Relevant bibliographies by topics / Orphan children

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Orphan children'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Orphan children"

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Yousuf, Sundus, and Bushra Khan. "Challenges Faced By Women Orphans’ Caregivers: A Qualitative Study." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 15, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v15i1.136.

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Wellbeing of an orphan caregiver affects the child-rearing practice, which in turn could affect the growth and development of the orphaned child. Challenges faced by women orphan caregivers make caring a more extraneous task. A qualitative study was designed, to investigate the challenges faced by women orphan caregivers. Data was collected from SOS children village, an internationally recognized orphanage located in Karachi, Pakistan. An open ended interview was conducted with 17 women orphan caregivers employed at the organization through interview schedule. Various themes were identified. Two major themes indicating challenges were identified; professional or organizational level and personal level that were further divided in sub themes and analyzed. Results indicated that caregivers themselves were abandoned and suffered from psychological disturbances and lacked in awareness of effective coping skills. Orphan caregivers faced distress due to inability to effectively handle hectic routine at the orphanage, low salary, and lack of knowledge and skill to address diverse needs of all children. Overall, caring for orphans is a challenging job and it is recommended that orphan caregivers are provided with professional support to cope with psychological issues; and training on caregiving knowledge and skills to effectively handle children with diverse needs. This could eventually help in improving wellbeing of the caregivers and enhancing overall development of the orphans.
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POTIENKO, Natalia D. "ARCHITECTURE OF SPECIAL-PURPOSE BUILDINGS FOR ORPHAN CHILDREN." Urban construction and architecture 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2014.04.5.

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This article presents a typological overview of specialpurpose buildings for orphan children in Russia and abroad, since the beginning of their existence until our days. Foreign experience is characterized by a great diversity in the typological structure of institutions for orphans, in their approach to raising children, functional richness, individual architectural and planning solutions, observance of strict economic requirements. In contrast, Russian experience has a limited typology of buildings for orphans, each with similar planning structure and a narrow set of service functions. The development of family type childrens homes is one of the promising directions of studies all over the world. Unfortunately, there arent very few good examples of specialpurpose buildings for orphan children in our country.
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Sajjan, Santosh B. "A Comparative Study to Assess the Quality of Life and Stress among Orphan and Non-orphan Children in Selected Areas of Bagalkot." Indian Journal of Holistic Nursing 11, no. 04 (December 30, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2348.2133.202007.

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Introduction: The word orphan comes from the Greek word ‘Orfanos’ and refers to a child permanently bereaved of or abandoned by his or her parents. Methods: A non-experimental descriptive comparative design has been adopted for the present study. The sample of the present study comprises orphan children residing in an orphanage and non-orphan children residing in selected areas of Bagalkot. The sample comprised 30 orphans and 30 non-orphans aged between 10 and 16 years. The data were collected by using self-report, structured closed-ended questionnaires for socio-demographic variables of children, self-administered WHO Quality of life BREF scale, and PSS stress scale. The data obtained were analysed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Findings related to the comparison between the level of stress among the orphan and non-orphan children revealed that majority of orphan children (76.66%) had about moderate stress, 23.33% of the orphan children had high stress, and none of the children had a low level of stress, whereas among non-orphan children, majority (90%) had moderate stress, 10% had low level stress, and none of them had high level stress. The findings related to the comparison of levels of quality of life among the orphan and non-orphan children reveal that a high percentage of orphan children (66.66%) had a moderate quality of life and some of them (33.33%) had a poor quality of life, whereas a high number of non-orphan children (66.66%) had a very good quality of life and some (33.33%) had a good quality of life. No significant association was found between the quality of life and stress scores with the socio-demographic variables of orphan and non-orphan children. Conclusion: The study concluded that orphan children need to improve their quality of life and decrease their level of stress.
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Zhao, Qi, Hui He, Huang Gu, Junfeng Zhao, Peilian Chi, and Xiaoming Li. "Facial Expression Processing of Children Orphaned by Parental HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional ERP Study with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 9995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199995.

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Existing behavioral studies have suggested that individuals with early life stress usually show abnormal emotional processing. However, limited event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evidence was available to explore the emotional processes in children orphaned by parental HIV/AIDS (“AIDS orphans”). The current study aims to investigate whether there are behavioral and neurological obstacles in the recognition of emotional faces in AIDS orphans and also to further explore the processing stage at which the difference in facial emotion recognition exists. A total of 81 AIDS orphans and 60 non-orphan children were recruited through the local communities and school systems in Henan, China. Participants completed a computer version of the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task while recording ERPs. Behavioral results showed that orphans displayed higher response accuracy and shorter reaction time than the control (ps < 0.05). As for the ERPs analysis, the attenuated amplitude of N170 (i.e., an early component sensitive to facial configuration) was observed in AIDS orphans compared to the non-orphan control with happy and neutral faces; P300 (i.e., an endogenous component for affective valence evaluation in emotional processing) also showed significant differences in parietal lobe between groups, the non-orphan control group produced larger P300 amplitudes than orphans (p < 0.05). The results suggested that compared to the control group, AIDS orphans showed impaired facial emotion recognition ability with reduced brain activation.
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Feleke, Solomon, Gudina Egata, Firehiwot Mesfin, Gizachew Yilak, and Abebaw Molla. "Undernutrition and associated factors in orphan children aged 6–59 months in Gambella Southwest, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 7 (July 2021): e045892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045892.

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ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and associated factors in orphaned children under 5 years old.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingGambella City, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA sample of 419 under 5 orphaned children included in the study. Eligible households with orphans had selected using a systematic random sampling method. The lottery method was used when more than one eligible study participants live in the household. An OR with 95% CI was performed to measure the strength of association between each dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with p<0.05 were declared statistically significant.Primary outcomeThe main outcome of this study was the prevalence of undernutrition among orphaned under 5 and its associated factors.ResultsPrevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in orphan children under 5 were 12.2%, 37.8% and 21.7%, respectively. The prevalnce of wasting peaks among age group of 36–47 months (42.5%), whereas underweight peaks in 48–59 months (27.7%). Food insecurity, wealth index, family size, vitamin A supplementation, diarrhoea, fever 2 weeks before the survey, children under 5 and parents’ death were associated with undernutrition.ConclusionThe prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among orphan children under 5 was significantly high. Multisectoral collaborative efforts towards access to health services, improving income-generating activities, micronutrient supplementation and social support and protection targeting orphan and vulnerable populations have to be built up.
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Isnaeni, Yuli, Sri Hartini, and Carla Raymondalexas Marchira. "Intervention Model for Orphan’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems: A Scoping Review." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, F (August 13, 2021): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6249.

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BACKGROUND: As many as, 45% of orphaned children and adolescents living in orphanages experience behavioral and emotional problems. Several literature reviews on the intervention of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents have been widely conducted. However, there is paucity in the reviews of emotional and behavioral problem interventions in the orphan group based on the type of group approach used in published articles. AIM: This study aimed to synthesize the results on the interventions of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents aged 7–20 years who live in institutions or orphanages. METHODS: This research was a scoping review. This review used three databases comprising PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Library Online. The inclusion criteria were experimental research designs and cohort studies, published in the 2009–2019, discussed emotional and behavioral problem’s intervention in orphan, and written in English. The exclusion criteria were that the research subjects had severe mental and psychosocial disorders such as autism, mental retardation, and mental disorders. The authors used three categories of keywords; the first keyword and its synonym were “intervention, treatment.” The second keyword focused on behavioral problems, which was “behavioral difficulties,” and the third keyword focuses on population and place, “orphan, institutions orphans, orphanages.” The article selection stage is described in detail in the flow diagram of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The critical appraisal stage used the checklist from Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Ten articles were found and selected for review. The main emotional and behavioral problems experienced by orphan children and adolescents include depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem, feelings of anger, and trauma. Other problems related, functional disorders, life satisfaction, the probability of suicide, and early (prodromal) symptoms of psychosis, also arise. There were six types of interventions given to overcome emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents, but the interventions that are most often given are cognitive therapy, educational support, complementary, and alternative medicine. The approaches in groups that are often used in this review are the support group and the teaching-learning group. The combination of two or more approaches in one intervention can increase the success or effectiveness in overcoming emotional and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS: Depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, feeling anger, and trauma are main problems for orphans. To address these emotional and behavior problems, it is necessary to combine several interventions and a combination of group-based approaches.
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Boadu, Selina, Annabella Osei-Tutu, and Joseph Osafo. "The Emotional experiences of children living in orphanages in Ghana." Journal of Children's Services 15, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-10-2018-0027.

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Purpose This study aims to explore the emotional experiences of children in selected orphanages. Design/methodology/approach The study was executed in three orphanages in Accra, Tema and Aburi through the use of semi-structured interviews and observations. Findings In total, 15 respondents reported some emotional experiences such as loneliness, entrapment, deprivation, rejection and helplessness. Originality/value The number of children living in orphanages has increased in recent times. Previous studies have examined psychological risk and protective factors among children orphaned as a result of HIV/AIDS and also compared orphan children to non-orphans. Notwithstanding this, little is known about the emotional experiences of children living in orphanages in Ghana.
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Baranauskiene, I., and A. B. Kovalenko. "PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF OLDER PRESCHOOL-AGE ORPHANS’ INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS." Ukrainian Psychological Journal, no. 2 (14) (2020): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/upj.2020.2(14).1.

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The article presents the research on the characteristics of older preschool-age orphans’ interpersonal relationships. It reveals differences between the functioning of the sphere of orphans’ interpersonal relations and that of children brought up in families. Orphans show higher interest in adults, indicating that orphans’ need in adults’ attention is not satisfied. The main motives for communication with adults in families are mutual interactions and cognitive needs, while the dominant motive of orphan children is searching for attention and kindness. Orphans show increased inclination to conflicts, cause for which are every-day issues and the struggle for adults’ attention and friendliness. The main cause of conflicts characteristic for family-raised children is their selfaffirmation in games. Orphans are less and less likely to express their own emotions when communicating. They rarely turn to their partners for some advice, support, and sharing of experiences, unlike children in families. Orphaned children feel indifference in relationships with peers. Differences were found between orphaned children and family-raised children as for well-being of relationships: orphans’ well-being is quite low, while family-raised children’s well-being is high. Orphaned children, due to problems in interpersonal relationships with adults and peers, have some deviations in the most important psychological formations: distortion of self image, delayed formation of subjective attitude to oneself, as well as slow and abnormal development of activity, which may further negative affect their psychological well-being.
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Syahrin, M. Alvi, and Happy Herlambang. "SERVICE OF THE CLASS II TPI CIREBON IMMIGRATION OFFICE THROUGH PARTICULAR ACTIVITIES TO YATIM PIATU CHILDREN IN THE CIREBON CITY ENVIRONMENT." Jurnal Abdimas Imigrasi 1, no. 2 (October 24, 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jaim.v1i2.133.

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Orphans are a social phenomenon that is always present in society both developed and developing countries. In every region there are always orphans who need education, livelihood and others, ironically they still lack systematic and integrated assistance from the government or the environment. Orphan / orphan word means a child who loses or is left dead by his father before he goes on (Lisanul 'Arab, 12/645, al-Mu'jam al-Wasith, 2/1063) The condition of orphans causes the loss of their hopes to live their lives, especially for disadvantaged orphans. An orphan is a child whose father has died. Accommodating and caring for orphans who come from families unable to aim to help orphans in order to complete their formal education in accordance with their education. Children must get serious attention, lest they are displaced due to family economic limitations, they must be helped to rise from adversity by embracing and introducing them to education, so that we have sufficient future leaders.
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Shanthi, Malleedi, EV Soma Sekhar Goud, G. Padmanabha Kumar, Jagdeesh P. Rajguru, Subramaniam Ratnasothy, and Kranti KR Ealla. "Risk Factors and Treatment Needs among Orphan School Children." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 10 (2017): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2145.

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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to identify risk factors and treatment needs of orphan children of Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Objectives (1) To identify the association between the frequency of snacking and caries among orphan schoolchildren, (2) To assess Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli (microbiological assessment) in saliva of orphan children, and (3) To formulate treatment needs for orphan children. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was done among 253 children of 5-, 12-, and 15-year-olds living in various orphanage houses of Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Demographic data, and dietary and oral hygiene practices were collected through a structured questionnaire. Clinical examinations of children were conducted to assess oral health status and recorded in the World Health Organization oral health assessment form (1997). Stimulated saliva was collected for S. mutans and Lactobacilli levels. The statistical software, namely, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 19.0 was used for the analysis of the data. Results The final data analysis included 253 children of which 116 (45.8%) were boys and 137 (54.2%) were girls. 140 (55.33%) children were caries-free and 113 (44.66%) children presented with caries (decayed/missing/filled surface >0). High levels of salivary microbiological counts (S. mutans and Lactobacilli), i.e., ≥ 105, stress the importance of necessary preventive oral health services. Treatment needs among orphan children showed that most of the children, i.e., 58 (22.9%), need preventive or caries-arresting care followed by 49 (19.4%) who require two-surface filling as an immediate measure. Conclusion From the results of our study, orphan children have low utilization of preventive and therapeutic oral health services. Urgent attention is required to plan a comprehensive dental health-care program to improve their oral health status. Clinical significance Parents are the primary caretakers of children, but woefully some of them have to lead their lives without parents, the latter either being dead or incapable of bringing up their children. Such a group of children is known as orphans. As oral health is an integral part of general health, it is essential for health-care policy makers to address oral health needs of this underprivileged group of society. This article highlights the risk factors and treatment needs among orphan schoolchildren. How to cite this article Shanthi M, Goud EVSS, Kumar GP, Rajguru JP, Ratnasothy S, Ealla KKR. Risk Factors and Treatment Needs among Orphan School Children. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):893-898.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Orphan children"

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Singh, Sumitra. "Health status and health needs of orphan children of Kathmandu Nepal." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: contains 3rd party material and therefore cannot be made available electronically, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=53383.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2009.
With: Health status and health needs of the orphan children of Kathmandu Nepal : the findings of the pilot study / S. Sing, Edwin R. Van Teijlingen, P. Simkhada. Stupa Journal of health services. 2007: 3, 1-2. With: Health status and health needs of orphan children of Kathmandu Nepal / S. Sing, P. Simkhada, Edwin R. Van Teijlingen. Journal of Nepal Heath Research Council. 2007: 5, 2. Includes bibliographical references.
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Murphy, Peter. "Poor, ignorant children, a great resource, the Saint John Emigrant Orphan Asylum admittance ledger in context." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22804.pdf.

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Nshimyimana, Brigitte. "Perception on Support Provided to Orphan Children in Foster Care Placement in an Urban City of Windhoek (Namibia)." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Child Studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12619.

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Zambia is a highly urbanized country with 60% of its urban population residing in low cost areas also called peri-urban, slum or informal settlements. The increase in urban population attributed to rapid migration and urbanization due to political and economic changes has taken a toll on service provision as the infrastructure development and service provision has failed to meet the demand. For the 33 peri-urban areas in Lusaka, the water supply and sanitation has been poor, inadequate and unreliable with the coverage being slightly above 50% for water while 90% of the urban population does not have access to the much needed sanitation. The low coverage is a result of lack the financial capacity on the part of the service providers to extend services to un served areas.

This research focuses on the strategies to provide sustainable water and sanitation services to peri-urban areas to ensure improved accessibility through the expansion of infrastructure and attainment of full cost recovery. In this era of increasing migration to unplanned settlements where the services are inadequate, alternatives to public provision of water and sanitation services need to be put in place. One of the alternatives is the public-private partnership which encompasses the society, private and the civil society. As has been found in the study the best alternative should not only be completely bottom up but should also be more demand driven and be able to provide for greater contributions from the affected communities.

The hypothesis of the study is to ascertain if provision of water supply to the Peri-Urban Areas (PUAs) can be achieved through the partnership between the water utility and the small scale water providers. Therefore, the objectives of the research are to: evaluate and compare the current service provision to the peri-urban areas by the utility and small scale providers in terms of technical, social and institutional arrangements and determine the best way of ensuring sustained service provision to peri urban areas and show how partnership can be the best solution to improving service delivery to these areas.

Service provision in PUAs can not be achieved without the involvement of all the stakeholders especially the community who are also the users and whose major role is paying for the service to enhance sustainability. In this study the Small Scale Water Providers (SSWP) users were found to be satisfied with the service provided than the utility users who felt that more needed to be done. The two providers are found to have different strengths which when combined would enhance service provision. The collaboration between utility with its competence in water supply, technical installations, water quality testing and SSWP with theirs in community involvement, cost recovery, effective operation and maintenance and demand driven water schemes have to be merged to achieve the intended goal and it is also an indication that the two can complement each other. Utility should therefore consider opening investment accounts for all the areas so as to detach PUAs needs from the general plan and eventually budget as they would be self sustaining and enhance willingness to pay for the users. The SSWP should therefore be viewed as partners by all and licensing should be considered by the government for the benefit of the urban poor.

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Bubacz, Beryl M. "The Female and Male Orphan Schools in New South Wales, 1801-1850." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2474.

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Doctor of Philosophy
This thesis is concerned with an examination and re-assessment of the establishment, operation and management of the Female and Male Orphan Schools, in the first half of the nineteenth century in New South Wales. The chaplains and governors in the early penal settlement were faced with a dilemma, as they beheld the number of children who were ‘orphaned’, neglected, abandoned and destitute. In order to understand the reasons why these children were in necessitous circumstances, the thesis seeks to examine the situations of the convict women, who were the mothers of these children. Governors Philip Gidley King and Lachlan Macquarie respectively in 1801 and 1819 established the Schools, which provided elementary education, training and residential care within a religious setting. Researching the motives underlying the actions of these men has been an important part of the thesis. An examination of the social backgrounds of some of the children admitted to these Schools has been undertaken, in order to provide a greater understanding of the conditions under which the children were living prior to their admissions. Information about family situations, and the social problems encountered by parents that led them to place their children in the Schools, have been explored. The avenues open to the girls and boys when they left the Schools, has formed part of the study. Some children were able to be reunited with family members, but the majority of them were apprenticed. A study of the nature of these apprenticeships, has led to a greater understanding of employment opportunities for girls and boys at that time. In 1850 the Schools were amalgamated into the Protestant Orphan School at Parramatta. By examining the governance and operation of the Schools during their last two decades as separate entities, we have more knowledge about and understanding of these two colonial institutions. It is the conclusion of this thesis that some of the harsher judgements of revisionist social historians need to be modified. It was the perception that more social disorder would occur if action was not taken to ‘rescue’ the ‘orphaned’ children, usually of convict parentage. However genuine charity, philanthropy and concern was displayed for the children in grave physical and moral danger. The goals of the founders were not always reached in the Orphan Schools, nevertheless they performed an invaluable service in the lives of many children.
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Samuelson, Kajsa, and Frida Lidén. "”Love and patience is most important” : A qualitative interview study about the views and experiences from physical therapists working with orphan children diagnosed with cerebral palsy in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-411357.

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Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a diagnosis found worldwide. Literature indicates the importance of teaching families how to support the child. Orphan children are an exposed group and if the child also is diagnosed with CP the child is even more exposed. A literature search on how the lack of social support from close family, for example a child being orphan, affects the physical therapy intervention for CP showed no results. Purpose: The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to investigate views and experiences from physical therapists at “The Center of Rehabilitation and Support For Children With Disabilities”, Ho Chi Minh City, about their work with orphan children diagnosed with CP. Method: A qualitative interview study with physical therapists working with orphan children diagnosed with CP. The data was collected through five semi-structured interviews. Summary of result: The result was divided into four categories and 14 subcategories. The treatment for the orphan children was motor skill oriented and included a psychosocial view. “Love” was very important in physical therapy treatment, as a substitute for social support from close family. The participants had examples of obstacles and experiences on ways to overcome lack of social support. Conclusion: The most prominent views and experiences from the physical therapists were to love the orphan children as their own and act in their professional roles in ways that compensate for strong social support. There is a need for more research in this area.
Bakgrund: Cerebral pares (CP) är en diagnos som finns över hela världen. Litteratur och riktlinjer anger vikten av att lära familjer hur man kan stödja barnet. Föräldralösa barn är en utsatt grupp och om barnet också är diagnostiserat med CP är barnet ännu mer utsatt. En litteratursökning om hur bristen på socialt stöd, till exempel ett barn som är föräldralöst, påverkar fysioterapeutisk behandling för CP visade inga resultat. Syftet: Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats var att intervjua fysioterapeuter vid ”The Center for Rehabilitation and Support For Children with Disabilities” i Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, om erfarenheter av deras arbete med föräldralösa barn som har fått diagnosen CP. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med fysioterapeuter som arbetade med föräldralösa barn diagnostiserade med CP. Datan samlades in genom fem semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sammanfattning av resultatet: Resultatet delades in i fyra kategorier och 14 subkategorier. Behandlingen för de föräldralösa barnen var motorisk färdighetsorienterad och inkluderade ett psykosocialt perspektiv. ”Kärlek” var mycket viktigt i fysioterapibehandlingen, som en ersättning för bristen av socialt stöd från nära familj. Deltagarna hade exempel på hinder som uppkom men också erfarenheter av sätt att övervinna bristen på socialt stöd. Slutsats: De mest framstående erfarenheterna från fysioterapeuterna var att älska de föräldralösa barnen som sina egna och agera som ett starkt socialt stöd. Det finns ett behov av ytterligare forskning inom detta område.
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Kuo, Caroline C. "Health impacts amongst carers of orphans and other children in a high HIV prevalence community in South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:55d6a6c6-5065-421f-ab97-6ff94d38f70c.

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Fifteen million children have been orphaned by AIDS. A growing body of evidence documents impacts of parental deaths on orphans, but little is known about impacts faced by AIDS-orphan carers. This study set out to: (a) investigate physical and mental health outcomes of adults caring for children in Umlazi, a high HIV prevalence township in South Africa; (b) assess whether AIDS-orphan carers face worse outcomes compared to other carers; and, (c) identify risk and protective factors for health. Using a cross-sectional survey, data was gathered from a representative community sample from August 2008 to March 2009 resulting in the largest known study conducted on AIDS-orphan carers to date (n=1599). The majority of carers looked after non-orphaned children (66.85%) followed by AIDS-orphan (22.45%) and other-orphan children (10.69%). Orphan carers had significantly worse general health and functioning, depression, and post-traumatic stress than non-orphan carers but patterns were less clear when orphan carers were disaggregated into AIDS-orphan and other-orphan carers for comparison. This suggests that health interventions might target orphan carers, rather than singling out AIDS-orphan carers. Differences in age, gender, education, economic assets, and source of household income fully accounted for the association between being an orphan carer and poor health. Social policy grants reduced negative health disparities between orphan carers and non-orphan carers. Social support, education, economic assets, food, access to water, and housing were iii also identified as risk and protective co-factors that might reduce orphan carer disparities in health. By highlighting health as a serious issue for orphan carers and identifying risk and protective factors for health, this study offers policy and program insights into how to mitigate negative impacts faced by carers in high HIV prevalence communities facing escalating numbers of orphans.
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Cluver, Lucie D. "Risk and protective factors for the psychological well-being of children orphaned by AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e61eaced-8d9f-4828-a2e5-dfaece0946c8.

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Background: Orphanhood is a major consequence of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. There is little evidence concerning psychological problems for AIDS-orphaned children. This thesis explores the relationship between orphanhood status and mental health. It also examines mediating influences of environmental risk and protective factors, and interactions between factors, on children’s psychological problems. Methods: 1200 isiXhosa-speaking children were interviewed, using standardised questionnaires, in deprived urban settlements of Cape Town. A qualitative stage with 60 AIDS-orphaned children, 42 caregivers and 20 professionals explored participant perceptions of risk and protective factors. A quantitative stage compared 1025 AIDS-orphaned children to control groups of other-orphans and non-orphans. Data were analysed with t-tests, chi-sq, anovas, regression and log-linear analyses. The study took place in collaboration with Cape Town Child Welfare. Results: AIDS-orphaned children reported more depression (p<.001), peer relationship problems (p<.001), post-traumatic stress (p<.001), suicidal ideation (p<.05), delinquency (p<.001) and conduct problems (p<.001) than other-orphans and non-orphans. Anxiety showed no differences. Compared to Western norms, AIDS-orphaned children showed higher levels of internalising problems and delinquency, but lower levels of conduct problems. These differences remained when controlling for socio-demographic factors. A number of factors strongly mediated the relationship between AIDS-orphanhood and mental health. These include poverty-related factors (food, education and social security, p<.001). caregiving-related factors (caregiver illness, p<.001, excessive housework p<.001, being a streetchild, p<.001) and AIDS-related stigma (p<.001). Cumulative effects were also found. Food insecurity and AIDS-related stigma interacted to raise likelihood of disorder from 19% to 83%, and orphanhood status and bullying interacted to raise likelihood from 12% to 76%. Conclusions: This thesis shows clear evidence of heightened psychological problems amongst AIDS-orphaned children. It also indicates mediating factors and points to areas of possible intervention. The South African Ministry of Social Development plans to scale up the study to a national survey of AIDS-orphanhood.
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Uhlén, Karin. "A White Orphan’s Educational Path in British India : A Postcolonial Perspective on Rudyard Kipling’s Novel Kim." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49439.

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In this essay Rudyard Kipling’s novel Kim (1901) is dealt with from a postcolonial perspective, and the aim is to show how three father figures - Colonel Creighton, Mahbub Ali and the lama - individually influence Kim’s education. Furthermore, how their point of view on education and parenting can be used to understand the larger concepts of postcolonialism and the pedagogy of Empire. This essay will argue that Kipling provides three different approaches to education that each can be considered the most suitable for a white orphan in British India during the late nineteenth century. Colonel Creighton is the personification of the imperial mindset, an authoritarian leader who strongly believes in institutions such as schools. Whereas Mahbub Ali, the wild horse from beyond the border and a servant of the Great Game, advocates freedom and a non-institutionalised form of education. Last but not least, the Buddhist lama from Tibet wishes to make Kim his chela and teach him the Wheel of Life. Reading Kipling’s novel Kim helps us to create an awareness of how the world order has changed during the decades and also gives us the opportunity to look at our present time in different lights.
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Mataka, Anafi. "Perceptions of factors contributing to psychological distress in HIV positive children on antiretroviral therapy in Mochudi, Botswana : a family caregiver and health care worker analysis." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5301.

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Master of Public Health - MPH
Background: The repercussions of being HIV positive coupled by the complications of antiretroviral therapy are likely to cause distress, emotional and psychological problems particularly among children infected by the virus. The limited support services for children experiencing distress intensify the urgency to address this challenge. Despite the availability of social workers and nurses' interventions currently in place, the number of children in need of psychological care continues to increase. This is particularly true at Deborah Retief Memorial (DRM) hospital, one of the main antiretroviral therapy facilities in Kgatleng district, Botswana. Method: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions of social workers, nurses and caregivers on key factors contributing to psychological distress of HIV positive children. A descriptive, exploratory qualitative study design that employed the use of in-depth interviews was used to conduct this study. Participants included four caregivers of HIV positive children who seek antiretroviral therapy at DRM hospital Infectious Diseases Control Clinic, together with five nurses and two social workers who worked in the same clinic. Conventional content analysis was used to analyse the in-depth interview transcripts. Results: Perceived psychological stressors for HIV positive children included disclosure of HIV status, orphanhood, social problems, lifelong treatment, stigma, poor caregiver-child relationship and lack of caregiver‟s love, care and support. However the caregivers did not fully understand the psychological distress the HIV positive children were experiencing, hence were unable to recognize it in these children. The study highlighted that major challenges faced by the health-workers included lack of qualified personnel, lack of adequate knowledge and skills, and a non-conducive working environment required to effectively assist children with psychological distress. The findings also indicated the need for education and support of caregivers and HIV positive children by the educators, family and health-worker systems. Conclusion: The profile of key stressors of psychological distress, the challenges and support needs suggested by the participants in this study can provide a framework for improving the existing services for HIV positive children with psychosocial problems. This information is important for use in training nurses and social workers involved with children with psychological behaviours.
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Redford, Sofia. "Framing the issues of orphans and vulnerable children /." Connect to online version, 2008. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2008/255.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Orphan children"

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Laura, Captari, ed. Orphan justice: How to care for orphans beyond adopting. Nashville, TN: B & H Publish Group, 2013.

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The Texas orphans: A story of the Orphan Train children. Austin, Tex: Eakin Press, 1994.

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Orphan 32. Hamilton, Ontario: Hope for the World Productions, 2013.

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Campbell, Thanh. Orphan 32. Hamilton, Ontario: Hope for the World Productions, 2013.

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Guest, Emma. Children of AIDS: Africa's orphan crisis. London: Pluto Press, 2001.

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Hvaal, Morten. Orphan voices: Alene med AIDS. Oslo: The International Museum of Children's Art, 2001.

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The orphan trains. Minneapolis, Minn: Compass Point Books, 2006.

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Orphan in America. North Charleston, South Carolina: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014.

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Patrick, Michael. Orphan trains to Missouri. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1997.

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Suffer the little children. Sisters, Or: Multnomah Books, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Orphan children"

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Puga, Ana Elena, and Víctor M. Espinosa. "Unaccompanied Migrant Children: Orphan-Martyrs in Motion." In Performances of Suffering in Latin American Migration, 233–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37409-9_6.

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Maksudyan, Nazan. "The Orphan Nation: Gendered Humanitarianism for Armenian Survivor Children in Istanbul, 1919–1922." In Gendering Global Humanitarianism in the Twentieth Century, 117–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44630-7_5.

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Cheney, Kristen, and Stephen Ucembe. "The Orphan Industrial Complex: The Charitable Commodification of Children and Its Consequences for Child Protection." In Disadvantaged Childhoods and Humanitarian Intervention, 37–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01623-4_2.

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Nejmeh, Brian A., and Tyler Dean. "The CHARMS Application Suite: A Community-Based Mobile Data Collection and Alerting Environment for HIV/AIDS Orphan and Vulnerable Children in Zambia." In Service-Learning in the Computer and Information Sciences, 401–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118319130.ch19.

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Riley, Liam, and Esther Lupafya. "Rethinking the Orphan Crisis: Community-Based Responses to Orphan Care in Malawi." In Children's Rights and International Development, 221–39. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230119253_11.

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Freidus, Andrea, and Anne Ferguson. "Malawi’s Orphans: The Role of Transnational Humanitarian Organizations." In Vulnerable Children, 203–15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6780-9_14.

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Brown, Jill. "When All the Children Are Left Behind: An Exploration of Fosterage of Owambo Orphans in Namibia, Africa." In Vulnerable Children, 185–202. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6780-9_13.

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Fernando, Chandi, and Michel Ferrari. "Resilience in Orphans of War in Sri Lanka." In Handbook of Resilience in Children of War, 131–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6375-7_10.

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Davis, Mary Ann. "Adoption as a Support System for Orphaned, Abandoned, or Voluntarily Placed Children." In Children for Families or Families for Children, 3–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8972-4_1.

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Ferguson, Kim T., and Melody J. Lee. "Cognitive, Motor, and Behavioral Development of Orphans of HIV/AIDS in Institutional Contexts." In Neuropsychology of Children in Africa, 69–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6834-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Orphan children"

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Volodina, Juliya. "COPING-STRATEGIES AND PROTECTIVE MODELS OF BEHAVIOR OF ORPHAN CHILDREN IN SOCIETY." In SGEM 2014 Scientific Conference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b11/s1.012.

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Artishcheva, Lira V. "Forecasting in the environment of personal and situational anxiety of orphan children." In 3rd International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.03.04031a.

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Kozhevnikova, Viktoriya Aleksandrovna. "Psychological and pedagogical cheracteristics of orphan children and children without parental support development under the conditions of residential institution." In IX International students' applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-81175.

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Muton, Nursakirah Ab Rahman, Nasriah Zakaria, and Faten Damanhoori. "A conceptual framework of an e-mentoring system for orphan children using ARCS motivational model." In 2010 International Symposium on Information Technology (ITSim 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsim.2010.5561459.

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Aleksyshin, Gleb Vladimirovich, and Anastasia Aleksandrovna Pervushina. "CHILDREN OF TOWN KUYBYSHEV IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-62/65.

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Orphans during the SubjectWar suffered a difficult fate - parents died or went missing, hunger, staying away from home, and one sheer unknown. Large echelons to the reserve capital of our country, the city Kuybyshev sent for the maintenance of orphans. How was life, study, extracurricular activities for orphans organized? How did orphans cope in such a difficult time? Consider a few moments from their past.
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Chepurko, Iuliia Iuliia chepurko, and Sofiia Aleksandrovna Sokolenko. "Interpersonal conflicts of social orphans of primary school age." In All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference. Publishing house Sreda, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-53603.

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The article deals with the actual problem of social orphanhood, education and training of children of primary school age in boarding schools. The authors reveal the specificity of conflict interpersonal interaction among children of primary school age. The research methods used were the analysis of scientific literature on the problem of research, comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization. As a result, a program of conflict training for children was developed. Prevention and resolution of interpersonal conflicts among social orphans of primary school age will help to prevent the increase of socially negative phenomena in society.
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Pisarenko, Veronika, and Elena Chekalenko. "Technology for Forming Effective Team of Teachers for Orphaned Children." In Proceedings of the International Conference Digital Age: Traditions, Modernity and Innovations (ICDATMI 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201212.054.

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Legkonogikh, Aleksandr. "LIFE ARRANGEMENT STRATEGY FOR ORPHANS AND CHILDREN LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE: THE ETHICAL ASPECT." In 6th SWS International Scientific Conference on Social Sciences ISCSS 2019. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sws.iscss.2019.3/s12.069.

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Aldasheva, A. А., М. Е. Zelenova, and J. N. Sivash. "Administration of a child as a regulator of activity of social teachers." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.357.367.

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The study is aimed at studying the regulatory features of the mental image of an adopted child in parents with different forms of custody of orphans. In connection with the preparation of the bill on the support of foster families and the mandatory psychological testing of foster parents, empirical research in this area has received particular relevance and significance. The sample consisted of: 1. social educators — adoptive parents who perform their functions on the basis of an employment contract on a fee and raise a different number of orphans; 2. Blood guardians — adoptive parents having kinship with pupils left without parents. A total of N = 110 people were examined. To identify the peculiarities of the image of the adopted child, a verbal version of the SOCH (I) technique was used (V. L. Sitnikova). The following results were obtained: 1. In foster parents, in the hierarchy of image components, the leading place belongs to the qualities of the child, revealing its features as the subject of social interaction — the “Social” component. It was also established that for large adoptive parents, the behavior of the child and its characteristics as a subject of activity are important, occupying the lower hierarchical positions in the form of ordinary parents. We explain this structural feature of the child’s image in the mentality of parents with many children by the presence of many problems that arise in the dyad “adopted child — adopted adult”. 2. It has been established that the blood guardians in the image structure of the adopted child do not have the component “family values”, which is an alarming fact. As you know, it is the values of the family that perform the regulatory function and form the unity of a small group that unites the concept of “we”. 3. When comparing images of a “good-bad” child, an important feature of the mentality of large social educators was revealed — the images of a “good-bad” child turned out to be weakly differentiated in their structure, which in the context of previously obtained empirical data can be interpreted as weak emotional and personal involvement in the process of education, as well as the presence of psychological distance in relations with foster children.
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Yustikaningrum, Rima Yuwana. "Rights to Education:Free Access for Orphaned and Vulnerable Children in Indonesia." In 3rd International Conference on Social Science, Humanities and Education. Acavent, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/3rd.icshe.2020.03.11.

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Reports on the topic "Orphan children"

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Clarke, Alison, Sherry Hutchinson, and Ellen Weiss. Psychosocial support for children. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv14.1003.

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Masiye Camp in Matopos National Park, and Kids’ Clubs in downtown Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, are examples of a growing number of programs in Africa and elsewhere that focus on the psychological and social needs of AIDS-affected children. Given the traumatic effects of grief, loss, and other hardships faced by these children, there is increasing recognition of the importance of programs to help them strengthen their social and emotional support systems. This Horizons Report describes findings from operations research in Zimbabwe and Rwanda that examines the psychosocial well-being of orphans and vulnerable children and ways to increase their ability to adapt and cope in the face of adversity. In these studies, a person’s psychosocial well-being refers to his/her emotional and mental state and his/her network of human relationships and connections. A total of 1,258 youth were interviewed. All were deemed vulnerable by their communities because they had been affected by HIV/AIDS and/or other factors such as severe poverty.
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Nelson, Tobey, Eka Esu-Williams, Lungile Mchunu, Pinkie Nyamakazi, S'Fiso Mnguni, Katie Schenk, Catherine Searle, and Jennifer Redner. Training youth caregivers to provide HIV education and support to orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa. Population Council, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv12.1000.

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Mbizvo, Michael, Paul Hewett, Nkomba Kayeyi, Lyson Phiri, Saziso Mulenga, Bwalya Mushiki, and Mwelwa Chibuye. Benchmark assessment of orphaned and vulnerable children in areas of the Zambia Family (ZAMFAM) Project. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv5.1003.

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Schenk, Katie, Annie Michaelis, Tobey Nelson, Lisanne Brown, and Ellen Weiss. Looking back, moving forward: Improving the lives of orphans and other children affected by AIDS, Horizons studies 1998 to 2007. Population Council, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv10.1011.

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Mbizvo, Michael, and Paul Hewett. Benchmark assessment of orphaned and vulnerable children in areas of the Zambia Family (ZAMFAM) Project—Brief. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv5.1004.

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Jere, Catherine M. Addressing educational access and retention of orphaned and vulnerable children in high HIV prevalence communities in rural Malawi: a flexible approach to learning. UCL Institute of Education, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii295.

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Challenges faced by households in caring for orphans and vulnerable children. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv15.1005.

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South Africa has seen a rapid increase in HIV prevalence among the general population over the past ten years, from less than 1 percent in 1990 to 20 percent in 2001. As the HIV/AIDS epidemic increases, so do the number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). In 2002, an estimated five million people were living with HIV/AIDS. Because of the average 10-year period between infection and death, even if HIV prevalence declined rapidly, South Africa would still experience an increasing orphan burden for many years to come. By 2010, 16 percent of all children in South Africa will be orphans with more than 70 percent due to AIDS. The Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund initiated the Goelama Project, which uses a community mobilization strategy to catalyze action by local organizations and government bodies to prevent HIV infection and mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of the disease, particularly as they affect OVC. This brief highlights key findings from a study of 29,000 members of nearly 5,000 households in eight study sites to identify ways that government and communities can strengthen the socioeconomic capacity of households to care for and support OVC.
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Meeting the needs of orphans and other vulnerable children: Learnings from Project SOAR. Population Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv5.1016.

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Vulnerability and intervention opportunities: Research findings on youth and HIV/AIDS in South Africa. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv15.1006.

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The Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund (NMCF) seeks comprehensive local solutions to address the negative effects of HIV/AIDS on children, adolescents, households, and communities. To this end, NMCF initiated the Goelama Project, which uses a community mobilization strategy to catalyze action by local organizations and government bodies to prevent HIV infection and mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of the disease, particularly as they affect orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). This brief highlights key findings from an assessment of reproductive and sexual health knowledge and behaviors among nearly 5,000 youth from eight districts in three provinces in South Africa where the Goelama Project is active: Mpumalanga, Limpopo, and KwaZulu Natal. This research is part of a larger study of 29,000 members of nearly 5,000 households that seeks to identify ways that government and communities can strengthen the socioeconomic capacity of households to care for and support OVC. The youth component focuses on the sexual and reproductive behaviors of young people in the Goelama intervention areas and factors that may influence these behaviors, such as schooling, orphanhood, knowledge, and involvement in community activities.
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Situation analysis of the sexual and reproductive health and HIV risks and prevention needs of older orphaned and vulnerable children in Nyanza Province, Kenya. Population Council, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh14.1083.

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