from economic difficulties, political crisis and war to the quest for educational and professional fulfillment, people from different African communities and countries have been voting with their feet, migrating to different countries of Europe and America. On arrival in their different countries of destinatio

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Kok, R. "Street Food Vending and Hygiene Practices and Implications for Consumers." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 3 (2014): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i3.482.

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Street food vending has and is becoming globally a convenient and in most cases an essential service. Lifestyle changes and socio economic factors creates very little space for consumers to look at other alternatives one of which would be to prepare oneâ€™s own meal. Street food therefore becomes an easy and economic means to acquire prepared food. Safe hygiene practices should become integral to the vendor as the product will be consumed by people of all ages and many may be vulnerable to poor quality food. The street food vendor in turn relies on this service as a means of employment and inc

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Guyer, Jane I. "DESCRIBING URBAN ‘NO MAN'S LAND’ IN AFRICA." Africa 81, no. 3 (2011): 474–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000258.

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Cities as elusive, invisible, yet to come. ‘[T]he city is no-man's land’ (Grace Khunou, p. 240 in Mbembe and Nuttall). ‘Lagos is no man's land’ (heard in Lagos by the present writer, August 2010). A picture of a strangely empty and disrupted man-made landscape (William Kentridge, pp. 349–350 in Mbembe and Nuttall), balanced by a dense but also personless urban scene (by the same author, pp. 35–6 in the same text). … The slippage between conventional social scientific terms of runaway urbanization, the teeming human vitality of African cities, and the elusiveness of the titles, sayings and imag

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Pasara, Michael Takudzwa, Chamunorwa Gonyora, and Daniel Francois Meyer. "Attitudes, Knowledge, and Practices of Customs Administrators on Trade Facilitation." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Oeconomica 65, no. 2 (2020): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subboec-2020-0009.

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AbstractIn light of renewed interests to boost African trade through continental integration, the authors identified trade facilitation as an integral component of complimenting the integration processes. This is especially relevant in the southern region where the majority of borders are characterised by complex and duplicated processes due to the lack of ‘one-stop border posts’. This study explores the attitudes, knowledge and practices of customs administrators on trade facilitation in Zimbabwe. Based on questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and secondary data collected from the Zimbabwe

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Francis, Leigh-Anne. "Playing the “Lady Sambo”." Meridians 19, no. 2 (2020): 250–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15366936-8308363.

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Abstract In the post–Civil War South, black women litigants made conscious tactical appeals to white male judges’ racism, particularly the racist-sexist stereotypes at the heart of the white paternalism ethos, in order to win lawsuits against whites who defrauded them. African American women’s arsenal of legal strategies included the “Lady Sambo,” an intentional racialized gender performance of feigned ignorance. By performing the “Lady Sambo”—an ignorant, servile black woman in need of protection—some poor black women mobilized their expertise in white racism to defend their economic rights.

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Gulbrandsen, Ørnulf. "The rise of the north-western Tswana kingdoms: on the dynamics of interaction between internal relations and external forces." Africa 63, no. 4 (1993): 550–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161006.

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AbstractWhile southern African polities are often considered as essentially fissionary in nature, this article gives emphasis to the equally important fusionary processes. Examining the rise of the north-western kingdoms, it is focused upon the accumulation of material and symbolic capital in the royal centres. Particular attention is paid to how the rulers exploited this capital in their efforts to amalgamate the power structures surrounding their offices. The accumulation of the royal capital is related to the kingdoms' interaction with the larger world, and it is argued that the rise of the

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MacFarlane, Campbell. "Terrorism in South Africa." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (2003): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000893.

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AbstractThe Republic of South Africa lies at the southern tip of the African continent. The population encompasses a variety of races, ethnic groups, religions, and cultural identities. The country has had a turbulent history from early tribal conflicts, colonialisation, the apartheid period, and postapartheid readjustment.Modern terrorism developed mainly during the apartheid period, both by activities of the state and by the liberation movements that continued to the time of the first democratic elections in 1994, which saw South Africa evolve into a fully representative democratic state wit

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Dewey, Susan, and Tonia St Germain. "Introduction." African Studies Review 55, no. 2 (2012): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2012.0043.

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This special ASR forum, “The Case of Gender-Based Violence: Assessing the Impact of International Human Rights Rhetoric on African Lives,” grounds itself in the notion that gender relations (and, indeed, gendered social norms) can undergo significant transformation in zones of conflict or in other contexts of extreme socioeconomic and political instability. Individuals actively reconfigure moral landscapes of power and sexuality amidst the everyday chaos, violence, and deprivation that constitutes the experience of war for most people, thereby formulating new normative frame-works of appropria

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Bokhari, Kamran A. "The 36th Annual Meeting of the Middle East Studies Association of North America." American Journal of Islam and Society 20, no. 1 (2003): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v20i1.1889.

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The 36th annual meeting of the Middle East Studies Association of NorthAmerica (MESA), was held at the Wardman Park Hotel, Washington, DC,November 23-26, 2002. This conference, possibly the largest gathering ofscholars and students of the Middle East, took place in an atmosphere saturatedby 9/11 and Washington’s plans for an all-out war against Iraq, aswell as considerable right-wing and pro-Zionist pressure applied by suchmembers of the epistemic community of scholars, journalists, and policyanalysts as Daniel Pipes (the Middle East Forum) and Martin Kramer, aone-time director and currently a

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Mswela, Mphoeng Maureen. "Does Albinism Fit Within the Legal Definition of Disability in the Employment Context? A Comparative Analysis of the Judicial Interpretation of Disability under the SA and the US Non-Discrimination Laws." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 21 (June 29, 2018): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2018/v21i0a1684.

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South Africans with albinism are among the most marginalised and vulnerable citizens yet very little attention is paid to protecting them from human rights violations. There have been several calls by people with albinism in South Africa to be classified as disabled. The question of whether albinism is classified as a disability or not is a controversial legal one, which does not always have a straightforward answer. A literature search indicates that in South Africa no comprehensive and analytical study has been carried out on the subject of albinism and disability, whereas this has already b

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Khan, Tehmeena, and Shamim Nassrally. "Is fake news contributing to increased Covid-19 BAME deaths?" Acute Medicine Journal 19, no. 2 (2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0811.

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We write this letter as doctors and proud members of the Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) community from a South Asian background. Recent Office for National Statistics (ONS) data suggest that the BAME population is disproportionately affected by Covid-19.1 Observations and experiences from within our family and wider community led us to explore how cultural aspects may account for these figures. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are likely to contribute to this unfortunate statistic. Intrinsic factors such as pre-existing health conditions and comorbidities e.g. cardiovascular risk

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Achtyes, Eric D., Kari Kempema, Zhehui Luo, et al. "Implementation of NAVIGATE Coordinated Specialty Care for First Episode Psychosis: the Michigan Experience." CNS Spectrums 26, no. 2 (2021): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920002928.

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AbstractStudy ObjectivesCoordinated specialty care (CSC) is widely accepted as an evidence-based treatment for first episode psychosis (FEP). The NAVIGATE intervention from the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP) study is a CSC intervention which offers a suite of evidence-based treatments shown to improve engagement and clinical outcomes, especially in those with shorter duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). Coincident with the publication of this study, legislation was passed by the United States Congress in 2014–15 to fund CSC for FEP via a S

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Venter, Francois. "3. Die betekenis van die bepalings van die 1996 Grondwet: Die aanhef en hoofstuk 1." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 1, no. 1 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/1998/v1i1a2899.

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The Preamble and Chapter 1 This contribution is intended to be the first installment of a systematic interpretation of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996. Due to the foundational and repetitive reference in the text to values, regard must constantly be had to those values when this Constitution is interpreted. Even though the preamble does not contain positive norms, is an important interpretive source of the foundations of the Constitution. An important deviation from the preamble of the 1993 Constitution, is that the term Rechtsstaat ("constitutional state") is not employe

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